chapter P

Manufactures

P 1-10. Manufactures summary, 1849-1954.

Source: US. Census of Manufactures: 1954, vol. II, part 1,

p. 3.

The basic source of comprehensive data on manufactures

has been the Census of Manufactures conducted by the Bureau

of the Census. The first Census of Manufactures covered 1809.

A census was taken at 10-year intervals thereafter to 1899

(with the exception of 1829), at 5-year intervals for 1904-

1919, and biennially for 1921-1939. The census was sus

pended during World War II, but was resumed for 1947.

Legislation enacted in 1948 provided for a Census of Manu

factures every 5 years, with annual sample surveys authorized

for interim years. The 1954 Census was the first to be taken

as a result of this legislation. Annual Surveys of Manufac

tures were taken for 1949-1953 and 1955-1957.

The reporting units in each census have been establish

ments (series P 1) rather than legal entities or companies.

Conceptually, an establishment is a geographically isolated

manufacturing unit maintaining independent bookkeeping rec

ords, regardless of its managerial or financial affiliations. An

establishment may be a single plant, a group of closely located

plants operated as a unit, or a group of closely located plants

operated by a single company without separate records for

each. The establishment is also the basic unit of industrial

classification, being assigned to an industry on the basis of its

reported product of chief value.

There have been changes in scope from one Census of Manu

factures to another. For "factories and hand and neighbor

hood industries," data for 1849-1899 are for all establishments

with products valued at $500 or more. For "factories, ex

cluding hand and neighborhood industries," data for 1899-

1919 are for establishments reporting value of shipments of

$500 or more; for 1921-1939, for establishments reporting

value of shipments of $5,000 or more, while data for 1947

and 1954 are for establishments employing one or more per

sons at any time during the census year. These changes in

the minimum size limit have not appreciably affected the

historical comparability of the census figures except for data

on number of establishments.

There have also been a number of changes in the definition

of manufacturing industries. Among the more important were

changes in the treatment of "railroad repair shops" and "man

ufactured gas." These industries are included in the figures

for 1899-1933, but excluded for 1935-1954. When the change

results in the omission of an entire industry for which separate

tabulations are available during each census, the adjustments

are usually carried back through the previous censuses.

Employee figures (series P 3-4) for 1939-1954 exclude per

sonnel reported by manufacturing establishments as in distri

bution and in construction work (the 1939 and subsequent

censuses required separate reporting for such employees).

Therefore, the employee figures for earlier years probably are

not strictly comparable with those for 1939-1954. It is

not known how many of the wage earners and the sal

aried employees reported in previous censuses were engaged

in distribution and construction, and how many were engaged

in manufacturing. The figures for "nonproduction employees"

are derived by subtracting the figures for "production and

related workers" from those for "all employees." The cate

gory, "all employees," comprises all full-time and part-time

employees on the payrolls of operating establishments who

worked or received pay for any part of the pay period ended

nearest the 15th of the month or months specified on the

report form. Officers of corporations are included as em

ployees; proprietors and partners of unincorporated firms are,

however, excluded from the total. In recent censuses, em

ployment at separate administrative offices and auxiliary units

is excluded from this category.

There has not been a consistent treatment of employees in

central administrative offices. The latter is defined as offices

which operate one or more manufacturing plants located in

a city or cities other than that in which the administrative

office is located. For the Censuses of 1909-1923, data on

employees in such offices were collected on a separate "ad

ministrative schedule" and were tabulated and included with

those for salaried employees (and, therefore, with all employ

ees) of the manufacturing plants. Thereafter, these data

were collected and tabulated only for the Censuses of 1925,

1929, 1937, and 1954. For the 1947 Census, the data were

collected but not tabulated. The figures for nonproduction

employees (series P 3) for 1925 and 1929 include employees

in central administrative offices. To make the 1937 figure

for nonproduction employees more comparable to the figures

for 1929 and earlier years (except 1927), 130,854 employees

in central administrative offices should be added to the 1937

figure (1937 Census of Manufactures, p. 1652), and to make

the 1954 figure more comparable to the figures for 1929 and

earlier years (except 1927), 474,256 employees in adminis

trative and auxiliary units should be added to the 1954 figure

(U.S. Census of Manufactures: 1954, vol. II, part 1, p. 2).

Production and related workers (series P 4) are defined as

workers (up through the working foreman level) engaged in

fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, stor

age, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping (but not deliv

ering) , maintenance, repair, janitorial, watchman services,

product development, auxiliary production for plant's own use

(e.g., power plant), recordkeeping, and other services closely

associated with these production operations at the establish

ment covered by the report. Supervisory employees above

the working foreman level are excluded from this category.

Decennial estimates of wage earners (production and re

lated workers) excluding hand and neighborhood industries

have been prepared for 1869-1899 by John W. Kendrick and

Maude Pech for the National Bureau of Economic Research.

The following is the estimated number of wage earners for

each of these years: 1869, 1,803,000; 1879, 2,454,000; 1889,

3,562,000; 1899, 4,496,000. This estimate for 1899 differs

from the official Census Bureau estimate (series P 4) by only

one-tenth of one percent. For details of estimating pro

cedure, see John W. Kendrick, Productivity Trends in the

United States, National Bureau of Economic Research, New

York, appendix D (forthcoming).

Figures for "value added by manufacture" (series P 8) are

obtained by subtracting the cost of materials, supplies, con

tainers, fuel, purchased electric energy, and contract work,

from the value of shipments of manufacturing establishments.

This procedure avoids the duplication in the "value of

401

P 11-19 MANUFACTURES

shipments" figures which result from the use of products of

some establishments as materials by others. The "value added

by manufacture" concept should not be confused with "national

income originating in manufacturing," as presented in the na

tional income estimates compiled by the Office of Business

Economics. The latter is obtained by subtracting from the

value of shipments not only the cost of materials, but also

such other costs as depreciation charges, State and local taxes

(other than corporate income taxes), allowance for bad debts,

and purchases of services from nonmanufacturing enterprises

such as services of engineering and management consultants,

advertising, telephone and telegraph expense, insurance, roy

alties, patent fees, etc. It is, therefore, a more "net" concept

of value added than that used in the Census of Manufactures.

Value added by manufacture in 1954, for example, exceeded

national income originating in manufacturing, as estimated by

the Office of Business Economics, by 30 percent.

Robert E. Gallman has prepared estimates of value added

for the census years 1839 to 1879 by adjusting manufacturing

totals to exclude nonmanufacturing industries and by correct

ing for industries omitted from or poorly covered by the

various censuses. These estimates are extrapolations based

on data prepared by Richard A. Easterlin and published in

"Estimates of Manufacturing Activity," Population Redistri

bution and Economic Growth, United States, 1870-1950, vol. I,

by Everett S. Lee, Ann Ratner, Carol P. Brainerd, and Rich

ard A. Easterlin, American Philosophical Society, Philadel

phia, 1957, pp. 635-681. The following are Gallman's esti

mates:

Table I. Value Added by Manufacturing

[In millions of dollars]

YearCurrentprices

Pricesof 1879

1899-. 6,0448,7271,9621,631

815447240

6,2524,1561,9621,078

859488190

18891879 _1869... _186918491839

Source: Robert E. Gallman, "Commodity Output in the United States, 1839-1899,"Studies in Income and Wealth, National Bureau of Economic Research, New York,vol. 24, table A 18 (forthcoming).

P 11. FRB index of manufacturing production, 1919-1957.

Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System,

Federal Reserve Bulletin, April 1958, p. 476.

In the 1953 revision of this index, annual indexes of physical

production based on about 1,400 separate product and industry

series were constructed beginning with 1947. About 62 per

cent of the index is based on figures relating to quantities

produced or shipped; figures on quantities of materials con

sumed by, delivered to, or produced mainly for certain indus

tries account for about 12 percent. The remaining 26 per

cent is represented by estimates based on several types of

data, including deflated value figures and man-hour figures

with adjustments for estimated changes in output per man-

hour. Man-hour figures account for only 4 percent. For

weights and data used and description of method, see Fed

eral Reserve Bulletin, December 1953, pp. 1239-1291. This

series is extended back from 1947 to 1919 on the basis of the

Federal Reserve Board series used prior to 1953 (1935-39=

100) after taking account of new levels established for 1947

relative to 1939 by the Census-Federal Reserve study of

manufactures published in 1952 (see Census of Manufactures :

1947, Indexes of Production). These adjustments were rela

tively small, indicating that the 1947 levels of the old monthly

and annual indexes for these aggregates were fairly accurate.

P 12. NBER index of manufacturing production, 1899-1919.

Source : Bureau of the Census, records.

These data were prepared by extending and shifting the

production indexes originally prepared from Census of Manu

factures data by Solomon Fabricant, National Bureau of Eco

nomic Research. The original data were first presented in

Solomon Fabricant, The Output of Manufacturing Industries,

1899-1937, National Bureau of Economic Research, New York,

1940. These indexes cover only those years for which a

Census of Manufactures was taken. Because of the inade

quacy of data for most groups, no attempt was made to inter

polate between intercensal years. For details of method of

construction, see Fabricant's book, chap. 2 and appendix A.

P 13. Frickey index of manufacturing production, 1860-1914.

Source: Edwin Frickey, Production in the United States,

1860-1914, Harvard Economic Studies, Harvard University

Press, 1947, p. 54.

In the derivation of these indexes, Frickey employed the

weighted arithmetic mean of quantity relatives. With re

spect to weighting, he took the value-added principle as his

standard and conformed to this standard as nearly as possible

with existing data. For details on constituent series, see the

source, appendixes A and B.

Making use of the figures for series P 11-13 and other data,

John W. Kendrick has constructed an index of manufacturing,

with 1929 as the base, for benchmark years 1869, 1879, and

1889, and annually thereafter through 1953. See appendix

table D-II for figures and appendix D for description of this

index in Kendrick's Productivity Trends in the United States,

National Bureau of Economic Research, New York (forth

coming) .

P 14-16. Capital in manufacturing industries, in book value

(NBER), 1879-1953.

Source: Daniel Creamer, Sergei Dobrovolsky, and Israel

Borenstein, Capital in Manufacturing and Mining: Its Forma

tion and Financing, Princeton University Press (forthcoming),

appendix A, tables 8 and 9.

Estimates for 1879-1919 are based on data in various re

ports of the Census of Manufactures. For 1929-1953, the

estimates are based on balance sheet data of corporations

(raised to the level of all firms) published by the Internal

Revenue Service (formerly Bureau of Internal Revenue) in

Statistics of Income. Fixed capital includes land, buildings,

and equipment (all net of depreciation). Working capital in

cludes all other assets, other than investments in securities

(chiefly cash, accounts and notes receivable, and inventories).

Structures and equipment owned by the Federal Government

but operated by private firms are excluded in all years. For

a detailed description of data, adjustments and limitations,

see appendix A, section A, of source.

P 17-19. Capital in manufacturing industries, in 1929 dollars

(NBER), 1879-1953.

Source : See source for series P 14-16.

Figures were derived by dividing the estimates of capital in

book values (series P 15-17) by price indexes of book values

expressed in 1929 prices. The latter are the implicit indexes

derived by dividing the sum of the reported book values of

the 15 major groups comprising all manufactures by the sum

of the book values expressed in 1929 prices of the 15 major

groups. For derivation of the deflators for each of the 15

major groups, see text for series P 30-133.

402

ASSETS—EXPENDITURES—CAPITAL P 20-133

P 20-23. Real net value of assets in manufacturing, in 1947

dollars (Department of Commerce), 1928-1955.

Source: Office of Business Economics, Survey of Current

Business, "Manufacturing Investment Since 1929," November

1956, p. 14.

Estimates are for privately owned structures and equipment

assets in manufacturing establishments, and represent the

undepreciated value remaining in past acquisitions. The lat

ter were derived from the estimates of gross private domestic

investment in newly constructed industrial buildings and pro

ducers' durable equipment that are included in the gross na

tional product estimates of the Department of Commerce.

The outlays on structures were adjusted to benchmarks, based

mainly on expenditures for new plant construction by estab

lishments included in the Census of Manufactures, and were

supplemented by data on business purchases of Government

surplus plant. The manufacturing purchases of equipment re

sulted from applying an allocation percentage to the total

business purchases of each type of producers' durable equip

ment. The expenditures on equipment reported in the Bureau

of the Census 1951 Annual Survey of Manufactures were used

as a benchmark for these equipment purchases estimates.

Purchases of structures and of equipment were converted to

constant (1947) cost by the indexes used to deflate the corre

sponding components of the gross national product.

Depreciation at constant cost has been estimated by apply

ing information on the length of useful lives to the constant

dollar purchases of structures and equipment. Depreciation

was allocated over the useful life by the straight-line method,

which allots an equal amount of depreciation to each year.

Net assets at constant cost were derived by adding up past

purchases, and deducting the accumulated depreciation of these

purchases. The useful life information was drawn largely

from Income Tax, Depreciation and Obsolescence, Estimated

Useful hives, and Depreciation Rates, Bulletin P, Internal Rev

enue Service.

For additional information, see the source.

P 24-29. Capital expenditure for structures and equipment,

1915-1955.

Source: 1915-1929, see Lowell J. Chawner, "Capital Ex

penditures for Manufacturing Plant and Equipment—1915 to

1940," Office of Business Economics, Survey of Current Busi

ness, March 1941, pp. 10-11; 1929-1955, see source for series

P 20-23, p. 9.

For 1929-1955, private purchases of structures and equip

ment for manufacturing establishments were derived from the

estimates of gross private domestic investment in newly con

structed industrial buildings and producers' durable equip

ment that are included in the gross national product estimates

of the Department of Commerce. The outlays on structures

were adjusted to benchmarks, based mainly on expenditures

for new plant construction by establishments included in the

Census of Manufactures, and were supplemented by data on

business purchases of Government surplus plants. The manu

facturing purchases of equipment resulted from applying an

allocation percentage to the total business purchases of each

type of producers' durable equipment. The expenditures on

equipment reported in the Bureau of the Census 1951 Annual

Survey of Manufactures were used as a benchmark for the

equipment purchases estimates.

For 1915-1929, the plant expenditures (series P 25) refer

to buildings (including heating, plumbing, and similar accessory

equipment), and other fixed structures such as vats, blast

furnaces, and docks. The estimates of factory building con

struction are based primarily on F. W. Dodge Corporation

contract awards adjusted upward on the basis of information

from other sources to take care of underenumeration and

regions not covered by the Dodge reports. Estimates of plant

construction other than buildings were derived by allocating to

manufacturing capital a portion of the value of the products

included as reported by the Bureau of the Census. The abso

lute magnitude of this series depends in an important degree

upon allowances for markup and for installation and transpor

tation costs, and allowances for underreporting.

The equipment expenditures (series P 26) refer to movable

equipment, and are based on Census of Manufactures data.

For 1915-1922, allowance was made for underreporting.

Those items not used entirely in manufacturing were allocated

on the basis of data from trade associations and specialists in

the various machinery industries. For 1923-1955, intercensal

year interpolations were made on the basis of a Bureau of

Labor Statistics index of payrolls of industrial machinery

manufacturers. For the intercensal years between 1914 and

1919, estimates were made by using annual reports from five

States. The series was then adjusted for imports and exports,

inventory changes, for the differences between factory costs

and cost to the industrial purchaser, and census under enu

meration.

For 1929-1955, purchases of structures and of equipment

were converted to constant (1947) cost by the indexes used

to deflate the corresponding components of the gross national

product. For 1915-1928, current year estimates were ad

justed for price changes using appropriate indexes of actual

costs of "shop machinery," "shops and engine houses," and

similar items compiled by the Bureau of Valuation, Interstate

Commerce Commission.

P 30-133. Total capital in major branches of manufactures, in

book value and in 1929 dollars, 1879-1948.

Source: See source for series P 14-16, appendix A, table 8.

For the definition of total capital in book values, see text

for series P 14-16.

The general procedure for deflating capital is to derive a

composite index of prices underlying book values of buildings,

machinery and equipment, and working capital for each of 15

major industrial groups. A construction cost index weighted

by volume of construction depreciated over 50 years is used

to represent the changes in the book value of land and build

ings. This component of the composite index is identical for

all 15 groups. For machinery and equipment, a price index

of general machinery and equipment is used for all 15 groups,

but in each group the index is weighted by volume of machin

ery and equipment produced, depreciated according to length

of life typical for a given industry as reported by the Internal

Revenue Service in Income Tax, Depreciation and Obsoles

cence, Estimated Useful Lives, and Depreciation Rates, Bulle

tin F (rev. January 1942). Because of these changing indus

try weights, a different deflator for machinery and equipment

is obtained for each major group. The wholesale price index

of the output of a given major industry is used to deflate

working capital.

These 3 component indexes for each major group were com

bined into a composite price index for deflating total capital

by computing the weighted harmonic mean of the 3 indexes.

The weights used for 1879-1937, inclusive, were the average

relative importance of the components in 1889, 1899, and 1904,

as shown by Census Bureau data. Limited evidence indicates

that there was little change in the relative importance of these

3 asset components from 1879 to 1937. By 1948, there were

significant changes in their relative importance and new weights

were used, based on balance-sheet data reported in Internal

Revenue Service, Statistics of Income, 1948 and 1953 issues,

part 2. The composite index for the major group was also

403

P 134-194 MANUFACTURES

applied to the total capital of minor industries within the

group. For a full derivation of these price indexes, see

source, appendix A, section Bl.

P 134-137. Legal form of ownership of manufacturing estab

lishments, 1899-1954.

Source: 1899, Census of Manufactures: 1905, part I, p. liv;

1904 and 1909, Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910,

Manufactures: 1909, vol. VIII, p. 135; 1914 and 1919, Four

teenth Census of the United States, 1920, Manufactures: 1919,

vol. VIII, p. 108; 1929, Fifteenth Census of the United States,

1930, Manufactures: 1929, vol. I, p. 95; 1939, Sixteenth Census

of the United States, 1940, Manufactures: 1939, vol. I, p. 229;

1947, Census of Manufactures, 1947, vol. I, p. 149; 1954, U. S.

Census of Manufactures: 1954, vol. I, Bulletin MC-204-1, chap

ter IV (processed).

Percentages were computed from figures published in the

various Bureau of the Census reports cited as sources.

P 138-146. Wage earners, by sex, 1869-1919.

Source: 1869-1899, Twelfth Census of the United States,

1900, Census Reports, vol. VII, Manufactures, part I, p. cxxvi;

1899-1904, Special Reports of the Census Office, Manufactures,

1905, part 1, p. lxxi; 1909-1919, Fourteenth Census of the

United States, 1920, Manufactures, 1919, vol. VIII, p. 20.

P 147-168. Indexes of manufacturing production, by industry

group, 1947-1957.

Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System,

Federal Reserve Bulletin, December 1953 and later issues.

As the text for series P 11 indicates, this series is the suc

cessor series to the indexes based on 1935-39=100.

P 169-186. Indexes of manufacturing production, by industry

group. 1899-1954.

Source : Bureau of the Census, records.

See text for series P 12.

For a listing of changes in industry classifications as of

1947, see Census of Manufactures, 1947, Indexes of Production,

footnote to table 1, p. 1. For an annual index of durable and

nondurable production (1899 = 100) for 1860-1914, see text for

series P 13.

P 187. Wheat flour produced, 1860-1956.

Source: 1860-1914, see source for series P 13, pp. 8-9 and

135-139; 1915-1929, Arthur F. Burns, Production Trends in

the United States Since 1870, National Bureau of Economic

Research, New York, 1934, pp. 299 and 339; 1931 and 1933,

Solomon Fabricant, The Output of Manufacturing Industries,

1899-19S7, National Bureau of Economic Research, New York,

1940, p. 395 (data from Census of Manufactures) ; 1935-1956,

Agricultural Marketing Service, Agriculture Handbook No. 62,

Supplement for 1956 to Consumption of Food in the United

States, 1909-52, p. 106.

Reported data in hundred weights converted to barrels

containing 196 lbs. of flour. These estimates are based on

commercial production of wheat flour reported by the Bureau

of the Census. They include flour milled in bond from foreign

wheat plus the estimated flour equivalent of farm wheat ground

for flour or exchanged for flour for farm household use as

reported by Agricultural Marketing Service.

P 188. Refined sugar produced, 1860-1955.

Source: 1860-1914, see source for series P 13, pp. 8-9 and

139-143; 1919-1933, see Solomon Fabricant, pp. 382 and 387,

cited as source for series P 187; 1934-1945, Department of

Agriculture, Agricultural Statistics, 1952, p. Ill; 1946-1955,

Agricultural Statistics, 1956, p. 83.

Figures represent production in cane-sugar refineries and in

beet-sugar factories.

P 189. Coffee imported, 1860-1957.

Source: 1860-1914, see source for series P 13, pp. 8-9 and

143-144; 1915-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, pp. 292-293, cited

as source for series P 187; 1930-1947, Bureau of the Census,

Foreign Commerce and Navigation of the United States; 1948-

1957, same agency, Quarterly Summary of Foreign Commerce

of the United States, for those years.

The data for 1860-1933 are described as net imports (gen

eral imports) minus foreign trade; for 1934-1956, they are

described as imports for consumption minus foreign exports.

However, on duty-free commodities, like coffee, general im

ports equal imports for consumption.

P 190. Canned corn produced, 1885-1957.

Source: 1885-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, pp. 300-301 and

341, cited as source for series P 187; 1930-1951, Department

of Agriculture, Agricultural Statistics, 1952, p. 322; 1952-

1955, Agricultural Statistics, 1956, p. 251; 1956-1957, National

Canners Association, Canned Food Pack Statistics, 1957, p. 16.

A case consists of 24 No. 2 cans. Figures for 1930-1955

are compiled mainly from reports of the National Canners

Association.

P 191. Canned tomatoes produced, 1885-1957.

Source: 1885-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, pp. 300-301 and

341, cited as source for series P 187; 1930-1957, see source

for series P 190.

A case consists of 24 No. 2 cans. The figures for 1885-1929

were published in the unit case of 24 No. 3 cans. They have

been converted to a unit case of 24 No. 2 cans by multiplying

by the factor of 1.707. The conversion factor is taken from

National Canners Association, Canned Food Pack Statistics:

1940, part 1—Vegetables, Washington, D.C., March 1941, p.

19. Figures for 1930-1955 are compiled mainly from reports

of the National Canners Association.

P 192. Fermented malt liquor produced, 1870-1957.

Source: 1870-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, pp. 292-293, cited

as source for series P 187; 1930-1932, Internal Revenue

Service (formerly Bureau of Internal Revenue), records; 1933-

1938, Bureau of the Census, Statistical Abstract of the United

States, 1942, p. 944; 1939-1945, Statistical Abstract, 1946, p.

859; 1946-1952, Statistical Abstract, 195S, p. 810; 1953-1956,

Statistical Abstract, 1957, p. 805; 1957, Statistical Abstract,

1958, p. 796.

The unit "barrel" contains 31 wine gallons. Primary source

of the data is the Annual Report of the Commissioner of In

ternal Revenue. For 1921-1933, only cereal beverages were

permitted to be produced.

P 193. Distilled spirits produced, 1870-1955.

Source: 1870-1929, see Arthur F. Bums, pp. 292-293, cited

as source for series P 187; 1930-1933, Department of Com

merce, Statistical Abstract of the United States, 19S6, p. 787;

1934-1941, Statistical Abstract, 1942, p. 944; 1942-1955, In

ternal Revenue Service (formerly Bureau of Internal Revenue),

records.

The computation of taxable gallons excludes all fractional

parts of a proof gallon less than one-tenth. Figures are for

years ending June 30 and include data for Hawaii; beginning

1928, they also include data for Puerto Rico. Figures for all

years include ethyl alcohol. Primary source of figures is the

Internal Revenue Service (formerly Bureau of Internal

Revenue) .

P 194. Manufactured tobacco and snuff produced, 1870-1957.

Source: 1870-1879, see source for series P 13, pp. 14-15

and 192-193; 1880-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, pp. 296-297,

404

PHYSICAL OUTPUT OF SELECTED COMMODITIES P 195-210

cited as source for series P 187; 1930-1937, Bureau of the

Census, Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1938, p. 802;

1938-1951, Statistical Abstract, 1953, p. 812; 1952-1956, Sta

tistical Abstract, 1958, p. 798; 1957, Statistical Abstract, 1959,

p. 804.

Primary source of the figures is the Annual Report of the

Commissioner of Internal Revenue.

P 195. Cigars produced, 1870-1957.

Source: 1870-1879, see source for series P 13, pp. 14-15

and 189-191; 1880-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, pp. 298-299,

cited as source for series P 187; 1930-1937, Bureau of the

Census, Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1938, p. 802;

1938-1951, Statistical Abstract, 1953, p. 812; 1952-1953, Sta

tistical Abstract, 1955, p. 823; 1954-1956, Statistical Abstract,

1958, p. 798; 1957, Statistical Abstract, 1959, p. 804.

Primary source of the figures is the Annual Report of the

Commissioner of Internal Revenue. For 1870-1953, figures

exclude cigars weighing not more than 3 pounds per 1,000.

P 196. Cigarettes produced, 1870-1957.

Source: 1870-1879, see source for series P 13, pp. 14-15 and

192; 1880-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, pp. 298-299, cited as

source for series P 187; 1930-1957, see sources cited for these

years for series P 195.

Figures represent large and small cigarettes and small cigars

for 1870-1953, excluding those manufactured in bonded manu

facturing warehouses. For 1953-1957, small cigars are ex

cluded.

P 197. Raw cotton consumed, 1860-1957.

Source: 1860-1909, Bureau of the Census, Bulletin 160, Cot

ton Production and Distribution, 1926, p. 49; 1910-1945, Bulle

tin 183, Cotton Production and Distribution, 1946, pp. 26-31;

1946-1949, Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1953, p.

814; 1950-1957, Statistical Abstract, 1958, p. 802.

Data are for years ending August 31 through 1910, July 31

thereafter. Figures are in running bales, except that figures

for 1860-1870 are in equivalent 500-pound bales. Data include

linters for 1909-1957; exclude linters for 1860-1908.

P 198. Wool consumed, 1922-1957.

Source: 1922-1945, Bureau of the Census, Statistical Ab

stract of the United States, 1946, p. 655; 1946-1957, Statis

tical Abstract, 1958, p. 803.

Figures relate to scoured wool plus greasy wool reduced to

a scoured basis, assuming average yields varying with class,

origin, grade, and whether shorn or pulled. For 1946-1957,

includes raw wool consumed in woolen and worsted systems

only. Primary source of the figures is the Bureau of the

Census.

For a series on apparent consumption of all wool, 1870-

1929, see Arthur F. Burns, pp. 296-297, cited as source for

series P 187.

P 199. Unmanufactured silk imports for consumption, 1883-

1957.

Source: 1883-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, pp. 294-295, cited

as source for series P 187; 1930-1931, Bureau of Foreign and

Domestic Commerce, Foreign Commerce and Navigation of the

U. S., vol. I, for respective years; 1932, Bureau of the Census,

Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1940, p. 732; 1933-

1949, Statistical Abstract, 1950, p. 638; 1950-1957, Statistical

Abstract, 1958, p. 887.

Figures are derived by subtracting foreign exports from

general imports of all types of unmanufactured silk. Spun

silk is not included.

For a series on raw silk imports (excluding silk from cocoons

and waste) for 1860-1914, see source for series P 13, pp. 8-9

and 153-155; and for 1870-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, cited

above.

P 200. Packaged rayon and acetate yarns produced, 1911-

1957.

Source: 1911-1955, Textile Economics Bureau, Inc., Textile

Organon—Base Book of Textile Statistics, vol. XXIX, No. 1,

January 1958, p. 15; 1956 and 1957, Textile Economics Bureau,

Inc., records.

Figures represent packaged or baled production ready for

sale or fabrication and exclude staple, tow, waste, and other

rayon and acetate products. Data for rayon relate to man-

made fibers produced by the viscose, cuprammonium, and

nitrocellulosic (discontinued after 1934) processes. Rayon

horsehair and straw are included in the filament yarn figures

for 1952-1957 (for 1940-51, production of these items aver

aged just under 1 million pounds per year). Acetate means

manmade fibers composed of cellulose acetate.

For 1941-1957, figures for rayon and acetate are as actually

reported by the entire industry; earlier data are estimated

totals based on reports obtained from 86 percent or more of

the industry, with adjustments for complete coverage in ac

cordance with information from the Census of Manufactures.

P 201-202. Men's and women's leather shoes produced, 1899-

1954.

Source: 1899-1919, see Solomon Fabricant, cited as source

for series P 187 ; 1921-1945, Department of Commerce, Sta

tistical Abstract of the United States, various issues, 1929-

1946; 1947-1954, Bureau of the Census, records.

Figures represent pairs of leather uppers for men's and

women's shoes. They do not include youths' and boys', misses',

children's, infants', athletic, part leather, or nonleather shoes.

For 1930-1954, figures for men's shoes are not strictly com

parable with earlier years because large quantities of heavy

footwear included with men's shoes for later years were in

cluded with athletic shoes for earlier years.

P 203-207. Steel ingots and castings produced, 1867-1957.

Source: Department of Commerce, Statistical Abstract of the

United States, various issues, 1908-1958.

Primary source of figures is the Annual Statistical Report

of the American Iron and Steel Institute. For 1934-1957, fig

ures include only that part of steel castings made in foundries

producing steel ingots.

P 208. Rolled iron and steel produced, 1885-1957.

Source: 1885-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, p. 300, cited as

source for series P 187; 1930-1957, Bureau of the Census,

Statistical Abstract of the United States, various issues, 1947-

1958.

Primary source of the figures is the Annual Statistical Re

port of the American Iron and Steel Institute. Figures include

rails, plates and sheets, merchant bar and skelp production,

wire rods, and structural shapes.

P 209. Tinplate consumption, 1871-1957.

Source: 1871-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, p. 296, cited as

source for series P 187; 1930-1957, American Iron and Steel

Institute, Annual Statistical Report, various issues, 1932-1957.

Figures include both tinplate and terneplate. For 1871-

1899, figures are for production plus imports; for 1900-1957,

production plus imports minus exports.

P 210. Rails produced, 1860-1957.

Source: 1860-1914, see source for series P 13, pp. 10-11

and 157-158; 1915-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, pp. 294-295,

486910 O - 60 - 27405

P 211-222 MANUFACTURES

cited as source for series P 187; 1930-1957, American Iron

and Steel Institute, Annual Statistical Report, various issues,

1930-1957.

Figures include both iron and steel rails, rerolled rails, and

girder and high T rails. Rails are a component of "rolled iron

and steel" (series P 208). For 1860-1867, figures include pro

duction of iron rails only.

P 211. Structural iron and steel shapes produced, 1879-1957.

Source: 1879-1914, see source for series P 13, pp. 10-11

and 158; 1915-1957, American Iron and Steel Institute, An

nual Statistical Report, various issues, 1927-1957.

Structural shapes are a component of "rolled iron and steel"

(series P 208).

P 212. Common and face brick produced, 1869-1957.

Source: 1869-1899 (decennially), 1904, 1909, 1914, 1919-

1939 (biennially), 1947, and 1954, Census of Manufactures,

reports for various years; 1894-1912, Mineral Resources of

the United States, 1900-1913, various issues; 1913-1956, Bu

reau of the Census, Statistical Abstract of the United States,

various issues, 1925-1958; 1957, Bureau of the Census, Facts

for Industry, series M 32D.

The figures for 1869 and 1879 are for common brick only.

For 1889, 1899, and 1904, the production of "fancy or orna

mental brick" has been added to the production of "face

brick," the reason being that "the best grade of 'face' or

'front' brick appears to have been classified as 'fancy or orna

mental' brick" in these years. Beginning with 1943, common

and face brick are classified as "unglazed" brick.

P 213. Locomotives produced, 1880-1945.

Source: 1880-1929, see Arthur F. Burns, pp. 300-301, cited

as source for series P 187; 1930-1945, American Railway Car

Institute, Railway Age, Annual Statistical and Outlook Num

ber, January 6, 1945, p. 91, and Annual Statistical and Outlook

Number, January 5, 1946, p. 88.

For 1905-1945, Canadian output is included although the

U. S. output is shown separately beginning with 1929 (see,

for example, Railway Age, Annual Statistical Number, Janu

ary 4, 1947). For 1880-1911, locomotives built in railroad

repair shops are excluded. For 1942-1944, figures exclude

locomotives built for U. S. Government and for lend-lease

program.

This series was discontinued when the new traction power

was supplied almost exclusively by Diesel units. A locomo

tive may be composed of one or more Diesel units.

P 214. Railroad freight cars produced, 1871-1957.

Source: 1871-1914, see source for series P 13, pp. 14-15

and 193-196; 1915-1919, American Railway Car Institute,

Railway Age, Annual Statistical and Outlook Number, January

7, 1939, p. 83; 1920-1957, Railway Age, Annual Statistical and

Outlook Number (most recently entitled Review and Outlook),

various issues, 1950-1958.

For 1920-1957, figures represent "freight cars delivered."

For 1871-1919, figures represent domestic production of freight

cars, exclusive of that in railroad repair shops; thereafter,

figures include production in railroad repair shops.

P 215. Railroad passenger cars produced, 1871-1957.

Source: 1871-1914, see source for series P 13, pp. 14-15

and 196-197; 1915-1957, see source for series P 214.

For 1920-1957, figures represent "passenger train cars de

livered." For 1871-1919, figures represent domestic produc

tion of passenger cars, exclusive of that in railroad repair

shops; thereafter, figures include production in railroad repair

shops.

P 216-217. Horse-drawn vehicles produced, 1899-1954.

Source: 1899-1937, see Solomon Fabricant, p. 585, cited as

source for series P 187; 1939-1954, Census of Manufactures,

reports for 1939, 1947, and 1954.

For 1899-1914, figures for farm wagons, trucks, and busi

ness vehicles include patrol wagons, ambulances, handcarts,

and pushcarts; for 1919-1925, they exclude mail carrier

wagons and public conveyances and relate to products made

within the industry (as classified by the Bureau of the Cen

sus) ; for 1927-1954, figures relate to all products made re

gardless of the industry classification of the establishment.

For 1899-1925, figures for carriages, buggies, and sulkies

exclude sulkies ; for 1933, include two-wheeled carts.

P 218. Bicycles produced, 1899-1954.

Source: 1899-1937, see Solomon Fabricant, p. 590, cited as

source for series P 187; 1939-1954, see source for series

P 216-217.

For 1899-1921, figures relate to products made within the

industry (as classified by the Bureau of the Census) ; for

1923-1954, figures relate to all products made regardless of

the industry classification of the establishment.

P 219. Pneumatic tires and casings produced, 1914-1954.

Source: 1914-1937, see Solomon Fabricant, p. 480, cited as

source for series P 187; 1939-1954, see source for series P

216-217.

Figures exclude tires for bicycles and motorcycles.

P 220. Light products of distillation, 1880-1956.

Source: 1880 and 1889, see Twelfth Census of the United

States, vol. X, Manufactures, part IV, p. 685; 1899-1927, see

Solomon Fabricant, p. 517, cited as source for series P 187;

1929-1956, Office of Business Economics, Business Statistics,

1957, Biennial Edition, a supplement to the Survey of Current

Business, p. 173.

These figures relate essentially to the production of gasoline

and naphtha. Figures for 1880-1927 and for 1929-1955 are

not strictly comparable. The figure for 1929 on a basis com

parable with preceding years is 18.4 billion gallons. For

1953-1956, figures for jet fuel are excluded.

The sum of the monthly average production of barrels of

gasoline and naphtha from crude oil and natural gas liquids

is multiplied by 12 to obtain the annual total. The latter is

converted to gallons on the assumption of 42 gallons per bar

rel. The basic source of these data is the Bureau of Mines,

Minerals Yearbook.

P 221. Illuminating oils (kerosene) produced, 1899-1956.

Source: 1899-1927, see Solomon Fabricant, p. 517, cited as

source for series P 187; 1929-1956, see source for series

P 220, p. 172.

Figures for 1899-1927 and for 1929-1956 are not strictly

comparable. The figure for 1929 comparable with the pre

ceding years is 2.34 billion gallons. For 1953-1956, figures

exclude jet fuel.

The monthly average production of barrels of kerosene is

multiplied by 12 to obtain the annual production. The latter

is converted to gallons on the assumption of 42 gallons per

barrel. The basic source of these data is the Bureau of

Mines, Minerals Yearbook.

P 222. Fuel oils produced, 1899-1956.

Source: 1899-1927, see Solomon Fabricant, p. 517, cited as

source for series P i87; 1929-1956, see source for series P

220, p. 171.

Figures for 1899-1927 and for 1929-1956 are not strictly com

parable. The figure for 1929 comparable with the preceding

406

PHYSICAL OUTPUT OF COMMODITIES—CAPACITY OF INDUSTRIES P 223-249

years is 16.4 billion gallons. For 1953-1956, jet fuels are

excluded.

The sum of the monthly average production of barrels of

distillate and residual fuel oil is multiplied by 12 to obtain

the annual total. The latter is converted to gallons on the

assumption of 42 gallons per barrel. The basic source of

these data is the Bureau of Mines, Minerals Yearbook.

P 223. Lubricating oils produced, 1899-1956.

Source: 1899-1927, see Solomon Fabricant, p. 518, cited as

source for series P 187; 1929-1956, see source for series P

220, p. 173.

Figures for 1899-1927 and for 1929-1956 are not strictly

comparable. The figure for 1929 comparable with preceding

years is 1,554 million gallons.

The monthly average of barrels produced is multiplied by

12 to obtain the annual production. The latter is converted

to gallons on the assumption of 42 gallons per barrel. The

basic source of these data is the Bureau of Mines, Minerals

Yearbook.

P 224. Paraffin wax produced, 1880-1956.

Source: 1880 and 1889, see Twelfth Census of the United

States, vol. X, Manufactures, part IV, p. 685; 1899-1927, see

Solomon Fabricant, p. 518, cited as source for series P 187;

1929-1956, see source for series P 220, p. 175.

For 1929-1956, figures are labelled petroleum wax. The

monthly average of barrels produced is multiplied by 12 to

obtain the annual production. The latter is converted to gal

lons on the assumption of 280 pounds per barrel and 7.5

pounds per gallon. The basic source of these data is the

Bureau of Mines, Minerals Yearbook.

P 225. Super-phosphate produced, 1860-1957.

Source: 1860-1954, Department of Agriculture, Statistics on

Fertilizers and Liming Materials in the United States, Statis

tical Bulletin No. 191, p. 43, April 1957; 1955-1957, Bureau

of the Census, Facts for Industries, series M19D-06 and

M19D-08.

P 226. Sulfuric acid produced, 1899-1956.

Source: 1899-1925, Bureau of the Census, records; 1929-

1956, see source for series P 220, p. 119.

Figures are combined totals for sulfuric acid produced by

the contact and chamber processes, including spent acid forti

fied in the contact plants with the simultaneous production of

new acid. Production of Government-owned plants, which was

large during the war period, is not included for that period;

for the most part, this production was available only for mili

tary use. However, for 1954-1956, appreciable amounts of

sulfuric acid produced in Government-owned privately oper

ated plants are included. Figures for 1946-1950 include esti

mates based on annual totals of byproduct operations of a few

smelters reporting to the Bureau of Mines; the estimated

data included vary from 4 percent in 1946 to 2 percent in 1950.

For 1899-1939, figures are based on reports of the Census of

Manufactures; they are shown in those reports on a 50°

Baume basis but are here converted to 100 percent H2S04.

Beginning January 1948, figures are not strictly comparable

with earlier data because of the inclusion of additional plants;

however, the addition of these plants increased the production

of the specified chemical by less than 3.5 percent.

P 227. Soda ash produced, 1890-1954.

Source: 1890, Twelfth Census of the United States, vol. X,

Manufactures, part IV, p. 539; 1899-1937, see Solomon

Fabricant, p. 490, cited as source for series P 187; 1939-1954,

see source for series P 216-217.

P 228. Mechanical refrigerators produced, 1921-1954.

Source: 1921-1937, American Gas Association (gas refrig

erators) , and Business News Publishing Co., Air Conditioning

and Refrigeration News, and McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.,

Electrical Merchandising (electric refrigerators) ; 1939-1954,

see source for series P 216-217.

Figures for 1921-1937 measure sales, not production, of

household refrigerators.

P 229. Reed organs produced, 1899-1935.

Source: See Solomon Fabricant, p. 595, cited as source for

series P 187.

P 230. Pianos produced, 1899-1954.

Source: 1899-1937, see Solomon Fabricant, pp. 597 and 598,

cited as source for series P 187; 1939-1954, see source for

series P 216-217.

P 231. Phonographs produced, 1899-1929.

Source: See Solomon Fabricant, p. 573, cited as source for

series P 187.

P 232. Radios and radio-phonograph combinations produced,

1923-1954.

Source: 1923-1937, see Solomon Fabricant, pp. 573-574,

cited as source for series P 187; 1939-1954, see source for

series P 216-217.

Figures include home receiving sets, automobile sets, and

radio-phonograph combinations.

P 233-249. General note.

Capacity is generally calculated on the basis of full-time

operation of an industry (i.e., 365 days a year, 24 hours a

day). Capacity as of January 1 is generally used as the basis

of computation. Exceptions to these general rules are noted

in the text for each series, where applicable.

P 233. Blast furnaces (pig iron), 1898-1957.

Source: 1898-1915, American Iron and Steel Institute, rec

ords; 1916-1957, same organization's Annual Directory and

Annual Statistical Report, New York, various issues.

Figures include a 6.1 percent deduction from full-time opera

tion to allow for rebuilding, relining, and repairing the equip

ment. Capacity is based on April 1 for 1898; November 1,

1901 and 1907; June 1, 1904; and the average of January 1

and July 1 for 1941-1944 and 1950.

P 234. Steel ingots and steel for castings, 1887-1957.

Source : See source for series P 233.

Figures include a 9.1 percent deduction from full-time opera

tion to allow for rebuilding, relining, and repairing equip

ment, and for holiday shutdowns. Capacity is based on an

average of January 1 and July 1 for 1941-1944.

P 235. Copper refining, 1907-1957.

Source: 1907-1930, Edwin G. Nourse, America's Capacity to

Produce, The Brookings Institution, Washington, D. C, 1934,

p. 557; 1931-1957, American Bureau of Metal Statistics, Year

Book, New York, various issues.

P 236-237. Lead refining, 1921-1957.

Source: American Bureau of Metal Statistics, Year Book,

New York, various issues.

407

P 238-306 MANUFACTURES

P 238. Zinc refining, 1921-1957.

Source : See source for series P 236-237.

Figures are not comparable throughout because of changes

in components. For 1921-1925, figures represent distillation

zinc; 1926-1940, distillation and electrolytic zinc; 1941-1957,

slab zinc. As an alternative source for data, see Bureau of

Mines, Minerals Yearbook, various issues.

P 239. Aluminum ingots, 1889-1957.

Source: 1889-1895, J. D. Edwards, et aL, The Aluminum

Industry, McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., New York, 1930; 1910-

1919, Business and Defense Services Administration, Materials

Survey, Aluminum, 1956; 1927-1938, Surplus Property Board,

Aluminum Plants and Facilities Report, 1945; 1939-1957,

American Bureau of Metal Statistics, Year Book, New York,

various issues.

The general practice in this industry is to rate potline capac

ity on full-time operation. As an alternative source for data,

see Bureau of Mines, Minerals Yearbook, various issues.

P 240. Portland cement, 1910-1957.

Source: 1910-1923, Geological Survey, Mineral Resources of

the United States, annual volumes; 1924-1931, Bureau of

Mines, Mineral Resources of the United States, annual vol

umes; 1932-1957, Minerals Yearbook, annual volumes.

A deduction from full-time operation is taken for estimated

average number of days required for repair or other unavoid

able shutdowns. Favorable labor, fuel, and transportation

conditions are assumed.

P 241. Crude petroleum refining, 1918-1957.

Source: Bureau of Mines, Petroleum Refineries, Including

Cracking Plants in the United States, January 1, 1957, Infor

mation Circular No. 7815, December 1957, Monthly Petroleum

Statement No. 431 (also shown in Minerals Yearbook) .

Capacity is defined as the maximum daily average through

put (converted to an annual basis) of the plant in complete

operation, with allowance for necessary shutdown time for

routine maintenance, repairs, etc. It approximates the maxi

mum daily average crude runs to stills that can be maintained

for an extended period. Capacity is based on November 1 for

1924 and May 1 for 1925.

P 242-243. Coke, 1909-1957.

Source: 1909-1920, see source for series P 235; 1921-1957,

see source for series P 240.

P 244. Carbon black, 1929-1957.

Source : See source for series P 240.

P 245. Sulfuric acid, 1945-1957.

Source: American Chemical Society, Chemical and Engi

neering News, Washington, D. C, July 10, 1945; 1950-1957,

Business and Defense Services Administration, Chemical and

Rubber Industry Report, various issues.

Capacity is based on 350 days a year.

P 246. Phosphatic fertilizers, 1900-1957.

Source: 1900-1951, Agricultural Research Service, Statis

tics on Fertilizers and Liming Materials in the United States,

Statistical Bulletin No.' 191, April 1957; 1952-1957, National

Plant Food Institute, Plant Food Review, vol. 4, Nos. 2 and 3,

1958.

These data are the total of normal superphosphate, concen

trated superphosphate, and miscellaneous phosphatic materials.

Capacity of normal superphosphate is based on 300 two-shift

days a year. Capacity of concentrated superphosphate and

other phosphatic materials is based on 350 days a year, con

tinuous operations.

P 247. Synthetic nitrogen, 1924-1957.

Source: 1924-1950, see source for series P 246; 1951-1955,

Business and Defense Services Administration, Summary Infor

mation on Anhydrous Ammonia, Bulletin No. 142, February

1956; 1956-1957, Business and Defense Services Adminis

tration, records.

Capacity is based on 350 days a year, continuous operations.

P 248. Rayon and acetate fibers, 1911-1957.

Source: 1911, New York Times, Special Chemistry Section,

September 2, 1951; 1936-1957, Textile Economics Bureau, Tex

tile Organon (prior to 1952, Rayon Organon), New York,

various issues.

Capacity is as of November for all years except 1940 (July)

and 1944 (April). Allowance was made for periodic shut

downs of machines for repair, overhaul, or cleaning on a set

time schedule.

P 249. Paper and paperboard, 1900-1957.

Source: American Paper and Pulp Association, The Statis

tics of Paper, New York, December 1957.

Capacity for paper and building paper is based on 310 days

a year, 24 hours a day; for paperboard, 313 days.

P 250-306. Value of output of finished commodities and con

struction materials destined for domestic consumption at

current producers' prices, and implicit price indexes for

major commodity groups (Shaw), 1869-1939.

Source: William H. Shaw, Value of Commodity Output Since

1869, National Bureau of Economic Research, New York, 1947,

pp. 30, 66, and 290.

These estimates are derived from Census of Manufactures

data, supplemented by less complete data for nonmanufactured

finished commodities and construction materials and for inter-

censal year interpolations. The estimates before 1919 are

based necessarily on less adequate information.

The estimates of finished commodities measure the value

of commodities that have reached the form in which they are

used by ultimate recipients—largely households in the case of

consumers' goods, chiefly business and public enterprises in

the case of producers' goods. The amount "destined for do

mestic consumption" is derived as the sum of domestic produc

tion, minus exports, plus imports. In most years and for

most commodities, the differences between domestic produc

tion of finished commodities and finished commodities destined

for domestic consumption were modest. Changes in the latter,

therefore, can be used as an approximate measure of changes

in domestic manufacturing output. For figures on domestic

output of finished commodities at producers' prices for 1919-

1933, see Kuznets, cited above, pp. 136-138 and 348.

The estimates presented here exclude transportation and

distribution costs incurred after the production stage, and

hence are not in terms of prices to final users. Nor do they

measure domestic consumption for they make no allowance

for inventory changes.

Perishable commodities include those usually lasting less

than 6 months; semidurable, those usually lasting from 6

months to 3 years; and durable, those usually lasting more

than 3 years. For a detailed discussion of sources and pro

cedures, see the source, part II for estimates of the value of

output, part III for exports and imports, and part IV for

price indexes.

408

SUMMARY—PRODUCTION INDEXES P 1-13

Series P 1-10. Manufactures Summary: 1849 to 1954

Numberof

establish-

Persons engaged in manufacturing

Proprietors and

firmmembers

Nonpro-duction

employees 1

Production andrelated

(average foryear)

Salaries and wages ($1,000)

Total Salaries Wages

Value addedby

manufacture2($1,000)

Horsepower (1,000)

Primemovers

Motorsrun by

purchased

10

FACTORIES, EXCLUDING HANDAND NEIGHBORHOOD INDUSTRIES

1954

19471989198719851983-1981

1929192719251928 _ ._1921

1919.1914190919041899 _

FACTORIES AND HAND ANDNEIGHBORHOOD INDUSTRIES

18991889_1879186918591849

286,817240,807178,802166,794167,916139,325171,450

206,663187,629183,877192,096192,059

270,231268,436264.810213,444204,754

509.490353,864253,852252,148140,433123,025

197,860188.948

» 123,65599,26881,52172,267

•3,278,264

2,876,079•1,719,101

1,217,1711,058,501'770,314

132,686132,151132,971147,958172,291

249,865258,560272,421225,115

1,290,0371,223,9821.271,0081,280,4881,081,890

1,371,885911,899760,330493,297348,100

380,739457,139

12,373,03011.917,8847,808,2058,569,2317,203,7945,787,6116,163.144

8,869,7057,848,0707,871,4098,194,1706,475,47V

8,464,9166,602,2876,261,7365,181,6604,501,919

5,097,6624,129,3552,732,5962.063,9961,311,246957,059

62,998,32139,695,558

•12,706,102

12,829,7499,564,754

'6,237,800

18.397,8649,451,587

•3,708,587

2,716.8662,253,425'1.297,654

14,284,28218,123,13512,957,70712,996,4609,870,199

12,426,9025,015.9774,105,4702,990,9372,258,664

2,595,5662,209,058

3,399,3633,023.6702,978,0582,847,8362,418,900

2,762,8931,233,655900,257550,086366,080

389,019388,204

44,595,45730,243,9718,997,51510,112,8837,311,3294,940,1466,688,541

10,884,91910,099,4659,979,64910,148,6247,451.299

9,664,0093,782,3223,205,2132,440,8511,892.574

206 , 547820,854947,95.-620,467378,879236,756

116,912,52674,290,47624,487,30425,173,53918,552,55314,007,54018,600,532

30,591,43526,325,39425,667,62424,569,48717,252,776

23,841,6249,385,6228,160,0756,019,1714,646,981

5,474,8924,102,3011,972.7561,395,119854.257463,983

85,579 72 , 783

21,077 28,816

19,328

19,243

21,794

ib,U6

19,43217,85816,39312,6059,633

10,8055,9393,4112,346

8.9653,7071,669428178

183

1 1954 figure is an average based on reported employment totals for payroll periodsnearest the 15th of March, May, August, and November except for seasonal industriesin 1954 when a 12-month average was used. For 1947, figure represents the averageof 12 monthly figures; for 1939 and earlier years, figures represent nonproductionworkers reported for 1 payroll period (usually in October). For treatment of employees of central administrative offices, see text.

• For 1849-1933, cost of contract work was not subtracted from value of products

in calculating value added by manufacture. For definition of value added, see text.• Revised.• Figures for 1939, but not for earlier years, represent figures which have been re

vised by retabulation of returns to exclude data for establishments classified as manu-acturing in 1939 and prior years, but classified as nonmanufacturing beginning with

1947. Value added by manufacture for 1939, prior to revision and on a basis comparable with 1937 and previous years, was $24.7 billion.

• Not revised to exclude data for establishments classified as manufacturing in 1939

and prior years but classified as nonmanufacturing beginning with 1947.■ 1939 figures for "Nonproduction employees" revised on basis of estimates rather

than by retabulation of 1939 reports. Estimates were made in the following manner:For nonproduction employees, by multiplying the retabulated figure for number ofproduction and related workers by the ratio of all employees to production and related workers computed from unrevised 1939 statistics; for salaries and wages, bymultiplying the retabulated wage figure by the ratio for salaries and wages also derivedfrom the unrevised 1939 statistics.

' Excludes data for salaried officers of corporations and their salaries and, therefore, not strictly comparable with figures for other years.

Series P 11-13. Indexes of Manufacturing Production: 1860 to 1957

FRB '(1947-49= 100) Year

FRB i

(1947-49= 100)

NBER ' Frickey »(1947=100) (1899-100)

Year

NBER'(1939-100)

Frickey •

(1899 =100)

13

Year

145144

140127136125121

1139710310090

11013013311088

6657466065

4639

1933.1932 .1931.

1930.1929-1928.1927.1926.

1925.1924-1923-1922-1921.

1920-1919.

1914.1913.1912.1911.

1910-1909.1908.1907.1906.

363039

4858525050

4843453980

8938 34

29

24

192203194162

172166127156152

1905.1904.1903.1902.1901.

1900.1899.1898.1897.1896.

1896.1894.1893.1892.1891.

1890.1889.1888.1887.1886.

1885.1884.1883.1882.1881.

19

15

140121126127111

100100918074

8168707973

7166626057

4747504946

18801879187818771876

18751874187318721871

18701869186818671866

18651864186318621861

1860

1 Federal Reserve Board index of manufactures.' National Bureau of Economic Research, index of physical volume, all manufactur

ing industries.

• Edwin Frickey's indexes of production for manufacture.

409

P 14-29 MANUFACTURES

Series P 14-23. Capital in Manufacturing Industries: 1879 to 1955

[In millions of dollars]

Capital in book value (NBER) Capital in 1929 dollars (NBER) Real net value in 1947 dollars (Dept. of Commerce)

StructuresYear Total Fixed Working Total Fixed Working and

equipmentStructures Equipment Inventories

14 16 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

1965 _ 64,30062,80061,70059,70057,700

38,20032,50032,20031,70081,800

31,10030,40029,60028,00026,400

87,20085,80087,80036.20084.300

1964

1968 '164,868 •69,328 '96.630 '97,245 ' 43,463 '68,7821962

1961

1950 _ 55,50054,20053.10060,50046,900

80,70030,80080,70080,00028,800

24,80023,40022,60020,40018,100

29.00027,10028,50027.60027.600

19491948 - -- 118,394 46,727 67,667 77,982 86,626 41,44419471946

1946 42,90041,30041,50042,20042.400

26,60026,50027,40028.50029,000

16,30014,80014,10013,70013,400

24,10025.70026,60026.00024,000

19441948 - _19421941 -

1940 _ 40,60089,90040,20040,80040,000

28,00027.90028,30028,80028,500

12,60012,00011,90012.00011,600

20,50018,70018,20019.30016,700

19891988. _1987 50.166 28,282 26,884 66,319 25.861 29,4681936,. _

1935 40,10041,00042,10043,30045,200

28.80029,60080,10030,70081,700

11,30011,40011,90012,70013,500

16,20014.70014,10015.50017,800

1984198819821931

1930 - . 46,00045,50048,200

32,10031,60029,900

13,90013,90013,400

19,10018,40017,300

1929 59,072 27,410 81,662 63,022 80,863 32,169

1928

1919 40,28920,78416,93711,688

(')

L

46,09436,78731,66328,295

1914

819091904 5,596 12,316

(')

10,979

1899 » 8,1688,6635,6972,718

(»)4,2282,646

w 17,46218,62611.1574,821

(•)

8,9766,336

1899 « 4,440 9,6515,5631889. 8,061

1879.

1 Includes Arms engaged in shipbuilding which were excluded in other years. 1 Comparable with subsequent years; see text for series P 1-10.1 Not available. 4 Comparable with preceding years; see text for series P 1-10.

Series P 24-29. Capital Expenditure for Structures and Equipment: 1915 to 1955

[In billions of dollars]

Current-year cost Constant-year cost (1947 dollars) 1

Year TotalStructures

Equipment

TotalStructures

Equipment

24 25 26 27 28 29

1955 8 6 3 0 6 6 6 4 2 4 4 01954..- 8 0 2 4 6 6 6 0 1 9 4 11953 8 6 2 < 6 0 6 5 2 0 4 61952 — 8 4 2 6 5 9 6 5 2 0 4 61961. 8 3 2 6 5 6 6 4 2 1 4 4

1950 -. 6 3 1 6 4 6 6 5 1 5 4 0

1949- - 5 7 1 8 8 9 5 1 1 7 8 4

1948 7 1 2 4 4 7 6 5 2 2 4 81947 7 1 2 7 4 4 7 1 2 7 4 41946 6 3 8 1 8 2 7 4 8 6 8 7

1946 8 6 1 0 2 6 4 7 1 5 3 21944 2 2 8 1 9 2 9 5 2 4

1948 1 7 2 1 5 2 8 4 1 91942 2 0 6 1 6 2 8 9 1 91941..- 8 1 1 8 1 8 4 7 2 4 2 8

1940 2 2 7 1 5 3 6 1 6 2 01989 1 5 4 1 1 2 5 9 1 6

1988 1 3 4 9 2 1 8 1 3

1937 2 1 8 1 8 8 6 1 7 1 9

1986 1 S 4 1 0 2 6 1 0 1 61986 1 0 8 8 1 8 6 1 2

Year

193419831932193119301929

1929192819271926

19251924192319221921

192019191918191719161915

Current-year cost

Total

0.9.7.5

1.01.82.9

2.72.82.12.4

8.22.2

2.61.71.1.6

Structures

25

0.8.8.13

.81.6

1.0.9.7.8

.6

.5

.6

.5

.4

1.2.8.9

.5

.8

.2

Equipment

26

0.6.4.4.7

1.01.4

1.81.61.41.6

1.4

1.81.41.01.0

Constant-year cost (1947 dollars) 1

Total

27

6.1

2.72.32.12.4

2.01.72.11.61.8

2.72.12.62.2

1.61.0

Structures

0.8.83.9

1.9

8.0

.9

.76.7

.6

.4

.5

.5

.a

1.0.7

1.0.6.6.3

Figures for 1915-1929 are in 1939 dollars.

410

CAPITAL P 30-133

Series P 30-133. Total Capital in Major Branches of Manufactures, in Book Value and in 1929 Dollars: 1879 to 1948

[In muilons of dollars]

Industry

BOOK VALUE

Total manufacturing.

Pood and kindred products.

Bakery and confectioneryCanned productsMill productsPackinghouse products

SugarLiquor and beveragesTobacco productsOther food products

Textiles and textile jCotton goodsSilk and rayon goodsWoolen and worsted goodsCarpets, floorcovering, tapestries, etc .Knit goodsClothingTextiles, n.e.c. »

Leather products. .Boots and shoesOther leather products.

Rubber products .Tires and tubesOther rubber products.

Forest productsSawmill and planing mill productsOther wood products

Paper, pulp, and products. .

Printing, publishing, and allied industries.

Chemicals and allied substancesFertilizersChemicals proper, acids, etcAllied chemical substances, drugs, oils, etc

Petroleum refining

Stone, clay, and glass products .

Iron and steel productsIron and steel

Metal building materials and supplies.Hardware, tools, etc

Nonferrous metals and products. _Precious metals, products and process*Other metals, products and processes. .

Machinery, excluding transportation <Electrical machinery and equipment; radiosAgricultural machineryOffice equipment, etcFactory; household and miscellaneous machinery .

Transportation <Motor vehiclesLocomotive and railroad equipment.Airplanes

1948 " 1937' 1929' 1919' 1914 » 1909' 1904' 1899' 1899* 1889'

113.394

16.0711,7571.6811,0601,976780

3,1682,3303,302

10,3973,693

483929

3,0182,263

1 ,303710592

1,7911,383361

4,8163.0001,806

3,692

3,984

9,109334

2,6805,917

IS. 363

2,934

13,7969,6212,3091,177

3,401516

2,663

14,6744,8741,745815

6,962

8,3826,006927

1,114

3,681

50,166

8.0691,131820496

1,114599

1,371961

1,577

4,770866441415

199433

1,0361,380

7S1410841

796586209

2,4051,562

843

1,942

2,320

3,537198

1,1252,214

5,814

1,825

6,3834,394

8051,184

2,090247

1,848

4,9791,120

749413

2,697

3,2942,504

610180

1,192

59.072 40,289

8,8811.568853471

1,3861,063

6921,1501,709

7.6871,603

869601262709

1,7581,887

1,167625542

1,088918170

3,8422,6601,182

2,060

2,622

3.942335973

2,634

5,745

2,351

6,2264,155

7561,316

2,194352

1,842

5,8331,514780430

3,159

3,2642,575

578111

2,168

6,272911378802

1,186473782

6051,136

6,2052,145

633868179616

1,447517

1 .523681942

960635325

2,7261,730996

1,195

1,189

2,594312941

1,341

1,170

1,267

5,6714,456

666549

1,484316

1,169

4,700963367167

3,203

2.3261,81649118

1,007

20 . 784

3.668426172380537316

1,016304517

2,8811,03921040311221C633268

743255488

2*8130138

16.937

932193739

745

1,280217390

67a

326

M0

2,836

2,147417273

827196631

2,33189033995

1,507

685426259

583

2.935

295119349378283873246392

2,55093615242997164568204

65*197462

1C2

1,767

1,122645

ni

911122273616

183

BW

2,4111,845840225

7M181524

1,86028225672

1,250

IN184206

1 1 , 588

411

2,23017390

265238221660324259

1,78370211031369107345137

452123329

M

1,174694480

154

454

88469194371

ISS

554

1,5441,185202156

455126329

1,30918319741

888

in29139

8.168

1 ,57611459189189204516112193

1.36652881

2645382

257101

888100235

78

8.663

1 ,64712359

219189204534124195

1,49462881

2645382

350186

868102267

245

872520352

342

45761144252

95

886

87865797

116

86897

263

82487158

24655

17836137

166

:

1.110731379

342

45861145

252

86

851

86*65787

117

38197

284

8248615824

656

1*730137

5.697

1,11939261

203

4851

29287

1 Covers factories having annual production of 85,000 or more.

* Some minor groups are not adjusted for investment in emergency facilities afterdepreciation or intangible assets. Therefore sum of detail does not equal

' Covers factories having annual production of $500 or' Includes custom and neighborhood shops.' N.e.c. represents not elsewhere classified.

411

P 30-133 MANUFACTURES

Series P 30-133. Total Capital in Major Branches of Manufactures, in Book Value and in 1929 Dollars:

1879 to 1948—Con.

[In of dollars]

Industry 1948 ' 3 1937 > 1929 ' 1919' 1914 » 1909 > 1904' 1899' 1899* 1889 < 1879 «

77,982 55,319 63,292 46.094 36,737 31,563 23,295 17,452 18.626 11.157 4.821

10,488 9,180 9,591 7,593 6,515 5,517 4,656 3,598 3,760 1.839 8971,146 1,287 1,693 1,103 757 555 361 256 281 143 501,097 933 921 458 306 224 188 185 135 50 16691 564 509 971 675 656 553 432 500 414 319

1,288 1,267 1,496 1,435 954 711 497 432 432 233 88509 681 1,137 673 561 532 461 466 466 48 50

2,061 1,560 747 947 1,805 1.641 1,378 1,178 1,219 616 2431,520 1,093 1,242 732 540 462 676 256 283 191 722,154 1,794 1,846 1,375 918 737 541 441 445 145 58

6,892 5,638 8,195 6,752 5.163 4,636 3,482 2,876 3,145 2,024 9982,447 1,024 1,709 2,334 1,862 1.702 1,371 1,112 1,112 709 408

521 926 580 376 276 215 171 171 92 32491 641 945 722 780 611 556 656 367 194

820 235 279 195 201 176 135 112 112 78 41616 512 756 561 387 298 209 173 173 92 27

2,001 1,225 1,874 1,575 1,134 1,033 674 541 737 528 1891,493 1,631 2.012 563 480 371 268 213 286 167 108

817 808 1,213 1,411 1.351 1,359 1,066 809 891 640 328445 441 650 538 464 406 290 242 246 222 90371 867 563 873 887 953 776 568 645 418 238

1,422 816 1,131 704 265 139 93 74 74 36 10

1,098 602 954 466 129

287 215 177 238 136

2,934 2,548 4.083 3,155 3,475 3.591 2,662 2,253 2,868 1,950 847

1,826 1,655893

2,827 2,002 2,146 2,280 1,574 1,344 1,889 1.225 5141,099 1,256 1,153 1,329 1,311 1,088 910 979 726 333

2,476 2,062 2,239 1,524 1,246 1,002 670 453 455 200 90

2,571 2,505 2,737 1.556 1,444 1,265 939 801 801 466 144

6,487 3,965 4,221 2,777 2,078 1,531 1,134 869 871 478 206

237 222 359 334 352 205 123 116 116 68 271,830 1.261 1,042 1,007 633 459 347 274 276 159 744,196 2,482 2,820 1,436 1,093 867 664 479 479 251 105

11,188 6.503 6,092 1,380 552 327 254 195 195 151 87

2,128 1,975 2,592 1,676 1,937 1,755 1,138 709 741 408 156

9,645 6,719 6,666 6,735 5,166 4,305 2,886 1,599 1,581 1,143 4726,598 4,625 4,449 5,292 3,911 3,295 2,215 1,208 1,208 830 3831,600 847 809 790 760 607 378 178 160 129 15

816 1,246 1,408 652 497 402 292 213 216 184 73

2,520 2,338 2,364 1,808 1,365 1,203 804 610 646 276 116

379 276 379 384 323 309 223 164 164 103 39

1,960 2,062 1,985 1,424 1,041 894 581 446 481 173 77

10,352 5,286 6,166 5,595 4,293 3,654 2,710 1,917 1,917 1,160 4143,438 1,189 1,600 1,146 718 554 379 180 178 40 I1,226 795 772 437 624 503 408 328 328 302 106

673 438 455 199 175 141 85 50 50 17 10

4,892 2,863 3,339 3,813 2,775 2,466 1,839 1,359 1.361 802 295

5,642 3,672 3,476 2,480 991 567 333 349 337 156 174,016 2,792 2,742 1,936 616 267 57 78 60 4

618 680 616 523 376 299 274 276 276 152 17743 201 118 19

2,420 1,304 2,256 948 896 712 468 340 344 230 89

1929 DOLLARS

Total

Food and kindred products .Bakery and confectionery

Canned productsMill productsPackinghouse productsSugarLiquor and beveragesTobacco productsOther food products

Textiles and textile iCotton goodsSilk and rayon goods..Woolen and worsted goodsCarpets, floorcovering, tapestries, etc.Knit goodsClothingTextiles, n.e.c. 6.

Leather products..Boots and shoesOther leather products.

Rubber products,ubesTires and tub

Other rubber products .

Forest productsSawmill and planing mill products.Other wood products

Paper, pulp, and products

Printing, publishing, and allied industries.

Chemicals and allied >Fertilizers -Chemicals proper, acids, etcAllied chemical substances, drugs, oils, etc.

Petroleum refining

Stone, clay, and glass products.

Iron and steel and productsIron and steelMetal building materials and suppliesHardware, tools, etc - -

Nonferr netalfl and productsPrecious metals, products and processes .Other metals, products and processes

Machinery, excluding transportation equipment.Electrical machinery and equipment; radiosAgricultural machineryOttice equipment, etcFactory; household and miscellaneous machinery

Transportation equipmentMotor vehiclesLocomotive and railroad equipmentAirplanes _ _

Miscellaneous manufacturing _

1 Covers factories having annual production of $5,000 or more.* Some minor groups are not adjusted for investment in emergency facilities after

"normal" depreciation or intangible assets. Therefore sum of detail does not equaltotals.

1 Covers factories having annual production of $600 or more.* Includes custom and neighborhood shops.1 N.e.c. represents not elsewhere classified.

412

OWNERSHIP—WAGE EARNERS—PRODUCTION P 134-168

Series P 134-137. Legal Form of Ownership of Manufacturing Establishments: 1899 to 1954

Production workers,percent in establishments

owned by—

Value added, percentin establishments owned

by-

Production workers,percent in establishments

owned by—

Value added, percentin establishments owned

by-

Year YearCorporations Other > Corporations Other' Corporations Other ' Corporations Other 1

134 135 136 137 134 135 136 137

1954 90.689.489.489.986 6

9.410.610.610.113.4

93.791.992.391.587.7

6 38.17.78.5

12.3

1914 80 375.670.6

19.724.429.4

83 277.271 9

'65 0

16.81947. 1909 22.8

28.1'35.0

1939_ 1904 _1929 1899 C) m1919. _

1 Includes sole proprietorships, firms (partnerships), and other forms of ownership, 1 Based on value of product. Establishments covered include 66,143 establish-mostly cooperative societies. ments not covered by census of manufactures. These establishments produced value

* Not available. of products of $290 million in a total value of product of all manufactures of $11,701

million.

Series P 138 146. Wage Earners, by Sex: 1869 to 1919

[Annual average, except 1869, 1879, and 1889 based on months of operation only]

All wage earners Male Female

Year Total16 yearsand over

Under16 years

Total16 yearsand over

Under16 years

Total16 yearsand over 1

Under16 years

138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146

1919 9,096,372 8,975,453 120,919 7,267,030 7,202,529 64,501 1,829,342 1,772,924 56.4181914 7,036,247 6,914,474 121,773 5,590,907 5,525,108 65.799 1.445,340 1,389,366 55.9741909 6,615,046 6,453,553 161.493 5.252,293 5,163,164 89,129 1,362,753 1,290,389 72.3641904 _ 5,470,321 5,310,422 159,899 m 4,244.538 (') (') 1,065.884 (')1899 > 4.715,023 4,553.747 161.276 m 3,635,236 (") m 918,511 w

1899 < 5,308,406 5,139,823 168,583 m 4,110,527 m

0

c) 1,029,296 m1889 4,251,613 4,130,728 120.885 m

M

3,327,042 w 803,68612

1879 2,732,595 2,550.674 181,921 2,019,035 w(■) 531.639 h

1869 2,053,996 1,939,368 114,628 o 1,615,598 m w 323.770

1 Actually 15 years old and over in 1869, 1879, 1889. 1 Comparable with later years; see text for series P 1-10.J Not available. * Comparable with preceding years; see text for series P 1-10.

Series P 147-168. Indexes of Manufacturing Production, by Industry Group: 1947 to 1957

[1947-49=100)

Durable manufactures

Year

Totalmanu

facturing TotalPrimarymetals

Fabricatedmetal

productsMachinery

Transportationequipment

Instrumentsand

relatedproducts

Stone, clay,and glassproducts

Lumber Furnitureand

fixtures

Miscellaneous

manufacturesand

products

147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157

1957 145144

160159

131138

139136

168171

213199

172166

155158

114 120122

1401441956 123

1955 140127136125121

155187153136128

140 134 155142160147130

203175189154135

149140155142128

149131133125131

127115118111113

119106117113111

141131140

1954 108132116126

123136121122

19531952. 122

1201951

1950 11397103100

11695104101

11590107103

11593104103

11493104103

12010210296

114 11897

11393106101

11796104100

11795

105100

1949 95105100

1948.. 105981947

Nondurable manufactures

Year TotalTextile Apparel

and alliedproducts

Rubberproducts

Leather Paper Printing Chemicalsand allied and and alliedproducts publishing products

Petroleumand coalproducts

Food andbeverage

manufactures

Tobaccomanufactures

millproducts

andproducts

158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168

1957 130129

99104

111112

136133

104104

158159

141 184177

141141

112113

1111956 136 107

1955 126116118114114

10795

104103107

113105110108105

143115128116119

10595999994

152134132120125

127120121116113

167148147137136

135125130123122

109106107105105

105103108110107

1954195319521951

1950. 111 11194105101

10810110297

11992102106

10194100106

11898

11110310398

12110110397

11099

10310099101

10110010199

1949 9910299

1948 10299

104971947

413

P 169-232 MANUFACTURES

Series P 169-186. Indexes of Manufacturing Production, by Industry Group: 1899 to 1954

[1947=100]

Allmanu

facturingindustries

Durable manufactures

YearPrimarymetals

Fabricatedmetal

products

Machinery,except

electrical

Electricalmachinery

Transportationequipment

Stone, clay,and glassproducts

Lumber andfurniture

Instrumentsand miscellaneous1

169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177

1964 1281005758

1031005258

114 11610038

16510035

1891004960

124 1161007269

17810052

1947 1005051

1008788

19391937

1935 _ 4636406649

3927326562

4822306645

6142608988

54421933

1931 579190

19291927

1926 46433034

53622640

50502540

81 93827671

192319211919

1914 29241915

29281814

137

76756974

1909.1904. 5

51899

Nondurable manufactures

YearTextiles and

apparelRubberproducts

Leather PaperPrintingand

publishingChemicals

Petroleumand coalproducts

Food Tobacco

178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186

1964 109 114 90 131 126 164 131 109 108

1947 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

1939 80 55 87 68 69 46 65 65 66

1937 72 61 86 63 73 43 61 61 65

1935. 67 45 79 53 62 85 49 62 66

1933 57 39 68 44 52 29 42 37 48

1981 58 39 142 45 60 30 46 41 511929 67 57 79 52 72 35 54 46 55

1927 63 62 76 46 65 29 45 42 60

1925 58 48 67 40 59 24 40 40 45

1923 56 41 75 36 52 22 34 38 41

1921 43 24 60 26 37 15 30 31 361919 45 30 142 27 39 18 21 32 38

1914 48 64 24 34 15 12 84 29

1909 41 655850

1914

251912

1186

965

282419

242116

1904... 32261899 10

1 Includes ordnance and accessories.

Series P 187-232. Physical Output of Selected Manufactured Commodities: 1860 to 1957

Foods Beverages Tobacco products Textiles

Unmanufactured

Leather goods

Year

Wheatflourpro

duced'

RefinedCoffee

imported

Canned Cannedtomatoesproduced

Fermentedmaltliquorproduced 1

Distilledspiritspro

duced 1

Manufactured

Cigarsproduced

Cigarettes

produced

Rawcotton

Woolconsumed

silkimports

forconsumption

Packagedrayonand

acetateyarns

produced

Men'sleathershoes

produced

Women'sleathershoes

produced

sugarproduced

cornproduced

tobaccoand snuffproduced

consumed

187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202

Mil.661.

(')

Mil.lb.

(')(')

Mil.lb.

1,000cases31,53335,668

1,000cases21,68629,883

1,000661.

1,000tax

gallonsMil.lb.

Millions'5,962'5,830

Millions

'442,328'424,247

I,000bales10,16610,930

Mil.16.

Mil.16.

Mil.16.

1,000pairs

1,000pain

1967 2,7132,776

89,88290,698

no

179186

871.8440.7

8.312.7

714.0Qw 81956. 117.6 750.0

1955 115.6113.5113.9117.0117.6

14,77614,41014,60313,81113,275

2,5692,2342,7672,6652,678

24,07530,61930,98232,32925,576

24,72721,82722,33427,98131,770

89,79192,66190,43489,60188,976

593,982563,496619,456689,256846,388

199204209220227

'6,834•5,882

5,9155.8265,594

'412,309'401,849423 , 129435,616418.872

10,3159,90010,78310,42612,050

413.8380.8494.0466.4484.1

11.08.57.9

865.1706.8886.9828.8958.2

w1964 91,125

98,824100,742104,479

202 .MS186,936183,933169,419

19531962 12.6

7.21951

1950 116.4120.3143.2156.7143.2

14,66513,23512,20213,75310,224

2,4292,9132,7522,4582,664

18,24129,79631,48326,08930,951

21,10821,53724,39327,70923,857

88,80789,73691,29187,85784,978

521,770617,658576,409563,956634,454

235239245242253

5,3995,4635,6455,4885,618

392,025385,046386,916369,763350,132

10,4679,20110,510

634.8600.4693.1698.3737.5

10.54.07.43.2

953.9800.6856.1746.7677.6

102,52697,427104,401106,242106,044

196,186177,962176,545191,683181,351

194919481947 II, 009

10,2181946 16.6

1945 141.1125.4122.8114.6112.7

11,20412 , 16010,6359,63713,437

2,7052,6042,1941,7122,250

28,23725,08928,75532,11826,109

16,75826,09929,26941,25231,759

86,60481,72671,01863,71755,214

1,174,3911,011,763772,267675,482474,054

331807327330342

5,2755,1995,8635,8415,610

332,346323 , 734296,305257,657218,083

11,04911,30812,401

- 12,65811,081

645.1622.8636.2603.6648.0

1.8 623.7655.2501.1479.3461.2

107,742108,537129,345142,976135,804

120,150118.079154,670181.685184,915

194419431942 0.2

25.61941

1940. 110.9114.1111.8109.4111.0

12,09811,74911,90811,68411.181

2,0442,0011,9811,6891,732

15,52414,56720,47023,54114,621

29,53324,46523,13126,23524,414

54,89253,87166,34058,74861,812

887,183346,344351,190482,138449,994

344343346341348

5,2355,1985,0155,8036,172

189,508180,828171,842170,171159,076

8,8457,7096,4638,7697,086

407.9396.5284.5380.8406.1

47.666.367.164.267.6

390.1328.6257.6320.6277.6

102,383103,75396,660102,895103.784

151,944167,697147.755

1939...19881937

1S:S1936

See footnotes at end of table.

414

PHYSICAL OUTPUT P 187-232

Series P 187-232. Physical Output of Selected Manufactured Commodities: 1860 to 1957—Con.

Foods

Wheatflourpro

duced 1

Refinedsugar

produced

187 188

Coffeeimported

Cannedcorn

produced

190

Cannedtomatoesproduced

191

Beverages

Fermentedmattliquorpro

duced 2

Distilledspiritspro

duced :produced

Tobacco products

Manufacturedtobacco

Cigars

194

Cigarettes

produced

195

Textiles

Rawcottonconsumed

196

Woolconsumed

198

Unmanufactured

silkimports

forconsumption

Packagedrayonand

acetateyarns

produced

199

Leather goods

Men'sLeathershoes

produced

Women'sleathershoes

produced

202

Mil.

Mi.

106.4

97.2

~il5~6

123. 61

120.6122.0116.2

117.6118.7114.7113.897.2

130.4122 . 5115.4;116.8118.7

119.2116.0113.6110.8110.8

107.2107.5109.8111.5109.5

105.4104.7111.8109.1108.4

105.8104.0100.396.796.6

93.693.792.592.186.3

83.380.879.579.575.7

74.072.670.867.865.6

64.361.959.856.666.1

54.463.651.349.249.0

47.946.844.944.342.8

42.542.442.542.441.639.8

Mil.lb.

10,89110,25611.132

11,172

12,376

"12;046

12,972

10,868

9,586

~!M78

8,6178,2747,9047,360

7,3176,9866,4796,4516,433

5,6995,9635,4675, 72516,166

4.8584,5784,1074,2413,957

3,9614,2814,0603,8964,069

3,2333,1703,0483,0142,949

2,9122,7322.466!2,3681,940

1,9881,7091,7781,6981,683

1,6421,638

11

526454,418

,196,254,141841886

788565607590978788

Mil.lb.

1,7451,5141,5741,4841,730

1.5851,4751.4471,4191,482

1,2691,3951,3881,2201,304

1,2481,2561,0141,2181,132

1,137975845938796

7971,126926930

844

8591.074940901

1,028

741852781787621

684601535601

674

481534507423

521

684494488484426

896438325349267

360283292289308

272235235220176

12610510194146180

I,000cases

21,471II. 26810,1939.35819,415

15,69217.48714,49710.34719,069

24,32012,13114,10611,4198,843

15,04013,55011,72210,8039,180

10,1249,7897.283

13,10914,301

10.0685,7876,7796,6549,187

18,01911,1634,8614,1915,028;

6,4866,3664,8152,7872,639

2.9923,2784,1843,4172,887

1,6281,7263,4372,2761,675

1,062

1,000

26,98522,37620,46120,36716.341

29,01524,14614.57622,42516,140

83,74721,37026.04519,6956,857

19,40518,45327,11125,73522,433

14,45725,98424,25023,93616,642

15,76418.75019,59522,05114,733

9,61714,53917.33515,8107,227

9,38612,2469,6616,7676,845

6,88810,9717,3375,5026,660

6,2806,0226,6804,7208,921

2,862

I,000

45,229•37,678

'9,7982,7668,137

3,6813,9004,2004,4004,900

6,1004,9005,3006,3009,200

9,20027,70050,30060,80068,600

59,80066,20065,30062,20063,800

59,60056,30058.80058,60054,700

49,60048,30046,70044.60040,600

89,50036,70087,50034,50036,900

38,60033,40034,60081,90030,600

27,60025,10024,70023,10020,700

19,20019,00017,80017,00014,300

13,300II, 10010,2009,8009,900

9,5009,6009,6008,7007,700

6,600

1,000tax

gallons

849,772241,610123,405150,891170,394

197,221203,300170,500186, 60T203,800

167,500137,500124,60082,20087,900

101.300100,800178,800286,100263,800

140,700181,900193,600187,600183,400

163,900139,900133,900174,700150,100

153,300139,500148,200132,800128,600

109,200100,20083,70064,30090,000

81,90092,200

131,000118,400117,800

111,10091,10071,70079,40081,800

76,40076,50076,300107,300119,500

91,40072,90057,30061,40068,600

62,70069,60071,20069,40067,000

72,600

Mil.lb.

343346342347371

372381386396411

414414413420387

418424497483466

442441444435424

447431408388

891

368354|351348

814

801295275297261

274269251274271

268246209226210

207172194159172

146136125123124

124124118112107

102

Millions

4,6854,5264,3004,35,348

5,8946,5196,3736,5196,499

6,4636,5986,9506,7226,726

8,0977,0727,0547,5607,042

6,5997,1747,6727,0447,049

6,8106,6686,4897,8027,148

6,7486,6406,8066,2326,139

6,5664,9104,4594,1364,048

4,0994,1644,8414,6764,422

4,2298,7873,6683,6623,462

3,2943,8733,2328,1182,806

2,5102,2171,9231,8161,776

1,8281,835|1,7551,5781,353

1,183

Million*

140,147180,287115,087106,915117,402

124,193122 , 822109,131100,26092 , 523

82,71278,25667,23956,41362,770

48,09153,86547,62836,32326,203

18,94517,94416,63014,23911,700

9,7827,8806,8336,3455,602

4,4774.1703,9693,6473,603

3,8704,3674,8434,9274,967

4,2383,6213,6613,2823,137

2,6052,4132,2121,8651,607

1,080920844699595

533371210157

118

5935282420,

16

1,000bales

6,0806,4676,8985,5035,977

6,9117,9707,6147,9967,260

6,8526,2177,3126,5495,409

6,7626,2247,6867,6687,279

6,0095,8855,7865,3684,705

4,7995,2414,4934,9744,877

4,6233,9814,1874,0803,604

3,6873,6723,4722,8412,600

2,9842,3002,4162,8472,604

1,6871,8142,0381,8491,866

1,5011,4571,4691,3141,266

1,0981,2131,1161,1471,027

797860844715615

344220287369842845

Mil.

a.

417 5229 fi317 1230 1

811 0

268 2368 1333 2354 1

842 7

849 9342 2422 4

406 5

Mil.lb.

72.460.478.077.687.6

80.685.974.472.765.6

63.150.549.150.144.9

29.344.382.386.082.0

30.826.527.824.720.7

21.522.118.615.616.7

15.416.411.618.612.2

8.111.78.410.04.9

9.17.84.47.87.1

4.66.85.44.84.8

8.98.48.8

.Mil.

».

257.5208.3213.5184.7150.8

127.3121.497.275.662.7

51.036.334.924.116.0

10.18.35.86 55.8

8.92.41.81.10.4

1,000pairs

99,62591,38788,82174,49377,420

77,14794,77090,97095,32886,644

86,64684,663100,28389,98469,458

1,000pairs

145,281133,045180,742113,944112,603

112,629131,303123,763116,269110,447

104,782104,135109,676106,868101,474

95,000 105,000

98,000 80,900

93,900 86,600

83,400 69 , 500

67,700 66,000

See footnotes at end of table.

415

P 187-232 MANUFACTURES

Series P 187-232. Physical Output of Selected Manufactured Commodities: 1860 to 1957—Con.

Year

Primary and fabricated metals

Steel ingots and castings produced

Total

204

Openhearth

205

CrucibleElectricand allother

207

Rollediron and

steelproduced

Tinplattconsumption

Railsproduced

Construction materials

Struc-turul

iron andsteelshapes

produced

Common

and facebrick

produced

Locomotivesproduced

212

Transportation equipment

Railroadfreightcars

produced

214

Railroadpas

sengercars

produced

215

Horse-drawn vehicles produced

Farmwagons,trucks.and

businessvehicles

216

Carriages,buggies.and

sulkies

217

Long

19571956.

1955..19541953.1952.1951

19501949194819471946

19451944.19431942.1941...

1940...1939

19381937.1936..

19351934193319321931

1930.19291928.1927..1926

1925...1924.192319221921.

19201919.19181917.1916

1915..1914...

1913...1912

1911

1910190919081907.1906

190519041903.19021901..

1900189918981897.1896...

1895189418931892.1891

1890...1889..1888...1887...1886.

188518841883.1882..

1881

18801879187818771876

100,638102,871

104,49678,84999,65183,18593,928

86,46069,62379 , 14375,79859,466

71,16280.03779,31876,81473,963

59.80547,14128,34950,56847,767

34.09226,05523.23213,68125,945

40,69956,43351,54444,93548,293

45,39337,93144,94335,60219,783

42,13234,67144,46245,06042,773

32,15123,51331,30031,25123.676

26,09423,95514,02323,36223,398

20,02313,85914 , 53414,94713,473

10,18810,6398,9327,1565,281

6,1144,4124,0194,9273,904

4,2773,3862,8993,3392,562

1,7111,5501,6731,7361,588

1,247935731569533

373

MS

488689535749136

781:s7i277278718

186180814224624

9711

7099917111

866

594289:!47162501

48347.118CI18576.')

5249.19696

926797

9342.12432607680

0.16030874303106

919021247591136

947887978250595

129857857957689

834032995581240

071732410071503

9208795.15692314

335

278977618

191

Longtons

2,2092,882

2,9632,2753,4423,1464,366

Longtons

Long Long

4,0483,5233,7883,7792.971

3,8444,4995,0224.9584,980

3,3112,9991,8803.4493,458

2,8352,1622.4281.5323,023

5,0357,1226,6206,1916,934

6,7235,8998.4845,9194,015

8,8837.2719,37610,47911,059

8,2876,2209,54510,3277,947

9,4129,3306,11611,66712,275

10,9417,8598,5929,1388,713

6,6847,5866.6096,4753,919

4,9093,5713,2154,1683,247

3.6882,9302,5112,9362,269

1,5191,8751,1771,5141,374

1,074829653500469

90,76591,821

94,07071.72089,70873,97083,184

140

854091594140916

713i77,020800 62,7225 16 7.1. ,19

056 68.637194 54,207

034981761414421

226 54,975032 4.1.223

661 25.964927 46.272457 41.536

031357791076446

64,23171,75370,19868.30566,419

459509195727568

962590088298938

30,71523,53120.38111,90722 . 509

35,04948.35244,11338.06840,691

38.03431,57735,89929,30815,589

087|32,671562 26,948216 .14.459960 34, 148

039 31,415

213 23,679846 17 , 174706 21,599901 20,780854|l5,598

77278.1755549

16,50414,4937,83611,549

830 10,980

375140829

868302

770354017315906

128

313686

435417

871204161

088190

410

531345687247

262439771524639

8,9715,9085,8295,6874,656

3,3982,9472.2301,6081,298

1,137784737669579

513374314322218

133117119143131

10050322219

857916

89.1977771035391

097146426315111)

788518039119302

96703630030.1

128

429105672330566

172888

956315979

488350

657983!802

895694391893427

102684931723650

509936729736413

37e|166911729309

115316292671700

182936890889753

23254131.8

069973

376515356341202

851259255349187

7,662,5728,167,469

7.461.7424,853,6206,500.1716,069,5746.377,129

5,3913,377,4.5153,381,2.288

21 322 3

130141,795 32,065 2

914 1831

89.14816

642531681645

1,547

2,2536,6457,7699,03615,493

19,56222.47344,07928,6067,613

72,26563,572115,112126,716129,692

113,78289,869121,226121,51797,653

122,303107,35563,631131,234127', 513

102,23383,391102,434112,77298,513

100,562101,21389,74769,95960,689

67,66651,70263.61384,70972,586

71,17575,86570,27976,87571,973

57 , 59953,27071,83575,97380. 146

64,66450,69638,30936.098

36,163

971426304906111

,086,343.783,659,097.384,548,696,561,836

517,863918,810506.024845,537772.455

541,492361.296421,203241,111410,942

612,599951,431802,260666,0.87651,723

615,512432,526615.872346,039170,444

505,687!387,404511,693305,038169,522

70.93927,63134,01121,16231,949

55,33522,9476,13214,07514,380

8,9639,1909,8048,3865.471

4,8624,9743,8013,0122,394

8584,0812,8064,5484,484

3,7936,1203,6825 . 5942.367

1,6154,5634,9992,6912,720

7,5584,8797,64010,6479,202

I,000longtons

76,68579,718

80,94461,12976,73563 , 704

73,135i

67,13454,35961.77959 . 10945,479

53,40358,75456,51155,755|55,647

43,44734.88221,04436,76633,801

23,96518,97016.73510,45119,176

29,51341.06937,66332.87935,496

33.38728,08633,27726,45214,774

32,34825,10231,15633.06832,380

24,39318,37024,79124,65719,039

21,62119,645II, 82819,86519,588

16,84012,01313,20813,94412,349

9,48710,2948,6137,0025,516

6,1904,6424,9766,1665,391

6,0235,2374,6176,2364,377

3,101

1,000long

4,395i4,391

4,0193,8093,9323,2053,513

3,7042,9093,0312,8002,064

2,0531,9101,5141,8412,779

2.0622,0881,3832,2022,117

1,7521,4191,6741,0001,375

1,5471,7101,5901,4361.534

1.4971,2591,3921.214

687

1,220947

1,2161,2791,009

904887787883737

777665584562622

551524527419476

440420394340280

333289308287329

329331298284258

229216221214183

16815410811290

1,000longtons

1,1681,162

1,0961,0461,7691,3141,655

1,6511.6971,9712,1791,755

2,1582,2241,8991,8711,721

1,4991,172

6231,4461,220

7121.010416403

1,158

1,8732,7222,6472,8063,218

2,7852,4332,9052,1722,179

2,6042,2042,5412,9442,855

2,2041,9453,5033,3282,823

3,6363,0241,9213,6343,978

3,3762,2852,9922,9482,875

2,3862,2731,9811,6481,122

1,3061.0221,1361,5521,307

1,8851,5221,4042,1401,601

9771,0221,2151,5081,647

1,3059947886837851

1,000longtons

7,6746.399

5,6575.0945,8374,7805,668

4,8594,1714,8715,0073,917

3,9884.1754,0855.1935,111

3.7792,9991,8593,2772,898

1,7501.4251,109937

2,062

3,5124,7784,0963,7423,912

3,6043,2843,4052.7191,273

3,3072,6142,8603,1103,030

2,4372,0313,0052,8461,912

2,2672,2761,0831,9402,119

1,661949

1,0961,3001,013

815850702584496

518360387464

Billions

6.668.09

7.906 726.875.896.63

6.335.525 845 14

4.87

Number

276

87

2.291.881.92

(')(»)

(*)4.733.534.193.82

5.117.648.839.479.96

10.049 199.217.325.32

5.645.543.916.628.40

7.717 968.929.379.20

9.9210.618.4010.3810.64

10.369.108.908.938.45

7.498.136.165 605.97

6.36

8.05

3.82

3,2131,4381.1641.0181,107

560.155346615202

20511063123222

1.1341,161

7471,1761,770

1,2852.0363,7851,6341,823

3,6728,2726,4755,4464,075

2,0852.2355.3324,9153,530

4,7552,8872,3427,3626,952

5.4913,4415,1524,0703,384

3,1532,4751,8751,2511,175

1,101695

2,0112,0122,165

2,3001,8602,1802,0441,436

8001,1492,0672,2821,977

1,405

1,000 Number

96 6 70566 6 396

37 5 88636 1 315S3 8 38679 4 11796 0 179

44 2 96495 2 933114 9 89196 2 86160 0 1,337

54 5 93181 8 1,00375 0 68571 4 41881 0 349

64 1 25725 5 27617 1 43478 8 62947 1 191

8 8 20525 3 195

2 2 7

3 3 711.1 6 290

76 7 1.48185 0 2,202

47 5 1,46261 8 1,97591 3 2,800

108 8 2,383115 3 2,491177 7 1,96367 7 1,09645 6 1,159

75 6 903156 8 391108 0 1,572139 6 1,955129 4 1,802

70 1 1,86698 1 3,366

185 7 2,779

126 4 2,818

62 2 3,466

170 8 4,28886 8 2,74968 0 1,637

275 0 5,353

233 4 3,084

163 8 2 . 500

60 8 2,144

152 8 2,007162 6 1,948137 0 2,055

115 6 1,636

119 9 1,805

99 8 69943 6 494

51 2 474

38 1 43017 0 51656 9 1,98698 1 2,195

96 5 1,640

103 .8 1,654

70 6 1.580

71 7 1,45278 0 1,27742 4 953

12 5 81324 s 1,06344 9 2 . 13567 8 1,71173 8 1,188

46 2 68525 6 524

8.74 2117.00 708

8.10 836

1.000 1,000

108

218

52.4 .592

106.2 .900

98.3 1.01

52.8 1.07

27.48 .711

106.31 3.60

112.3 7.63

196.2 21 6

192 8 39 a

66.8 34.4

342.4 216

534 638

588 828

644 937

670 905

See footnotes at end of table.

416

PHYSICAL OUTPUT P 187-232

Series P 187-232. Physical Output of Selected Manufactured Commodities: 1860 to 1957—Con.

Steel ingots and castings produced

Primary and fabricated metalsConstruction materials

Transportationequipment Construc

tionTinplateconsump

tion

Commonand face

Railwayfreightcars

produced

Railwaypassenger

materials,railsYetlr

TotalBessemer

Openhearth

CrucibleElectricand allother

Railsproduced brick

producedcars

produced

Yearproduced

203 204 205 206 207 209 210 212 214 216 210

Long tone Long Ions Long tons Long tons Long tons1,000

long tons1,000

long tons Biffions 1,000 Number1.000

long tone

1875 889,799215,727198,796142,95473,214

335,283171,369152,368107,23940,179

8,0806,2503,1252,6791,785

35,18032,43631.05926.125

11,2566.672

9180978683

708651795893693

9.134.635.698.691.78

185256280387185

1866 385

318299246

1874 1865...

1873 12,2446.911

1864

1872 1863

1871 31,2601862 191

1870 68,75031,25026,78619,648

37,60010,7147,5892,679

1,339893

29,91119,64319,19716,964

554530452413

1861 1701831869 2.80 1860

18681867

Transportationequipment—Con. Refined petroleum products Chemicals produced Miscellaneous

1 Radiosand

radio-phonographcombinationsproduced

Year Bicyclesproduced

Pneumatic

Lightproducts

Illuminatingoils

(kerosene)

Fueloils

Lubricatingoils

Paraffinwax

Superphosphateproduced(100%APA)

Sulfuricacid

Sodaash

Mechanical

refrigerators

produced

Reedorgans

produced

Pianosproduced

Phonographs

producedtires andcasings

of distillation

produced

218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232

Milliont Millions Bil. gal. Bil. gal.

(')

Bil. gal.

(')

Mil. gal. Mil. gal.

(•)

1,000short tons

Millionshort tons

Millionshort tons 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Millions

1967 (')(•)

(>)(')

(?) m 2,4552,241

(')8

«

(•)

(') 8

c)

8 8

«

8

o

1956.. 60.0 5.19 45.88 2,487 200.3 16.0

1966 (>) C) 57.753.053.250.147.9

4.925.14

6.175.566.70

42.9640.2841.0840.9239.70

2,3452,2362,2072,3352,582

197.6197.6185.9161.7179.6

2,2722,2152,1472,1652.044

16.014 414.013.318.4

(') (•)

1964 1.76 87.1 3.62 3,387 151.6 18.17

195319521951

1950 43.040.438.735.332.6

4.984.295.124 644.38

34.6132.1635.5731.9230.21

2,1781,9062,1602,1741,917

166.7119.6131.3135.3112.0

1,9931.8921,9001,8571,567

13 011.411.510.69.2

194919481947 2.88 102.7 3.14 3,975 148.3 21.06

1946

1945 33.531.125.525.629.5

3.403.293.042.833.05

30.1929.4326.4123.3422.33

1,7581,7271,6241,6221,661

108.9107.5100.893.689.2

1,4471,3391,2731,067955

9.59.28.47.86.8

1944194319421941

1940 25.925.723.924 021.7

3.102.882.712.742.36

20.9819.6418.7619.2717.38

1,5441,4721,2951,4831,299

68.561.858.269.463.2

879761685805627

4.8 2.01 1,773 111.2 10.321939 1.25 57.819381987 1.18 53.4 4.9 2.32 2,824 103.1 7.78

1936

1935 0 66 48.8 19.717.817.116.818.6

2.342.262.061.841.78

15.1214.0813.2912.3814.15

1,1701,108998942

1,121

60.062.762.761.463.6

532509463307478

4.0 1.87 1,882 1.69 61.0 6.69

1934

1938 0.32 46.4 1.65 1,160 3.68

19321981 0.26 49.1 3.8 1.51 1,050 1.28 50.9 8.81

1930 18.718.613.411.87.85.4

2.072.352.222.372.241.94

15.6517.9915.414.612.09.75

1.4361.4431,3821,3611.151

949

78.084.294.389.869.558.4

7946.34.94.44.1

1.811.471.371.260.78

8903907518

6

2.703.094.367.777.88

121.1212.2302.5843.8218.3

7551,050642997596

4.981.982.850.19

1929 0.310.260.300.490.22

69.863.658.845.4

1927-19251923 - .--1921 27.8 2.7

1920 863

1919 0.470.300.170.23

32.88.0

4.1 2.311,941 671.36

7.773.731.700.36

822518537315

68.057.547.339.7

8.62.51.71.2

1.030.940.650.52

26.440.564.1113

337.9323.0364.2261.2

2,230614345

1914 1.51909 . .. 0.5

0.31904

1899. 1.11 0.3 1.26 0.31 170 88.7 1.0 0.390.47

107 171.5 151

1890

6i650.075

84.11889 12.1

10.51880 35121

18701860

1 Figures for 1916-1929 are for crop years ending June; all other figures are forcalendar years. The 1914 crop-year figure is 114.2 million barrels. The 1929 calendar-year figure is 120.0 million barrels.

1 Figures are for years ending June 30 and include data for Alaska and Hawaii.s Not available.

4 Includes small cigars.* Excludes small cigars.■ Alcoholic content limited to 3.2 percent by weight from Apr. 7 to Dec. 6, 1933.

7 Includes 1,588,788 barrels produced prior to Apr. 7 (effective date of the act of

Mar. 22, 1933).

417

P 233-249 MANUFACTURES

Series P 233-249. Total Production Capacity of Selected Manufacturing Industries: 1887 to 1957

[In thousands of short tons unless otherwise stated. Capacity is usually rated as of January 1. See text for exception]

1 Lead refining Coke

Blastfurnaces

ateeiingotsandsteelfor

castings '

Copperrefining 1

Smeltersand

Zincrefining ■

Aluminumingots

Portland

cement

Crudepetroleumrefining

Phos-phaticfertilisers '

Syntheticnitrogen

Rayon PaperandSilver-

leadrefineries

By-product

(slottype)

Carbonblack

Sulfuricacid

andacetatefibers

Year (pigiron)

refinersof

Beehive

Missourilead

233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249

Million*1,2-gal.bbU.

1967 86,81886.485

133,459128,363

2,0642,064

560628

268258

1,1611,110

1.7761,589

64,69958.662

3,8308,161

79,96579,676

5,7666,286

1,016990

19,50018,600

4,5504,690

3.7118,631

768750

32,57930,9261956....

1955 88,97182,00179,38078,78272.472

125,828124,330117,547108,688104,230

1,8621,8961,6471,5991,599

628628628628628

268258242238238

1,0811,0941,014995966

1,3881,3111,142846

55.32464,05052,62452,15649,712

8,0742,9232,7882,6772,542

78,59678,25876,42874,22872,488

8,07810,07312,00513,85911,572

966975

1,030942744

17,440

15,97014,56014,22013,410

6424,3298,7203,4323,849

8,1942,4742,0021,9561.593

785826805745708

30,02529.08927,85426.78926,059

1954195319521951 750

1950 71,56070,54267,43965,70967,341

99,98396,12194,23391,24191,891

1,5571.5471,5571,5861,720

628628658658737

238238238238238

986974

1,0001,0001,100

633679676762785

48,00047,32646,36245,08645,108

2,444 78,71074,50072,54971,11371,399

8,6729,0768,8448,4278,095

758736743668663

13,000

10,500

2,896 1.5651,3891,3891,3941,384

641587586511446

25,04823.38922,02520,42020,282

1949 2,3502,2032,0331,940

1948 2,8342,6041947

1946

1945 67,31467,92164,18860,60757,775

95,50593,85490 , 58988,88785,168

1,7201,5951,5631,5611,549

767767767767845

246279

(')861313

1,0841,0971,069950787

7041,164

771891245

44,91545,31946,66946,41647,707

1,9351,8591,7891,8091,722

72,33071,37864,55562 , 56262,220

10,43811,28010.40911,210

(')

472395330313817

2,291 1,8271,191

797455390

19.26018,88018,77218,52216.891

1944 3701948

19421941

1940 55,72456,32656,78265,65756,854

81,61981,82980,18678,14878,164

1,5721,6421,6421,6421,613

851861868809785

817817817317388

1,3131,3461,4131,3681,379

188131144133130

48,14248,07147.98248,03549,240

1,6891,6461,5881,5681,503

62.95561,27262,72762,07662,403

(')(')

313817317261265

1,692 380875370359342

286243188180163

16.55716,19115,67314,45813,986

1989

¥>

o

198819371936

1935 67,09857,24366,51157,94968,979

78,45278,12876,76776,89875.328

1,6241,6241,6121,6121,630

799895823781776

333417417417417

1,4891.4891,4681,4241,447

130 49 389 1,4811,4301,4201,4651,439

62 757 CI 240235227249270

341341

13,88813.72813,72813.97213,643

1934 132 50,645134 51,006132 61,108

63,050 (>)B2 B4K m1933 347

357261

1932 63.49161,468

<»)(•)1931 12.1 SO 7KS

1930 67,85567,38256 , 596.58,70157,288

71.04269,58466,96065,34462,925

1,5281,5201,5201,4901,375

771711711

407407437437437

1,491 1181008382

48.67645,81642,69140,47636,389

1,3741,2811,1861,1171,041

60,16760,35767,85252,66648,184

(s)

(')

263228

1,644 2362121166665

13.70412,93312.53612,00011,623

1929 1,5751,6971,6921,625

192819271926 (')

1925 69,84759,00659,00958,78657,950

65,96264,13763,38363 , 13561,928

1,3351,3181,3481,3481,348

427372372348342

1,4781,4851,4091,4391,439

32,91930,42927,48626,69327,523

1,0421,027

46,80945,05843,76343,85442,821

(') 5554

10,5009.7258,9708.6148,540

1924 m

(>)19281922 770

6891921

1920 56,24955,18263,70151,36860,438

60,22069,17467,08363,91449,266

1,3841,4081,4081,244946

25,20925,86925,70925,13224,402

559478433

38,20033,70025,90021,60018,400

49,30051,00053,00055,00055,000

1,447 7.6717,5007,000

1919 63191819171916

1915 49,73449,72348,448

44,454 889884824747724

45 21,62021,62020,68021,15018,362

16,60015,00012,80010,2008,600

56,30057,20057,90058,90059 , 100

6,440

1914 42,678

191319121911 1

1910 644 17 17,578 W(')

58,20057.100

943 5.293

1909 587581568

1908 36,5451907 34,074

3,858

1904 27,26228,961

26,91923,2761901....

1900 336 2,782

1898 18,124 15,63913,2361896

1895 (')0)1894 10,780

8,33218921891 (l)

«1889 7,1965,8521887

1 From open hearth, Bessemer, crucible, and electric furnaces. 4 Available phosphoric oxide (P«0»).

1 1944-1957 includes electrolytic refining capacity plus Lake Superior and fire- 1 Less than 500 tons,

refined; 1907-1943, electrolytic capacity only.' 1941-1957, slab zinc; 1926-1940, distillation and electrolytic zinc; 1921-1925,

distillation zinc.

418

VALUE OF OUTPUT P 250-306

Series P 250-306. Value of Output of Finished Commodities and Construction Materials Destined for Domestic

Consumption at Current Producers' Prices, and Implicit Price Indexes for Major Commodity Groups (Shaw):

1869 to 1939

[In millions or dollars]

Total,Food and kindred

products

Perishable

Drug,toilet,and

household

preparations

Magazines,newspapers,misc.paper

supplies,etc.

Fuellighting

and

Semidurable

allfinished

commodities

Cigars,cigarettes,

product■

Dry-goodsand

notions

ClothingShoesandother

footwear

House-furnishings

Year TotalManufactured

Non-manu

factured

andtobscco

Manufactured

Non-manu

factured

Totaland

personalfurnishings

250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263

1939 31,27728,15633,66730,258

7781

16.07315,72117,29516.239

5630

5,4904,8525.5914,775

6738

19381937 9,402 3 3,683.0 1.274 1 818 4 601 9 1,335.0 180.6 712 9 3,258.6 828 3 340 1

1936

26,744 7 14,571 7 7,884 » 3,183 6 1,096 4 727 7 527 2 952 2 199 7 4,937 6 576 0 3,039 1 693 4 273 7

1934 23,166 7 12,987 2 4,501 6

1933 18,454 1 10,872 9 5.509 5 2,451 1 910 7 626 0 470 1 707 2 198 8 3,772 8 390 4 2,274 6 597 3 218 2

1932 17.727 X 10,754 9 5.183 0 2,408 1 1.006 8 624 4 492 6 830 6 209 ft 3,526 1 317 5 2,183 4 546 1 187 5

1931 24,243 3 13,431 7 6,730 2 3,133 4 1,154 9 809 0 573 5 740 2 290 5 4,931 4 > 459 4 3,087 9 705 1 256 8

1930_ 31,260 7 16,590 6 8.497 5 3,996 8 1,141 8 891 0 644 B 1,052 2 366 3 6,069 1 574 4 3,767 8 860 3 347 8

1929 37,782 6 18.384 0 9,463 9 4,358 8 1.243 6 984 2 683 9 1.237 8 412 8 7,458 3 791 0 4,516 4 1,081 9 416 ft

1928... 35,892 9 17,911 1 9,111 7 4,466 9 1,168 7 932 3 661 6 1,153 3 416 4 7,383 2 769 1 4,385 8 1,074 9 401 5

1927 34,410 2 17,263 6 8,827 3 4,360 2 1,164 5 851 9 648 4 958 9 452 5 7,390 7 798 6 4,360 2 1,077 6 396 9

1926. _ 35,856 6 17,784 6 9,039 8 4,467 4 1,127 2 783 3 632 8 1,220 7 513 4 7,295 6 803 5 4,186 6 1,073 9 438 1

1925 34,046 8 16,870 5 8,684 0 4,335 8 1,094 4 767 0 615 7 990 1 383 5 7,134 0 816 0 4,149 2 1,044 8 404 8

1924 30,957 7 15,573 6 7,981 3 3,948 0 1,073 2 718 6 563 0 781 3 508 2 6,401 4 700 7 3,743 9 1,061 7 868 4

1923 32,168 5 15,176 0 7,554 6 4,012 9 1,050 :s 698 6 550 7 746 4 562 7 7,230 3 861 9 4.347 4 1,128 2 377 3

1922. 27,393 8 114,059 4 6,837 6 3.843 0 1,002 1 624 C 499 9 888 4 363 9 6,313 9 681 5 3,865 4 993 0 307 1

1921 25,864 0 14,022 9 6,548 7 4,182 4 1,053 0 562 2 474 5 714 9 487 8 5,631 7 607 4 3,345 3 953 ft 277 9

1920 37,285 2 19,236 2 10,301 4 4,696 3 1,195 6 765 6 675 9 1,044 8 556 8 7,872 X 903 6 4,382 8 1,368 2 390 6

1919 ' 34,032 4 ,17,392 4 9.468 2 4,720 2 1,008 4 667 X 439 8 668 4 419 6 7,019 9 806 ft 3,932 9 1,254 2 324 01919 • 33,265 3 117,215 5 9,312 4 4,709 0 1,000 0 660 1 458 7 630 7 444 5 6,770 2 890 9 3,817 9 1,187 6 212 0

1918 29,979 8 15,807 2 8,583 fi 4,280 8 864 0 636 1 445 5 580 7 416 ft 6,076 1 854 H 3,361 1 1,043 2 199 9

1917 24,545 5 13,174 1 6.925 7 3,907 2 629 6 511 5 407 ft 425 7 366 9 4,790 6 620 8 2,622 7 863 4 156 7

1916 18,389 4 9,893 2 5,380 1 2,693 6 522 4 420 7 352 2 262 ft 261 7 3,573 7 461 8 2,025 8 705 5 112 2

1915 13,986 1 8,079 8 4,342 1 2,310 8 478 6 331 0 255 6 141 7 220 ft 2,635 7 317 0 1,533 n 520 8 86 8

1914- 14,054 0 8.296 5 4,484 8 2,380 1 500 9 289 0 254 4 160 4 226 9 2,709 ft 337 8 1,598 l 523 8 90 0

1913 14,632 H 8,230 2 4,441 9 2,315 9 506 8 294 9 243 9 191 3 235 8 2,900 2 348 6 1,721 6 583 8 96 ft

1912. 14,028 0 8.100 8 4,342 8 2,410 6 468 9 289 4 233 6 142 0 214 0 2,754 4 363 2 1,656 7 531 4 85 5

1911 12.749 4 7,491 3 3,980 1 2,235 7 460 4 278 8 211 3 119 1 205 9 2,571 4 326 8 1,560 0 500 8 80 0

1910 ■12,659 2 7,386 0 3,823 5 2,306 1 464 0 266 8 209 9 121 0 194 8 2,417 8 349 ft 1,408 3 486 0 83 0

1909- 11,825 3 6,922 1 3,617 7 2,112 6 430 6 250 3 210 6 124 7 175 8 2.447 () 368 (i 1,459 7 467 9 76 0

1908. 10,191 1 5,988 1 2,974 7 1,915 7 399 8 234 1 156 8 125 8 181 3 2,155 ft 295 ft 1.287 0 452 1 60 1

1907 11,524 a 6,452 7 3,389 7 1,886 9 405 2 249 3 196 7 128 6 196 6 2,310 1 375 ft 1.335 4 454 4 68 2

1906 10,752 ft 5,912 7 3,121 0 1,719 6 398 1 225 4 184 8 102 9 161 3 2.244 2 348 2 1,314 7 448 9 69 5

1905 9,451 o 5,403 6 2.856 7 1,540 0 357 2 215 8 172 5 94 4 167 0 1,925 3 318 3 1 099 7 395 9 65 7

1904 8,734 3 5,167 7 2.601 6 1,614 9 339 2 182 3 159 7 109 2 160 8 1,746 5 285 1 992 6 368 9 52 9

1903 8,702 1 5,012 7 2,516 7 1,518 9 346 0 183 1 154 2 111 5 182 3 1,734 7 302 1 981 8 352 5 53 9

1902 8,227 5 4,764 7 2,403 1 1,519 8 325 1 174 0 151 8 89 7 102 2 1,613 8 298 7 892 8 325 9 53 2

1901 7,782 2 4,620 5 2,365 0 1,420 9 327 9 155 2 134 9 84 7 132 0 1,528 ft 271 1 837 9 327 4 49 4

1900 7,120 8 4,100 8 2,083 9 1,249 1 304 0 136 2 122 3 100 8 105 0 1,465 7 271 9 817 4 289 8 49 8

1899. 6,586 2 3,820 9 1,955 6 1,160 9 267 4 184 6 113 0 87 7 101 8 1,374 4 255 K 743 7 292 9 42 5

1898 5,708 0 3,431 7 1,707 9 1,121 4 226 9 122 4 103 2 63 9 86 0 1,175 8 227 4 608 2 261 9 35 9

1897 5,376 1 3,222 6 1,633 7 1,032 1 197 3 115 6 92 6 62 4 89 0 1,154 (1 232 8 596 8 246 8 35 7

1896... 5,003 4 2,944 () 1,436 2 927 6 193 0 112 7 90 0 92 8 91 9 1,064 6 215 5 549 6 228 9 35 ft

1895. 5,227 2 3,119 1 1,443 7 1,079 0 202 4 111 8 94 1 96 8 92 9 1,114 7 265 7 542 2 236 0 36 41894 4,752 3 2,916 3 1,337 9 1,012 8 218 1 102 9 92 9 61 9 90 3 970 9 209 9 478 1 228 0 32 4

1893 5,500 4 3,314 4 1,555 8 1,182 7 218 6 104 9 98 3 54 0 100 7 1,124 2 259 4 566 9 233 6 35 9

1892. 5,331 8 2,908 K 1,251 4 1,062 8 230 5 104 7 109 8 52 1 98 6 1,255 8 297 2 632 8 263 8 37 0

1891 5,284 3 2,964 9 1,308 6 1,079 2 226 6 97 9 101 2 62 7 88 9 1,196 9 289 8 603 8 244 2 36 3

1890 5,002 2 2,705 8 1,155 5 991 4 215 4 90 1 97 8 75 4 80 2 1.196 0 299 6 588 8 249 8 34 61889... 5,080 4 2.905 7 1,434 8 956 6 202 5 81 6 93 9 59 6 77 2 1,132 9 281 7 560 8 236 1 32 11879 3,441 7 1,996 1 962 9 716 6 119 7 40 4 61 6 89 7 55 6 828 2 263 1 358 2 173 7 16 21869 2,813 8 1.594 2 673 1 699 1 74 7 37 7 30 6 29 4 49 7 665 4 224 5 229 8 185 8 12 8

1 Does not agree with source, which is in error.1 Shaw's estimates for 1869-1919; Kuznets* estimates adjusted by Shaw for 1919-

1939. See source, p. 104, for explanation.1 Agrees with source; however, figures for components do not add to total shown.

419

P 250-306 MANUFACTURES

Series P 250-306. Value of Output of Finished Commodities and Construction Materials Destined for Domestic

Consumption at Current Producers' Prices, and Implicit Price Indexes for Major Commodity Groups (Shaw):

1869 to 1939—Con.

[In millions of dollars]

Semidurable—Con.

Toys,games,and

sporting

goods

264

190 2

95.896.9149.1

182.2214.6200.9182.5177.2

164.2154.6167.1131.1124.1

148.8155.8146.4125 8198.5113.0

73.567.164.059.358.7

54.452.943.360.950.4

46.341.340.137.836.5

29.027.023.424.825.4

26.422.428.426.024.8

23.322.317.013.0

Tiresandtubes

Consumer durable

261.2

215.1

196.7194.5273.4

336 9437.8551.0574.9616.3

555.1382.0348.3335.8323.5

678.9546.6515.4491.3329.1156.1

104.992.786.658.345.5

3623171512

9 35 74.86.66.2

7.812.719.018.19.8

7.9

Total

266

4,973.13,747.35,742.15,158.0

4,256.83,307.22,321.32,047.43,251.9

4,272.66,312.05,936.15,435.86,109.0

5,785.75,034.35,366.74,056.53,270.3

4,899 34.075.63,921.22,646 92,799.02,396.1

1,700.21,570.41,675 11,538.41,339.2

1,331.61,212.81,011.01,178.11 , 129 . 5

954.8826.9825.7786.3718.9

658.7634.3528.9506.5475.2

497.7429.3496.3579.3566.8

538.7499.2304.3262.7

Householdfurniture

267

323.7

226 9205.4333.2

441.4600.4629.3625.5638.2

622.9614.0578 9501.1466.6

620.5509.0494.7329.0300.6271.7

212 3222 5236.7220.5204.1

202.4192.0152.6185.1190.3

160.8142.4139.2129.4118.7

106.9104.189.488.490.2

94.082.4100.2115.0100.5

95.393.465.258.5

Heating

andcookingapparatus,etc.

268

341.0

237.5

147.1123.0206.2

254.2347.3314.2339.4364.3

346.1322.2322.0239.2186.5

345.6242.5263.6216.8194.2142.5

119.4110.5124.9131.5104.1

97.398.884.2101.2103.4

85.873.678.878.670.7

61 959.246.350.745.6

35.531.035.338.939.1

87.988.923.026.4

Electricalhouseholdappliancesand

supplies

269

332 6

217.8

110.382.2

144.4

160.0176.7152.7146.3137.5

106.383.476.358.663.2

82,865.184.567.558.841.2

23.718 822.219.715.7

16.311.87.710.2

8.0

4.78.88.88.22.6

2.41.9

Radios

218 0

167 4

98 0

94 2

164 7

280 6366 0298 7181 5206 7

168 2139 860 826 9

12 2

17 0

14 8

House-furnishings

640.9

Chinaand

household-

utensils

241.6

Musicalinstruments

273

52.0

Jewelry,Bilver-ware,clocks,and

watches

272 6

468 8 204 8 31 6 189 6 131 1 31 0

311 6 150 4 24 1 116 0 92 1 19 1252 0 138 9 35 0 108 6 102 9 18 4878 6 185 9 48 7 178 8 141 5 29 4

402 7 196 4 103 4 263 8 174 8 44 6648 8 274 0 111 9 402 7 192 3 70 3627 6 275 7 148 6 396 8 179 7 67 9584 7 229 8 176 2 387 6 172 1 65 9691 6 271 6 189 8 398 9 155 4 66 4

604 0 240 1 173 6 384 8 149 8 66 4547 1 181 6 178 6 363 9 145 0 57 8600 0 239 0 215 1 388 1 130 7 69 2470 0 167 7 187 7 327 0 124 9 52 6874 6 166 8 166 4 263 1 122 0 51 0

674 a 265 7 264 2 383 2 140 0 78 2430 2 201 7 242 0 427 8 128 2 70 4876 2 230 1 248 8 409 7 127 4 64 2320 1 197 6 144 2 194 9 99 2 62 2288 6 221 7 134 7 219 2 89 8 36 7284 9 160 9 116 2 221 7 76 7 89 6

181 4 126 1 90 2 144 1 73 a 25 9190 7 125 9 91 6 154 6 68 i 26 5209 8 130 2 104 4 196 0 77 8 34 0199 1 122 4 96 2 190 9 66 8 33 9187 6 116 7 81 8 186 1 59 1 86 1

196 7 114 1 77 8 186 1 60 3 32 8184 2 102 9 76 8 175 9 62 9 28 6147 1 93 6 63 0 128 6 53 8 23 6182 8 120 7 87 8 180 9 56 8 27 7185 8 122 6 81 2 174 0 66 9 23 9

156 7 108 7 71 1 144 1 66 7 20 1146 2 91 7 67 7 120 9 53 6 18 9152 6 90 8 65 1 120 6 61 5 15 8146 8 78 6 57 2 117 0 49 2 14 9128 8 73 6 48 8 103 6 47 4 13 1

126 8 69 6 42 4 100 0 44 3 12 0116 6 60 9 34 2 97 1 45 0 12 695 4 52 0 27 8 74 0 40 8 8 896 0 61 0 24 6 63 6 33 7 8 890 6 51 0 22 8 58 6 34 6 9

\

102 6 45 9 27 9 69 2 35 t 8 988 9 39 8 19 9 58 8 28 4 11 1100 1 43 6 23 2 71 7 34 3 12 9112 6 52 9 34 6 90 8 34 9 16 6114 9 51 7 88 0 86 7 33 4 13 9

108 9 49 8 82 9 90 2 83 9 13 497 6 46 4 28 2 74 6 34 7 10 766 7 31 2 14 8 43 8 19 1 7 140 1 26 0 10 8 41 6 8 4 7 7

Printingand

publishingbooks

161 6

Luggage

42 5

■ Shaw's estimates for 1869-1919; Kuznets' estimates adjusted by Shaw for 1919-1939. See source, p. 104, for explanation.

420

VALUE OF OUTPUT P 250-306

Series P 250-306. Value of Output of Finished Commodities and Construction Materials Destined for Domestic

Consumption at Current Producers' Prices, and Implicit Price Indexes for Major Commodity Groups (Shaw):

1869 to 1939—Con.

[In millions of dollars]

Year

1939..1938. .1937..1936..

1935..1934 ..1933..1982..1931..

1930..1929..1928..1927..1926..

1925..1924-1923..1922-.1921-

1920..1919 >.1919 «.1918..1917..1916..

1915.1914.1913.1912.1911.

1910.1909.1908.1907.1906.

1905.1904.

Consumer durable—Con.

Motorvehicleaccessories

278

594 6

463.6

228.2211.9278.1

326.1407.6411.7419.8440.2

337.2355.8243.4169.6

318.4282.6168.085.8120.6104.0

61.049.946.139 326.3

26.921.117.811.37.8

4.82.5

Passengervehicles(horsedrawn)andaccessories

26.4

35.338.881.0

30.536.640.141.645.9

53.349.848.863.862.4

61.257.8

Motorcyclesand

bicycles

280

30.8

7.64.67.7

9.210.612.010.111.9

11.313.016.38.910.2

20.824.019.018.916.716.3

13.316.221.912.09.4

5.4

2.6

Pleasurecraft

281

25.4

14.1

4.89.816.8

24 626.217.417.822.4

15.014.012.16.29.4

8.43 6

4.13 9

4.8

4.44.33.46 14.8

8.83,1

Ophthalmic

productsandartificiallimbs

70.9

50.1

39.182.040.3

48.362.148.749.746 6

46.648.658.548.646.6

67.858.245.071.136.523.9

20.215.512.310.610.9

10.710.59.39 47.9

7.15.6

Monumentsandtombstones

283

21 3

20.825.743.6

54.963 661.061.963.8

66.866.465.647.646.9

82.373.478.460.042.337.9

37.541.042.140.342.4

42.638.440.938.384.5

28.726.7

Producer durable

Total

284

4,740.53,835.15,039.14,085.3

2,978.62,370.71,487.11,399.42,628.3

4,328.26,628.44,662.54,320.24,667.5

4,256.03,948.54,395.52,964.02,939.1

6,277.05,544.55,358.45,449.73.781.82,526.3

1,570.41,477.61,827.3.634.5,847.6

524.2243.4036.5583 5

1,466.1

1,167.3993.2

Industrial

machineryand

equipment

285

1.883.7

1,126.0

577.1526.8938.2

1,457.82,017.21,644.11,476.01,606.6

1,486.41,303.81,510.91,085.2922.8

1,636.81,434.31,440.61,675.81,358.1906.0

536.8460.2548.4517.1476.6

612.4446.9331.2510.9504.6

404327

Tractors

286

133 3

12.615.819.6

95.4121.8104.191.387.4

70.352.163.548.449.6

197.4171.6152.6136.650.725.8

22.716.74.48.1

Electricalequipment,industrialand

commercial

287

673.8

361.2

200.9215.5499.5

722.21,000.1896.0741.2776.4

666.2655.0598.1415.8406.6

567.9460.8365.7339.9325.2253.9

160.2147.0177.1162.1133.5

144.4111.283.2

127.5119.9

84.976.9

Farmequipment

2SX

345.3

78.870.9163.4

338.5386.5356.5340.4355.4

306 5265.9315.5160.7248.1

270.6394.6343.8801.8250.0237.1

205.1187.8202.4187.3168.2

170.6166.6137.7161.6160.5

130.2125.2

Office

andstorema

chineryand

equipment

289

204.9

140 6

78.878.6116.5

165.3217.8213.6201.2200.1

196 4179.2182.0132.4114.0

160.6156.4126.4167.8140.598.8

63.060.955.450.248.8

48.440.127.942.738.8

28.020.3

Officeandstorefurnitureand

fixtures

176.8

111.1

70.374.9

151.7

203.5288.7245.8249.0242.3

286.1229 5201.3136.8115.6

135.1100.386.465.761.351.6

43 350.864.354.348.7

50.148.640.449.150.7

4.3138.2

Locomotiveandrailroad

291

119.1

33.0

13 637.078.0

352.7847.6245.1818.6399 3

353.1481.1635.6265 6313.6

563.3560.7460.9734.0610.6363.4

142.2203.2422.6303 4161.7

203.3127.0187.1351.2299.4

214 3162.7

Year

190319021901

19001899189818971896

18951894189318921891

1890188918791869

Consumer durable—Con.

Passengervehicles(horsedrawn)and

accessories

279

56.758.864.1

50.153.643.640.939.8

45.250.958.563.362.4

60.464.085.135.7

Motorcycles

andbicycles

280

4.26 4

7.7

10.618.927.827.014.9

14.1

1.9

Pleasurecraft

8.68.58.7

2.72.11.41.21.2

1.81.01.41.61.6

1.61.6.9.6

Ophthalmic

productaand

artificiallimba

282

5.85.76.2

4.74.84.84.03.8

8.73.33 33.22.9

2.62.8.8.4

Monumentsandtombstones

25.927.923.2

18.420.317.516.613.4

13.814.911.916.616.7

17.816.27.66.6

Producer durable—Con.

Total

1,129.01,062.7914.3

895.6756.6571.6492.9519.6

495.7435.7566.5587.4566.7

562 2542.6313.1291.0

Industrialmachinery

andequipment

405 9871.8330.3

347.6267.5194.9182.3209.8

193.1157.7184.9196.5185.6

185.6184.598.6110.4

Electricalequipment,industrial

andcommer

cial

287

91 9

80.668.6

68.256.134.324.420.5

20.015.816.622.728.7

21.813.11.9

Farmequipment

120.2152.9110.4

100.699.485.658.446.6

59.358.771.275.475.8

89.083 967.350.0

Office andstore

machineryand

equipment

289

23 921.918.9

19.714.310.69.7

11.6

10.78.69.69.89.0

8.78.23 6

8.1

Office and

storefurniture

andfixtures

290

87.838.630.2

27.224.221.421.822.5

23.721.226.180.126.8

25.825.615.918.6

Locomotiveand

railroad

291

194.6167.8127.4

130.0114.182.167.775.2

58.747.4104.190.987.6

81.587.836.340.8

1 Shaw's estimates for 1869-1919; Kuznets' estimates adjusted by Shaw for 1919-1939. See source, p. 104, for explanation.1 Agreea with source; however, figures for components do not add to total shown.

488910 O - 60 - 28421

P 250-306 MANUFACTURES

Series P 250-306. Value of Output of Finished Commodities and Construction Materials Destined for Domestic

Consumption at Current Producers' Prices, and Implicit Price Indexes for Major Commodity Groups (Shaw):

1869 to 1939—Con.

[In of dollars]

Producer durable—Con.

Shipsandboat*

292

Businessvehicles,motor

293

Businessvehicles(horsedrawn)

Aircraft

295

Professionaland

scientificequipment

296

Carpenters'and mechanics'tools

Misc. sub- 1sidiarydurableequipment

297 298

Construction materials

Total

299

Manufactured

Non-manufactured

Implicit price index (1913 =100)

Perish Semi- Consumer ProducerConstruc

able durable durable durabletion

materials

302 303 304 305 306

'110 6 < 123 1 •92 1 •110 4 159 0•114 6 «122 7 •92 8 •112 8 159 O126 4 132 6 91 9 112 1 167 3

'122 6 '120 6 '90 8 •102 0 152 2

122 4 119 2 93 6 99 6 149.8< 107 8 '120 6 '98 5 '107 6 151.4

95 0 105 0 96 8 104 6 136 096 7 93 6 98 0 112 9 126.8114 1 109 2 99 8 117 2 140.2

185 1 122 0 104 8 125 6 158.4147 4 130 7 106 4 131 1 167.8150 0 131 7 105 4 136 5 165.6146 9 137 4 104 0 138 6 166 6164 8 150 4 98 8 138 4 175.6

164 8 160 0 103 3 136 0 178.5143 5 164 9 108 5 134 8 179.5147 7 177 6 108 2 138 7 190.4141 2 163 2 113 4 135 2 170.7146 5 173 8 139 8 164 6 172.2

218 4 265 6 167 8 181 0 262.0196 5 219 0 134 6 184 1 202.7199 9 212 4 136 4 185 0 202.7181! 8 206 2 121 9 175 7 174.5161 1 161 0 100 8 145 5 154 9120 6 117 6 90 4 120 5 119.0

108 7 96 6 90 8 106 4 94.6101 4 96 6 94 4 100 3 93.1100 0 100 0 100 0 100 0 100.0102 8 98 6 66 2 97 6 97.996 2 97 4 96 8 99 1 97.0

100 0 100 9 93 6 95 3 97.696 9 99 3 90 4 94 3 94.892 3 96 0 96 6 89 3 93 389 7 102 6 97 7 93 6 101.084 9 98 2 89 1 90 6 96.6

88 9 90 6 85 8 89 7 87.085 5 86 0 83 5 88 8 81.783 3 86 0 82 7 86 2 84.584 1 83 5 79 9 89 7 82.579 6 81 9 77 5 88 9 80.7

80 2 86 7 77 0 90 0 86.875 4 81 0 70 0 88 1 80.774 9 77 3 67 5 82 5 69.972 0 75 5 63 0 76 9 67.170 9 75 6 63 8 66 1 71.8

75 0 77 1 67 4 72 2 70.776 3 80 5 72 3 78 2 71.684 7 90 5 74 8 78 4 76.479 8 92 6 79 2 80 0 75.984 8 92 6 82 1 81 1 80.2

86 1 94 9 82 8 87 7 84. S88 3 95 6 81 9 88 2 85.086 6 102 2 83 2 95 4 81.4

141 2 158 5 119.4 163 8 107.4

128 6 496 6 48.4 49.8 95.3

48.2 359.3

80.449.782.0

94.978.260.470.886.5

55.767.473.193.6272.7

808.11,381.31,389.6805.3243.8103.7

66.843 547.644.442.7

40.838.284.466.354.8

55.663.661.360.864.7

46.986.124.420.720.8

22.717.823.924.926.9

24.624.719.411.6

159.0125.5247.0

373.0610.8318.3302 3877.2

389.6323.4821.8237.2170.4

332.9344.3344.0417.0189.1111.6

68.636.247.149.925.9

12.57.83 52.81.8

1.61.4

42.650.651.187.4

34.036.939.941.944.2

48.343.040.249.546.2

43.138.937.687.940.2

31.432.525.924.223.0

25.728.432.134.133.6

32.028.418.018.1

19 1

16 614 1

80 0

28 856 051 119 4

17 6

10 510 911 58 8

6 1

8 710 08 4

174 721 3

1 4

36 4 66.3

32.081.748.6

91.6109.692.187.786.5

74.966.064.751.748.8

74.862.074.5119.257.032.6

2923171413

12.612.48.011.810.7

8.26.47.87.55.0

6.84.03 22 7

8.2

3.02.53.03.5

8.2

8.22.91.616

49.131.053.9

99.8124.6131.6104.2110.2

109.8106.4116.487.862.1

128.7120.6174.8210 6181.797.6

67.049.653.648.541.9

49.147.735.752.743.4

87.984.787.735.729.2

26.924.519.816.818.6

19.116.622.624.624.7

23 620.818.410.6

269 9

198.8

168.1129.0199.9

304.7869.7304.9318.4321.9

300.4208.0302.1245.1208.6

403.0347.6349.3860.7291.6205.6

140.6171.0161.7152.8147.1

151.6164.6157.4157.9136.2

115.6108.7110.4102.889.5

91.883.969.464.267.9

64.861.071.774.969.5

66.563.387.131.4

8,701.63,159.03,945.83,331.5

2,375.01,909.91,536.11,862.72,552.1

3,779.85.007.54,793.84,845.25,111.5

4,960.44,465.34,647.33,568.92,956.7

4,777.13,508.13,703.23,217.68,058.62,627.8

2,010.72,043.82,384.42,154.11,942.8

2,049.71,992.61,820.12,111.51,911.1

1,578.11,394.31,447.41,493.61,306.3

1,222.71,006.3937.8963 4880.3

1,033.21,004.11,074.31,335.51,076.0

1,216.6838.9444.2877.4

3,224.52,824.62,702.92,309.5

1,732.91,758.72,083.21,854.91,655.4

1,728.01,686.71,613.91,770.11,622.8

1,334.01,167.31,218.91,270.61,119.2

1,046.8855.7796.8821.0751.4

881.2867.0933.1

1,164.8940.0

1,070.5712.2365 9824.8

478.7392.8366.7318.2

277.8286.2301.2299 2287.4

821.7305.8306.3341.4288.3

244.1227.0228.4223.0187.1

175.8160.6141.9142.4128.9

152.0137.1141.3170.7186.0

146.1126.778.362.6

1 Does not agree with source, which is in error.•Shaw's estimates for 1869-1919; Kuzneta' estimates adjusted by Shaw for 1919-

1939. See source, p. 104, for explanation.1 Agrees with source; however, figures for components do not add to total shown.' Indexes derived by weighting the individual group indexes by the average current

price estimates for 1933, 1936, and 1937. The compositewere used to interpolate and extrapolate the implicit indexes1937.

• Baaed on the movement of the NBER price index for

ment goods.

thus calculatedfor 1933. 1935, and

processed capital equip

422