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Architectural Survey
Survey of historic sites in Henderson County undertaken in 1979 – 1980 Funded in part by state and federal grants Over 400 buildings and sites recorded
Only 22 buildings in Fletcher documented Buildings dating after 1930 largely ignored
Draft of publication begun, but never completed or published
Certified Historic Buildings
Fletcher landmarks listed on National Register of Historic Places:
The Meadows (circa late-1850’s) Listed on NR 1980
Rugby Grange (circa late-1850’s) Listed on NR 1980
Rugby Grange
Circa 1850’s“Italian Villa” style popular in mid-19th
century architectural treatisesConstructed of stone from Burney Mountain
Italian Villa Style
Style popular in mid-19th
century architectural treatisesDesign for a “Suburban Cottage” from A. J. Downing’s The Architecture of Country Houses, published 1850
Certified Historic Buildings
Determination of Eligibility by FHwA (under Section 106):
Calvary Episcopal Church (circa 1859, 1935) DOE 1995
Calvary Episcopal Church Rectory (circa 1885) DOE 1995 Demolished for construction of Ingles
Calvary Episcopal Church
Circa 1859“Gothic Revival” style popular in mid-19th
centuryRebuilt after fire in 1935Tower originalBrick construction
Eligible Historic Buildings
Fletcher landmarks placed on National Register Study List:
Merrimon-Russell House (circa 1845) Placed on NRSL 1979 Never listed on NR Re-evaluation would be required
Merrimon-Russell House
Circa 1845Vernacular “Greek Revival” style popular in mid-19th
centuryFrame constructionStone / brick chimneys
Heritage of stone construction
Rugby Grange (1850’s)The Meadows (1850’s)The Knoll (1870)Calvary Episcopal Church Rectory (1886)R. B. Blake House (1898)
Rugby Grange
Circa 1850’s“Italian Villa” style popular in mid-19th
century architectural treatisesConstructed of stone from Burney Mountain
Calvary Church Rectory
Circa 1886“Italian Villa” styleStone constructionDemolished for commercial development
R. B. Blake House
Circa 1898“Arts & Crafts” stylePossibly Richard Sharp Smith design?Stone construction
Heritage of brick construction
Calvary Episcopal Church (1869)Dr. G. W. Fletcher House (late 1800’s)Rugby Brick House (late 1800’s)Fletcher Brick Works Kiln (circa 1910)Fletcher Commercial District (early 1900’s)
Fletcher Brick Works Kiln
Circa 1910Beehive-style kilnOriginally coal firedShould be considered as one of most historically significant structures in Fletcher
Fletcher Commercial District
Early 20th
century brick commercial buildingsRepresents commercial growth of areaDemolished for US 25 widening
Fletcher Commercial District
Fletcher Supply Co.Early 20th
century brick commercial buildingPivotal building in “downtown” Fletcher
Heritage of Frame Construction:
Merrimon-Russell House (circa 1845)Old Tavern (Fletcher House) (mid-1800’s)Frady House (circa 1890)Rutledge-Weston House (circa 1892)W. E. Poteat House (early 1900’s)James Lance House (circa 1905)Green House (early 1900’s)Houses (early 1900’s)
Green House
Early 1900’s“Colonial Revival / Shingle Style”Exemplifies summer home architecture for region
National Register Criteria
What makes a building historically significant?
Quality of Significance in: American History Architecture Archaeology Culture
National Register Criteria
Building or Site Possess Integrity of: Location Design Setting Materials Workmanship Feeling Association
National Register Criteria
Criterion A Associated with events that have made
significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or…
Criterion B Associated with the lives of person significant
in our past; or…
National Register Criteria
Criterion C Embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period,
or method of construction Represent the work of a master Posses high artistic values Represent a significant and distinguishable entity
whose components may lack individual distinction; or…
Criterion D Have yielded, or may be likely to yield information
important in prehistory or history
Define Preservation Terms
PreservationRehabilitationRestorationReconstruction
National Park Service Standards for Treatment of Historic Properties (1992)
Preservation
The act or process of applying measures necessary to sustain the existing form, integrity, and materials of an historic property. Protection and stabilization Maintenance and repair Avoids extensive replacement and new
construction
Rehabilitation
The act or process of making possible a compatible use for a property through repair, alterations, and additions while preserving those portions or features which convey its historical, cultural, or architectural values. Sympathetic changes Follows Secretary’s Standards
Restoration
The act or process of accurately depicting the form, features, and character of a property as is appeared at a particular period of time by means of the removal of features from other periods in its history and reconstruction of missing features from the restoration period. Usually limited to historic museum buildings Very small proportion of preservation work
Reconstruction
The act or process of depicting, by means of new construction, the form, features, and detailing of a non-surviving site, landscape, building, structure or object for the purpose of replicating its appearance at a specific period of time and in its historic location. Usually limited to historic museum buildings Typically combined with restoration work
Future of Preservation in Fletcher
Architectural survey must be completed Confirm status of buildings in earlier survey Include significant post-WWII buildings Seek out available funding
Publish architectural survey Document social history of Fletcher Document architectural history as it relates to
social history
Future of Preservation in Fletcher
Documentation of National Register eligible buildings Submit NR Study List applications for select surveyed
buildings Pursue NR nominations for significant buildings
Establishment of Historic Preservation Commission Designation and protection of landmarks Designation of local districts
Preservation and Architecture
What is the “architectural character” of Fletcher? Defined in part by its built heritage
Surviving as well as no longer extant Stylistic influences
High style (national trends) Regional and local vernacular
Materials of construction Local and traditional