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Terms – Part A A. Book Musical – is a form of theatre combining _______,
________, ______, and _____. The story traces the fortunes of the main characters through a series of adventures with a __________, _________ and _____.
B. Libretto – the _______or _______of an opera or similar extended musical composition.
C. Librettist – the _________ of the Libretto
D. Lyricist – The person who wrote _________ to the songs
E. Composer – The person who wrote the ________________.
F. Score - _____________ music for (a movie, play, television show)
G. Book – The person who wrote the __________/__________ for the show.
Terms – Part B 1. Opera – a drama set entirely to ___________and all text is _________.
2. Operetta - contains scenes with ____________dialogue that alternate with __________
telling a romantic story. It features solos, duets, trios and choral numbers.
3. Musical Comedy – a form of musical entertainment from the 1920s that features a light ___________ story interspersed with ______________music with a silly or far fetched story.
4. Revue – musical entertainment in which _______________ and vignettes alternate with musical numbers. Scene and songs are stand alone and do not have a ____________ ____________line.
5. The American “Book” Musical - musical numbers alternate with spoken scenes; solos, duets alternate with choral numbers; singing alternates with dance numbers; comic songs and scenes alternate with serious songs and scenes/story progresses from one character to another to tell an exciting ______________ ______________with a beginning, middle and end.
Vaudeville = Variety Show Began in the 1880s 8. Cheap and popular ______________
_____________ included all genders and races. If you were “odd” that was fine:
beauty was not a requirement. Focus was on Frivolity, Enthusiasm ,
Absurdity Acts could not take longer than 10
minutes Costume was instantly recognizable 9. Training ground for _____________
______________. Individual performer was the focus
Vaudeville Acts Included – 10. know any 5 of these*
• Female impersonators • Shadowists • Bird Imitators • Hand Cuff Chain and Trunk Acts • Chapeaugraphy • Lightening Calculators • Equilibrists • Clay Modelers • Fancy Diver and Swimmers • Living Picture Models • Statuary Posing • Paper Tearing • Whistlers • Billiardists • Hypnotists • Contortionists • Magicians • Ukulele Players • Acrobats • Knife Throwers • Eccentric Acts • Unicycle
• Hobo Acts (Judy Garland – We’re a Couple of Swells)
• Comedy Cartoonists • Ethiopian Entertainers • Feats of Strength • Electrical Acts • Knockabout acts • Iron Jaw acts • Cornetists • Gun spinners • Trick Pianists • Rolling Globe Acts • Tabloid Plays • Novelty Ladder Acts • Parody Singers • Yodelers • Mind Reading • Knife Throwing • Regurgitators • Dancing Dogs • Jugglers • Children Acts
Vaudeville 11. From the handful of performers which brassy
Broadway belter made the transfer to film and radio?
12. From the handful of performers, whose last name was originally Zimmerman?
Gene Kelly Danny Kay Fred Astair Ginger Rogers Buster Keaton George Burns W.C. Fields Al Jolson Eddie Cantor Jimmy Durante Bob Hope The Marx Brothers Fanny Brice (Funny Girl) Jack Benny Jimmy Cagney Charlie Chaplan Bert Williams (first black performer to be accepted by all
races) Ethel Merman The Andrew Sisters Abott and Costello
Vaudeville ended because of the performers inability to adapt to film and radio.
Minstrel Show Began with Northern white
performers who observed Blacks entertaining themselves and imitated them
13. They put _____________ on their faces and parodied the _________.
Eventually, Black Americans started their own companies but continued to be expected to portray black stereo types set up by the white performers
14. White companies continued to use black stereo types but couldn’t compete with their authenticity or talent
15. Lasted until the ___________ (year)
Burlesque 16. A ______-
style show with _______ overtones.
17. For the majority of the 19th C burlesque included dramatic sketches and songs that __________ other theatrical forms
18. Near the end
of the 19th C it was synonymous with vulgar sketches and “girlie shows” or a __________tease)
Ziegfeld Follies 19. Name the legendary producer and first impresario of the American
Musical ___________________
20. This is a ___________show with several different _____.
21. Grandiose sets and costumes, comedy and ___________.
22. Amalgamation of _________ communities and _________ routines – the entertainment melting pot
23. Glorifying the American girl and her __________ Zigfield Follies: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJpsZvpu6FY Gypsy: Burlesque - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFRSawe33sA
Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over if you just sit there.
Ziegfeld Follies of 1918-20s Started to use Big Named Stars!!!! Marilyn Miller Fanny Bryce Will Rodgers-who became a leader around the country with his
humor & information. Vaudville http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SA6wYvVnq4g Bob hope http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vjXQ-
MRmROQ&feature=related A good example of several acts -
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_SfO30jvReU Vaudville video part 1:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZo4imTt4Og http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PsVQ9e8nWx0&feature=relate
d
George M. Cohan 1878 - 1942 24. 1. Grew up in a __________ performance family
25. Was an innovator who wrote the book, music and lyrics for his own shows in which he also performed.
26. 2. In his musical shows, he gave his songs an American flavour and made his dialogue more realistic than the common musicals of the time. His shows moved toward the “________________”
27. 3. Focused on _____________ subjects and made his ________relate to the story.
28. 4. Wrote the Songs “Give My ___________to ___________” and “__________ Doodle Dandy”
George M Cohan
29. The only individual with a __________ on Broadway
ALWAYS ended with, “My father thanks you, my mother thanks you, my sister thanks you, and I-thank you.”
Born: Israel Isidore Baline Immigrated with his family
from Russia.
Lived in abject poverty
30. Started to sing at age _____ for a living
31. Wrote: “White _________”, “Blue _________”, “Puttin on the ______”, “God Bless America”, “Annie Get Your ______ (1946)”
32. His name was mis-spelled on a poster and he became Irving ___________and he decided it was a good name for an American _________________and he kept it.
The Princess Musicals – 1915- 1919 Named for the Princess Theatre 33. Jerome _________composed 16 Broadway scores
between 1915 and 1919. His musicals used modern, humourous, intimate ,
intimate stories that were more cohesive than previous shows.
Other composers and lyricists were adapting European Operetta to American purposes.
34. ________Hammerstein II (1895 – Aug 23rd 1960) 35. The __________ were extinguished on Sept 1st
1960 at pm on Broadway in memory of his __________.
36. ________ Hammerstein combined the best of operetta and native musical comedy to create the _______and _________for “Showboat” and Jerome ___________composed the musical score.
1920 -1930 Guys Famous for Writing “STANDARDS” Composers
37. Irving Berlin (1888 – 1989) “_____________ __________ ___________ ___________”, “Easter Parade” (wrote his own lyrics)
38. ______________________(1893 – 1964) “I Get A Kick Out of You”, “Night And Day” (wrote his own lyrics)
39. Jerome Kern (1885 – 1945) “____________ _________ ___ _______ _______”, “Who?”
40. ______________Gershwin (1898 1937) “Fascinating Ryhthm”, “Someone To Watch Over Me”, “Embraceable You”
41. Richard Rogers (1902 – 1979) – “__________________”, “Falling in Love with Love”
Lyricists
42. ______Gershwin (1896 – 1983) wrote lyrics for his brother ______________.
43. Lorenz Hart (1895 – 1943)
1920 -1930 Guys Famous for Writing “STANDARDS”
Who wrote what with who:? Collaborations
44. Richard Rogers and _________________________– Oklahoma, South Pacific, The Sound of Music
45. _______ _______ and Lorenze Hart – Pal Joey and Babes in Arms
46. Jerome Kern and Oscar Hammerstein II - _________________
47. Frederick ________and Alan Jay ___________– My Fair Lady, Camelot, Brigadoon
48. John Kander and Fred Ebb – _____________ and Chicago
1920 -1930 Guys Famous for Writing “STANDARDS”
1950s 49. Jule Styne and Stephen Sondheim – Gypsy 50. Leonard Bernstein (1918 – 1990) and Stephen Sondheim (1930 - ) –
_________ _________ ____________
1970s 51. Andrew Lloyd Webber and (lyricist ) _______ _______– Evita, Jesus Christ
Superstar, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dream Coat, Phantom of the Opera, Les Miserable, Cats
52. 43. Elton John and (lyricist) ________ ________– Aida, The Lion King
SHOWBOAT Showboat premiered
on December 27, 1927.
One of a dozen shows to premiere that night.
One of TWO to remain running the following evening.
SHOWBOAT’S IMPORTANCE
53. Music By ________ ______
54. Book & Lyrics by Oscar _________________II
55. Produced by Florenz ____________.
Based on the novel by Edna Ferber
SHOWBOAT’s Firsts 56. First musical where the music
moved the ________ of the play forward.
First musical to have depth to the book.
It was Socially Relevant, 57. Addressed the issue of ________in
the plot; which was not allowed before that time;
Inter-Racial Couple in a primary role; black woman and a white man as well as black workers on the levees of the Mississippi River
58. African-Americans in major
_________.
SHOWBOAT’s Firsts 2
59. First musical to be a ___________; up until that time they were musical-comedies.
60. First _______ musical; it is multi-generational with three generations of one family dealing with love.
61. First musical to inspire more than one __________.
62. First musical to be performed by _________companies.
63. Eliminated the line of __________girls.
Songs from SHOWBOAT
64. Ol’ _______ River
65. Can’t Help Loving Dat ______
Why Do I Love You
Bill
Make Believe
After The Ball-which was a contemporary song that was included into the show to give the production a modern feel.
George & Ira Gershwin
Brothers dedicated to musical theatre 66. Of ____ _I Sing (1931) Political and cultural satire 67. First musical to be awarded a ___________Prize
Porgy & Bess 1935-All African-American Opera/Musical Theatre
68. Gershwin called it a “________ ________”
69. Music by __________ Gershwin
70. Lyrics by ____Gershwin & DuBose Heyward
71. Book by __________ Heyward based on his novel, Porgy.
Incredibly important in breaking down stereotypes.
Porgy & Bess
Famous Songs… 72. “I’ve Got Plenty of Nuttin’”
“Summertime”, “It Ain’t Necessarily So”
“I Love You Porgy”,
“Bess You Is My Woman Now”
OKLAHOMA!
73. Music by:
___________ Rodgers
74. Lyrics & Book by:
Oscar _______________ II
Based on the novel Green Grows the Lilacs, about the founding of Oklahoma.
OKLAHOMA! - 1943
75. First musical to use __________ to move the plot forward.
76. “Dream” __________ moves the show forward.
77. Choreographer – _________ ___ __________
OKLAHOMA!
78. It is considered the first fully ____________ musical. The entire show fuses story, music, lyrics, and dances together with tone, mood and intention.
Oklahoma: Dream Dance with Hugh Jackman: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSGWoXDFM64&feature=related
Original Choreography for the Dream Ballet: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rxzMqbJtlX0&feature=fvsr
Rodgers & Hammerstein Musicals
Oklahoma was the first of a long line of successes for this collaborative pair.
Name two other musicals written by Rogers and Hammerstein
79. _______________- deals with World War II & Racism
80. ____ ________ __ _______ - deals with the Nazis in Austria, a bunch of kids and some nuns.
Lerner & Loewe’s My Fair Lady
81. This is the first Broadway show for actress, __________ _________ before she played a renegade nun!
1956-Very Important the words are meant to be SPOKEN, not
sung
Rex Harrison could not sing
This led later to Rap Music, early rap artists recount hearing this album when they were kids.
1957 WEST SIDE STORY: A modern day Romeo & Juliet
82. Music by __________ Bernstein. 82. Concept by Jerome __________. 82. Book by Arthur __________. 82. Lyrics by Stephen __________. 82. Directed & Choreographed by: _________ ________
Importance of West Side Story
83. _______________relevant-dealing with real issues of racism, immigration, teenagers, gangs
84. First show with Stephen Sondheim who writes : _______________ Very daring for theatre Parents called for the closing of the show and the theaters Now Others can take risks of the show West Side Story, opening scene :
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8R9GiLImSw WWS, Mambo:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kokbJvSEMUY&feature=related Meets Grease – at the dance: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-
Lf9gftFhKY&feature=related
Stephen Sondheim Shows 1959- Gypsy!: music by Jule Styne, book by Arthur
Laurents, lyrics by Sondheim
1963- A Funny Thing Happened On The Way To The Forum-music & lyrics
1970- Company (concept musical about relationships)
1971- Follies - (concept musical about the former starts of Ziegfeld Follies)
1973- A Little Night Music
Sondheim Shows (2) 1975- Pacific Overtures
1979- Sweeney Todd
1984- Sunday In The Park With George
1987- Into The Woods
1990- Assassins
1994- Passion
1996- Getting Away With Murder (play)
2001- Bounce
Fiddler on the Roof: The End of an Era
Opened 1964
Music by Jerry Bock (1928 - )
Lyrics by Sheldon Harnick (1924 - )
Book by Joseph Stein (1912 - )
Choreographed by Jerome Robbins
Three Shows of Importance 60s & 70s 1. Fiddler on the Roof (1964) – music by Jerry Bock, lyrics –
Sheldon Harnick, book – Joseph Stein, choreographed – Jerome Robbins
2. Hair (1967) written by Galt MacDermot and Gerome Ragni. Had no real story line and was the first in a series of very cultural & social musicals… “pop”
And……
3. A Chorus Line- 1975
Music by Marvin Hammlisch
Lyrics by Edward Kleban
Directed by Michael Bennett (1943 – 1987)
3rd Longest Running Show in Broadway history
Symbolized the ascendancy of choreographer/directors like
Jerome Robbins, Bob Fosse and Michael Bennett
1970s The British “Musical” Invasion
Starting in the 19thC with Gilbert and Sullivan
Two British men who were friends
They wrote formal “Mini” operas
All Following a similar theme
Theme of a G and S show:
Young Lovers Meet & are forbidden to marry
Someone complicates their relationship
Several Comic Characters
Must have a “Patter” Song
1970s The British “Musical” Invasion
The Pirates of Penzance - Poor Wandering One (linda ronstadt- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fAFRRYyrx7o
Modern Major General: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSGWoXDFM64&feature=related
The Mikado - Three little Maids: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXWkIZUPmDY&feature=fvwrel
HMS Pinafore
1970s The British “Musical” Invasion
1971 Jesus Christ Superstar
Music by Andrew Lloyd Webber
Lyrics by Tim Rice
Started as a concept album & grew into a major performance and cultural aspect
Very avant-garde & minimalistic
“Rock” Opera- all sung
1979- Evita!
1980 – Cats
1986 – Les Miserable
1987 Phantom of the Opera
1989 – Miss Saigon
They were Spectacle Shows BIG….BIG…BIG!!!!!
Very Technical
Very Expensive Sets & Lighting
Large Casts
Special Effects Heavy
Inspired from the British
Cats in 1982 is the 2nd-longest running show
Other Shows by Andrew Lloyd Webber
1987- Starlight Express
1988- The Phantom of the Opera (Longest running show on Broadway)
1990- Aspects of Love
1992- Joseph & the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat (revivial)
1994- Sunset Boulevard
1998- Whistle Down The Wind
2005- The Woman In White
Other Spectacle Shows Les Miserables- 1987
Epic; Based on the classic novel
Miss Saigon- 1990
Vietnam story
Big shows still in effect, but drop in sales
Revivals rule the 90s, until 1996…
RENT Modern Day Opera based on La Boheme
Brought back cutting edge realism into the theater
Very Minimalistic- low key
The story & characters moved the show, not the special effects
Allowed others to TAKE RISKS!
1996-98 1996-Bring In Da’ Noise, Bring In Da’ Funk- brought
tap back to its roots
1996/7- Chicago (revival)- small & minimalistic
1997- Titanic-big & grand, but with small elements
1998 1998- Ragtime & The Lion King-powerful and
cutting-edge
1998- Cabaret! (revisal)- Change in the classic show; the future?
1999 The Who’s Tommy-1969; just an album…Becomes a
Broadway show in 1991…HOWEVER- it is the 1st Rock Opera
The Focus of 1999 Is A Combination Of Updating The Past…A form of REVISAL You’re A Good Man Charlie Brown
Fosse (Tony Award Winner)
Kiss Me Kate
Annie Get Your Gun
The Music Man
The NEW Century
The Musicals Of 2000 Are Finding New Life In Putting Together Past & Present
Contact- dance show…TONY
The Suessical (flop)
2001-A New Era ?
• The PRODUCERS
• Record # or TONY Awards
• Movie 1st
• The Full Monty
• Also a movie
• Urinetown
• Another Satire
• Sweet Smell of Success-2002
2001-2002
Movies & Rock’n Roll
Thoroughly Modern Millie (TONY)
Hairspray…Destined to be a classic(TONY)
Chicago
ROCK
Mamma Mia (Abba)
MOVIN’ Out (Billy Joel)
POST 9/11-TODAY
Comedies
Avenue Q,
Putnam County
The Drowsy Chaperone
“POP-Sicals”
IMAGINE
JERSEY BOYS
POST 9/11- TODAY
Movies Spam-a-lot
High Fidelity
Revivals
Little Shop Of Horrors
The Pajama Game
Revisals
Sweeney Todd & Company
