HIRDLS Validation Overview(V003, v2.04.09)

B. Nardi, J. Gille, J. Barnett, D. Kinnison, S. Massie, M. Coffey, C. Randall, V. L. Harvey,

A. Waterfall, J. Reburn, J. Alexander & HIRDLS Team

HIRDLS Science MeetingOxford, June 26, 2008

Overview

Validation Operations & Efforts to date

Temperature validation

Ozone validation

Nitric Acid validation

Cloud counting/height validation

Products Status

Summary

ACE

CALIPSO

ENVISAT / MIPAS

HALOE/UARS

SAGE III

2005 2006 2007 2008

INTEX-BH-AVE TC4

HIRDLS Review

ARCTAS

• P-AVE = Polar AURA Validation Experiment 2005 1/24-2/9 (M. Schoeberl, E. Jensen)• H-AVE = Houston AURA Validation Experiment, 2005 6/9-7/7 (P. Newman, D. Fahey)• CR-AVE = Costa Rica AURA Validation Experiment, 2006 1/9-2/11 (P. Newman, E. Jensen)• INTEX-B = Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment, 2006 3/1–5/12 (M. Gaunce, H. Singh, M. Schoeberl )• TC4 = Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling, 2007 6/26–8/13 (D. Starr, B. Toon)• ARCTAS = Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites, 2008 Apr 1-21 (K. Shiffer, D. Jacob, H. Singh)• START08 = Stratosphere-Troposphere Analyses of Regional Transport, 2008 4/ 21- 5/16 & June 16-28, (E.Atlas, L. Pan, K. Bowman)

• SAUNA = Sodankylä Total Column Ozone Intercomparison, 2006, 3/27-4/12• MOHAVE = Measurements Of Humidity in the Atmosphere: Validation Experiments, 2006 Oct 14-28; 2007 Oct1-15 (T. Leblanc, S. McDermid)• WAVES = Water Vapor Val. Exp., Sum 2006&07, Win 2008: H2O, O3, T, balloon sondes, lidar &…, Beltsville, MD (D. Whiteman)• Large Bal. = Large Balloon payloads, 9-10/2005, 1/2007

• ACE-FTS = Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment on Canadian satellite SCISAT-1, (P. Bernath, K. Walker)• CALIPSO = Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (D. Winker, J. Pelon)• HALOE = Halogen Occultation Experiment (J. Russell)• SAGE III = Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (P. McCormick)• MIPAS = Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding on European satellite ENVISAT • COSMIC = GPS receivers on, launch June 2006

HIRDLS Operational

P-AVE CR-AVE

START08

HIRDLS Validation

2004ST30 ST13 ST23

WAVES’06

WAVES’07

WAVES’08SAUNA

V003(v2.04.09)V002(v2.02.07)

Airborne Ground/Lidar-Bal. Satellite

MOHAVE MOHAVE2

L.Bal.L.Bal.

~ V004 ~

date T O3 HNO3 Clouds H2O F11 F12 CH4 NO2 N2O N2O5 ClONO2

CampaignsP –AVE 1-2/2005 O OH –AVE 6-7/2005 O XCR –AVE 1-2/2006 O OINTEX-B 3-5/2006 X P

TC-4 6-8/2007 P P P P ARCTUS 4,7/2008

START08 4/2008 SAUNA 3-4/2006 XWAVES 6-7/2006 P XMOHAVE 10/2006,07 P PLarge Bal. 9/2005 O O O P Large Bal.2 1/2007 P P P

NetworksSHADOZ O X Other -sonde X O CFH-sites P PNDACC – lidar X X – FTIR, other

SatellitesACE X X X O MLS X X X O CALIPSO XHALOE XSAGE-III XMIPAS O O O OCOSMIC O

ModelsECMWF X O GMAO O O O

EUMETSAT (EPS) O O

P

Validation Data Usage / Opportunities

Key: X=Published (V003, v2.04.09); O=Ongoing; P=Pending

.

O

O

.

O

O

.

OO

O

.

O

O

.

PP

PP

O

O

O

O

.

PP

PP

O

O

O

O

.PPP

P

PP

O

OO

O

OOO

.

O

O

Temperature

Individual Profiles

Gille et al, 2008

Sonde Temperature Comparisons

Statistical Differences

-2 2 -2 2

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

Pre

ssur

e (h

Pa)

Temperature (K) Temperature (K)-2 2-2 2

MLO[19.5oN, 156oW]

TMF[34.5oN, 118oW]

Temperature Lidar Profile Comparisons

1 km 1 km

Gille et al, 2008

Mean difference, HIRDLS-COSMIC, for the Double COSMIC+HIRDLS coincidences. The solid line gives the difference, the outer dashed lines give the difference +/- the standard deviation of comparisons about the mean, and the inner dashed lines give the 1 standard deviation error bars of the mean.

Mean DifferencesTemperature comparison with COSMIC/GPS, on small vertical distance scales.

COINCIDENCE: Profiles were required to be within 0.75º great circle and 500 sec of each other, giving 888 pairs.HIRDLS (V003) and COSMIC profiles were separately smoothed using a cosine bell filter of 2.8 km full width at half height (high pass filtered). The deviations from these profiles were then intercorrelated over the range 2.0 to 4.75 pressure scale height.

J.J. Barnett

The FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC constellation of six satellites, launched 14 April 2006, carries GPS receivers. Resolution = 1 km.

Temperature Comparison with ACE-FTS

Average temperature differences (solid, HIRDLS-ACE) and standard deviation (dashed).

Gille et al, 2008

Gille et al, 2008

Predicted: L2 retrieved parameter, f(radiance error, a priori error, Jacobians)Observed: Standard Deviation of differences at orbit-crossover.

Temperature: Estimated Precision

Empirically determined precision for HIRDLS determined from differences of paired profiles (dashed line) at latitude cross-over points at 80°N for 2 days in March and 2 days in September, compared total precision calculated by the retrieval code (solid line). The total variation of the GMAO and HIRDLS data for those situations are also shown.

Ozone

OZONESONDE Comparisons

Nardi et al, 2008

1 km1 km

1 km

1 km

MLO[19.5oN, 156oW]

TMF[34.5oN, 118oW]

OZONE Lidar Comparisons

1 km

Nardi et al, 2008

Ozone: INTEX-B AROTAL Lidar

Nardi et al, 2008

Anticycloneborder

HIRDLSv2.04.09

MLSv2.2

Polar Vortexborder

Ozone

Nardi et al, 2008

Shown is the ozone standard deviation in different equivalent latitude and potential temperature bins, an estimate of HIRDLS ozone precision. Results are given, in terms of percentage of mean VMR, for two days: 2006 June 20 (LEFT) and 2006 December 22 (RIGHT). In the bottom plots, the black lines highlight the 10% contour and the white lines highlight the 100% contour.

Ozone Estimated Precision

DecemberJune

~50 km, ~1 hPa --

~15 km, ~120hPa --

Nardi et al, 2008

Nitric Acid

HNO3: ACE-FTS comparisons

NH

SH

ΔVMR %Difference

Kinnison et al, 2008

May 2006 (4 days)

Oct 2006 (8 days)

Mar 2007 (27 days)

Zonal Mean Average HNO3

Kinnison et al, 2008

Airborne profile comparisons - Houston AVE [June 2005]

HIRDLS (red) NOAA CIMS (blue)

For this flight, HIRDLS HNO3 is broadly consistent with the NOAA CIMS instrument in the 100 hPa - 75 hPa region. Below this region, HNO3 filaments as measured by CIMS are not captured. The reason for this is currently not understood.

Kinnison et al, 2008

(CIMS = Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer)

Kinnison et al, 2008

“Latitude-height comparisons of meteorological products from the NCEP GFS and HIRDLS O3 and HNO3 data products for the orbit segment shown in Figure 17. (top) Color contours of potential vorticity; the solid black line is for the 3 pvu contour. Horizontal wind contours are shown in white (for every 5 m/s). The 400 K potential temperature contour is shown as a blue dashed line. The tropopause pressure altitude is shown as filled black circles. Color contours of (middle) HIRDLS O3 (ppmv) and (bottom) HNO3 (ppbv). The white contour lines are the horizontal wind contours for 26 and 28 m/s.”

HIRDLS HNO3 Filaments

Shown is the HNO3 standard deviation in different equivalent latitude and potential temperature bins, an estimate of HIRDLS HNO3 precision. Results are given, in terms of percentage of the mean VMR, for two days: 2006 June 20 (LEFT) and 2006 December 22 (RIGHT). In the bottom plots, the black lines highlight the 10% contour and the white lines highlight the 100% contour.

DecemberJune

HNO3 Estimated Precision

Kinnison et al, 2008

Clouds

Cirrus Layer Extinction Profile Tropical Cirrus Layer

700 %Radiance

Perturbation

Detection of Sub-Visual Cirrus Layer (12 µm, channel #6)

Massie, et al, 2007

Cloud Top Pressure Determinations

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Tropics

HIRDLS HALOE

No

rmal

ized

Dis

trib

uti

on

Cloud Top Pressure (hPa)

a

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Mid-latitudes

HIRDLS HALOE

No

rmal

ized

Dis

trib

uti

on

Cloud Top Pressure (hPa)

b

10

100

1000

10000

100000

50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Tropics

HIRDLS HALOE

Nu

mb

er o

f O

bse

rvat

ion

s

Cloud Top Pressure (hPa)

c1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

50 100 150 200 250 300 350

MId-latitudes

HIRDLS HALOE

Nu

mb

er o

f O

bse

rvat

ion

s

Cloud Top Pressure (hPa)

d

Massie, et al, 2007

Compare the cloud counting capability of the HIRDLS with HALOE.

Cirrus Frequency of Occurrence

Derived from Multi-spectral Extinction (all clouds)

Derived from Radiance-based cloud detectionalgorithm. (types 1,2)

Longitude

Latit

ude

Latit

ude

Massie, et al, 2007

Seasonal Variations of Cirrus LayersCALIPSO HIRDLS

WinterNH

SpringNH

SummerNH

FallNH

Massie, et al, 2007

Summary of quality of V003 (v2.04.09) products

Temperature:P-Range: 1-300 hPaPrecision: 0.5K at 10-100 hPa; 1K @ 1 hPa (v2.02.07)Accuracy: ±2K at 1-100 hPa

Ozone:Range: 1-100+ hPa (mid-high Lat), 1-50 hPa (tropics) Precision: 5-10% Accuracy: 2-10% at 1-10 hPa; biased generally low

5% high bias ~10-30 hPa0-20% low bias, ~30-100+ hPa (mid & high latitudes)

Nitric Acid:Range: 10-100 hPa, 10-50 hPa (tropics) Precision: 10-35% at 100-10hPaAccuracy: ~10% (at 10hPa) to 30% (at 100hPa); biased low [ACE-FTS]

Clouds/Aerosol:Range: 400 hPa- 10 hPaCorrelation with other instruments:

SAGE & HALOE (cloud-top pressure): 0.85 - .93CALIPSO horizontal cloud scale: 0.99

Extinction retrieval successful at rate 70%: improvements to be released

Vertical Resolution: ~1 km

Status of HIRDLS data products

1. Temperature, Ozone, HNO3, clouds: - significantly improved T, O3, clouds to be released soon (V004).- significantly improved HNO3 likely in subsequent release (Fall 2008?)

2. CFC-11, CFC-12, 12.1-micron extinction: - to be newly released soon (V004).

3. H2O: most promising for subsequent release.

4. CH4, NO2, N2O, ClONO2, N2O5:– not ready to release; significant improvements made and are ongoing.

List of validation & related publications

• Alexander, M. J., et al. (2008), Global estimates of gravity wave momentum flux from High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder observations, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S18, doi:10.1029/2007JD008807.

• Coffey et al, Airborne Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) observations in support of EOS Aura validation, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D16S42, doi:10.1029/2007JD008833, 2008

• Gille et al, The High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS): Experiment Overview, Results and Validation of Initial Temperature Data, JGR, In Press.

• Kinnison et al, Global Observations of HNO3 from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) – First results, JGR, In Press.

• Massie, S., et al. (2007), High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder observations of polar stratospheric clouds and subvisible cirrus, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S31, doi:10.1029/2007JD008788.

• Nardi, B., et al. (2008), Initial validation of ozone measurements from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D16S36, doi:10.1029/2007JD008837.

Selected recent relevant HIRDLS publications

Barnett, J.J., J.N. Bracken, K. Djotni, C.L. Hepplewhite, J.L. Moorhouse, O.O. Oduleye, C.W.P. Palmer, D.M. Peters, L.A. Rokke, T.W. Walton, R.E.J. Watkins, J.G. Whitney, J.C. Gille, P.I. Arter, T.D. Eden, B. Nardi (2003), Pre-launch calibration of the NASA AURA HIRDLS instrument, Proc. SPIE 5152, 172-180.

Eden, T., J.J. Barnett, J.C. Gille, C.L. Hepplewhite, C.W.P. Palmer, J.G. Whitney (2007), Spectral Characterization of the HIRDLS Flight Instrument from Pre-launch Calibration Data, submitted IEEE.

Eden, Thomas, et al., Radiometric Calibration of the HIRDLS Flight Instrument from Pre-launch Calibration Data, in preparation for IEEE.Gille, J.C., et al., (2005) Development of special corrective processing of HIRDLS data and early validation (Conference Proceedings Paper), SPIE, Vol 5883, 13 Sept

2005.Gille, J.C., J.J. Barnett, J.C. Whitney, M.A. Dials, D.M. Woodard, W. Rudolf, A. Lambert, W. Mankin (2003), The High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder

(HIRDLS) Experiment on Aura, Proc. SPIE 5152, 162-171. Hepplewhite, C.L., J.J. Barnett, J.C. Whitney, C.W.P. Palmer, O.O. Oduleye, T. Walton, M.A. Dials, J.C. Gille, T. Eden, B. Nardi (2005), HIRDLS Functional

Performance in Orbit – A summary, Proc. SPIE 5883, J1-10.Khosravi et. al. (2007) Retrieval Algorithm and Characterization for the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS), in preparation for IEEE Trans. Geosci.

Remote Sens.Moorhouse, J.L., J.J. Barnett, K. Djotni, C.L. Hepplewhite, C.W. P. Palmer, O.O. Oduleye, T. Walton, R.E.J. Waktins, J.G. Whitney, J.C. Gille, P. Arter, B. Nardi

(2003), HIRDLS field of view calibration techniques and results, Proc. SPIE, 5152, 193-203.Yudin, Valery, et al. (2007), Constraining Middle Atmosphere Models by Space-borne Observations: Zonal Mean Flow and Tides, SPARC/WCRP Data Assimilation

Workshop, Toronto, Canada, Sept. 2007

… others, including updates, in progress

Cora Randall

Ozone Comparison with ACE-FTS

NH

SH

ΔVMR %Difference

V. Lynn Harvey

Comparisons with MLS v2.2 Ozone on pressure surfaces [Mercator]

1 hPa 3 hPa

51 hPa 100 hPa

O3 Percent Diff (%) O3 Percent Diff (%)

31 hPa10 hPa

Comparisons with MLS v2.2 Ozone [Zonal Mean]

2006Jul 2006Oct

2006Feb 2006May

O3 Percent Diff (%)O3 Percent Diff (%)

Ozone