HISTOLOGY A&P 1. TISSUES Tissues - collections of similar cells working together to perform a...
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HISTOLOGY A&P 1. TISSUES Tissues - collections of similar cells working together to perform a function Tissue classification based on structure of cells,
TISSUES Tissues - collections of similar cells working together
to perform a function Tissue classification based on structure of
cells, composition of noncellular extracellular matrix, and cell
function Major types of adult tissues Epithelial Connective Muscle
Nervous
Slide 3
EPITHELIAL TISSUE Cellularity - Consists almost entirely of
cells Covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs, and forms glands
Outside surface of the body Lining of digestive, respiratory and
urogenital systems Heart and blood vessels Linings of many body
cavities Has apical and basal surfaces Rests on a basement membrane
Specialized cell contacts bind adjacent cells together Avascular -
no blood vessels Regenerative -Replaces lost cells by cell
division
Slide 4
What is this???? What is the name of these types of cells?
Where would I find it? What might be its function? SIMPLE CUBOIDAL
KIDNEYS SECRETION and ABSORPTION
Slide 5
Name this tissue type What is the name? Where is it located?
What is its function? Transitional Bladder, ureters, urethra
Provides stretch
Slide 6
Name this tissue type What is the name? Where is it located?
What is its function? Simple squamous Alveoli of lungs, kidney
glomeruli, lining of vessels Filtration (kidneys), diffusion (air
sacs of lungs) What is this an image of? Bowmans capsule
(glomerulus of kidneys) Glomerulus Simple squamous tissue layer
Simple cuboidal tissue layer
Slide 7
Name this tissue type What is the name? Where is it located?
What is its function? Simple columnar Intestinal tract Absorption,
secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances
Slide 8
Name this tissue type What is the name? Where is it located?
What is its function? Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Trachea
and bronchial tubes Secretion of mucus, propulsion of mucus by
cilia This is a _______ Cell? goblet These structures are
cilia
Slide 9
Name this tissue type What is the name? Where is it located?
What is its function? Stratified squamous Lines mouth, vagina,
esophagus, skin protection
Slide 10
STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS Specific types Keratinized contain the
protective protein keratin Surface cells are dead and full of
keratin Non-keratinized forms moist lining of body openings
Slide 11
CONNECTIVE TISSUE Most diverse and abundant tissue Main classes
Connective tissue proper Cartilage Bone tissue Blood
Characteristics Varying degrees of vascularity Nonliving
extracellular matrix, consisting of ground substance and fibers
Cells are not as abundant nor as tightly packed together as in
epithelium
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FUNCTIONS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE Enclose organs as a capsule and
separate organs into layers. Areolar Connect tissues to one
another. Tendons and ligaments. Support and movement. Bones.
Storage. Fat. Insulation. Fat. Transport. Blood. Protection. Bone,
cells of the immune system
Slide 13
CELLS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE Fibroblasts - secrete the proteins
needed for fiber synthesis and components of the extracellular
matrix Adipose or fat cells (adipocytes). Common in some tissues
(dermis of skin); rare in some (cartilage) Mast cells. Common
beneath membranes; along small blood vessels. Can release heparin,
histamine, and proteolytic enzymes in response to injury.
Leukocytes (WBCs). Respond to injury or infection Macrophages.
Derived from monocytes (a WBC). Phagocytic; provide protection
Chondroblasts - form cartilage Osteoblasts - form bone
Hematopoietic stem cells - form blood cells Undifferentiated
mesenchyme (stem cells). Have potential to differentiate into adult
cell types.
Slide 14
Extracellular Matrix ECM has 3 major components 1. Protein
fibers 2. Ground substance 3. Fluid Protein fibers Collagen fibers.
Composed of the protein collagen. Strong, flexible, inelastic;
great tensile strength (i.e. resist stretch). Perfect for tendons,
ligaments Elastic fibers. Contain molecules of protein elastin that
resemble coiled springs. Returns to its original shape after
stretching or compression. Perfect for lungs, large blood vessels
Reticular fibers. Formed from fine collagenous fibers; form
branching networks (stroma). Fill spaces between tissues and
organs.
Slide 15
Name this tissue type What is the name? Where is it located?
What is its function? Adipose Under the skin, around the eyes,
kidneys, heart. Protection, storage
Slide 16
Name this tissue type What is the name? Where is it located?
What is its function? Soft internal skeleton, supports other cell
types Internal skeleton: lymph nodes, spleen Reticular (Loose)
Connective Tissue Fibers? Cells? lymphocytes Reticular
Slide 17
Name this tissue type What is the name? Where is it located?
What is its function? Support, reinforce, resist compressive
stress. Embryonic skeleton, cover end of bones, trachea, nose,
larynx Hyaline. What are these cells called? chondrocytes
Slide 18
Name this tissue type What is the name? Where is it located?
What is its function? Wraps and cushions organs; inflammation.
Widely distributed under epithelia Aerolar Loose connective. Fiber?
Cell? Collagen Elastic Fibroblast
Slide 19
Name this tissue type What is the name? Where is it located?
What is its function? Attaches muscles to bones, bones to bones.
Tendons, ligaments, aponeurosis Dense Connective Tissue. ??
Fibroblasts Collagen
Slide 20
Name this tissue type What is the name? Where is it located?
What is its function? Storage, support Bones Osseous tissue. 1.
Haversian Canal 2. Canaliculi 3. Lamella 4. Osteocytes in the
Lacuna
Slide 21
Slide 22
What tissue is this? Where is it found? What is its function?
Spongy bone or cancellous bone In the center of flat bones and in
the ends of long bones Support ?? What important process takes
place here? hematopoiesis
Slide 23
PpPp
Slide 24
MUSCLE TISSUE Characteristics Cells are referred to as fibers
Contracts or shortens with force when stimulated Moves entire body
and pumps blood Types Skeletal:attached to bones Cardiac: muscle of
the heart. Smooth: muscle associated with tubular structures and
with the skin. Nonstriated and involuntary.
