History of Africa before Europeans

Unit 1 – AfricaLesson 5 – African History (79-84)

Your Name ______________________________

Period ______________

(TWO DAYS)

Old African Kingdoms

West Africa

• Gold – Salt Trade• Rulers used mines and trade to force unify

– Ghana (500-1100)– Mali (incl. Mansa Musa) (1300-1500)– Songhai (1450-1600)

Eastern Africa

• Trading cities• City-states• Includes Mombasa• Traded with

– China– India– Middle East

Southern Africa

• Gold mines• Zimbabwe • “great stone house”• Traded with China• 1300-1500

The wealth of Ghana

Where did the wealth come from? (p. 80)

Mansa Musa of Mali

What made this guy so exceptional? (p. 80)

European Slave Trade, and European Invasion

What is Freedom?

• What does it look like?

• How do you know if you have it?

• Why is it wrong to NOT have it?

What is Slavery?• What does it look like?

• What does it feel like?

• Why is it wrong?

Portuguese Arrival to Africa

• 1400s – Europeans were looking for a passage to Asia by sea

• Africa was in the way• Portugal founded colonies• Purpose: fueling depots• Grew into trading posts

Portuguese Colonial Empire

Slave Trade

• Slavery was not new to Africa• Africans often captured other

Africans after battle• Portuguese introduced a new

use for captured Africans: ship Africans to work the American plantations

click

Map workUsing the next two maps, answer the following question:1. From what region of Africa most slaves come?

http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_TcU1IJOol8E/S97cKF-mtHI/AAAAAAAAAjQ/ksuO-BaPgLw/s1600/map.slave.trade.jpg

Map work• Using the next map, answer the following

question:2. To what two regions of the Americas did most Africans end up?

Map work• Using the next map, answer the following

question:3. What years had the most movement of Africans to the Americas?

Pie Graph work• Using the next graph, answer the following

question:4. Which 3 nations captured and transported the most slaves to the Americas?

EUROPEAN INVADERS

END DAY #1

How did Africans get to the Americas?1. Captured2. Transported to coast3. Transferred to ship4. THE MIDDLE PASSAGE5. Sold at an auction

The Atlantic

Slave Trade

6m

THE CAPTURE

• Africans were captured, brought to coastal towns

• Marched in chains and ropes for thousands of miles; sometimes iron bands on neck

• Held in small pens for departure

THE MIDDLE PASSAGE• Definition: the transfer to the Americas from Africa on slave

ships• Hundreds were packed into ships as cargo• Journey was 3 weeks to 3 months

• Disease rampant; mistreatment horrible

• Floating coffins – sometimes half would die on voyage

• Suicide, mutinies, death

9m

The IMPACT OF SLAVE TRADE

• Obviously, the lives of slaves were destroyed• Freedom gone• Stripped of humanity• But, what’s left in Africa?

• CHAOS• CORRUPT, IMMORAL AND GREEDY LEADERS• CONTINUES FOR MORE THAN 100 YEARS

8m (show to 3m)

Book WorkLook at the graphs on p. 96.5. What was the 110 year time span when the greatest number of Africans were forced into slavery?

Book Work6. Look at the last paragraph on p. 94 and the next on p. 95. What is meant by ABOLITION?

7. When did Britain end the slave trade?

IMPACT OF SLAVE TRADERead p. 95, paragraphs 3-4 (starting “in some parts…) to show the impact dealing with:8. Wars and tensions:9. Economic life:10.The harvest:

Then read the paragraph on p. 96 on the bottom right. 11. How did Liberia and Sierra Leone form?

Your Opinion

9. Would you have the guts to be an abolitionist? Imagine you are a senator from South Carolina. What pressures would you have to NOT ever end slavery?

EUROPEAN IMPERIALISMLook at p. 95, paragraph #210. Why did the Slave Trade become less popular as Europeans industrialized in the 1800s?