HEIDI - Eprintsmboj^pJa= bpmofq=mêçàÉÅí=kìãÄÉê=OQQTO= m^`= fkqbp=dãÄe= aóå~äáë= píêìÅíìê~ä=båÖáåÉÉêáåÖ=^KpK= = mìÄäáÅ=cáå~ä=oÉéçêí=çÑ=bpmfoq=em`k=mpq=

=

mboj^pJa=bpmofq=mêçàÉÅí=kìãÄÉê=OQQTO=

m^`=

fkqbp=dãÄe=

aóå~äáë=

píêìÅíìê~ä=båÖáåÉÉêáåÖ=^KpK=

=

mìÄäáÅ=cáå~ä=oÉéçêí=çÑ=bpmfoq=em`k=mpq=^Åíáîáíó=mboj^pJaI=m~ê~ääÉä=mboj^p=aÉéäçóãÉåíK==m^`Lmboj^pJaLcoQ=sÉêëáçå=N=

kK=hK=^ääëçééI=m~ìä=dçêÇçå=m~ê~ääÉä=^ééäáÅ~íáçåë=`ÉåíêÉ==OQ=j~ó=NVVV==

«=mboj^pJa=`çåëçêíáìãI=NVVV=

^Äëíê~Åí==

qÜáë=êÉéçêí=Ü~ë=íïç=ã~áå=~áãëW=

• íç=ÇÉãçåëíê~íÉ=íÜÉ=mboj^p=cb=ÅçÇÉ=êìååáåÖ=ÉÑÑÉÅíáîÉäó=çå=ëÜ~êÉÇ=ãÉãçêó=EpjmF=éä~íÑçêãë=ïáíÜ=íÉëí=Å~ëÉë=çÑ=êÉ~ä=ÅçåÅÉêå=íç=áåÇìëíêóX=

• íç=áÇÉåíáÑó=~=ãáÖê~íáçå=ëíê~íÉÖó=Ñçê=éçíÉåíá~ä=ìëÉêë=çÑ=é~ê~ääÉä=mboj^p=íç=Ñ~Åáäáí~íÉ=íÜÉáê=í~âÉJìéK=

tÉ=ïáää=ëÜçï=íÜ~í=pjbÛë=ïáää=ÄÉåÉÑáí=Ñêçã=ìëáåÖ=m~ê~ääÉä=mboj^p=çå=~=pÜ~êÉÇ=jÉãçêó=póëíÉãK= páÖåáÑáÅ~åíäó= áãéêçîÉÇ= éÉêÑçêã~åÅÉ= çå= ~= äçï= çê= ãÉÇáìã= Åçëí= Ü~êÇï~êÉ=éä~íÑçêã= ïáää= äÉ~Ç= íç= ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí= ÇÉëáÖå= ~åÇ= åìãÉêáÅ~ä= ëáãìä~íáçåë= ëíê~íÉÖáÉëK= qÜáë=ìäíáã~íÉäó=äÉ~Çë=íç=íÜÉ=ã~êâÉí=éêçÑáäÉ=çÑ=íÜÉ=Åçãé~åó=ÄÉáåÖ=ê~áëÉÇ=~ë=íÜÉó=ïáää=ÄÉ=ëÉÉå=~ë=çå=íÜÉ=äÉ~ÇáåÖ=ÉÇÖÉ=çÑ=íÉÅÜåçäçÖó=í~âÉJìéK=

=

=

póåçéëáë==qÜáë=êÉéçêí= áë=íÜÉ=Ñáå~ä=êÉéçêí=çÑ=íÜÉ=mboj^pJa=mêçàÉÅí=Ebpmofq=åç=OQQTOFK=qÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=áåîçäîÉë= íÜÉ= ÑçääçïáåÖ= é~êíåÉêëW= m^`= ErhFI= fkqbp= dãÄe= EdÉêã~åóFI= píêìÅíìê~ä=båÖáåÉÉêáåÖ=^KpK=Ekçêï~óF=~åÇ=aóå~äáë=Ecê~åÅÉFK=qÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=ï~ë=ÅçJçêÇáå~íÉÇ=Äó=m^Ì=~åÇ=ÑìêíÜÉê=áåÑçêã~íáçå=ã~ó=ÄÉ=çÄí~áåÉÇ=Ñêçã=

m~ìä=dçêÇçåI=qÉäW=HQQ=EMFNTMP=TSMUPQI=c~ñW=HQQ=EMFNTMP=TSMUPP=bJã~áä=íçW=éäÖ]é~ÅKëçíçåK~ÅKìâ==

båÇ= ìëÉêë= çÑ= íÜÉ= éêçàÉÅíI= píêìÅíìê~ä= båÖáåÉÉêáåÖ= ~åÇ= aóå~äáëI= ~êÉ= Ñ~ÅáåÖ= ~å= ÉîÉêJáåÅêÉ~ëáåÖ=ÖêçïíÜ=áå=íÜÉ=ëáòÉ=çÑ=íÜÉ=ÑáåáíÉ=ÉäÉãÉåí=ãçÇÉäë=íÜÉó=Ü~îÉ=íç=ìëÉK=qÜÉó=~êÉ=~äëç=ÄÉáåÖ=~ëâÉÇ=íç=éÉêÑçêã=ãçêÉ=~å~äóëÉë=áå=~=ëÜçêíÉê=íáãÉK=låÉ=ëçäìíáçå=áë=íÜÉ=éìêÅÜ~ëÉ=çÑ=~=ëÜ~êÉÇ=ãÉãçêó=ã~ÅÜáåÉ=EpjmFK=

qÜÉ=~ÇÇáíáçå=çÑ=íÜÉ=pjm=ã~ÅÜáåÉ=åçí=çåäó=ÑêÉÉë=ìé=ÇÉëâíçé=ã~ÅÜáåÉë=Ñçê=áåíÉê~ÅíáîÉ=ìëÉ=Äó= ÉåÖáåÉÉêë= Äìí= ~äëç= êÉÇìÅÉë= ~Çãáåáëíê~íáçå= çîÉêÜÉ~Çë= Äó= ÅÉåíê~äáëáåÖ= Ä~Åâ= ìé=éêçÅÉÇìêÉë=~åÇ=äáÅÉåëáåÖ=áëëìÉëK=_ÉáåÖ=~ÄäÉ=íç=êìå=ëáãìä~íáçåë=áå=Üçìêë=ê~íÜÉê=íÜ~å=Ç~óë=áåÅêÉ~ëÉë=íÜÉ=íê~åëé~êÉåÅó=çÑ=íÜÉ=ÇÉëáÖå=éêçÅÉëë=Äó=~ääçïáåÖ=ãçêÉ=ÅäáÉåí=áåíÉê~ÅíáîáíóK==

qÜáë= êÉéçêí= ÇÉí~áäë= Üçï= íÜÉ= Åçëíë= ~åÇ= ÄÉåÉÑáíë= çÑ= ìëáåÖ= íÜÉ= mboj^p= ÑáåáíÉ= ÉäÉãÉåí=ëçÑíï~êÉ=çå=~å=pjm=éä~íÑçêã=ïÉêÉ=~ëëÉëëÉÇI=~å~äóëÉÇ=~åÇ=ÇÉãçåëíê~íÉÇK=

éÉêã~ëÇ|Ñáå~äMPKÇçÅ= «=mboj^pJa=`çåëçêíáìãI=NVVV= =

mailto:[email protected]

bñÉÅìíáîÉ=pìãã~êó==

qÜÉ= ÄìëáåÉëë= çÄàÉÅíáîÉ= çÑ= íÜáë= éêçàÉÅí= ï~ë= íç= íê~åëÑÉê= ~= éêçîÉå= em`k= ~ééäáÅ~íáçå=íÉÅÜåçäçÖó= áåíç= ÉåÖáåÉÉêáåÖ= ÅçåëìäíáåÖ= ÄìëáåÉëëÉëI= íÜêçìÖÜ= ÇÉéäçóãÉåí= çå= äçïJÅçëí=éä~íÑçêãëK=qÜáë=éêçîáÇÉÇ=~=ãçÇÉä=Ñçê=çíÜÉê=Åçãé~åáÉë=íç=ÑçääçïK=

qç=ãÉÉí=íÜÉëÉ=çÄàÉÅíáîÉë=áí=ï~ë=åÉÅÉëë~êó=íç=~ÅÜáÉîÉ=íÜÉ=ÑçääçïáåÖ=íÉÅÜåáÅ~ä=ãáäÉëíçåÉëW=

• ëéÉÅáÑáÅ~íáçå=çÑ=ÄÉåÅÜã~êâ=Å~ëÉ=ëíìÇáÉë=Ñêçã=íÜÉ=íïç=ÉåÇJìëÉê=é~êíåÉêëX=

• ÇÉãçåëíê~íáçå=çÑ=éÉêÑçêã~åÅÉ=äÉîÉäë=åÉÉÇÉÇ=íç=êÉ~äáëÉ=ÄìëáåÉëë=ÄÉåÉÑáíëX=

• ~å~äóëáë=çÑ=ÅçëíJÄÉåÉÑáíë=~Åêçëë=íÜÉ=ê~åÖÉ=çÑ=êÉäÉî~åí=äçïJÅçëí=em`k=éä~íÑçêãëX=

• ÇáëëÉãáå~íáçå=Ä~ëÉÇ=çå=íÜÉëÉ=êÉëìäíë=~åÇ=äÉëëçåë=äÉ~êåÉÇI=íç=ÉåÅçìê~ÖÉ=êÉéäáÅ~íáçå=çÑ=em`k=íÉÅÜåçäçÖó=ÇÉéäçóãÉåí=Äó=çíÜÉê=ÅçåëìäíáåÖ=ÉåÇJìëÉêëK=

=

qÜÉ= ÇÉãçåëíê~íçêë= ~ÇÇêÉëëÉÇ= íóéáÅ~ä= ÉåÇJìëÉê= éêçÄäÉãë= Ñêçã= aóå~äáë= ~åÇ= píêìÅíìê~ä=båÖáåÉÉêáåÖ= ^p= EpbFK= = _çíÜ= Åçãé~åáÉë= ÅìêêÉåíäó= ìëÉ= emI= ab`= ~åÇ= pdf=ïçêâëí~íáçåëI=êìååáåÖ= éêçÄäÉãë= ëìÅÜ= ~ë= Çóå~ãáÅ= ãçÇ~ä= ~å~äóëáë= çÑ= ëÜáé= ëíêìÅíìêÉëI= ~åÇ= Å~ê=ÅçãéçåÉåíë= ~å~äóëáëK= = qÜÉëÉ= éêçÄäÉãë= éçëëÉëë= ìé= íç= OMMIMMM= ÇÉÖêÉÉë= çÑ= ÑêÉÉÇçã= ~åÇ=í~âÉ=NM=íç=OM=Üçìêë=íç=êìåK==qÜÉ=Öç~ä=çÑ=aóå~äáë=ï~ë=íç=~ëëÉëë=ÄçíÜ=ëÜ~êÉÇ=ãÉãçêó=~åÇ=ÅäìëíÉê=~ééêç~ÅÜÉë=ïáíÜ=~=îáÉï=íç=êÉÇìÅáåÖ=íÜÉ=êìåJíáãÉ=Ñçê=ëìÅÜ=éêçÄäÉãë=Äó=~=Ñ~Åíçê=çÑ=OJP=íÜêçìÖÜ=íÜÉ=ìëÉ=çÑ=äçïJÅçëí=em`k=ëóëíÉãëK=

avkîfp= áë= ÇçáåÖ= ÉåÖáåÉÉêáåÖ= ïçêâ= áå= ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí= áåÇìëíêá~ä= Äê~åÅÜÉëK= _ÉáåÖ= ~= ëìÄ=Åçåíê~ÅíáåÖ=é~êíóI=íÜÉ=êÉëéçåëÉ=íáãÉ=~åÇ=íÜÉ=êÉ~Åíáîáíó=ÇÉã~åÇÉÇ=Äó=ÅäáÉåíë=áë=îÉêó=ÜáÖÜK=sÉêó=çÑíÉåI=íÜÉ=áåáíá~ä=ÇÉëáÖå=~åÇ=ëÅ~äáåÖ=Ü~ë=íç=ÄÉ=áãéêçîÉÇ=~åÇ=çéíáãáëÉÇK=jçêÉçîÉêI=íÜÉ=ÜáÖÜÉê=~åÇ=ÜáÖÜÉê=~ÅÅìê~Åó=êÉèìáêÉÇ=éìëÜÉë=íç=éÉêÑçêã=ëÉåëáíáîáíáÉë=íç=íÜÉ=~å~äóëáë=áå=çêÇÉê=íç=í~âÉ=áåíç=~ÅÅçìåí=áãéÉêÑÉÅíáçåë=~åÇLçê=ìåÅÉêí~áåíáÉëK=

pçI= áå= íÜÉ= ëÜçêíÉëí= éçëëáÄäÉ= íáãÉI= ëÉîÉê~ä= ~å~äóëÉë= Ü~îÉ= íç= ÄÉ= éÉêÑçêãÉÇ= çå= ~= ÖÉåÉêáÅ=ãçÇÉäK=jçêÉçîÉêI=áå=íÜÉ=Å~ê=áåÇìëíêóI=ÑáåáíÉ=ÉäÉãÉåí=Å~äÅìä~íáçåë=~êÉ=ìëÉÇ=Ñçê=ëí~íáÅ=~åÇ=Çóå~ãáÅ=Å~äÅìä~íáçåë=~åÇ=Ñçê=Åê~ëÜ=~å~äóëáëK=qÜÉ=ãÉëÜ=ìëÉÇ=Ñçê=Åê~ëÜ=~å~äóëáë= EÉñéäáÅáí=ãÉíÜçÇF= áë= ÖÉåÉê~ääó= ÑáåÉê= íÜ~å= ãÉëÜÉë= ìëÉÇ= Ñçê= áãéäáÅáí= ãÉíÜçÇëK= `çåëáÇÉêáåÖ= íÜÉ=ãçÇÉäáë~íáçå= íáãÉI= ìëáåÖ= íÜÉ= ë~ãÉ=ãçÇÉä= Ñçê= áãéäáÅáí= ~åÇ= ÉñéäáÅáí= ãÉíÜçÇë= ïáää= ë~îÉ=ëáÖåáÑáÅ~åíäó=ã~åéçïÉêI=Äìí=áåÅêÉ~ëÉ=ÅçãéìíÉê=íáãÉK=

qÜÉ=ã~áå= ~ÅíáîáíáÉë= ~í= pb= ~êÉ= íÜÉ= ÇÉëáÖå= çê= îÉêáÑáÅ~íáçå= çÑ= çÑÑëÜçêÉ= ëíêìÅíìêÉë= ~åÇ= íÜÉ=ÇÉîÉäçéãÉåí= çÑ= éêçÅÉÇìêÉë= Ñçê= ã~êáåÉ= çéÉê~íáçåëK= få= íÜáë= ÅçåíÉñí= pb= ìëÉë= íÜÉ= ÑáåáíÉ=ÉäÉãÉåí=ãÉíÜçÇ=íç=Å~äÅìä~íÉ=íÜÉ=ÄÉÜ~îáçìê=çÑ=íÜÉ=ëíêìÅíìêÉë=ëìÄàÉÅíÉÇ=íç=ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí=äç~ÇëK=qÜÉ= êÉëìäíë= çÑ= íÜÉ= ÑáåáíÉ= ÉäÉãÉåí= ~å~äóëáë= ~êÉ= ìëÉÇ= ~ë= áåéìí= íç= áåJÜçìëÉ= ïêáííÉå= éçëíJéêçÅÉëëçêë=íç=ÅÜÉÅâ=áÑ=íÜÉ=ÇÉëáÖå=ÑìäÑáäë=íÜÉ=åÉÅÉëë~êó=êÉèìáêÉãÉåíë=EêìäÉëFK=

qÜÉ= ÇÉÑáåáíáçå= çÑ= íÜÉ= çêíÜçíêçéáÅ= ã~íÉêá~ä= éêçéÉêíáÉë= ~åÇ= íÜÉ= íê~åëÑÉê= çÑ= íÜÉ=ÜóÇêçÇóå~ãáÅ= äç~Çë= íç= íÜÉ= ÑáåáíÉ= ÉäÉãÉåí= ãçÇÉä= êÉèìáêÉë= ~= ä~êÖÉ= ÉÑÑçêí= áå= íÉêãë= çÑ=ã~åéçïÉê=íç=ÅêÉ~íÉ=~åÇ=íç=ÅÜÉÅâ=íÜÉ=ãçÇÉä=~åÇ=áë=éêçåÉ=íç=ÉêêçêK=qÜÉ=ÅçêêÉÅíáçå=çÑ=íÜÉ=êÉëìäíáåÖ= ëíêÉëëÉë= ~ÑíÉê= íÜÉ= ~å~äóëáë= áë= ~äëç= éêçåÉ= íç= ÉêêçêK= dÉåÉê~íáåÖ= íÜêÉÉ= ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí=ãçÇÉäë= EïáíÜ= ëçãÉ= íÜçìë~åÇ= ìåâåçïåë= áå= íÜÉ= çîÉêä~ééáåÖ= êÉÖáçåëF= áë= åçí= ÉëéÉÅá~ääó=ÉÑÑÉÅíáîÉK=

pb=ï~åíÉÇ=íç=áãéêçîÉ=íÜÉ=~å~äóëáë=éêçÅÉÇìêÉë=áå=ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí=ï~óë=W=


• ìëÉ=íÜÉ=êÉ~ä=éä~íÉ=íÜáÅâåÉëëI=êÉ~ä=ëíáÑÑÉåÉê=Åêçëë=ëÉÅíáçå=éêçéÉêíáÉë=~åÇ=êÉ~ä=ëíáÑÑÉåÉê=ëé~ÅáåÖI=åçí=çêíÜçíêçéáÅ=ã~íÉêá~ä=éêçéÉêíáÉëI=

• ã~âÉ=çåäó=çåÉ=ãçÇÉä=ÅçåëáëíáåÖ=çÑ=íÜÉ=ïÜçäÉ=ëÜáéI=

qÜÉ=åÉï=ëíê~íÉÖó= äÉÇ= íç= äÉëë=ÉÑÑçêí= áå= íÉêãë=çÑ=ã~åéçïÉê=~åÇ=ÑÉïÉê=Éêêçêë=Äìí= íç=îÉêó=ä~êÖÉ=ãçÇÉäëK=qÜáë=ï~ë=åçí=éçëëáÄäÉ=~í=íÜÉ=ëí~êí=çÑ=íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=ÄÉÅ~ìëÉ=çÑ=äáãáí~íáçåë=áå=íÜÉ=~î~áä~ÄäÉ=ÅçãéìíÉê=éçïÉê=çÑ=pbK=fí=ï~ë=ÉñéÉÅíÉÇ=íÜ~í=é~ê~ääÉä=ÅçãéìíáåÖ=ÅçìäÇ=ÇÉÑáåáíÉäó=ÅÜ~åÖÉ=íÜÉ=éáÅíìêÉ=~åÇ=Ü~îÉ=~=ÜáÖÜ=áãé~Åí=çå=íÜÉ=ÅçëíI=íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=íáãÉ=~åÇ=íÜÉ=êÉäá~Äáäáíó=çÑ=íÜÉ=êÉëìäíëK=

tÜÉå=~å=pjb=ÇÉÅáÇÉë=íç=ìéÖê~ÇÉ=íç=em`kI=íÜÉêÉ=~êÉ=íïç=~äíÉêå~íáîÉëI=å~ãÉäó=ëÜ~êÉÇ=ãÉãçêó=ëóëíÉã=çê=~=ÅäìëíÉê=EçÑ=äÉÖ~Åó=çê=äçï=Åçëí=ïçêâëí~íáçåFK=tÜáÅÜ=çéíáçå=áë=íÜÉ=ÄÉëí=Ñçê= ~= é~êíáÅìä~ê= Åçãé~åó= ÇÉéÉåÇë= çå= áíë= ÅçêÉ= ÄìëáåÉëë= ~åÇ= Ç~óJíçJÇ~ó= ãÉíÜçÇ= çÑ=çéÉê~íáçåK==^=Åçãé~åó=íÜ~í=êÉäáÉë=çå=Åçãéìí~íáçå~ä=êÉëçìêÅÉë=~ë=áíë=ÅçêÉ=ÄìëáåÉëëI=áKÉK=pb=çê=aóå~äáëI=ïáää=éêçÄ~Ääó=ÑáåÇ=íÜ~í=pjm=áë=íÜÉ=ÇÉëáêÉÇ=êçìíÉI=ïÜáäÉ=~=Åçãé~åó=íÜ~í=ìëÉë=Åçãéìí~íáçå= ~ë= ~= ëìééçêí= íççä= Ñçê= íÜÉ= ÇÉëáÖåÉêë=ïáää= ÑáåÇ= íÜ~í= íÜÉ= ÅäìëíÉê= ~ééêç~ÅÜ= áë=ãçêÉ=ÇÉëáê~ÄäÉK=

pÜ~êÉÇ=ãÉãçêó= ëóëíÉãë= ~êÉ=ãÉÇáìã= Åçëí= EOOMMM= íç= QRMMM=bìêçF=ïçêâëí~íáçåë= íÜ~í= ~êÉ=Å~é~ÄäÉ=çÑ=ÜáÖÜ=éÉêÑçêã~åÅÉ=Åçãéìí~íáçåK=fÑ=íÜÉ=~åëïÉê=íç=íÜÉ=ÑçääçïáåÖ=èìÉëíáçåW=“^êÉ=ãó=ÉåÖáåÉÉêë=ìëáåÖ=íÜÉáê=ïçêâëí~íáçåë=íç=Ñìää=Å~é~Åáíó=ïáíÜ=åç=`mr=ÅóÅäÉë=~î~áä~ÄäÉ=Ñçê=çíÜÉê=~ééäáÅ~íáçåë\Ò=áë=ÚvÉëÛ=íÜÉå=íÜÉ=ëìÖÖÉëíÉÇ=êçìíÉ=áë=íç=ãçîÉ=íç=~å=pjm=éä~íÑçêãK=

içï=Åçëí=ëóëíÉãë=EÉKÖK=fåíÉä=m`Ûë=çê=äÉÖ~Åó=ïçêâëí~íáçåëF=çéÉê~íáåÖ=áå=~=ÅäìëíÉê=Å~å=ÄÉ=~å=ÉÑÑÉÅíáîÉ=ï~ó=çÑ=áåÅêÉ~ëáåÖ=íÜÉ=Åçãéìí~íáçå~ä=êÉëçìêÅÉë=çÑ=íÜÉ=Åçãé~åó=Äó=ìëáåÖ=ëé~êÉ=`mr=ÅóÅäÉë=çå=áÇäÉ=ã~ÅÜáåÉëK=fÑ=íÜÉ=~åëïÉê=íç=íÜÉ=ÑçääçïáåÖ=èìÉëíáçåW=“^êÉ=ã~åó=çÑ=íÜÉ=ã~ÅÜáåÉë= áå=ãó=çêÖ~åáë~íáçå=åçí=ÄÉáåÖ=ìëÉÇ=~í= Ñìää= Å~é~Åáíó= EÉKÖK= Ñçê= êÉéçêí=ïêáíáåÖ=çê=çÑÑáÅÉ=íççäëF\Ò=áë=ÚvÉëÛ=íÜÉå=íÜÉ=ëìÖÖÉëíÉÇ=êçìíÉ=áë=íç=ãçîÉ=íç=~å=ÅäìëíÉê=ëçäìíáçåK=


`çåíÉåíë==

^Äëíê~Åí KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK á=

póåçéëáë KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK á=

bñÉÅìíáîÉ=pìãã~êó KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK áá=

N= fåíêçÇìÅíáçå KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK N=

O= ^ééêç~ÅÜ=í~âÉå KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK N=

OKN=========m~ê~ääÉäáëã=çÑ=mboj^p=çå=pjm=mä~íÑçêãKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK N=

OKO=========`çëí=ÄÉåÉÑáí=~å~äóëáë=çÑ=ãáÖê~íáçåKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK P=

P= oÉëìäíëI=^ÅÜáÉîÉãÉåíë=~åÇ=_ÉåÉÑáíë KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK Q=

PKN= qÉëí=Å~ëÉë=éêçîáÇÉÇKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK Q=3.1.1 Structural Engineering........................................................................................................... 5 3.1.2 Dynalis................................................................................................................................... 5

PKO= _ÉåÅÜã~êâ=êÉëìäíëKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK S=

PKP= `çëí=Ó=_ÉåÉÑáí=^å~äóëáëKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK U=

Q= aáëëÉãáå~íáçå KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NM=

QKN= mìÄäáÅ~íáçåëKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NM=4.1.1 PERMAS newsletter............................................................................................................ 10 4.1.2 SE company flyer ................................................................................................................ 10 4.1.3 HARVEST........................................................................................................................... 11 4.1.4 Other publications ............................................................................................................... 11

QKO= qqk=kÉíïçêâ=fåÇìëíêó=pÉÅíçê=dêçìéë KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NN=4.2.1 ISATA ’99........................................................................................................................... 12 4.2.2 EAEC................................................................................................................................... 12

QKP= `çåÑÉêÉåÅÉë=^ííÉåÇÉÇKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NO=4.3.1 German Finite Element Congress ........................................................................................ 12 4.3.2 MICAD................................................................................................................................ 12 4.3.3 NAFEMS workshop ............................................................................................................ 12

R= `çåÅäìëáçåKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NP=

S= `çåí~Åí=aÉí~áäëKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK NQ=

éÉêã~ëÇ|Ñáå~äMPKÇçÅ= «=mboj^pJa=`çåëçêíáìãI=NVVV= i of 1=

N= fåíêçÇìÅíáçå=qÜÉ=ã~áå=êÉëìäíë=çÑ=íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=~êÉ=íÜÉ=áÇÉåíáÑáÅ~íáçå=çÑ=~=îá~ÄäÉ=em`=ãáÖê~íáçå=ëíê~íÉÖó=Ñçê= ëã~ää= ìëÉêë= çÑ= íÜÉ= é~ê~ääÉä= mboj^p= ÅçÇÉI= ~= ëäáÖÜíäó= íìåÉÇ= é~ê~ääÉä= mboj^p= ÅçÇÉ=ëìáíÉÇ= íç= íÜáë= Ü~êÇï~êÉ= ãáÖê~íáçå= ëíê~íÉÖóI= éäìë= Å~ëÉ= ëíìÇó= ÉñéÉêáÉåÅÉë= ~åÇ=ÇáëëÉãáå~íáçå=ã~íÉêá~äK=

qÜÉ= ÅçÇÉ= çïåÉê= fkqbp= ~êÉ= éä~ååáåÖ= íç= Éñéäçáí= íÜÉ= ÉåÜ~åÅÉÇ= ëçÑíï~êÉ= ~åÇ= íÜÉ= çíÜÉê=éêçàÉÅí= êÉëìäíë= áå= íÜÉáê=ã~êâÉíáåÖ= çÑ= íÜÉ= é~ê~ääÉä= mboj^p=éêçÇìÅíI= ÉëéÉÅá~ääó= íç= ëã~ää=ÅìëíçãÉêë= ëáãáä~ê= íç=aóå~äáë= ~åÇ= pbK= = qÜÉ= ÉåÇJìëÉêë=ïáää= Éñéäçáí= íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí= êÉëìäíë= íç=ÉåÜ~åÅÉ= íÜÉáê= ÇÉëáÖå= Åçåëìäí~åÅó= ÄìëáåÉëëÉëI= ~åÇ= íç= ÖìáÇÉ= íÜÉáê= ÑìíìêÉ= ÅçãéìíáåÖ=Ü~êÇï~êÉ=éêçÅìêÉãÉåí=ëíê~íÉÖóK=

qÜáë= éêçàÉÅí=ïáää= éêçîáÇÉ= ~= î~äì~ÄäÉ=ãçÇÉä= Ñçê= íÜÉ= ~Ççéíáçå= ~åÇ=ã~áåíÉå~åÅÉ= çÑ=em`=íÉÅÜåçäçÖó=~åÇ=Éñéäçáí~íáçå=çÑ=áíë=Å~é~ÄáäáíáÉë=Äó=ëã~ää=Åçåëìäí~åÅó=ÄìëáåÉëëÉëI=~åÇ=çíÜÉê=ëã~ää=ã~åìÑ~ÅíìêÉêë=ëìÅÜ=~ë=ÅçãéçåÉåí=ëìééäáÉêëK= =qÜÉ=m^`=ïáää=Éñéäçáí= íÜáë= íç= í~êÖÉí=éêçãçíáçå= çÑ= em`k= íÉÅÜåçäçÖó= íê~åëÑÉê= çîÉê= íÜÉ= åÉñí= OJP= óÉ~êë= çå= íÜÉëÉ= Åçãé~åáÉëI=ãçëí=çÑ=ïÜçã=Ü~îÉ=óÉí=íç=Éñéäçáí=em`k=Å~é~ÄáäáíáÉëK=

O= ^ééêç~ÅÜ=í~âÉå= qÜÉ= íïç=ã~áå= ~êÉ~ë= ÅçîÉêÉÇ=ïáíÜáå= íÜáë= éêçàÉÅí=ïÉêÉ= íÜÉ= ÇÉîÉäçéãÉåí= çÑ= íÜÉ= é~ê~ääÉä=mboj^p= ÅçÇÉ= çåíç= ~= ëÜ~êÉÇ= ãÉãçêó= éä~íÑçêã= ~åÇ= íÜÉ= áÇÉåíáÑáÅ~íáçå= çÑ= ~= îá~ÄäÉ=ãáÖê~íáçå=ëíê~íÉÖó=Ñçê=íÜÉ=pjb=ÉåÇ=ìëÉêëK==

qÜÉëÉ=íïç=~êÉ~ë=~êÉ=ÇÉëÅêáÄÉÇ=áå=íÜÉ=ÑçääçïáåÖ=ëÉÅíáçåëK=

OKN=========m~ê~ääÉäáëã=çÑ=mboj^p=çå=pjm=mä~íÑçêã=

qÜÉ=ã~áå=~êÉ~ë=Ñçê=ëçÑíï~êÉ=ÉåÜ~åÅÉãÉåí=ïÉêÉ=íç=ÄÉW=

• ëÉäÉÅíáçå=çÑ=äç~Ç=ÇáëíêáÄìíáçå=~äÖçêáíÜãë=íç=ëìáí=íÜÉ=äçïJÅçëíI=ëÜ~êÉÇ=ãÉãçêó=ëóëíÉã=~êÅÜáíÉÅíìêÉëX=~åÇ=

• áåÅçêéçê~íáçå=çÑ=áãéêçîÉÇI=é~êíá~ääó=~ëóåÅÜêçåçìë=fLl=Ñêçã=íÜÉ=ëÉèìÉåíá~ä=ÅçÇÉ=áåíç=íÜÉ=é~ê~ääÉä=ÅçÇÉK=

qÜÉ=ÄÉëí=äç~Ç=ÇáëíêáÄìíáçå=ãÉíÜçÇë=Ñçê=ëÜ~êÉÇJãÉãçêó=ëóëíÉãë=~êÉ=äáâÉäó=íç=ÄÉ=ëáãáä~ê=íç=íÜçëÉ=ìëÉÇ=çå=ëÅ~äÉ~ÄäÉ=é~ê~ääÉä=ëóëíÉãëI=ëìÄàÉÅí=íç=íÜÉ=Åçåëíê~áåí=íÜ~í=íÜÉ=~äÖçêáíÜãë=Å~å=ÄÉ=ëéÉÅá~äáëÉÇ=íç=ëã~ää=åìãÄÉêë=çÑ=éêçÅÉëëçêëK

=

éÉêã~ëÇ|Ñáå~äMPKÇçÅ= «=mboj^pJa=`çåëçêíáìãI=NVVV= 1 of 14=

=

m~ê~ääÉäáë~íáçå=píê~íÉÖó= qïç=äç~Ç=ÇáëíêáÄìíáçå=~äÖçêáíÜãë=ïÉêÉ=áãéäÉãÉåíÉÇ=áå=íÜÉ=pjm=mboj^p=ÅçÇÉI=~åÇ=íÜÉ=ìëÉê=Å~å=ëÉäÉÅí=ÄÉíïÉÉå=íÜÉãW=

• afob`qI=íÜáë=íêáÉë=íç=ãáåáãáëÉ=ÅçããìåáÅ~íáçåK=

• _î^k`baI=ïÜáÅÜ=~ééêç~ÅÜÉë=äç~Ç=Ä~ä~åÅáåÖ=~ë=íÜÉ=ã~áå=~áãK= ^=ÑìêíÜÉê=é~ê~ãÉíÉê= íÜ~í= Å~å=ÄÉ=ìëÉÇ= íç=Åçåíêçä= íÜÉ= äç~Ç=ÇáëíêáÄìíáçå= áë= íÜÉ= êÉçêÇÉêáåÖ=~äÖçêáíÜãK==

aóå~ãáÅ=q~ëâ=dê~éÜ=


qÜÉ= í~ëâ= Öê~éÜ= ãçÇÉä= EqdjF= ÉñÉÅìíáçå= ãçÇÉä= áë= ~ééäáÅ~ÄäÉ= Ñçê= ëÜ~êÉÇ= ãÉãçêó= ~åÇ=ÇáëíêáÄìíÉÇ= ãÉãçêó= ~êÅÜáíÉÅíìêÉëK= qÜÉ= mboj^pJa= éêçàÉÅí= ìíáäáëÉÇ= ~= ãìäáíJíÜêÉ~ÇÉÇ=ÇÉëáÖåK=qÜÉ=çîÉê~ää=~áã=ï~ë=íç=áåÅêÉ~ëÉ=~ëóåÅÜêçåáíó=Äó=~=éêçÅÉëë=Ñçê=Çáëâ=fLl=ÉëéÉÅá~ääó=Ñçê=~=ëáåÖäÉ=éêçÅÉëëçêK=qÜÉ=Öê~éÜ=ÄÉäçï=ëÜçïë=íÜÉ= Ñìää=ãìäíáJíÜêÉ~ÇÉÇ=îÉêëáçå=ïáíÜçìí=ãÉëë~ÖÉ=é~ëëáåÖ=íÜ~í=ï~ë=áãéäÉãÉåíÉÇ=ïáíÜáå=íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅíK=

=

=

q~ëâ=Öê~éÜ=ã~å~ÖÉê=ÉñÉÅìíáçå=ãçÇÉä=

=

qÜÉ=ÇáÑÑÉêÉåÅÉ=ÄÉíïÉÉå=~=ëÉèìÉåíá~ä=~åÇ=íÜáë=ãìäíáJíÜêÉ~ÇÉÇ=ÉñÉÅìíáçå=áë=íÜÉ=áãéêçîÉÇ=fLl= Ü~åÇäáåÖK= qÜÉ= ë~ãÉ= fLl= ëíê~íÉÖó= áë= ÉãéäçóÉÇ= Ñçê= íÜÉ= ëÉèìÉåíá~ä= ~åÇ= é~ê~ääÉä=îÉêëáçåë=ïáíÜáå=íÜÉ=qdjI=ïÜÉêÉ=Ç~í~=äçÅ~äáíó=áë=íÜÉ=ã~àçê=áëëìÉK==

=

=

OKO=========`çëí=ÄÉåÉÑáí=~å~äóëáë=çÑ=ãáÖê~íáçå=

=

qÜÉ=Ü~êÇï~êÉ=ÅçåÑáÖìê~íáçå=~í=pb=Ñçê=ëçäîáåÖ=ÉåÖáåÉÉêáåÖ=éêçÄäÉãë=ÅçåëáëíÉÇ=çÑ=íïç=em=VMMMLTPR=ïçêâëí~íáçåëI=çåÉ=em=VMMLTOM=ïçêâëí~íáçåë=~åÇ=uJíÉêãáå~äë=Eãçëíäó=m`Dë=ïáíÜ=~ÇÉèì~íÉ=ëçÑíï~êÉF=áå=~=ëïáíÅÜÉÇ=NMMJjÄáíJi^kK=

qÜÉêÉ=~êÉ=ÑáîÉ=ÉåÖáåÉÉêë=ãçêÉ=çê=äÉëë=Åçåëí~åíäó=EíÉãéçê~êáäó=ëçãÉíáãÉë=ãçêÉF=ïçêâáåÖ=ïáíÜ=~å~äóëÉëK=pb=ìëÉë=cbjdbk=~ë=~=éêÉJéêçÅÉëëçê=íç=ÖÉåÉê~íÉ=íÜÉ=ÑáåáíÉ=ÉäÉãÉåí=ãçÇÉäI=~åÇ=áåJÜçìëÉ=ïêáííÉå=éçëíJéêçÅÉëëçêë=íç=Å~äÅìä~íÉ=ÄÉ~ãJI=éä~íÉJ=~åÇ=é~åÉäJÄìÅâäáåÖ=~åÇ=Ñ~íáÖìÉ=äáÑÉ=ÑçääçïáåÖ=íÜÉ=î~äáÇ=êìäÉëK=

qÜÉ= ÇÉÑáåáíáçå= çÑ= íÜÉ= çêíÜçíêçéáÅ= ã~íÉêá~ä= éêçéÉêíáÉë= ~åÇ= íÜÉ= íê~åëÑÉê= çÑ= íÜÉ=ÜóÇêçÇóå~ãáÅë= äç~Çë= íç= íÜÉ= ÑáåáíÉ= ÉäÉãÉåí= ãçÇÉä= êÉèìáêÉë= ~= ä~êÖÉ= ÉÑÑçêí= áå= íÉêãë= çÑ=ã~åéçïÉê=íç=ÅêÉ~íÉ=~åÇ=íç=ÅÜÉÅâ=íÜÉ=ãçÇÉä=~åÇ=áë=éêçåÉ=íç=ÉêêçêK=qÜÉ=ÅçêêÉÅíáçå=çÑ=íÜÉ=êÉëìäíáåÖ= ëíêÉëëÉë= ~ÑíÉê= íÜÉ= ~å~äóëáë= áë= ~äëç= éêçåÉ= íç= ÉêêçêK= dÉåÉê~íáåÖ= íÜêÉÉ= ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí=ãçÇÉäë= EïáíÜ= ëçãÉ= íÜçìë~åÇ= ìåâåçïåë= áå= íÜÉ= çîÉêä~ééáåÖ= êÉÖáçåëF= áë= åçí= ÉëéÉÅá~ääó=ÉÑÑÉÅíáîÉK=

pb=ï~åíÉÇ=íç=áãéêçîÉ=íÜÉ=~å~äóëáë=éêçÅÉÇìêÉë=áå=ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí=ï~óë=W=

• ìëÉ= íÜÉ= êÉ~ä=éä~íÉ= íÜáÅâåÉëëI= êÉ~ä= ëíáÑÑÉåÉê= Åêçëë= ëÉÅíáçå=éêçéÉêíáÉë=~åÇ= êÉ~ä= ëíáÑÑÉåÉê=ëé~ÅáåÖI=åçí=çêíÜçíêçéáÅ=ã~íÉêá~ä=éêçéÉêíáÉëI=


• ã~âÉ=çåäó=çåÉ=ãçÇÉä=ÅçåëáëíáåÖ=çÑ=íÜÉ=ïÜçäÉ=ëÜáéI=

• ÉîÉåíì~ääó=êìå=íÜÉ=ï~îÉ=êÉëéçåëÉ=~å~äóëáë=çå=íÜÉ=ë~ãÉ=ãçÇÉä=EáÑ=íÜ~í=áë=éçëëáÄäÉFK=

qÜÉáê=áåíÉåíáçå=ï~ë=íÜ~í=íÜÉ=åÉï=ëíê~íÉÖó=ïçìäÇ=äÉ~Ç=íç=äÉëë=ÉÑÑçêí=áå=íÉêãë=çÑ=ã~åéçïÉê=~åÇ= ÑÉïÉê= Éêêçêë= Äìí= íç= îÉêó= ä~êÖÉ= ãçÇÉäëK= qÜáë= ï~ë= åçí= éçëëáÄäÉ= ÄÉÑçêÉ= mboj^pJa=ÄÉÅ~ìëÉ=çÑ= äáãáí~íáçåë= áå= íÜÉ= ~î~áä~ÄäÉ= ÅçãéìíÉê=éçïÉê=çÑ=pbK= pb= íÜçìÖÜí= íÜ~í=é~ê~ääÉä=ÅçãéìíáåÖ=ÅçìäÇ=ÇÉÑáåáíÉäó=ÅÜ~åÖÉ=íÜÉ=éáÅíìêÉ=~åÇ=Ü~îÉ=~=ÜáÖÜ=áãé~Åí=çå=íÜÉ=ÅçëíI= íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=íáãÉ=~åÇ=íÜÉ=êÉäá~Äáäáíó=çÑ=íÜÉ=êÉëìäíëK=

=

avkîfp= áë= ÇçáåÖ= ÉåÖáåÉÉêáåÖ= ïçêâ= áå= ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí= áåÇìëíêá~ä= Äê~åÅÜÉëK= _ÉáåÖ= ~= ëìÄ=Åçåíê~ÅíáåÖ=é~êíóI=íÜÉ=êÉëéçåëÉ=íáãÉ=~åÇ=íÜÉ=êÉ~Åíáîáíó=ÇÉã~åÇÉÇ=Äó=ÅäáÉåíë=áë=îÉêó=ÜáÖÜK=sÉêó=çÑíÉåI=íÜÉ=áåáíá~ä=ÇÉëáÖå=~åÇ=ëÅ~äáåÖ=Ü~ë=íç=ÄÉ=áãéêçîÉÇ=~åÇ=çéíáãáëÉÇK==

pçI= áå= íÜÉ= ëÜçêíÉëí= éçëëáÄäÉ= íáãÉI= ëÉîÉê~ä= ~å~äóëÉë= Ü~îÉ= íç= ÄÉ= éÉêÑçêãÉÇ= çå= ~= ÖÉåÉêáÅ=ãçÇÉäK=jçêÉçîÉêI=áå=íÜÉ=Å~ê=áåÇìëíêóI=ÑáåáíÉ=ÉäÉãÉåí=Å~äÅìä~íáçåë=~êÉ=ìëÉÇ=Ñçê=ëí~íáÅ=~åÇ=Çóå~ãáÅ=Å~äÅìä~íáçåë=~åÇ=Ñçê=Åê~ëÜ=~å~äóëáëK=qÜÉ=ãÉëÜ=ìëÉÇ=Ñçê=Åê~ëÜ=~å~äóëáë= EÉñéäáÅáí=ãÉíÜçÇF= áë= ÖÉåÉê~ääó= ÑáåÉê= íÜ~å= ãÉëÜÉë= ìëÉÇ= Ñçê= áãéäáÅáí= ãÉíÜçÇëK= `çåëáÇÉêáåÖ= íÜÉ=ãçÇÉäáë~íáçå= íáãÉI= ìëáåÖ= íÜÉ= ë~ãÉ=ãçÇÉä= Ñçê= áãéäáÅáí= ~åÇ= ÉñéäáÅáí= ãÉíÜçÇë= ïáää= ë~îÉ=ëáÖåáÑáÅ~åíäó=ã~åéçïÉêI=Äìí=áåÅêÉ~ëÉ=ÅçãéìíÉê=íáãÉK=

lå=~=ëáåÖäÉ=éêçÅÉëëçê=ïçêâëí~íáçå= EäáâÉ=~å=pdf=oQQMMFI=çåäó=N=Çóå~ãáÅ=ãçÇ~ä=~å~äóëáë=ã~ó= ÄÉ= éÉêÑçêãÉÇ= É~ÅÜ= Ç~ó= EÉä~éëÉÇ= íáãÉ= [= NO= ÜçìêëFK= qÜÉ= ÉñéÉÅí~íáçå= çÑ= avkîfp=ìëÉêë=ï~ë=íç=éÉêÑçêã=O=çê=P=~å~äóëÉë=É~ÅÜ=Ç~óK=

=

P= oÉëìäíëI=^ÅÜáÉîÉãÉåíë=~åÇ=_ÉåÉÑáíë=qÜÉ=íïç=ã~áå=êÉëìäíë=çÑ=íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=ïÉêÉW=

� ÇÉãçåëíê~íáçå=íÜ~í=pjm=mboj^p=Ö~îÉ=áãéêçîÉÇ=éÉêÑçêã~åÅÉX=~åÇ=

� ÇÉãçåëíê~íáçå=íÜ~í=íÜáë=éÉêÑçêã~åÅÉ=ï~ë=ÅçëíJÉÑÑÉÅíáîÉ=íç=ÇÉäáîÉê=~åÇ=Ö~îÉ=êÉ~ä=ÄìëáåÉëë=ÄÉåÉÑáíK=

qÜÉ=ÑçääçïáåÖ=ëÜçï=~=íóéáÅ~ä=ÄÉåÅÜã~êâ=êÉëìäí=çÄí~áåÉÇ=Ñêçã=íÉëí=Å~ëÉë=éêçîáÇÉÇ=Äó=íÜÉ=ÉåÇJìëÉêëK= qÜÉ= Åçëí= ÄÉåÉÑáí= ~å~äóëáë= ~åÇ= íÜÉ=ãáÖê~íáçå= ëíê~íÉÖó= Ñçê= íÜÉ=éìêÅÜ~ëÉ= çÑ= ~å=pjm=ã~ÅÜáåÉ=áë=~äëç=ÇáëÅìëëÉÇK=

PKN= qÉëí=Å~ëÉë=éêçîáÇÉÇ=

pb=~åÇ=aóå~äáë= ëìééäáÉÇ= íÜÉ= ÑçääçïáåÖ= íÉëí= Å~ëÉë= Ñçê= íÜÉ=éìêéçëÉë=çÑ= íÜáë=éêçàÉÅíK=b~ÅÜ=é~êíåÉê= Ü~ë= ëìééäáÉÇ= íïç= íÉëí= Å~ëÉë= ïÜáÅÜ= ~êÉ= êÉéêÉëÉåí~íáîÉ= çÑ= íÜÉ= íóéÉë= çÑ= ãçÇÉäë=ïÜáÅÜ=~êÉ=ÑêÉèìÉåíäó=~å~äóëÉÇ=Äó=É~ÅÜ=Åçãé~åóK=

qÜÉ=íÉëí=Å~ëÉë=ïÉêÉ=ëéÉÅáÑáÉÇ=Äó=íÜÉ=mboj^pJa=ÉåÇJìëÉêë=~ë=ÄÉáåÖ=êÉéêÉëÉåí~íáîÉ=çÑ=íÜÉ=íóéÉë= çÑ= éêçÄäÉãë= íÜÉó= ëçäîÉ= êÉÖìä~êäóK= = b~ÅÜ= íÉëí= Å~ëÉ= íÉëíë= íÜÉ= äáãáíë= çÑ= ÅìêêÉåí=ëÉèìÉåíá~ä= mboj^p= áåëí~ää~íáçåëI= Äìí=ïáíÜ= íÜÉ= ~ÇÇáíáçå= çÑ= íÜÉ=ãçêÉ= ÅçãéäÉñ= ~å~äóëÉë=êÉèìáêÉÇ= Äó= íÜÉ= ìëÉêëI= íÜÉëÉ= íÉëí= Å~ëÉë= ïáää= êÉèìáêÉÇ= ÜáÖÜJéÉêÑçêã~åÅÉ= ÅçãéìíáåÖ= íç=ëçäîÉ=áå=~=îá~ÄäÉ=íáãÉ=éÉêáçÇK=

=


PKNKN= píêìÅíìê~ä=båÖáåÉÉêáåÖ=

qÜÉ=ëìÅíáçå=~åÅÜçê= áë=~= êÉä~íáîÉäó=åÉï= íÉÅÜåáèìÉ= Ñçê= íÜÉ=ãççêáåÖ= ëóëíÉãë=çÑ=ÇêáääáåÖ=êáÖëI= ëÉãáJëìÄãÉêëáÄäÉ=éêçÇìÅíáçå=éä~íÑçêãëI= Ñäç~íáåÖ= ëíçê~ÖÉ= ~åÇ=çÑÑäç~ÇáåÖ=îÉëëÉäë= áë=íÜÉ= ìëÉ= çÑ= ëìÅíáçå= ~åÅÜçêëK= qÜÉëÉ= ~êÉ= ä~êÖÉ= ÅóäáåÇÉêë= Eáå= íÜáë= Å~ëÉ= NO=ã= ÜáÖÜ= ~åÇ= Rã=Çá~ãÉíÉêFI=ïÜáÅÜ=~êÉ=ÅäçëÉÇ=~í=íÜÉ=íçé=~åÇ=ìëì~ääó=ëíáÑÑÉåÉÇ=ïáíÜ=ïÉÄë=áåëáÇÉ=Eåçí=áå=íÜáë=Å~ëÉFK=qÜÉó=~êÉ=áåëí~ääÉÇ=~í=íÜÉ=ëÉ~=Äçííçã=Äó=éìãéáåÖ=çìí=íÜÉ=ï~íÉê=áåëáÇÉ=íÜÉ=ÅóäáåÇÉêë=~åÇ=ëç=ëìÅâáåÖ=íÜÉã=áåíç=íÜÉ=ëÉ~=ÄçííçãK=qÜÉ=~åÅÜçê=ÅÜ~áåë=~êÉ=ÅçååÉÅíÉÇ=íç=íÜÉ=~åÅÜçê=Äó=íÜÉ=é~Ç=ÉóÉëK=

pb=éêçîáÇÉÇ=~å=ÉñáëíáåÖ=ãçÇÉä=çÑ=~=é~Ç=ÉóÉ=EÅç~êëÉI=ìåáÑçêã=ãÉëÜI=åç=ëÜ~ÅâäÉF=~åÇ=íÜÉáê=áÇÉ~ä=ãçÇÉä=EÑáåÉI=çéíáãáëÉÇ=ãÉëÜI=ëÜ~ÅâäÉ=ïáíÜ=Åçåí~ÅíFK=

=

=

=

=

^å= ~Çî~åÅÉÇ= ãçÇÉä= çÑ= ~=é~Ç= ÉóÉI= Éñé~åÇÉÇ= ïáíÜ=ëÜ~ÅâäÉ= íç= ~ääçï= ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí=Åç~êëÉåÉëë= çÑ= ãÉëÜI= Ñçê=Åçåí~Åí= ~åÇ= ÉîÉåíì~ääó=ëÜ~éÉ=çéíáãáë~íáçåK=

PKNKO= aóå~äáë=

aóå~äáë= éêçîáÇÉÇ= íïç= ãçÇÉäë= J= ~= ëÜÉää= ãçÇÉä= çÑ= ~= Å~ê= ÄçÇó= Eçå= ïÜáÅÜ= íÜÉó= ïçìäÇ=åçêã~ääó= éÉêÑçêã= ~= ãçÇÉä= ~å~äóëáë= íç= áÇÉåíáÑó= îáÄê~íáçå= éêçÄäÉãëF= ~åÇ= ~= ëâá= äáÑí=ÅçãéçåÉåíK=

cçê=ÅçåÑáÇÉåíá~äáíó=êÉ~ëçåëI=íÜÉ=Å~ê=ãçÇÉä=ÄÉäçï=áë=åçí=~å=ÉñáëíáåÖ=Å~ê=Äìí=~å=çäÇ=ãçÇÉä=ãçÇáÑáÉÇ=EêÉÑáåÉÇ=ãÉëÜ=~åÇ=ëçãÉ=ãçÇáÑáÅ~íáçå=çÑ=íÜÉ=ÇÉëáÖåF=íç=çÄí~áå=~=ëáòÉ=çÑ=ãçÇÉä=ëáãáä~ê=íç=íÜÉ=ëáòÉ=çÑ=ãçÇÉäë=ìëÉÇ=íçÇ~ó=áå=íÜÉ=Å~ê=áåÇìëíêóK=

=

=

jÉëÜ=çÑ=~=`~êK=Nodes : 125752 Unknowns : 754278 Elements : 134200 Elements used: 680 BECOS 8536 TRIA3 124984 QUAD4 Analysis : 20 eigenmodes

=


qÜÉ= ÑçääçïáåÖ= Pa= ãçÇÉä= áë= é~êí= çÑ= íÜÉ= ÉèìáéãÉåí= Ñçê= ~= ëâá= äáÑíK= = cçê= íÜáë= ãçÇÉäI= íÜÉ=ÉñéÉÅí~íáçå=áë=~=êÉÇìÅíáçå=çÑ=íÜÉ=Éä~éëÉÇ=íáãÉ=Ñçê=~=êÉÑáåÉÇ=ãÉëÜ=~åÇLçê=Ñçê=~å=~å~äóëáë=ïáíÜ=ã~åó=äç~ÇáåÖ=Å~ëÉë=EÑçê=Ñ~íáÖìÉFK=

=

qÜÉ= Pa=ãçÇÉä= áë= ~= é~êí= çÑ= íÜÉ= ÉèìáéãÉåí=Ñçê=~=ëâá=äáÑíK=Nodes : 31666 Unknowns : 94710 Local guiding freedoms: 24 Suppressed freedoms: 24 Dependent freedoms: 576 Elements : 24910 Elements used: 2634 PENTA6 22272 HEXE8 4 BECOS 1062 Relative Contact DOFs with 354 Normal CA-DOFs 708 Frictional CA-DOFs Analysis: Static with contact.

=

PKO=======_ÉåÅÜã~êâ=êÉëìäíë=

qç= éêçîÉ= íÜ~í= íÜÉ= åÉï= îÉêëáçå= çÑ= íÜÉ= mboj^p= ÅçÇÉ= ÅçìäÇ= ÇÉäáîÉê= íÜÉ= êÉèìáêÉÇ=éÉêÑçêã~åÅÉI= íÜÉ= ÅçÇÉ= ï~ë= ÄÉåÅÜã~êâÉÇ= çå= ~= åìãÄÉê= çÑ= ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí= ã~ÅÜáåÉë= ìåÇÉê=ÇáÑÑÉêÉåí=ÅçåÇáíáçåëW=

• pbW=emVMMMLTPR=N=VVjeò=m^Jofp`=TNMM=éêçÅÉëëçêI=ã~áå=ãÉãçêó=NTS=j_=

• pbW=pdf=lêáÖáå=OMMI=O=NUM=jeò=oNMMMM=éêçÅÉëëçêëI=ã~áå=ãÉãçêó=RNO=j_=

• m^`W=pdf=mçïÉê=ÅÜ~ääÉåÖÉI=U=TRjeò=oUMMM=éêçÅÉëëçêëI=ã~áå=ãÉãçêó=NMOQ=j_K=

• fkqbpW=em=VMMMLUMMIQ=éêçÅÉëëçêëI=ã~áå=ãÉãçêó=O=d_=

• fkqbpW=ab`J^äéÜ~=QNMMI=Q=éêçÅÉëëçêëI=ã~áå=ãÉãçêó=N=d_=

=

qç=ÖáîÉ=~= Ñä~îçìê=çÑ= íÜÉ= êÉëìäíë=çÄí~áåÉÇ= íÜÉ= ÑçääçïáåÖ=ÄÉåÅÜã~êâë=~êÉ= í~Äìä~íÉÇ= Ñêçã=íÜÉ=íÉëí=Å~ëÉë=êìå=~í=fkqbp=

=

=

=

=

=


0

5 0 0

1 0 0 0

1 5 0 0

2 0 0 0

2 5 0 0

3 0 0 0

1 2 4

E la p s e d t im e (s e c )

=

mâ=bóÉK=

=

02 0 0 04 0 0 06 0 0 08 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 01 2 0 0 01 4 0 0 01 6 0 0 01 8 0 0 0

1 2 4

E la p s e d t im e (s e c )

=

`~ê=_çÇó=

=

050

100150200250300350400

1 2 4

E lapsed t im e (s ec )

=

pâó=iáÑí=ÅçãéçåÉåí=

=


qÜÉ=ÄÉåÅÜã~êâ=ëìáíÉ=çå=fkqbp=ã~ÅÜáåÉë=ï~ë=êìå=çå=~=äç~ÇÉÇ=ã~ÅÜáåÉK=qÜ~í=ãÉ~åë=íÜ~í=áå=íÜÉ=ëÉèìÉåíá~ä=Å~ëÉ=É~ÅÜ=ÄÉåÅÜã~êâ=ï~ë=êìå=~ë=Ñçìê=àçÄë=ëáãìäí~åÉçìëäóI=Ñçê=íÜÉ=íïç=`mr=Å~ëÉ=É~ÅÜ=ÄÉåÅÜã~êâ=ï~ë=êìå=~ë=íïç=àçÄë=ëáãìäí~åÉçìëäó=~åÇ=Ñçê=íÜÉ=Ñçìê=`mr=Å~ëÉ=É~ÅÜ=ÄÉåÅÜã~êâ=ï~ë=êìå=~ë=~=ëáåÖäÉ=àçÄK=låäó=Äó=ÇçáåÖ=ëç=áí=ÅçìäÇ=ÄÉ=Öì~ê~åíÉÉÇ=íÜ~í=~ää=`mrë=ïÉêÉ=ëáãáä~êäó=çÅÅìéáÉÇK=qç=ÉåëìêÉ=íÜ~í=íÜÉ=ãÉãçêó=ìë~ÖÉ=~äëç=ï~ë=íÜÉ=ë~ãÉ=áå=~ää=íÜêÉÉ=Å~ëÉëI= íÜÉ=ãÉãçêó= Ñçê= íÜÉ= íïç=`mr= àçÄë=ï~ë=ÇçìÄäÉÇ=~åÇ=Ñçê= íÜÉ= Ñçìê=`mr= àçÄë=ï~ë=èì~ÇêìéäÉÇ= Åçãé~êÉÇ= íç= íÜÉ= ëÉèìÉåíá~ä= àçÄëK= fí= Ü~ë= íç=ÄÉ= ë~áÇ= íÜ~í= íÜÉ=Çáëâ= ëé~ÅÉ=åÉÉÇÉÇ=~åÇ=ëç=íÜÉ=åÉÅÉëë~êó=fl=ÇáÑÑÉêë=ÄÉíïÉÉå=íÜÉ=íÜêÉÉ=Å~ëÉëW=íÜÉ=ëÉèìÉåíá~ä=àçÄë=åÉÉÇ=Ñçìê=íáãÉë=ãçêÉ=Çáëâ=ëé~ÅÉ=~åÇ=íÜÉ=íïç=`mr=àçÄ=íïç=íáãÉë=ãçêÉ=Çáëâ=ëé~ÅÉ=íÜ~å=íÜÉ=Ñçìê=`mr=àçÄëK=qÜáë=Ü~ë=ëíêçåÖ=ÉÑÑÉÅíë=Ñçê=íÜÉ=flK==

pìééçëÉ= íÜ~í=óçì=~êÉ=ïçêâáåÖ=çå=~= äççëÉäó=ÅçìéäÉÇ=éêçÄäÉãK=páåÅÉ= Ñçê= íáÖÜíäó=ÅçìéäÉÇ=éêçÄäÉãë=íÜÉ=ENMMjÄáí=Ñ~ëí=bíÜÉêåÉíF=åÉíïçêâ=éçïÉê=áë=åçí=ëìÑÑáÅáÉåí=íç=êÉ~ÅÜ=ë~íáëÑóáåÖ=ëéÉÉÇìéëK= =qÜÉ= äáãáí=çÑ= íÜÉ=pjm=ëçäìíáçå= áë= íÜÉ= fl=ÄçííäÉåÉÅâI=ïÜÉêÉ~ë= íÜÉ= äáãáí=çÑ= íÜÉ=ÅäìëíÉê= ëçäìíáçå= áë= åÉíïçêâ= éçïÉêK= qÜÉ= ÅäìëíÉê= ëçäìíáçå= Ü~ë= ~= äáãáíÉÇ= ?Ä~åÇïáÇíÜ?= çÑ=éçëëáÄäÉ=~ééäáÅ~íáçåë=íÜ~í=Ü~îÉ=íç=ÄÉ=Éî~äì~íÉÇ=Äó=íóéáÅ~ä=ÅäáÉåí=~ééäáÅ~íáçåëK=

=

PKP=`çëí=Ó=_ÉåÉÑáí=^å~äóëáë=

e~îáåÖ= ÇÉãçåëíê~íÉÇ= íÜ~í= íÜÉ= êÉèìáêÉÇ= éÉêÑçêã~åÅÉ= ï~ë= ~ÅÜáÉî~ÄäÉ= ïáíÜ= pjm=mboj^pI=íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=íÜÉå=ëÉí=çìí=íç=ëÜçï=áí=ï~ë=îá~ÄäÉ=íç=ìëÉ=pjm=éä~íÑçêãëK==qÜáë=ï~ë=ÇçåÉ=íÜêçìÖÜ=~=ÅçëíJÄÉåÉÑáíë=~å~äóëáëK=

qÜÉ= ÅçëíJÄÉåÉÑáíë= ~å~äóëáë= ~åëïÉêë= íÜÉ= èìÉëíáçåW= ÖáîÉå= ~å= ÉñáëíáåÖ= äÉîÉä= çÑ= áåîÉëíãÉåí= áå=ïçêâëí~íáçåëI= áåíÉêÅçååÉÅí= ~åÇ= Üìã~å= êÉëçìêÅÉëI= ïÜ~í= áë= íÜÉ= ãçëí= ÅçëíJÉÑÑÉÅíáîÉ= ~ééêç~ÅÜ= íç=êÉ~äáëáåÖ=ÄÉåÉÑáíë=Ñêçã=äçïJÅçëí=em`k=éä~íÑçêãë\=

• `çëíë=

qÜÉêÉ= áë= ~= éêçÅìêÉãÉåí= éêçÅÉëë= çîÉêÜÉ~Ç= ÅçåëáëíáåÖ= çÑ= Åçåí~ÅíáåÖ= ã~åìÑ~ÅíìêÉêë= çÑ=pjmÛë=~åÇ=íÉëíáåÖ=çÑ=íÜÉ=éçëëáÄäÉ=éä~íÑçêãëK=låÅÉ=~=ã~ÅÜáåÉ=Ü~ë=ÄÉÉå=ÅÜçëÉå=íÜÉêÉ=áë=~=Åçëí= áåîçäîÉÇ= ïáíÜ= áåëí~ää~íáçåK= = qÜáë= áåÅäìÇÉë= íáãÉ= ëéÉåí= ëÉííáåÖ= ìé= íÜÉ= åÉíïçêâI=ÅçåÑáÖìê~íáçåI=ëçÑíï~êÉ=~åÇ=äÉ~êåáåÖ=íç=ìëÉ=íÜÉ=ã~ÅÜáåÉ=~ë=ïÉää=~ë=éÜóëáÅ~ääó=áåëí~ääáåÖ=íÜÉ=ÉèìáéãÉåíK=

qÜÉ=éÉêÅÉáîÉÇ=ëíê~íÉÖó=Ñçê=ãçîáåÖ=Ñêçã=~å=ÉñáëíáåÖ=íç=~å=pjm=Ä~ëÉÇ=ëóëíÉã=Å~å=ÄÉ=ëÉÉå=~ë=ÄÉáåÖ=ÇçåÉ=áå=~=ëÉêáÉë=çÑ=ëã~ääI=äçïJÅçëí=ëíÉéëK=qÜÉ=ÉñáëíáåÖ=ëóëíÉã=áë=äáâÉäó=íç=ÄÉ=ã~ÇÉ=ìé=çÑ=~=ãáñ=çÑ=ÇÉëâíçé=ïçêâëí~íáçåë=~åÇ=m`Ûë=íÜ~í=~êÉ=ÄÉáåÖ=ìëÉÇ=Ñçê=ëáãìä~íáçåI=éêÉ=~åÇ=éçëí=éêçÅÉëëáåÖ=~åÇ=êÉéçêí=ïêáíáåÖK=

• _ÉåÉÑáíë=

fåÅêÉ~ëáåÖ= ëáãìä~íáçå= í~ëâë= áãé~Åíë= çå= ÉåÖáåÉÉêÛë= áåíÉê~ÅíáîÉ=ìëÉ=çÑ= íÜÉáê=ïçêâëí~íáçåë=~åÇ=ÑáåÇáåÖ=ëé~êÉ=`mr=ÅóÅäÉë=çå=~åçíÜÉê=ã~ÅÜáåÉ=í~âÉë=íáãÉK=^ÇÇáíáçå~ääóI=ëé~êÉ=`mr=ÅóÅäÉë=ã~ó=åçí=ÄÉ=~î~áä~ÄäÉK=

fåëí~ääáåÖ= ~å= pjm= ã~ÅÜáåÉ= íç= ÄÉ= ìëÉÇ= ~ë= ~= Å~äÅìä~íáçå= ÉåÖáåÉ= ïáää= ÑêÉÉ= ìé= ÇÉëâíçé=ã~ÅÜáåÉë= Ñçê= ãçêÉ= áåíÉê~ÅíáîÉ= í~ëâëK= qÜáë= ïáää= ~äëç= êÉÇìÅÉ= ëóëíÉã= çîÉêÜÉ~Çë= Äó=ÅÉåíê~äáëáåÖ=Ä~Åâìé=~åÇ= äáÅÉåëáåÖ= áëëìÉëK= =qÜÉ=ã~áå=ÄÉåÉÑáí=ïáää= íÜÉêÉÑçêÉ=ÄÉ= áåÅêÉ~ëÉÇ=ÉåÖáåÉÉêDë=éêçÇìÅíáîáíó=~åÇ=ÉÑÑáÅáÉåÅóK=


• jáÖê~íáçå=

tÜÉå=~å=pjb=ÇÉÅáÇÉë=íç=ìéÖê~ÇÉ=íç=em`kI=íÜÉêÉ=~êÉ=íïç=~äíÉêå~íáîÉëI=å~ãÉäó=~=ëÜ~êÉÇ=ãÉãçêó=ëóëíÉã=çê=~=ÅäìëíÉê=EçÑ=äÉÖ~Åó=çê=äçï=Åçëí=ïçêâëí~íáçåFK=tÜáÅÜ=çéíáçå=áë=íÜÉ=ÄÉëí=Ñçê= ~= é~êíáÅìä~ê= Åçãé~åó= ÇÉéÉåÇë= çå= áíë= ÅçêÉ= ÄìëáåÉëë= ~åÇ= Ç~óJíçJÇ~ó= ãÉíÜçÇ= çÑ=çéÉê~íáçåK=^= Åçãé~åó= íÜ~í= êÉäáÉë= çå= Åçãéìí~íáçå~ä= êÉëçìêÅÉë= ~ë= áíë= ÅçêÉ= ÄìëáåÉëë=ïáää=éêçÄ~Ääó=ÑáåÇ=íÜ~í=pjm=áë=íÜÉ=ÇÉëáêÉÇ=êçìíÉI=ïÜáäÉ=~=Åçãé~åó=íÜ~í=ìëÉë=Åçãéìí~íáçå=~ë=~=ëìééçêí=íççä=Ñçê=íÜÉ=ÇÉëáÖåÉêë=ïáää=ÑáåÇ=íÜ~í=íÜÉ=ÅäìëíÉê=~ééêç~ÅÜ=áë=ãçêÉ=ÇÉëáê~ÄäÉK=

pÜ~êÉÇ= ãÉãçêó= ëóëíÉãë= ~êÉ= ãÉÇáìã= Åçëí= ïçêâëí~íáçåë= íÜ~í= ~êÉ= Å~é~ÄäÉ= çÑ= ÜáÖÜ=éÉêÑçêã~åÅÉ= Åçãéìí~íáçåK= fÑ= íÜÉ=~åëïÉê= íç= íÜÉ= ÑçääçïáåÖ=èìÉëíáçåW= “^êÉ=ãó=ÉåÖáåÉÉêë=ìëáåÖ= íÜÉáê= ïçêâëí~íáçåë= íç= Ñìää= Å~é~Åáíó= ïáíÜ= åç= `mr= ÅóÅäÉë= ~î~áä~ÄäÉ= Ñçê= çíÜÉê=~ééäáÅ~íáçåë\Ò=áë=ÚvÉëÛ=íÜÉå=íÜÉ=ëìÖÖÉëíÉÇ=êçìíÉ=áë=íç=ãçîÉ=íç=~å=pjm=éä~íÑçêãK=

içï=Åçëí=ëóëíÉãë=EÉKÖK=fåíÉä=m`Ûë=çê=äÉÖ~Åó=ïçêâëí~íáçåëF=çéÉê~íáåÖ=áå=~=ÅäìëíÉê=Å~å=ÄÉ=~å=ÉÑÑÉÅíáîÉ=ï~ó=çÑ=áåÅêÉ~ëáåÖ=íÜÉ=Åçãéìí~íáçå~ä=êÉëçìêÅÉë=çÑ=íÜÉ=Åçãé~åó=Äó=ìëáåÖ=ëé~êÉ=`mr=ÅóÅäÉë=çå=áÇäÉ=ã~ÅÜáåÉëK=fÑ=íÜÉ=~åëïÉê=íç=íÜÉ=ÑçääçïáåÖ=èìÉëíáçåW=“^êÉ=ã~åó=çÑ=íÜÉ=ã~ÅÜáåÉë= áå=ãó=çêÖ~åáë~íáçå=åçí=ÄÉáåÖ=ìëÉÇ=~í= Ñìää= Å~é~Åáíó= EÉKÖK= Ñçê= êÉéçêí=ïêáíáåÖ=çê=çÑÑáÅÉ=íççäëF\Ò=áë=ÚvÉëÛ=íÜÉå=íÜÉ=ëìÖÖÉëíÉÇ=êçìíÉ=áë=íç=ãçîÉ=íç=~å=ÅäìëíÉê=ëçäìíáçåK=

=

=

jáÖê~íáçå=píê~íÉÖó=íç=pjm=ëóëíÉã=

=

=

qÜÉ=éìêÅÜ~ëÉ=éêáÅÉ=Ñçê=~=íóéáÅ~ä=pjm=ã~ÅÜáåÉ=áë=áå=íÜÉ=êÉÖáçå=çÑ=OOMMM=íç=QRMMM=bìêç=Ñçê=~= O= `mr= ã~ÅÜáåÉK= qÜÉêÉ= áë= ~= éêçÅìêÉãÉåí= éêçÅÉëë= çîÉêÜÉ~Ç= ÅçåëáëíáåÖ= çÑ= Åçåí~ÅíáåÖ=ã~åìÑ~ÅíìêÉêë= çÑ= pjmÛë= ~åÇ= íÉëíáåÖ= çÑ= íÜÉëÉ= éçëëáÄäÉ= éä~íÑçêãëK= låÅÉ= ~=ã~ÅÜáåÉ= Ü~ë=ÄÉÉå=ÅÜçëÉå=íÜÉêÉ=áë=~=Åçëí=áåîçäîÉÇ=ïáíÜ=áåëí~ää~íáçåK=qÜáë=áåÅäìÇÉë=íáãÉ=ëéÉåí=ëÉííáåÖ=ìé=íÜÉ= åÉíïçêâI= ÅçåÑáÖìê~íáçåI= ëçÑíï~êÉ= ~åÇ= äÉ~êåáåÖ= íç= ìëÉ= íÜÉ= ã~ÅÜáåÉ= ~ë= ïÉää= ~ë=éÜóëáÅ~ääó=áåëí~ääáåÖ=íÜÉ=ÉèìáéãÉåíK=

fåëí~ääáåÖ= ~å= pjm= ã~ÅÜáåÉ= íç= ÄÉ= ìëÉÇ= ~ë= ~= Å~äÅìä~íáçå= ÉåÖáåÉ= ïáää= ÑêÉÉ= ìé= ÇÉëâíçé=ã~ÅÜáåÉë= Ñçê= ãçêÉ= áåíÉê~ÅíáîÉ= í~ëâëK= qÜáë= ïáää= ~äëç= êÉÇìÅÉ= ëóëíÉã= çîÉêÜÉ~Çë= Äó=ÅÉåíê~äáëáåÖ=Ä~Åâìé=~åÇ=äáÅÉåëáåÖ=áëëìÉëK=cìíìêÉ=ìéÖê~ÇÉë=íç=íÜÉ=pjm=éä~íÑçêã=~êÉ=É~ëáäó=éÉêÑçêãÉÇ=Äó=~ÇÇáíáçå=çÑ=`mrI=ãÉãçêó=~åÇ=ÇáëâK=


cçê= ~=ãçêÉ=ÇÉí~áäÉÇ= Éñéä~å~íáçå=çÑ= íÜÉ= Åçëí= ÄÉåÉÑáí= ~å~äóëáë= íÜÉ= êÉ~ÇÉê= ëÜçìäÇ= êÉÑÉê= íç=aQKO=

Q= aáëëÉãáå~íáçå=^=ã~àçê= ~Åíáîáíó= çÑ= mboj^pJa=ï~ë= íÜÉ= ÇáëëÉãáå~íáçå= çÑ= íÜÉ= ÄÉåÉÑáíë= íÜ~í=em`k= Å~å=ÄêáåÖ=íç=ÉåÖáåÉÉêáåÖ=Åçåëìäí~åÅáÉëK=

qç= ~áÇ=ïáíÜ= íÜÉ= ÇáëëÉãáå~íáçå= çÑ= íÜÉ=mboj^pJa=éêçàÉÅí= íÜêÉÉ=éçëíÉêë=ïÉêÉ=éêçÇìÅÉÇ=ÇìêáåÖ= íÜÉ= äáÑÉíáãÉ= çÑ= íÜÉ= éêçàÉÅíK= `çéáÉë= çÑ= íÜÉ= éçëíÉêë= ~êÉ= ëÜçïå= ÄÉäçïK= mçëíÉê= çåÉ=ÖáîÉë= ~å= çîÉêîáÉï= çÑ= íÜÉ= éêçàÉÅí= ~åÇ= ï~ë= ÇÉëáÖåÉÇ= íç= ëí~åÇ= ~äçåÉK= mçëíÉê= íïç=ÇÉãçåëíê~íÉÇ= íÜÉ= éçëëáÄäÉ= ëéÉÉÇìé= ~íí~áå~ÄäÉ= çå= ~å= pjm= éä~íÑçêã= ìëáåÖ= íÉëí= Å~ëÉë=ëìééäáÉÇ=Äó=ÄçíÜ=pb=~åÇ=aóå~äáëK=mçëíÉê= íÜêÉÉI= íÜÉ= Ñáå~ä=éçëíÉêI=ï~ë=ÇÉëáÖåÉÇ= íç=ëí~åÇ=~äçåÖ=ëáÇÉ=íÜÉ=Ñáêëí=íïç=~åÇ=ÅêÉ~íÉ=~=ëíçêóÄç~êÇ=ÉÑÑÉÅí=çÑ=íÜÉ=ïÜçäÉ=éêçàÉÅíK=qÜÉ=éçëíÉêë=íìêåÉÇ=çìí=íç=ÄÉ=TVMãã=ñ=NNUMãã=áå=ëáòÉK=

cìääJëáòÉÇ= ÅçéáÉë= çÑ= íÜÉ= éçëíÉêë= Å~å= ÄÉ= Ççïåäç~ÇÉÇ= Ñêçã= íÜÉ= mboj^pJa=tÉÄ= ëáíÉ= ~í=ÜííéWLLïïïKé~ÅKëçíçåK~ÅKìâLéÉêã~ëÇ=

=mçëíÉê=låÉW=_~ÅâÖêçìåÇ= mçëíÉê=qïçW=_ÉåÅÜã~êâ=

oÉëìäíë=mçëíÉê=qÜêÉÉW=`çëíJÄÉåÉÑáí=C=jáÖê~íáçå=píê~íÉÖó=

=

QKN=mìÄäáÅ~íáçåë=

EpÉÉ=íÜÉ=mboj^pJa=tÉÄ=ëáíÉ=Ñçê=ÅçéáÉë=çÑ=íÜÉ=ã~íÉêá~ä=éêçÇìÅÉÇF=

QKNKN= mboj^p=åÉïëäÉííÉê=

qÜáë=áë=~=íÉÅÜåáÅ~ä=åÉïëäÉííÉêI=ïÜáÅÜ=ï~ë=ëÉåí=íç=~ää=íÜÉ=fkqbp=ÅäáÉåíë=áå=aÉÅÉãÄÉê=NVVUK=båÅäçëÉÇ=áåëáÇÉ=ïÉêÉ=íÜÉ=mboj^pJa=ÑäóÉêë=ïáíÜ=ÇÉëÅêáéíáçåë=çÑ=íÜÉ=íÉëí=Å~ëÉ=ãçÇÉäë=~åÇ=Ñáêëí=éêÉäáãáå~êó=ÄÉåÅÜã~êâ=êÉëìäíëK=

=

QKNKO= pb=Åçãé~åó=ÑäóÉê=

^ë=é~êí=çÑ=çåJÖçáåÖ=ã~êâÉíáåÖ=~åÇ=Åçãé~åó=éêçãçíáçå=pb=ÅêÉ~íÉÇ=~åÇ=ÅáêÅìä~íÉÇ=~=çåÉJé~ÖÉ=ÑäóÉêK=^=Åçéó=çÑ=íÜÉ=ÑäóÉê=áë=~íí~ÅÜÉÇ=íç=íÜÉ=ÉåÇ=çÑ=íÜáë=ÇçÅìãÉåíK=


QKNKP= eôsbpq=

^=ëìÅÅÉëë=íóéÉ=ëíçêó=ï~ë=~äëç=ëìÄãáííÉÇ=Ñçê=éìÄäáÅ~íáçåK=qç=Ç~íÉ=åç=éìÄäáÅ~íáçå=Ç~íÉ=Ü~ë=ÄÉÉå=ÖáîÉå=~ë=e~êîÉëí=áë=çåäó=ÅáêÅìä~íÉÇ=çåÅÉ=ÉîÉêó=íïç=ãçåíÜëK=qÜáë=éìÄäáÅ~íáçå=áë=êÉ~Ç=áå=ã~åó=cêÉåÅÜ=?_ìêÉ~ìñ=ÇDbíìÇÉë?=Äó=cbj=ìëÉêëK

=

=

^êíáÅäÉ=ëìÄãáííÉÇ=íç=e~êîÉëíK=

=

QKNKQ= líÜÉê=éìÄäáÅ~íáçåë=

qÜÉ=ëìÅÅÉëë=ëíçêóI=ïÜáÅÜ=Ü~ë=ÄÉÉå=ëìÄãáííÉÇ=íç=e~êîÉëíI=Ü~ë=~äëç=ÄÉÉå=ëÉåí=íç=~=ÑêÉÉä~åÅÉ=àçìêå~äáëí=ïÜç=ÑêÉèìÉåíäó=éìÄäáëÜÉë=ïáíÜáå=ÉåÖáåÉÉêáåÖ=éìÄäáÅ~íáçåëK=qç=Ç~íÉ=åç=~êíáÅäÉ=Ü~ë=ÄÉÉå=éìÄäáëÜÉÇK=

QKO=qqk=kÉíïçêâ=fåÇìëíêó=pÉÅíçê=dêçìéë=

qÜÉ=ã~áå= í~êÖÉí= áåÇìëíêó= ëÉÅíçêë= Ñçê= mboj^pJa=ïÉêÉ= íÜçëÉ= çÑ= íÜÉ= ÉåÇJìëÉêëI= å~ãÉäó=~ìíçãçíáîÉ= Eaóå~äáëF= ~åÇ=lÑÑëÜçêÉ= EpbFK= =qÜìë= íÜÉ=ãçëí= êÉäÉî~åí=qqk=kÉíïçêâ=pÉÅíçê=dêçìé=áë=^ìíçãçíáîÉK=


qÜÉ= mboj^pJa= ÇáëëÉãáå~íáçå=ã~íÉêá~ä=ï~ë= ëÉåí= íç= íÜÉ=^ìíçãçíáîÉ= pÉÅíçê=dêçìé= ÅçJçêÇáå~íçêëK= =qÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=Åçåëçêíáìã=Ü~ë=êÉã~áåÉÇ= áå= íçìÅÜ=ïáíÜ=íÜÉ=^ìíçãçíáîÉ=pÉÅíçê=dêçìé=~ÅíáîáíáÉë=~åÇ=íÜÉ=ÑçääçïáåÖ=íïç=~ìíçãçíáîÉ=ëÉÅíçê=Öêçìé=~ÅíáîáíáÉë=ïÉêÉ=í~êÖÉíÉÇK=

QKOKN= fp^q^=ÛVV==

fåíÉêå~íáçå~ä=póãéçëáìã=çå=^ìíçãçíáîÉ=qÉÅÜåçäçÖó=~åÇ=^ìíçã~íáçåI=áå=sáÉåå~=NQíÜ=Ó=NUíÜ= gìåÉ= NVVVK= qÜÉ= kbq^mabu= qqk= ~êÉ= Ü~îáåÖ= ~= ëí~åÇ= ~í= íÜáë= ÉîÉåí= ~åÇ= ~ää= íÜêÉÉ=mboj^pJa=éçëíÉêë=ïáää=ÄÉ=éêÉëÉåíK=

QKOKO= b^b`===

bìêçéÉ~å=~ìíçãçíáîÉ=ÅçåÖêÉëë=“sÉÜáÅäÉ=ëóëíÉãë=qÉÅÜåçäçÖó=Ñçê=íÜÉ=kÉñí=`ÉåíìêóÒ=PMíÜ=gìåÉ=Ó=OåÇ= gìäó=NVVV= áå=_~êÅÉäçå~K=`bm_^Jqqk=~êÉ=Ü~îáåÖ=~=ëí~åÇ=~åÇ=~ää= íÜêÉÉ=éçëíÉêë=ïáää=ÄÉ=éêÉëÉåíÉÇK=

QKP=`çåÑÉêÉåÅÉë=^ííÉåÇÉÇ=

QKPKN= dÉêã~å=cáåáíÉ=bäÉãÉåí=`çåÖêÉëë=

fkqbp= ÜçëíÉÇ= ~= ÄççíÜ= ~í= íÜáë= ÉîÉåíI= ïÜáÅÜ= íççâ= éä~ÅÉ= áå= _~ÇÉå= _~ÇÉåI= dÉêã~åó= çå=NSLNT=kçîÉãÄÉê=NVVUI=~ë=é~êí=çÑ=íÜÉáê=åçêã~ä=ã~êâÉíáåÖ=~ÅíáîáíóK=qÜáë=ÉîÉåí=Ü~Ç=~=ä~êÖÉI=ã~áåäó=dÉêã~å=~ìÇáÉåÅÉ= EíÜÉ= ä~åÖì~ÖÉ=çÑ= íÜÉ=ÅçåÖêÉëë=ï~ë=dÉêã~åF=çÑ=ìëÉêë=çÑ= ÑáåáíÉ=ÉäÉãÉåí= ~å~äóëáëK= =qÜÉëÉ= áåÅäìÇÉÇ=~å~äóëíë= Ñêçã=ÉåÖáåÉÉêáåÖ= Åçåëìäí~åÅáÉë= äáâÉ=pb=~åÇ=aóå~äáëK=mçëíÉê=N=ï~ë=éêÉëÉåíÉÇ=~ë=ÜáÖÜäáÖÜíáåÖ=íÜÉ=ÉñéÉÅíÉÇ=ÄÉåÉÑáíë=çÑ=íÜÉ=mboj^pJa=éêçàÉÅíK= = qÜÉ= êÉëìäíë= çÑ= íÜáë= ÉñÉêÅáëÉ= ïÉêÉ= íÜ~í= çìí= çÑ= NMM= é~êíáÅáé~åíë= OR= ÑäóÉêë= ïÉêÉ=ÇáëíêáÄìíÉÇ=~åÇ=Q=åÉï=Åçåí~Åíë=ïÉêÉ=ã~ÇÉK=

QKPKO= jf`â=

qÜáë=ÅçåÑÉêÉåÅÉ=ï~ë=ÜÉäÇ=áå=cê~åÅÉI=VJNO=cÉÄêì~êó=NVVVK=aóå~äáë=ÜçëíÉÇ=~=ÄççíÜ=~ë=é~êí=çÑ=íÜÉáê=åçêã~ä=ã~êâÉíáåÖ=~ÅíáîáíóK==qÜÉ=^ìíçãçíáîÉ=pÉÅíçê=dêçìé=çÑ=íÜÉ=qqk=kÉíïçêâ=~äëç= ÜçëíÉÇ= ~= ëí~åÇK= = qÜÉ= jf`â= ~ìÇáÉåÅÉ= ï~ë= ã~ÇÉ= ìé= çÑ= ÇÉëáÖåÉêëI= ÉåÖáåÉÉêëI=~å~äóëíëI= `â= ìëÉêë= ÉíÅK= ~åÇ= ï~ë= ÇáêÉÅíÉÇ= íçï~êÇë= ~= cêÉåÅÜ= ëéÉ~âáåÖ= ~ìÇáÉåÅÉK= qÜÉ=ä~åÖì~ÖÉ=çÑ=íÜÉ=ÅçåÑÉêÉåÅÉLÉñÜáÄáíáçå=ï~ë=cêÉåÅÜK=

qÜÉêÉ=ï~ë=mboj^pJa=ã~íÉêá~ä=çå=ÄçíÜ=ëí~åÇë=~í=jf`â=~åÇ=íÜÉ=ã~íÉêá~ä=äÉÇ=îáëáíçêë=Ñêçã=çåÉ=ëí~åÇ=íç=íÜÉ=çíÜÉêK==^=ëÉÅçåÇ=éçëíÉê=ï~ë=éêçÇìÅÉÇ=ÇÉí~áäáåÖ=ëçãÉ=çÑ=íÜÉ=~Åíì~ä=ÄÉåÉÑáíë= çÑ= pjm=mboj^p=~ë= êÉ~äáëÉÇ= áå= íÜÉ=ÄÉåÅÜã~êâáåÖ=éÜ~ëÉë=çÑ= íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅíK= =qÜáë=éçëíÉê=ï~ë=Çáëéä~óÉÇ=~äçåÖ=ïáíÜ=íÜÉ=Ñáêëí=íç=ÖáîÉ=~=ÅçãéäÉíÉ=mboj^pJa=ëìÅÅÉëë=ëíçêó=ìé=íç= Äìí= åçí= áåÅäìÇáåÖ= íÜÉ= ÅçëíJÄÉåÉÑáí= ~å~äóëáë= ïÜáÅÜ= ï~ë= íç= ÄÉ= Åçåí~áåÉÇ= ïáíÜáå=mboj^pJa=éçëíÉê=PK==

qÜÉ=Ñáêëí=íïç=éçëíÉêë=ïÉêÉ=éêÉëÉåíÉÇ=~í=íÜáë=ÉîÉåíK=qÜÉêÉ=ïÉêÉ=OMM=é~êíáÅáé~åíë=çÑ=ïÜáÅÜ=aóå~äáë=í~êÖÉíÉÇ=RM=áåÇáîáÇì~äë=Ñçê=ÑçääçïJìé=~ÑíÉê=íÜÉ=ÉîÉåíK=

=

QKPKP= k^cbjp=ïçêâëÜçé=

qÜÉ= m^`= ÜÉäÇ= ~= k^cbjp= ïçêâëÜçéI= ORíÜ= j~ó= NVVVI= íÜ~í= ÇáëÅìëëÉÇ= DìÄáèìáíçìë=ëáãìä~íáçåD=ïÜÉêÉ=íÜÉ=êÉëìäíë=çÑ= íÜÉ=m^`^kJa=~åÇ=mô^`ljm=mpqë=ïÉêÉ=ÇáëÅìëëÉÇK==qÜÉ= í~êÖÉí= ~ìÇáÉåÅÉ= Ñçê= íÜáë= ÉîÉåí= ïÉêÉ= cb= éê~ÅíáíáçåÉêëK= oçäÑ= cáëÅÜÉê= Ñêçã= fkqbp=~ííÉåÇÉÇ=~åÇ=éêÉëÉåíÉÇ=~=í~äâ=íáíäÉÇW=“êÉÇìÅáåÖ=ÇÉëáÖå=ÅóÅäÉë=Äó=é~ê~ääÉä=cb^=ëáãìä~íáçåë=ïáíÜ=mboj^pKÒ=


QKPKQ= tÉÄ=ëáíÉ=

qÜÉ= m^`= éêçÇìÅÉÇ= ~åÇ= ÜçëíÉÇ= ~= tÉÄ= ëáíÉ= Ñçê= íÜÉ= éêçàÉÅíK= = qÜáë= Åçåí~áåë= çîÉêîáÉï=áåÑçêã~íáçåI=Ççïåäç~Ç~ÄäÉ=îÉêëáçåë=çÑ=íÜÉ=ÇáëëÉãáå~íáçå=ã~íÉêá~ä=éêçÇìÅÉÇ=~åÇ=Åçåí~Åí=ÇÉí~áäë=Ñçê=~ää=íÜÉ=é~êíåÉêëK==qÜáë=ëáíÉ=ïáää=êÉã~áå=äáîÉ=ìåíáä=~í=äÉ~ëí=PN=j~êÅÜ=OMMMK=

pÉÉ=ÜííéWLLïïïKé~ÅKëçíçåK~ÅKìâLéÉêã~ëÇ=

R= `çåÅäìëáçå=qÜÉ=êÉëìäíë=çÑ=mboj^pJa=ëíêÉåÖíÜÉå= fkqbp=éçëáíáçå= íç=ëìééäó=~=îá~ÄäÉ=pjm=éä~íÑçêã=~åÇ=Éå~ÄäÉë=íÜÉã=íç=Éñéäçáí=íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=Äó=

• ÉñíÉåÇáåÖ=íÜÉ=~î~áä~ÄäÉ=Å~ëÉJëíìÇó=ã~íÉêá~ä=~åÇ=

• ã~âáåÖ=~=äáãáíÉÇ=ÉñíÉåëáçå=íç=ëçãÉ=çÑ=íÜÉ=ëçÑíï~êÉ=ÑÉ~íìêÉëK=

qÜÉëÉ=ÉñíÉåëáçåë=ïáää=Éå~ÄäÉ=fkqbp=íç=ÄÉííÉê=~ÇÇêÉëë=ëã~ää=ìëÉêë=áåÅäìÇáåÖ=ÉåÖáåÉÉêáåÖ=Åçåëìäí~åíë=~åÇ=~äëç=ÅçãéçåÉåí=ëìééäáÉêëK=

`çÇÉ=ÉåÜ~åÅÉãÉåíë=ÇìêáåÖ=íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=ïÉêÉ=ÉñéÉÅíÉÇ=íç=ÄÉ=ëäáÖÜíI=Äìí=ÇáêÉÅíÉÇ=íçï~êÇë=íÜÉ=åÉÉÇë=çÑ=ëã~ääÉê=ÉåÇJìëÉêëK==mÉêÑçêã~åÅÉ=íìåáåÖ=ãÉ~ëìêÉë=áãéäÉãÉåíÉÇ=çê=áÇÉåíáÑáÉÇ=ÇìêáåÖ= íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=ïÉêÉ= áåÅçêéçê~íÉÇ= áåíç= íÜÉáê=mboj^p=éêçÇìÅí= ëçÑíï~êÉI= íç= áåÅêÉ~ëÉ=íÜÉ=éçíÉåíá~ä=ÄÉåÉÑáíë=Ñêçã=em`k=íÉÅÜåçäçÖó=Ñçê=íÜáë=Öêçìé=çÑ=ìëÉêëK=

`~ëÉ=ëíìÇó=êÉëìäíë=~åÇ=ÇÉéäçóãÉåí=ÉñéÉêáÉåÅÉë=Ñêçã=íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=Ü~îÉ=~äëç=ÄÉÉå=ìëÉÇ=íç=ÉåÜ~åÅÉ= fkqbp=ã~êâÉíáåÖ= ëíê~íÉÖó= Ñçê= íÜÉ= é~ê~ääÉä= Å~é~ÄáäáíáÉë= çÑ= íÜÉáê= ëçÑíï~êÉI=ïáíÜ=êÉëéÉÅí=íç=ëã~ääÉê=ìëÉêëK=

cáå~ääóI= íÜÉ=ÉñáëíÉåÅÉ=çÑ=åÉï=ìëÉêë=ìëáåÖ= äçï=Åçëí=é~ê~ääÉä= ëóëíÉãë=ïáää=éêçîáÇÉ= fkqbp=ïáíÜ= çåÖçáåÖ= ÑÉÉÇÄ~Åâ= åÉÅÉëë~êó= Ñçê=ã~áåíÉå~åÅÉ= çÑ= íÜÉ= é~ê~ääÉä= ëçÑíï~êÉI= ïÜáäëí= íÜÉ=ÅçëíJÄÉåÉÑáí=~å~äóëáë=êÉëìäíë=ïáää=éêçîáÇÉ=áåéìí=Ñçê=ëíê~íÉÖáÅ=áåîÉëíãÉåí=áå=ÑìíìêÉ=ëçÑíï~êÉ=áãéêçîÉãÉåíë=íç=~ÇÇêÉëë=äçïJÅçëí=éä~íÑçêãëK=

qÜÉ=ÉåÇ=ìëÉêë=ïáää=Éñéäçáí=íÜÉ=ÉåÜ~åÅÉÇ=~å~äóëáë=Å~é~ÄáäáíáÉë=Ñêçã=ìëáåÖ=íÜÉ=é~ê~ääÉä=ÅçÇÉ=íç= ëéÉÉÇ= ìé= íÜÉáê= çïå= ÇÉëáÖå= éêçÅÉëëÉëK= = qÜÉó= ïáää= ~äëç= Éñéäçáí= íÜÉ= êÉëìäíë= Ñêçã= íÜÉ=íÉÅÜåçäçÖó= ~ëëÉëëãÉåí= éÜ~ëÉ= çÑ= íÜáë= éêçàÉÅí= íç= éä~å= ~= ÅçÜÉêÉåí= éçäáÅó= Ñçê= ÑìíìêÉ=Ü~êÇï~êÉ=éêçÅìêÉãÉåíI= áåÅçêéçê~íáåÖ=ìéÖê~ÇÉë= íç= íÜÉáê=é~ê~ääÉä=ÅçãéìíáåÖ= Ñ~ÅáäáíáÉë= íç=ÉåëìêÉ=ä~ëíáåÖ=ÄÉåÉÑáíë=Ñêçã=ãáÖê~íáçå=çÑ=íÜÉáê=ÇÉëáÖå=éêçÅÉëëÉëK==få=Ñ~Åí=pb=Ü~îÉ=~äêÉ~Çó=ãáÖê~íÉÇ=íç=~å=pjm=éä~íÑçêã=~åÇ=aóå~äáë=éä~å=íç=Çç=ëç=ëççåK=

^ää= é~êíåÉêë= ïáää= Éñéäçáí= íÜÉ= ÉñéÉêáÉåÅÉë= ~åÇ= âåçïJÜçï= Ö~áåÉÇ= ÇìêáåÖ= íÜÉ= éêçàÉÅí= íç=ÉåÜ~åÅÉ= íÜÉáê= ÄìëáåÉëë= ~ÅíáîáíáÉëK= = få= é~êíáÅìä~êI= íÜÉ= m^`=ïáää= ìëÉ= íÜáë= âåçïJÜçï= ~åÇ=ÇáëëÉãáå~íáçå=ã~íÉêá~ä= Ñêçã=íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí= íç=éêçãçíÉ=~åÇ=Éå~ÄäÉ= íÜÉ=~ééäáÅ~íáçå=çÑ=em`=íÉÅÜåçäçÖó=Äó=áåÇìëíêó=íÜêçìÖÜçìí=bìêçéÉK=

=

qÜáë=éêçàÉÅí=Ü~ë=ëÜçïå=Üçï=íÜÉ=ëìÅÅÉëëÑìä=ãáÖê~íáçå=íç=em`=íÉÅÜåçäçÖó=ã~ó=ÄÉ=ã~ÇÉ=ìëáåÖ= äÉÖ~Åó= ëóëíÉãë= ~ë= ~= Ñáêëí= ëíÉéK= fí= Ü~ë= éêçîáÇÉÇ= ~= ìëÉÑìä= ãçÇÉä= Ñçê= çíÜÉê= ëã~ää=ã~åìÑ~ÅíìêÉêë=~åÇ=Åçåëìäí~åÅáÉëK=

qÜÉêÉ=Å~å=ÄÉ=ëÉÉå=íç=ÄÉ=íïç=ã~àçê=ÄÉåÉÑáíë=Ñçê=ãçîáåÖ=mboj^p=ÅçÇÉ=íç=~=é~ê~ääÉä=pjm=éä~íÑçêãK= cçê= ~= ëã~ää= Å~éáí~ä= çìíä~óI= ~å= pjb= Å~å= ÖêÉ~íäó= áåÅêÉ~ëÉ= áíë= Åçãéìí~íáçå~ä=êÉëçìêÅÉëK= jáÖê~íáçå= íç= ~= ÅÉåíê~äáëÉÇ= pjm= åÉíïçêâ= ãÉ~åë= ãçêÉ= ÉÑÑáÅáÉåí= ìëÉ= çÑ= íÜÉ=Åçãé~åóÛë=ÉñáëíáåÖ=ã~ÅÜáåÉëK=



S= `çåí~Åí=aÉí~áäë== Company contact URL Role

ParallelApplicationsCentre

Paul Gordon http://www.pac.soton.ac.uk/ [email protected]

Project Leader

Rolf Fischer http://www.intes.de/~fischer/

[email protected] Software Provider

Jean Michel Terrier

[email protected]

End-User

Meinolf Muller http://www.se-as.no [email protected]

End-User

qÜÉ= éêçàÉÅí= ê~å= Ñçê= NO= ãçåíÜë= ëí~êíáåÖ= áå= ^éêáä= NVVU= ~åÇ= ÉåÇáåÖ= ^éêáä= NVVVK= qÜÉ=bìêçéÉ~å=`çããáëëáçå=ÅçåíêáÄìíÉÇ=íç=íÜÉ=éêçàÉÅí=NOMIMMM=bìêçK=

=

=

=

http://www.se-as.no/

Documents

HEIDI - Eprintsmboj^pJa= bpmofq=mêçàÉÅí=kìãÄÉê=OQQTO= m^`= fkqbp=dãÄe= aóå~äáë= píêìÅíìê~ä=båÖáåÉÉêáåÖ=^KpK= = mìÄäáÅ=cáå~ä=oÉéçêí=çÑ=bpmfoq=em`k=mpq=