Heat Stress Lessons Learned and Reducing the Impact 134 Call Hall Manhattan, KS 66560-1600...
If you can't read please download the document
Heat Stress Lessons Learned and Reducing the Impact 134 Call Hall Manhattan, KS 66560-1600 785-532-1207 [email protected] Dr. Micheal Brouk OABP Spring Meeting
Heat Stress Lessons Learned and Reducing the Impact 134 Call
Hall Manhattan, KS 66560-1600 785-532-1207 [email protected] Dr.
Micheal Brouk OABP Spring Meeting April 13 & 14, 2011 Guelph,
Ontario
Slide 2
Background and Experience Family farm in Missouri - Crop
production 20 years service to feed industry and university
Currently Associate Professor & Extension Dairy Specialist
General nutritionist KSU Dairy 28.901 lb/cow rolling herd milk
production 989 lb/fat per cow 861 lb/protein per cow
Slide 3
Slide 4
15 to 20 pound drop each summer !!!! How long does it
last?
Slide 5
Average Daily Milk NY Holstein Herds
Slide 6
Effective Temperature Air Temperature Relative Humidity Air
Movement Solar Radiation Buffington, 1983
Slide 7
Heat Stress Reduce Feed Intake Increased Water Intake Increased
Respiration Rate Increased Evaporated Water Loss Increased Body
Temperature Changes in Metabolic Rate & Hormones Reduced Milk
and Reproduction Armstrong & Welchert, 1994
Slide 8
Methods to Reduce Heat Stress Shade Fans Misting Evaporative
Zone Air conditioning
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Slide 17
Cost Vs. Quality If you can see your shadow, spend more
money!!!
Slide 18
Absorption of Solar Radiation 5450 BTU/Hr 84 o F & 21%
HumidityTHI = 73 (Armstrong and Hillman, 1998)
Slide 19
Shade Design Orientation North-South Allows shade to travel 38
- 50 ft 2 /cow) 11.5 - 14.5 ft tall Material Cost Vs Shade Quality
Useful Life
Slide 20
Where to Shade? Holding Pen Resting Area Feed Area Order is
important!!!!!!
Effect of Sprinkling Frequency and Supplemental Air Movement on
Respiration Rate KSU Cow Comfort Consortium 2001 (Brouk, M.J., J.F.
Smith and J.P. Harner, III)
Slide 23
Effect of Sprinkling Frequency and Fan Cooling on Udder Skin
Temperature KSU Cow Comfort Consortium 2001 (Brouk, M.J., J.F.
Smith and J.P. Harner, III)
Slide 24
Message for conventional barns Cooling is a combination of
Soaking cycles u Temperature Dependent Increased Frequency of
soaking with increased temperature Increased air movement
Slide 25
Slide 26
Holding Pen Factors Duration 2x (1hr)3x (.75 hr)4x (.5 hr)
Density Increase in Heat Load Rapid increase in body temperature
Cooling effective u Decreased Body Temperature 3 o F u Increased
Milk 1.75 lb/c/d (Wiersma & Armstrong, 1983)
Slide 27
Holding Pen Cooling Fans 1000 ft 3 /min/cow 30-36 inch =10,000
- 12,000 cfm) 1 per 10 cows or 150 ft 2 Spacing Holding Pen Width
24 ft u Perpendicular to cows u 6-8 ft u Rows 20 ft (36 in) or 40
ft (48 in) Harner, 1999
Slide 28
Sprinklers Wet the Cow Dry the Cow Prevent Excess Water Design
0.03 gal/ft 2 8 x 8 ft grid Water Hose Harner, 1999
Slide 29
Slide 30
Slide 31
2000 Study 36 Fan over stalls & feedline 36 Fan over
feedline