Historical statistics of the United States, Colonial Times ...€¦ · Compu tations were by age groups for each sex, the figures presented in series C 25-73 being summations for

chapter C

Migration

INTERNAL MIGRATION (Series C 1-87)

C 1-73. General note.

Data concerning internal migration of the native population

are based on information concerning State of birth and State

of residence collected during the decennial censuses of popu

lation. Caution is required in the interpretation of these data

because the migration measured by each census is the net

movement from the time of birth to the census date. Mi

grants as defined here include only those persons who have

moved from one State to another and are, on the census date,

living in States other than those in which they were born.

Persons who moved from their State of birth and then returned

to it by the time of the census are classified as nonmigrants.

These statistics for migrants do not represent the total num

ber of persons who have moved from the State or geographic

division in which they were born to other States or divisions

during any given period of time. Some of those who moved

from one State to another died before the following census

date. Some moved from and returned, between censuses, to

their State of birth. Others moved to places outside conti

nental United States.

A native is defined as a person born in continental United

States, Puerto Rico, or the Territories or possessions, or born

abroad to American parents. Persons for whom place of birth

was not reported are included with the natives.

The classification of the population by color is not ordinarily

based on replies to census questions asked by the enumerators,

but rather is obtained by observation. This concept does not,

therefore, reflect a clear-cut definition of biological stock. The

nonwhite population consists of Negroes, American Indians,

Japanese, Chinese, Filipinos, and some other groups. Per

sons of mixed parentage are placed in the color classification

of the nonwhite parent. Persons of Mexican birth or ances

try who are not definitely Indian or of other nonwhite stock

have been classified as white in all censuses except that of

1930. The lack of comparability introduced by this factor is

substantial in the West South Central, Mountain, and Pacific

Divisions. For revised 1930 figures for regions showing Mexi

cans classified as white, see series B 215-230 in Historical

Statistics of the United States, 1789-1 9J,5.

C 1-14. Native population, by residence within or outside

State, division, and region of birth, by color, 1850-1950.

Source: Special compilations made by the University of

Pennsylvania Studies of Population Redistribution and Economic

Growth from the following: 1850, The Seventh Census of the

United States: 1850, pp. xxxvi-xxxviii ; 1860, Eighth Census of

the United States: I860, table 5 for each State, pp. 10-589,

various pages, and pp. 616-619; 1870, Ninth Census Reports,

vol. I, pp. 327-335; 1880, Tenth Census Reports, Population,

pp. 484-491; 1890, Eleventh Census Reports, Population, part

1, pp. 564-567 and 576-579; 1900, Twelfth Census Reports,

Population, vol. I, part 1, pp. 686-693 and 702-705; 1910,

Thirteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. I, pp. 730-744;

1920, Fourteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. II, pp. 626-

640; 1930, Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. II, pp.

153-167; 1940, Sixteenth Census Reports, State of Birth of

the Native Population, pp. 20-39; 1950, 17. S. Census of Popu

lation: 1950, vol. IV, Special Reports, State of Birth, pp. 4A-24

to 4A-43.

In 1860, persons who were born in territories and who were

then residing in territories were assumed to be residing in the

territory of their birth.

See general note for definition of color and nativity; see also

text for series A 95-122 for definitions of division and region.

C 15-24. Native population born in each division, by division of

residence, by color, 1850-1950.

Source : See source for series C 1-14.

See also general note for definition of color and nativity.

C 25-73. Estimated net intercensal migration of total, native

white, foreign-born white, and Negro population surviving

from the preceding census date, by States, 1870-1950.

Source: Everett S. Lee, Ann Ratner Miller, Carol P. Brain-

erd, and Richard A. Easterlin, Population Redistribution and

Economic Growth: United States, 1870-1950, vol. I, Philadel

phia, the American Philosophical Society, 1957, pp. 107-231.

See general note for definition of color and nativity.

The estimates of net migration were obtained by a residual

method, using survival ratios derived from census data. The

loss through mortality during an intercensal period was esti

mated on the basis of the ratios of appropriate age groups as

enumerated in successive decennial censuses. The difference

between the enumerated population at the end of the decennial

period and the estimated survivors from the beginning to the

end of the period was assumed to be net migration. Compu

tations were by age groups for each sex, the figures presented

in series C 25-73 being summations for ages 10 years and over

at the end of each intercensal period. For the native popula

tion, the figures show the estimated amount of net internal

migration. For the foreign born, the figures represent the

estimated net change attributable to direct movement into the

State from abroad and the net gain or loss in the exchange of

foreign-born residents with other States.

C 74-79. Estimated annual movement of the farm population,

1920-1957.

Source: 1920-1954, Agricultural Marketing Service, Farm

Population, Migration to and From Farms, 19S0-1954, AMS-10,

1954; 1955-1957, Farm Population, Estimated for (specific

years), AMS-80, 1955, 1956, and 1967.

Estimates of the total farm population and of the annual

changes in its components utilize data from the censuses of

population and agriculture and the Current Population Survey

conducted by the Bureau of the Census in addition to data from

a questionnaire mailed by the Department of Agriculture to

lists of crop reporters. Estimates of the components of change

are derived from information supplied by the crop reporters

39

C 80-87 MIGRATION

and adjusted for internal consistency with available birth

and death figures and data on movements in and out of

the Armed Forces. For a history of the procedures used and

the successive revisions of the series, see Department of Agri

culture, Major Statistical Series of the U. S. Department of

Agriculture, vol. 7, Agricultural Handbook No. 118, 1957.

Farm population figures relate to the civilian population liv

ing on farms, regardless of occupation or source of income.

The determination of whether a household is located on a farm

has been made largely by the residents themselves. If the

respondent in reply to the inquiry, "Is this house on a farm

(or ranch)?" answers affirmatively, it is, in most cases, classi

fied as a farm dwelling unit and the occupants as part of the

farm population. Excluded are the following: Persons living

on farmland who rent for cash a home and yard only; persons

in summer camps, motels, and tourist camps; and persons in

institutions on farmland.

C 80-87. Mobility status and type of mobility of the civilian

population one year old and over, 1947-1957.

Source: Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports,

Series P-20, No. 82.

The civilian population was classified by mobility status on

the basis of a comparison between the place of residence of

each individual on the survey date and the place of residence

one year earlier. Persons classified as movers include all those

whose place of residence in the United States was different at

the end of the period and at the beginning of the period.

For similar information for earlier years, see Donald J.

Bogue, Henry S. Shryock, Jr., and Siegried A. Hoermann, "Sub-

regional Migration in the United States, 1935-40," vol. 1,

Streams of Migration Between Subregions, Miami, Ohio,

Scripps Foundation Studies in Population Distribution, No. 5,

1957.

40

INTERNAL MIGRATION C 1-24

Series C 1-14. Native Population, by Residence Within or Outside State, Division, and Region of Birth, by Color:

1850 to 1950

Nativepopulation

Bora in Stateof residence

Number Percent

Born in other States

Contiguous to Stateof residence

Number Percent

Noncontiguous toState of residence

Number Percent

Bornin outlying

Bornabroador at

Stateof birth

notreported

10

Born in divisionof residence

Number Percent

Bora in regionof residence

Number

13

139,868,716120.074,379108,570,897

91,789,92878,456,38065,663,299

58,372,70843,475,84032,991,142

124,382,950106,795,78295,497,800

81,108,16168,386.41256,695,379

45.862,02336,843.29128,095,665

23,363,38517,772,270

15,485,76613,278,64713,078.097

10,681,76710,069.9689,057,920

7,510,6806,632,5494,895,477

102,788,38592,609,75482,677,619

71,071,01861,185,30551,901,722

41,872,66633,882,73425,821,340

91,984,03582,533.80572,821,481

62,624,78952,806.09144,278,021

35,524,28728,310,08121,355,242

17,527,06913,624,902

10,804,35010,075,9499,856,188

8,546,2248,379,2147,623,701

6,348,3696,572,6538,966,098

73.577.176 2

77.478.079.0

78.577.976.8

74.077.876.2

77.177.278.2

77.576.876.0

75.176.7

69.875.975.4

80.083.284.2

84.584.081.0

14,589.03512,583,48212,200,290

9,741,7817,969,8606,808,976

4,628.7684,083,0043 , 182 , 563

13,195,21511,298,72810.824,966

8,675 4167,018,3315,534,957

4,064,1218,676.8402,779,526

2,529,4942,105,724

1,393,8201,284,7591.875,824

1,066,365941,529774,018

564,647506.664403,037

10.4 20,695,18510.5 14,322,50411.2 18,187,810

10.610.19.6

8.79.49.6

10.610.611.3

10.710.89.8

8.99.79.9

10.811.9

9.09.710.5

10.09.38.5

7.67.68.2

10,582,6698,950,2547,192,070

6,464.2965,509,7604.474,757

17,629,44512,492,81711,452,788

9,521,4208,245,8726,562,833

5,926,7224,956,5963,951,487

3,242,1902,006,033

3,065,7401,829,6871,735,022

1,011,249704,382629,237

537,678558,164523,270

14 811.912 1

11.511 411.0

12.112.713.6

14.211.712.0

11.712.011.6

12.913.514 1

18.911.3

19.818.813.3

9.57.06.9

7.28.310.7

329,970156,966136,032

88,0207,3652,923

8225151

289,43599 , 17071 , 582

26,4766,4132,563

2795038

40,53557,78664,450

11,544952360

431

13

96.355122,169180,677

92.86367,91167,151

10,010291169

88,065117,933125,060

88,83864,35663.366

9,543224160

2,618

8,2904,2366,617

4,0253,5558,786

467679

1,369,785279,514238,469

313,582285.685180,458

896,652

"i2;262

1,196,755253,284201,923

271,222245.349158,639

837,071

52,01436,611

173,03026,23036,546

42,36040,38626,819

69,581

113,477,915101,694,39691,382,402

77,906,51566,746,37956,248,496

45,022,60036,582,39027,363,803

101,491,05090,586,58680,492,581

68,601,74057,708,55948,102,508

38,315,18880,681,197

9,212 | 23,130,521

3,050

18,969,88014,707,719

11,986,86511.107,81010,889,821

9,304,7759,042,8208,145,988

6,707,4625,901,1934,233,282

81.184.784.2

84.985.185.7

84.484.182.9

81.684.884.3

84.684.4

85.0

83.583.382.3

81.282.8

77.488.783.3

87.189.889.9

89.389.086.5

119,490,510106,734,90796,447,180

82,308,49070,864,30460,025,002

48,398,17539.530,26629,684,393

107,061,70595,225,87085,075,201

72,563,23561,361,08751,407,811

41,227,68233,126,94924.914,093

20,481,08915,765,010

12,428,80511,509,53711,871,979

9,745,2559,503,2178,617,191

7,170,4986,403,3174,720,300

1 Mexicans classified as nonwhite in 1930, as white in other censuses.1 Based on 20-percent sample of persons enumerated.1 Excludes population of Indian Territory and Indian reservations, specially enumer

ated in 1890, with a native population of 117,368distributed by State of birth.

« Free colored included with white.

white, and 208,083 nonwhite, not

Series C 15-24. Native Population Born in Each Division, by Division of Residence, by Color: 1850 to 1950

[Excludes persons bora outside continental U. S. and persons for whom State of birth was not reported]

Division of residence

Color, 1 census year,and division of

birth

TotalNew

EnglandMiddleAtlantic

East NorthCentral

West NorthCentral

SouthAtlantic

East South

CentralWest South

CentralMountain Pacific

IS M 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

1950 ■ 122,808,695 7,765,220 23,667,206 26,038,680 12,848,660 15,490,860 8,652,720 11,564,885 4,543,490 12,236,975

Middle Atlantic.8,123,805

26,133,81526,253,59015.804,72014,808,61510,389,29012,022,2653,946,6256,326,970

7,040,420456,51090,55540,08066,92519,56518,83011,21021,135

445,57021,967,896

434,780142,146434,56082,35069,43534,89055,580

130,600883,576

22,344,070925,255461,356908,915223 , 55079,26582,095

31,000119,430801,785

11,186,855

185,885800,850498,185180,270

12,976,715613,630141,43536,69057,200

16,24561,425

35,245124.225292,995532,565174,420523,035

9,699,47098,40084,580

30,675113,220314,300697,65063,96575,205

357,4202,721,865

169,290

208,265606,685

East North Central 208,91066,485

1,268,010

South Atlantic 70,870132,160314,875109,840

326,7557,795,585

2,083,415233,550238,855East South Central

West South Central 150,35010,84516,120

1,047,400842,620Mountain

Paciac ._ 82,845 5,768,175

1940_ 106,325,345 6.788,754 21,562,277 22,892,971 12,296,354 12,766,703 7,936,741 10,255,758 3.698,071 8,127,716

New England- 7,091,60822,321,59328,255,75214,401,18212,601,815

6,292,313340,90162,29425,60935,0119,2687,1896,4319,748

410,90720,113,804

393,318120,901360,02159,16143,26826,56234,845

101,637765,363

20,031,073818,929314,513616,381142,11959,65943,297

25,600123,076896,605

10,705,594

91,016440,461301,011102,722

11,290,451432,33069,67118,44520,597

6,95230,373155,71145,398

246,3717,386,524

106,0505,5194,843

12,77664,963

238,290516,685135,018531,150

8,669,70861,36925,809

16,80366,229

242,314633,44039,43969,299

270,4842,271,873

98,190

133,606376,424935,186

Middle AtlanticEast North CentralWest North Central 1,481,854

126,628155,225539,941558,662

South Atlantic 64,368133,904237,853

East South Central 9,333,22210,085,288West South Central

p °fl"'aln 3,089,040 85,5304,146,900 33,825 3,875,246

1 Mexicans classified as nonwhite in 1930, as white in other censuses. 1 Based on 20-percent sample of persons enumerated.

41

C 15-24 MIGRATION

Series C 15-24. Native Population Born in Each Division, by Division of Residence, by Color: 1850 to 1950—Con.


TotalNew


East NorthCentral

West NorthCentral

SouthAtlantic

East SouthCentral

Weit SouthCentral

Mountain Pacific

IS 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

95,099,236 6,204,011 19,780,421 20,990,462 11,778,688 11,025,521 7,158,480 8,906,478 2,999,731 •,256,443

6,636,69320,610,69321,523,08413,113,75411.319,7208,531,7888,039,5442,817,0798,107,936

5,752,888321,69853,80221,88629,3267,8156,4016,0907,610

392.10218,427.461

362,859106 , 542863,78152,20984,71622,78428,567

114,311884,310

18,167,867760,889322,548596,959101,48153,88038,267

36,849179,284

1,102,1649,918.618

72,008153,991202,16482,60881,062

65,025314,394229,64568 , 103

9,956,907826,86744,63810,88410,568

6,08427.582151.94289,461

271,6076,563,867

90 . 1204,2198,648

12,82569,246

278,638558,788166,797686,688

7,117,59147,83119,684

19,82978,751

275,416562,86042.09661,895179,510

1,699,81480,061

135,780858,072901,717

1,077,607105,700138,507263,973

890,619

2,888,568

80.721.626 5,420.554 16,651,261 17,641,695 10,798,760 9,311,926 6,286,445 7,615,242 2,730,830 4,2*4,922

5,613,38717,754.22118,836,60311,077,9689,605,5987,445,5806,358,2001,785,1082,244,970

6,008,487805,88448,07917,25924,1116,8164,5624,9976,860

251,86115,714,467

103,025746,504

15,606,106462,886282,580877,38853,30532,94827,054

58,349252,854

1,292,5338,699,489

90,706179,126141,21662,65627,321

49,486264,186179,16950,549

8,487,281234,25980,9007,7148,482

5,80827,484136,43132,428

222,8445,791,383

64,0803,8002,742

18,68074,672306,676584,721180,365663,654

5,791,88934,62115,114

26,80499,028

819,171529,09045,17968,268

133,9561,442,878

72,456

107,442270,192674,905879 , 16876,85594,661117,070180,824

2,064.810

273,68872.434

246,67236 , 07621.27215,16520,181

68,070,294 4,641,157 14,003,037 14,791,593 9,682,760 7,765,765 5,667,676 6,344.580 2,063.208 3,120.528

4,867,37615,123,71516,287,6679,210,1848,273,2196.631,8414,909,8001.206,5251,559,967

4,805,759247,99937,81418,46319,3474,4618.8798,8764,669

215,88813,264.960

97,016652,982

13,289,961323,844167,764250,98827,21817,63814,287

73,181837,132

1.411.3047,410.166

109.871196.66191,45936.20617,380

28.394191.251111,40822,494

7,244,553145.35215,1888,4178,718

5,22126,602129,22726,257

220,8045,198.232

48,2752,0551,603

11,02460.485

309,955484,944204,627686,821

4,563,48915,9637,872

80.999110,309291.918878,85942.17462,95684.119

1,024,87647,608

99,994231,995544,997601,76163,56172,72062,84991,078

1,461,578

211,08848,916

201,61824,20513,32911,41611,667

66,375,811 4,063,336 11,764,269 13,037,883 8,501,171 6,487,097 4,947,654 4,494,019 1,281,152 1,799,231

4,304,08812,994,77813,990,4077,211,3627,028,2995,696,1813,330,565

765,0781,055,053 1

8,782,347213,81881,06611,81614,2063,1111,8881,7168,868

176,52911,208,866

162,94533,876152,68016,1057,9604,6487,775

117,476725,710

11,589,208267,723164,152195,98618,7459,2809,604

95,473410,180

1,424,5636,142,945

125,802209,59558.75421,89612,613

21,464152.66883.30015,280

6,105,30995,8929,8771,4461,911

4,97224,477119,43222,891

221,9124,515,686

36,961823

1,000

7,98139,005192,025305,129197,884597,479

8,148,7866,4014,829

27,65888,623180,312190,40224.68826,40728.208

685,85629,648

71 , 189136,981267,657222,85081,71636,92024,89684,117

984 , 505

45,515,130 3,498,667 9,620,623 10,679,859 7,053,073 5,376,140 4,186,475 2,937,889 856,949 1,305,555

8,869,02211,026,90111,459,7375,088,6355,988,9604,794,6662,138.369

452,657701,283

3,808,754149,62018,5886,5659,9272,0261,275756

2,166

157,9629,222,526

95,47716.549

107,5649,6976,1671,6644,027

141,909769,746

9,280,356137,664159,824171,75711,1258,1554,328

126,561507,162

1.464,6054,511,678

151,969238,20836,26010,0266,705

21 ,469115,88367,9498,284

6,101,96962,4606,446

6281,167

5,80224.66494,52114,461

282,1078,790.050

23,931841698

7,05829,588112,084121.395177,366466.533

2,019,6702,0742,221

28,96684,419138,062118,72220,09520.57215,988

417,64717,478

70,641123,293198,196154,22728,15933,46318,60716,472

662 , 598

36,843,017 3,177,460 8,287,904 9,098,915 4,950,250 4,483,127 3,5*3,017 2. 067,174 468,(78 746.492

8.614,3469,693,7449.062.8088,117,7145,169,0154,077,2161,410,432265,689482,064

3,031,308116,49912,8063,1768.6181,7261,016

7111,601

176,3667,921,093

78,77711,06590,5807,2694.2191,0962.499

178,124899,051

7,521,118101,161192,311192,3989.4941.9413,317

123,105479,473

1,126,3612,801,794

149 , 700282,78528,0234,9254,084

17,645103,76442.5334,861

4,256,66352,7044,638889686

4,88621,76867,86511,615

272,4983,164,256

19.693177369

6,64623 . 52069,34778,285

168,108890.416

1,828,5211,0881,254

21,16961,84862,70948,79012,17012,5576,920

248,80710,208

66,19876,78886,29262,67718,42223,1068,9187,110

408 , 137

28.086,255 2,807,945 6,788,821 7,325,414 3,038,216 3,469,244 2,835,457 1,1*1,542 224,834 434,783

8,270,6268,065,8696,550.8051.684,5444.206.1788,165,831

765,053153,772228.577

2,704.88283.5378.4631.6216,4971.20678066

948

180,7796,479,738

48,589

6,08165,615

4,9202.651

1381.466

212,928967,899

6,625,54262,386

280,689214,814

7,885432

2,839

97,087839,888704,106

1,624,350138,450210,64520,0052,1692,016

14,70884,22519,4072,051

8,808,46287,4422,591

52306

5,55223,25948,4698,851

318,9062,420,279

14,86566

212

4,41813.22324.89333,449123,369258.888707,821

169827

9,18120,53820,63111,6445,0824,7661,487

147,7713,789

41,09164,07250,70586,16114,26917,8767,0182,920

211.681

23.298,763 2,663,062 5,898,979 5,715,966 1.702,245 3, 358, 465 2,538,909 984,85* 150,11* 286,166

3,144,6986,944.0424,562,911

848,6924.264,7492,781,432

550,043100,739101,647

2,684,26264,6185,057662

6,777797622

212,2185,682,854

29,662

1,96666,971

3,0611,648

224,230946,080

4,044,32927,496

266,669202,798

4,322

67,324184,972858,725756,018125,982210,990

7,759

12,21868.45210.446

9168,236,171

28,9321,280

7,26924,02032,2485,842

411,9192,048,662

8,887

6,93016,66124,03823,459133,672268,132518,799

6.00610,84817,0537,1888.0464,806

960100,789

480

86,14647,18741,86426,16714,64218,7645,926

W 477(,) ann600 %1

W 475 W 62 W 16698.050


birth

WHITE—Con.

1930.

New EnglandMiddle AtlanticEast North CentralWest North Central

South AtlanticEast South CentralWest South CentralMountain

Pacific

1920

New England

Middle AtlanticEast North Central..West North Central.South AtlanticEast South Central..West South Central..MountainPacific

1910

New EnglandMiddle AtlanticEast North Central..West North Central.South AtlanticEast South Central..West South Central.MountainPacific

1900.

New EnglandMiddle AtlanticEast North CentralWest North Central. . .South AtlanticEast South CentralWest South Central. . .MountainPacific

1890 >.

New EnglandMiddle AtlanticEast North CentralWest North CentralSouth AtlanticEast South CentralWest South CentralMountainPacific

1880.

New EnglandMiddle AtlanticEast North Central..West North Central -South AtlanticEast South Central..West South Central.

MountainPacific.

1870

New EnglandMiddle AtlanticEast North Central..West North Central.South AtlanticEast South Central.West South IMountain.Pacific

I8601

New England

Middle AtlanticEast North Central..West North Central.South AtlanticEast South Central . .West South Central . .

1 Mexicans classified as nonwhite in 1930, as white in other censuses.1 Excludes population of Indian Territory and Indian reservations, specially enumer

ated In 1890, with a native population of 117,368 white and 208,088 nonwhite, notof birth.

< Includes free colored.• Not i

42





birth

TotalNew


East NorthCentral

West NorthCentral

SouthAtlantic

East SouthCentral

West SouthCentral

Mountain Pacific

white—Con.

16 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

1850'. 17.7S6.6S9 2,423,178 4.884,300 3.965,269 695.231 2,907,947 2,207.677 603,295 68.484 81,278

New England 2,821.823 2,867,932 237,867 171,172 9.404 11,074 5,922 5,622 1,131 12.299Middle Atlantic 6,483,951 46,635 4,666,496 725,066 39,123 55,210 19,778 12,656 2,286 16,712East North Central 2,757,356 2,410 16.349 2,582,600 96,708 7,048 21,821 14,616 2,611 13,293West North Central 378,500 181 568 12,794 334,662 495 2,951 11,619 1,841 8,889South Atlantic 8.764,808 5,100 60.784 286.195 80,838 2,811,806 446,891 65,489 482 8,274East South Central. 2,179,505 507 1,840 184,634 181,053 21,951 1,706,017 123,282 823 10,898West South Central.. 286,016 878 934 2,812 3,435 858 5,796 270,104 88 1,611

59,802 (*) (') (') (') (') (») (') 59,802 (')Pacific 9.898 35 13 6 8 6 1 7 20 9.802

NONWHITE

1950 >._ 15,263,910 136,825 1,771,205 1,799,890 469,245 5,068,460 2,687,045 2,473,610 214,980 642,650

New England 95,105 74,260 11,345 2,246 850 8,780 410 516 270 1,930Middle Atlantic. 884,085 6,990 798,465 20,225 1,676 41,660 8,180 8,280 1,175 7,435East North Central 754,760 1,605 19,745 676,230 11,170 13,040 11,310 5,920 1,915 14,826West North Central 862,865 790 6,165 46,560 268,130 3.660 3,420 7,880 6,980 21,880South Atlantic 6,125,050 48,895 810,915 269,290 8,740 4,882,210 60,780 18,125 2,960 28,105East South Central 3,634,040 5,780 91,980 604,445 89,670 104,760 2,569,960 108,770 6,020 62,716West South Central 2,964.750 2,675 25,166 169.690 85,170 15.966 86,775 2,828,880 32,520 263,610Mountain 183,680 145 1,426 2,520 2,150 1,015 365 1,800 158,365 15,916Pacific _ 269.575 835 5,970 10,685 2,190 2,370 865 3,990 6,786 236,886

1M0 13,190,395 95,035 1,208,567 1.084.123 401,916 4,706,493 2,779.679 2,489,075 ltt,606 261,901

New England. 72.448 58,883 9,094 1,190 142 2,143 228 150 58 560Middle Atlantic 571,445 4,352 526 , 569 12.397 945 22,910 1,084 779 324 2,085East North Central 469.788 762 13,421 420,714 9,676 8,114 7,444 3,391 1,111 5,155West North Central 304,282 275 8,971 81,247 240,766 1,918 2,635 8,471 4.988 10,066South Atlantic 6,484,716 27,275 585,734 188,711 8,788 4,679,081 62,448 19,870 1,753 11,611East South Central.. 3,359,873 2,016 50,942 340.816 74,444 82.612 2,664,877 125.376 4,086 14,854West South Central 2,616,711 785 18,731 85,882 64.924 8,126 40,421 2,829,478 17,186 56,278Mountain 144,576 69 798 1,367 1,610 696 240 1,151 131,955 6,805Pacific 167,556 668 4,312 1,809 676 1.098 302 909 2,800 155,487

1930 12,966,484 85,473 980.056 957,610 394,534 4,421.188 2,655,398 2,797,906 298.651 375.668

New England 60,784 47,909 8,643 1,308 191 1,964 162 166 83 468Middle Atlantic... 405,404 4,880 865.212 12,886 1,046 17,792 1,109 917 405 1,657East North Central.- 355,312 617 11.840 807,789 10,799 6,950 7,622 4,144 1,366 4,286West North Central - 296,827 243 3.229 38,085 229,087 1.531 2,675 11,592 5,841 8,644South Atlantic- 5,215,766 29,024 581,014 197,586 11,887 4,816,289 85,900 31,498 2.444 10,674Eaat South Central 3,197,521 1,779 45,220 321.450 74,938 68,994 2,515,818 153,257 4,486 11,584West South Central 2,865,964 574 11,050 79,125 62,438 6.528 41,697 2,588,627 20.299 45,616Mountain - 303,676 73 783 2,162 8,782 868 219 5,937 268,801 82,061Pacific... 276,240 874 8,165 2,219 921 772 806 11768 5.426 260,789

1920 10,623,838 68,704 562,963 522,270 311,204 4.815,975 2,616,980 2,110,266 105.663 109,913

New England.. 46.726 86,756 6,356 1,023 292 2,051 848 463 152 300Middle Atlantic. 265,307 4,316 235.108 8,694 1.178 13,020 788 706 689 965East North Central 225,587 501 6.458 190,121 10,680 4,709 5,336 3,390 1,686 2,706West North Central 242,757 220 2,089 20,419 194,448 2,098 2,721 10,710 5,407 4,660South Atlantic 4,771,502 24,251 280,607 86,850 12,187 4,281,573 76,086 47,528 5,097 7,373East South Central.. 2,923.262 1,423 25,506 190.571 58.241 56,648 2,899,065 178,676 6,134 6,998West South Central 1,981,385 871 5,096 22,118 81,599 4,588 82.076 1,867,040 6,868 11,629

85,876 85 598 840 2.020 472 331 951 77,728 2,366Pacific 81,986 782 2,150 1,734 659 821 289 813 1,802 72,986

1910.. 10,025,126 60.931 407,348 •11,737 278,717 4,103,893 2.646.426 2.048,401 96.408 72,264

New England 39,839 32,693 3,944 598 265 1,414 185 344 133 268Middle Atlantic 219,187 4,018 196,486 6,117 1,178 9,186 966 989 416 782East North Central 192,088 406 4,471 162,724 9,180 3,160 5,131 3,718 1.897 1,902West North Central 288,996 211 1,294 13,386 198,839 1,138 8,076 12,660 5,225 8,167South Atlantic 4,497,605 21,394 191,612 35,299 12,666 4.048,161 108,768 71,118 2.700 6,902East South Central 2,849,182 967 5,787 88,363 40,006 87,547 2,494,110 178,681 4,361 4.610West South Central 1,848,608 286 1,448 5,011 14,084 2,203 33.650 1,788,963 3,863 4,651Mountain 82,771 64 581 281 2,145 462 320 1,416 76,180 1,373Pacific « 56,899 894 1,725 958 414 622 225 663 1,684 49,714

1900 9,026,956 56,174 325,698 267,124 276,104 3,723,920 2,496,880 1,750,800 80.817 49,939

New England 34,186 28,948 2,808 625 206 1,002 186 186 120 160464Middle Atlantic 183,339 3,999 166,691 4,070 947 5,640 520 676 382

East North Central 170,049 346 8.494 148,199 7,282 2,002 4,267 2,805 978 726West North Central 287,297 122 762 10,828 208,858 507 3,032 12,603 4.182 1,413South Atlantic 4,133,276 21,417 145.657 80,787 14,088 3,684,080 134.831 96,632 2.772 8,162East South Central 2,628,985 638 4,066 68.777 38,282 28.514 2.827,272 166,214 8.327 1,900West South Central 1,524,820 241 1,052 3,405 8,624 1,790 26,633 1,480,511 1.317 1,247Mountain 70,780 27 335 152 2.741 77 70 868 66.036 474Pacific 44,224 441 948 281 176 308 119 305 1,253 40,393

1890 ■ 7,450,589 42,248 219,834 210,343 225,426 3,249,641 2,106.538 1,342,049 26.286 29,324

New England 28,981 24,677 2,201 468 216 786 142 242 102 197Middle Atlantic 150,606 3,438 136,516 3,555 1,051 3,738 606 666 389 548East North Central 186,704 142 1,483 121,167 6,422 1,292 2,752 2,027 915 604West North Central - . - 178,589 56 669 6,448 157,506 872 2,766 7,100 2,741 1,032South Atlantic 8,627,912 18,252 76,277 27,938 15,723 3,228.865 148,595 116,874 2,700 2,688East South Central 2,183,937 822 1,639 48,570 37,128 18,188 1,932,764 141,602 2,865 1,369West South Central 1,108,866 274 663 2,069 7,086 1,100 17,493 1,078,379 790 1,022Mountain 17,177 11 284 47 225 29 364 85 16,878 269

22,918 76 202 91 69 221 58 76 411 21,715

1 Mexicans classified as nonwhite in 1930, as white in other censuses. enumerated in 1890, with a native population of 117,368 white and 208,083 nonwhite,1 Based on 20-percent sample of persons enumerated. not distributed by State of birth.

» Excludes the population of Indian Territory and Indian reservations, specially * Includes free colored.

1 Not available.

43

C 15-58 MIGRATION




birth

TotalNew


East NorthCentral

West NorthCentral

SouthAtlantic

East SouthCentral

West SouthCentral

Mountain Pacific

nonwhitb—Con.

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

1880 6,632,481 39,430 188,000 191,082 206,963 2,939,779 1,926,935 1,087,916 23,548 28,828

New England 29,078 25,077 1,843 466 210 648 235 399 41 159

Middle Atlantic 149.988 3,309 136,808 3,445 900 3,061 995 895 155 420

East North Central 116,353 150 739 105,676 3,728 1,236 2,753 1,641 233 197West North Central - 159,284 29 147 6,194 141,665 180 2,981 6,742 1,005 341South Atlantic 3,340,699 10,369 46,950 30,110 16,439 2,917,316 197.100 120,570 729 1,116East South Central 1,942,781 288 963 43,205 35,325 16,183 1,708,900 136,846 657 414

West South Central- 847,230 167 419 1,902 8,583 1,073 13,918 820,685 220 263

19,932 24 80 52 78 37 19 100 19,345 197

Pacific 27,136 17 51 32 35 45 34 38 1,163 25,721

1870 4,892,405 30,847 146.581 134,896 145,086 2,216,892 1,463,794 738,385 3,456 12,468

New England-- _ 22.477 19,514 1,426 405 135 345 155 236 43 218Middle Atlantic. 120,810 2,904 110,845 2,941 664 1,786 444 611 113 502

East North Central 67,523 100 430 62,667 2,220 375 857 718 69 87

West North Central 117,168 31 78 4,817 101,335 159 3,096 7,011 296 345

South Atlantic 2,622,615 7,873 32,620 27,869 15,027 2,201,827 210,996 124,766 384 1,253East South Central 1,426,109 244 828 34,648 21,324 11,437 1,238,885 118,026 295 422West South Central 504,139 167 328 1,512 4,306 940 9,345 486,997 352 192Mountain- 1,952 2 8 9 59 4 3 9 1.813 50

Pacific 9,612 12 28 28 16 19 13 11 91 9,399

1 Mexicans classified as nonwhite in 1930, as white in other

Series C 25-73. Estimated Net Intercensal Migration of Total, Native White, Foreign-Born White, and Negro

Population Surviving From the Preceding Census Date, by States: 1870 to 1950

[In thousands]

State1940 to 1930 to 1920 to 191(1 to 1900 to 1890 to 1880 to 1870 to

No.

TOTAL POPULATION >

1950 1940 1930 1920 1910 1900 1890 1880

NM.^"d:.._25 -85.8 -1.2 -39 8 -8 8 10 6 4 1 -15.9 -88.826 -9.1 9.1 -10 2 -3 6 8 2 20 4 20.7 10.127 -23.8 -18.7 -20 6 -17 6 -3 7 -2 4 -18.3 -26.228 -29.5 -69.5 22 1 192 2 307 8 334 9 295.7 140.229 2.7 -2 3 11 4 12 8 66 1 45 9 42.5 27.930 89.5 39.2 64 1 122 1 112 7 90 8 72.9 22.4

Middle Atlantic:31 New York 83.8 396.3 1,062 1 467 4 1,061 0 604 8 395 4 61.732 New Jersey 200.7 -28 2 442 3 278 2 376 1 218 3 151.3 48.433 -447.2 -301 0 -262 9 51 9 444 6 262 0 285.1 19.1

East North Central:34 Ohio 161.6 -56.6 214 7 499 4 207 7 77 7 41.9 -12.935 Indiana 56.7 10.6 -0 9 16 0 -54 4 33 4 -86.7 -70.236 Illinois -22.1 -60.8 414 0 255 6 223 0 340 (1 170.3 -59.037 251.4 17.1 649 6 465 2 117 2 62 0 172.3 161.4-38 -95.1 -10.9 -17 9 37 6 9 2 84 3 100 8 9.0

West South Central:39 Minnesota -160.9 36.0 -106 2 59 1 72 6 148 4 264.1 156.240 Iowa -178.8 -73.4 -167 2 -18 3 -207 5 21 7 -5.6 85.141 Missouri -168.6 -20.8 -98 7 -134 7 -163 8 -17 2 56 4 -30.442 North Dakota -109.4 -106.8 -76 3 -46 0 137 3 63 8 I OAQ A43 -71.2 -101.4 -45 0 -31 2 86 9 0 3

} *54o . 4 oO . o

44 -123.0 -139.5 -78 1 -34 5 -28 8 -153 9 362.5 204.44S -86.8 -163.8 -88 1 -74 5 20 0 -149 8 159.7 366.8

South Atlantic:46 Delaware 14.5 16.0 -3 5 5 1 2 7 -1 2 4.3 -2.847 Maryland 213.3 87.0 10 2 43 1 -8 3 8 2 -10.7 -11.248 District of Columbia 78.5 157.8 27 1 97 0 41 0 34 3 36.1 18.149 Virginia 152.0 0.2 -231 6 -27 7 -73 7 -91 5 -80.9 -61.1SO West Virginia -210.8 -73.6 -53 8 -1 7 46 1 17 2 - 4.8 24.051 -202.8 -85.4 -7 9 -74 3 -80 4 -88 8 -57.7 -14.452 South Carolina -172.4 -102.5 -256 9 -80 9 -80 6 -75 E -85.9 25.753 Georgia -224.3 -134.1 -414 9 -98 1 -41 7 -66 1 -19.6 -40.054 Florida 510.9 280.3 297 6 101 6 103 5 36 9 61.1 12.1

East South Central:66 Kentucky -319.2 -98.5 -206 1 -167 1 -177 8 -65 1 -96.8 -47.256 Tennessee -102.8 -14.9 -118 8 -131 2 -156 9 -95 4 -77.7 -91.867 -271.0 -165.8 -149 2 -113 9 -47 8 -40 4 -11.5 -60.7

68 Mississippi -349.9 -90.3 -101 6 -199 3 -46 4 -44 6 -60.6 -5.6

1 For 1870-1890, only white population for the 11 Western States; no estimates made for Negroes.

44



Population Surviving From the Preceding Census Date, by States: 1870 to 1950—Con.

fin thousands]

SeriesNo.

State1940 to1950

1930 to1940

1920 to1930

1910 to1920

1900 to1910

1890 to1900

1880 to1890

1870 to1880

West South Central:

TOTAL POPULATION 1 Con.

59 -320 4 -128.8 -191.8 -74.7 -27.2 -82.8 76.1 84.060 -112.1 5.7 -23.2 -64.7 10 6 1.4 -8.0 -12.061 -856.1 -269.4 -51.8 62.4 491.5 501.3 44.5 (■)

62 Texas 132.9 -72.8 248 5 114.8 131.1 147.7 161 2 308.5

Mountain:63 Montana -42.2 -19.3 -72.9 90.1 86 5 63.5 70.6 12.164 Idaho -29.6 20.5 -50.6 37.8 104.1 39.8 84.2 11.765 Wyoming -4.6 -0.1 -12 20.7 33 3 15.6 28.7 7.266 Colorado 32.4 1.0 -16.6 39.8 169.8 51.9 146.8 119.167 New Mexico 9.8 18.6 -22 9 -20.2 68.1 1.2 6.4 -3 368 Arizona 117.4 -3.6 23.5 75.4 50.7 21.4 10.9 19.869 Utah 6.4 -80.5 -80.8 -0.2 24.9 8.9 17.9 16.770 28.8 12.6 6.9 -6.4 32.9 -6.1 -16.6 6 6

Pacific:71 Washington - - 351. S 109 2 81.6 97.6 464.7 80.4 205.4 28.772 Oregon 244.0 94 1 96.5 56.0 189.9 43 0 85.9 39.07S California 2,399.1 974.6 1,695.2 804.1 694 1 172.7 214.2 129.6

New England:

NATIVE WHITE POPULATION

26 Maine. -41.6 -2.2 -46.6 -22.7 -18.4 -20.6 -40.8 -46.626 -12.6 8.3 -14.4 -12.8 -16.7 -2.6 -7.1 -7.127 -25.8 -14.6 -25.2 -19.7 -17.2 -10.9 -21.9 -24 728 -73.8 -45.6 -101.7 -6.0 -28.3 46.9 81 9 18.529 -0.2 0.8 -8.7 -10.5 5.1 3.8 2.4 4.1SO 49.0 80.2 6.4 18.7 -10.9 6.4 2.8 -6.6

Middle Atlantic:31 -270.8 140.3 138.1 -76.5 -74.9 -18.6 -146.4 -167.432 88.6 -18.8 179.8 72.0 71.4 46.3 9.4 -8.933 -531.3 -260.9 -380.2 -199.4 -178.1 -60.2 -70.0 -105.2

East North Central:34 Ohio 28.5 -68.6 58.2 233.4 -40.4 -29 6 -96.7 -92.835 15.0 7.1 -43.8 -88.1 -111.9 -7.6 -120 4 -101.236 -202.9 -58.7 80.8 -36.2 -198.9 44.0 -170.7 -192.537 61.7 18.1 239.9 181.5 -86.9 -26.8 -19 7 26.838 -110.8 -10.0 -53.2 -87.8 -103.8 -25.7 -76.6 -78.8

West North Central:39 Minnesota -163.1 27.1 -118.6 -1.2 -61.4 25.9 37.2 38.240 Iowa -180.9 -70.5 -164.0 -45.9 -249.1 -29.9 -108.2 2.741 Missouri -197.4 -36.8 -141.4 -173.7 -228 . 1 -50.0 2.4 -48.242 North Dakota -103.6 -99.1 -72.8 -46.3 81.8 20.4 I „„43 South Dakota -71.8 -96.8 -46.1 -33.7 59.6 -26.5 j 126 . 0

43 . 5

44 -125.9 -135.5 -81.1 -58.2 -62.4 -159.2 244.3 139.245 -90.1 -156.2 -84.6 -86.9 -18.2 -156.6 106.3 290.1

South Atlantic:46 Delaware 11.2 12.8 -8.8 0.8 -8.0 -8.7 -1.1 -2.«47 Maryland 167.6 72.2 -4.5 16.8 -26 9 -5.8 -29 4 -16.148 6.7 101.2 5.5 69.3 22.2 20.1 18 1 8.649 169.1 83.7 -111.7 -9.5 -85.6 -25.8 -83.6 -16.550 -193.0 -66.7 -62.7 -29.3 -6.2 3.6 -12 3 18.161 -81.6 -27.1 6.2 -47.7 -54.4 -41.7 -19.8 -7.652 -15.7 -8.7 -62.4 -8.0 -10.6 -10.8 -17.6 9.153 -88.2 -44.2 -155.1 -27.4 -30.8 -81.4 -85. K -20.854 488.7 208.4 221.1 84.5 46.6 10.1 24.8 7.8

East South Central:55 -299 . 1 -88.8 -188.4 -153.1 -169.9 -68.9 -85.6 -89.656 -68.6 -24.4 -100.6 -103.2 -127.8 -76.7 -64.9 -67.057 -108.6 -101.0 -69.7 -45.8 -82.8 -41.1 -12.1 -25.958 -94.8 -82.0 -33.8 -70.8 -19.0 -35.8 -47.7 -22.7

West South Central:5* -207 . 1 -95.6 -144.4 -74.4 -55.2 -77.6 26.3 58.060 -4.7 15.8 2.9 -17.8 15.8 9.2 -12.2 -11.861 Oklahoma -819.5 -253.4 -51.2 54.5 414.2 404.3 39.6 (•)62 134.4 -1.7 197.5 -28.4 60.6 95.6 90.9 233.9

Mountain :63 -41.9 -14.8 -66.9 76.4 51.0 87.1 89.8 8.264 -80.7 20.8 -49.5 31.5 81.9 31.0 24.6 8.665 -5.6 2.2 -1.8 19.9 19.8 11.7 19.1 5 666 21.1 7.4 -17.6 29.2 108.8 83.1 101.1 86.767 8.8 22.5 -17.2 -82 0 62.7 -2.3 2.7 -5.968 97.6 12.4 31.8 39.9 25.7 15.1 7.2 11.769 1.0 -27.6 -81.5 -7.6 2.8 -2.5 2.7 0.670 24.2 13.8 6.1 -6.1 21.6 -8.9 -10.0 0.8

Pacific:71 303.9 100.3 49.2 51.9 311.4 64.0 188 2 20.872 222.9 90.4 74.3 38.2 182.0 29.2 67.4 25.773

FOREIGN-BORN WHITE POPULATION

1,874.7 899.5 1,244.5 637.7 425.2 96.8 109.6 56.0

New England:25 6.9 0.8 7.5 14.8 28.9 24 4 25.0 13.426 3.8 1.0 4.0 9.2 18.9 22.7 27.9 17.127 2.0 -4.0 4.7 3.0 12.7 8.6 8.6 -1.42829

83.6 -26.6 120.9 191.8 824.8 278.0 259 3 123.7

301.7 -3.6 21.0 22.7 60.8 41.1 88.9 22.9

27.5 6.8 52.5 98.1 123.2 82.9 69.0 28.1

1 For 1870-1890, only white population in the 11 Western States; no estimates made for Negroes. » Not available.

46

C 31-73 MIGRATION

C 25-73. Estimated Net Intercensal Migration of Total, Native White, Foreign-Born White, and Negro


Stat.'1940 to1950

1980 to1940

1920 to1980

1910 to1920

1900 to1910

1890 to1900

1880 to1890

FOREIGN-BORN WHITE POPULATION—Con.

Middle Atlantic:New YorkNew Jet

:asl North Central:OhioIndianaIllinoisMichiganWisconsin

Weit North Central:MinnesotaIowaMissouriNorth DakotaSouth DakotaNebraska

South Atlantic:DelawareMarylandDistrict of Columbia.VirginiaWest VirginiaNorth CarolinaSouth Carolina

Central:

Vest South Central:Arkansas .Louisiana

MontanaIdahoWyomingColoradoNew Mexico.ArizonaUtahNevada

Washington .

NEGRO POPULATION

Maine.New Hampshire.VermontMassachusetts - - .Rhode IslandConnecticut

Middle Atlantic:New YorkNew JerseyPennsylvania.

East North Central:OhioIndianaIllinoisMichiganWisconsin

West North Central:Minnesota

IowaMissouriNorth DakotaSouth Dak.uaNebraska

South Atlantic:DelawareMarylandDistrict of Columbia -Virginia ,

West VirginiaNorth CarolinaSouth Carolina

111.058.6-5.5

16.59.51.0

86.43.4

-0.61.18.0

-5.8-0.2-0.21.1

0.815.710.713.4-1.16.12.36.1

65 0

Georgia .Florida..

2.74.03.02.5

2.86.42.365.8

-0.50.7

-0.86.18.713.04.21.7

29.614.8

265.4

-0.10.20 110.61.2

12.9

243.653.689.6

106.732.1179.8163.811.9

2.71.0

26.70.10.28.02.3

2.429.961.2

-80.6-16.7-127.3-159.0-191.2

7.2

120.1-18.9-60.4

-18.8-6.0-51 5-29.0-1.9

7.8-2.6-8 8-6 6-4.4-4.6-7.5

0.84.19.18.4

-2.81.60.60.6

22.0

-0.71.0

-0.6-0.2

(•)

-1.1-2.9-76.1

-4.4-0.8-2.1-7.3-6.4-19.4-8.2-1.5

7.73.3

88.8

0.2-0.3-0.22.70.62.2

136.99.6

20.8

20.78.6

49.428.01.0

1.0-0.419.2-0.1-0.10.6

-0.1

2.410.747.5

-36.9-4.1-60.0-94.4-90.849.9

761.3196.025.6

65.819.8

214.4223.680.9

6.9-1.86.7

-8.41.23 0

-4.4

-0.89.75.8

-2.7-3.92.7

-0.20.2

22.4

-1.00.71.11.1

-0.6-0.6-2.436.4

-5.9-0.90.60.3

-2.7-10.2

1.01.6

32.822.1414.2

-0.20.2

(•)

2.9-0.75.2

172.867.0101.7

90.723.2119.886.14.4

0.6-1.935.9-0.1-0.2

(')6.0

0.66.0

16.0-117.2

12.8-16.7-204.8-260.0

54.2

480 9181.6168.7

196 528.8222.0245.172 7

68.128 711.80.32.613.47.0

6.819.49.39 012.12 21.64.018.9

2.71.82.20.7

0.84.37.1

187.5

14.85.61.49.97.8

29.87.1

-0.2

44.4

17.2260.3

0.1

(*)-0.96.90.66.3

63.124.682.5

69.420.369.838.72.2

2.13.9

27.2-0.1

(')6.25.4

-0.67.0

18.8-27.216.6

-28.9-74.6-74.7

3.2

1,100.2286.2589.8

282.568.4

398 3151.1112.0

131.739.463 355 227.082.085.6

6.030.09.111.387.02 82.06.4

16.2

4.44.77.03.4

6.610.922.680.8

35.221.912.847.910.424.821.6111

149.857.5

259.1

0.2

0.85.90.60.5

85.818.582.9

15.64.123.51.90.6

2.6

-0.4-11.4

9.8-49.816.8

-28.4-72.0-16.240.7

589.7154.2282 9

102.132 9

278.488.3107.0

116 550.182 888.612.77.77.4

3.120.66.66.18.01.50.72.68.4

6.00.42.41.7

2.618.817.846.0

26.48.94.018.78.66.411.4-1.1

26.413.876.4

0.30.1

-0.19.91.62.5

38.817.739.2

5.28.1

22.70.43.0

5.91.6

(')4.914.0-2.3-0.6

-0.7-6.58.7

-70.85.8

-48.7-66.5-27.823.4

532 0188 5834 3

133 429.9332.6193 2176.3

226 4102.158 1

117.4

110 960.7

5.126.24.76.24.00.60.83 810.5

11.25.96.30.8

6.15.82.747.6

80.99.69.6

45.63.68.815.2-5.7

72.228.6104.7

-0.1

4.4

1.21.1

9.98.4

20.8

5.28.98.4

-1.20.1

1.60.4

-4.0

7.82.7

0-713

-538

-88.-18.612.816.8

> Not available. i 60.




[In thousands]

Serie»No.

1940 to1960

1930 to1940

1920 to1930

1910 to1920

1900 to1910

1890 to1900

1880 to1890

ss5657

6162

65666768

717273

East Sooth Central:

KentuckyTennesseeAlabama

Mississippi

West South Central:ArkansasLouisianaOklahomaTexas

Mountain:MontanaIdahoWyomingColoradoNew MexicoArizona

UtahNevada

Pacific:

WashingtonOregonCalifornia _.

-22 8-88 2-165.4-258.2

-116.1-113.8-38.9-67.2

17.86.9

258.9

-9.18.6

-68.8-68.2

-88.3-8.4-18.0

4.9

(>)(')-0.20.91.53.50.20.2

1.20.6

41.2

-16.6-14.0-80.7-68.8

-46.3-26.6199.7

-0.2-0.1-0.10.8

-2.91.9

-0.80.2

0.20.2

86.4

-16.6-29.3-70.8-129.6

-1.0-61.2

0.86.2

-0.10.8-0.60.74.16.80.4

-0.1

1.10.7

16.1

(')

-22 8-84.3-22.1-80.9

22.6-16.164.8

-10.2

0.30.31.28.1

0.20.60.4

8.40.69.8

-12.2-19.0-1.7-10.4

-7.9-21.679.37.1

-22.4-18.7-5.8-13.2

44.78.32.8

12.6

1 Not available. > Leas than 60.

Series C 74-79. Estimated Annual Movement of the Farm Population: 1920 to 1957

[In I

Farmpopulation,April 1

74

Change since preceding April

Netchange:Births

anddeaths

76

Migration 1

NetTo

farms

77

Fromfarms

78

Changethroughchange inclassification of

residence '

79

Year

Farmpopulation,April 1

Change since preceding April

Netchange:Birthsand

deaths

75

Migration 1

NetTo

farmsFromfarms

1957.1966.

1965.1964.1963-1952.1961.

1950.1949.1948-1947.1946-

1946.1944-1948-1942-1941.

1940.

20,39622,257

22,16821,89022,67924,28324,160

25,05825.95425,90327 , 12426,483

26,29626,49626,68129,23430,273

30,647

875355

369882392394404

418422465490824

364377422385359

410

-2.286-256

-91-1,171-1,996-271

-1,802

-1 314371

-1,686151864

-564-1,E6S-2,975-1,424-688

-688

469497

644675528648697

9951,1711,0161,7682,686

9161,096824822

819

2,695753

6351,8462,524

9141,899

2,3091,5422,7021,6171,721

1,4802,6583,7992,2461,329

1,402 -120

1939,1938.1987-1986.

1935-1934-1933.1982.1981.

1980.1929.1928.1927.1926.

1925.1924.1928.1922.1921.1920.

80,84030,98031,26681,787

82,16132,30532,39331,38830,845

80 , 52980 , 68030,54880,63030,979

81 , 19081,17781,49032,10932 , 12331,974

405875868875

383876398887377

426464475468491

600494518560486

-420-629-690-642

-415-482326-79-806

-477-422-457-907-702

-487-807

-1,187-664-336

823872719826

783951

1,5441,6881,740

1,6041.6981,7051,4271,336

581355115759560

1,2431,4011,4091,467

1,1981,4381,2191,7622,046

2,0812,1202,1622,3342,038

2,0682,1622,2621,323896

1 Beginning 1940, includes persons going into or returning from Armed Forces, andincludes changes through migration and in classification of residence. From 1980to 1939, excludes entrance into or withdrawal from the farm population withoutmigration. Comparability of figures for 1930-1939 with those for subsequent years

may be obtained by adding net migration figures (series C 76) to figures showing changein classification of residence (series C 79).

1 Changes resulting from cessation of or beginning of farm operations on places fromwhich residents did not move.

Series C 80-87. Mobility Status and Type of Mobility of the Civilian Population One Year Old and Over: 1947 to 1957

[In thousands]

Totalcivilian

population 1 (nonmovers) Total

Different house in the United States (movers)

Different county (migrants)

TotalWithina State States

Abroadat beginning ofperiod

April 1956 to April 1957March 1955 to March 1956April 1964 to April 1966April 1953 to April 1954April 1952 to April 1953

April 1961 to April 1952April 1950 to April 1951March 1949 to March 1960April 1948 to April 1949April 1947 to April 1948

i Population 1 year old and over st end of

164,371161,497168,609165,679158,038

160,494148,400146,864144,101141,698

131,648127,457126,190125.664121,512

120,016116,936118,849116,498113,026

81,83433,09831,49229,02730,786

29,84031,15827,62627,12728,210

21,56622 , 18621,08619,04620,688

19,87420,69419,27618,79219,202

10,26810,91210.4069,98110,148

9,96610,4648,2608,8369,008

5,1926,8595,6114,9474.626

4,8646,2764,3603,9924,638

5,0765,0534,8956,0345,622

5,1126,1883,8894,3444,870

942927998740

688306491476

47

chapter C

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION (Series C 88-283)


The continuous record of immigration to the United States

began in 1819, under the Act of 1819, which required the cap

tain or master of a vessel arriving from abroad to deliver to

the local collector of customs a list or manifest of all passengers

taken on board. This list was to designate the age, sex, and

occupation of each passenger, "the country to which they sev

erally belonged," and the number that had died on the voyage.

Copies of these manifests were to be transmitted to the Sec

retary of State, who reported the information periodically to

Congress. Subsequently, the Act of 1855 prescribed quarterly

reports to the Secretary of State and annual reports to Con

gress. Later acts have continued to require the collection of

such information.

Although the reporting of alien arrivals was required by the

Act of 1798, which expired two years later, the number arriv

ing before 1819 is not known. William J. Bromwell, in his

History of Immigration to the United States, 1856 (pp. 18-19),

estimated the number of passengers of foreign birth arriving

here from the close of the Revolutionary War to 1819, at

250,000. This estimate was used by the Bureau of Statistics

which later compiled the official statistics of immigration.

Immigration statistics were compiled by the Department of

State for 1820-1870; by the Treasury Department, Bureau of

Statistics, for 1867-1895; and since 1892, by a separate Office

or Bureau of Immigration, now a part of the Immigration and

Naturalization Service. For 1892-1932, the Bureau of Immi

gration issued annual reports. For 1933-1940, the data were

summarized in the Annual Report of the Secretary of Labor;

for 1941, they were issued in the Annual Report of the Attor

ney General; for 1942, no report was published; and for subse

quent years, the statistics appeared in the Annual Report of

the Immigration and Naturalization Service.

Since 1820 the official immigration data have undergone

many changes in the reporting area covered. During the first

decades only arrivals by vessel at Atlantic and Gulf ports were

reported. Arrivals at Pacific ports were first included in 1850.

During the Civil War the only Southern ports that reported

were those controlled by the Federal Government. Later the

reporting area was expanded to include arrivals at outlying

possessions. Arrivals in Alaska were first reported in 1871,

but only irregularly thereafter until 1904, after which Alaska

was regularly included among the places of entry. Arrivals in

Hawaii were first included in 1901, Puerto Rico in 1902, and

the Virgin Islands in 1942.

Counting arrivals at the land borders was not required by

the early immigration acts, and the counting of such arrivals

did not approach completeness until after 1904. For 1820-

1823, a few arrivals by land borders were included. Complete

reporting was attempted in 1855 with only partial success,

was interrupted for several years by the Civil War, and was

discontinued in 1885. Beginning in 1894, European immigrants

who arrived at Canadian ports with the declared intention of

proceeding to the United States were included in the immigra

tion statistics. Some immigration was reported at land border

stations established in 1904. More stations were opened in

the following years, but reporting of land border arrivals was

not fully established until 1908.

The statistical treatment of Canadian and Mexican immi

grants at times has differed from that of other immigrants.

When reporting of arrivals by land borders was discontinued

in 1885, regular reporting of Canadian and Mexican arrivals

by vessel was also discontinued; however, a few Canadian and

Mexican immigrants were reported in most of the following

years. Arrivals of Canadians and Mexicans by land borders

began to be reported in 1906, and reporting was fully estab

lished in 1908 under authority of the Act of 1907, which pro

vided for the inspection of Canadians and Mexicans at the

land borders.

Not all aliens entering via the Canadian and Mexican borders

are counted for inclusion in the immigration statistics. Before

1930, no count was made of residents of a year or longer of

Canada, Newfoundland, or Mexico who planned to remain in

the United States less than 6 months. For 1930-1945 the fol

lowing classes of aliens entering via the land borders were

counted and included in the statistics of immigration:

(1) Those who have not been in the United States within

6 months, who come to stay more than 6 months; (2) those

for whom straight head tax is a prerequisite to admission,

or for whom head tax is specially deposited and subsequently

converted to straight head tax account; (3) those required

by law or regulation to present an immigration visa or re

entry permit, and those who surrender either, regardless of

whether they are required by law or regulation to do so;

(4) those announcing an intention to depart via a seaport of

the United States for Hawaii or insular possessions of the

United States, or for foreign countries, except arrivals from

Canada intending to return thereto by water; and (5) those

announcing an intention to depart across the other land

boundary.

These classes were revised in 1945 so that the statistics of

arriving aliens at land border ports of entry for 1945-1952 in

cluded (1) arriving aliens who came into the United States for

30 days or more; and (2) returning alien residents who had

been out of the United States more than 6 months. Arriving

aliens who came into the United States for 29 days or less

were not counted except those certified by public health offi

cials, aliens held for a board of special inquiry, aliens excluded

and deported, and aliens in transit who announced an intention

to depart across another land boundary, or by sea.

Since 1953, all arriving aliens at land border ports of entry

are counted and included except: (1) Canadian citizens and

British subjects resident in Canada who were admitted for 6

months or less; (2) Mexican citizens who were admitted for

72 hours or less in the United States; and (3) returning

residents who had been out of the United States for more than

6 months. Beginning with February 1956, residents returning

from stays in Western Hemisphere countries of less than 6

months have not been counted. Because of changes in regula

tions in 1957, returning residents without reentry permits or

visas who have been abroad for 1 year or less are not counted.

Persons who cross the land borders for brief periods (border

crossers) are not included in the immigration and emigration

statistics, but the Immigration and Naturalization Service

publishes statistics on alien and citizen border crossers in the

Annual Report.

48

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION C 88-114

Arrivals in and departures from the Philippine Islands were

recorded in the port tables for 1910-1924, but were not included

in the total immigration data. For 1926-1931, such arrivals

and departures were obtained annually from the Bureau of

Insular Affairs, War Department, and published in separate

tables. The Immigration Service has no records since 1932

of arrivals in, or departures from, the Philippine Islands to

foreign countries.

Data on aliens admitted to continental United States from

insular possessions have been compiled since 1908 but are not

included in the immigration totals. Aliens admitted from

Hawaii and Puerto Rico have been reported continuously since

1908. Aliens admitted from the Philippine Islands were re

ported from 1908-1934, but since then all arrivals from and

departures to the Philippine Islands have been included with

data from other foreign countries. Aliens admitted from the

Virgin Islands have been recorded since 1917. The departure

of aliens from the mainland to Hawaii and Puerto Rico was

first recorded in 1918. Records are available since 1918 of

aliens passing between insular possessions. Data on aliens

from Guam are available since 1929; Samoa, since 1932. Rec

ords of United States citizens' arrival in continental United

States from insular possessions, and in insular possessions from

continental United States and other insular possessions, are

available since 1920.

Definition of terms. For 1820-1867, immigration totals

(compiled by the Department of State) were shown as alien

passenger arrivals, but may have included alien passengers who

died before arrival, and did include, for 1856-1867, temporary

visitors among arriving alien passengers. For the 12-year

period, the temporary visitors constituted about 1% percent

of the alien passenger arrivals.

For 1868-1891, the Bureau of Statistics immigrant arrival

figures (excluding temporary visitors), were reported. Since

1892, official immigration data have been compiled by the Office

of Immigration (and its successors) and for 1892-1895 its

totals were 7 to 8 percent lower than those for the Bureau of

Statistics for that period. The difference is largely attributable

to the limitation of the Office of Immigration figures to alien

steerage passengers; cabin class passengers were not again

included as immigrants until 1904. A further difference was

that the Bureau of Statistics figures were for arrivals and

those of the Office of Immigration were for admissions.

For 1895-1897, the Office of Immigration readopted arrivals

and the figures include the 2,419 aliens debarred in 1895, the

2,799 in 1896, and 1,880 in 1897. In later years, the immigra

tion data were further refined to exclude aliens in transit

through the United States (1904), and resident aliens return

ing from a visit abroad ( 1906) .

In 1906 arriving aliens were divided into two classes: Immi

grants, or those who intended to settle in the United States,

and nonimmigrants, or admitted aliens who declared an inten

tion not to settle in the United States, and all aliens returning

to resume domiciles formerly acquired in the United States.

The official record of emigration began in 1907. It was

made possible by the Immigration Act of 1907, which required

all steamship companies carrying departing aliens to furnish

manifests similar to those required for arriving aliens.

For 1908-1932, aliens arriving in or departing from the

United States were classified as follows: Arriving aliens with

permanent domicile outside the United States who intended to

reside permanently in the United States were classed as immi

grants ; departing aliens with permanent residence in the United

States who intended to reside permanently abroad were classed

as emigrants; all alien residents making a temporary trip

abroad and all aliens residing abroad making a temporary trip

to the United States were classed as nonimmigrants on the

inward journey and nonemigrants on the outward. Permanent

residence was defined as a residence of 1 year or longer.

(Annual Report of the Commissioner General of Immigration,

1908, p. 6.)

Since 1933, aliens arriving in or departing from the United

States have been classified as follows: Immigrants are non

resident aliens admitted to the United States for permanent

residence; they are further classified as quota immigrants, or

those admitted under established quotas from European coun

tries, Asia, Africa, and the Pacific, and colonies, dependencies,

and protectorates of European countries; and nonquota immi

grants, i.e., natives from the independent countries of the

Western Hemisphere, their wives and unmarried children un

der 18 years of age; wives, husbands, and unmarried children

of citizens of the United States; ministers and professors who

enter to carry on their professions, and their wives and chil

dren; and others. Since 1952 (Immigration and Nationality

Act) , professors have been removed from the nonquota classes.

Husbands as well as wives of ministers and of natives of

independent countries in the Western Hemisphere may be ad

mitted as nonquota.

Nonimmigrants are alien residents of the United States re

turning from a temporary visit abroad, or nonresident aliens

admitted to the United States for a temporary period. In

cluded in this group are visitors, transients, treaty traders

(treaty investors since December 1952), students, foreign

government officials, officials to international organizations,

wives and unmarried children of these groups, and agricultural

laborers from the West Indies (and from Japan since 1957).

Excluded are travelers between the United States and insular

possessions, commuters and others who frequently cross the

international land boundaries, and agricultural laborers from

Mexico and Canada.

Emigrants are aliens who have resided in the United States

for a year or longer and who are leaving the United States

for a permanent residence abroad. Nonemigrants are resident

aliens of the United States who are leaving the United States

for a temporary period abroad, or nonresident aliens of the

United States who have been in the United States for less than

a year and who are returning to permanent residence abroad.

Except for returning alien residents, the definition of immi

grants used in the statistical tables resembles the legal defini

tion given above. Under the law, returning alien residents are

classed as nonquota immigrants, whereas in the statistics they

are defined as nonimmigrants.

The definitions of immigrant and emigrant, nonimmigrant

and nonemigrant, have to some extent impaired the reliability

of net immigration figures. While an immigrant is admitted

for permanent residence, he may change his mind and depart

prior to residence of 1 year, in which case he is counted as an

immigrant on arrival and a nonemigrant on departure. An

alien who comes for a temporary visit and fails to depart

within a year is classed as a nonimmigrant on arrival and an

emigrant on departure.

C 88-114. Immigrants, by country, 1820-1957.

Source: 1820-1932, Immigration and Naturalization Service,

unpublished records, and Bureau of Immigration, Annual Re

ports of the Commissioner General of Immigration as follows:

1820-1926, Report for 1926, pp. 170-178; 1927-1931, Report

for 1931, pp. 222-223; 1932, Report for 1932, pp. 120-125;

and 1933-1957, Immigration and Naturalization Service,

records.

Data prior to 1906 cover countries from which the aliens

came; data for years following, countries of last permanent

49

C 89-109 MIGRATION

residence. Owing to changes in the list of countries separately

reported and to changes in boundaries, data for certain coun

tries are not comparable throughout. Under the provisions

of the Immigration and Nationality Act, subquotas of 100 each

were established for colonies or dependencies, to be charged

against the quota of the mother country. Because of these

provisions, since January 1953, statistics have been compiled

for each colony or dependency having a subquota.

The principal changes in reporting immigrants by country

since 1820 are shown in the detailed listing below.

See also general note for series C 88-151.

C 89-100. Immigration from Europe, 1820-1957.

Source: See source for series C 88-114.

Since 1820, territorial transfers in Europe have to a certain

extent impaired the comparability of immigration statistics

from that continent. Data for Austria-Hungary were not re

ported until 1861. Austria and Hungary have been reported

separately since 1905. For 1938-1945, Austria is included with

Germany. Bulgaria, Serbia, and Montenegro were first re

ported in 1899. In 1920 Bulgaria was reported separately,

as was the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (identified

as Yugoslavia since 1922). Prior to 1925 Northern Ireland

was included with Ireland (Eire). The figures for Norway

and Sweden were combined from 1820-1868, but since 1869

each country has been reported separately. Poland was re

corded as a separate country for 1820-1898 and since 1920.

During 1899-1919 Poland was included with Austria-Hungary,

Germany, and Russia. There is no record of immigration from

Rumania prior to 1880.

International transfers in territory following World War I

resulted in the establishment of several countries. In 1920,

Czechoslovakia, Finland, Poland, and the Kingdom of Serbs,

Croats, and Slovenes (designated as Yugoslavia in 1925) were

added to the immigration lists; in 1924, Albania, Estonia,

Latvia, and Lithuania were added; in 1925, the Free City of

Danzig and Luxembourg were added.

The Immigration Act of 1924, which established quotas for

all independent countries in Europe, Asia, Africa, and the

Pacific has effected a further change in the immigration lists

of countries. This change, however, was not fully felt until

1931. In that year Andorra, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Monaco,

and San Marino were added to the European countries, and

the Russian Empire was classified into European Russia (desig

nated as U.S.S.R. in Europe since 1947) and Siberia, or Asiatic

Russia. The principal effect of the 1924 Act, however, was in

the extension of the lists of Asian, African, and Western

Hemisphere countries.

In 1950, Bessarabia and the northern portion of Bukovina

were included in the U.S.S.R. instead of in Rumania. The

Dodecanese Islands were included in Greece instead of Italy.

The Free Territory of Trieste, formerly a part of Italy and

Yugoslavia, was established as an independent country.

C 101-105. Immigration from Asia, 1820-1957.


China and India are the only countries in Asia for which the

records of immigration to the United States date back to 1820.

A few immigrants from Japan were recorded in 1861, 1866,

and 1867, but complete records for Japan begin in 1869.

Figures for Turkey in Asia are available since 1869. Data

on some immigration from Arabia are recorded for 1876-1895;

from Armenia for 1874-1895; and from Persia for 1871-1895.

For 1896-1923, immigration from Asia included only China,

India, Japan, Turkey in Asia, and "other Asia." In 1924,

Syria was added, and in 1925 Armenia, Palestine, and Persia

(Iran) were added to the lists of Asian countries. Since 1934

Armenia has been included in Russia. In 1931 Siberia, or

Asiatic Russia, was separated from European Russia, and Iraq

and Siam (Thailand) were added to the lists.

In 1945, the classification of country in the country-of-birth

statistics (on which the Quota Law is based) was adopted for

the immigration statistics. This change resulted in the addi

tion to the immigration lists of Afghanistan, Arabian Peninsula,

Bhutan, Muscat, Nepal, Saudi Arabia, and Asiatic colonies,

dependencies, and protectorates of European countries. Since

1948, the following countries have been added to the immigra

tion lists: (1948) Burma, Ceylon, Jordan, Korea, and Pakistan;

(1949) Israel (formerly included with Palestine), Lebanon (for

merly included with Syria), and Yemen; (1950) Indonesia;

(1952) Bonin Volcano Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Cambodia, and

Laos; (1957) Formosa.

C 106-109. Immigration from America, 1820-1957.


Prior to 1920 Canada and Newfoundland were recorded under

country of last permanent residence as British North America.

Combined figures are available for Canada and Newfoundland

for 1920-1924; for 1925-1948 each was reported separately.

Since 1950, Newfoundland has been included in Canada.

Statistics of European immigrants arriving in Canada en

route to the United States have been available since 1894.

For 1894-1906, the data refer principally to European aliens

arriving at Canadian Atlantic and Pacific ports en route to the

United States. Inspection of Canadians and Mexicans was first

authorized by the Act of 1907, and 1908 is, therefore, the first

complete year for which all immigration via the land borders

was recorded.

Immigration from Mexico has been recorded for 1820-1885

and for 1894 to the present. Immigration statistics for the

West Indies have been available since 1820. For 1820-1860

there was no classification of the West Indies, by country.

For 1860-1898, some immigration was recorded from Antigua

(1873-1895), Bahamas (1871-1895), Barbados (1869-1895),

Bermuda (1861-1895), Cuba (1869-1898), Curacao (1873-

1895), Haiti (1869-1895), Jamaica (1869-1895), Puerto Rico

(1869-1895), Saint Croix (1871-1895), Saint Thomas (1872-

1895), and Trinidad (1874-1895). For 1899-1924, there again

was no classification by country of immigration from the West

Indies. Immigration from Cuba has been separately recorded

since 1925; from the British West Indies, Dominican Republic,

Dutch West Indies, French West Indies, and Haiti since 1931;

and from Bermuda since 1945. For detailed data, see Annual

Report of Commissioner General of Immigration for each year,

1892-1932. Since January 1963, all countries in the West

Indies have been reported.

Immigration from Central America has been recorded since

1820, but not by country during most of that period. Separate

statistics are available for 1895-1898 for Guatemala, Honduras,

Nicaragua, and Salvador; and for 1895-1897 for Costa Rica.

British Honduras was also enumerated separately for 1874-

1910. With the above exceptions, only figures for total immi

gration were available for Central America until 1925. Immi

gration has been reported separately from British Honduras

since 1925, and from the Canal Zone, Costa Rica, Guatemala,

Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and Salvador since 1931.

Immigration from South America has also been reported in

total since 1820 but, with the following exceptions, not by coun

try until 1925. For 1869-1895, separate enumerations were

made for Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guiana, Peru, and

Venezuela; and for 1871-1895 for the Argentine Republic. Sep

arate figures for Brazil have been again available since 1925;


and since 1931 for Argentina, Bolivia, British Guiana, Dutch

Guiana, French Guiana, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay,

Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela.

C 110. Immigration from Africa, 1820-1957.


Immigration from Africa has been recorded since 1820, but,

with few exceptions, was not classified by country until 1931.

There is record of some immigration from Liberia in 1829,

1839, 1844, and for 1857-1893; Algeria, 1872-1894; Egypt,

1869-1895; and South Africa, 1869-1895. For 1890-1924, only

immigration for continental Africa was reported. Immigration

from Egypt was again recorded in 1925. Immigration from

Ethiopia (Abyssinia), Liberia, Morocco, and Union of South

Africa, has been recorded since 1931. In 1945 "other Africa"

was classified into Cameroons (British Mandate), Cameroons

(French Mandate), Ruanda and Urundi (trust territory, Bel

gium), South-West Africa (Mandate of the Union of South

Africa), Tanganyika (trust territory, United Kingdom), Togo-

land (British Mandate), Togoland (trust territory, France),

and colonies, dependencies, or protectorates of Belgium,

France, Great Britain, Italy, Portugal, and Spain.

Since 1945, the following countries have been added: 1953:

Libya and Somaliland (Italian administration), and Southern

Rhodesia. Eritrea, which was federated with Ethiopia, was

included with Ethiopia. 1957: Ghana (composed of British

territories, Gold Coast and British Togoland), Sudan, and

Tunisia.

C 111-113. Immigration from Australasia, 1870-1957.


Immigration from Australia was recorded separately in 1822,

1839-1840, and for most of the years 1854-1898. For 1899-

1924, a combined total was recorded for Australia, Tasmania,

and New Zealand, and since 1925 Australia has been again

reported separately. Separate figures for New Zealand are

available for 1870-1890. For 1891-1893, New Zealand was in

cluded in "all other countries"; for 1894-1898 in "Pacific

Islands, not specified," and for 1899-1924 with Australia and

Tasmania. Separate figures for New Zealand have again been

available since 1925.

The following countries were added to the immigration lists

of the Pacific in 1945: Nauru (British Mandate); Territory of

New Guinea including appertaining islands (Australian Man

date) ; Western Samoa (New Zealand Mandate) ; Yap and other

Pacific Islands under Japanese Mandate; and colonies, depend

encies, or protectorates of France, Great Britain, Japan, Neth

erlands, and Portugal. In 1952, the Pacific Islands (trust ter

ritory, U. S. administration) were added.

C 115-132.- Immigrants, by major occupation group, 1820-1957.

Source: 1820-1890, Treasury Department, Bureau of Statis

tics, Arrivals of Alien Passengers and Immigrants in the United

States, 1820-1890, pp. 42-49; 1891, Treasury Department,

Bureau of Statistics, Immigration into the United States Show

ing Number, Nationality, Sex, Age, Occupation, Destination,

. . . from 1820-1903; 1892-1898, Bureau of Immigration, Annual

Reports of Commissioner General of Immigration; 1899-1944,

Immigration and Naturalization Service, unpublished records;

1945-1957, Annual Reports of the Immigration and Natural

ization Service.

The major occupation groups for 1820-1898 include the fol

lowing categories: Professional—occupations which involve a

liberal education or its equivalent and mental rather than man

ual skills; commercial—agents, bankers, hotelkeepers, manufac

turers, and merchants and dealers; skilled—occupations requir

ing special training of a manual rather than mental nature.

A "farmer" is one who operates a farm, either for himself or

for others; a "farm laborer" is one who works on a farm for

the man who operates it. The "no occupation" group includes

dependent women and children, other aliens without occupation,

and aliens whose occupations were not stated.

Although the data are shown in broad occupation groups,

the instructions for compiling statistics specified that the occu

pation should be described as precisely as possible. For ex

ample, civil engineer, stationary engineer, mining engineer,

brass polisher, steel polisher, iron molder, wood turner, etc.,

should be so described, and not entered simply as engineer,

polisher, molder, turner, or other indefinite designation.

In 1945 the Immigration and Naturalization Service adopted

the major occupation groups as shown in the Sixteenth Census

of the United States, Alphabetical Index of Occupations and In

dustries. It also grouped occupations of immigrants for 1899-

1944 (compiled in unpublished records) as closely as possible

into the new groups. Since 1951, occupations have been coded

and grouped in accordance with the definitions in U. S. Census

of Population: 1950, Alphabetical Index of Occupations and

Industries.

The occupation figures include all immigrants, those with

and without work experience. The "no occupation" group in

cludes housewives, unemployed, retired persons, students, chil

dren under 14 years of age, aliens with no occupation, and

occupation unknown or not reported.


C 133, 135-138. Immigrants, by age, 1820-1957.

Source: 1820-1897, Treasury Department, Bureau of Statis

tics, Monthly Summary of Commerce and Finance of the U. S.,

No. 12, series 1902-1903, pp. 4358 and 4362; 1898-1932, An

nual Reports of the Commissioner General of Immigration;

1933-1957, data are from Immigration and Naturalization

Service, records.

Some of the published estimates have been revised because

of apparent printing errors in the source.

The age groups used to classify immigrants have changed a

number of times since 1820, thereby impairing to a certain

extent their comparability. For 1820-1898, the classification

was: Under 15 years, 15 to 40, and over 40 years. In addition,

the age of nearly 250,000 immigrants, or 4 percent of the

total, for 1820-1866 was not reported.

For 1899-1917 the age classification was: Under 14 years,

14 to 44, and 45 years and over; for 1918-1924 it was under 16

years, 16 to 44, and 45 years and over.

Although only three age groups were generally used before

1925, a more detailed classification was used for 1910-1924 for

single females: 15 to 19 years, 20 to 24, 25 to 29, and 30 to 34

in 1910; 14 to 21 years, 22 to 29, 30 to 37, and 38 to 44 for

1911-1917; 16 to 21 years, 22 to 29, 30 to 37, and 38 to 44

for 1918-1924.

In 1925 the age classification was enlarged from 3 to 6

groups: Under 16 years, 16 to 21, 22 to 29, 30 to 37, 38 to 44,

and 45 years and over. In 1940, it was enlarged to 12 groups,

with a lower limit of under 11 years, 5-year age groups until

60, and an upper limit of over 60 years. In 1945, it was

further enlarged into 5-year groups, with a lower age limit

of under 5 years and an upper open-end limit of 100 years and

over.


C 134. Percent male immigrants, 1820-1957.

Source: 1820-1910, Senate Doc. No. 756, 61st Congress, Re

ports of the Immigration Commission, vol. 3, pp. 6 and 7;

1911-1931, Bureau of Immigration, Annual Report of the

51

C 139-158 MIGRATION

Commissioner General of Immigration, 1931, p. 238; 1932, An

nual Report of the Commissioner General of Immigration, 1932,

p. 58; 1933-1957, Immigration and Naturalization Service,

records.

Although the Act of 1819 required that arriving immigrants

be recorded by sex, these data were not satisfactorily com

piled before 1869. (See Senate Doc. No. 756 cited above, p. 5.)

The earlier reports of the Secretary of State to Congress con

tain partial data on this subject, and in 1911 the Immigration

Commission compiled these data to show the approximate sex

distribution for 1820-1867. Therefore the percentages given

in series C 134 cannot be reduced to numbers. Moreover, the

data are not complete, as in most years sex was not reported

for a considerable number of immigrants; but on the whole

the percentages may be accepted as fairly representative of

the sex distribution in the years considered.

C 139-151. Annual quota and aliens admitted, by classes,

1925-1957.

Source: Annual Reports of Immigration and Naturalization

Service and Presidential Proclamations on quotas.

For 1925-1929, the annual quota (series C 139) of 164,667

was based on 2 percent of the foreign-born residents in the

United States as determined by the 1890 Census. The present

"national origin" formula for determining quotas, which has

not changed since 1929, provides that the annual quota equal

one-sixth of one percent of the number of white inhabitants

in continental United States in 1920, less Western Hemisphere

immigrants and their descendants. The annual quota for any

nationality for each fiscal year is the number which bears the

same ratio to 150,000 as the number of inhabitants in conti

nental United States in 1920 having that national origin bears

to the number of inhabitants in continental United States

in 1920, but the minimum quota for any nationality is 100.

Changes in quotas since 1929 have been due chiefly to

changes in territorial boundaries of quota areas and to the

establishment of new quotas for countries that have become

independent.

The classes presented in these series are legal classes of ad

mission, as defined in the Act of 1924, and the Immigration

and Nationality Act of 1952. Returning resident aliens, who

have been counted before as immigrants, are included with

nonimmigrants.

In general, statistics on aliens admitted have been derived

from manifests or entry documents. Changes in regulations

extending documentary waivers for nonimmigrants entering

via the Canadian or Mexican border, or from adjacent islands,

have impaired comparability of the nonimmigrant statistics.

For example, the figure on nonimmigrant admissions dropped

in 1953 because beginning with 1953, the nonimmigrant figures

have excluded, with certain exceptions, Canadian citizens and

British subjects resident in Canada who were admitted for 6

months or less. In prior years the nonimmigrant figures ex

cluded entries over the Canadian border for 29 days or less.

The reduction in the number of returning residents in 1956

and 1957 may be attributed to changes in regulations extend

ing documentary waivers to resident aliens returning from

stays in Western Hemisphere countries of less than 6 months.

The waiver has recently been extended further to returning

residents who have been abroad less than 1 year.


C 152-155. Aliens deported, voluntarily departing, and ex

cluded, 1892-1957.

Source: Annual Report of Immigration and Naturalization

Service, 1957, pp. 46, 50.

C 153, aliens deported. Undesirable aliens who have vio

lated certain immigration laws may be expelled or deported

under formal deportation proceedings. Deportation of alien

contract laborers within one year after entry was authorized

by the Act of 1888. Deportation statistics, however, have

been compiled only since 1892, shortly after enactment of the

Act of 1891, which provided for the deportation of all aliens

who entered unlawfully. The classes of deportable aliens were

extended by subsequent acts and are now defined in the Immi

gration and Nationality Act of 1952. The principal deportable

classes are criminals (including violators of narcotic laws),

immoral classes, mental or physical defectives, public charges,

subversives, and those who entered illegally or failed to main

tain or comply with the conditions of admission.

C 154, aliens voluntarily departing. An alien may con

cede deportability and be permitted to depart voluntarily

at his own expense. Statistics on aliens voluntarily depart

ing have been recorded only since 1927.

C 155, aliens excluded. Prior to 1882, various State laws

were enacted excluding from admission to the United States

undesirable aliens such as paupers, felons, and diseased

aliens. The first Chinese exclusion law was passed in 1882.

Lunatics, idiots, and persons likely to become public charges

were first excluded by the Act of 1882.

Statistics on aliens excluded were first compiled in 1892,

shortly after passage of the Act of 1891, which extended the

classes of excludable aliens. Subsequent acts, principally the

Immigration Act of 1917, and the Immigration and Nationality

Act of 1952, extended these classes further. At present, the

principal classes excluded are attempted illegal entries, crim

inals (including violators of narcotic laws), immoral persons,

subversive or anarchistic persons, and mental or physical de

fectives.

C 156-157. Aliens departing, 1908-1957.

Source: 1908-1910, Bureau of Immigration, Annual Report

of the Commissioner General of Immigration, 1931, pp. 213 and

239; 1911-1956, Annual Report of the Immigration and Nat

uralization Service, 1956, p. 48; 1957, Ibid, 1957 reports, p. 31.

For definition of terms, see general note for series C 88-151.


Prior to 1906, individual courts kept records of naturaliza

tions, but no national data were compiled. The Act of 1906

required all courts conducting naturalization proceedings to

file with a central Federal agency a copy of each declaration

of intention and petition of naturalization filed and of each

certificate of naturalization issued.

For 1907-1912 naturalization statistics were compiled by the

Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization. For 1913-1932

they were compiled by the Bureau of Naturalization. For

1933-1940, they were given in the Annual Reports of the Secre

tary of Labor and for 1941 in the Annual Report of the Attor

ney General. No report was published in 1942. For subse

quent years, the statistics appeared in Annual Reports of the

Immigration and Naturalization Service.

C 158. Declarations filed, 1907-1957.

Source: 1907-1910, Annual Report of the Secretary of

Labor, 1940, p. 115; 1911-1957, Annual Report of Immigration

and Naturalization Service, 1957, p. 67.


Section 331 of the Nationality Act of 1940 provided that an

applicant for naturalization after reaching the age of 18 years

must make under oath, not less than 2 nor more than 7 years

prior to his petition for naturalization, a signed declaration

of intention to become a citizen. This section contained sub

stantially the requirements of the Basic Naturalization Act of

1906 concerning the declaration of intention. The Immigration

52


and Nationality Act of 1952, which repealed the Nation

ality Act of 1940, provides that a declaration of intention may

be filed, but it is not a prerequisite to naturalization. In a

number of States, in order to obtain employment, a license,

etc., an alien applicant must prove that he intends to become

a citizen. The law permits the filing of a declaration to show

such intent.

Prior to 1930 the number of declarations of intention was

far in excess of the number of aliens naturalized. This was

due mainly to the failure of many aliens to file a petition for

naturalization within the prescribed time limit, as well as the

denial of a number of petitions for naturalization. In most of

the years since 1930 the number of aliens naturalized has ex

ceeded the declarations filed, because of the increasing number

of persons who were exempted from the general requirements

for a declaration of intention.

Since 1907, a number of laws have been passed exempting

special classes of persons from the general requirement of a

declaration of intention. Most of these laws were codified

into the Nationality Act of 1940. Included among such ex

empted classes were noncitizen spouses of United States citi

zens; certain former citizens; noncitizens who, because of

misinformation, erroneously exercised the rights of citizen

ship; noncitizens who, at the time of entering the United

States, were under 16 years of age; certain noncitizens

who served honorably in the United States Armed Forces or

on certain vessels ; and certain noncitizen children.

C 159. Aliens naturalized, 1907-1957.

Source: See source for series C 158.

"Aliens naturalized" are aliens upon whom naturalization

was conferred in the United States by a naturalization court

or outside of the United States by a representative of the

Immigration and Naturalization Service. The total number of

aliens naturalized includes both civilian and military natural

izations.

The statistics of aliens naturalized do not include the follow

ing groups: Repatriations under section 323 of the Nationality

Act of 1940 of former citizens of "the United States who lost

citizenship by entering the armed forces of allied countries

during World War I, and former citizens who lost citizenship

of the United States by voting in a political election in a

foreign state (other than a state at war with the United

States during World War II) ; repatriations of women who

were citizens at birth but who lost or were believed to have

lost citizenship through marriage to an alien and whose mar

riages were terminated; repatriations under the Act of 1936,

as amended, of native-born women who lost citizenship by

marriage; and repatriations of persons who lost citizenship by

voting in a political election or plebiscite in Italy (Act of 1951)

and in occupied Japan (Act of 1954).

Separate statistics on these repatriations are compiled by

the Immigration and Naturalization Service which also com

piles statistics on certificates of derivative citizenship granted

and denied, expatriations and certificates of naturalization

revoked, and petitions for naturalization denied.

C 160-161. Aliens naturalized, by sex, 1923-1957.

Source: 1923-1932, Bureau of Naturalization, Annual Report

of the Commissioner of Naturalization, 1923-1932; 1933-1940,

Annual Report of the Secretary of Labor, 1933-1940; 1941-

1957, Annual Report of the Immigration and Naturalization

Service for 1949 and 1957.

See also general note for series C 158-170 and text for

series C 159.

488910 O - 60 - 5

C 162-169. Aliens naturalized, by place of former allegiance,

1923-1957.

Source: 1923-1932, Annual Report of the Commissioner of

Naturalization; 1933-1935, Immigration and Naturalization

Service, records; 1936-1957, Annual Report of the Immigration

and Naturalization Service.


"Country of former allegiance or nationality" is the country

of which the alien at the time was a citizen or subject. Data

on the number of aliens naturalized, by country or region of

former allegiance, have been compiled only from 1922. Owing

to changes in the list of countries separately reported and to

changes in boundaries, data for certain countries are not com

parable throughout. The principal changes in reporting since

1923 are shown for individual series below.

C 162, Northwestern Europe. Includes the British Empire,

Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxem

bourg, Switzerland, France, and, beginning with 1948, Ice

land. For 1924-1932, the figures for the British Empire were

classified by country. Canada is shown separately for 1923-

1932, and since 1948; for 1933-1947, Canada is included in the

British Empire. Beginning with 1948, Ireland has been re

ported separately. Australia has been reported separately

from 1951, and included in "all other" (series C 169). See

text for series C 166, C 168, and C 169 for former British

territories.

C 163, Central Europe. Includes Germany, Poland, Czecho

slovakia, Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and Montenegro. For

1938-1947, Austria was included with Germany. For 1923-

1932, Yugoslavia was recorded as the Kingdom of Serbs,

Croats, and Slovenes.

C 164, Eastern Europe. Includes the Union of Soviet Social

ist Republics, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Finland, Rumania,

Bulgaria, and Turkey. For 1923-1928, Latvia and Estonia

were included with Russia. For 1923-1927, Lithuania com

prised portions of Russia and Germany. European and Asiatic

Turkey are included in Eastern Europe.

C 165, Southern Europe. Includes Greece, Italy, Spain,

Portugal, and, for 1929-1957, "other Europe," which com

prises Albania, the Free City of Danzig, Liechtenstein, San

Marino, Monaco, Andorra, and, since 1950, Trieste. For 1923-

1928, "other Europe" was recorded under the "miscellaneous"

group of countries and is included with "all other" (C 169).

C 166, Asia. For 1923-1927, Asia was included under "all

other" (C 169). The Asian countries reported separately and

the beginning dates are shown below:

Afghanistan (1929); Arabian Peninsula (1943); Bhutan

(1945); Burma (1949); Ceylon (1948); China (1932); India

(1948, British Empire formerly); Indonesia (1950); Iran

(1929); Iraq (1929); Israel (1950, Palestine formerly);

Japan (1932); Jordan (1948, formerly called Trans-Jordan

and included with Palestine prior to 1948); Korea (1948,

Japan formerly) ; Lebanon (1950, included in Syria former

ly) ; Muscat and Oman (1945); Nepal (1945); Pakistan

(1948, included in British Empire formerly) ; Palestine (re

ported separately 1929-1944 and since 1948; included in

British Empire 1945-1947); Philippines (1929); Saudi Arabia

(1945); Syria (reported separately 1928-1944 and since 1948;

included in France, 1944-1947); Thailand (Siam, 1944);

Vietnam (1952); Yemen (1950); and Formosa (1957).

Until 1953 racial restrictions upon naturalization limited the

naturalization of aliens who were citizens or subjects of coun

tries located in Asia. ( See text for series C 170.)

C 167, Canada. For 1923-1932, and since 1948, Canada is

shown separately; it is included in the British Empire for

1933-1947.

63

C 170-283 MIGRATION

C 168, Other America. Includes Mexico, the West Indies,

Central and South America. Figures for "other America"

countries were not compiled separately in 1923. Figures for

Mexico date from 1924; for the West Indies (Cuba, Dominican

Republic, and Haiti separately) from 1929. For 1924-1928, the

figures for Central and South America were combined. Sep

arate figures have been compiled for independent countries in

Central and South America beginning with 1929, except in

1933.

C 169, All other. Includes "miscellaneous" countries 1923-

1928; repatriated Americans, 1924-1934; "stateless" nationals

from 1945; Ethiopia from 1929; Liberia from 1929; and coun

tries which were former territories. Former territories and

the beginning dates of separate report are shown below:

Formerly French territory: Libya (1953) ; Tunisia (1957) ;

Sudan (1957). Formerly British territory: Egypt, reported

separately 1929-1944 and since 1948, included in British Em

pire, 1946-1947; South West Africa (1952); Southern Rhode

sia (1953); Union of South Africa (1948); Australia (1951);

Nauru (1952); New Guinea (1952); New Zealand (1952);

and Western Samoa (1952). Formerly Italian administra

tion: Somaliland (1953). Formerly international adminis

tration: Tangier (1953). Separate figures are available for

the following United States possessions: American Samoa,

Canal Zone, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and Wake and Mid

way Islands (1945-1951 and since 1955); Hawaii (since

1955); Guam (1944-1951, and since 1955).

C 170. Petitions denied, 1907-1957.

Source: 1907-1921, Reports of Commissioner of Naturaliza

tion as follows: 1907-1917, Report for 1917, p. 5; 1918-1919,

Report for 1919, p. 4; 1920, Report for 1920, pp. 5-6; 1921-

1957, see Annual Report of Immigration and Naturalization

Service, 1957, p. 72.


Statistics on petitions denied have been compiled since 1907.

The Basic Naturalization Act of 1906 and subsequent naturaliza

tion laws specified the eligibility requirements for naturaliza

tion. Petitions for naturalization of aliens who fail to meet

the prerequisites for naturalization may be denied by the

courts at the final naturalization hearing. Included among

the reasons for denial are lack of knowledge and understanding

of history, principles, and form of government of the United

States, failure to establish good moral character, lack of at

tachment to the Constitution of the United States, inability to

speak (read, write) the English language, failure to establish

lawful admission to the United States or to meet residence

requirements, etc.

In the early laws the right to become naturalized was limited

to white persons, and petitions of persons of ineligible races

were denied. Gradually such restrictions were removed with

respect to Negroes, Filipinos, races indigenous to North and

South America and adjacent islands, Chinese, and Guamanians.

In 1952, the Immigration and Nationality Act removed all

racial restrictions to naturalization. Japanese aliens in the

United States were the largest class of aliens that benefited

by this law.

C 171-184. Citizenship status of the population, 1890-1950.

Source : 1890-1940, total, native, and total foreign-born popu

lation, and 1930-1940, citizenship status of foreign born and

persons 21 years old and over, Sixteenth Census Reports,

Population, vol. II, part 1, pp. 19, 30-33; 1890-1920, data on

persons 21 years old and over, and 1920, citizenship status of

foreign born, Fifteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. II,

p. 405; 1950, U. S. Census of Population: 1950, vol. II, part

1, pp. 1-178.

The classification of citizenship by the Bureau of the Census

embraces the two major categories, citizen and alien. Citizens

are subdivided into native and naturalized. Aliens are sub

divided into those having first papers (that is, having made

formal declaration of intention to become citizens of the United

States) and those not having first papers. In addition to the

citizen and alien categories, there is a third group made up

of foreign-born persons for whom no report on citizenship was

obtained, designated as "citizenship not reported" or "unknown

citizenship." Since it is likely that most of these persons are

aliens, they are often included in summary figures for total

aliens. The population 21 years old and over is also given

separately by citizenship, in order to show the number of po

tential voters.

These statistics relate to the citizenship status of the popu

lation at the date of the specified decennial census.

C 185-217. Native white population of foreign or mixed par

entage, by country of origin of parents, 1900-1950.

Source: 1900-1940, Sixteenth Census Reports, Population,

Country of Origin of Foreign Stock, p. 10; 1950, U. S. Census

of Population: 1950, vol. IV, Special Reports, Nativity and

Parentage, p. 3A-75.

A native is defined as a person born in continental United

States, Puerto Rico, or the Territories or possessions, or born

abroad to American parents. Persons for whom place of birth

was not reported are included as native. The nativity of

parents was defined in the same way as it was for the indi

vidual.

Persons of foreign parentage are allocated to the country

of birth of the foreign parent. The classification by country

of birth of parents is, of course, subject to the same limitations

and may be presumed to be less accurate than the classification

of the foreign born by country of birth.

The definition of country of birth of parents is similar to

that used in series C 218-283, below, with several important

exceptions. The classification by country of birth of parents

for 1930 and later years is made on the basis of boundaries

existing at the date of the specified decennial census. The

1920 data on country of birth of parents, however, are based

on pre-World War I boundaries because of the difficulty of

obtaining correct replies on the basis of postwar boundaries

for parents of persons enumerated. The procedure differs

from that used for series C 218-283 where the boundaries

used for 1920 and for all other years were those in existence

at the time of the census.

For definition of color, see text for series A 22-33.

C 218-283. Foreign-born population, by country of birth, 1850-

1950.

Source: 1850-1930, total foreign born, Fifteenth Census Re

ports, Population, vol. II, p. 233; 1910-1940, foreign-born white,

Sixteenth Census Reports, Population, vol. II, part 1, p. 43;

1950, foreign-born white, U. S. Census of Population: 1950,

vol. IV, Special Reports, Nativity and Parentage, p. 3A-71.

The foreign-born population comprises all persons born out

side the United States or any of the outlying possessions,

except certain persons whose parents at the time of their

birth were American citizens. Persons born in any of the

outlying Territories or possessions, and American citizens born

abroad or at sea, are regarded as native.

The statistics on country of birth are generally based on

the political boundaries of foreign nations existing at the date

of the specified decennial census. Because of boundary

changes following World War I and World War II, accurate

comparisons over the entire period, 1850-1950, can be made

54


for relatively few countries. These countries include England,

Scotland, Wales, Norway, Sweden, Netherlands, Switzerland,

Spain, Portugal, Canada (total of Canada-French, other, and

Newfoundland), and Mexico. For several other countries, as

for example, Italy, France, and Belgium, the figures are slight

ly affected by boundary changes; but these changes have not

been so great as to destroy entirely the value of comparative

figures. The boundaries of other countries, as for example,

U.S.S.R., Austria, Hungary, Rumania, and Greece, have been

so changed that comparisons over time are subject to a large

margin of error.

Statistics on country of birth of the foreign born have gen

erally been restricted to those countries which had at the time

of the census a separate political entity. For 1860-1900, how

ever, an exception was made in the case of Poland. Although

Poland was not restored to its original status as an inde

pendent country until the end of World War I, its historical

position was such that Polish immigrants generally reported

Poland as their country of birth regardless of the political

sovereignty over their birthplace. For 1860-1890, persons re

ported as born in Poland were so tabulated without qualifica

tion. In the Census of 1900 an attempt was made to dis

tinguish Austrian, German, and Russian Poland, and separate

statistics for each were presented. In the Census of 1910,

persons reported as born in Poland were assigned either to

Russia, Germany, or Austria. The figures for 1910, however,

have been adjusted on the basis of mother tongue data, to

conform as nearly as possible to the conditions in 1930.

Since World War I, the greatest difficulties encountered in

the tabulation of country-of-birth statistics has been the classi

fication of persons born in the former Austro-Hungarian Em

pire. Many persons born within the prewar boundaries of

this Empire could not or did not give to the enumerator the

information needed for the determination of their country of

birth on the basis of postwar geography. It is therefore quite

possible that some persons were assigned to Austria who were

really born within the present areas of either Czechoslovakia

or Yugoslavia, and that persons were assigned to Hungary who

were born within the present areas of Rumania or Yugoslavia.

Similarly, it is possible that some persons born in Latvia, Es

tonia, or Lithuania were assigned to Russia. Persons for

whom Austria-Hungary was reported in the 1960 Census

were allocated on the basis of surname to the various countries

created out of the territory of the old empire after World

War I. Even with this procedure, however, there appears to

be some indication that Austria and Hungary are overreported

at the expense of Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia. In 1950

the situation was further complicated by the fact that, although

there were extensive de facto boundary changes as a result of

World War II, only a small number of these changes were

officially recognized by the United States at that time.

For definition of color, see text for series A 22-33.

55

C 88-100 MIGRATION

Series C 88-114. Immigrants, by Country: 1820 to 1957

[For continuation of list of countries, see series C 101-114. For years ending June 30, except: 1820-1831 and 1844-1849, years ending Sept. 30; and 1833-1842 and 1851-1867,years ending Dec. 31; 1832 covers 15 months ending Dec. 31; 1843, 9 months ending Sept. 30; 1850, 15 months ending Dec. 31; 1868, 6 months ending June 30)

Year

1957...1956...

1955...1954...1953...1962...1951...

1950...1949...1948...1947...1946...

1945...1944...1943...1942...1941...

1940...1939...1938 ...1937...1936...

1935...1934...1933...1932...1931...

1930...1929...1928...1927...1926...

1925...1924...1923...1922...1921...

1920...1919...1918. ..1917...1916...

1915...1914...1913...1912...1911...

1910...1909...1908...1907...1906...

1905...1904...1903...1902...1901...

1900...1899. ..

1897. . .1896...

1895...1894...1893---1892...1891...

1890...1889...1888...1887...1886...

AUcountries 1

88

326,867321,625

237,790208.177170,434265.520205,717

249,187188,317170,570147,292108,721

38,11928.55123,72528.78151.776

70.75682.99867.89550.24436.329

34.95629,47023,06835,57697.189

241,700279.678307.255335.175304.488

294.314706.896522,919309 . 556805.228

430.001141.132110.618295.403298.826

326.7001.218,4801.197,892838.172878,587

041 . 570751,786782,870

1.285,3491.100,735

.026.499

812.870857.046648.743487.918

448.572311.715229.299230.832343.267

258.536285.631439.730579,663560.319

455.302444.427546.889490,109334.203

Europe

Total

89

169.625156.866

110.59192.12182,352

193,626149,545

199,115129 . 592103.544

83.53552,852

5,9434.5094.92011.15326.541

50.45463.13844.49531.86323,480

22.77817,21012.38320 , 57961.909

147.438158.598158.513168.368155,562

148.366364.339307.920216.385652.364

246.29524.62731.063

m,on145.699

197,9191 ,068,8911.055,855718.875764.757

926.291654,875691.901

1,199.5661,018.365

974.273767.933814.507619.068469.237

424.700297.349217.786216.397329.067

250.342277.052429.324570,876546.085

445.680434.790538.131482. S29

329.529

Northwestern Europe

GreatBritain

24.02019,008

15,76116,67216.63922.17714,898

12,75521.14926,40323,78833 , 552

3,0291.321974907

7,714

6,1583,0582,2621.7261.310

1.4131.305979

2,0579.110

31.01521.32719,95823.66925.528

27.17259.49045.75925.15351.142

38,4716.7972.51610.73516.063

27,23748.72960.32857 , 14873.384

68.94146.79362.82479.03767.198

84.18951.44833.63716.89814.985

12.50913.45612.89412.75224.565

28.83322.52035.18942.21566.605

69.73087.992108.69293.378

Ireland 1

8,2275,607

5.2224,6554,3043.5263.144

5,8428,6787.5342,5741,816

42711216588

272

8391.1891.085

531

454443338539

7.305

23,44519,92125,26828.54524.897

26.65017,11115.74010.57928.435

9,591474331

5,4068.639

14.18524.68827,87625,87929.112

29,85525.03330,55634.53034.995

52.94536.14235.31029.13830.561

35.73031.67325.12828.42140.262

46.30430.23143.57851.38355,706

53.02465.55773.5136S.37049,619

Scandinavia 1

6,1895.681

5,1595,4595,5375.4165,502

5,6616,6656,1274,9181.278

224281239371

1,137

1,2601,1781.393971646

688557511938

3.144

6,91917.37916.18416,86016.818

16.81035,57734,18414.62.".22,854

13.4445.5906.50613.77114.761

17.88329.39132,26727.55442,285

48.26732.49630.17549.96552.781

60.62560.09677,64754,08839.234

31.15122 . 19219.28221.08933.199

26.85232.40058,94566.29560,107

50.36857.50481.92467,62946,735

OtherNorth

western '

25,10915,254

10,70711.85311,14512.47610,973

10,85712,28813,72114 . 5628,651

365619

1,5315,6229.009

7,7435.2143.3522.5121.745

1,8081,2701,0451.558

4.420

9,1709,0919.0799.1348.773

8.54816.07712.46911.14929,317

24,4915.1263.1466.7318,715

12,09625,5912S.»<*22.92125.549

23.85217.75622,17726.51223.277

24.69323.32117.00910.3229.279

5.8225.1504.6985.3237.611

7.3139.51417.^8821.73121 .»24

20,57522.01023.25117.30711.737

Central Europe

Germany :

60.35344.409

29 , 59633 . 09827,329104.23687,755

128,59255.28419,36813,9002,598

Poland •

172288248150028

21,52033.51517,19910.8956.346

5,2014.3921,9192,67010.401

26,56946.75145,77848,51350.421

46.06875.09148.27717.9316.803

1.00152

4471,8572,877

7,79935.73434.32927.78832.061

31.28325.54032.30937.80737.564

40.57446.38040,08628.30421.651

18.50717.47617,11122.53331,885

32,17353.98978,756

119,168113,554

92,42799.538109,717106.86584.403

571263

12967136235

6961.6732,447

745335

195292:i9!

343451

7023,0722.4031.212

1.5041.0321.3321,2963,604

9.2319,0028,7559.2117,126

5.34128.80626.53828.63595,089

4,813

OtherCentral :

4,7264,165

691

7901,941

16,37440.53627.497

11.0734 . 9225 . S266.1283.939

15.49810,284

4,1332,8732,88523,52910,365

17,7927,4116,0064.622

511

206316206396786

3,6285,3345,1953,7632,723

2,3571.422981

1,7494.E00

9.1848,0817,0916.5596,020

4.70132,70034,03829.36377,069

5,6665361

1,2585,191

18,511278,1522M.S2;.178,882159,057

258,737170,191168,509338.452265,138

275,693177,156206.011171,989113.390

114,84762.49139.79733.03165.103

33,40138.63857.42076.93771,042

56.19934.17445.81140.26528.680

Eastern Europe

U. S. S. R.and

BalticStates 8

97

668643

523475609548555

526694897761153

98157159197665

1,021

629378

418607458636

1,396

2.7722.4502,67,2

2,9333,323

3.12120,91821.15119,91010.193

1.7511.4034,24212.7167 K42

26,187255,660291.040162,395158.721

186,792120,460156,711258,943215.665

184,897145.141136.093107,34785.257

90,78760.98229.82825,81651,445

35.90739,27842.31081.51147.426

35,59833,91633.48730.76617.800

OtherEastern •

558394

134104

137

27724648524998

9710954

117299

491620542533424

453347352592

1,192

2.1592,1531.7761.7081.596

1,56613 . 17316.08212.24432.793

3.9135193

3691.167

2,89221.42018.03620,92521,655

25,28711.65927.34536,51018.652

11.02212.75612.6008.2348,199

6,8521.7381.076943954

7681.027

6251.331

Southern Europe

Italy

7231.1451.3932.251

670

19.62440,430

30,27213,1458,43211.3428.958

12.45411,69516,07513.8662,636

21312049103450

5,3026,5707,7127,1926,774

6.5664,3743.4776,66213,399

22,32718,00817,72817,2978,253

6.20356.24646,67440,319

222.260

95,1451,8845,250

34 . 59633,665

49,688283.738265.542157,134182.882

215,537183.218128.503285.731273.120

221.479193.296230.622178.375135.996

100.13577.41958.61359.43168.060

35,42742.97772.14561,63176.055

52.00325.30751.55847.62221,315

OtherSouthern

8,81314.893

8,9553,7205,250

10,0047,074

3,6633,8094.4813.5501.224

917944901864

1,730

1,9132.3672,3921,8991.821

1.9161.461991

1,8823,438

4,6474.4354.2443,9392.807

2.1869,1507,0086.47776,409

48.0093.1978.471

45,64446,779

21.44155.28843 , 52638.24940,051

37,74021.72932,79252.07929,975

18.15622.19725.49214.42310,685

8.3604,7724,6332.8935,292

2.5744.5376.0948.1385.047

3,9602.7252,9592.2481.702

1 For 1820-1867 excludes returning citizens; there/ore for those years, does notTee with series C 115 and C 133.1 Comprises Eire and Northern Ireland.1 Comprises Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Iceland.Comprises Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, and France.

Austria, 1938 to 1945.1899 and 1919, included with Austria-Hungary". Germany, and ]

: Comprises Czechoslovakia (since 1920), Yugoslavia (since 1920), Hungary (since1861), and Austria (since 1861, except for the years 1938-1945, when Austria wasincluded with Germany).

■ Comprises U. S. S. R. in Europe, Latvia. Estonia, Lithuania, and Finland.

* Comprises Rumania, Bulgaria, and Turkey in Europe.i* Comprises Spain, Portugal, Greece, and other Europe, not elsewhere <

66


Series C 88-114. Immigrants, by Country: 1820 to 1957—Con.

Allcountries 1

395,346518,592603.322788,992669.431

457,257177,826138,469141,857169,986

227,498313.339459,803404,806321,350

387,203352,768138,840315,722318,568

248.120193,418176.28291,98591,918

153,640121 ,282123 , 126251,306200,436

200,877427,833368,645371,603379,466

369,980297,024226,527234.968154,416

114,37178,61552.496104,56580,289

84,06668,06938,91479,34076,242

45,37465.36558,64060,48222,633

23,32222,52027,38218,87510,837

10,1997,9126,3546,9119,127

8,385

Europe

Total

89

Northwestern Europe

GreatBritain

Ireland 2

91

353,083453,686522,587648 , 186528,545

348,691134,259101,612106,195120,920

182,961262.783397 , 541352,155265,145

328,626315,963130,090283,751278,916

214.048185,233163.73383,71081,200

141,209110,949111,354216,224186,083

187,729405,542361 , 576362,484369,510

308,323286,501218,025229.117146,315

109,30174,74549,01399,94576,216

80 , 12664 , 14834,07071,03970,465

41,98757,51029,11134 , 19313.039

7.21712 , 52324,72916,7199,751

8,5434,9654,0164,4185,936

7,691

57,71365,95076,606

102.99181,376

73,27329.95522,15023 , 58129,291

47,90562,02189 , 50084,91285,455

103,67784,43824,12752,64194,924

82,465

53,42866.88224,63919,675

29 , 73726 , 16328,95658,47944,658

47,57258,64787,57640,69951,487

51,08555,13285,15923,30222 , 180

19,210

14,3538,43022,00516,188

2,61310,2715,42012,21813,106

8,97010,4904,9165,3312,475

1,1533,1795,3524,1862,319

2,0951,2641,1001,2213,210

2,410

51,79563,34481,48676,43272,342

71,60320,01315,93214,56919,575

37,95753,70777,34468,73257,439

56,99640.78632,06872,87936,690

29 , 77263 , 52355,91623,35123,797

48,63735,21626,87354,36154,349

49,627101,606162,649159,548221,253

164,004159,398112,934105,53651,752

44,82133,49019,67051,34237,772

39,43023,96312,64528,50830,578

20,92724,4748,64812,436

5,772

2,7217,41512,4889,7665,408

4,8882,3451,9082,2671,518

3,614

Scandinavia 3

40,70452,72871,994105,32681 , 582

65,65721,82012,25411,27412,323

14.32219,17835,48128,57522 , 132

30,74243,94111.9858.49114,495

7,2582,9613,1192,550

850

8401,5902,6622,7471,330

1.3494,2223.3964,1062,438

1,5893,4811,1131,3202,030

9821,3361,777

588226

207380112399473

686618933486

1!)30602826

182(1

72824

23

OtherNorthwestern 4

93

13,73218,76824,27127,79626,883

15,0429,0816,9298,62110,923

11,98715,99822,89215,6147,174

9,15210 , 5854,29312,41713,648

7,992

5,6213,2454,3863.769

5,2783,7274,5806,87912,403

14,57128,07014,20511,27820,905

11,4707,6349,877

24,33612,303

9,4664,3434,3645,3616,077

7,9787,8913,8395,7695,189

3,3694,4685.3555,6952,277

1,3051,0654,7001.829968

719671528

522621

452

Central Europe

Germany 1 Poland •

94

124,443179,676194,786250,630210,485

84,63834,60229,31329,29831,937

47,76987,291149,671141,10982,554

118,225131,04255,831

133,426115,892

83,42457,27633,16227,52931,661

54,49141,78445,31091,78171,028

71,918215,009141,946145,91872,482

78,89660,23558,46574,28157,561

84.35520,73114,44120,37015,291

29,70421.02811,68323,74020,707

8.31117,6866,98810,1942,413

1,976597

1,851432all

450

230183148

968

3,0854,5362.0114,6725.614

2,177489547533925

9841,7953,3381,647

535

223184

310412

528165

946348

82106

912420

462208

33110

10

54

636171015

s46

418153

5454

134

OtherCentral '

96

27,30936,57127,62529,15027,935

17.2675,9635,1505,3966,276

7,6588,8507,1124,4104,887

4,4251,499

19269293

422230

86111

61

Eastern Europe

U. S. S. R.and

BalticStates ■

OtherEastern 1

98

Southern Europe

Italy

17,15812,689

9,90916,9185,041

5,0144,4533,0486.5994,775

7,9974.0731,6341,018

673

807343141205287

188256

777984

6691

246

26

13z321

3144

16

248

1136

28

174

713192

915

159

317

19

4

1077

107

14

941388163134102

8529293238

2762532023

618

42618

14111611

5

4101711

6

97

1532

159324

13.64216,51031,79232,15915,401

12,3545,7914,3443,1953,015

3,6317,6668,7574,1902,816

2,8911,489

8911.6241,382

924600

547566811

1,019932

1,2401,0071,365

1,0521,263

555351447

431209241164

151

187141117100179

87848636115

60

1051,699

328

923343557

7545333563

30

1 For 1620-1867 excludes returning citizens; therefore for those years, does notagree with series C 115 and C 133.

* Comprises Eire and Northern Ireland.1 Comprises Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Iceland.* Comprises Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, and France.' Includes Austria, 1938 to 1945.6 Between 1899 and 1919, included with Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Russia.

7 Comprises Czechoslovakia (since 1920), Yugoslavia (since 1920), Hungary (since1861), and Austria (since 1861, except for the years 1938-1945, when Austria wasincluded with Germany).

8 Comprises U. S. S. R. in Europe, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, and Finland.• Comprises Rumania, Bulgaria, and Turkey in Europe.

"> Comprises Spain, Portugal, Greece, and other Europe, not elsewhere classified.

57

C 101-114 MIGRATION


Total

101

20,00817,827

10,9859,9708,2319,3288,921

3,7796,43810,7395,8231,633

442227

1,801

1,9132,1622,3761,065721

597

5521,9313,345

4,5353,7583,3803.6698,413

3,57822,06513,70514,26325,084

17,50512,67412,70112,75618,204

15.21134,27385,35821,44917,428

23,53312,90428.36540,52422,800

28,92526 , 18629.96622,27118,693

17,9468,9728,6379,6626,764

4,4954,6902.392

7,678

4,4481,725843615317

Turkeyb

102

7748

543313123

1340162216

1315363116

715111320

31222743139

11870807337

612,8202,1831,998

11,785

5,0331943

8981,670

8,54821,71623,95512,78810,229

15,2127,5069,7538,0536,854

6,1675,2357,1186,2235,782

3,9624,4364,2754,7324,189

2,767

2,488

1,12659827320815

China

103

1,886

568254528263335

1,2803,4157,2033.191

252

n5065

1791.003

643642613293273

229187148750

1,150

1.5891.4461.3201,4711,751

1,9376,9924,9864,4064,009

2,8801,9641,7952,2372,460

2,6602,5022,1051,7651,460

1,9681,9431,397961

1,544

2,1664,3092,2091,6492.459

1,2471,6602,0713,3631,441

5891,170472

2,836

1,716118261040

Japan 1

104

6,8296,967

4.1503,8462.5793.814271

10052942313114

1

42044

10210293132

91

888675

526653

8377715507236 = 4

7288,8015,8096,7167,878

9,43210,06410,2138,9918,680

8,6188,9298,2816,1144,520

2,7208,11115,80830,22613,885

10,38114,26419,96814.2705,269

12,6352,8442,2301,5261,110

1,1501,9311,380

1,136

691640404229194

Other

105

11,0049,926

6,1635,8375,1115.2398,812

2.3862,4543.0972,4791.851

357158213310493

1,1611,4031,659627337

334302302612

1.408

1,9911,4711.4301.402971

8673.452

7271,1481,412

710627660

1,186394

8951.1261,017782

1,219

8,633844

1,4121,284567

5.2712,378

67112983

10232614174

891,589640

1,218

91537414016868

America

Total

106

134,160144,718

110,48695,58777,65061,04947,681

44,19149,33452,74652,75346,066

29,64623.08418,16216,37722,445

17,82217,13920,48616,90311,786

11,17411.4099,92512.57780,816

88 . 104116,177144.281161,872144,398

141,496318,855199,97277,448124,118

162,666102,28665,418147,779137,424

111,206122,695103,90795,92694,864

89,63482,20869,99741,76224,613

25,21716,42011,0236,6984,416

5,4554.3162,6274,5377,308

3,5083,5512.593

(')5,082

3,8335,4595,4025,2703,026

Canadaand Newfound-

107

Mexico

108

46,86442,368

49,32161,320

32.48634,87336.28338,35426.880

48,70230,64517.1889.0796.158

21.88625,15625,48524,34221,844

6,7448,0888,3847,5687,146

11,53010,1439,76110,59911,478

6,7026,5984,1722,8782,824

11,07810.81314,40412,0118,121

2,8182,6402,6022,8471,716

7,7827,9456,1878,003

22,183

1,6601.8011,9362,1713,333

65,26466,46175,28184,58098,368

12,70840,16459,01667,72143,316

102,768200,690117,01146,81072,817

32,96489,33668.76819.55130,758

90,02567,78232,452105.399101,551

52,36129,81818,52417,86918,426

82,21586,13973,80265,99066.880

12,34014,61411,92623,23819,889

66.65561,94138,51019,9185,068

18,69116,2516,0671,4061.997

2,1682,8871,058686640

2,6371,009

528709347

396 23716110791160

1,322852291278

244194

116109

(«) Q(•)

284(')(')

18828159

17

(')

AuatralaaU

Allother

OtherAmerica

Africa,total

TotalAustraliaand NewZealand

OtherPacificInlands 1

tries''

109 110 111 112 111 114

88,486 1,600 1.468 1.228 280 1641,080 1.351 1,346 1,171 175 22

34.299 1,208 1,028 932 96 8,69730,069 1,248

989910 846 65 8,841

24.184 782 742 40 48018,616 981 578 645 33 8

15.598 846 527 490 87 3,248

15,562 849 517 460 67 73616,095 996 776 661 115 1,18218,877 1,027 1,886 1.218 118 1.17820,853 1.284 2,960 2.821 189 987

17,576 1,516 6,106 6.009 97 648

11,414 406 1.663 1,625 88 19

6.343 112 615 677 88 44.229 141 160 120 40 «8,400 478 163 120 43 61

8,148 664 265 194 61 170

4,431 202 228 207 21 187

3,686 218 222 218 9 1198.580 174 248 228 20 1162,646 155 174 145 29 841,949 105 166 147 18 72

1,882 118 141 132 9 631,668 104 147 130 17 81,802 71 137 122 IS2,408 186 303 291 126,800 417 652 616 36

10,147 572 1.051 1,026 269,572 609 636 619 17

9,984 475 606 678 28

9,571 520 746 712 84

7,709 529 691 656 86

5,77928,829

412 462 416 46900 679 685 44 68

19,193 648 769 711 48 16

11.087 620 915 866 60 26

21,048 1,801 2,281 2,191 90 130

20,280 648 2,185 2,066 119 702

14,686 189 1,310 1.234 76 46

14,442 299 1,090 925 165 47

24,511 666 1.142 1,014 128 77

17,448 894 1.574 1.484 90 81

16,651 984 1,399 1,282 117 8121.942 1,639 1,446 1,886 110 18618,179 1,409 1,340

8981,229 111 28

16,698 1,009 794 104 1517,645 966 1,048 984 59 89

14,288 1,072 1,097892

998 99 4314,016 868 889 68 4916,420 1,411 1,179 1.098 81 1720,438 1.486 1,989 1,947 42 2217,553 712 1,788 1,682 51 •88,012

20.412 757 2,166 2,091 75 16112,574 686 1.556 1,461 94 909,437 176 1,349 1,150

884

199 25

5,353 37 566 182 103

3,529 173 498 825 178 1

4,822 80 428 214 214 18

2,833 61 810 456 354 217

2,168 48 201 168 48

4,155 87 199 189 60

6,875 21 112 87 26

8,148 86 155 1553,248 24 244 244 70

2,593 248 248 5,178(•) m 267 267 (•) 8,620

4,848 103 1,801 777 624 70

3,660 112 1,167 699 468 62

5,431 187 2,196 1,000 1,196 70

5,387 66 2,887 697 1,690 61

5,261 40 1,282 628 754 73

8,009 122 1,136 622 614 78

1 No record of immigration from Turkey in Asia until 1869.* No record of immigration from Japan until 1861.1 Philippine Islands are included in "Other Asia" in 1952 (1.179), 1958 (1,074),

11954 (1,234), 1955 (1,598), 1956 (1,792), and 1957 (1,874). From 1934 to 1951,nelusive, they are included in "All other countries."

* Prior to 1920 Canada and Newfoundland were recorded as British North America.From 1820 to 1898 the figures include all British North American possessions.

* Includes 32,897 persons returning to their homes in the United States.* Included in "All other countries."7 No record of immigration from Mexico for 1886 to 1893.

58



Asia

Total

101

198610

8,11339,62911,982

6,8399,6609,01410,64022,943

16,49913,83820,3257,8257,240

15,82512,9495,1713,9612,411

2,9472,9827,2163,6407,528

5,4763,4615,1335,9454,747

8,54013 , 100

4742

7118

1211

66

11

73

Turkey

431

738

163

China

103

22279

8,03139,57911.890

5,8029,6048.992

10,59422,781

16,43713,77620,2927,7887,135

15,74012,8745,1573,8632,385

2,9422,9757,2143.6337,518

5,4673,4575,1285,9444,783

3,52613,100

42

Japan 3

104

4920

275

11

4•1

274

8219

1778

48

67

1

OtherAsia 1

127211554576

21211336150

5835212023

8710143119

57279

9451

14

1114

96341

America

Total

41,20363,33971,729100,129127,577

101,69233,04327.20424,06524,686

26,64035,33940,33542,20548,835

42,65823,7673,41524,71533 , 582

22,7784,6074,1474,1752,763

6,3435,4665,8216,8119,058

9,2608,5336,0307,6959,703

15,7688,9047,9895,2315,525

5,0353,7402,8543,9943,429

3,8153,6172,9903,6284,936

3,3122,7793,2822,8712.194

2,2963,2992,090

580831

846559382378303

387

Canadaand Newfoundland •

107

38,33660,62670.27498,366125,450

99,74431,28625,69222 , 13722.505

24,09733,02087.89140,20447,164

40,41421,1202,78523,37932,150

21,5863,6363,4643,2752,069

4,5144,1634,6036,6706,493

7,7616,8915,4246,3527,438

9,3766,8906,4733,8273,855

3,1952.7111,5022.0781,816

1,9381,9261,4761,2792,814

1,1931,0201,194

608176

189409267165223

814155167204184

209

Mexico

323430469366325

492556465445631

610386606569402

463320129292239

193

9996

142218

229265429133741

42044616272

181

5975182462

222

498197398403352

395353211627798

1.032885779827

2,2901,089

127106

681103554

OtherAmerica

2,5442,283

9861,3971.802

1,4561,2011.1471,4831.550

1,9331.9331,8381,4321,269

1,7812,827

5011,0441,198

999872

587758476

1,6001,038

7891,0081,824

1,0791,196444

1,2712,084

5,7951,4961,4921,3421,448

1,342832954

1,5131,261

1,4821,3381,3031,7221,324

1,087874

1,3091,4361,326

1,124600734288502

464294180169

116

177

Africa,total

11259676033

1812181689

5458284124

31723

2533

4937

81247

126

111725

6

14

310

Total

679900747889

1,191

954816606914

1,312

1,2681,1931,4142,416

21

36

Australiaand NewZealand

449502554878

1,188

953813606912

1,205

1,104960

1,1352,180

18

36

OtherPacificIslands '

113

230398193

113

2107

164233279236

8

1 No record of immigration from Turkey in Asia until 1869.» No record of immigration from Japan until 1861.> Philippine Islands are included in "Other Asia" in 1952 (1,179), 1953 (1,074),

1954 (1,234), 1955 (1,598), 1956 (1,792), and 1957 (1,874). From 1934 to 1951,inclusive, they are included in "All other countries."

* Prior to 1920 Canada and Newfoundland were recorded as British North America.From 1820 to 1898 the figures include all British North American i

59

C 115-125 MIGRATION

Series C 115-132. Immigrants, by Major Occupation Group: 1820 to 1957

(For years ending June 30, except: 1820-1831 and 1844-1850, years ending Sept. 30; and 1833-1842 and 1850-1866, years ending Dec. 31; 1832 covers 15 months ending Dec. 31;1843, 9 months ending Sept. 30; 1851, 15 months ending Dec. 31]

Professional, Farmersand(arm

managers

Managers,officials,and

proprietors,exc farm

Clerical,sales, andkindredworkers

Craftsmen, Serviceworkers,

exc.

Farmlaborersand

Laborers,

Totaltechnical,

and kindredworkers

foremen,operatives,and kindred

workers

Privatehouseholdworkers

exc.farm and

NooccupationYear private

householdforemen mine

US 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 12S

1957 326.867 24,489 3,506 6,127 25,897 46.338 11,457 8.761 4,585 21,826 173,8811956 321.625 18,995 5,727 5,814 23,413 44,950 15,347 7,922 9.050 27,807 162,600

1955 237,790 14,109 4,446 5,114 18.060 34.218 11.824 6,512 5,486 17,518 120.5031954 208,177 13,817 3,846 5,296 16,018 32,151 8,096 5,203 1,622 10,061 112,0671953 170,434 12.783 3,393 5.025 15.171 26,975 6,852 4,390 1,538 5,369 88.9381952 265.520 16.496 10,566 5,968 16.724 42,315 9,653 6.418 6.289 8.969 142,1221951 205,717 15,269 10,214 5,493 14.098 34,041 7,243 5.292 4,972 5,481 103,614

1950 249,187 20,502 17,642 6.396 16,796 41,450 8,900 4,970 3,976 5,693 122.8621949... 188.317 13,884 8,937 6.014 14 , 797 27,964 6,990 3,937 933 6,192 98,6691948 170,570 12.619 4,884 6.207 15,298 23,816 6.389 4.350 946 4,826 91.2351947 _.. 147,292 10.891 3.462 5.886 13.961 19,306 4,922 3,882 442 2.831 81,7091946 108,721 6,198 947 3,616 8,378 8,826 2,464 2,153 189 1,473 74.477

1946 38,119 2.852 497 1,457 3,715 4,511 1.495 1,047 225 886 21,4341944 28,551 2.616 349 894 2.368 3,533 1,125 811 203 1.030 15,6221943.. 23.725 2.695 235 988 1.840 2,587 770 707 164 681 13.0581942.. 28,781 3.518 254 2,305 1,638 2.061 872 740 92 493 16.8081941 51,776 6,232 356 5.640 2,837 3,513 1.503 829 129 732 30.005

1940 70,756 6.802 847 7,415 4,361 5.710 2.891 949 252 2,120 39,4091989 82.998 7,199 1,186 8,929 4,794 6,532 5.420 1.979 415 2,070 44,4741938 67.895 5,418 1.508 S.408 3.119 5,697 5.919 1,794 609 2.411 36,0121937 50.244 4.130 852 3,422 2,126 3,996 3,213 1.426 378 1,904 28.7971936 36.329 2,564 535 1.782 1,449 2,490 1.944 1,056 324 1.195 22,990

1935 34,956 2.244 593 1.347 1.024 2.689 1.418 1.390 408 1,355 22,4881984 29,470 2,101 425 1.207 933 2,267 805 1.216 233 1,154 19.1291933 23.068 1.615 292 690 600 1,821 550 933 134 887 15,5461932 35.576 2.100 403 1.331 919 2,053 1.232 1.063 254 1,157 25.0641931 97.139 4,120 2.743 2.384 4.229 9,555 9,740 3,128 3.422 4,806 53,012

1930 241,700 8,585 8.375 4.620 14.414 32.474 29.073 6.749 13.736 18.080 105,5941929 279.678 8,792 8.309 4.709 15,354 36.437 31.841 6.820 19.849 27,873 119.6941928.. 307,255 9.332 8.773 5,287 16.344 42,765 28,751 8.846 24.161 37.904 125,0921927 335.175 9.883 10.324 5,772 20,140 42.394 31.344 10,070 23.698 55,989 125,5611926... 304.488 9.203 9.720 5,374 19.086 38,682 30,587 14; 340 17,390 45.199 114,907

1925 294.314 8.942 13.875 5.508 15,368 36,927 26.924 15,399 16.022 36,610 118,7441924 706,896 20.926 20.320 15,668 27,873 123.923 51,680 29.261 27,492 112,344 277,9091923 622.919 13.926 12.503 12,086 17.931 87,899 52.223 22.244 25.905 86.617 191,5851922 309,556 9.696 7,676 9,573 10,055 40,309 44,531 12.340 10,529 33.797 131.0501921... 805.228 12.852 22.282 18.286 18.922 109,710 102.478 24.298 32.400 162.859 301.141

1920 430.001 10.540 12.192 9.654 14.054 55.991 37.197 18,487 15.257 83.496 173.1331919 141.132 5,261 3.933 4,247 6,524 21,671 6,277 11,571 4,412 18.922 £8.3141918 110,618 3.529 2.583 3,940 4,239 17.501 7,816 6.367 4,538 15,142 44.9631917 295.408 7,499 7,764 8.329 10.554 38.660 31.885 11,784 22.328 52.182 104,4181916 298.826 9,024 6.840 8.725 9,907 36.086 29,258 10,989 26,250 56,981 104,766

1915.. 326,700 11.453 6,518 10.728 9,377 45.591 39.774 11,976 24.723 49.620 116,9401914 1,218.480 13.454 14.442 21.903 17.933 149.515 144,409 19.621 288,053 228,935 320,2151913. 1,197,892 12.552 13,180 19.094 15,173 139.091 140.218 17,609 320,105 223,682 297,1881912 888.172 10.913 7.664 14.715 18,782 107.893 116.529 13,580 184,154 137,872 231,0701911 878.587 11.275 9,709 15.416 14,723 128,717 107.153 11.051 176,003 158.518 246,022

1910 1.041.570 9.689 11.793 14.731 12.219 121.847 96.658 8,977 288.745 216,909 260,0021909 751.786 7,603 8.914 11.562 8.467 75,730 64,568 5,849 171.310 176.490 221.2931908 782,870 10.504 7.720 16.410 11.523 106.943 89.942 10.367 138.844 147,940 242,6771907 1.285.349 12.016 13,476 20,132 12,735 169.394 121,587 13.578 328.854 293.868 304.7091906 1.100.735 13.015 15,288 23.515 12.226 156,902 115,984 10,439 239.125 228,781 285,460

1905 1.026.499 12.582 18.474 27.706 12.759 159,442 125,473 5.849 142.187 290.009 232.0181904 812.870 12.195 4.507 26.914 11.055 133.748 104.937 6,400 85.850 212.572 214.6921903 857.046 6.999 13.363 15.603 7.226 110.644 92.686 11,482 77.518 321.824 199,7011902 648.743 2.987 8.168 9.840 3.836 71.131 69,913 6.298 80,562 243.399 153.1591901 487.918 2.665 3.035 8,294 3.197 57.346 42,027 5.352 54,753 162.563 148,686

1900 448.572 2.392 5. 493 7.216 2.870 54,793 40,311 4,406 31.949 164.261 134,9411899 311,715 1.972 3,973 6.815 2.473 38.608 34 . 120 4.580 17.343 92.452 109.379

60


C 115-132. Immigrants, by Major Occupation Group: 1820 to 1957—Con.

YearToul'

Nooccupation

Professional Commercial Skilled Farmers Servant* Laborers

lis 12S 126 127 128 129 130 131

1898 229,299 90,569 1,347 5.959 33.145 16,243 23.656 52,531

1897 230,832 91,624 1,732 7,159 33,161 22,560 23,739 46,198

1896 843,267 123.196 2,824 6,174 46,807 29,251 38,926 91,262

1895 258,536 92,193 2,029 5,314 43,844 18,055 35,960 61.430

1894 286,681 113,247 1.791 6,033 49,786 21.762 29,653 56,732

1893 439,780 209,767 2,362 837 51.145 34,070 (') 114,296

1892 679,668 266,832 2,932 2,683 63,128 51.630 (») 171,483

1891 660,319 248.635 3,431 11,340 54,951 36.398 32,596 167,290

1890 455.302 196,770 3.286 7,802 44,540 29.296 28,625 139,365

1889 444,427 208,761 2,815 7.369 50,457 28,962 30,220 111,809

1888 546,889 248,900 8,860 7,597 59.985 29.335 27,810 170,278

1887 490,109 224,078 2,882 8,032 52,403 30.932 27,510 140,938

1886 334,203 157,952 2,078 6,287 36,522 20,600 20,198 86,853

1885 395,346 211,780 2,097 6,707 89,817 27,585 20,213 83,068

1884 518,592 277,052 2,284 7,691 55,061 42,050 24,249 106,478

1888 603,322 322,318 2,450 8,280 62,505 39,048 27,988 136,0711882 788,992 402.835 2,992 10,102 72,664 61,888 23,010 209,605

1881 669,431 855,670 2,812 9,371 66.457 58,028 19,342 147,816

1880 457,257 217,446 1,778 7,916 49,929 47,204 18,580 106,012

1879 177,826 81,772 1,639 6,202 21,862 19,907 6,804 36,8971878 138,469 62.622 1,510 4,475 16,631 14,843 6,157 26,656

1877 141,867 68,316 1,885 4,667 21,006 13 , 188 5,158 26,4821876 169,986 71,111 2,400 4,963 24,200 14.536 6,493 38,847

1875 227,498 106,728 2,426 6,029 33,803 16,447 10,579 46,8771874.. 818,339 156,122 2,476 5,641 88,700 28,775 12,427 66,8961873 459,803 289,307 2,980 7,698 48.792 36,983 16,259 104.428

1872 _ 404,806 213,969 1,905 7,156 44,967 38.159 11,108 85.9341871. _ 821,850 172,216 2,247 5,558 33,577 27,042 18,814 65,936

1870 387,203 207,174 1,831 7,189 85,698 36.656 14,261 84,577

1869 352,768 181,453 1,700 8,837 33.345 28,102 10.265 88,649

1868 282 , 189 150,983 1,398 8,556 82,197 23.046 6,561 59,151

1867 _ 842,162 182,794 2,288 14,706 44,097 32,626 7,715 57,419

1866 _ 359,957 202,456 2,242 15,827 41,091 30,802 8,883 58,629

1865 ._ 287,399 161,580 1.748 12,700 36,522 20,012 9,281 45,247

1864 _. 221,536 106,656 1,120 9,473 26,542 18,837 15,628 48,041

1863. _ 199,811 99,039 1,173 7,590 24,155 12,348 9,103 46,198

1862 114,468 62,860 788 7,774 11,986 9,265 8,688 17,752

1861 112,702 60,760 668 7,688 11,601 11,668 739 19.413

1860 - 179,691 93,925 792 11,207 19,342 21,742 1,416 31,268

1859 155,509 78,228 868 12,495 24,628 16,328 1,281 21,696

1858 144,906 71,320 662 10,217 18,742 20,506 1,142 22,317

1857 271,982 158,963 570 12,114 26,062 84,702 1,322 43,249

1856_ 224,496 180,647 462 11,101 18.797 24,722 1,748 37,019

1855 230.476 117,603 780 14,759 17,463 34,698 2,598 42,580

1854 460,474 235,216 699 15.173 86,468 87,188 3,357 82,373

1858 400,982 223,390 722 12,782 20,806 56,322 3,938 83,022

1852 — 897,343 223,861 572 11,502 27,176 68,023 942 75,267

1861 474,398 257,376 938 14,983 36,297 59,095 8,738 101,976

1850.. 315,834 188,931 918 6,400 26,369 42,873 3.203 46,640

1849 299.683 157,657 972 3,508 32,021 89,675 3,671 62,179

1848 229,483 118,528 617 3,407 24,706 31,670 4,438 46,223

1847 239,482 126,005 708 4,218 25,895 43,594 3,198 35,869

1846 158,649 91,132 592 4,189 13,250 27,944 3,349 18,193

1846 119,896 65,055 542 5,049 10,857 19,849 2,492 16,552

1844.. 84,764 49,843 755 3,960 9,476 9,831 1,174 9,7251843 56,529 32 , 842 578 3,226 6,098 8,031 418 6,346

1842 110,980 60.526 744 4.976 14,553 12,966 1,264 15,951

1841 87,805 46,197 541 5,267 11,111 12,348 923 11,423

1840 92,207 47,305 481 5,311 10,811 18,476 183 9,640

1839 74,666 87,985 584 5,692 10,026 12,410 99 7,870

1838 45,159 24,627 459 4,005 6,675 6,667 42 3,6841887 84,959 62,011 522 8,893 8,483 10,835 120 9,0951886 80,972 50,684 472 3,379 8,879 8,770 39 8,749

1885 48,716 28,736 487 3,875 6,005 6,117 599 2,8971834 , 67,948 45,906 561 8,021 7,190 7,160 1,236 2,874

1883 59,925 80,944 469 4,913 12,800 6,618 82 4,1091832 61,654 83,840 176 5,424 10,333 8,502 56 3,3231831. 28,880 15,218 188 2,368 2,383 2,685 115 928

1830. 24,837 19,363 136 1,427 1,745 1,424 22 7201829 24,613 15,535 252 2,661 2,579 1,264 337 1,885

1828 30,184 18,066 831 2,328 3,868 2,542 421 2,628

1827 21,777 12,416 262 2,076 3,066 2,071 186 1,761

1826.. 13,908 7,478 190 1,943 2,129 1,382 70 716

1826... 12,858 7,031 204 1,841 1,416 1,647 69 650

1824 _ 9,627 4,965 187 1,926 1,237 918 13 881

1823 8,265 4,247 179 1,427 1,268 800 6 838

1822 8,549 4,302 151 1,431 1,897 834 20 414

1821. 11,644 6,670 204 1,441 1,533 1,249 94 453

1820 10,811 6,836 106 933 1,090 874 139 334

1 For 1820-1867 i i returning citizens. '-Servants included with "miscellaneous" (series C 132).

61

C 133-138 MIGRATION

Series C 133-138. Immigrants, by Age: 1820 to 1957

[For yean ending as follows: 1820-1832, ending Sept. 30; 1833-1842, ending Dec. 31; 1844-1860, ending Sept. 30; 1851-1865, ending Dec. 81; 1867-1957, ending June 80.For intermediate periods, see footnotes]

Total

Under 16years

16 to 44yean

45 and

Number 1Percentmale

over

133 1S4 135 136 137

326,867821,625

47.648 6

80,14074,429

207,664206,770

89,06340,426

287,790208.177170,434265,520206,717

47.146.942.946.648.3

61,82945.10537,01664,51844,028

156,001135,731110,860159,788121,828

29,96027,84122,55841,21939,871

249,187188,317170,570147,292108,721

47.842.739.686 526.1

50,46882,72824,09518,88111,09?

162,858123,340112,453101,45985,797

46,86132,24984,02227,00211,882

88,11928,55123.72628,78151,776

85.140.041.441.746.4

5,6454,0928,1798,7107,982

25,482'18,511> 15,282•17,629•80,747

6,992'5,948•5,264•7,542•18,047

70,75682,99867,89550,24486,329

47.847.544.143.140.7

9,60212,20410,1818,8266,925

•45,026

54,23547,06833,90728,391

•16,128

16,56910,6468,0116,018

34,96629,47023,06886,57697,139

40.141.140.039.141.8

6.8936,8894,1316,78117,820

22,55718,98715,03322,90567,100

6,5066,0943,9045,890

12,719

241,700279,678307,255835,175804,488

48.4 40,77747,93649,68051,68947,347

177,059207,990230,832254,574228,627

28,86423,75826,74828,91228,614

60.864.067.966.0

294,814706,896522,919309,556805,228

55.559.958.848.4

60,722132,26491,81668,710146,613

213,980613,788383,960210,164687,965

29,61260,84447,14335,68270,65065.8

430,001141.132110,618

57.659.055.9

81,89026,87821,849

307,58997,34176,098

40,52217,41818,171

Under14 yean

14 to 44yean

45 andover

296.408298.826

59.161.0

47,46747,070

214,616220,821

33,32030,935

826,7001,218,4801,197,892838,172878,687

57.265.667.563.264.9

52,982158,621147,158113,700117,887

244,472981,692986,355678,480714,709

29,24678,16764,87945,99246,041

1,041,570761,786782,870

1,285,3491,100,785

70.769.264.872.469.6

120,60988,393112,148138,344186,278

868,810624,876630,671

1,100,771913,955

62,75188,51740,05146,28460,507

1,026,499812,870867,046648,748487,918

70.667.671.671.967.9

114,668109,150102,43174,06862,662

866,419667,165714.053539,254896,616

66,41246,56540,66235,42628,840

448,672811,716

67.862.6

54,62443,983

370,382248,187

28,66619,645

Under15 yean

15 to 40yean

Over40

229,299230.832343,267

59.268.561.9

88,26738,62752,741

164,905165,181254,519

26,12727,02486,007

279,948314,467602,917623,084660,819

57.659.368.862.463.2

38,28941,75557,89289 , 16796,879

238,543258,162419,701491,889406,843

13,11614,56025,82442,07868,597

Year

Total

Number >Percentmale

Under 15yean

15 to 40yean

Over 40

133 134 136 186 137

455,802 61 9 86,404 815,064 68,844444,427 59 t 92,534 303,885 48,058546,889 63 2 97,287 396,990 52,612490,109 62 6 94,278 345.575 60,256334,203 60 1 66,188 232,118 85.897

396,346 67 3 92,880 267,651 44,916618,592 59 6 123,562 385,572 59,458603,322 60 3 143,865 390.406 69,051788,992 63 2 171,021 540,677 77,294669,431 61 4 168,480 454,495 61,456

467,257 62 9 87,154 827,662 42,441177,826 62 9 84,654 122,731 20,541138,469 62 3 24,285 95,938 18,246141,857 64 9 28,754 100,366 17,787169,986 66 8 27,875 121,784 20,877

227,498 61 5 44,254 154,621 28,623818,339 60 4 63 , 578 199,840 49,921459.803 60 0 104,672 288,272 66,859404,806 59 3 90,510 268,213 51,088321,350 59 3 71,148 210,866 39,836

887,208 60 8 89,129 250,965 47,109352,768 60 9 79,808 232,397 40,568282 , 189 (•)

6257,687 188,859 86,193

342,162 0 65,335 236,017 40,810185,892 62 7 27,011 112,692 18,034

287,899 69 9 46,524 176,501 82,190221,535 59 4 41,912 151,711 27,778199,811 60 1 37,438 142,009 20,108114,463 58 4 20,641 80,726 12,888112,702 67 1 18,878 81,615 11.221

179,691 68 6 28,620 188,919 16,795155,509 68 2 24,670 114,110 16,116144,906 67 8 25,914 102,921 15,545271,982 53 9 50,648 177,093 22,808

224,496 67 8 42,732 141,986 19,906

230,476 68 8 58,045 151,440 25,155460,474 67 6 100,013 312,301 47,377400,982 66 7 87,381 267,876 44,568397,343 68 8 90,274 246,076 48,394408,828 67 7 89,241 274,869 44,072

65,670 62 2 13,825 43,699 7,621315,384 62,543 181.468 26,085299,683 60 0 67,831 200,899 80,679229,483 68 9 53,218 161,148 23,066239,482 67 9 57,161 156,627 20,800

168,649 57 5 86,878 108,268 17,160119,896 67 7 26,182 79,448 12,05984,764 56 0 19,918 54,745 8,65556,529 67 4 14,980 34,606 5,197

110,980 61 0 25,616 74,499 9,709

87,806 61 5 19,782 68,864 8,69092.207 64 2 21,727 62,461 7,65674,666 64 0 15,167 51,063 7,20145,169 63 3 8,822 28,718 6,74884,959 68 4 16,014 54,312 8,421

80,972 63 8 16,665 54.738 8,14148,716 62 0 10,685 82,412 5,43167,948 67 8 16,883 42,811 6,81859,925 67 5 17,425 35,002 4,8567,303 66 6 1,946 8,774 426

64,361 16,486 81,069 4,27828,880 64 4 7,040 13,598 1,86824,837 72 5 2,878 6,847 1,17824,518 65 2 8,686 11,603 1,76480,184 65 4 8,117 18,397 8,086

21,777 71 7 8,905 14,089 2,14818,908 70.9 2,261 10,026 1,28112,858 74.2 1,826 9,392 1,1519,627 80 1 94 6,660 1,1068,265 79 0 17 5,314 984

8,549 77 6 51 5,480 956

11,644 74.2 170 7,047 1,396

10,811 69.8 1,818 6,064 1,518

1890.1889.1888.1887.1886.

1885..1884.1883.1882.1881.

1880.1879.1878.1877.1876.

1876.1874.1878.1872.1871.

1870.1869..1868.1867.1866 «.

1866.1864.1863.1862.1861.

1860.1869.1858..1857.1856..

1856..1854.1858..1852.1851.

1850 >.1850.1849..1848.1847.

1846.1846.1844.1843 •

1842.

1841..1840..1839.1838-1837.

1836-1835.1884-1883.1832*

1832 ..1881.1880.1829.1828.

1827.1826.1825..1824.1823-

1822.1821.1820.

1 For 1820-1867 includes returning citizens.' For yean 1940-1944, figures in series C 186 include,

exclude, immigrants 45 yean old.1 Not reported.

and those In series C 137

4 6 months ending June 80.1 8 months ending December 31.1 9 months ending September 80.

62


Series C 139-151. Annual Quota and Aliens Admitted, by Classes: 1925 to 1957

[For years ending June 30]

Annual

Immigrants

Total Quota 1

Nonquota

Spousesand

children ofU. S.citizens

Natives

of WesternHemispherecountries 1

Other •

Nonimmigrants

TotalTemporary

visitorsTransitaliens

Students

Foreigngovernment

andinternational

officials

Returningresidentaliens

139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150

154,857154,657

164,657154,657154,657154,277154,277

154,206153,929153.929153,929153,879

153,879158,774158,774153,774153,774

153,774158,774158,774163,774153,774

153,774158,774153,831153.831153,714

153,714164,667164,667164,667164,667164,667

326,867821,625

287,790208,177170,434265,520206,717

249,187188,817170,570147,292108,721

88,11928,55123,72528,78151,776

70,75682,99867,89550,24486,829

84,96629,47023.06835,57697,139

241,700279,678807,256336,175804,488294,814

97,17889,310

82,23294,09884,175194,247156,547

197,460113,04692 , 52670,70129,095

11,6239,3949,04614,59736,220

51,99762,40242,49427,76218,675

17,20712,4838,22012,98354,118

141,497146,918153,231158,070157,432146,971

32,35931,742

80,88230,68922 , 54319,31511,462

16,27585,85436,83088,73949,267

3,0781,302876

1,2622,122

5,4747,043

10,2629,6368,824

9,2287,8916,6589,49017,264

32,10530,24525,67818,36111,0617,169

113,488124,032

94,27480,52661,09948,40835,274

33,23836,39437,96885.64029,502

22,82817,61418 , 52212 , 59612,686

11,98512,22314,37912,1528,066

7,7478,2377,5499,461

21,287

63,14797,548123,534147,899184,805189,389

83,84276,541

30,4022,8642,6173,5502,434

2,2148,0233,2462,212

857

690241283

326848

1,3001,330

760794764

774859641

3,6424,470

4,951•4,967•4,812•11,345

1,6901,796

758,858686,269

620,946566,613485,714516,082465,106

426,887447,272476,006366,305203,469

164,247113,64181,11782,457

100,008

188,082185,333184,802181,640164,570

144,766134,434127,660139,295183,540

204,614199,649193,376202,826191,618164,121

537,760471,969

401,090363,764306,716356,351814,206

287,794299,083284,983214,658134,826

107,72948,68927,70025,13534.660

65,32588.30979,84089,45573,813

61,63349,83836,89940,46555,636

70,82364,81064,58160 , 50856,61435,326

107,39966,214

71,30178,52667,68477,89972,027

68,64081,615124,78096,82581,124

28,17434,85631,90628.30518,749

36,30444,11545,14631,82226,671

24,93123,68722,69328,67832 , 169

27,99127,77627,25728,31225,57422,697

80.76028,018

27,19225,42513 , 5338,6187,855

9,74410,48111,91411,0035,855

866643021368766

2,0442,1822,4511,8281,515

1,8771,048

877147272

552561517624

1,8781,397

34,90482,299

82,29128,69630,61427,40426,407

18,98518,44520,88120,32017,689

18,05423,63016,32812,0389,269

7,4487,7776,2216,4935.312

6,1944,3634,0532,9663,961

5,3265,2735,3404,7695,6381,930

•10,617

52,136

61,44255,88750,39744.98044,212

40,90336,98432,46422,81818,806

6,8964,7454,10215,46286,246

26,10642,19650,26651,22847,166

60,88554,92862,46066,87991,201

99,056100,87994,36895,50283,74464,617

1 Includes persons admitted under the Displaced Persons Act of 1948, as amended,of whom there were 39,899 in 1949, 132,677 In 1950, 97,960 in 1951, 119,982 in 1952,5,128 in 1953, 5,235 in 1954, and 1,098 in 1965. In addition, between 1949 and 1953,inclusive, 4,157 displaced persons were admitted as nonquota immigrants.

• Includes spouses and children.

' Includes persons admitted under the Refugee Relief Act of 1963, of whom therewere 821 in 1954, 29,002 in 1955, 75,473 in 1956, and 82,444 in 1957.

* From 1953 on includes, among others, exchange aliens, of whom there were 12,684in 1963, 15,260 in 1954, 16,077 in 1955, 17,204 in 1956, and 17,849 in 1967; and temporary workers and industrial trainees of whom there were 3,021 in 1953, 7,479 in 1954,9,750 in 1966, 17,077 in 1956, and 16,866 in 1957.

• Figures are incomplete because of documentary waivers.

' Does not agree with source; adjusted to conform to definitions used in later year*.

Series C 152-155. Aliens Deported, Voluntarily Departing, and Excluded: 1892 to 1957


Total

152

68.46188,188

247,7971,101,228906,286728,959686,718

679,105296,337217,555214,648116,820

80,76039,44916,15410,61310,988

16,64817,79218,65317,61717,446

Deported

153

5,0827,297

15,02826,95119,84520,18118,644

6,62820,04020,87118,66314,376

11,2707,1794,2078,7094,407

6,9548,2029,2758,8299,196

Volun-

154

63,37980,891

232,7691,074.277885,891708,778678,169

672,477276.297197,184195,880101,945

69,49032,27011,9476,9046,631

8,6949,5909,2788,7888,251

Aliens

155

9071,709

2,6673,3135,6475,0505,647

5,2565,5417,1187,4352,942

2,8411,6421,4951,8332,929

6,3006,4988,0668,0767,000

Year

1985..1984..1933..1932..1931..

1980..1929-1928..1927..1926..

1926..1924..1928. .1922..1921..

1920—1919..1918—1917—1916-

1915-1914—

Aliens expelled

Total

152

16,29716,88980,21230,20129,861

28,01888,79631,57126,67410,904

9,4956,4093,6614,3454,517

2,7623,0681,5691,8532,781

2,5644,610

Deported

153

8,3198,87919,86519,42618,142

16,68112,90811,62511,66210,904

9,4956,4093,6614,3454,617

2,7623,0681,5691,8532,781

2,5644,610

Voluntarily

departing 1

154

7,9788,01010,84710,77611,719

11,88725,88819,94615,012

Aliens

155

6,5585,3845,5277,0649,744

8,28818,12718.83919,75520,550

25,39080,28420,61913,73118,779

11,7958,6267,29716,02818,867

24,11133,041

Year

191819121911

19101909190819071906

19061904190319021901

19001899189818971896

18961894

deported

153

3,461 19,9382,456 16,0672,788 22,349

2,695 24,2702,124 10,4112,069 10,902

996 18,064676 12,482

845 11,879779 7,994647 8,769465 4,974363 8,516

356 4,246263 8.798199 8,030263 1,617288 2,799

177 2,419417 1,889677 1.068687 2,164

1 First in 1927.

63

C 156-170 MIGRATION

Series C 156-157. Aliens Departing: 1908 to 1957


19571966

19551954195319521951

19501949194819471946

Emigrant

27,59824,58620,87522,50118,143

Emigrant

156

7,4425,6695,1077,86817,115

21,46126,65125,21026,73685,817

88,88489,77180,081

Non-emigrant

157

85,92078,74058,61567,18971,862

144,703174,758197,404197,846157,467

150,216137,401163,721

Year

19321931

19801929192819271926

19251924192319221921

Emigrant

103,29561,882

50,66169,20377,45773,36676,992

92,72876,78981,450198,712247,718

Non-emigrant

184,362229,084

221,764183,295196,899180,142150,768

132,762139,956119,136146,672178,313

Year

19201919191819171916

19151914191319121911

191019091908

EmigrantNon-

emigrant

156

288,315123 , 52294 , 58566,277129,765

204,074303,338808,190333,262295,666

202,436225,802395,073

1 Series discontinued.

Series C 158-170. Aliens Naturalized, by Sex and Place of Former Allegiance: 1907 to 1957

[For years ending June 30, except as noted]

1957..1956..

1955..1954..1953.1952..1951..

1950..1949..1948..1947..1946..

1945..1944..1943. .1942..1941..

1940..1939. .1938..1937..1936..

1985..1934..1988..1982..1931..

1980..1929..1928..1927..1926..

1926..1924..1928..1922..1921..

1920..1919..1918. .1917..1916..

1916..1914..1918..1912..1911..

1910..1909..1908..1907 '

Declarations

15,91112,870

10,8659,100

23 . 558111,46191,497

93,52764,86660,18787,77128,787

31 , 19642,368115,664221,796224,123

203,636156,691150,673176,196148.118

136,624108,07983,046101,345106,272

62,188280,646254,588258,295277,589

277,218424,540296,636278,611803,904

299,076891,156342,283440,651209,204

247,968214,104182,096171,138189,249

169,848146,745137,67178,668

Aliens naturalized

Totalnatural

ized

138,043» 145,885

'209,526•117,831

92,05188,65554,716

66,34666,59470,150

'93,904'150,062

'281,402' 441,979'318,933270,364277,294

285,260188,813162,078164,976141,265

118,945113,669113,363136,600143,495

169,877224 , 728233,155199,804146,381

162,457150,510146,084170,447181,292

177,688217,368161,44988,10487,881

91,848104,14583,56170,31056,683

89,44838,37425,9757,941

Sex

Male

60,28964,962

95,85054,47734.65728,59718,711

25,74527,86583 , 14752,99876,296

< 116,691< 202,698< 157,663112,040136,348

182,406113,93492,04197,69686,777

82,18282,46578,29395,901106,716

120,672167,665181,875165,833121,561

188,881186,739189,078

Female

77,75480,923

118,67663,35457,39460,05836,006

40,60138,72937,00840,90678,766

' 114,711'239,281• 161,2<0

158,324140,946

102,85474,87970,03767,28054,488

36,76381,20485,07040,69986,780

48,80557,06351,28038,97124,770

18,67614,7716,011

Place of former allegiance 1

NorthwesternEurope

162

25,87828,188

46,25331,08523,23823,68817,069

20,26020,78218,83427,01741,772

67,997114,801122,708117,607

96,375

78,85762,43066,35968,00264,852

44,60639,48140,79539,12338,466

38,91550,55446,05937,29328,317

29,00*28,78029,107

CentralEurope

47,65647,186

62,55728,34126,67625,93311,864

13.94614,47117,49524,22046,802

82,196189,80486,36571,76286,122

75,02459,63651,35965,78947,289

89,66438,85987,06843,33448,041

56,54072,26772,11165,59249,696

55,26255,91656,112

EasternEurope

164

18,06221,017

22,7957,8485,4405,3923,485

4,8005,2446,1507,281

14,481

28,94848,38242,01241,58635,844

29,14622,20919,80918,97014,781

11,82511,47612,54414,88417,428

24,04633,65284,96227,89923,158

23,16423,84822,897

SouthernEurope

15,76214,200

23,96516,02413,50713,3608,603

12,20011,71613,05915,66130,336

51,629122 , 63861,75831,04751,819

47,23640,45232,23529,16922,194

21,17120,34919,49824,85127,793

37,48153,23463,98955,92438,760

31,67132,23228,392

Asia

166

7,54810,412

16,00012 , 1704,9663,7492,886

4,8024,9937,201

11,7413,460

2,5455,5926,1332,0751,844

1,6231,3811,8111,290

901

760703706676822

1,4451,334

ft

CanadaOther

America

168

8,97710,795

16,8217,2105,1814,5483,827

4,1333,6073,1834,6767,144

8,59011,0999,8666,2475,249

3,9302,7091,9761,7101,220

087896780721

651664606455283

290270

Allother

169

3,2692,558

4,4942,0912,7401,9811,210

823434368

3,3086,077

4,498163914041

44462946

28

1,9051,972

« 2,867« 2,784

> 3,185' 4,6891 6,482

7,9046,049

6,0614,2002,030

1 See text for list of countries.' Includes 1,425 in 1948, 6,496 in 1944, 5,666 in 1946, 2,064 in 1946, 6,870 in 1947,

2,981 in 1964, 2,689 in 1965, and 2,236 in 1956, in various theaters of war or areas occupied by American Forces. No provision for naturalization in these areas for 1948-1963.

' Included in Northwestern Europe as part of British Empire.

* Data are from records of the Immigration and Naturalization Service and do notagree with source quoted. Source excludes Armed Forces overseas whereas the datashown here include Armed Forces overseas.

' Includes 469 in 1928, 601 in 1929, 842 in 1980, 818 in 1981, and 489 in 1932 naturalized in outlying possessions, country of former allegiance not specified.

• Included in "All other."

' September 27, 1906, to June 80, 1907.

64


Series C 171-184. Citizenship Status of the Population: 1890 to 1950

[Prior to 1920, the citizenship inquiry of the Population Census was restricted to males 21 years old and over. 1950 figures based on 20-percent sample; therefore differ fromsimilar Beries based on complete count]

AU ages

Foreign-bora population

21 years old and over

Foreign-born population

YearTotal

populationNative

population Naturalized

HavingNo

paper*

Unknownciti

zenship

Totalpopulation

Nativepopulation Natural

ized

HavingNo

papers

UnknownTotal first

papersTotal first

papers

citi

zenship

BOTHSEXES

171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 ISO 181 182 183 184

1950 150,216,110131,669,275122,775,046105.710,620

139,868,716120,074,379108,570,89791,789,928

10.347.39511.594,89614,204,14913.920,692

7,562,9707.280,2657,919,5366,489,883

0)924,524

1,266,419

(') 2,784,425834,979499,853801.476

96,732,90083.996,62972,943,62460,886,520

86,712.45072,703,80859.607.27148,200,127

10,020,46011.292.82113,386.35312,686.893

7,466,4457,159,6437,681,6816,218,801

(')910,416

1,237,2551,197,698

(') 2,554,005797,786471,241740,138

1940 2,555,1284,618,3415.406,780

2,424,9763,946,1764,529,756

19301920 1,222,553

MALE

1950 74,200,08566.061,59262,137,08053,900,43147,332.27738,816,44832,237,101

68,941,83069,939,94554.489.99046,224,99639.664,52933,186,258

6,258,2556,121.6477,647,0907,675,4357,667,7485,630,190

4,033,0704,187.0274,365,4083,449,547

(')581.713965,942

1,137,021

0) 1,225.185394,836244,035393,825

47,137,46042.004,816,37,056,75731,403,370,26,999,15121,134,29916,940,311

42,045,23036,035,22829,887,78024,389.77620,218,98716.124,01312,591,852

5.092,2805,969,5887,218,977!7,063,5946,780.2145,010,2864,348,459

3,981,8954,076,2074,247,7043,320,2263,038,3032,848,8072,545,753

(')574,296939,875

1,119,982671,521412,271236,061

P)942,855

1,800,2962,259,3102,390.4261,014,2191,189.452

1,110,335376,230231,103864,076779,964734,989377,193

1940 1,008,0712,081,7102,695,042

1930

191019001890

FEMALE

1950 76,016,0251

65,607.683'60,637,966!51,810,189

70,926,88560,134.43454,080,90745,564.932

5,089,1405,478,2496,657,059,6,245,257

3,529,9003,143,2383,554.1333,040,336

(')342,811310,47765,532

(■) 1,559,240440,143255,818407,651

49.595,44041,991,813;35,886,867129,483,1601

44,667,22036,668,58029,769,49123,860,351

4,928.2205,323.2336,117,37615,622,799!

3,484,5508.083.4363,438,9772.898.575

(')836 , 120297,88077,716

(') 1,443,670421,556240,188

1940 1,547,0572,436,6312,711.738

1,482,1212,145,8812,270,446 . 876,062

1 Not available.

Series C 185-217. Native White Population of Foreign or Mixed Parentage, by Country of Origin of Parents:

1900 to 1950

[1940 figures based on 5-percent sample; 1950 on 20-percent sample]

SeriesNo.

Country of origin of parents 1950 1940 1930 1920 1900

185

186187188189190191192193194195196

197198199200201202203204

207208209210211212213214215216217

Total

England and WalesScotland

Northern IrelandIreland (Eire) ■Norway

SwedenDenmark 1NetherlandsBelgiumSwitzerland -France- _ —

GermanyPolandCzechoslovakiaAustriaHungiryYugoslavia

U. S. S. RLithe- nia

FlnlrndRumania

Greece

ItalySpainPortugalOther Europe

Asia - .Canada-FrenchCanada-OtherMexicoOther AmericaAll other and not reported

23,589.485

1 ,443,230463.32529,890

1,891,495652,380864,695318,710272,53585,500

215,660253,665

3,742,6151,926,015705,890816,465437,080239,920

1,647,420249,825172,870130,100

195,2363,148,405

69,490117,675128,030239 , 525519.495

1,468,325891,980101,240157,800

23,157,580 25,902,383 22,686,204 18,897,837 15.646,017

1,466,900446,540270,820

1,838,920662,600856,320806,640261,32076,400

205,680246 , 120

3,998,8401,912,380664,620781,840371,840222,300

1,569,360229,040167,080131,760

163,4202,971,200

61,700114,06075,660183,260635,020

1,231,020699,22091,980

245,220

1,890,051545,268517,167

2,841,712752,246967,453349.668280,83382,897

260,993336,373

264,289073,615890,441583.734316,318257,979516,214245,689178,058147,060

129,2252,756,453

52,30597,917101,662152,347735,307

1,323,617583,42275,22096,960

1,864,345514,436

[ 8,122,013

701,096888,497320,410249,33968,961

257,341288,350

5,346.0041,303,351

m'1,235,097

•538,518

(')

\ 1,508,604

152,16164,776

52.0831,751,091

137,284

C)562,360,279,245253,17651,259

176,407

1,822,264484,699

3,304,015

609,068752,695256 , 175188,01546,222

217,459226,059

6,670,611726,924

(')716,753215,295(•)

775,654

85,67226,934

9,985771,645

74,548

2562,709

1,088,112162.95930 , 16974,196

1 Includes Iceland prior to 1930.* Included with "Ail other and not reported."

* Included with Austria and Hungary.* Areas as defined in 1910.

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Historical statistics of the United States, Colonial Times ...€¦ · Compu tations were by age groups for each sex, the figures presented in series C 25-73 being summations for