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HOME FUNERALS KATE’S STORY Kate’s wish was to die in her country home near Wolfville, Nova Scotia; and she did. Kate died May 27th, 1997 from cancer at the age of 41. In the last few months of her life she was surrounded by a very strong community of friends and family who supported her journey which extended above and beyond her death right to the grave. Kate’s home, known as ‘Swallows Nest’, was of post and beam construction and was surrounded by 29 acres of beautiful land that created an ideal home in which to live and die. She had been a Waldorf nursery school teacher and her home portrayed a very peaceful, serene space. In the early 90’s Kate was diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Lifestyle changes and various treatments seemed to put the disease process into remission. In 1996; however, cancer was detected in other areas of her body and death became imminent. She put in place what was necessary in order to stay in her home. When it came time for her to have full time care a close friend came from Montreal to look after the main household duties; grocery shopping, making doctor appointments, keeping track of all the allopathic medicine and various remedies. Kate received frequent treatments such as massage, acupuncture, naturopathic treatments, anthroposophical medicine, energy work, aromatherapy and other kinds of support as well. Friends took turns making wonderful nutritious meals which were dropped off at Kate’s daily. Dying at home can make it easier to cope with such challenges as food cravings which was certainly true in this case. Kate lived on custard for the last 30 days but the meals continued to feed the caregivers and any visitors. Kate’s casket was made by Jan Oosteroff. Lovingly created with pine, apple wood heart inlay and two hummingbirds carved out of cherry wood for the latches that added such a beautiful touch. This casket sat in the adjoining room to Kate’s bedroom serving as an altar prior to her death. The handles were made by a local blacksmith friend and put on after she died. As time was ticking on for Kate in her last year of life, she dealt with her will, personal directive and wishes for her death care. She planned some of her memorial service and designed a pretty elaborate five foot headstone. When Kate became bedridden, caregivers began to do her personal care around the clock. The VON of Nova Scotia was a helpful resource, reassuring Kate’s caregivers that they were providing best of care. To manage her pain she used various techniques including pain meditations as well as breakthrough pain control medications. Close to the end a nurse made a house call to insert a butterfly for easy administration of morphine. As the spring of '97 began to lighten up outside, Kate’s world began to physically get smaller and smaller inside. Window shades were drawn because the light was getting too intense for her. Spiritual visitations began to happen in the last week or so. She noticed her big cement statue of St. Francis at the foot of the bed move back and forth. His disciples came to visit another day. These kinds of experiences brought her great comfort. Resources such as The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying by Syogal Rimpoche, The Lords Prayer, anthroposophical books, poems by Rumi and other readings helped the journey as well. Kate had attended Joan Halifax’s course ‘Being With Dying’ shortly after her diagnosis. This information was very valuable for her and the caregivers as well. A Rumi poem ‘Garden Beyond Paradise’ had been passed on by Roshi Joan Halifax which encapsulates the experience of life and death so eloquently it is used in many funerals and memorial services. It was early Saturday morning, May 27th, 1997, when Kate’s close circle of friends were called to come sit with her, and she died that evening around 7pm. Prayers were said, smoke from the sage was used, her eye lids were closed while a candle continued to burn on the altar. A couple of friends kept vigil overnight and the next morning at sunrise five women prepared the body. She was washed with sage water, her hair was shampooed (a tip: dry shampoo is much easier to use) and the whole body spritzed with rose water. A favorite dress was cut at the back to make it easier to put on her and she was then carried to her casket that was padded with pillows and strewn with rose petals. Her bed was then washed down with rosemary water too. Kate's body was laid out for the next 30 hours where friends and family played music and sang, recited poetry and danced. (A little oversight here was we had forgot to phone the family doctor so it was not until this point that he came to pronounce her dead and sign the death certificate). Kate had requested a closed casket so the only time the lid was opened was for the doctor. On Monday a memorial service was held in a Wolfville church while someone sat vigil with the body at home. Kate requested to be moved as little as possible. When pall bearers went to bring the casket to the nearby cemetery they soon realized it wouldn’t fit through the door! It must have been brought in on its side. They had to quickly remove the door and frame and slowly wedge it out. A borrowed station wagon was used to transport the body to the nearby cemetery where the rest of the community had formed two rows a few feet apart. They were lined up from the gate to the grave and the casket was passed along as friends and family each touched, held and passed her on down the line to her final resting spot. One friend made the comment; “it helped to demystify death by just touching the casket”. Death doesn’t have to be so removed and untouchable. After the graveside service it was a few of the woman friends who grabbed shovels to fill in the grave. A garden now grows there and a stained glass cement bench sits at the base of the grave. 49 days later there was a giveaway of some of Kate’s belongings (as is done in some Native traditions), as well as a ceremony and a pilgrimage across country from her house back to the cemetery. Loraine Johnson JEREMY’S STORY My personal account of a friend’s death: The Friday prior to this past one Naomi and I were coming back from Halifax where I had been to an interview while Kurt and SethKloven were at Sue and Jeremy’s house to process some pork from the pigs we finished this season on the Frith’s organic vegetable compost. Jeremy was in great spirits that day because he had just returned from the emergency department where he had gone to explore some concerns he had about his heart, but after an EKG and blood pressure analysis he came home with his mind put at ease. He was just to take some bed rest and he’d be fine. I wish I had been there that day because Kurt said it was a very jovial atmosphere since Kurt and Jeremy were so enthusiastic about the community event of growing and processing this pork. His good mood might also have been attributed to the fact that (as I since learned) he and Sue made love for what they would not have known to be their last time the night before. For some reason, the conversation that afternoon turned to death. Jeremy told Kurt that when his time came he wished to go quickly in his bed. On Sunday morning Kurt got up to do the chores early as usual, but in the field he saw an additional horse. Thinking it was Nemo he did a head count. Puzzled that our horses didn’t seem to be very excited, he concluded that the horse must have been there for some time enough that ours had turned their thoughts to pending hay delivery. Such events always inspire energetic response, so Kurt rushed inside and yelled up to me (I was still asleep) “Jeremy’s horse is here. Call Sue and Jeremy and tell them that I’ll chase it up the road.” I did that and Sue said she’d be on the way down the hill to catch him. Minutes later Kurt came inside a second time and said, “I’m really freaked out; I can’t find that horse!” He went out to look again and the next time he came in he was ashen, “There were no tracks in the snow at all by the fence line where I saw it.” This led to a second embarrassing call to the Friths as well as a lot of discussion between ourselves and within the community in the following weeks. Kurt didn’t just see a blur or what might have been a moose or deer (and there were no tracks of that nature either). He saw a black horse, “Jeremy’s horse”, so clearly that he had noticed the snow on it’s long mane. Tuesday morning I was outside shoveling around the hay trailer when Cheryl stopped in. The purpose of her stop was to tell us that she had seen a number of emergency response vehicles at the Frith’s Mountain Meadow Farm just now on her way past. I was worried about Jeremy as I thought back to his recent illness and his trip to emergency but I didn’t suspect his death until just then Kurt came out of the house having received a call from Jen to say that indeed Jeremy had died. We fumbled to collect what we needed to go up the road. Upon arrival I went straight to the house while Kurt and Seth stayed at the end of the driveway where some people were gathered in shock to share the sad news. I suspected that Jeremy’s body had been removed by the first responders who must have tried to get him to the hospital so I prepared myself to receive Sue as both a friend and a grief counselor. There on their bedroom floor lay Jeremy – his head cradled in Sue’s lap. He was warm and only just pronounced dead. He looked wonderful (if slightly pale) and there was nothing grotesque about his appearance at all. In fact my thought at that moment was, “how can someone who looks so strong and healthy be dead?” The reverend was also present, and some friends were down in the living room. Some medical personnel were around and Sue had no idea what reality was or what to do at that moment. I sat with them both and gently helped her to realize that all she had to think about right now was that this was the last chance she’d ever have to be with Jeremy’s body and to spend that in the way that felt right for her. She opened to that experience so fully and with such love that being in their presence was an honor that I will never forget. I encouraged her to communicate with Jeremy rather than about him, and she was able to look into his face and imagine his answers to her questions about if he knew how much she loved him. I was able to support them with pillows and cuddle them together with their dogs in the blankets from their bed. The Reverend and I sat with Sue as she made the difficult phone calls to Jeremy’s sons. The RCMP “needed” to do a lengthy report. I took some pictures of Sue and Jeremy. Hours passed and Sue did everything a person could with that precious time. She agreed that Jeremy must have an autopsy to try to attain some answers about his unexpected death, and by the time his remains were removed she felt he was no longer there and was ready to let his body leave the home. One of the women who came to take Jeremy away were excited by the closeness he kept with the animals as Kipper and Lucy were cuddled at his side and said that she had not seen animals that close in many years. I stayed with Sue that night and was proud that she spent the night in bed even though she didn’t sleep. Sue decided that what Jeremy would want is to be buried at home without embalming and without hiring professional services for anything that could be done by friends and family. It seemed like such a simple request and a perfectly natural response to the death of a farmer and poet and community activist; however, as the challenges before us became more obvious, Sue backed down saying that she was in no frame of mind to be able to argue to have those needs met. I told her that her job was to identify the needs and that the rest of us would do what we could to meet them. We agreed it was better to try and fail than not to try. That is how I came to embark upon a crash course in home funerals and burial here in Victoria County, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. Answers I had been trying to find for months now came by force to Sue’s phone line. There were neighbours offering sympathy and assistance as well as those who hadn’t heard. There were officials and medical examiners and family members. There were people Sue wanted to speak with and those she couldn’t talk to. I felt as if I were manning a hotline and a freshly bereaved friend as well as checking in with my own sense of loss. There were many people around and many more came and called. People made food and beds, they plowed the driveway and picked relatives up from the airport. Sue kept up with the animal husbandry and has found to be her strongest grounding. Contact with the animals and the elements and the rhythms of farm chores have been most healing for her and I can really identify with that. I can’t really recount all that was done. I do remember that I felt compelled to assign anyone who said, “..if there is anything I can do,” a concrete task. That was effective and really got everyone working together in a way that would have made Jeremy proud. This is not the place to go into all the details about how the legalities and logistics got worked out (that is another project) but I will say that from a professional standpoint it has been an extremely enlightening and educational experience. I’m happy that Jeremy’s death could offer me the necessary insight to start to address my own needs in terms of green and home burials as well as to start to meet some others who are like minded in the field. Enough about that for now. Thank goodness for the arrival of Veronika who helped out with some very important details such as writing the obituary with Sue, and Sue’s sister Lynette who took over the phones from me when I started to run out of steam, and Danny who called at just the right time and offered not only to pick up Jeremy’s body from Halifax but also to handle the bureaucracy he would face in doing that. It seemed as if every phone call I made started a chain of a hundred others, until it became obvious that there were about 8 key players who had access to the information we needed. It is still not crystal clear, nor 100% verifiably legal, but this is what we did; Friday morning Jeremy’s sons Alec and Josiah had gathered in Halifax and went to the medical examiner’s office to obtain a death certificate which needed to be taken to vital statistics where it was exchanged for many other documents, among them something that when returned to the morgue made it possible for Danny and Gordon who had been sent the night before with a van from here to pick up Jeremy and to have him placed in a coffin that had been made on Thursday by Rodney, Kurt and Kimble at home in Jeremy’s shop. By the time this heist was happening on Friday a wonderful sense of excitement had developed. I was delighted to learn that the people at the morgue had been incredibly impressed at not only the beauty of the coffin (made with real wood!) but also that those who were picking up the remains knew him! Jeremy was brought home in the van and transferred to our truck at the end of the snowy road and placed upon the porch for a wake that evening. It was a sad/festive occasion and some people spoke spontaneously and read some of his uniquely Bermudian poetry. It was helpful to have my new puppy Thanatos present, a Yorkshire terrier I acquired specifically to help me with this work as his name suggests. On Saturday morning our good ‘ol farm truck acted as a hearse once again and we all gathered at the community church at North River Bridge for a service. It was an honor that Sue asked Kurt to be a pall bearer and for Naomi and SethKloven and I to sit with the family. She had started a book at the wake in which she invited people to share thoughts and memories about Jeremy. Her intent was to pick a few to be read at the funeral, but when the time came she said that a single entry summarized exactly what she wanted to have said. It was Naomi’s, which read, “I thought about Jeremy at school today because we had our Christmas turkey dinner – and the carrots were terrible.” We explained to her that it was so poetic because Jeremy worked his whole life so that a little girl like her would understand the difference between a fresh, locally grown, organic carrot and a “commercialized” one. Indeed, Jeremy has fed us well. I’ll not forget the view as the coffin left the church and the white doors opened to reveal a beautiful snowstorm. There was a reception in the church basement and then Sue hopped in the back of the truck with Jeremy for their last of many thousand drives up the Meadow Rd, past yonder homestead where they often stopped to chat for hours. On the day of Jeremy’s funeral procession; however, that short journey was not so simple. The only way to capture the severity of the storm that had blown up is to know that at the time we commented, “as this story is retold over the years, surely one will believe we exaggerate about this!” It was nuts. Sue was lying on top of the coffin in the back of the truck and we couldn’t see 10 feet in front of us. The van which had been used to pick up Jeremy’s remains in Halifax slid off the road near the bottom of our horse field (where Kurt had seen the black horse incidentally); there was congestion, pedestrians, mass confusion and even a collision. Alec and Josiah pulled up beside us as they turned around to take the other way around Meadow road exclaiming, “This is awesome!” We were going to follow them but decided to plow through. When we got to the Frith driveway things were even crazier. The tractor had just broken down in the process of continually clearing the road to get access to the grave which Sue had picked, Sandy and William had dug and Kurt had documented the day before with photos and measurements and soil descriptions. The plan had been to have a home burial upon arrival, but Jeremy’s interment was postponed while everyone took shelter in the house to recuperate. Ernie conducted a formal pipe ceremony inside with everyone standing in a circle and Bill sang the beautiful song; How Can I Stop Myself from Singing? Then the weather seemed to subside a little so we proceeded to graveside. The coffin was lowered and everyone gathered, informally singing and shoveling the dirt into Jeremy’s grave with one of the many shovels we had found around the farm. We all took turns as we felt we wanted to and it felt so good to me to do that. Of course a patch of clear blue sky opened up during that process. A bottle of whiskey was passed around and someone poured some on the ground in which Jeremy’s body now lies near his deceased horse named Whiskey. That was the ceremony. I’m sure I’ve left out so many details, but writing this has helped me to keep track of some the hectic events of this past week. Many things have come out of this. I’m sad and angry about the death of one of my very best friends. It seemed we were only at the beginning of a conversation about similar views regarding lifestyle and spirituality, and Ernie and Jen completed a circle which I was looking forward to participating in. Jeremy was SethKloven and Naomi’s godfather. The loss of his guidance is a loss for me in the process of making meaning with regard to what it is to be homesteading here on the slopes of Spotted Mountain. I miss his presence. He was funny and warm and encouraging. I wish we got to do more things together that I couldn’t do pregnant or with a young baby at breast – really the only way he knew me. I wanted him to witness the development of our homestead and I sought his approval. I worry for Sue. I check in with myself about what of her pain I have taken on or am at risk of taking on in the months and years ahead. I predict great post traumatic growth for her but not without great struggle. I’m sad for Warren to move here having missed out on Jeremy’s neighbourly ways. I hope Dennis and other homesteaders will fill the gaps enough to continue to realize a place where our fresh food can still be traded in an alternate market. I’m thankful that the events surrounding Jeremy’s death have strengthened some ties I feel within the community such as with Sue and Andy and Susan, not to mention the contacts that were made as a result of his home funeral and burial. Professionally this has been a gathering of the fourfold and I am freshly interested in yet more aspects of this vast field. Some internet searching has revealed a description of what it was that I felt I was able to contribute to Jeremy’s death and that is called a Death Midwife … I move closer to my calling … Already well underway in the United States, the home funeral movement in Canada has begun. While the funeral industry is starting to respond to requests for increasingly personalized and ecologically responsible post death care, home funeral guides have emerged to support families to provide their own post death care. Home funeral guides do not have the appropriate license to provide professional services such as embalming and transportation, but instead they work to educate and empower families to do it on their own, which sometimes involves modeling such things as present mindedness, body care practices or casket making. In some cases, home funeral guides might help families obtain the services they need from a funeral director. Understandably, the funeral industry as a whole has not responded positively to the emergence of home funerals since it invariably lowers their earning potential. As a result, some have lobbied against the ability for anyone who is not a licensed funeral director to receive pay for services related to post death care; yet, it remains the legal right for families to care for their own dead without professional intervention, and home funeral guides will continue to support families who are reclaiming that right. Many people feel that the "traditional" home funeral package that is offered by funeral directors is overpriced. The potentially reduced cost of a home funeral is one reason why home funerals are gaining popularity, but money is only one aspect to be considered. The upcoming cohort of baby boomers are a large and powerful consumer group who have demanded choice at every stage of the life cycle. Baby boomers are starting to choose greener, simpler (as well as more extravagant) and more personal funerals and disposition alternatives that reflect who they were in life. Historically, prior to the advent of the "traditional" funeral, women who helped families wash the bodies and prepare those who had died for burial were called shrouding women. Those who feel called to carry on this sacred work today call themselves home funeral guides, thanadoulas, or death midwives. Just as birth midwives accept birth as a natural transition which does not necessarily require intervention, death midwives believe that families deserve to be empowered to lead their own care at the time of death and beyond. A death midwife is someone who is willing to witness all aspects of death and dying and may serve individuals and families throughout their dying time, as well as acting as a home funeral guide or helping families get the support they need from a professional funeral director. End of life shamans work with families from a spiritual perspective while thanadoulas also help families navigate the entire pan death process. Such care providers are working at a grassroots level, yet it seems the field is becoming ever more organized. If you are interested to learn more about the home funeral movement, consider watching the PBS documentary called, "A Family Undertaking" by Elizabeth Westrate, or reading the book entitled Grave Matters (2007) by Mark Harris, or Final Rights: Reclaiming the American Way of Death (2011) by Lisa Carlson and Joshua Slocum. Links to additional resources can be found on the website www.deathmidwifery.ca Families reclaiming home based post death care ADVANCE DIRECTIVES Advance health care planning can go beyond end of life by identifying post death care wishes such as organ and tissue donation as well as details concerning one's post death care like choosing music, flowers, special articles of clothing or other things to be included in one's grave, or leaving messages to be remembered by. Baby boomers have started to explore the choices that are available after death and are expressing interest in more ecological and family centered alternatives to the "traditional" funeral. Many are discovering how life affirming and comforting it can be to articulate how one wishes to be cared for in death, and bereaved family members are usually pleased about the opportunity to fulfill such wishes. Knowing that a loved one wants to be cared for at home by friends and family presents an opportunity to deal creatively with death and dying. It is a precious opportunity to engage ritual and make meaning. Families who have sufficient support networks may choose to exercise their legal right to care for their own loved ones in death without any professional intervention whatsoever. The home funeral movement empowers families to do what they choose to do on their own and also to access the assistance they need, whether it be from a professional funeral director or a home funeral guide, death midwife, thanadoula, celebrant, informal support person or other professional who may help the family make final arrangements for their loved one. Take time to consider your own post death care wishes and share those with your family! REMAINING PRESENT Home funerals allow families the chance to stay present with their loved ones throughout their dying time and beyond. Since our North American culture is rather death denying, we have compartmentalized and institutionalized many aspects of death care and there tends to be a gap between the palliative care which happens primarily before death and the post death care services which are provided by funeral directors. The difference between this hands off approach and the hands on approach of home funerals is subtle yet enormous. Families who care for their own are generally less rushed and more open and available to not only the physical, but also the psychosocial, emotional and spiritual transformations that are taking place around the time of death. Many who have had the chance to stay with their loved ones after they have died and to be with them and to care for them for several hours or days, report a sense of peacefulness or transcendence which they believe they would not have felt if their loved one's body had been taken away from them and professionally embalmed for formal visitation. Present mindfulness is one way families remain connected throughout end of life and afterward. PAPERWORK One of the services that is regularly provided by funeral directors is to handle the paperwork associated with filing a Death Certificate and obtaining appropriate permits for transportation and disposition of human remains. Many families appreciate this service, but for those who want to handle it themselves it is simply a matter of going in person to the office of vital statistics. The last physician who saw the deceased is required to sign a Medical Certificate of Death that must be filed with the Statement of Death in order for the Death Certificate to be issued. In the case of an unexpected death or when the physician's signature is not obtainable, the local coroner or medical examiner must determine if an autopsy is required. If a death is considered to be a "coroner's case" (that is an investigation or autopsy is deemed necessary) then a family has no legal right to decline such intervention (to do so would be considered obstruction of justice) since determining the cause of death takes precedence over a families wishes, though many medical examiners are willing to work with families to fulfill their wishes as much as possible. When no further evidence is needed, then a Burial Permit (along with a Permit to Cremate if needed) will be issued which then leaves the family in charge of their loved one's remains from that point forward. The paper trail described above seems confusing at first, and may very well be overwhelming for bereaved families; however; it is possible and legal for families to handle it themselves or with the help of a friend, relative or home funeral guide if they should so choose. Other paperwork needs attention at end of life as well, not only with respect to medical files and advance directives but with respect to settling legal and financial affairs too. TRANSPORTATION The laws around transportation of human remains vary across the country, but for the most part are more accommodating than the public seem to believe. Once a Burial Permit has been obtained, it is within families rights to transport their loved one's covered remains within most Canadian provinces. Transportation Permits are required to cross borders, or in the event that the Burial Permit has yet to be issued. Funeral Homes are licensed to transport human remains as are identified transfer companies who report that it can be very challenging work. Many families are grateful to have such services provided (especially if they don't have access to a large vehicle such as a van or station wagon), but those who choose to do it themselves tend to be more tolerant of one another and make meaning of the challenges inherent in moving dead bodies in a dignified way. When things go wrong families find ways to remember the deceased compassionately by making observations such as, "he always was difficult." Humour is an important aspect of post death care. LAYING OUT Prior to the industrial revolution home funerals were the norm in Canada. Using ice to impede decomposition, families would lay out their relatives at home while loved ones said their goodbyes and arrangements were made to bury the body in the family cemetery plot in the back 40. This was a time for families to gather, a time for problem solving and working together while making meaning of the death. While families still gather and share emotion at a contemporary visitation at a funeral home, actual participation is minimized. Many of the valuable family rituals that evolved as a result of direct participation when families waked their loved ones at home (dressing them, choosing music, surrounding them with photos, memorabilia and hand picked flowers, making food and keeping watch over the deceased until the time of disposition) have been lost. Hopefully a return to home funerals will happen in time to save the precious living memory which still survives in some Canadian families. Many home funeral guides notice how families become enlivened as they provide post death care. Hands on participation tends to be hesitant at first; however, as people overcome their initial fear of being with the dead they find themselves doing things they never imagined. Contemporary home vigils are typically 13 days and involve the use of dry ice to keep the body cool. There is plenty of opportunity for family members to spend whatever time with the deceased feels right for them. Special moments that might not happen in the public setting of a funeral home often take place in the wee hours. When one is able to stay present to their loved ones who have died; to really be there and to see with their own eyes that this person no longer talks, moves or breathes, they no longer feel warm to the touch and their old familiar smell has faded, then the realization that a physical relationship with this body must end slowly sinks in. Laying out a body at home provides an opportunity for the process of acceptance to begin. CEREMONY Ceremonies that happen at end of life and after death should reflect the unique individual who has died and their family who has gathered to be with them during their transition from life into death. There is no cookie cutter formula for celebrating death that suits all cultures and families. Many people want psychosocial, emotional and spiritual guidance at the time of death which may be provided by priests, ministers, rabbis, volunteers, chaplains, social workers, or other religious or spiritual leaders. Psychopomps, end of life shamans and death midwives deal specifically with spiritual journeys at the time of death and beyond. While such leadership is often enriching, anyone who is willing to stay present with another during their death usually shares an extraordinary experience and often reports that they felt they were able to be of help to the dying person in one way or another. Unfortunately, we seem to lack the ability to communicate effectively about such matters of the spirit in a way that is inclusive, but it seems that most people agree that some pretty important stuff is happening, and those who remain present to provide post death care for their loved ones find some of those transcendent and magical qualities continue to inform the days that follow. In addition to the ceremony that may occur at the time of death, many families also choose to commemorate the occasion of washing the body, the gathering together of loved ones (who may have come from afar), the vigil, the interment of the remains as well as various other occasions for memorial remembrance. As with all aspects of home funerals, families have the right to conduct whatever ceremonies they choose. They may ask their spiritual or religious care providers to lead ceremony or they may seek the services of a professional celebrant. In any case; ceremony is a time and space consciously intended to be apart from ordinary life in which connections between one another and the cycles of life are created. DISPOSITION ALTERNATIVES Those who are inclined to provide home based post death care tend to seek natural, handcrafted and deeply ecological disposition alternatives. Even families who choose to bury their loved ones in a lawn cemetery may exercise their right to purchase or make the casket, burial shroud or urn that is right for them. An inexpensive cardboard casket that can be decorated by the family is the norm for home funerals, but the alternatives are endless. Handcrafted, ecofriendly products are increasingly available. Green burials (where unembalmed remains are buried in biodegradable containers without concrete vaults shallowly in woodland lots in order to speed decomposition and reintegration with the ecosystem) are becoming more popular, as is cremation. While emissions from poor stacks can be harmful for the environment, direct cremation is often inexpensive and compatible with home funerals because families can often deal directly with the crematorium and transport their loved ones remains themselves, possibly remain present for the cremation process, and take the ashes home to be scattered at some special time and place. Home burial requires some legal paperwork but is generally legal in rural areas but not in urban settings. There are other disposition alternatives as well, such as body donation, promession, burial at sea, funeral pyres and sky burial. Some people take comfort in the idea of being eaten by animals on mountaintops, in forests or in oceans where their life energy can be most directly re assimilated. Many people find that when they take the time to really think about it, they do care what happens with their physical remains after they die. Some lean toward preservation while others want to decompose or be burned. It is becoming clear that "traditional burial" in the lawn cemetery is not an ecologically responsible solution for the future, especially considering current demographic shifts. BEREAVEMENT SUPPORT Grief is a normal, natural and healthy response to the death of a loved one. Many people have the support systems in place to cope with bereavement, but those who do need additional support can turn to grief counselors or other bereavement support providers. Even though the delivery of grief support is part of Hospice Palliative Care mandate in Canada, due to financial and other constraints it is an area that often falls short of meeting needs, especially in rural locations. Families who choose to provide their own home based post death care (as a result of working collaboratively and in community) are usually better prepared to support one another in grief, and the act of participating in home funerals helps to put healthy grief processes in motion. Many grief theorists look to times when there was less cultural denial around death as times when people were better prepared to accommodate death and loss. When dying is institutionalized and death is put away out of sight and undertaken by professionals only, we become alienated from death and less able to cope with grief. When families choose to stay present to death and dying they usually experience an affirmation of life. Children benefit from having death and dying normalized and healthy grief responses modeled rather than kept behind closed doors. So many facets of life have become industrialized, yet when it comes right down to it no professional can do one's grieving for them. Participating in home based post death care is one way to get in touch with grief and to help fulfill loved ones final wishes intimately and within the culture of their family. “In all of the years that i have been working with wood the most significant pieces have been the caskets and urns i have been asked to build...i work from my heart...and somehow that emanates back out of the end of life vessels in particular...because of the care and intention that i put into my work...perhaps it helps to ease the passage.Jan Oosteroff Cassandra Yonder North River, Nova Scotia Thanatologist, Educator, Research Assistant, Home Funeral Guide, Grief Counselor BEYOND YONDER DEATH MIDWIFERY www.deathmidwifery.ca Michelle Chaban Toronto, ON Director, Contemplative End of Life (Thanadoula) Program THE INSTITUTE OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE www.theinstituteoftraditionalmedicine.com Debbie Charbonneau Montreal, Quebec Death Doula; End of Life Shaman, Homeopath, Herbalist, Reiki practitioner DEBBIE THE DEATH DOULA www.deathdoula.ca Loraine Johnson Edmonton, Alberta Massage & Aromatherapist, Yoga Instructor, Meditation Practitioner, HPC provider, Coach LIFE CYCLES AT INFINITEARTH www.infinitearth.com Pashta MaryMoon Victoria, British Columbia Death Midwife www.beyonds.ca CANADIAN INTEGRATIVE NETWORK FOR DEATH EDUCATION AND ALTERNATIVES www.cindea.ca Don Morris Victoria, British Colombia End of Life Coach and Home Funeral Advocate www.donmorris.ca Outreach Director, GREEN BURIAL COUNCIL Canada www.greenburialcouncil.org Kory Prentice McGrath Ontario Funeral Director, Home Funeral Guide, Elder Planning Counselor, Doula, Perinatal Services REMEMBER NETWORK www.remembernetwork.ca BODY CARE The thought of being in the presence of a corpse is scary for many Canadians, and the idea of making physical contact with someone who has died can be disturbing; however, many of those who have stayed present to care for their loved ones in death by helping to wash and dress their bodies, arrange their surroundings in appropriate ways, assist with transporting them from one location to another, or just to keep vigil until the time of disposition report a sense of peacefulness. There are plenty of communities within Canada and abroad who have always cared for the body after death as is the norm in Jewish and Muslim traditions. To witness families "walking through this door of fear" when they perform body care is one of the privileges of being a home funeral guide. Caring for loved ones in death in such tangible ways is a visceral experience and tends to deepen the understanding that death has occurred, which can of course be extremely painful emotionally, yet simultaneously healing and potentially therapeutic. Accepting the reality of the loss helps people (including children) to go forward in life as well as helping to develop a mature understanding of death. Staying present to help care for those who have died teaches some people to let go of the relationship which was shared with a physical body and to locate and articulate the continuing bonds that transcend death. AfterWards Take her not from me. Let it be this hand Who wipes the folds of this flesh A final encore to her fading days. With each tender stroke, May her seasoned soul unwind its threads from this mortal coil. With each grieving caress, May her enduring love weave more tightly into the whole of my being. Take her not from me, Until the last essence of who she was is truly gone, And I have captured only what she left for me In this hand and heart. Pashta MaryMoon a "family" includes whomever one defines as their family presented by beyond yonder deathmidwifery www.deathmidwifery.ca "I'm 60 years old. In my 20's and 30's I was a busy embalmer and funeral director who prepared tens of hundreds of bodies. When choosing to work in an emotionally present way I was able to let go into a naturally compassionate and generous state, one I rarely knew. I learned first hand there is something truly sacred about this work. Today I advocate for the myriad benefits a family run, home funeral vigil can bring Canadians. It's the way we used to care for our deceased loved ones a century or so back“ Don Morris NORTH AMERICAN RESOURCES: THE HOME FUNERAL DIRECTORY www.homefuneraldirectory.com THE NATIONAL HOME FUNERAL ALLIANCE www.homefuneralalliance.org NATURAL TRANSITIONS www.naturaltransitionsmagazine.com Below is what I wrote in Jeremy’s book: We’ve seen each other almost daily since we moved to our homestead near to his. We trade fresh goat’s milk for precious organic vegetables. Jeremy helped me to understand why there is no exchange more sacred than this. There was a vitality to Jeremy that might occasionally be misconstrued as arrogance, but to my way of thinking an arrogant man is closed off to change; whereas Jeremy was always, always wide open. He presented his opinions with passion and welcomed argument. He let himself be influenced by the inherent beauty of each moment and thus was alive with a palpable authenticity. I loved Jeremy very much. He felt like my peer and my grandfather all at once. I am left wanting more of his wit, wisdom and unabashed presence. Thank you Jeremy for welcoming us here to this perfect place and supporting us is such important and fundamental ways. Thank you for always being up for participating (which seems to be the way one gets most out of life). Thank you especially for loving the earth so well, and for encouraging the rest of us to love her too. With The Big Bamboo running through my head, Cassandra Yonder CANADIAN CONTACTS:

home funeral 4 - Death midwife funerals poster.pdf · 2015-06-17 · HOME FUNERALS KATE’S STORY Kate ... Waldorf nursery school teacher and her home portrayed a very peaceful, serene

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Page 1: home funeral 4 - Death midwife funerals poster.pdf · 2015-06-17 · HOME FUNERALS KATE’S STORY Kate ... Waldorf nursery school teacher and her home portrayed a very peaceful, serene

HOME FUNERALSKATE’S STORYKate’s wish was to die in her country home near Wolfville, Nova Scotia; and she did. Kate died May 27th, 1997 from cancer at the age of 41. In the last few months of her life she was surrounded by a very strong community of friends and family who supported her journey which extended above and beyond her death right to the grave. Kate’s home, known as ‘Swallows Nest’, was of post and beam construction and was surrounded by 29 acres of beautiful land that created an ideal home in which to live and die. She had been a Waldorf nursery school teacher and her home portrayed a very peaceful, serene space.

In the early 90’s Kate was diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Lifestyle changes and various treatments seemed to put the disease process into remission. In 1996; however, cancer was detected in other areas of her body and death became imminent. She put in place what was necessary in order to stay in her home. When it came time for her to have full time care a close friend came from Montreal to look after the main household duties; grocery shopping, making doctor appointments, keeping track of all the allopathic medicine and various remedies. Kate received frequent treatments such as massage, acupuncture, naturopathic treatments, anthroposophical medicine, energy work, aromatherapy and other kinds of support as well. Friends took turns making wonderful nutritious meals which were dropped off at Kate’s daily. Dying at home can make it easier to cope with such challenges as food cravings which was certainly true in this case. Kate lived on custard for the last 30 days but the meals continued to feed the caregivers and any visitors. Kate’s casket was made by Jan Oosteroff. Lovingly created with pine, apple wood heart inlay and two hummingbirds carved out of cherry wood for the latches that added such a beautiful touch. This casket sat in the adjoining room to Kate’s bedroom serving as an altar prior to her death. The handles were made by a local blacksmith friend and put on after she died.

As time was ticking on for Kate in her last year of life, she dealt with her will, personal directive and wishes for her death care. She planned some of her memorial service and designed a pretty elaborate five foot headstone. When Kate became bedridden, caregivers began to do her personal care around the clock. The VON of Nova Scotia was a helpful resource, reassuring Kate’s caregivers that they were providing best of care. To manage her pain she used various techniques including pain meditations as well as breakthrough pain control medications. Close to the end a nurse made a house call to insert a butterfly for easy administration of morphine.

As the spring of '97 began to lighten up outside, Kate’s world began to physically get smaller and smaller inside. Window shades were drawn because the light was getting too intense for her. Spiritual visitations began to happen in the last week or so. She noticed her big cement statue of St. Francis at the foot of the bed move back and forth. His disciples came to visit another day. These kinds of experiences brought her great comfort. Resources such as The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying by Syogal Rimpoche, The Lords Prayer, anthroposophical books, poems by Rumi and other readings helped the journey as well. Kate had attended Joan Halifax’s course ‘Being With Dying’ shortly after her diagnosis. This information was very valuable for her and the caregivers as well. A Rumi poem ‘Garden Beyond Paradise’ had been passed on by Roshi Joan Halifax which encapsulates the experience of life and death so eloquently it is used in many funerals and memorial services.

It was early Saturday morning, May 27th, 1997, when Kate’s close circle of friends were called to come sit with her, and she died that evening around 7pm. Prayers were said, smoke from the sage was used, her eye lids were closed while a candle continued to burn on the altar. A couple of friends kept vigil overnight and the next morning at sunrise five women prepared the body. She was washed with sage water, her hair was shampooed (a tip: dry shampoo is much easier to use) and the whole body spritzed with rose water. A favorite dress was cut at the back to make it easier to put on her and she was then carried to her casket that was padded with pillows and strewn with rose petals. Her bed was then washed down with rosemary water too. Kate's body was laid out for the next 30 hours where friends and family played music and sang, recited poetry and danced. (A little oversight here was we had forgot to phone the family doctor so it was not until this point that he came to pronounce her dead and sign the death certificate). Kate had requested a closed casket so the only time the lid was opened was for the doctor.

On Monday a memorial service was held in a Wolfville church while someone sat vigil with the body at home. Kate requested to be moved as little as possible. When pall bearers went to bring the casket to the nearby cemetery they soon realized it wouldn’t fit through the door! It must have been brought in on its side. They had to quickly remove the door and frame and slowly wedge it out. A borrowed station wagon was used to transport the body to the nearby cemetery where the rest of the community had formed two rows a few feet apart. They were lined up from the gate to the grave and the casket was passed along as friends and family each touched, held and passed her on down the line to her final resting spot. One friend made the comment; “it helped to demystify death by just touching the casket”. Death doesn’t have to be so removed and untouchable. After the graveside service it was a few of the woman friends who grabbed shovels to fill in the grave. A garden now grows there and a stained glass cement bench sits at the base of the grave. 49 days later there was a give‐away of some of Kate’s belongings (as is done in some Native traditions), as well as a ceremony and a pilgrimage across country from her house back to the cemetery.

Loraine Johnson

JEREMY’S STORYMy personal account of a friend’s death:The Friday prior to this past one Naomi and I were coming back from Halifax where I had been to an interview while Kurt and Seth‐Kloven were at Sue and Jeremy’s house to process some pork from the pigs we finished this season on the Frith’s organic vegetable compost. Jeremy was in great spirits that day because he had just returned from the emergency department where he had gone to explore some concerns he had about his heart, but after an EKG and blood pressure analysis he came home with his mind put at ease. He was just to take some bed rest and he’d be fine.  I wish I had been there that day because Kurt said it was a very jovial atmosphere since Kurt and Jeremy were so enthusiastic about the community event of growing and processing this pork. His good mood might also have been attributed to the fact that (as I since learned) he and Sue made love for what they would not have known to be their last time the night before. For some reason, the conversation that afternoon turned to death. Jeremy told Kurt that when his time came he wished to go quickly in his bed.On Sunday morning Kurt got up to do the chores early as usual, but in the field he saw an additional horse. Thinking it was Nemo he did a head count. Puzzled that our horses didn’t seem to be very excited, he concluded that the horse must have been there for some time ‐ enough that ours had turned their thoughts to pending hay delivery. Such events always inspire energetic response, so Kurt rushed inside and yelled up to me (I was still asleep) “Jeremy’s horse is here. Call Sue and Jeremy and tell them that I’ll chase it up the road.” I did that and Sue said she’d be on the way down the hill to catch him. Minutes later Kurt came inside a second time and said, “I’m really freaked out; I can’t find that horse!” He went out to look again and the next time he came in he was ashen, “There were no tracks in the snow at all by the fence line where I saw it.” This led to a second embarrassing call to the Friths as well as a lot of discussion between ourselves and within the community in the following weeks. Kurt didn’t just see a blur or what might have been a moose or deer (and there were no tracks of that nature either). He saw a black horse, “Jeremy’s horse”, so clearly that he had noticed the snow on it’s long mane.Tuesday morning I was outside shoveling around the hay trailer when Cheryl stopped in. The purpose of her stop was to tell us that she had seen a number of emergency response vehicles at the Frith’s Mountain Meadow Farm just now on her way past. I was worried about Jeremy as I thought back to his recent illness and his trip to emergency but I didn’t suspect his death until just then Kurt came out of the house having received a call from Jen to say that indeed Jeremy had died. We fumbled to collect what we needed to go up the road.Upon arrival I went straight to the house while Kurt and Seth stayed at the end of the driveway where some people were gathered in shock to share the sad news. I suspected that Jeremy’s body had been removed by the first responders who must have tried to get him to the hospital so I prepared myself to receive Sue as both a friend and a grief counselor. There on their bedroom floor lay Jeremy – his head cradled in Sue’s lap. He was warm and only just pronounced dead. He looked wonderful (if slightly pale) and there was nothing grotesque about his appearance at all. In fact my thought at that moment was, “how can someone who looks so strong and healthy be dead?”The reverend was also present, and some friends were down in the living room. Some medical personnel were around and Sue had no idea what reality was or what to do at that moment. I sat with them both and gently helped her to realize that all she had to think about right now was that this was the last chance she’d ever have to be with Jeremy’s body and to spend that in the way that felt right for her. She opened to that experience so fully and with such love that being in their presence was an honor that I will never forget. I encouraged her to communicate with Jeremy rather than about him, and she was able to look into his face and imagine his answers to her questions about if he knew how much she loved him. I was able to support them with pillows and cuddle them together with their dogs in the blankets from their bed. The Reverend and I sat with Sue as she made the difficult phone calls to Jeremy’s sons. The RCMP “needed” to do a lengthy report. I took some pictures of Sue and Jeremy. Hours passed and Sue did everything a person could with that precious time. She agreed that Jeremy must have an autopsy to try to attain some answers about his unexpected death, and by the time his remains were removed she felt he was no longer there and was ready to let his body leave the home. One of the women who came to take Jeremy away were excited by the closeness he kept with the animals as Kipper and Lucy were cuddled at his side and  said that she had not seen animals that close in many years.I stayed with Sue that night and was proud that she spent the night in bed even though she didn’t sleep. Sue decided that what Jeremy would want is to be buried at home without embalming and without hiring professional services for anything that could be done by friends and family. It seemed like such a simple request and a perfectly natural response to the death of a farmer and poet and community activist; however, as the challenges before us became more obvious, Sue backed down saying that she was in no frame of mind to be able to argue to have those needs met. I told her that her job was to identify the needs and that the rest of us would do what we could to meet them. We agreed it was better to try and fail than not to try.That is how I came to embark upon a crash course in home funerals and burial here in Victoria County, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. Answers I had been trying to find for months now came by force to Sue’s phone line. There were neighbours offering sympathy and assistance as well as those who hadn’t heard. There were officials and medical examiners and family members. There were people Sue wanted to speak with and those she couldn’t talk to. I felt as if I were manning a hotline and a freshly bereaved friend as well as checking in with my own sense of loss. There were many people around and many more came and called. People made food and beds, they plowed the driveway and picked relatives up from the airport. Sue kept up with the animal husbandry and has found to be her strongest grounding. Contact with the animals and the elements and the rhythms of farm chores have been most healing for her and I can really identify with that.I can’t really recount all that was done. I do remember that I felt compelled to assign anyone who said, “..if there is anything I can do,” a concrete task. That was effective and really got everyone working together in a way that would have made Jeremy proud. This is not the place to go into all the details about how the legalities and logistics got worked out (that is another project) but I will say that from a professional standpoint it has been an extremely enlightening and educational experience. I’m happy that Jeremy’s death could offer me the necessary insight to start to address my own needs in terms of green and home burials as well as to start to meet some others who are like minded in the field. Enough about that for now.Thank goodness for the arrival of Veronika who helped out with some very important details such as writing the obituary with Sue, and Sue’s sister Lynette who took over the phones from me when I started to run out of steam, and Danny who called at just the right time and offered not only to pick up Jeremy’s body from Halifax but also to handle the bureaucracy he would face in doing that. It seemed as if every phone call I made started a chain of a hundred others, until it became obvious that there were about 8 key players who had access to the information we needed. It is still not crystal clear, nor 100% verifiably legal, but this is what we did; Friday morning Jeremy’s sons Alec and Josiah had gathered in Halifax and went to the medical examiner’s office to obtain a death certificate which needed to be taken to vital statistics where it was exchanged for many other documents, among them something that when returned to the morgue made it possible for Danny and Gordon who had been sent the night before with a van from here to pick up Jeremy and to have him placed in a coffin that had been made on Thursday by Rodney, Kurt and Kimble at home in Jeremy’s shop. By the time this heist was happening on Friday a wonderful sense of excitement had developed. I was delighted to learn that the people at the morgue had been incredibly impressed at not only the beauty of the coffin (made with real wood!) but also that those who were picking up the remains knew him! Jeremy was brought home in the van and transferred to our truck at the end of the snowy road and placed upon the porch for a wake that evening. It was a sad/festive occasion and some people spoke spontaneously and read some of his uniquely Bermudian poetry. It was helpful to have my new puppy Thanatos present, a Yorkshire terrier I acquired specifically to help me with this work as his name suggests.On Saturday morning our good ‘ol farm truck acted as a hearse once again and we all gathered at the community church at North River Bridge for a service. It was an honor that Sue asked Kurt to be a pall bearer and for Naomi and Seth‐Kloven and I to sit with the family. She had started a book at the wake in which she invited people to share thoughts and memories about Jeremy. Her intent was to pick a few to be read at the funeral, but when the time came she said that a single entry summarized exactly what she wanted to have said. It was Naomi’s, which read, “I thought about Jeremy at school today because we had our Christmas turkey dinner – and the carrots were terrible.” We explained to her that it was so poetic because Jeremy worked his whole life so that a little girl like her would understand the difference between a fresh, locally grown, organic carrot and a “commercialized” one. Indeed, Jeremy has fed us well.I’ll not forget the view as the coffin left the church and the white doors opened to reveal a beautiful snowstorm. There was a reception in the church basement and then Sue hopped in the back of the truck with Jeremy for their last of many thousand drives up the Meadow Rd, past yonder homestead where they often stopped to chat for hours. On the day of Jeremy’s funeral procession; however, that short journey was not so simple. The only way to capture the severity of the storm that had blown up is to know that at the time we commented, “as this story is retold over the years, surely one will believe we exaggerate about this!” It was nuts. Sue was lying on top of the coffin in the back of the truck and we couldn’t see 10 feet in front of us. The van which had been used to pick up Jeremy’s remains in Halifax slid off the road near the bottom of our horse field (where Kurt had seen the black horse incidentally); there was congestion, pedestrians, mass confusion and even a collision. Alec and Josiah pulled up beside us as they turned around to take the other way around Meadow road exclaiming, “This is awesome!” We were going to follow them but decided to plow through. When we got to the Frith driveway things were even crazier. The tractor had just broken down in the process of continually clearing the road to get access to the grave which Sue had picked, Sandy and William had dug and Kurt had documented the day before with photos and measurements and soil descriptions.The plan had been to have a home burial upon arrival, but Jeremy’s interment was postponed while everyone took shelter in the house to recuperate. Ernie conducted a formal pipe ceremony inside with everyone standing in a circle and Bill sang the beautiful song; How Can I Stop Myself from Singing? Then the weather seemed to subside a little so we proceeded to graveside. The coffin was lowered and everyone gathered, informally singing and shoveling the dirt into Jeremy’s grave with one of the many shovels we had found around the farm. We all took turns as we felt we wanted to and it felt so good to me to do that. Of course a patch of clear blue sky opened up during that process. A bottle of whiskey was passed around and someone poured some on the ground in which Jeremy’s body now lies near his deceased horse named Whiskey.That was the ceremony. I’m sure I’ve left out so many details, but writing this has helped me to keep track of some the hectic events of this past week. Many things have come out of this. I’m sad and angry about the death of one of my very best friends. It seemed we were only at the beginning of a conversation about similar views regarding lifestyle and spirituality, and Ernie and Jen completed a circle which I was looking forward to participating in. Jeremy was Seth‐Kloven and Naomi’s godfather. The loss of his guidance is a loss for me in the process of making meaning with regard to what it is to be homesteading here on the slopes of Spotted Mountain. I miss his presence. He was funny and warm and encouraging. I wish we got to do more things together that I couldn’t do pregnant or with a young baby at breast – really the only way he knew me. I wanted him to witness the development of our homestead and I sought his approval.I worry for Sue. I check in with myself about what of her pain I have taken on or am at risk of taking on in the months and years ahead. I predict great post traumatic growth for her but not without great struggle. I’m sad for Warren to move here having missed out on Jeremy’s neighbourly ways. I hope Dennis and other homesteaders will fill the gaps enough to continue to realize a place where our fresh food can still be traded in an alternate market.I’m thankful that the events surrounding Jeremy’s death have strengthened some ties I feel within the community such as with Sue and Andy and Susan, not to mention the contacts that were made as a result of his home funeral and burial. Professionally this has been a gathering of the fourfold and I am freshly interested in yet more aspects of this vast field. Some internet searching has revealed a description of what it was that I felt I was able to contribute to Jeremy’s death and that is called a Death Midwife … I move closer to my calling …

Already well underway in the United States, the home funeral movement in Canada has begun. While the funeral industry is starting to respond to requests for increasingly personalized and ecologically responsible post death care, home funeral guides have emerged to support families to provide their own post death care. Home funeral guides do not have the appropriate license to provide professional services such as embalming and transportation, but instead they work to educate and empower families to do it on their own, which sometimes involves modeling such things as present mindedness, body care practices or casket making. In some cases, home funeral guides might help families obtain the services they need from a funeral director. Understandably, the funeral industry as a whole has not responded positively to the emergence of home funerals since it invariably lowers their earning potential. As a result, some have lobbied against the ability for anyone who is not a licensed funeral director to receive pay for services related to post death care; yet, it remains the legal right for families to care for their own dead without professional intervention, and home funeral guides will continue to support families who are reclaiming that right. Many people feel that the "traditional" home funeral package that is offered by funeral directors is overpriced. The potentially reduced cost of a home funeral is one reason why home funerals are gaining popularity, but money is only one aspect to be considered. The upcoming cohort of baby boomers are a large and powerful consumer group who have demanded choice at every stage of the life cycle. Baby boomers are starting to choose greener, simpler (as well as more extravagant) and more personal funerals and disposition alternatives that reflect who they were in life.

Historically, prior to the advent of the "traditional" funeral, women who helped families wash the bodies and prepare those who had died for burial were called shrouding women. Those who feel called to carry on this sacred work today call themselves home funeral guides, thanadoulas, or death midwives. Just as birth midwives accept birth as a natural transition which does not necessarily require intervention, death midwives believe that families deserve to be empowered to lead their own care at the time of death and beyond. A death midwife is someone who is willing to witness all aspects of death and dying and may serve individuals and families throughout their dying time, as well as acting as a home funeral guide or helping families get the support they need from a professional funeral director. End of life shamans work with families from a spiritual perspective while thanadoulas also help families navigate the entire pan death process. Such care providers are working at a grassroots level, yet it seems the field is becoming ever more organized. If you are interested to learn more about the home funeral movement, consider watching the PBS documentary called, "A Family Undertaking" by Elizabeth Westrate, or reading the book entitled Grave Matters (2007) by Mark Harris, or Final Rights: Reclaiming the American Way of Death (2011) by Lisa Carlson and Joshua Slocum. Links to additional resources can be found on the website www.deathmidwifery.ca

Families reclaiming home based post death care

ADVANCE DIRECTIVESAdvance health care planning can go beyond end of life by identifying post death care wishes such as organ and tissue donation as well as details concerning one's post death care like choosing music, flowers, special articles of clothing or other things to be included in one's grave, or leaving messages to be remembered by. Baby boomers have started to explore the choices that are available after death and are expressing interest in more ecological and family centered alternatives to the "traditional" funeral. Many are discovering how life affirming and comforting it can be to articulate how one wishes to be cared for in death, and bereaved family members are usually pleased about the opportunity to fulfill such wishes. Knowing that a loved one wants to be cared for at home by friends and family presents an opportunity to deal creatively with death and dying. It is a precious opportunity to engage ritual and make meaning. Families who have sufficient support networks may choose to exercise their legal right to care for their own loved ones in death without any professional intervention whatsoever. The home funeral movement empowers families to do what they choose to do on their own and also to access the assistance they need, whether it be from a professional funeral director or a home funeral guide, death midwife, thanadoula, celebrant, informal support person or other professional who may help the family make final arrangements for their loved one. Take time to consider your own post death care wishes and share those with your family!

REMAINING PRESENTHome funerals allow families the chance to stay present with their loved ones throughout their dying time and beyond. Since our North American culture is rather death denying, we have compartmentalized and institutionalized many aspects of death care and there tends to be a gap between the palliative care which happens primarily before death and the post death care services which are provided by funeral directors. The difference between this hands off approach and the hands on approach of home funerals is subtle yet enormous. Families who care for their own are generally less rushed and more open and available to not only the physical, but also the psychosocial, emotional and spiritual transformations that are taking place around the time of death. Many who have had the chance to stay with their loved ones after they have died and to be with them and to care for them for several hours or days, report a sense of peacefulness or transcendence which they believe they would not have felt if their loved one's body had been taken away from them and professionally embalmed for formal visitation. Present mindfulness is one way families remain connected throughout end of life and afterward.

PAPERWORKOne of the services that is regularly provided by funeral directors is to handle the paperwork associated with filing a Death Certificate and obtaining appropriate permits for transportation and disposition of human remains. Many families appreciate this service, but for those who want to handle it themselves it is simply a matter of going in person to the office of vital statistics. The last physician who saw the deceased is required to sign a Medical Certificate of Death that must be filed with the Statement of Death in order for the Death Certificate to be issued. In the case of an unexpected death or when the physician's signature is not obtainable, the local coroner or medical examiner must determine if an autopsy is required. If a death is considered to be a "coroner's case" (that is an investigation or autopsy is deemed necessary) then a family has no legal right to decline such intervention (to do so would be considered obstruction of justice) since determining the cause of death takes precedence over a families wishes, though many medical examiners are willing to work with families to fulfill their wishes as much as possible. When no further evidence is needed, then a Burial Permit (along with a Permit to Cremate if needed) will be issued which then leaves the family in charge of their loved one's remains from that point forward. The paper trail described above seems confusing at first, and may very well be overwhelming for bereaved families; however; it is possible and legal for families to handle it themselves or with the help of a friend, relative or home funeral guide if they should so choose. Other paperwork needs attention at end of life as well, not only with respect to medical files and advance directives but with respect to settling legal and financial affairs too.

TRANSPORTATIONThe laws around transportation of human remains vary across the country, but for the most part are more accommodating than the public seem to believe. Once a Burial Permit has been obtained, it is within families rights to transport their loved one's covered remains within most Canadian provinces. Transportation Permits are required to cross borders, or in the event that the Burial Permit has yet to be issued. Funeral Homes are licensed to transport human remains as are identified transfer companies who report that it can be very challenging work. Many families are grateful to have such services provided (especially if they don't have access to a large vehicle such as a van or station wagon), but those who choose to do it themselves tend to be more tolerant of one another and make meaning of the challenges inherent in moving dead bodies in a dignified way. When things go wrong families find ways to remember the deceased compassionately by making observations such as, "he always was difficult." Humour is an important aspect of post death care.

LAYING OUTPrior to the industrial revolution home funerals were the norm in Canada. Using ice to impede decomposition, families would lay out their relatives at home while loved ones said their good‐byes and arrangements were made to bury the body in the family cemetery plot in the back 40. This was a time for families to gather, a time for problem solving and working together while making meaning of the death. While families still gather and share emotion at a contemporary visitation at a funeral home, actual participation is minimized. Many of the valuable family rituals that evolved as a result of direct participation when families waked their loved ones at home (dressing them, choosing music, surrounding them with photos, memorabilia and hand picked flowers, making food and keeping watch over the deceased until the time of disposition) have been lost. Hopefully a return to home funerals will happen in time to save the precious living memory which still survives in some Canadian families. Many home funeral guides notice how families become enlivened as they provide post death care. Hands on participation tends to be hesitant at first; however, as people overcome their initial fear of being with the dead they find themselves doing things they never imagined. Contemporary home vigils are typically 1‐3 days and involve the use of dry ice to keep the body cool. There is plenty of opportunity for family members to spend whatever time with the deceased feels right for them. Special moments that might not happen in the public setting of a funeral home often take place in the wee hours. When one is able to stay present to their loved ones who have died; to really be there and to see with their own eyes that this person no longer talks, moves or breathes, they no longer feel warm to the touch and their old familiar smell has faded, then the realization that a physical relationship with this body must end slowly sinks in. Laying out a body at home provides an opportunity for the process of acceptance to begin.

CEREMONYCeremonies that happen at end of life and after death should reflect the unique individual who has died and their family who has gathered to be with them during their transition from life into death. There is no cookie cutter formula for celebrating death that suits all cultures and families. Many people want psychosocial, emotional and spiritual guidance at the time of death which may be provided by priests, ministers, rabbis, volunteers, chaplains, social workers, or other religious or spiritual leaders. Psychopomps, end of life shamans and death midwives deal specifically with spiritual journeys at the time of death and beyond. While such leadership is often enriching, anyone who is willing to stay present with another during their death usually shares an extraordinary experience and often reports that they felt they were able to be of help to the dying person in one way or another. Unfortunately, we seem to lack the ability to communicate effectively about such matters of the spirit in a way that is inclusive, but it seems that most people agree that some pretty important stuff is happening, and those who remain present to provide post death care for their loved ones find some of those transcendent and magical qualities continue to inform the days that follow. In addition to the ceremony that may occur at the time of death, many families also choose to commemorate the occasion of washing the body, the gathering together of loved ones (who may have come from afar), the vigil, the interment of the remains as well as various other occasions for memorial remembrance. As with all aspects of home funerals, families have the right to conduct whatever ceremonies they choose. They may ask their spiritual or religious care providers to lead ceremony or they may seek the services of a professional celebrant. In any case; ceremony is a time and space consciously intended to be apart from ordinary life in which connections between one another and the cycles of life are created.

DISPOSITION ALTERNATIVESThose who are inclined to provide home based post death care tend to seek natural, handcrafted and deeply ecological disposition alternatives. Even families who choose to bury their loved ones in a lawn cemetery may exercise their right to purchase or make the casket, burial shroud or urn that is right for them. An inexpensive cardboard casket that can be decorated by the family is the norm for home funerals, but the alternatives are endless.  Handcrafted, eco‐friendly products are increasingly available. Green burials (where unembalmed remains are buried in biodegradable containers without concrete vaults shallowly in woodland lots in order to speed decomposition and reintegration with the ecosystem) are becoming more popular, as is cremation. While emissions from poor stacks can be harmful for the environment, direct cremation is often inexpensive and compatible with home funerals because families can often deal directly with the crematorium and transport their loved ones remains themselves, possibly remain present for the cremation process, and take the ashes home to be scattered at some special time and place. Home burial requires some legal paperwork but is generally legal in rural areas but not in urban settings. There are other disposition alternatives as well, such as body donation, promession, burial at sea, funeral pyres and sky burial. Some people take comfort in the idea of being eaten by animals on mountaintops, in forests or in oceans where their life energy can be most directly re assimilated. Many people find that when they take the time to really think about it, they do care what happens with their physical remains after they die. Some lean toward preservation while others want to decompose or be burned. It is becoming clear that "traditional burial" in the lawn cemetery is not an ecologically responsible solution for the future, especially considering current demographic shifts.

BEREAVEMENT SUPPORTGrief is a normal, natural and healthy response to the death of a loved one. Many people have the support systems in place to cope with bereavement, but those who do need additional support can turn to grief counselors or other bereavement support providers. Even though the delivery of grief support is part of Hospice Palliative Care mandate in Canada, due to financial and other constraints it is an area that often falls short of meeting needs, especially in rural locations. Families who choose to provide their own home based post death care (as a result of working collaboratively and in community) are usually better prepared to support one another in grief, and the act of participating in home funerals helps to put healthy grief processes in motion. Many grief theorists look to times when there was less cultural denial around death as times when people were better prepared to accommodate death and loss. When dying is institutionalized and death is put away out of sight and undertaken by professionals only, we become alienated from death and less able to cope with grief. When families choose to stay present to death and dying they usually experience an affirmation of life. Children benefit from having death and dying normalized and healthy grief responses modeled rather than kept behind closed doors. So many facets of life have become industrialized, yet when it comes right down to it no professional can do one's grieving for them. Participating in home based post death care is one way to get in touch with grief and to help fulfill loved ones final wishes intimately and within the culture of their family.

“In all of the years that i have been working with wood the most significant pieces have been the caskets and urns i have been asked to build...i work from my heart...and somehow that emanates back out of the end of life vessels in particular...because of the care and intention that i put into my work...perhaps it helps to ease the passage.“

Jan Oosteroff

Cassandra Yonder ‐ North River, Nova ScotiaThanatologist, Educator, Research Assistant, Home Funeral Guide, Grief CounselorBEYOND YONDER DEATH MIDWIFERY ‐ www.deathmidwifery.ca

Michelle Chaban ‐ Toronto, ONDirector, Contemplative End of Life (Thanadoula) ProgramTHE INSTITUTE OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE ‐ www.theinstituteoftraditionalmedicine.com

Debbie Charbonneau ‐Montreal, QuebecDeath Doula; End of Life Shaman, Homeopath, Herbalist, Reiki practitionerDEBBIE THE DEATH DOULA ‐ www.deathdoula.ca

Loraine Johnson ‐ Edmonton, AlbertaMassage & Aromatherapist, Yoga Instructor, Meditation Practitioner, HPC provider, CoachLIFE CYCLES AT INFINITEARTH ‐ www.infinitearth.com

Pashta MaryMoon ‐ Victoria, British ColumbiaDeath Midwife ‐ www.beyonds.caCANADIAN INTEGRATIVE NETWORK FOR DEATH EDUCATION AND ALTERNATIVES ‐ www.cindea.ca

Don Morris ‐ Victoria, British ColombiaEnd of Life Coach and Home Funeral Advocate ‐ www.donmorris.caOutreach Director, GREEN BURIAL COUNCIL ‐ Canada ‐ www.greenburialcouncil.org

Kory Prentice McGrath ‐ OntarioFuneral Director, Home Funeral Guide, Elder Planning Counselor, Doula, Perinatal ServicesREMEMBER NETWORK ‐ www.remembernetwork.ca

BODY CAREThe thought of being in the presence of a corpse is scary for many Canadians, and the idea of making physical contact with someone who has died can be disturbing; however, many of those who have stayed present to care for their loved ones in death by helping to wash and dress their bodies, arrange their surroundings in appropriate ways, assist with transporting them from one location to another, or just to keep vigil until the time of disposition report a sense of peacefulness. There are plenty of communities within Canada and abroad who have always cared for the body after death as is the norm in Jewish and Muslim traditions. To witness families "walking through this door of fear" when they perform body care is one of the privileges of being a home funeral guide. Caring for loved ones in death in such tangible ways is a visceral experience and tends to deepen the understanding that death has occurred, which can of course be extremely painful emotionally, yet simultaneously healing and potentially therapeutic. Accepting the reality of the loss helps people (including children) to go forward in life as well as helping to develop a mature understanding of death. Staying present to help care for those who have died teaches some people to let go of the relationship which was shared with a physical body and to locate and articulate the continuing bonds that transcend death.

AfterWards

Take her not from me.Let it be this handWho wipes the folds of this flesh A final encore to her fading days.With each tender stroke,May her seasoned soul unwind its threads from this mortal coil.With each grieving caress,May her enduring love weave more tightly into the whole of my being.

Take her not from me,Until the last essence of who she was is truly gone,And I have captured only what she left for me In this hand and heart.

Pashta MaryMoon

a "family" includes whomever one defines as their family

presented by beyond yonder deathmidwifery www.deathmidwifery.ca

"I'm 60 years old.  In my 20's and 30's I was a busy embalmer and funeral director who prepared tens of hundreds of bodies. When choosing to work in an emotionally present way I was able to let go into a naturally compassionate and generous state, one I rarely knew.  I learned first hand there is something truly sacred about this work.  Today I advocate for the myriad benefits a family run, home funeral vigil can bring Canadians. It's the way we used to care for our deceased loved ones a century or so back“

Don Morris

NORTH AMERICAN RESOURCES:

THE HOME FUNERAL DIRECTORY ‐ www.homefuneraldirectory.comTHE NATIONAL HOME FUNERAL ALLIANCE ‐ www.homefuneralalliance.orgNATURAL TRANSITIONS ‐ www.naturaltransitionsmagazine.com

Below is what I wrote in Jeremy’s book: 

We’ve seen each other almost daily since we moved to our homestead near to his. We trade fresh goat’s milk for precious organic vegetables. Jeremy helped me to understand why there is no exchange more sacred than this.There was a vitality to Jeremy that might occasionally be misconstrued as arrogance, but to my way of thinking an arrogant man is closed off to change; whereas Jeremy was always, always wide open. He presented his opinions with passion and welcomed argument. He let himself be influenced by the inherent beauty of each moment and thus was alive with a palpable authenticity. I loved Jeremy very much. He felt like my peer and my grandfather all at once. I am left wanting more of his wit, wisdom and unabashed presence.Thank you Jeremy for welcoming us here to this perfect place and supporting us is such important and fundamental ways. Thank you for always being up for participating (which seems to be the way one gets most out of life). Thank you especially for loving the earth so well, and for encouraging the rest of us to love her too.With The Big Bamboo running through my head,

Cassandra Yonder

CANADIAN CONTACTS: