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High culture vs. subculture
Two models of how culture is transmitted in the city
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
Hierarchical orientation Top-down: “civilization” defined and illustrated
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
Hierarchical orientation Top-down: “civilization” defined and illustrated
Inverted: “deviance” and marginality normalized
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
Hierarchical orientation Top-down: “civilization” defined and illustrated
Inverted: “deviance” and marginality normalized
Characteristic setting The palace
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
Hierarchical orientation Top-down: “civilization” defined and illustrated
Inverted: “deviance” and marginality normalized
Characteristic setting The palace The enclave
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
Hierarchical orientation Top-down: “civilization” defined and illustrated
Inverted: “deviance” and marginality normalized
Characteristic setting The palace The enclave
Sustained by Patronage and formal institutions (e.g., music academies)
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
Hierarchical orientation Top-down: “civilization” defined and illustrated
Inverted: “deviance” and marginality normalized
Characteristic setting The palace The enclave
Sustained by Patronage and formal institutions (e.g., music academies)
Everyday life and (when cultural production becomes a career) “critical mass”
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
Hierarchical orientation Top-down: “civilization” defined and illustrated
Inverted: “deviance” and marginality normalized
Characteristic setting The palace The enclave
Sustained by Patronage and formal institutions (e.g., music academies)
Everyday life and (when cultural production becomes a career) “critical mass”
How is this model complicated by the culture industries?
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
Hierarchical orientation Top-down: “civilization” defined and illustrated
Inverted: “deviance” and marginality normalized
Characteristic setting The palace The enclave
Sustained by Patronage and formal institutions (e.g., music academies)
Everyday life and (when cultural production becomes a career) “critical mass”
How is this model complicated by the culture industries?
Fordist mass culture: commodification of popular culture creates a new set of norms and institutions at odds with high culture
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
Hierarchical orientation Top-down: “civilization” defined and illustrated
Inverted: “deviance” and marginality normalized
Characteristic setting The palace The enclave
Sustained by Patronage and formal institutions (e.g., music academies)
Everyday life and (when cultural production becomes a career) “critical mass”
How is this model complicated by the culture industries?
Fordist mass culture: commodification of popular culture creates a new set of norms and institutions at odds with high culture
Post-Fordist niche culture: commodification of marginality creates crisis of representation and authenticity
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
Hierarchical orientation Top-down: “civilization” defined and illustrated
Inverted: “deviance” and marginality normalized
Characteristic setting The palace The enclave
Sustained by Patronage and formal institutions (e.g., music academies)
Everyday life and (when cultural production becomes a career) “critical mass”
How is this model complicated by the culture industries?
Fordist mass culture: commodification of popular culture creates a new set of norms and institutions at odds with high culture
Post-Fordist niche culture: commodification of marginality creates crisis of representation and authenticity
How does this model presume a historic city that might no longer exist?
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
Hierarchical orientation Top-down: “civilization” defined and illustrated
Inverted: “deviance” and marginality normalized
Characteristic setting The palace The enclave
Sustained by Patronage and formal institutions (e.g., music academies)
Everyday life and (when cultural production becomes a career) “critical mass”
How is this model complicated by the culture industries?
Fordist mass culture: commodification of popular culture creates a new set of norms and institutions at odds with high culture
Post-Fordist niche culture: commodification of marginality creates crisis of representation and authenticity
How does this model presume a historic city that might no longer exist?
“Court society” and high-cultural institutions are concentrated in the city
High culture Subculture
Urban scale of reference Interurban: integrating the monarchy, nation, empire
Intraurban: wresting space from other groups and neighborhoods
Made possible by Tribute: political allegiance, wealth, trade, and the “best of the best” flow to the city
Urbanization: groups compete for material and symbolic resources, including space
Urban structural context Core-periphery Spatial differentiation: city as “mosaic of little worlds”
Latent function Centralizing and legitimating power via display and inculcation of status codes
Mitigating social disorganization via shared practices, norms & identities
Hierarchical orientation Top-down: “civilization” defined and illustrated
Inverted: “deviance” and marginality normalized
Characteristic setting The palace The enclave
Sustained by Patronage and formal institutions (e.g., music academies)
Everyday life and (when cultural production becomes a career) “critical mass”
How is this model complicated by the culture industries?
Fordist mass culture: commodification of popular culture creates a new set of norms and institutions at odds with high culture
Post-Fordist niche culture: commodification of marginality creates crisis of representation and authenticity
How does this model presume a historic city that might no longer exist?
“Court society” and high-cultural institutions are concentrated in the city
Face-to-face public space: subcultures are reproduced locally, not e.g. through the Internet
