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Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba3 PHENIX preliminary annihilation compton scattering Bremsstrahlung (energy loss) prompt photon v 2 = 0 v 2 < 0 thermal photon v 2 > 0 Jet-frag. photon from the survived parton v 2 > 0 direct photon as a probe of bulk matter consistent with prompt photon production, but we are free to speculate. QM06
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Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 1
Heavy flavor collective flow measurements at RHIC
ShinIchi Esumi
Univ. of Tsukuba
In collaboration with : H. Huang, Y. Miake, S. Sakai, N. Xu, Y. Zhang
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 2
x
z
Non-central Collisions
locally thermal
Radial Collective Expansion
Analysis of Collectivity in Heavy Ion Collisions
Radial Flow
Elliptic and DirectedFlow
boost
coalescence/hydro jet suppression/geometry
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 3
PHENIX preliminary
annihilationcompton scattering
Bremsstrahlung (energy loss)prompt photon v2 = 0
v2 < 0thermal photon v2 > 0
Jet-frag. photon from the survived partonv2 > 0
direct photon as a probe of bulk matter
consistent with prompt photon production,
but we are free to speculate.
QM06
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 4
STAR preliminary
v2 scaling with mT-m + number of quark
v2
pT (GeV/c)
RQMD Au+Au 200GeVFeng Liu, QM06
No separation in freeze-outMass effect after freeze-outFeed down effect maskedLow pT part squeezed Scaling in RQMD
mass
mT sl
ope
A+A
p+p
radial flow QM06
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 5
Ne : inclusive electron yield
material amounts : 0
1.1% 1.7%
Dalitz : 0.8% X0 equivalent
0
With converterConversion in converter
W/O converter
0.8%
Non-photonic
Conversion from known material
? %
Photonic
cocktail method converter method
eID with RICH
B.G. BG subtracted
energy – momentum matching Method
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 6
Non-photonic electron spectra and RAA
nucl-ex/0611018
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 7
Non-photonic electron RAA vs pT (centrality dependence)
QM06
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 8
π v2 nucl-ex/0608033
Estimation of photonic electron v2sim
ulationsubtraction
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 9
v2incl. =
Nnon-ph. v2non-ph. + Nphot. v2
phot.
Nnon-ph. + Nphot.
Non-photonic electron v2
QM06
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 10
centrality dependence of non-photonic electron v2 compared with hadrons PH
ENIX R
UN
2 PH
ENIX R
UN
4
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 11
hint #0 of charm quark collectivity
STARnucl-ex/0611018
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 12
u/d/(s) quarks v2
c quark v2
quark pT (GeV/c)
quar
k v 2
Shingo preliminary
D meson v2
D m
eson
v2
pT (GeV/c)
PHENIX preliminary data
electron v2 fromD meson decay
v2D(pT) ~ v2q(pT*1/6) + v2c(pT*5/6)
Estimation of D-meson and charm quark v2 (I)
SQM06
v2 shape assumption for D-mesonmagnitude fitted to minimize 2
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 13
minimum resultD->e
2
4
1
2 minimum : a = 1, b = 0.96 (2/ndf = 22/27)
v2(u,d,s) ~ v2(c)
universal v2 (pT) for quark
v2(pT) ~ 2*v2q(pT*1/2) v2p(pT) ~ 3*v2q(pT*1/3) v2D(pT) ~ v2q(pT*1/6) + v2q(pT*5/6)
Simultaneous fitting of /K/p/e v2
Estimation of D-meson and charm quark v2
(II)
QM06
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 14
Does it follow the scaling with other hadrons? This is when we assume D meson v2 has same pT dependence as proton. This is at the lower limit of D meson v2 from the previous page 12. We can not rule out that D-meson flowing with other hadrons.Quark mass difference is neglected here. (nq=2)
QM06
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 15
HP06
Estimation of B-meson contribution
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 16
HP06
combination of D- and B-meson
We need to increase B contribution further more even with v2b=0.It will be more difficult to explain RAA .
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 17
HP06
D meson only (b/c=0) case : no-bottom at allCharm v2 reduction at high pT is preferred.
electron v2 from D-meson alone with v2 reduction at high pT
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 18
Pythia D-meson decay
electron pT
D-m
eson
pT
case 1
case 2
input D-meson v2
output electron v2
input D-meson v2
output electron v2
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
iteration
Difference between expected and output electron v2 is used to feed back the input D-meson v2 without shape assumption.
Slight difference in feed back procedure and expected electron v2 between case1 and case2.
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 19
case 1 case 2
electron v2 from D-meson alone without assumption in D-meson v2 shape
input pythia D-meson v2
output pythia electron v2expected electron v2(parameterized by experimental data)
v2
pT (GeV/c)
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 20
AuAu Central charm hadron
AuAu Central , K, p
AuAu Central strangeness hadron
SQM06, Yifei Zhang
hint #1 of charm quark collectivity
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 21
N. Xu, SQM 2006, PHENIX (, K, p, J/): PRC69, 034909(04), QM05; STAR (, , ): QM05
RHIC
SPS SPS
hint #2 of charm quark collectivity
PHENIX J/
PBM et. al. QM06
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 22
hint #3 of charm quark collectivity
QM06
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 23
heavy flavor tracker, silicon vertex detectordirect measurement D meson v2
new reaction plane detectorgood resolution => reduce error from R.P. J/ψ v2 & high pT non-photonic electron v2
Reaction plane detector for PHENIX
Heavy Flavor Tracker for STARVertex Tracker, Forward
Calorimeter for PHENIX
Heavy Flavor Workshop, Beijing, China, 2006.11.22 ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba 24
Summary
Charm quark shows collectivity at RHIC.