Hepatitis B Vaccination Pres

8/6/2019 Hepatitis B Vaccination Pres

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Hepatitis B

Testing and vaccination


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Testing


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ACUTE INFECTION & RECOVERY


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CHRONIC INFECTION


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Hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)

A positive test result means that you havehepatitis B virus in your blood and can

pass the virus to others(infectious). You could be recently infected or you could

have chronic (lifelong) infection. A negative

test means that you do not have the virus inyour blood.


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Vaccination


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Vaccine

A vaccine is available to protect againsthepatitis B. The vaccine produces an

immune response within the body givingimmunity against the disease

Hepatitis B vaccine is inactivated, does notcontain live virus and cause the disease

The vaccine is usually very well tolerated andhas few side-effects


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Vaccine

The vaccine is given in three doses over asix-month period, although this schedulecan be flexible

The usual schedule for hepatitis B vaccineconsists of three doses, given at zero, one

and six months


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The vaccine

After one dose of vaccine, between 17-30% of infants will be fully protected fromhepatitis B

After two doses, this rises to 85-90%

More than 95% of infants will developimmunity after three doses of hepatitis B

vaccine However, a small percentage are not

protected after vaccination


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Vaccination strategies


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Hepatitis Bvaccination strategies

Most of the serious consequences of HBV infection(i.e. liver cancer and cirrhosis) happen in people whoare chronically infected and they are also the main

source of transmission of new infections.

The main aim of hepatitis B vaccination strategies is,therefore, to prevent chronic HBV infections.

Hepatitis B immunization strategies include:

prevention of perinatal HBV transmission

routine infant vaccination

vaccination of older age groups at high risk


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Mae Tao Clinic

Perinatal transmission prevention isalready happening

We hope this will expand to all infantssoon

Testing and vaccination of staff has

now started


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Mae Tao Clinic perinatalpolicy

All pregnant women visiting antenatalcare at Mae Tao clinic should be

offered screening for hepatitis B

All babies born to HBsAg positive

mothers should receive hepatitis Bvaccine


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First dose: Hep B vaccine given within 12hours of birth, to all babies of HBsAg positive

mothers. Second dose: Given at 1-2 months

Third dose: At 6 months (6-18 months) of age.

If a dose is missed it should be given as soonas possible. There is no need to start theschedule again.


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To be most effective in preventing perinatalHBV infections, the first dose of vaccinationshould be given as soon after birth as possible.

If the baby is delivered at Mae Tao Clinic thefirst vaccine should be given within 12 hours

For home deliveries where mothers are Hep Bpositive, babies should be brought immediatelyto Mae Tao Clinic for vaccination (RH-IPD: 24/7service)


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Even if vaccination is delayed, it will still havesome benefit and so should be given for up to

7 days after the birth.

Mothers who have delivered at Mae Sotgeneral Hospital or PoPhra Hospital areadvised to bring their babies to Mae Tao Clinicfor follow up


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To improve the follow up rate, all mothers needcounselling and information on the importance ofcompleting the vaccination course.

Healthcare workers giving immunisation shouldprovide advice to parents on the disease associatedwith hepatitis B (liver cancer and cirrhosis), thepurpose of vaccination, and other preventivemeasures to protect their families and childrenagainst the disease.


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Mae Tao clinic staff testing & vaccination

To protect the individual from anoccupational risk

To protect patients and fellow staff

Immunisation should never be regarded as a

substitute for good infection control practices, suchas hand washing and universal precautions toprevent transmission of blood-borne viruses.


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MTC will provide a confidential testing,advice and vaccination service for all staff.

All staff should be tested for HBsAg at thestart of their employment to find out whether

they are infectious to others.


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All staff (including students and trainees)whotest negative for HBsAg, and have direct

contact with sick patients, patients blood, orblood-stained body fluids or tissues, willrequire vaccination

This includes any staff who are handlingcontaminated instruments or clinical waste(e.g. sanitation team), and any laboratory staffwho handle patient samples


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Any staff who test positive should go forcounselling and make sure they are fullyinformed on the disease, the transmission routesand how to avoid passing the infection on toothers.

The counselling team will also give practical help

with planning how to protect the family, co-workers and patients of the affected staffmember, and will arrange for family follow up

Documents

Hepatitis B Vaccination Pres