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Help!!!Some Future Semantic Grid
Activities CrisisGrid and ServoGrid
PTLIU Laboratory for Community GridsGeoffrey Fox
Computer Science, Informatics, Physics
Indiana University, Bloomington IN 47404
http://grids.ucs.indiana.edu/ptliupages
OpenGIS Web Services• http://www.opengis.org• The Open GIS Consortium (OGC) is an international industry
consortium of over 240 companies, government agencies, and universities participating in a consensus process to develop/establish common interfaces that "geo-enable" the Web and mainstream IT.
• OGC has a vision of a world in which everyone benefits from geographic information and services made available across any network, application, or platform.
• OGC lead technical team in Bloomington Indiana• They have defined Web services to encapsulate usual
Geographic Information core services– Use workflow to compose different map (image) processing
functions and knowledge extraction modules
CrisisGrid• Coordination, organization, and management of data in an
emergency are not handled well in Central Indiana. Over the past two decades, governmental agencies in the Indianapolis have invested heavily in digital infrastructure and spatial data development.
• Despite this investment and the recognition of the power of GIS for planning, management, response, and information sharing, there remains a need for further coordination relating to information exchange across jurisdiction boundaries.
• Indianapolis is comprised of multiple jurisdictions, with 57 units that levy taxes and provide services to one or more geographic areas. Base maps commonly stop at jurisdiction lines.
• Source data, even of a similar theme, is collected for different purposes by different professional disciplines within different government entities, leading to a lack of semantic interoperability.
• Recent literature on digital government research priorities repeatedly cites access and meaningful integration of information from multiple sources/agencies as topics needing special focus.
• Distributed information, organizations, people (in control rooms, first responders) form dynamic virtual organization responding to emergencies
Geospatial Ontologies I• Describe information labeled by (x,y,z,t)• Geospatial Ontology, which captures facts about
geospatial features; • Process Ontology, which captures workflow and
process; • Event Ontology, which captures facts about crisis
events; and finally • Actor Ontology, which captures facts about
management and response actors (e.g., agents, personnel and equipment).
Geospatial Ontologies II• Topology: Objects are considered islands if they are
surrounded by water. • Mereology: Objects are considered watersheds if they have
river basins and hills as their parts. If an object does not have a river as its part, then it is not a watershed.
• Identity: This theory builds up on the Theory of Mereology. For example, if a bridge looses its side walls, it is still called a bridge.
• Categories: Defining categories of objects. e.g., roads, rivers, buildings, etc.
• Dependence: Whether the existence of an object depends on the existence of another object. For example, the existence of object .apartment. depends on the existence of object .building,. but not vice versa.
• Context: The statement .DC and New York are in close proximity. may have different truth-values depending on context. In the context of .hiking., this statement might be false, while it is true in the context of .travel by jet..
Workflow and Ontologies• OGC is an expert on Web Services
http://www.opengis.org/techno/discussions/03-025.pdf
• and have looked at UDDI and deemed unsuccessful as doesn’t represent enough to guide composition (not surprising)
• Do not use “Grid” (except as a mesh on a map)• Understand well ontologies but don’t know how to
merge with Web Services• Need to look at work in projects like MyGrid and
DiscoveryNet to get ontology-guided workflow
ServoGrid http://www.servogrid.org
• Solid Earth Research Virtual Observatory• The Earth Science community will be “deluged with
data” as in EarthScope project– Satellites– Instrument Plate boundary– Drill hole in San Andreas fault– Seismic sensors across the USA
• Two initial ontology projects– Describe software packages used in Earthquake prediction
to aid putting together workflow for linking programs together
– Work with OpenGIS compatible web services OWS (Geographical Information Systems) to describe NASA EOSDIS data to allow users to choose appropriate data