Hedwig is considered to be the father of Bryology. But according to some scientist it is believed that Cavers is the father of Bryology.

I. Bryophytes are not considered as the successful land plants because vascular tissue is absent and they need water for fertilization. Due to the absence of vascular tissue bryophytes cannot grow very tall. The process of water conduction in bryophytes takes place with the help of parenchyma.

II. Bryophytes are known as amphibians of plant kingdom, because they need water to complete their life cycle. Mostly bryophytes are not found on land.

III. Bryophytes are the first land plant. It is believed that, they originated from aquatic plant and they come on land through water. Because some bryophytes have characters similar to aquatic plants.

IV. Roots are absent in bryophytes. Stem and leaves of bryophytes are functionally similar to the stem and leaves of higher plants.

V. Bryophytes are sciophytes, i.e. bryophytes prefer to grow in moist and sandy places.VI. The plant in bryophytes is gametophytes. It is haploid.

VII. Sex organ are formed on gametophytes. Sex organ are multicellular and jacketed in bryophytes. Male sex organs are called as archegonia.

Bryophytes are divided in to three classes1. Hepaticopsida2. Anthoceropsida3. Broyosida or Musci

Hepaticopsida- Liver worts

I. The saprophyte of liveworts is complety parasite on gametophye i.e. it is dependent on gametophytes for food, water and habitat.

II. All the bryophyte includes in this class are shaped like liver, so they are known as liverworts.III. Plant body of this group is thallus like. Rhizoids and scales are present on thallus. Rhozoids are

unicellular and unbranched. Scales are multicellular.IV. In this class formation of spores and nurse cells takes place by the cells of endothecium. Cells of

amphithecium from only wall of saprophyte.V. The saprophytes of liverworts is made up of capsule

VI.VII.