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7/23/2019 Health & Safety Plan - Master Short
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CHAPTER 1
INJURY AND ILLNESS PREVENTION PROGRAM
Written Plan
Every employer should have a written Injury and Illness Prevention plan. This is
our plan. Please read it carefully. While no plan can guarantee an accident free
workplace, following the safety procedures set forth in this manual will significantly
reduce the risk of danger to you and your co-workers. Thank you for all our safety.
Introd!tion to Or Pro"ra#.
tate and federal law, as well as company policy, make the safety and health of
our employees the first consideration in operating our !usiness. afety and health in our
!usiness must !e a part of every operation, and every employees" responsi!ility at all
levels. It is the intent of Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. to comply with all laws
concerning the operation of the !usiness and the safety and health of our employees and
the pu!lic.
To do this, we must constantly !e aware of conditions in all work areas that can
produce or lead to injuries. #o employee is re$uired to work at a jo! known to !e unsafe
or dangerous to their health. %our cooperation in detecting ha&ards, reporting dangerous
conditions and controlling workplace ha&ards is a condition of employment. Inform your
supervisor immediately of any situation !eyond your a!ility or authority to correct.
Employees will not !e disciplined or suffer any retaliation for reporting a safety violation
in good faith.
Sa$et% &ir't Priorit%
The personal safety and health of each employee is of primary importance.
Prevention of occupationally induced injuries and illnesses is of such conse$uence that it
will !e given precedence over operating productivity. To the greatest degree possi!le,
management will provide all mechanical and physical protection re$uired for personal
safety and health, !ut our employees must !ear primary responsi!ility for working safely.
' little common sense and caution can prevent most accidents from occurring.
Indi(idal Coo)eration Ne!e''ar%
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. maintains a safety and health program
conforming to the !est practices of our field. To !e successful, such a program must
em!ody proper attitudes towards injury and illness prevention on the part of supervisors
and employees. It re$uires the cooperation in all safety and health matters, not only of the
employer and employee, !ut !etween the employee and all co-workers. *nly through
such a cooperative effort can a safety program in the !est interest of all !e esta!lished and
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preserved. afety is no accident think safety and the jo! will !e safer.
Sa$et% Pro"ra# Goal'
The o!jective of Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. is a safety and health program
that will reduce the num!er of injuries and illnesses to an a!solute minimum, not merelyin keeping with, !ut surpassing the !est e(perience of similar operations !y others. *ur
goal is &ero accidents and injuries.
Sa$et% Poli!% State#ent
It is the policy of Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. that accident prevention shall
!e considered of primary importance in all phases of operation and administration. It is
the intention of Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc."s management to provide safe and
healthy working conditions and to esta!lish and insist upon safe practices at all times !y
all employees. The prevention of accidents is an o!jective affecting all levels of our company and its operations. It is, therefore, a !asic re$uirement that each supervisor
make the safety of all employees an integral part of his or her regular management
function.
It is e$ually the duty of each employee to accept and follow esta!lished safety
regulations and procedures. Every effort will !e made to provide ade$uate training to
employees. owever, if an employee is ever in dou!t a!out how to do a jo! or task safely,
it is his or her duty to ask a $ualified person for assistance. Employees are e(pected to
assist management in accident prevention activities. nsafe conditions must !e reported
immediately. /ellow employees that need help should !e assisted.
Everyone is responsi!le for the housekeeping duties that pertain to their jo!s.
Every injury that occurs on the jo!, even a slight cut or strain, must !e reported to
management and0or 1esponsi!le afety *fficer as soon as possi!le. nder no
circumstances, e(cept emergency trips to the hospital, should an employee leave the work
site without reporting an injury. When you have an accident, everyone is hurt. Please
work safely. afety is everyone"s !usiness.
Sa$et% Rle' $or All E#)lo%ee'
It is the policy of Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. that everything possi!le will !e
done to protect you from accidents, injuries, and0or occupational disease while on the jo!.
afety is a cooperative undertaking re$uiring an ever-present safety consciousness on the
part of every employee. If an employee is injured, positive action must !e taken promptly
to see that the employee receives ade$uate treatment. #o one likes to see a fellow
employee injured !y an accident. Therefore, all operations must !e planned to prevent
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accidents. To carry out this policy, the following rules will apply3
o +. 'll employees shall follow the safe practices and rules contained in this manual
and such other rules and practices communicated on the jo!.
o 2. 'll employees shall report all unsafe conditions or practices to the proper
authority, including the supervision on the project, and, if corrective action is not
taken immediately, a government authority with proper jurisdiction over such
practices.
o 4. The 1* shall !e responsi!le for implementing these policies !y insisting that
employees o!serve and o!ey all rules and regulations necessary to maintain a safe
workplace and safe work ha!its and practices.
o 5. 6ood housekeeping must !e practiced at all times in the work area.
o 7. uita!le clothing and footwear must !e worn at all times. Personal protection
e$uipment 8hardhats, respirators, eye protection9 will !e worn whenever needed.
o :. 'll employees will participate in a safety meeting conducted !y their supervisor
once every ten working days.o ;. 'nyone under the influence of into(icating li$uor or drugs, including
prescription drugs which may impair motor skills and judgment, shall not !e
allowed on the jo!.
o <. orseplay, scuffling, and other acts which tend to have an adverse influence on
safety or well-!eing of other employees are prohi!ited.
o =. Work shall !e well-planned and supervised to avoid injuries in the handling of
heavy materials and while using e$uipment.
o +>. #o one shall !e permitted to work while the employee"s a!ility or alertness is
impaired !y fatigue, illness, or other causes that it might e(pose the employee or others to injury.
o ++. There will !e no consumption of li$uor or !eer on the jo!.
o +2. Employees should !e alert to see that all guards and other protective devices
are in proper places and adjusted, and shall report deficiencies to the 1*.
o +4. Employees shall not handle or tamper any electrical e$uipment, machinery, or
air or water lines in a manner not within the scope of their duties, unless they have
received specific instructions.
o +5. 'll injuries shall !e reported to the 1* so that arrangements can !e made for
medical or first aid treatment.
o +7. When lifting heavy o!jects, use the large muscles of the leg instead of the
small muscles of the !ack.
o +:. ?o not throw things, especially materials and e$uipment. ?ispose of all waste
properly and carefully. )end all e(posed nails so they do not hurt anyone
removing the waste.
o +;. ?o not wear shoes with thin or torn soles.
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Re')on'i*le Sa$et% O$$i!er
In accordance with Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc."s safety and injury
prevention, the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer has the responsi!ility and authority to do the
following3
+. ?evelop and implement rules of safe practices for each function with the company.
2. ?evelop and implement safe operating rules for use of electrical and mechanical
e$uipment consistent with manufacturer"s recommendations and specifications.
4. ?evelop and implement a system to encourage employees to report unsafe conditions
immediately.
5. @onduct a thorough investigation of each accident, whether or not it results in injury, to
determine the cause of the accident and to prevent recurrence. In cases of known injury
accident, the investigation shall proceed only after consultation with Engr. 'le(ander ).
Trillana Inc. attorneys, who shall direct the investigation 8the product of which
investigation shall !e considered the work product of the attorney.
7. Instruct supervisors in safety responsi!ilities.
:. ?evelop and implement a program of employee safety education.
;. @onduct scheduled and unscheduled inspections to identify and correct unsafe working
conditions. pecial attention shall !e given to notice of serious concealed dangers.
<. Aaintain records or training, periodic inspections, corrective actions, and
investigations as re$uired !y law.
Dtie'
*verall responsi!ility and authority for implementing the injury and illness prevention
program is vested in the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer. 's part of the jo!, the 1esponsi!le
afety *fficer will supplement this written injury and illness prevention program !y3
+. Esta!lishing workplace o!jectives and safety recognition programs
2. Working with all government officials in !oth accident investigation and safety
inspection procedures
4. Aaintaining safety and individual training records
5. Encouraging reporting of unsafe conditions and promoting a safe workplace.
ome of these responsi!ilities will !e delegated to your immediate supervisor for
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implementation.
E#)lo%ee Co#)lian!e
This written plan contains incentives designed to promote employee participation in the
safety program. These incentives are not part of your regular compensation and are not
intended to discourage you from reporting accidents.
A"ree#ent to Parti!i)ate
Every employer is re$uired to provide a safe and healthful workplace. Engr.
Alexander B. Trillana Inc. is committed to fulfilling this re$uirement. ' safe and healthful
workplace is one of the highest priorities of Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. The
information in this manual constitutes a written injury and illness prevention program.
While Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. cannot anticipate every workplace ha&ard thefollowing general principles should guide your conduct.
To !e safe, you must never stop !eing safety conscious. tudy the guidelines
contained in this manual. ?iscuss the workplace situation with the 1*. 'ttend all
company sponsored training and safety meetings. 1ead all posters and warnings. Bisten
to instructions carefully. /ollow the @ode of afe Workplace Practices contained herein.
Participate in accident investigations as re$uested. 'ccept responsi!ility for the safety of
others. Aaintain all re$uired documentations. )y signing the acknowledgement at the end
of this hand!ook, each employee promises to read and implement this injury and illness
prevention program. If you don"t understand any policy, please ask your supervisor.
A!!ident+&ree Wor,)la!e
To help us all meet our goal of an accident-free workplace, we have instituted a
contest we will offer a pri&e for each month in which there is not a single time-loss
accident at work. The pri&e will !e awarded at random. Each month, the pri&e will !e
announced in advance. 'll employees who worked +> hours in the month are eligi!le.
/ailure to report an industrial injury will suspend the pri&e for two months.
Sa$et% Conte't A-ard'
To recogni&e the importance of safety, Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. will award a
safety !onus !ased upon the following criteria3
+. #o time-loss accident.
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2. uccessfully passed periodic workplace safety inspections.
4. 'ctive participation in the company safety discussions.
5.'ctive participation in safety suggestion program.
7. *ther factors indicating a concern for safety.
The award and time period will !e announced in regular safety meetings or posted with
the regular safety communications.
E#)lo%ee Sa$et% S""e'tion .o/
/rom time to time, Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. will award a pri&e for the !est
suggestion. To !e eligi!le, please give your written safety suggestion to your supervisor
during the safety meetings. 'll these safety suggestions will !e discussed at the meeting.
The supervisor whose employee wins the !est safety suggestion will also !e given a
pri&e. The group that consistently has the !est safety suggestions will also !e recogni&ed.
Aanagement is the sole judge of the value of safety suggestions, and will implement as
many of the good suggestions as possi!le.
Trainin"
Employee safety training is another re$uirement of an effective injury and illness
prevention program. While Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. !elieves in skills training, we
also want to emphasi&e safety training. 'll employees should start the safety training !y
reading this manual and discussing any pro!lems or safety concerns with your direct
supervisor. %ou may wish to make notes in the margins of this manual where it applies to
your work.
Sa$et% and Healt0 Trainin"
Training is one of the most important elements of any injury and illness
prevention program. uch training is designed to ena!le employees to learn their jo!s
properly, !ring new ideas to the workplace, reinforce e(isting safety policies and put the
injury and illness prevention program into action. Training is re$uired for !oth
supervision and employees alike. The content of each training session will vary, !ut each
session will attempt to teach the following3
a9 The success of Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc."s injury and illness prevention program
depends on the actions of individual employees as well as commitment !y the @ompany.
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!9 Each employee"s immediate supervisor will review the safe work procedures uni$ue to
that employee"s jo!, and how these safe work procedures protect against risk and danger.
c9 Each employee will learn when personal protective e$uipment is re$uired or necessary,
and how to use and maintain the e$uipment in good condition.
d9 Each employee will learn what to do in case of emergencies occurring in the
workplace. upervisors are also vested with special duties concerning the safety of
employees.
The supervisors are key figures in the esta!lishment and success of Engr.
Alexander B. Trillana Inc."s injury and illness prevention program. They have primary
responsi!ility for actually implementing the injury and illness prevention program,
especially as it relates directly to the workplace. upervisors are responsi!le for !eing
familiar with safety and health ha&ards to which employees are e(posed, how to
recogni&e them, the potential effects of these ha&ards, and rules and procedures for
maintaining a safe workplace. upervisors shall convey this information to the employees
at the workplace, and shall investigate accidents according to the accident investigation
policies contained in this manual.
Periodi! Sa$et% Trainin" Meetin"'
Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. has safety meetings very + month. The purpose
of the meeting is to convey safety information and answer employee $uestions. The
format of most meetings will !e to review, in language understanda!le to every
employee, the content of the injury prevention program, special work site ha&ards,
serious concealed dangers, and material safety data sheets. Each week, the 1* will
review a portion of the company"s safe work practices contained in this !ooklet, or other
safety related information.
Whenever a new practice or procedure is introduced into the workplace, it will !e
thoroughly reviewed for safety. ' sign-up sheet will !e passed around each meeting, and
notes of the meeting will !e distri!uted afterwards. ' copy of the notes will also !e
placed in the file of each employee who attends the meeting. Employee attendance is
mandatory and is compensa!le unless part of an official state approved training program
or pre-employment re$uirement.
E#)lo%ee Re')on'i*ilit% $or Trainin"
Teaching safety is a two-way street. Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. can preach
safety, !ut only employees can practice safety. afety education re$uires employee
participation. Every + month, a meeting of all employees will !e conducted for the
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purpose of safety instruction. The employees will discuss the application of the
@ompany"s injury and illness prevention program to actual jo! assignments. They will
also read and discuss a section of the manual and review application of general safety
rules to specific situations3
#o employee should undertake a jo! that appears to !e unsafe.
#o employee is e(pected to undertake a jo! until he0she has received ade$uate
safety instruction, and is authori&ed to perform the task.
#o employee should use chemicals without fully understanding their to(ic
properties and without the knowledge re$uired to work with chemicals safely.
Aechanical guards must !e kept in place.
Employees must report any unsafe conditions to the jo! site supervisor and the
1esponsi!le afety *fficer.
'ny work-related injury or illness must !e reported to the management at once.
Personal protective e$uipment must !e used when and where re$uired. 'll such
e$uipment must !e properly maintained.
Co##ni!ation
Employers should communicate to employees their commitment to safety and to
make sure that employees are familiar with the elements of the safety program. Engr.
'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. communicates with its employees orally, in the form of directions and statements from your supervisor, written, in the form of directives and this
manual, and !y e(ample. If you see a supervisor or management do something unsafe,
please tell that person. We sometimes forget actions speak louder than words.
A!!ident Pre(ention Poli!%
Each employee has a personal responsi!ility to prevent accidents. %ou have a
responsi!ility to your family, to your fellow workers and to the @ompany. %ou will !e
e(pected to o!serve safe practice rules and instructions relating to the efficient handling
of your work. %our responsi!ilities include the following3
Incorporate safety into every jo! procedure. #o jo! is done efficiently unless it
has !een done safely.
Cnow and o!ey safe practice rules.
Cnow that disciplinary action may result from a violation of the safety rules.
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1eport all injuries immediately, no matter how slight the injury may !e.
@aution fellow workers when they perform unsafe acts.
?on"t take chances.
'sk $uestions when there is any dou!t concerning safety.
?on"t tamper with anything you do not understand.
1eport all unsafe conditions or e$uipment to your supervisor immediately.
A!!ident Pre(ention Poli!% Po'tin"
' copy of this manual will !e posted in the work area. It is the policy of Engr.
Alexander B. Trillana Inc. to provide a safe and clean workplace and to maintain sound
operating practices. @oncentrated effort shall produce safe working conditions and result
in efficient, productive operations. afeguarding the health and welfare of our employees
cannot !e stressed too strongly. 'ccident prevention is the responsi!ility of all of us.
?epartment heads and supervisors at all levels shall !e responsi!le for continuous
efforts directed toward the prevention of accidents. Employees are responsi!le for
performing their jo!s in a safe manner. The o!servance of safe and clean work practices,
coupled with ongoing compliance of all esta!lished safety standards and codes, will
reduce accidents and make our @ompany a !etter place to work.
La*orMana"e#ent Sa$et% Co##ittee
' safety committee has !een esta!lished to help implement Engr. Alexander B.
Trillana Inc."s injury prevention program. The committee shall meet regularly, !ut not
less than once every three months. Written notes of all afety @ommittee meetings shall
!e availa!le and distri!uted to all employees and shall !e maintained for three years.
The afety @ommittee will periodically inspect the work areas and review
production and safety programs and practices. The @ommittee also reviews investigations
of occupational accidents and causes of incidents resulting in occupational injury, illness
or e(posure to ha&ardous su!stances, and where appropriate, su!mit suggestions to
prevent future accidents. The @ommittee encourages and reviews employee safety
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suggestions, initiates investigations of ha&ardous conditions or unsafe workplaces, and
upon re$uest from *', verifies a!atement action taken in reaction to health and safety
citations.
Sa$et% Co##ittee'
' afety @ommittee made up of hourly employees and management has !een
esta!lished. The @ommittee will conduct regular meetings, keep minutes and make
regular inspection of machinery, e$uipment, appliances and working conditions. 'ny
conditions found unsafe !y the afety @ommittee shall !e corrected or repaired
immediately.
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. recogni&es that cooperative effort is re$uired to
ensure a safe operation. /or this reason, the @ompany has esta!lished a afety @ommittee
composed of employees and management representatives. It is the duty of this committee
to cooperate to maintain safe working conditions throughout the @ompany, to advise and
educate employees in safe working practices, to investigate accidents and their causes,
and to seek preventive measures.
Aeetings are held at least once each month to consider the regular monthly
inspection reports, make recommendations for improvements of conditions, review and
analy&e accident reports, and to attend to any other !usiness involving safety. If you
would like to !ecome part of the afety @ommittee, now or in the future, please let the
1esponsi!le afety *fficer know of your interest.
' committee of five regular employees selected !y the crew to meet periodically
with management to discuss safety and other pro!lems, which may occur in the work
area. In the event pro!lems or $uestions do arise or in the event an employee feels unsure
of his0her jo! re$uirements or performance, the following steps are to !e followed3
/irst, take the pro!lem up with the supervisor or department head. If, after discussion, the
pro!lem remains unresolved, use tep ).
'fter discussing the pro!lem with your crew representative, you and the crew
representative should take the matter up with the superintendent. If you and the crew
representative are still not satisfied, the matter will then !e referred to the @ommittee for
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disposition at the ne(t regular meeting or at a special meeting, if such special meeting is
deemed necessary.
'll decisions arrived at !y the @ommittee in tep ), will !e su!ject to review !y the
Personnel ?irector of Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. The review will ensure the rules,
regulations and procedures of this manual are !eing followed and that the policy of Engr.
'le(ander ). Trillana Inc .is followed. %our $uestion, complaint or grievance will !e
e(amined, considered and answered after a full investigation has !een conducted.
Sa$et% Meetin"'
Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc.has safety meetings every + month. The purpose
of the meeting is to convey safety information and answer employee $uestions. The
format of most meetings will !e to review, in language understanda!le to every
Employee, the content of the injury prevention program, special worksite ha&ards, serious
concealed dangers and material safety data sheets. Each week, the 1* will review a
portion of the company"s safe work practices contained in this !ooklet or other safety
related information essential to accomplish the goals of the program. Engr. Alexander B.
Trillana Inc. re$uires all its employees to accept responsi!ility for their own safety, as
well as that of others in the workplace. It is your responsi!ility to read this manual and to
!ecome familiar with the @ode of afe Work Practices and pecific afety 1ules
contained in this manual, as well as any posted government afety *rders.
Sa$et% Co##ittee'
The afety @ommittee, composed of an e$ual num!er of employees and
management representatives, has !een esta!lished to study the safety of all operating
methods and practices. ' list of names of committee mem!ers is posted on the
employee"s !ulletin !oard. The afety @ommittee will meet at least once a month, and
may take time to perform its duties without loss of pay. Each safety committee mem!er
shall serve at least a one year term, and shall implement and evaluate the employer"s
injury and illness prevention program. The @ommittee evaluates all accident reports,
employee ha&ardous situation report and makes recommendations for improving safety.
In addition, the committee will present programs periodically to educate and train
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employees in safety aspects of the facility. afety meetings for all employees will !e held
periodically. The afety @ommittee will make decisions !y majority vote, develop a
written agenda, and maintain written minutes of every meeting. The afety @ommittee
invites all employees who have a specific concern a!out company safety to address the
committee at its ne(t regular meeting. owever, if you have a concern that demands
more immediate attention, you may present the pro!lem to a mem!er of the committee at
any time. The committee will assure that your concern receives immediate attention. If
you would like to serve on the committee, contact your supervisor.
Ha2ard Identi$i!ation and A*ate#ent
This written health and safety plan sets out a system for identifying workplace
ha&ards and correcting them in a timely fashion. Please review it carefully with your
supervisor. 1emem!er, safety is everyone"s responsi!ility.
Sa$et% Adit'
The !est method to esta!lish a safer workplace is to study past accidents worker
compensation complaints. )y focusing on past injuries, Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc.
hope to avoid similar pro!lems in the future. Therefore, whenever there is an accident,
and in many cases upon review of past accidents, you may !e re$uested to participate in a
safety audit interview. ?uring the interview, there will !e $uestions a!out the nature of
the investigation and the workplace safety related to the incident. Please answer these
$uestions honestly and completely. 'lso please volunteer any personal o!servations
and0or suggestions for improved workplace safety.
)ased upon the study of past accidents and industry recommendations, a safety-
training program has !een implemented. In addition to other preventative practices, there
will !e a group discussion of the cause of the accident and methods to avoid the types of
accidents and injury situations e(perienced in the past. Work rules will !e reviewed and
modified !ased upon the study of these accidents.
In addition to historical information, workplace safety depends on workplace
o!servation. %our supervisor is responsi!le for inspecting your working area daily !efore
and while you are working, !ut this does not mean you are no longer responsi!le for
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inspecting the workplace also. Each day, !efore you !egin work, inspect the area for any
dangerous conditions. Inform your supervisor of anything significant, so other employees
and guests are advised.
%ou may also !e given written communications regarding unsafe conditions andconcealed dangers. 1eview this communications carefully and adjust your workplace
!ehavior to avoid any dangers or ha&ards. If you are unclear or unsure of the significance
of this written communication, contact your supervisor and review your planned actions
!efore starting to work. It is !etter to wait and check, than to go ahead and possi!ly cause
an injury to yourself and others.
Aanagers must provide written notice to employees of any serious concealed
dangers to either *' or an appropriate administrative agency within fifteen days, or
immediately if such danger would cause imminent harm, unless the danger is a!ated.
Aerely identifying the pro!lems is not sufficient. The danger must !e reported to the
appropriate supervisor and the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer, who then will correct the
pro!lem. If the danger cannot !e corrected, then all employees will !e warned to take
protective action so that the danger will not result in any injuries.
Wor,)la!e In')e!tion'
In addition to the e(amination of records, workplace safety inspections will occur
periodically every + month, when conditions change, or when a new process or procedure
is implemented. ?uring these inspections, there will !e a review of the injury and illness
prevention policy and Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc."s code of safe work practices.
A!!ident In(e'ti"ation
' primary tool used !y Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. to identify the areas
responsi!le for accidents is a thorough and properly completed accident investigation.
The results of each investigation will !e reduced to writing and su!mitted for review !y
management and Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc."s insurance risk management advisors,
and, if the accident resulted in serious injury, to @ompany attorneys. If the accident
resulted in serious injury, the procedure will !e directed !y the attorneys to provide the
most relia!le evidence or description legally permissi!le.
'll investigations pursuant to the directions of legal counsel will !e protected !y
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all applica!le privileges, if any. The attorney will provide more detail on this topic during
the investigation. Every jo! location will have on site at least one camera, prefera!ly
either video or si(ty second type, with enough film to take pictures immediately after any
occurrence. ome workplaces will have a video camera. ' written report should !e
prepared from notes and diagrams made at the scene, or a porta!le ?ictaphone will !e
used to record direct eyewitness statements as near to the actual time of o!servation as
possi!le.
'll statements should include the time and date given, and the town or county
where the statement was made. If the statement is intended to !e used in court
proceedings, a suita!le jurat is re$uired, otherwise a simple statement that the description
is sworn to !e true under penalty of perjury with the date, place and time should !e
included. 'll pictures should !e similarly identified. Bet people know on tape that they
are !eing recorded.
'lso, make sure that the names and addresses and day and evening phone
num!ers of all eyewitnesses are noted or recorded. If a formal police report or other official investigation is conducted !y any government agency, get the name and !adge
num!er of the official, or a !usiness card, and find out when a copy of the official report
will !e availa!le to the pu!lic.
If you are re$uested to make a statement, you have the right to have the @ompany
lawyer attend your statement at no cost to you. ' satisfactory accidents report will answer
the following $uestions3
What happenedD The investigation report should !egin !y descri!ing the accident,
the injury sustained, the eyewitnesses, the date, time, and location of the incident
and the date and time of the report. 1emem!er, who, what, when, where and how
are the $uestions that the report must answer.
Why did the accident occurD The ultimate cause of the accident may not ne
known for several days after all the data are analy&ed. owever, if an o!vious
cause suggests itself, include your conclusions as a hypothesis at the time you
give your information to the person in charge of the investigation.
What should !e doneD *nce a report determines the cause of the accident, it
should suggest a method for avoiding future accidents of similar a similar
character. This is a decision !y the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer and the supervisor
on the project, as well as top management. *nce a solution has !een adopted, it is
everyone"s responsi!ility to implement it. What has !een doneD ' follow-up report will !e issued after a reasona!le amount
of time to determine if the suggested solution was implemented, and if so,
whether the likelihood of accident has !een reduced.
Re!ord'
Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. maintains records of employee training, ha&ard
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identification and a!atement, and accident investigation.
OSHA Re!ord' Re3ired
@opies of re$uired accident investigation and certification of employee safety
training shall !e maintained !y the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer. ' written report will !emaintained on each accident, injury or on-the-jo! illness re$uiring medical treatment. '
record of such injury or illness is recorded on *' Bog and ummary of *ccupational
Injuries /orm 2>> according to its instructions. upplemental records of each injury are
maintained on *' /orm +>+ or Employers 1eport of Injury or Illness /orm 7>2>.
Every year, a summary of all reported injuries or illnesses is posted no later than
/e!ruary +, for + month, until Aarch +, on *' /orm 2>>. These records are
maintained for five years from the date of preparation.
General Sa$et% Rle'
These rules set out !asic procedures to minimi&e workplace ha&ards. Please
follow them always.
General State#ent on Sa$et%
Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. strives to maintain a safe place to work and to
employ safe workers. It is your responsi!ility to conduct your work in a safe, responsi!le
manner. Immediately report all accidents occurring on @ompany premises to your
supervisor.
General State#ent on Sa$et%
It is the policy of Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. to provide and maintain a safe
workplace and safe working conditions. Employees are e(pected to perform their work in
a proper manner and to familiari&e themselves with the regulations which pertain to their
jo!s. Employees will !e e(pected to a!ide !y all regulations and instructions which may
!e prescri!ed from time to time. Please review this manual and follow its instructions.
Promptly report unsafe areas, work practices, e$uipment, and procedures so that
appropriate corrections may !e made.
General State#ent on Sa$et%
Each employee has an individual responsi!ility to prevent accidents. It is to the
!enefit of all employees and Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. if you report any situation
or condition that you !elieve may present a safety ha&ard. Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana
Inc. encourages you to report your concern either to your immediate supervisor or to a
mem!er of the afety @ommittee. The supervisor or afety @ommittee will take
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immediate action to investigate the matter.
General State#ent on Sa$et%
/amiliari&e yourself with and then follow all safety and health rules and regulations.
6eneral safety rules are3
+. *!serve all smoking and fire prevention regulations.
2. Employees with long hair, regardless of their se(, must maintain their hair in such a
way that it does not !ecome a safety ha&ard.
4. Work clothing must not present a safety ha&ard. horts, loose or !ulky clothing is not
permitted.
5. @anvas or soft leather shoes will not !e allowed. Work !oots or shoes must !e worn.
afety toe shoes are highly recommended.
7. Protective head gear 8hard hats9, hearing protection, and other personal protective
e$uipment will !e worn in designated areas.
:. orseplay is prohi!ited. This includes scuffling, yelling, running, throwing tools or materials, or playing practical jokes on other employees.
;. #o fighting will !e allowed.
<. There will !e no throwing of food or paper in lunch rooms. 'll gar!age will !e placed
in a covered waste receptacle.
=. #o e$uipment will !e operated until safety guards are in place.
+>. Bock-out tags or locks shall not !e removed unless authori&ation to remove them is
given.
++. There will !e no adjustment or removal of safety devices unless authori&ation is
given.
+2. afety signs must !e o!served.
+4. #o riders will !e allowed in jitneys.
+5. ?rivers of vehicles must make daily safety inspections of their machines prior to
operation. 1eport defects immediately to the supervisor or the repair shop.
+7. Industrial injuries are to !e reported to your supervisor immediately.
+:. *rderly and clean workplaces are every employee"s responsi!ility.
+;. /ire e(tinguishers that have !een used or that have a !roken seal must !e turned in to
your supervisor.
+<. /ire hoses are to !e used for fire only.
+=. *(ygen and acetylene valves must !e turned off at the !ottle when not in use.2>. Welding rods are to !e removed from the holder when not in use.
2+. Personal vehicles are to !e parked in the designated area.
22. *!ey the posted property speed limit.
General State#ent on Sa$et%
Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. strives to eliminate ha&ards !y using safety
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devices and adhering to continuous safety education. Part of your jo! is to help prevent
accidents. nfortunately, we cannot give you an iron-clad set of rules applying to all
situations. /amiliari&e yourself with the general safety rules that are listed !elow. )e sure
to familiari&e yourself with specific set of rules for your work area as posted on the
!ulletin !oard. In the course of your work, if you see a dangerous working practice or
safety ha&ard, report it immediately.
♦ Eyes afety glasses or face shields must !e worn.
♦ ousekeeping Ceep yourself and your work area clean. ?irty and disorderly
conditions cause many accidents. 'nytime you see oil or grease on the floor, !e
sure to clean it up and report it to your supervisor immediately.
♦ @ompressed 'ir To safeguard yourself and others from the danger of flying
chips, do not use compressed air to clean off machines use a !rush. #ever direct
an air hose toward another employee, !low chips from your hands, face, or hair,
or use it in any kind of horseplay.
♦ Bifting ?o not strain to lift or push o!jects that are too heavy for you. 'sk for
help. )e sure to lift the right way !y !ending your knees, keeping your !ody erect
and then pushing yourself upward with your legs.
♦ Aachines Inspect your machine for defective or worn parts. afety guards on
your machine are installed for your protection. ?o not remove safety guards.
♦ orseplay erious accidents can result from running, throwing things, scuffling,
or playing practical jokes. ?o not indulge in horseplay during rest or lunch
periods or during work hours.
♦ @lothing Wear clothing suita!le to your jo!. 'll employees working on or
around machines must wear short-sleeved shirts or !louses.♦ hoes teel-tipped shoes must !e worn to protect feet and toes. Those handling
materials or heavy o!jects must wear proper shoes. @loth tennis shoes, sandals,
and moccasins are not permitted.
♦ 1unning 1unning on company property, particularly in aisles or on stairs, is
dangerous and not allowed.
♦ /ires )e careful with matches, cigars, and cigarettes. )e sure that they are
e(tinguished !efore you dispose of them. If you see a fire !urning in the facility,
pull down the nearest fire alarm !o(.
♦E(its E(its must always !e kept clear of o!structions.
♦ Fewelry Wearing jewelry is prohi!ited while you are in work areas.
General State#ent on Sa$et%
Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. has a sincere interest in maintaining a safe place
to work and in employing safe workers. It is your responsi!ility to conduct your work in
a safe, responsi!le manner all employees are e(pected to help keep accident to a
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minimum. 'll accidents occurring on @ompany premises and all know or concealed
dangers must !e reported to your supervisor immediately. Within +7 days after ac$uiring
knowledge of any Gserious concealed dangersH, any employee who is a manager must
report this information in writing to !oth the 8+9 ?ivision of *ccupational afety and
ealth and 829 all affected employees.
General State#ent on Sa$et%
It is the policy of Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. to provide and maintain, to the
e(tent feasi!le, a safe workplace and safe working conditions. Employees are e(pected to
perform their work in a proper manner and to familiari&e themselves with the regulations
and instructions that may !e prescri!ed from time to time. )y so doing, accidents and
their resulting costs to employees and @ompany will !e avoided. Promptly report known
or concealed dangers, unsafe areas, work practices, e$uipment, and procedures to the
1esponsi!le afety *fficer so that appropriate corrections may !e made.
General State#ent on Sa$et%
%ou are Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc."s most important asset. We want to
conduct all operations a safe manner. %our cooperation is necessary for the protection of
yourself and others. It is important that you follow safety rules that you use the
safeguards and the safety e$uipment provided and that you make safety part of your jo!.
The @ompany is covered !y the *ccupational afety and ealth 'ct, and must comply
with its re$uirements. Employees are e(pected to cooperate fully in maintaining such
compliance, including notifying your supervisor immediately of any known or concealed
dangers in your work area.
General State#ent on Sa$et%
Proper clothing shall !e worn on duty.
Boose or draped clothing is not permitted.
hort pants or knee-length type !ermudas are not permitted.
afety hats must !e worn in ha&ard areas, and whenever an overhead ha&ard
e(ists.
at may !e assigned to employees.
afety shoes are recommended, and are availa!le at @ompany cost through
payroll deduction.
Eye protection must !e worn where and when re$uired. 6oggles, face shields,
hoods, etc., will !e furnished. Prescription safety glasses are availa!le through
payroll deduction at @ompany cost with an allowance paid !y the @ompany.
earing protection is re$uired in all areas where noise level ratings e(ceed
esta!lished ma(imum e(posure availa!le. earing protection devices will !e
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furnished !y the @ompany for employees re$uired to work in areas so designated.
General State#ent on Sa$et%
Each employee has an individual responsi!ility to prevent accidents. It is to the !enefit of all employees and Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. that you report any situation
or condition you !elieve may present a safety ha&ard, including any known or concealed
dangers in your work area. Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. encourages you to report your
concern either to your immediate supervisor or to a mem!er of the afety @ommittee.
The supervisor or afety @ommittee will take immediate action to investigate the matter.
General State#ent on Sa$et%
Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. does not !elieve that Gaccidents are !ound to
happenH. Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. gives utmost consideration to the safety of our employees. We constantly strive to eliminate ha&ards using the most up-to-date safety
devices, constant inspection, and constant and continuous safety education. Part of your
jo! is to help prevent accidents. The right way to perform a jo! is the safe way We
cannot give you an ironclad set of rules applying to all situations.
/amiliari&e yourself with the general safety rules that are listed !elow. )e sure to
familiari&e yourself with your own departmental safety rules that are posted on the
!ulletin !oard in your department. When you see a dangerous practice or safety ha&ard
while working, !e sure to report it immediately to your supervisor or to a mem!er of the
Employee afety @ommittee. Eyes Protect your eyes. afety glasses or shields must !e worn.
ousekeeping - Ceep yourself and your work area clean. ?irty and disorderly
conditions cause many accidents. *ne of our most serious !ack injuries was
caused !y an employee slipping on an oil spot. 'nytime you see grease on the
floor, !e sure to report it to your supervisor immediately.
@ompressed 'ir - To safeguard yourself and others from the danger of flying
chips, do not use compressed air to clean to clean off machines use a !rush.
#ever direct an air hose toward another employee. #ever use compressed air to
!low chips you"re your hands, face or hair. '!ove all, do not !e guilty of using as
air hose for any kind of horseplay.
Bifting ?o not strain to lift or push o!jects that are too heavy for you. 'sk for
help. )e sure you lift the right way !y !ending your knees, keeping your !ody
erect and then pushing yourself upward with your legs. Aake your legs do the
work, not e your !ack.
Aachines - Inspect your machine for defective or worn parts. afety guards on
your machine are installed for your protection. ?o not remove them without your
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supervisor"s permission. #ever try to repair machines, electrical e$uipment, or
tools. ?o not attempt to clean machines while they are in operation. 1eport any
defective e$uipment to your supervisor. ?efective tools should !e e(changed for
good ones at the tool cri!.
orseplay We are not trying to dampen anyone"s spirit, !ut serious accidents
can result from running, throwing things, scuffling, or playing practical jokes.
?on"t indulge in horseplay during rest or lunch periods or during working hours.
@lothing - Wear clothing suita!le to your jo!. 'll employees working on or
around machines must wear short-sleeved shirts or !louses, e(cept those working
around high temperatures.
hoes u!stantial shoes must !e worn to protect feet and toes. Those handling
material or heavy o!jects must wear safety shoes. #o cloth tennis shoes, sandals,
or moccasins may !e worn in the plant.
1unning 1unning on @ompany property, particularly in aisles or on stairs is
dangerous and strictly prohi!ited.
/ires ' fire could !urn us all out of a jo!. )e careful with matches, cigars, and
cigarettes. )e sure that they are properly e(tinguished !efore you dispose of
them.In case of fire, the plant is protected !y an automatic sprinkler system. To
report a fire in your own department, activate the nearest fire alarm. In case of fire
in another part of the plant, do not leave your area until ordered to do so, unless
you have !een designated to handle fire e$uipment. 1emem!er to leave your
place of work in an orderly manner. se only regular e(its. E(its must always !e
clear of o!structions. Fewelry Wearing jewelry is prohi!ited.
air air nets may !e re$uired at the discretion of your supervisor.
Sa$et% E3i)#ent
Proper safety e$uipment is necessary for your protection. The @ompany provides
the !est protective e$uipment it is possi!le to o!tain. se all safety guards, safety
appliances, or devices furnished for your protection and comply with all regulations that
may concern or affect your safety. Wear your gear properly all snaps and straps
fastened, cuffed not cut or rolled. %our supervisor will advise you as to what protective
e$uipment is re$uired for your jo!.
@ertain jo!s re$uire standard safety apparel and appliances for the protection of
the employee. %our supervisor is aware of the re$uirements and will furnish you with the
necessary approved protective appliances. These items shall !e worn and effectively
maintained as a condition of your continued employment and part of our mutual
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o!ligation to comply with the *ccupational afety and ealth 'ct. afety goggles,
glasses and face shields shall correspond to the degree of ha&ard, i.e., chemical splashes,
welding flashes, impact ha&ard, dust, etc. ?o not alter or replace an approved appliance
without permission from your supervisor. 1u!!er gloves and ru!!er aprons shall !e worn
when working with acids, caustics, or other corrosive materials. pecified footwear must
!e worn. #o jewelry shall !e worn around power e$uipment. earing protection
appliances 8approved muffs or plugs9 shall !e worn !y all employees working within any
area identified as having e(cess noise levels. %our supervisor will instruct you in the
proper use of the appliance.
Prote!ti(e Clot0in"
Proper safety e$uipment is necessary for your protection. The @ompany provides
the !est protective e$uipment it is possi!le to o!tain. se all safeguards, safety
appliances, or devices furnished for your protection and carry out the regulations that
may concern or affect your safety. Wear your gear properly all snaps and strapsfastened, cuffs not cut or rolled. %our supervisor will advise you as to what protective
e$uipment is re$uired for your jo!.
Prote!ti(e Clot0in"
@ertain jo!s re$uire standard safety apparel and appliances for the protection of
the employee. %our supervisor is aware of the re$uirements and will furnish you with the
necessary approved protective appliances. These items shall !e worn and effectively
maintained as a condition of your continued employment. %our jo! re$uires you to wear
the following protective clothing3
afety goggles, glasses and face shields shall correspond to the degree of ha&ard,
i.e., chemical splashes, welding flashes, impact ha&ard, dust, etc. ?o not alter or
replace an approved appliance without permission from your supervisor.
1u!!er gloves and ru!!er aprons shall !e worn when working with acids,
caustics, or other corrosive materials.
'cid-resistant foot wear must !e worn.
Ho'e,ee)in"
6ood housekeeping not only improves the appearance of the workplace, it also
helps prevent fires, accidents and personal injuries. @lean work!enches, machines,
lockers and floors also ena!le you to maintain a high standard of $uality in your work.
/or your safety, do not leave tools, scrap, or materials piled on the floor where someone
might stum!le over them, or overhead where there is a danger of them falling.
When piling material, !e careful not to e(ceed a safe height. ?o not pile anything
in front of or against fire fighting apparatus, electrical e$uipment or drinking fountains. If
you are a machine operator, give your machine the !est possi!le care and !e alert of the
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signs of wear or faulty operations. andle tools carefully and store them so that they
cannot cause accidents.
Maintenan!e
Aaintenance is essential to safe and efficient operation. ' maintenance crew is
fully employed full-time to keep the place in order. owever, they cannot keep the plant
up to the re$uired standard of cleanliness without the cooperation of everyone. If you
notice a situation that re$uires maintenance, report it to your supervisor. If a fire !reaks
out at Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc., certain employees have volunteered to aid in
e(tinguishing the fire.
Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. recogni&es the potential risks involved in fighting
fire, and employees will !e compensated for those dangers. We do not re$uire employees
to help fight any fires employee will only !e allowed to participate after e(ecuting a
mutual release of lia!ility agreement !etween the @ompany and the employee. nless
you have !een specially trained and assigned to fight a fire, in the event of fire, you must
e(it the facility immediately, in a safe manner. Every work area will have an evacuation
diagram showing the most logical e(its. %ou should familiari&e yourself with the
diagram. /I1E ?**1 A'% #EJE1 )E B*@CE? /1*A TE I#I?E. 1eport any
o!struction to egress routes to your supervisor immediately. If the o!struction is not
cleared, send a written report to the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer.
E#er"en!ie'
It is very employee"s responsi!ility to know the locations of the first aid stations
that have !een placed throughout the facility. Instructions for use of first aid e$uipmentare located at each station. In the event of an emergency, contact the 1esponsi!le afety
*fficer 1esponsi!le or a supervisor who is trained in first aid. upervisor or employees
who are trained in first aid have a first aid em!lem on their hard hat or jacket.
S#o,in" 4 &ire Sa$et%
/ire is one of the worst enemies of the facility. Bearn the location of the fire
e(tinguishers. Bearn how to use them. %ou can help prevent fires !y o!serving the
smoking rules3
moking is not allowed at the site, e(cept in designated areas.
moking is not permitted in rest rooms.
If you are not sure where you may smoke, ask the supervisor.
&ire &i"0tin"
' fire may !reak out at a wooded location during ceryain times of the year. If
such an emergency occurs, we have asked the employees to aid the @ompany in
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e(tinguishing the fire. Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc.recogni&es the potential risks
involved in fighting fires, and employees will only !e allowed to participate upon a
mutual agreement releasing lia!ility !etween the @ompany and the employee.
S)e!ial Rle'
#o employee shall work alone on high-voltage electrical lines.
In certain areas, no employee will !e allowed to work !are-handed with wire or
electricity at all.
1u!!er or insulated gloves will !e re$uired.
Re)ortin"
'll serious accidents must !e reported to the *'. In cases of hospitali&ation or
death, a full investigation with copies to governmental authorities will !e re$uired. In less
serious cases, the investigation report must !e presented to the company for disclosure to
its insurance carrier and for remedial action at the work site.
CHAPTER 5
GENERAL CODE O& SA&E WOR6 PRACTICES
General &ire Sa$et%
*ur local fire department is well ac$uainted with our facility, its location and
specific ha&ards. 'll fire doors and shutters must !e maintained in good operating
condition. /ire doors and fire shutters should !e uno!structed and protected against
o!structions, including their counterweights. /ire doors and shutter fusi!le links must !e
in place. 'll automatic sprinkler water control valves, if any, air and water pressures
should !e checked routinely. The maintenance of automatic sprinkler systems is assigned
to the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer.
prinkler heads should !e protected !y metal guards if they could possi!ly !e
e(posed to damage. Proper clearance must !e maintained !elow sprinkler heads. Porta!le
fire e(tinguishers are provided in ade$uate num!er and type and are located throughout
the facility. /ire e(tinguishers are mounted in readily accessi!le locations. /ire
e(tinguishers are recharged regularly and the date of last inspection noted on their tags.
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'll employees are periodically instructed in the use of e(tinguishers and fire protection
procedures. #otify the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer of any damage to fire protection
e$uipment.
Po-der A!tated Tool'
The employees using powder-actuated tools must !e properly trained and will !e
issued a card as proof of that training. ome of the powder-actuated tools !eing used have
written approval of the ?ivision of *ccupational afety and ealth. @heck to see which
tools re$uire a certification and which certificates have !een issued. Each powder-
actuated tools should !e stored in its own locked container when not !eing used. igns
measuring ;H !y +>H and in !old face typed reading GP*W?E1 '@T'TE? T**BH
must !e placed conspicuously when the tool is not !eing used. 'll powder-actuated toolsmust !e left unloaded until they are actually ready to !e used. Each day !efore using,
each powder-actuated tools must have and must use appropriate personal protective
e$uipment such as hard hats, safety goggles, safety shoes and ear protectors whenever
they are using the machine.
Ma!0ine Gardin"
)efore operating any machine every employee must have completed a training
program on safe methods on machine operations. It is the primary purpose of supervision
to ensure that employees are following safe machine operating procedures.
♦ There will a regular program of safety inspection of machinery and e$uipment.
'll machinery and e$uipment must kept clean and properly maintained.
♦ There must !e sufficient clearance provided around and !etween machines to
allow for safe operations, set-up, servicing, material handling and waste removal.
♦ 'll machinery and e$uipment should !e securely placed, and anchored when
necessary, to prevent tipping or other movement that could result in personal
injury.
♦ Aost of the time machinery should !e !olted to the floor to prevent falling during
an earth$uake, and the electrical cord to the machinery fi(ed with a !reaker or
other shut-off device to stop power in case of machine movement.
♦ There must !e a power shut-off switch within reach of the operator"s position at
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each machine.
♦ Electrical power to each machine shall !e capa!le of !eing locked out for
maintenance, repair or security.
♦ The non-current carrying metal parts of electrically operated machines must !e
!onded and grounded.
♦ The foot-operated switches are guarded and0or arranged to prevent accidental
actuation !y personnel or falling o!jects.
♦ 'll manually operated valves and switches controlling the operation of e$uipment
must !e clearly identified and readily accessi!le.
♦ 'll EAE16E#@% stop !uttons are colored 1E?.
♦ 'll the pulleys and !elts which are within ; feet of the floor or working level are
properly guarded.
♦ 'll moving chains and gears must !e properly guarded.
♦ 'll splash guards mounted on machines that use coolant must !e positioned to
prevent coolant from splashing the employees.
♦ The supervisor will instruct every employee in the work area on the methods
provided to protect the operator and other employees in the machine area from
ha&ards created !y the operation of the machine, such as nip points, rotating parts,
flying chips and sparks.
♦ The machinery guards must !e secure and arranged so they do not present a
ha&ard.
♦ 'll special hand tools used for placing and removing material must protect the
operator"s hands.
♦ 'll revolving drums, !arrels and containers should !e guarded !y an enclosure
that is interlocked with the drive mechanisms, so that revolutions cannot occur
unless the guard enclosure is in place.
♦ 'll ar!ors and mandrels must have firm and secure !earing and !e free of play.
♦ ' protective mechanism has !een installed to prevent machines from
automatically starting when power is restored after a power failure or shutdown.
♦ Aachines should !e constructed so as to !e free from e(cessive vi!ration when
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the si&e tool is mounted and run at full speed.
♦ If the machine is cleaned with compressed air, the air must !e pressure controlled
and personal protective e$uipment or other safeguards used to protect operators
and other workers from eye and !odily injury.
♦ 'll fan !lades should !e protected !y a guard having openings no larger than K
inch when operating within ; feet of the floor.
♦ aws used for ripping e$uipment must !e installed with anti-kick!ack devices and
spreaders.
♦ 'll radial arms must !e arranged so that the cutting head will gently return to the
!ack of the ta!le when released.
Lo!,ot.lo!,ot Pro!edre'
'll machinery or e$uipment capa!le of movement must !e de-energi&ed or
disengaged and !locked or locked out during cleaning, servicing, adjusting or setting up
operations, whenever re$uired. The locking out of the control circuits in lieu of locking
out main power disconnects is prohi!ited. 'll e$uipment control valve handles must !e
provided with a means for locking out. The lock-out procedure re$uires that stored
energy 8i.e., mechanical, hydraulic, air9 !e released or !locked !efore e$uipment is
locked-out for repairs. 'ppropriate employees are provided with individually keyed
personal safety locks. Employees are re$uired to keep personal control of their key8s9
while they have safety locks in use. Employees must check the safety of the lockout !y
attempting a start up after making sure no one is e(posed.
Where the power disconnector does not also disconnect the electrical control
circuit, the appropriate electrical enclosures must !e identified. The control circuit can
also !e disconnected and locked out.
Weldin"7 Cttin"7 4 .ra2in"
*nly authori&ed and trained personnel are permitted to use welding, cutting or
!ra&ing e$uipment. 'll operators must have a copy of the appropriate operating
instructions and are directed to follow them. @ompressed gas cylinders should !e
regularly e(amined for o!vious signs of defects, deep rusting, or leakage.
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se care in handling and storing cylinders, safety valves, release valves and the
like to prevent damage. Precaution must !e taken to prevent mi(ture of air or o(ygen
with flamma!le gases, e(cept at a !urner or in a standard torch. *nly approved apparatus
8torches, regulators, pressure-reducing valves, acetylene generators, manifolds9 may !e
used. @ylinders must !e kept away from sources of heat. It is prohi!ited to use cylinders
as rollers or supports.
Empty cylinders must !e appropriately marked, their valves closed and valve-
protection caps on. igns reading3 ?'#6E1-#* A*CI#6, A'T@E *1 *PE#
BI6T, or e$uivalent must !e posted. @ylinders, cylinder valves, couplings, regulators,
hoses and apparatus must !e kept free of oily or greasy su!stances. @are must !e taken
not to drop or strike cylinders. nless secured on special trucks, all regulators must !e
removed and valve-protection caps put in place !efore moving cylinders. 'll cylinders
without fi(ed hand wheels must have keys, handles, or non-adjusta!le wrenches on stem
valves when in service.
Bi$uefied gases must !e stored and shipped valve-end up with valve covers in
place. )efore a regulator is removed, the valve must !e closed and the gas released from
the regulator. 'll employees are instructed never to crack a fuel-gas cylinder valve near
sources of ignition. 1ed is used to identify the acetylene 8and other fuel-gas9 hose, green
for o(ygen hose, and !lack for inert gas and air hose. 'll pressure-reducing regulators
must !e used only for the gas and pressure for which they are intended.
The open-circuit 8#o Boad9 voltage of arc welding and cutting machines must !e
as low as possi!le and not in e(cess of the recommended limits. nder wet conditions,
automatic controls for reducing no-load voltage must !e used. 6rounding of the machine
frame and safety ground connections of porta!le machines must !e checked periodically.
Electrodes must !e removed from the holders when not in use. 'll electric power to the
welder must !e shut off when no one is in attendance.
uita!le fire e(tinguishing e$uipment must !e availa!le for immediate use !efore
starting to ignite the welding torch. The welder is strictly for!idden to coil or loop
welding electrode ca!le around his0her !ody. 'll wet welding machines must !e
thoroughly dried and tested !efore !eing used. 'll work and electrode lead ca!les must
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!e fre$uently inspected for wear and damage, and replaced when needed. 'll connecting
ca!le lengths must have ade$uate insulation. When the o!ject to !e welded cannot !e
moved and fire ha&ards cannot !e removed, shields must !e used to confine heat, sparks
and slag. /ire watchers will !e assigned when welding or cutting is performed in
locations where a serious fire might develop.
'll com!usti!le floors must !e kept wet, covered !y damp sand, or protected !y
fire-resistant shields. When floors are wet down, personnel should !e protected from
possi!le electrical shock. When welding is done on metal walls, precautions must !e
taken to protect com!usti!les on the other side. )efore hot work is !egun, used drums,
!arrels, tanks and other containers must !e thoroughly cleaned that no su!stances remain
that could e(plode, ignite or produce to(ic vapors.
It is re$uired that eye protection helmets, hand shields and goggles meet
appropriate standards. Employees e(posed to ha&ards created !y welding, cutting or
!ra&ing operations must !e protected with personal protective e$uipment and clothing.
@heck for ade$uate ventilation where welding or cutting is performed. When working in
confined spaces, environmental monitoring tests should !e taken and means provided for
$uick removal of welders in case of emergency.
Co#)re''or' 4 Co#)re''ed Air
'll compressors must !e e$uipped with pressure relief valves and pressure
gauges. 'll compressor air intakes must !e installed and e$uipped to ensure that only
clean, uncontaminated air enters the compressor. Every air receiver must !e provided
with a drain pipe and valve at the lowest point for the removal of accumulated oil and
water. @ompressed air receivers must !e periodically drained of moisture and oil.
'll safety valves shall !e tested fre$uently and at regular intervals to determine
whether they are in good operating condition. ' current operating permit issued !y the
?ivision of *ccupational afety and ealth shall !e maintained. The inlet of air receivers
and piping systems must !e kept free of accumulated oil and car!onaceous materials.
Co#)re''ed Ga' 4 C%linder'
@ylinders with a water weight capacity over 4> pounds must !e e$uipped with
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means for connecting a valve protector device, or with a collar or recess to protect the
valve. @ylinders must !e legi!ly marked to identify clearly the gas contained.
@ompressed gas cylinders should !e stored only in areas which are protected from
e(ternal heat sources such as flame impingement, intense radiant heat, electric arcs or
high temperature lines. @ylinders must not !e located or stored in areas where they will
!e damaged !y passing or falling o!jects, or su!ject to tampering !y unauthori&ed
persons.
@ylinders must !e stored or transported in a manner to prevent them from creating
ha&ard !y tipping, falling or rolling. 'll cylinders containing li$uefied fuel gas must !e
stored or transported in a position so that the safety relief valve is always in direct contact
with the vapor space in the cylinder. Jalve protectors must always !e placed on cylinders
when the cylinders are not in use. 'll valves cylinders must !e closed off !efore a
cylinder is moved, when the cylinder is empty, and at the completion of each jo!. Bow-
pressure fuel-gas cylinders must !e checked periodically for corrosion, general distortion,
cracks, or any other defect that might indicate a weakness or render them unfit for
service. The periodic check of low-pressure fuel-gas cylinders includes a close inspection
of the cylinder"s !ottom.
Hoi't' 4 A/iliar% E3i)#ent
Every overhead electrical hoist shall !e e$uipped with a limit device to stop the
hook travel at its highest and lowest points of safe travel. @heck these limits without a
load to ensure the device is working correctly. Each hoist shall automatically stop and
hold any load up to +27 percent of its rated load if its actuating force is removed. @heck
this periodically under controlled conditions. Aake sure that the rated load of each hoist
is legi!ly marked and visi!le to the operator. tops should !e provided at the safe limits
of travel for trolley hoists.
The control of hoists should !e plainly marked to indicate directions of travel or
motion. Every cage-controlled hoist must !e e$uipped with an effective warning device.
@lose-fitting guards or other suita!le devices should !e installed on hoists to assure hoist
ropes will !e maintained in the sheave grooves. 'll hoist chains or ropes must !e of
sufficient length to handle the full range of movement for the application, while
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maintaining two full wraps on the drum at all times.
'll nip points or contact points !etween hoist ropes and sheaves which are
permanently located within ; feet of the floor, ground or working platform must !e
guarded. It is prohi!ited to use chains or rope slings that are kinked or twisted. The
operator should avoid carrying loads over people. *nly employees who have !een trained
in the proper use of hoists are allowed to operate them.
Ind'trial Tr!,'&or,li$t'
*nly trained personnel should !e allowed to operate industrial trucks. Bift Truck
*perating rules must !e posted and will !e strictly enforced. When operating any
industrial truck, su!stantial overhead protective e$uipment will !e provided on high lift
rider e$uipment. ?irectional lighting is also provided on each industrial truck that
operates in an area with less than 2 foot candles per s$uare foot of general lighting. Each
industrial truck must have a warning horn, whistle, gong or other device which cane !e
clearly heard a!ove the normal noise in the area where operated.
)efore using a forklift, check that the !rakes on each industrial truck are capa!le
of !ringing the vehicle to a complete and safe stop when fully loaded. The parking !rake
must effectively prevent the vehicle from moving when unattended. When motori&ed
hand and hand0rider truck are operated, and when the operator releases the steering
mechanisms, make sure that !oth the !rakes are applied and power to the motor shut off.
Aaintenance records are availa!le so that a driver can check on the servicing of the truck
in case of $uestions.
When an industrial truck operates in areas where flamma!le gases, vapors,
com!usti!le dust, or ignita!le fi!ers may !e present in the atmosphere, the vehicle must
!e approved posted on the vehicle itself. Industrial trucks with internal com!ustion
engines, operated in !uildings or enclosed areas, should !e carefully checked to ensure
that the operation of the vehicle does not cause harmful concentration of dangerous gases
or fumes.
S)ra%in" O)eration'
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In any spraying operation there should !e ade$uate ventilation !efore starting any
spraying jo!. 's to the conditions of the area where the spray jo! is to !e done,
consideration should !e taken !efore !eginning work. If the area is enclosed, does it
re$uire mechanical ventilationD )efore working, make sure that the area is free of
com!usti!le materials, and that there are G#o mokingH signs ade$uately posted and
easily seen. If mechanical ventilation is provided when spraying in enclosed areas, air
should not !e re-circulated so as to avoid contamination. There should !e ade$uate space
and ventilation for all drying areas.
'lso in an enclosed area, spray operations must !e at least 2> feet from flames,
sparks, operating electrical motors and other ignition sources. The spray area should !e
free of any hot surfaces. 'ny solvent used in the cleaning process should not have a flash
point of +>> degrees or less. If porta!le lamps are used to illuminate the spray area they
must !e approved for the location and must !e suita!le for use in a ha&ardous area.
'pproved respiratory e$uipment will !e provided and must !e used when appropriate
during spraying operations.
If a sprinkler system is within the confines of the spraying area operation, it
should !e in working order and will !e inspected semi-annually to make sure that it is in
operating condition. If a spraying !ooth is used for the spraying operation, it must !e
made of metal, masonry or other noncom!usti!le material. Aake sure that G#*
A*CI#6H signs are posted in spray areas, paint rooms, paint !ooths and paint storage
areas. The spray !ooth must !e completely ventilated. )ooth floors and !affles must !e
easily cleaned and noncom!usti!le.
?ucts and access doors must !e easily cleaned. Bighting fi(tures for !oth outside
and inside the spray !ooth must !e enclosed in clear see-through sealed panels. Electric
motors for e(haust fans must !e placed outside the !ooth. )elts and pulleys must !e
completely enclosed. ?rying apparatus should !e located in a well-ventilated area in the
!ooth and properly grounded. Infrared drying apparatus must !e kept out of the spray
during a spraying operation.
Con$ined S)a!e'
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)efore entry into a confined space, all impellers, agitators, or other moving must
!e locked-out. Jentilation must !e either natural or mechanically provided into the
confined space. 'll ha&ardous or corrosive su!stances that contain inert, to(ic, flamma!le
or corrosive materials must !e valved-off, !lanked, disconnected and separated.
'tmospheric tests must !e performed on a regular !asis in a confined area where entry is
re$uired.
The area must also !e checked for decaying vegetation or animal matter that
could produce methane. 'de$uate lighting must !e provided within the space. If the
confined area is located !elow the ground or near where motor vehicles are operating,
care must !e taken that vehicle e(haust or car!on mono(ide does not enter the space.
When personnel enter a confined area, assigned safety stand!y employees who
are alert to the work !eing done, are a!le to sound an alarm if necessary and to render
assistance, must !e in the area. These stand!y employees must !e trained to assist in
handling lifelines, respiratory e$uipment, @P1, first aid, and !e a!le to employ rescue
e$uipment that will remove the individual from the confined area. tand!y personnel
should !e in teams of two during such an operation or else within the vicinity if working
separately.
There must also !e an effective communication system utili&ed while the
operation is occurring. When e$uipment which utili&es o(ygen, such as salamanders,
torches or furnaces, is used in a confined space, ade$uate ventilation must !e provided to
guarantee o(ygen content and com!ustion for the e$uipment. When this e$uipment is
used, ade$uate measures must !e taken to assure that e(haust gases are vented outside the
enclosure. When gas welding or !urning is used, hose must !e checked for leaks.
@ompressed !ottled gas must !e outside the area also. The atmosphere must !e tested
each time !efore lighting a torch.
En(iron#ental Control'
'll employees must !e aware of the ha&ards involved when working with
chemicals and the remedies that need to !e used when an accident does occur. ' training
program will give instructions on how to handle the chemical !eing used and first aid to
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!e applied to victims of chemical e(posure. /irst aid and caution signs will !e
conspicuously posted so as to alert individuals on a constant !asis. @harts identifying the
chemicals utili&ed in the workplace, their symptoms and effects must also !e posted. The
workers must know what the accepta!le level of e(posure to a chemical is and what
safety systems must !e in place when working with a chemical.
taff should also !e aware of new chemical products which may !e availa!le that
are less harmful, and they must ensure that facilities are ade$uately ventilated when using
chemicals on the premises. pray painting operations done in spray rooms or !ooths must
!e e$uipped with an appropriate e(haust system. Periodic inspections must !e made of
the !ooth and noted on an inspection tag posted on the !ooth.
If welding is done, the welder should !e certified. In the area of operation where
the welding is taking place, the welder must !e aware of ventilation availa!le, the type of
respirator that can !e used in the area, and if e(posure time or other means will suffice as
a safe and ade$uate measure when welding as to the fumes that will !e emitted. Welders
should !e also !e supplied with protective clothing and a flash shield during welding
operations.
When forklifts and other vehicles are used in !uildings or other enclosed areas,
car!on mono(ide levels must !e kept !elow ma(imum accepta!le concentration. #oise
levels also present a potential ha&ard. #oise levels within a facility must !e at accepta!le
levels and if not, steps must !e taken to reduce the level using recommended engineering
controls.
When fi!rous materials such as as!estos are !eing handled, the necessary
precautions must !e la!eled, along with signs conspicuously posted that these materials
are !eing used in the area. Employees should !e aware of effective methods used to
prevent emission of air!orne as!estos fi!ers, silica dust and other similar ha&ardous
materials. ome of the recommended methods of controlling the emission of these
materials are !y using water and vacuuming, rather than !lowing and sweeping, the
materials.
Aachinery, such as grinders, saws, and other tools that produce a fine air!orne
dust must !e vented to an industrial collector or central e(haust system. In any ventilation
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system the system should !e designed and operated at an airflow and volume necessary
for proper application and effectiveness. In the design of the ventilation system the ducts
and !elts must !e free of o!structions and slippage.
's with all operations, there must !e written standards on the procedures for the
e$uipment, description of the jo! task, usage of the protective e$uipment provided, such
as selection and use of respirators, and when they are needed. 'ny water that is provided
to an employee through out the facility should !e clearly identified as to whether it is for
drinking, washing or cooking.
'll restrooms must !e kept clean and sanitary. Employees should !e screened
!efore taking positions that may e(pose then to ha&ards they are not physically capa!le of
handling. 'n employee who takes an assignment which re$uires physical la!or must !e
trained to lift heavy loads properly so as not to damage themselves physically. If the work
assignment involves dealing with e$uipment that produces ultra-violet radiation, the
employee must !e properly protected or given the correct protective clothing. 'n
employee posted to an assignment on the roadway where there is heavy traffic must !e
given the designated protective clothing 8!right colored traffic orange warning vest9 and
safety training regarding the ha&ards of this jo!.
Ha2ardo' C0e#i!al E/)o're'
In any company which utili&es chemical su!stances, a training program on the
handling, ha&ards, storage, e(posure risks, symptoms of chemical e(posure, and first aid
needs to !e part of any new employees training. There must all !e a follow-up training
sessions as to any new chemical or processes that may !e initiated !y the company.
/ollow-up training sessions act as reinforcement of safety standards that need to !e
followed on a daily !asis. In a training program, employees will learn accepta!le levels of
chemical e(posure, proper storage and la!eling of chemicals, and usage of protective
clothing and e$uipment for handling chemicals.
They will also learn a!out potential fire and to(icity ha&ards, when not to have a
chemical in a confined area, or to stored in closed containers, usage of eye wash
fountains and safety showers, and the necessary posting of open, and dangerous area. It is
important that an employee recogni&e the Threshold Bimit Jalues or Permissi!le
E(posure Bimits of air!orne contaminants and physical agents in the workplace. '
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procedural manual or set of instructions must !e part of the program, with periodic
inspections that clearly indicate whether an employee may !e mishandling a chemical or
endangering himself or others. Part of the manual or procedures must esta!lish a standard
of when and how to deal with chemical spills, neutrali&ing, and disposing of spills or
overflows. These procedures must also !e posted in an area that is easily accessi!le for
reference usage.
/irst 'id training and e$uipment will !e routine in any facility where chemicals
are used. Employee must also know how to handle e$uipment in emergency situations,
what e$uipment needs to !e used and whether the e$uipment is ade$uate for the situation.
1espirators nay either !e used as protective safety e$uipment or for emergency usage.
Therefore, the employee should recogni&e that respirators need to !e stored in a clean,
sanitary and convenient location and inspected on a regular !asis. 'lso what respirators
are approved !y #I* for their particular applications. With a first aid program an
employee will recogni&e when a pro!lem may !e occurring !y e(posure to a chemical
ranging from headaches, nausea, dermatitis pro!lems to other factors of discomfort when
they use solvents or chemicals.
In the design of a facility there must !e an emergency shut-off system in case of
accident. Each employee will !e trained as to these emergency shut-off systems.
Jentilation is another major factor in the design of any facility. Whether !y natural means
or mechanical, the system must !e designed to control dust, fumes, solvents, gases,
smoke or vapors which may !e generated in the workplace. It is also important that a
medical or !iological monitoring system !e in operation as part of the safety standards. If
internal com!ustion engines are used in the facility, or if there is a chance of leakage or
mi(ture with a chemical that could create a to(ic gas, atmospheric gas levels must !e
monitored. If to(ic chemicals are used and stored in the facility they should !e located in
an isolated area to guarantee safety.
Ha2ardo' S*'tan!e' Co##ni!ation
When ha&ardous su!stances are used in the workplace, a ha&ard communication
program dealing with Aaterial afety ?ata heets 8A?9, la!eling and employee
training will !e in operation. A? materials will !e readily availa!le for each ha&ardous
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su!stance used. ' training program plus regular $uestion and answer sessions on dealing
with ha&ardous materials will !e given to keep employees informed. The program will
include an e(planation of what an A? is and how to use and o!tain one3 A?
contents for each ha&ardous su!stance or class of su!stances e(planation of the G1ight to
CnowH identification of where employer"s written ha&ard communication program and
where ha&ardous su!stance are present in their work area the health ha&ards of
su!stances in the work area, how to detect their presence, and specific protective
measures to !e used as well as informing them of ha&ards of non-routine tasks and
unla!eled pipes.
Ele!tri!al
The workplace will !e aware of the *' Electrical afety *rders and will
comply with the same. Employees will !e re$uired to report any ha&ard to life or property
that is o!served in connection with a jo!, electrical e$uipment or lines. Employees will !e
e(pected to make preliminary inspections or appropriate tests to determine conditions
!efore starting work.
♦ When e$uipment or lines are to !e serviced, maintained or adjusted, employees
must !e aware of open switches.
♦ Bockouts must !e tagged whenever possi!le.
♦ E$uipment such as electrical tools or appliance must !e grounded or of the dou!le
insulated type.
♦ E(tension cords !eing used must have a grounding conductor.
♦ The workplace supervisor must !e aware if multiple plug adaptors are prohi!ited.
♦ If ground-fault circuit interrupters are installed in each temporary +7 or 2>
ampere, +2> volt '@ circuit at locations where construction, demolition, alteration
or e(cavation are !eing performed, temporary circuits must !e protected !y
suita!le disconnecting switches or plug connectors with permanent wiring at the
junction.
Electricians must !e aware of the ff3
E(posed wiring and cords with frayed or deteriorated insulation must !e repaired or
replaced.
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/le(i!le cords and ca!les must !e free of splices or taps. @lamps or other securing
means must !e provided on fle(i!le cords or ca!les at plug.
'll cord, ca!le and raceway connections must !e appropriate for the use or location,
or otherwise protected.
The location of electrical power lines and ca!les 8overhead, underground, under
floor, other side of walls9 must !e determined !efore digging, drilling or similar
work is !egun.
'll metal measuring tapes, ropes, hand lines or similar devices with metallic thread
woven into fa!ric are prohi!ited for use where they could come in contact with
energi&ed parts of e$uipment or circuit conductors.
' means for disconnecting e$uipment must always !e opened !efore fuses are
replaced.
'll interior wiring systems must include provisions for grounding metal parts or
electrical raceways, e$uipment and enclosures.
'll energi&ed parts of electrical circuits and e$uipment must !e guarded against
accidental contact !y approved ca!inets or enclosures.
ufficient access and working space will !e provided and maintained around all
electrical e$uipment to permit ready and safe operations and maintenance.
'll unused openings 8including conduit knock outs9 in electrical enclosures and
fittings must !e closed with appropriate covers, plugs or plates. Electrical enclosures
such as switches, receptacles, and junction !o(es must !e provided with tight-fitting
covers or plates.
?isconnecting switches for electrical motors in e(cess of two horsepower must !e
capa!le of opening the circuit when the motor is in a stalled condition without
e(ploding. 8witches must !e horsepower rated e$ual to or e(cess of the motor hp
rating.9
Bow voltage protection must !e provided in the control device of motor driven
machines or e$uipment which could cause injury from inadvertent starting.
' motor disconnecting switch or circuit !reakers must !e located within sight of the
motor control device.
Motor'8
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a9 must !e located within sight of their controller
!9 must have their controller disconnecting means capa!le of !eing locked in the open
position
c9 or must have separate disconnecting means installed in the circuit within sight of the
motor. ' controller for a motor in e(cess of the motor must !e rated e$ual to !ut not in
e(cess of the motor it services. Employees who regularly work on or around energi&ed
electrical e$uipment or will !e instructed in cardio-pulmonary resuscitation 8@P19
methods. Employees will !e trained on how to work on energi&ed lines or e$uipment over
:>> volts.
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Noi'e
#oise levels are measured using a sound level meter or an octave !ank analy&er and
records kept. Engineering controls will !e used to reduce e(cessive noise levels,
When engineering controls are not feasi!le, administrative controls 8i.e., worker
rotation9 will !e used to minimi&e individual employee e(posure to noise. 'n
ongoing preventive health program will !e utili&ed to educate employees in safe
levels of noise, e(posure, effects of noise on their health, and use of personal
protection. 'pproved hearing protective e$uipment 8noise attenuating devices9 will
!e availa!le to every employee working in areas where continuous noise levels
e(ceed <7 d). To !e effective, ear protectors must !e properly fitted and employees
will !e instructed in their use and care.
&elin"
Where flamma!le li$uids are used, employees will !e trained to deal with spillage
during fueling operations, how it is to !e cleaned, the types and designs of fueling
hoses and the specific types of fuel it can handle, whether fueling is !eing done
with a no&&le that is a gravity flow system or self-closing, how to avoid spills and
recognition that if a spills does occur, the safety of restarting an engine. Employees
must !e aware that an open flame or light near any fuel is prohi!ited when fueling
or the transfer of fuel is occurring. G#* A*CI#6H signs will !e posted
conspicuously.
Pi)in" S%'te#
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u!stances that are transported through piping need to !e identified !y color or
la!eling. igns must !e posted identifying the su!stances !eing transported through
the pipes as to whether it is ha&ardous and where turn-off valves, connections and
outlets are located. 'll tags used for la!eling will !e of a dura!le material with
distinguisha!le and clearly written print. When non-pota!le water is piped through
a facility, outlets or taps, notices will !e posted to alert employees that it is unsafe
and not to !e used as drinking, washing or personal use. When pipelines are heated
!y electricity, steam or other e(ternal sources, warning signs or tags places at
unions, valves, or other servicea!le parts will !e part of the system.
Material Handlin"
In the handling of materials, employees must know the ff3 there must !e safe
clearance for e$uipment through aisles and doorways. 'isle ways must !e
designated, permanently marked, and kept clear to allow unhindered passage.
Aotori&ed vehicles and mechani&ed e$uipment will !e inspected daily or prior to
use. Jehicles must !e shot off and !rakes must !e set prior to loading or unloading.
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@ontainers of com!usti!les or flamma!les, when stacked while !eing moved, must
!e separated !y dunnage sufficient to provide sta!ility. If dock !oards 8!ridge
plates9 are used when loading or unloading operations are taking place !etween
vehicles and docks, precautions must !e o!served. Trucks and trailers will !e
secured from movement during loading and unloading operations. ?ock plates and
loading rumps will !e constructed and maintained in safe operating condition.
@hutes must !e e$uipped with side!oards of sufficient height to prevent the
handled materials from falling off.
't the delivery end of rollers or chutes, provisions must !e made, to !rake the
movement of the handled materials. Pallets must !e inspected !efore !eing loaded
or moved. ooks with safety latches or other arrangements will !e used when
hoisting materials, so that slings or load attachments won"t accidentally slip off the
hoist hooks. ecuring chains, ropes, chockers of slings must !e ade$uate for the jo!
to !e performed. When hoisting material or e$uipment, provisions must !e made to
assure no one will !e passing under the suspended loads. Aaterial afety ?ata
heets will !e availa!le to employees handling ha&ardous su!stances.
Tran')ortin" E#)lo%ee' 4 Material'
When employees are transporting either employees or materials, they must have
an operator"s license for that classification of vehicle and !e certified or trained in the
operation of that vehicle. /or a safety program to !e effective, they must also have
knowledge of /irst 'id courses and safety e$uipment, as well as the vehicle and how it
operates. 's employees are transported !y truck, provisions must !e provided to prevent
their falling from the vehicle. Jehicles should !e in good working condition, inspected on
a regular !asis and must !e e$uipped with lamps, !rakes, horns, mirrors, windshields and
turn signals in good working order.
If the vehicle transports numerous individuals it must !e e$uipped with handrails,
steps, stirrups or similar devices, placed and arranged so that employees can safely mount
or dismount. afely measures to ensure passenger safety should !e o!served. When
cutting tools with sharp edges are carried in the passenger compartment, they must !e
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placed in close !o(es or secured containers. @arrying flares and two reflective type flares
and fire e(tinguisher must !e part of the standard emergency e$uipment carried in the
vehicle all times.
Ventilation
In the operation of any facility ventilation system, there needs to !e a design to
integrate several system of control which will e(pel contaminates and provide clean air.
The system must take into consideration the volume and velocity that will !e needed to
successfully remove contaminates. The system must not fail in the case of an emergency
situation where two contaminates are e(posed to each other when a fire or e(plosion
occurs. In the design of the system, clean-out ports or doors that are provided at intervals
will not e(ceed +2 feet in all hori&ontal runs of e(haust ducts. The system must !e
operational so that it will not offset the function of other operations.
Saniti2in" E3i)#ent 4 Clot0in"
In any operation where protective clothing is used, a set of standards of the
handling, cleaning, and the disposal of the clothing will !e developed. In the line of work
where an employee is e(posed to ha&ardous su!stance, is the employee re$uired to
change or take a showerD If so, !oth change and shower room will !e provided along
with appropriate disposal areas of collection for the cleaning and saniti&ing of the
clothing. When working in a facility where employees need protective clothing, a training
course will !e held. Employees will also know where and when they can eat or smoke in
such a facility. @onspicuously posted signs will !e arranged throughout the plant.
In$e!tion Control
When a facility is engaged in using a la!oratory or any research that involves the
handling of infectious diseases, or other !iotechnological materials, the personnel will !e
trained in the handling of such materials. Technicians must have training in the handling
of these materials as safety precautions must !e o!served on a constant !asis. The
facilities will !e designed to comply with the needed and standardi&ed !y state licensing
agencies. The standard used and developed !y the facility must also take into
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consideration environmental ha&ards and laws which are applica!le. Technicians
normally will handle cultures which contain human specimens as !lood or !ody fluids
that carry infectious !acteria.
The practices of a la!oratory will include proper ventilation, emergencye$uipment, necessary protective clothing, refrigeration, hand-washing sinks, !io-ha&ard
tags, la!els, needle containers, detergents0disinfectants and a manual on emergency
procedures in case of an accident. The training of the technician will include universal
precautions, how to manage and handle a needle stick e(posure, J) evaluations,
anti!ody testing and vaccinations and how to dispose of these materials when finish with
testing or evaluation. The workplace must !e e$uipped with the proper e$uipment to meet
the safety precautions universally recogni&ed !y the state licensing agency. ' general
practice of cleaning and disinfecting the e$uipment and environment must !e o!served.
Er"ono#i!'
With the introduction of computers into the workplace, new areas of physical
de!ilitation have !een recogni&ed. These new potential ha&ards have re$uired a
redesigning of !oth the workplace and how employees work. ' set of standards will !e
developed and practiced with this new technology. /urniture will !e adjusta!le,
positioned and arranged to minimi&e strain on all parts of the !ody. The glare of a
computer screen will !e minimi&ed !y a glare screen to prevent eyestrain. 1epetitive
motions can harm, !ack, shoulders, neck, wrist and other party of the !ody, so employees
will not proceed with a task when they are physically feeling an impairment. Each
employee will !e entitled to rest !reak.
Ventilation $or Indoor Air 9alit%
J'@ systems should provide at least the $uantity of outdoor air re$uired !y the
tate )uilding tandards @ode, Title 25, Part 2. The J'@ systems should !e inspected
annually for any potential pro!lems and there should !e an approved inspection
certificate availa!le for review. 1ecords should !e retained for a minimum five year
period.
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Crane C0e!,li't
With the operation of cranes there are several functional areas to !e considered.
@ranes should !e inspected on a !iannual !asis with the inspection certificate availa!le
when a $uestion arises. The crane must !e utili&ed in an operation which does not violate
*' regulations. @ranes will !e visually inspected for defective components prior to
any work shift. Electrically operated cranes will !e effectively grounded, preventive
maintenance esta!lished, have a clearly visi!le load operating controls clearly identified
a fire e(tinguisher provide at the operator"s station rated capacity visi!ly marked an
audi!le warning device mounted on the crane, and sufficient illumination. @rane design
shall !e such that the !oom will not fall over !ackwards when e$uipped with !oom stops.
Sa$et% Po'ter'
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. is re$uired to post ceratin employment related
nformation. The re$uired information is maintained on !ulletin !oard where employees
can find the following re$uired posters3
Jarious state and federal orders regulating the Wages, ours and Working @onditions in
certain industries
Pay ?ay #otice, 'nti-?iscrimination Poster E$ual Employment *pportunity is the Baw
8EE*@ form9, *' afety and ealth Protection on the Fo! #otice of Workers
@ompensation @arrier #otice to Employees.
nemployment Insurance and ?isa!ility Insurance #otice.
Employee Polygraph Protection 'ct 8form W +5:29.
'ccess to Aedical and E(posure 1ecords #otice to Employees.
Time *ff to Jote in addition to the a!ove listed notices, a copy of this injury prevention
program, a log and summary of *ccupational Injuries and Illnesses, a copy of Engr.
'le(ander ). Trillana Inc."s code of afe Work Practices and a /ire Prevention andEvacuation Plan will !e posted.
Aaterial ?ata afety heets for Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc."s premises are availa!le
on the !ulletin !oard. When employees are re$uired to work on the premises of any other
employer, such as a service call or installation situation, the jo! site will maintain a
collection of Aaterial ?ata afety heets that descri!e any ha&ards uni$ue to that site.
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@heck with the other employer"s jo! site coordinator or supervisor for the e(act location
of the A? information. In addition to these re$uired safety postings, emergency
num!ers are maintained on the !ulletin !oard.
In most cases of real emergency call =++. tate your name, the nature of the emergency,
and e(act location of the injury. 'nswer all $uestions completely. ?* #*T use =++ for
routine calls to police or fire departments.
Li!en'e' and Per#it'
In addition to other postings re$uired !y law, Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc.
maintains a copy of all necessary !usiness licenses, permits, and notices re$uired !y the
#ational Ba!or 1elations )oard or other governmental !odies, notices of citations during
a!atement periods, and other re$uired information which are posted during the
appropriate times on !ulletin !oard.
Per'onal Prote!ti(e E3i)#ent Clot0in"
When there is a danger of flying particles or corrosive materials, employee must
wear protective goggles and0or face shields provided 8or approved9 !y Engr. 'le(ander ).
Trillana Inc. Employees are re$uired to wear safety glasses at all times in areas where
there is a risk or eye injuries such as punctures, contusions or !urns.Employees who need corrective lenses are re$uired to wear only approved safety glasses,
protective goggles, or other medically approved precautionary procedures when working
in areas with harmful e(posures, or risk of eye injury.
Employees are re$uired to wear protective gloves, aprons, shields and other means
provided in areas where they may !e su!ject to cuts, corrosive li$uids and0or harmful
chemicals.
ard hats must !e worn in areas su!ject to falling o!jects, and at all times while at
construction sites.
'ppropriate footwear including steel-toed shoes must !e worn in an area where there is
any risk of foot injuries from hot, corrosive, poisonous su!stances, falling o!jects,
crushing or penetrating action.
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When necessary, employees must use the approved respirators which are provided for
regular and emergency use.
'll safety e$uipment must !e maintained in sanitary condition and ready for use.
'n eye wash facility is located in the clinic. If any irritant gets into an employee"s eyes,
call for medical assistance immediately and flush the eye out with clean water.
' shower is provided for emergencies. 'sk your supervisor for more details on use of this
facility.
/ood may not !e eaten in work areas, or in places where there is any danger of e(posure
to to(ic materials or other health ha&ards. 'sk your supervisor to identify safe eating
places.
In cases where the noise level e(ceeds certain levels, ear protection is re$uired.
In cases of cleaning to(ic or ha&ardous materials, protective clothing provided must !e
worn.
Hard0at'
In Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc., hardhats are re$uired Lat all times, in
designated areas, when appropriateM. ardhats are common in our industry. There was a
time, a!out one hundred years ago, when no one wore a hardhat. )ut, over time, the value
of hardhats to save lives was firmly proven, so that the entire industry now accepts this
safety device as a natural article of clothing, like a foot!all player wearing a helmet
during a game. ometimes a person fails to wear a hardhat, either through forgetfulness
or through underestimating the risk of head injury which can !e prevented !y wearing
one.
1emem!er that all it takes is a carelessly dropped tool or piece of material coming
down on your head to cause severe injury or even death. There are a num!er of workers
disa!led with various types of head injuries and vision pro!lems !ecause they didn"t wear
a hardhat. When you wear a hardhat, wear it right. Ceep it s$uarely on your head with the
inside !and properly adjusted. ee your supervisor if you are having trou!le adjusting the
hardhat.
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Wor, En(iron#ent
Work sites must !e clean and orderly. Work surfaces must !e kept dry or
appropriate means taken to assure the surfaces are slip-resistant. 'll com!usti!le scrap,
de!ris and waste must !e stored safely and removed promptly. @om!usti!le dust must !ecleaned up with a vacuum system to prevent the dust from going into suspension. The
accumulated com!usti!le dust must !e removed routinely. Aetallic or conductive dust
must !e prevented from entering and accumulating on or around electrical enclosures or
e$uipment.
Waste containers must !e covered. *ily and paint soaked rags are com!usti!le
and should !e discarded in seala!le metal containers only. Paint spray !ooths, dip tanks
and paint areas must !e cleaned regularly. 'll oil and gas fired devices should !ee$uipped with flame failure controls that will prevent flow of fuel if pilots or main
!urners are not working. 'sk your supervisor where these controls are located. Aake sure
all pits and floor openings are either covered or otherwise guarded.
Wal,-a%'
'll aisles and passageways !e kept clear. 'lso, aisles and passageways should !e
clearly marked. Wet surfaces must !e covered with non-slip material and all holes
properly covered or marked with warning guards. 'll spills must !e cleaned up
immediately, and a caution sign placed on all wet or drying surfaces. In cases of
passageways used !y forklifts, trucks or other machinery, use a separate aisle for walking
if availa!le. If no separately marked aisle is availa!le, use e(treme caution. 1emem!er,
walking in passageway used !y machinery is like walking in the middle of a street used
!y a cars3 %ou may have the right of way, !ut the heavier vehicle can"t always see you
and can"t always stop in time. The key to moving around in such circumstances is to stop,
look and listen and then to move when there is no danger.
Aake eye contact with the drivers of moving vehicles so that you know that they
know you are there. E$uipment must !e properly stored so that sharp edges do not
protrude into walkways. @hanges in elevation must !e clearly mark, as must passageways
near dangerous operations like welding, machinery operation or painting. If there is a low
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ceiling, a warning sign must !e posted. If the walkway or stairways more than thirty
inches a!ove the floor or ground, it must have a guardrail.
If an employee is aware of every !reach of these standards, please inform the
workplace supervisor .
Wor, Area
/ire e(tinguishers must remain accessi!le at all times. Aeans of egress should !e
kept un!locked, well-lighted and unlocked during work hours. E(cessive com!usti!le
8paper9 may !e not stored in work areas. 'isle and hallways must kept clear at all times.
?esignated employees have !een trained to respond to a fire or other emergency.
Workplace are to !e kept free of de!ris, floor storage and electrical cords. 'de$uate aisle
space is to !e maintained. /ile ca!inet drawers should !e opened one at a time and closed
when work is finished. Proper lifting techni$ues are to !e used !y employees to avoid
over e(ertion and strain when carrying loads. #o alcohol or any into(icating su!stance
may !e consumed prior to or during work.
Dri(in"
?rive safely. If vehicles are used during the workday, seat !elts and shoulder
harnesses are to !e worn all times. Jehicles must !e locked when unattended to avoid
criminal misconduct. ?o not e(ceed the speed limit. Jehicles must !e parked in legal
spaces and must mot o!struct traffic. ?efensive driving must !e practiced !y all
employees. Employees should park their vehicles in well-lighted areas at0or near
entrances to avoid criminal misconduct.
Ve0i!le Maintenan!e
Work safely when repairing vehicles. Where tires are mounted and0or inflated on
drop center wheels, a safe practice procedure must !e posted and enforced. Where tires
are mounted and0or inflated on wheels with split rims and0or retainer rings, a safe practice
procedure must !e posted and enforced. Each tire inflation hose must have a clip-on
chuck with at least 25 inches of hose !etween the chuck and an in-line hand valve and
gauge. The tire inflation control valve should automatically shut off the air flow when the
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valve is released. ' tire restraining device such as cage, rack or other effective means
must !e used while inflating tires mounted on split rims, or rims using retainer rings.
Employees are strictly for!idden from taking a position directly over or in front of a tire
while it"s !eing inflated. Proper lifting techni$ues must !e used !y employees to avoid
over-e(ertion when lifting packages.
Cleanline''
'll work sites must !e clean and orderly. 'll work surfaces must !e kept dry or
appropriate means taken to assure that surfaces are slip-resistant. 'll spill materials or
li$uids should !e cleaned up immediately and com!usti!le scrap, de!ris and waste stored
safely and removed from the work site promptly. 'ny accumulations of com!usti!le dust
must !e routinely removed from elevated surfaces including the overhead structure of
!uildings. @om!usti!le dust should !e cleaned up with a vacuum system to prevent the
dust going into suspension
Aetallic or conductive dust must !e prevented from entering or accumulating on
or around electrical enclosures or e$uipment. @overed metal waste cans are provided for
oily and paint-soaked waste. se them. 'll oil and gas fired devices must !e e$uipped
with flame failure controls that will prevent flow of fuel if pilots or main !urners are not
working. Paint spray !ooths, dip tanks, etc., must !e cleaned regularly. Washing facilities
are provided, so wash your hands after handling materials.
Tool Maintenan!e
/aulty or improperly used hand tools are a safety ha&ards. 'll employees shall !e
responsi!le for ensuring that tools and e$uipment 8!oth company and employee-owned9
used !y them or other employees at their workplace are in good condition. and tools
such as chisels, punches, etc., which develop mushroom heads during use, must !e
reconditioned or replaced as necessary. )roken or fractured handless on hammers, a(es
and similar e$uipment must !e replaced promptly. Worn or !ent wrenches should !e
replaced regularly. 'ppropriate handless must !e used on files and similar tools.
'ppropriate safety glasses, face shields, etc., must !e worn while using hand tools
or e$uipment which might produce flying materials or !e su!ject to !reakage. Eye and
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face protection must face !e worn when driving in tempered spuds or nails. @heck your
tools often for wear or defect. Facks must !e checked periodically to assure they are in
good operating condition. Tool handless must !e wedged tightly into the heads of the
tools. Tool cutting edges should !e kept sharp enough so the tools will move smoothly
without !iding or skipping. When not in use, tools should !e stored in a dry, secure
location.
Ladder'
♦ @heck ladders each and every time you clim!.
♦ Badders should !e maintained in good condition joints !etween steps and side
rails should !e tight hardware and fittings securely attached and mova!le parts
operating freely without !inding or undue play. #on-slip safety feet are provided
on each ladder.
♦ Badder rungs and steps should !e free of grease and oil.
♦ Employees are prohi!ited from using ladders that are !roken, missing steps, rungs
or cleats, or that have !roken side rails or other faulty e$uipment.
♦ It is prohi!ited to place a ladder in front of doors opening towards the ladder
e(cept when the door is !locked open, locked or guarded. It is prohi!ited to place
ladders on !o(es, !arrels, or other unsta!le !ases to o!tain additional height.
♦ /ace the ladder when ascending or descending. )e careful when you clim! a
ladder.
♦ ?o not use the top step of ordinary stepladders as a step.
♦ When porta!le rung ladders are used to gain access to elevated platforms, roofs,
etc., the ladder must always e(tend at least 4 feet a!ove the elevated surface.
♦ It is re$uired that when porta!le rung or cleat type ladders are used, the !ase must
!e so placed that slipping will not occur, unless it is lashed or otherwise held in
place.
♦ 'll porta!le metal ladders must !e legi!ly marked with signs reading
G@'TI*#H- G?o #ot se 'round Electrical E$uipment.H
♦ Employees are prohi!ited from using ladders as guys, !races, skids, gin poles, or
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for other than their intended purposes. *nly adjust e(tension ladders while
standing at a !ase 8not while standing on the ladder or from a position a!ove the
ladders9.
♦ Aetal ladders should !e inspected for tears and signs of corrosion. 1ungs of
ladders should !e uniformly spaced at +2 inches, center to center.
Porta*le Po-er Tool'
Porta!le power tools pose a special danger to employees !ecause they are deceptively small and
light, yet they can do great !odily harm if used improperly or poorly maintained. These rules
apply to all power tools, !ut are especially important when handling porta!le saws, drills and
power screwdrivers.
♦ @heck your e$uipment !efore you use it.
♦ 'll grinders, saws and similar e$uipment should !e e$uipped with appropriate
safety guards.
♦ Power tools should not !e used without the correct shield, guard or attachment,
recommended !y the manufacturer.
♦ Porta!le circular saws must !e e$uipped with guards a!ove and !elow the !ase
shoe.
♦ @ircular saw guards should !e checked periodically and !efore each use to assure
they are not wedged up, thus leaving the lower portion of the !lade unguarded.
♦ 'll rotating or moving parts of e$uipment should !e guarded to prevent physical
contact.
♦ 'll cord-connected, electrically-operated tools and e$uipment should !e
effectively grounded or of the approved dou!le insulated type.
♦ Effective guards must !e in place over !elts, pulleys, chains, sprockets, on
e$uipment such as concrete mi(ers, air compressors, etc.♦ If porta!le fans are provided, they must !e e$uipped with full guards or screens
having openings K inch or less.
♦ ?o not attempt to lift heavy o!jects without proper e$uipment.
♦ oisting e$uipment will !e made availa!le for lifting heavy o!jects, with hoist
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ratings and characteristics appropriate for the task.
♦ Power tools are either !attery operated or wired. If !attery operated, don"t
underestimate their power. ' small electric drill or power screwdriver can cause a
severe injury if it lands in the wrong place.
♦ While not usually a shock ha&ard, the !attery pack contains to(ic chemicals and
does emit a low voltage electric current. ?on"t drop or incinerate the !attery pack,
or a tool with a self-contained power source.
♦ ard-wired e$uipment can !e porta!le or fi(ed. Typically used with e(tension
cords, the more powerful hard-wired e$uipment presents a dou!le safety pro!lem3
the actual e$uipment plus its electrical power source.
♦ 6round-fault circuit interrupters must !e provided on all temporary electrical +7
and 2> ampere circuits used during periods of construction.
♦ Pneumatic and hydraulic hoses on power-operated tools should !e checked
regularly for deterioration or damage.
A*ra'i(e W0eel E3i)#ent :Grinder';
♦ The work rest used should !e kept adjusted to within +0< inch of the wheel.
♦ The adjusta!le tongue on the top side of the grinder should !e kept adjusted to
within N inch of the wheel.
♦ The side guards should cover the spindle, nut and flange and ;7 percent of the
wheel diameter.
♦ )ench and pedestal grinders should !e permanently mounted.
♦ 6oggles or face shields should always !e worn when grinding.
♦ The ma(imum 1PA rating of each a!rasive wheel should !e compati!le with the
1PA rating of the grinder motor.
♦ /i(ed or permanently mounted grinders must !e connected to the electrical supply
system with metallic conduit or !y other permanent wiring method.
♦ Each grinder should have an individual on and off control switch. The switch
should !e easily accessi!le anytime you operate the machine.
♦ Each electrically operated grinder is effectively grounded.
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♦ ?o not defeat the grounding mechanism, especially !y using non-three prong plug
adapters.
♦ #ote the method !y which new a!rasive wheels are mounted. Jisually inspect and
ring test new a!rasive wheels.
♦ The dust collectors and powered e(haust provided on grinders must !e used in
operations that produce large amounts of dust.
♦ The splash guards mounted on grinders that use a coolant should !e mounted so
that no one is ever splashed with the coolant.
♦ The work area around a grinder must !e kept clean at all times. It is your
responsi!ility as an operator of any machine to ensure the necessary safety
precautions are taken !efore using the machine.
Co#*'ti*le Material'
♦ 'll com!usti!le scrap, de!ris and waste material 8oily rags, etc.9 must !e stored
ion covered metal receptacles and removed from the work site promptly.
♦ Proper storage to minimi&e the risk of fire, including spontaneous com!ustion
must !e practiced.
♦ *nly approved containers and tanks are to !e used for the storage and handling of
flamma!le and com!usti!le li$uids.
♦ 'll connections on drums and com!usti!le li$uid piping, vapor and li$uids must
!e kept tight.
♦ 'll flamma!le li$uids should !e kept in closed containers when not in use 8e.g.
parts-cleaning tanks, pans, etc.9.
♦ )ulk drums of flamma!le li$uids must !e grounded and !onded to containers
during dispensing.
♦ torage rooms for flamma!le and com!usti!le li$uids must have e(plosion-proof
lights.
♦ torage rooms for flamma!le and com!usti!le li$uids should have mechanical or
gravity ventilation.
♦ Bi$uefied petroleum gas must !e stored, handled, and used in accordance with
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safe practices and standards.
♦ #o smoking signs must !e posted in li$uefied petroleum gas tanks.
♦ Bi$uefied petroleum storage tanks should !e guarded to prevent damage from
vehicles.
♦ 'll solvent waste and flamma!le li$uids should !e kept in fire-resistant, covered
containers until they are removed from the work site.
♦ Jacuum should !e used whenever possi!le rather than !lowing or sweeping
com!usti!le dust.
♦ /ire separators should !e placed !etween containers of com!usti!le or
flamma!les when stacked one upon another to assure their support and sta!ility.
♦ /uel gas cylinders and o(ygen cylinders must !e separated !y distance, fire
resistant !arriers, etc., while in storage.
♦ /ire e(tinguishers are selected for the types of materials and placed in areas where
they are to !e used. These fire e(tinguishers are classified as follows3
@lass ' *rdinary com!usti!le materials fires.
@lass ) /lamma!le li$uid, gas or grease fires.
@lass @ Energi&ed-electrical e$uipment fires.
♦ 'ppropriate fire e(tinguishers must !e mounted within ;7 ft. of outside areas
containing flamma!le li$uids, and within +> ft. of any inside storage area for such
materials.
♦ 'll e(tinguishers must !e fully charged and in their designated places unless in
use.
♦ Where sprinkler system is permanently are installed, are the no&&le heads
arranged so that the water will not !e sprayed into operating electrical switch
!oards and e$uipmentD @heck to see that heads have not !een !ent and twisted
from their original position.
♦ G#* A*CI#6H rules will !e enforced in area involving storage and used of
ha&ardous materials. G#* A*CI#6H signs have !een posted where appropriate
in areas where flamma!le or com!usti!le li$uid must !e cleaned up promptly.
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♦ torage tanks should !e ade$uately vented to prevent the development of
e(cessive vacuum or pressure as a result of filling, emptying, or atmosphere
temperature changes. torage tanks are e$uipped with emergency venting that will
relieve e(cessive internal pressure caused !y fire e(posure.
Me!0ani!al Lo!,otTa"ot
Point of operation devices shall protect the operator !y3
♦ Preventing and0or stopping normal stroking of the press if the operator"s hands
are inadvertently placed in the point of operation
♦ or preventing the operator from inadvertently reaching into the point of operation
or withdrawing his0her hands if they are inadvertently reaching into the point of
operation at all times
♦ or 1e$uiring application of the operator"s hand to machine operating controls and
locating such controls at such a safety distance from the point of operations that
the slide completes the downward travel or stops !efore the operator can reach
into the point of operation with his0her hands
♦ or Enclosing the point of operation !efore a press of stroke can !e initiated and
maintaining this closed condition until the motion of the slide has ceased3
♦ or Enclosing the point of operation !efore a press stroke can !e initiated, so as to
prevent an operator from reaching into the point of operation prior to die closure
or prior to cessation of slide motion during the downward stroke.
♦ ' gate or mova!le !arrier or device shall protect the operator. ' presence sensing
point operation device shall protect the operator !y interlocking into the control
circuit to prevent or stop slide motion if the operator"s hand or other part of
his0her !ody is within the sensing field of the device during the downstroke of the
press slide. The device may not !e used on machines using full revolutionclutches.
♦ The device may not !e used as a tripping means to initiate slide motion. The
device shall !e constructed so that a failure within the system does not prevent the
normal stopping action from !eing applied to the press when re$uired, !ut does
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prevent the initiation of a successive stroke until the failure is corrected. The
failure shall !e indicated !y the system. Auting 8!ypassing of the protective
function9 of such device, during the upstroke of the press slide, is permitted for
the purpose of parts ejection, circuit checking, and feeding only.
♦ The safety distance from the sensing field to the point of operation shall !e greater
than the distance determined !y the following formula3
?s O :4 inches0second ( Ts
Where3 ?s O minimum safety distance 8inches9
:4 inches0second O hand speed constant
Ts O stopping time of the press measured at appro(imately =>
position of crankshaft rotation 8seconds9.
♦ 6uards shall !e used to protect all areas of entry to the point of operation not
protected !y the presence sensing device. The pull-out device shall protect the
operator and shall include attachments for each of the operator"s hands.
'ttachments shall !e connected to and operated only !y the press slide or upper
die. 'ttachment shall !e adjusted to prevent the operator from reaching into the
point of operation or to withdraw the operator"s hands from the point of operation
!efore the dies close.
♦ ' separate pull-out device shall !e provided for each operator if more than one
operator is used on a press. Each pull-out device in use shall visually inspected
and checked for proper adjustment at the start of each operator shift, following a
new die set-up, and when operators are changed. #ecessary maintenance or repair
or !oth shall !e performed and completed !efore the press is operated.
♦ The sweep device shall protect the operator as specified in this su!section, !y
removing his0her hands safely to a safe position if they are inadvertently located
in the point of operation, as the dies close or prior to tripping the clutch. ?evices
operating in this manner shall have a !arrier, attached to the sweep arm in such a
manner as to prevent the operator from reaching into the point of operation, past
the trailing edge of the sweep arm on the downward stroke of the press. This
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device may not !e used for point of operation safeguarding. The sweep device
must !e activated !y the slide or !y motion of a foot pedal trip rod.
♦ The sweep device must !e designed, installed and operated so as to prevent the
operator from reaching into the point of operation !efore the dies close. Thesweep device must !e installed so that it will not itself create an impact or shear
ha&ard !etween the sweep arm and the press tie rods, dies, or any other part of the
press or !arrier. Partial enclosure conforming with this su!section, as to the area
of entry which they protect, must !e provided on !oth sides of the point of
operation to prevent the operator from reaching around or !ehind the sweep
device and into the point of operation after the dies start to close.
♦Partial enclosures shall not themselves create a pinch point or shear ha&ard. 'holdout or a restraint device shall protect the operator and shall include
attachments for each of the operator"s hands. uch attachments shall !e securely
anchored and adjusted in such a way that the operator is restrained from reaching
into the point of operation.
♦ ' separate set of restraints shall !e provided for each operator if more than one
operator is re$uired on a press. The two hand control device shall protect the
operator. When used in press operations re$uiring more than one operator,separate two hand control shall !e provided for each operator, and shall !e
designed to re$uire concurrent application of all operator"s controls to activate the
slide. The removal of a hand from any control !utton shall cause the slide to stop.
The safety distance !etween each two hand control device and the point of
operation shall !e greater than the distance determined !y the following formula3
?s O :4 inches0second ( Ts
Where3 ?s O minimum safety distance 8inches9
:4 inches0second O hand speed constant
Ts O stopping time of the press measured at appro(imately =>
position of crankshaft rotation 8seconds9.
&ir't Aid 6it'
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/irst-aid kits and re$uired contents are maintained in a servicea!le condition.
nit-type kits have all items in the first-aid kits individually wrapped, sealed, and
packaged in compara!le si&ed packages. The commercial or ca!inet-type kits do not
re$uire all items to !e individually wrapped and sealed, !ut only those which must !e
sterile. Items such as scissors, twee&ers, tu!es of ointments with caps, rolls of adhesive
tape, need not to !e individually wrapped, sealed, or disposed of after a single use or
application. Individual packaging and sealing shall !e re$uired for those items which must
!e kept sterile in a first-aid kit.
/irst-aid kits shall contain at least the following items3
+> Package Cit3 + Pkg. 'dhesive !andages,+H 8+: per pkg.9 + Pkg. )andage compress, 5H
8+ per pkg.9 + Pkg. cissorsQ and twee&ers 8+ each per pkg. + Pkg. Triangular !andage,
5>H 8+ per pkg.9 + Pkg. 'ntiseptic soap or pads 84 per pkg.9 7 Pkgs. *f consulting
physician"s choice +: Package Cit + Pkg. '!sor!ent gau&e, 25G ( ;2H 8+ per pkg.9 + Pkg.
'dhesive !andages, + G 8+: per pkg.9 2 Pkgs. )andage compress, 5H 8+ per pkg.9 + Pkg.
Eye dressing 8+ per pkg.9 + Pkg. cissorsQ and twee&ers 8+ each per pkg.9 : Pkgs.
Triangular !andages 8+ per pkg.9 + Pkg. 'ntiseptic soap of pads 84 per pkg.9 = Pkgs. of
consulting physician"s choice 4: Package Cit3 5 Pkgs. '!sor!ent gau&e, 25H(;2H 8+ per
pkg.9 2 Pkgs. 'dhesive !andages, +H 8+: per pkg.9 7 Pkgs. )andage compresses, 5H 8+ per
pkg.9 + Pkg. cissorsQ and twee&ers 8+ each per pkg.9 < Pkgs. Triangular !andages, 5>H 8+
per pkg.9+ Pkg. 'ntiseptic soap or pads 84 per pkg.9 +4 Pkgs. of consulting physician"s
choice.
cissors shall !e capa!le of cutting 2 layers of +7 o&. cotton cloth or its
e$uivalent. The first-aid kits are maintained at the ten, si(teen, twenty-four or thirty-si(
package level., Where the eyes or !ody of any person may !e e(posed to injurious
chemicals and0 or materials, suita!le facilities for $uick drenching or flushing of the eyes
and !ody are provided, within the work area, for immediate emergency use. ' poster
shall !e fastened and maintained either on or in the cover of each first-aid kit and at or
near all phones plainly stating the phone num!ers of availa!le doctors, hospitals, and
am!ulance services within the district of the work site.
&ir't Aid Station
If a fi(ed esta!lishment employs more than 2>> employees at one central location,
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/irst-aid stations shall !e located as close as practica!le to the highest concentration of
personnel. /irst-aid stations shall !e well marked and availa!le to personnel during all
working hours. *ne person holding a valid first-aid certificate shall !e responsi!le for the
proper use and maintenance of the first-aid station. /irst-aid stations shall !e e$uipped
with a minimum of two first-aid kits, the si&e of which shall !e dependent upon the
num!er of personnel normally employed at the work site. *ne first-aid kit may !e a
permanent wall-mounted kit, !ut in all cases the station shall !e e$uipped with at least
one porta!le first-aid kit. When re$uired !y the circumstances, the station shall !e
e$uipped with two wool !lankets and a stretcher in addition to first-aid kits. ' roster,
denoting the telephone num!ers and addresses of doctors, hospitals and am!ulance
services availa!le to the work site, shall !e posted at each first-aid station.
Late Ni"0t Cri#e Pre(ention
'll esta!lishments operating !etween the hours of ++3>> p.m. and :3>> p.m.
should provide crime prevention training to their employees. @rime prevention training
shall !e a part of the accident prevention program. Training will !e made availa!le to
ensure that the purpose and function of ro!!ery and violence prevention are understood
!y employees and that the knowledge and skills re$uired for their safety have !een
provided. The training and training materials outline security policies, safety and security
procedures, and personal safety and crime avoidance techni$ues. /ormal instruction
through a training seminar or training video presentation will !e made availa!le and upon
completion the employee shall sign off on the date, time, and place of training. The
training documentation will !e placed in the employee"s personnel file.
The following elements will !e covered in the crime prevention training program3
• 'n e(planation of the importance of keeping the location clean, neat, and
uncluttered there!y making it as unattractive as possi!le to ro!!ers.
• 'n e(planation of the purpose of maintaining an uno!structed view of the
cash register from outside the store, provided the cash register is located in
a position visi!le from the street.
• Instruction on reasons for operating only minimum num!ers of cash
registers at night. Ceeping the cash register fund to a minimum.
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• Taking e(tra precautions after dark, i.e., keep alert, o!serve lighting and
dark corners, spot possi!le hiding places.
• Jiolence prevention procedures in case of ro!!ery.
•' refresher course on crime prevention on or near the employee"sanniversary date. Jideotape and crime prevention material shall !e
availa!le for employee"s review at their re$uest.
In addition to providing crime prevention training as defined in this section, the
company posts a conspicuous sign in the window or door which states that there is a safe
on the premises and it is not accessi!le to the employees on the premises and that the
cash register contains only the minimal amount needed to conduct !usiness. 'll displays,
and any other material posted in window8s9 or door8s9 should !e arranged so as to
provide a clear and uno!structed view of the cash register, provided the cash register is
located in a position visi!le from the street.
If there is any cash on the premises after dark, the @ompany has a drop-safe,
limited access safe, or compara!le device on the premises. Please use it. In addition, the
outside lights will !e on for that portion of the approach and parking area that is
necessary to accommodate customers during all night hours the late night retail
esta!lishment is open.
Co#)an% &ire .ri"ade'
In some industries, the company esta!lishes a fire fighting !rigade. The company
does this !y drafting a policy statement that announces the e(istence of a fire !rigade the
!asic organi&ational structure the type, amount, and fre$uency of training to !e provided
to fire !rigade mem!ers the e(pected num!er of mem!ers in the fire !rigade and the
function that the fire !rigade is to perform at the workplace. The organi&ational statement
is availa!le for inspection !y government officials and !y employees or their designated
representative.
Employees who are e(pected to do structural fire fighting must !e physically
capa!le of performing duties which may!e assigned to them during emergencies. The
employer shall not permit employees with known heart disease, epilepsy, or emphysema,
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to participate in fire !rigade emergency activities unless a physician certificate of the
employees" fitness to participate in such activities is provided.
'pproved self contained !reathing apparatus shall !e provided to and worn !y fire
!rigade mem!ers while working inside !uildings or confined spaces where to(ic productsof com!ustion or any o(ygen deficiency. uch apparatus shall also !e worn during
emergency situations involving to(ic su!stances. 'pproved self contain !reathing
apparatus may !e e$uipped with either a !uddy !reathing device or a $uick disconnect
valve, even if these devices are not certified !y #I*. If these accessories are used they
shall not cause damage to the apparatus, or restrict the air flow of the apparatus, or
o!struct normal operation of the apparatus. 'pproved self contained compressed air
!reathing apparatus may!e used with approved cylinders from other approved self
contained compress air !reathing apparatus provided that such cylinder are of the same
capacity and pressure rating.
'll compressed air cylinder used with self-contained !reathing apparatus shall
meet ?*T and #I* criteria. elf contained !reathing apparatus shall have a minimum
service life rating of thirty minutes in accordance with the methods and re$uirements of
the mine safety and health administration 8A'9 and #I*, e(cept for escape self-
contained !reathing apparatus 8E@)'9 used only for emergency escape purposes. elf
contained !reathing apparatus shall !e provided with an indicator which automatically
sounds an audi!le alarm when the remaining service life of the apparatus is reduced to
within a range of twenty to twenty five percent of its rated service time.
Po'iti(e Pre''re .reat0in" A))arat'
elf-contained !reathing apparatus ordered or purchased after Fanuary +,+=<2, for
used !y fire !rigade mem!ers performing interior structural fire fighting operations, are
of the pressure-demand or other positive-pressure type. Effective Fuly+,+=<4, only pressure-demand or other positive-pressure self-contained !reathing apparatus shall !e
worn !y fire !rigade mem!ers performing interior structural fire fighting. This does not
prohi!it the used of a self-contained !reathing apparatus where the apparatus can !e
switched from a demand to a positive-pressure mode.
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owever, such apparatus shall !e in the positive-pressure mode when fire !rigade
mem!ers are performing interior structural fire fighting operations. #egative pressure
self-contained !reathing apparatus with a rated service life of more than two hours and
which have a minimum protection factor of 7,>>>, as determined !y an accepta!le
$uantitative fit test performed on each individual, is accepta!le for use only during those
interior structural fire fighting situations for which the employer demonstrates that long
duration !reathing apparatus is necessary.
Ruantitative fit test procedures shall !e availa!le for inspection !y the director or
authori&ed representative. uch negative-pressure !reathing apparatus will continue to !e
accepta!le for eighteen months after a positive-pressure !reathing apparatus with the
same or longer rated service life is certified !y #I*.
'fter this eighteen-month period all self-contained !reathing apparatus used for
these long duration situations shall !e of the positive-pressure type. This section does not
re$uire an employer to organi&e a fire !rigade. It is suggested that pre-fire planning !e
conducted !y the local fire department and0or the workplace fire !rigade in order for
them to !e familiar with the workplace and process ha&ards. Involvement with the local
fire department or fire prevention !ureau is encouraged to facilitate coordination and
cooperation !etween mem!ers of the fire !rigade and those who might !e called upon for
assistance during a fire emergency.
.od% )rote!tion. /ire !rigade mem!ers may wear a fire-resistive coat in
com!ination with fully e(tended !oots, or they may wear a fire-resistive coat in
com!ination with protective trousers. /ire-resistive coats and protective trousers meeting
all of the re$uirements contained in #/P' +=;+-+=;7, Protective @lothing for tructural
/ire /ighters, are accepta!le as meeting the re$uirements of this standard. The lining is
re$uired to !e permanently attached to the outer shell. owever, it is permissi!le to attach
the lining to the outer shell material !y stitching in one area such as the neck. /astener
tape or snap fasteners may !e used to secure the rest of the lining to the outer shell to
facilitate cleaning. 1eference to permanent lining does not refer to a winter liner which is
a detacha!le e(tra lining used to give added protection to the wearer against the effects of
cold weather and wind.
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Hand )rote!tion. /ire fighters should wear protective gloves or a glove system. '
glove system consists of a com!ination of different gloves. The usual components of a
gloves, which provide thermal insulation to the hand, worn in com!ination with a second
pair of gloves which provide protection against flame, cut and puncture. Protective gloves
should provide de(terity and a sense of feel for o!jects. @riteria and test methods for
de(terity are contained in the #I* pu!lications, GThe ?evelopment of @riteria for
/irefighters 6loves Jol. I3 6love 1e$uirements,H and Jol. II3 6love @riteria and Test
Aethods.H These #I* pu!lications also contain a permissi!le modified version of
/ederal Test Aethod +=+, Aethod 7=>4, 8paragraph of 'ppendi( E9 for flame resistance
when gloves, rather than glove materials, are tested for flame resistance.
Head e%e and $a!e )rote!tion. ead protective devices which meet the
re$uirements contained in #/P' #o. +=;2 are capa!le as meeting the re$uirements of
this standard for head protection. ead protective devices are re$uired to !e provided
with earflaps so that the earflaps will !e availa!le if needed. It is recommended that the
ear protection always !e used while fighting interior structural fires.
Aany head protective devices are e$uipped with face shields to protect the eyes
and face. These face shields as permissi!le as meeting the eye and face protection
re$uirements of this paragraph as long as such face shields meet the re$uirements of the
general safety and health standards.
'dditionally, full face pieces, helmets or hoods of approved !reathing apparatus
are also accepta!le as meeting the eye and face protection re$uirements. It is recommend
that a flame resistant protective head covering such as hood or snood, which will not
adversely affect the seal of a respirator face piece, !e worn during interior structural fire
fighting operations to protect the sides of the face and hair.
CHAPTER <
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RESPONSI.LE SA&ETY O&&ICER
General State#ent
The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer is the person who has !een delegated the authority to
develop and administer Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc."s health and safety program.
Dtie'
)y law, the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer is the person designated !y the company with the
duty and responsi!ility to implement and maintain Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc."s Injury and
Illness Prevention Program. The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer is assigned the responsi!ility of
providing technical guidance and services in the field of health and safety needed !y Engr.
'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. management. To fulfill this o!jective the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer is
re$uired to3
Provide management at all levels with the information, advice, and assistance
needed to formulate Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc."s health and safety policy,
directives, procedures, and standards.
'ssist management at all levels in esta!lishing and maintaining a healthful and
safe working environment free from unaccepta!le risks, in conformance with
*' health and safety guidelines and in compliance with applica!le standards,
codes, and regulations. Aonitor operations within Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc., and where
appropriate at off-site facilities, provide management with the information
needed to maintain a healthful and safe working environment, free from
unaccepta!le risks.
?evelop and provide general safety education and training programs.
'ssist in the development of specific jo! safety training programs.
?evelop plans and train response personnel to control emergency situations
8earth$uake, radiation, injury, fire, etc9.
Provide health and safety support services assigned !y the @ompany *fficer to
whom the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer reports.
Aaintain a staff of specialists or consultants knowledgea!le in all areas of safety.
Prepare and maintain Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc."s ealth and afety
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Aanual and other documents that relate to safety.
pecify proper protective e$uipment for issuing to employees.
@heck all plans of new projects for construction safety, industrial safety, and
other safety reviews as re$uired !y the *' and Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana
Inc. regulations.
top ha&ardous operations where life ha&ard or major property damage is
imminent and follow with documented evidence.
To carry out its responsi!ilities, the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer maintains a staff
of specialists and outside consultants in the appropriate environment, health, and
safety disciplines. These include3 @onstruction afety Engineering ervices,
Environmental Protection, Industrial ygiene, Baser afety, Aechanical afety,
#on-destructive Testing, *ccupational afety, 1adiation afety, afety Training
and Education, eismic afety.
&i(e &n!tion'
The functions of the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer are divided into five areas3
+. *perations
2. ealth Physics
4. Engineering ervices0 *ccupational afety
5. Industrial ygiene
7. Environmental Protection.
ome of these functions may !e delegated in whole or in part to staff and0or outside
consultants.
O)eration'
This area deals with the day-to-day safety operations of the Engr. 'le(ander ).
Trillana Inc.. It includes the following personnel3 /ield upervisors or /ield afety
*fficers help in the planning or preparation of ha&ardous projects and analysis of difficult
safety pro!lems. They provide on-site training protective e$uipment and other safety-
related e$uipment for ha&ardous operations evaluation of ventilation and air cleaning
e$uipment and radioactive or chemical source inventory. ?econtamination and Waste
?isposal @ontractors provide services to decontaminate special e$uipment assistance
with clean-up of radioactive or ha&ardous chemical spills collection and disposal of
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radioactive materials and ha&ardous chemicals. pecial Transportation @ontractor
provides services for receiving and shipping of radioisotopes and consultation on the
regulations concerning transportation of ha&ardous chemicals.
Radiation P0%'i!'
This area is composed of the following functions3 The 1adiation Physics ection
is primarily concerned with the radiation safety aspects of accelerators. The areas
of immediate concern are the following3
+. 1adiation intensity in occupied areas.
2. 'de$uacy of radiation safety interlock systems
4. 'ccess control to radiation areas
5. Proper sign and warning systems
7. 1eview and approval of facility radiation
:. *perational afety Procedures.
In addition, 1adiation Physics ection performs the following functions3
+. E(perimental !eam line safety analysis
2. hielding calculations for proposed new accelerators
4. 1adiation damage studies
5. ?evelopment of measurement instruments and techni$ues
7. E(perimental source term measurements
:. #eutron energy spectral measurements.
The S-1ay afety ection evaluates the use of (-ray e$uipment at Engr.
'le(ander ). Trillana Inc.. This is accomplished !y periodic radiation surveys, physical
inspection of (-ray facilities and log!ooks, approval of *perational afety Procedures,
and the receipt of @ertification of Training documents. This ection also advises on
matters of instrument selection, measurement techni$ues, and safety apparatus design
8interlocks, !arriers, monitors, etc.9 This ection files and distri!utes all documentation
generated !y the a!ove operations.
En"ineerin" O!!)ational Sa$et%
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The primary concern of this area is the general safety of Engr. 'le(ander ).
Trillana Inc.. Its responsi!ilities include3
*ccupational afety3 Investigation, statistical analysis, and review of
personal injury, property damage, and vehicle accident reports.
1ecommendation on protective clothing and e$uipment for eyes, head,
feet, and hands to prevent traumatic injury. Evaluation of material-
handling and storage facilities, such as manual and mechanical handling
devices, slings, ropes, chains, and hooks. 1eview of design, layout, and
code compliance of new or modified facilities and !uildings and follow-up
inspections of construction sites. 1ecommendation on proper use and care
of ladders, ramps, elevated walks, and work platforms.
1eview of traffic safety, such as traffic signs and markings, traffic
patterns, and layout planning. ?etermination of $ualified operators of
special vehicles and e$uipment.
Aechanical afety3 1eview0design0inspection of ha&ardous e$uipment.
'dvise on vehicle safety 8design, consultation9. 1ecommendation of
adherence to mechanical design codes, standards, and procedures.
Provision of non-destructive testing services. 1eviews of *perational
afety Procedure relating to ha&ardous e$uipment. eismic afety3 ?esignof anchoring or restraining devices. Inspections and consultations.
Interface with !uilding and construction contractors.
Ind'trial H%"iene
This function must recogni&e, evaluate, and recommend control for occupational
health ha&ards. *utside consultants are responsi!le for providing the following services3
♦ To(icology of occupational health ha&ards.
♦ @ontrol of non-ioni&ing electromagnetic spectrum ha&ards, such as lasers,
ultraviolet, infrared, and microwave-radio fre$uency radiation.
♦ Evaluation of ventilation for comfort, dilution, and local e(haust.
♦ #oise and sound analysis.
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♦ Illumination evaluation
♦ Environmental sanitation, such as food, water, and vector and pest control
♦ Aeasurement of physiological stresses, such a temperature e(tremes.
♦ Provisions of protective e$uipment, such as respiratory, hearing, and
special eye protection.
♦ @ontrol of !io-ha&ards
♦ Baser safety.
En(iron#ental Prote!tion
This area is involved with the identification and $uantification of environmental
$uality concerns, development and maintenance of operating permits, assessment of pollution a!atement programs, and liaison with environmental protection agencies. It
includes the following services3
Environmental monitoring
urveillance and analysis of contaminants in air, rain, surface water, soil, and
stack e(haust
'ir pollution control
Water pollution control
Polychlorinated !iphenyl inventory in transformers and capacitors
nderground tank monitoring and reporting
Treatment facilities permitting and sampling for regulatory compliance
Environmental remediation of contaminated sites.
Co##on &n!tion'
'll the functions of the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer include the following areas of
responsi!ilities3
♦ Environmental Aonitoring, including !oth workplace and office data collection
and measurement techni$ues
♦ ?econtamination and Waste ?isposal
♦ afety 1esource Bi!rary Aaintenance.
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The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer should either maintain or have the @ompany
maintain a li!rary that contains copies of codes, standards, safety manuals, and reports
that regulate Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc."s safety program.
The li!rary also contains copies of te(ts and reports regarding health and safety.
Industrial ygiene and Environmental Protection. ealth Physics la!oratory. Aaintain
e(tra protective clothing, safety glasses and safety shoes for guests and e(isting
employees needing temporary replacement of their protective e$uipment.
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CHAPTER =
EMERGENCIES
Or"ani2ation
Engr.'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. re$uires that every emergency an organi&ed effort
!e made to protect personnel from further injury and to minimi&e property damage. 'll of
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc"s resources can !e made availa!le to respond to an
emergency. Each supervisor must know what to do during an emergency in his or her area
and must !e certain that his or her employees understand their roles.
Ma'ter E#er"en!% Re')on'e Plan
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc"s Emergecy 1esponse Plan delineates lines of
authority and responsi!ility for emergency response. In this conte(t, a major emergency
may !e one of the following3
♦ a potential major loss to a !uilding or facility
♦ an emergency that involves more than one !uilding or facility
♦a situation in which a choice must !e made in the assignment of relativelevels of authority among emergency-response groups
♦ a potentials ha&ard to the surrounding community
♦ threat civil distur!ances or alert
♦ natural disasters such as earth$uakes, floods, and landslides
♦ and site wide electrical power or other utility failure.
?uring response to such major events. If deemed necessary !y management or
Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc., /ire or Police may !e summoned, and a pre-designated
succession of management personnel would determine who would take charge. The
primary responsi!ility person designated to !e in charge is to ensure that priorities are
esta!lished, that the response is appropriate and ade$uately implemented, and that the
proper notification are made. In most cases the direct involvement of local supervision
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and remedial action will !e necessary. 'de$uate emergency response will !e made at the
group, department, and !uilding levels, with support from /ire, Aedical, Protective
ervices, and other support organi&ations.
's a practical matter it must !e recogni&ed that management personnel arenormally on site only 5> of the +:< hours per week. Thus, there may !e considera!le
delay !efore management personnel can assume on-site direction of major emergencies.
This highlights the importance of local initiative, at least at the onset of an emergency.
The underlying philosophy of the emergency response plan is the recognition that each
employee has a vital role and a !asic responsi!ility in the area of safety and emergency
action. The only reasona!le e(pectation is that at the onset of an emergency the initial
response will !e at the individual level. Immediate and knowledgea!le action is vital.
The emergency plans for individual !uildings and facilities set forth the response
to !e taken !y employees following the discovery of an emergency. /ollowing the
immediate measures taken !y the individual, the responsi!ility for action will normally
proceed upward through normal organi&ational lines of authority to the )uilding Aanager
and to emergency-response groups. Involvement of individuals at a higher level of
responsi!ility proceed downward from top management while action and response levels
proceed upward from the first person involved.
?on"t !e afraid to call outside assistance like police and firefighters. ?ial =++.
When the police, firefighters or paramedics arrive, surrender command to a $ualified
emergency specialist. #otify management as soon a s practical, which means after all
immediate responses have !een e(ercised. The operator at =++ will tell you who is the
person in-charge of the speciali&ed personnel assigned to respond to the emergency.
'n orderly transfer of responsi!ility is then made from the local !uilding or
facility organi&ation to this responding unit. The e(amples listed !elow identify the mostlikely outside incident commander for the following types of emergencies3
Injury3 1anking /ire *fficer or Physician
/ire3 1anking /ire *fficer
)om! Threat3 1anking Police *fficer
@ivil ?istur!ance3 1anking Police *fficer
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1adioactive or @hemical pills3 1anking /ire *fficer 1esponsi!le afety *fficer
pecial To(ic @lean p crew or 'lternate Power *utrage3 Pacific 6as and
Electric or local Plant Power Engineer
Aechanical tility /ailures3 @onstruction and Aaintenance ?epartment
uperintendent
tructural Plant /ailures3 Engineering ?epartment ead or alternate
In most emergencies the person who should !e in charge is o!vious. owever, an
emergency might arise that re$uires the major involvement of more than one emergency-
response group. In such a case the ultimate authority among those on the scene may not
!e o!vious. In this event, management should !e consulted for direction.
.ildin" E#er"en!% Plan
' specific emergency plan for each !uilding or facility must !e prepared under the
direction of the )uilding Aanager. ' )uilding Aanager and ?eputy Aanager must !e
appointed and oriented for each !uilding or comple(. 6enerally, the )uilding Aanager is
the person in charge of a !uilding or facility. The )uilding Aanager has specific
responsi!ility for the preparation, updating and implementation of the emergency plan for
this area. This responsi!ility includes recommending personnel to attend indoctrination
and training programs.
pecifically, each plan must contain the following information and procedures as
appropriate for each !uilding3
• The names of the )uilding Aanager, ?eputy Aanager, and 'ssistant
Aanager8s9.
• ' list of people with specific duties during an emergency and a
description of their duties. /or e(ample, specific people should !e
assigned to supervise evacuation and to carry out a rapid search of the area
8assuming this can !e done safely9.
• /loor plans showing evacuation routes, the location of shutoff switches
and valves for the utility systems 8water, gas, electricity9, and the locations
of emergency e$uipment and supplies 8including medical9. Indications on
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the floor plans of areas where specific ha&ards 8i.e., to(ic, flamma!le,
and0or radioactive materials9 e(ist.
• Bocation and description of special ha&ards or ha&ardous devices should
!e included in the te(t together with shutdown procedures if applica!le.
• ?esignation of a primary assem!ly point for evacuees, well away from the
!uilding. 'n alternate site should also !e designated in case the choice
cannot !e used.
• 1eentry procedures. #o one should reenter an evacuated !uilding or area
without specific instructions from the )uilding Aanager or other person in
charge.
• ?epartment ead and upervisor responsi!ilities regarding emergency
preparedness and action procedures.
• Emergency plans for facilities or e$uipment re$uiring an *perational afety
Procedure 8*P9.
O)erational Sa$et% Pro!edre'
*P"s for individual facilities or pieces of e$uipment must include emergency plans for
the facilities or e$uipment.
S)er(i'or Re')on'i*ilitie'
?uring an emergency, the supervisor must3 Ensure that those under his or her
supervision are familiar with the plan for the !uilding, particularly the recommended e(it
routes and how to report an emergency. 1ender assistance to the person in charge during
an emergency, as re$uired. Aaintain familiarity with the shutdown procedures for all
e$uipment used !y those under his or her supervision. Cnow the location and use of all
safety e$uipment on his or her floor. Ceep employees from reentering an evacuated area
until reentry is safe.
No Loiterin" Poli!%
Employees not involved in the emergency must stay away from the scene and
follow the instructions issued over the pu!lic address system or directly from the person
in charge. The sounding of a fire !ell means immediate evacuation !y the nearest e(it.
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Employees must not reenter an area that they have evacuated until notified that it is safe
to return.
E#)lo%ee Re')on'i*ilitie'
Employees, other than emergency-response groups, involved in any emergency
greater than a minor incident are e(pected to act as follows3 If there is a threat of further
injury or further e(posure to ha&ardous material, remove all injured persons, if possi!le,
and leave the immediate vicinity. If there is no threat of further injury or e(posure, leave
seriously injured personnel where they are. 1eport the emergency immediately !y phone.
tate what happened, the specific location, whether anyone was injured, and your name
and phone num!er.
Proceed with first aid or attempt to control the incident only if you can do so
safely and have !een trained in first aid or the emergency response necessary to control
the incident. how the ranking emergency-response officer where the incident occurred,
inform him or her of the ha&ards associated with the area, provide any other information
that will help avoid injuries, and do as he or she re$uests.
Ha2ardo' C0e#i!al E/)o're'
In any company which utili&es chemical su!stances, a training program on the
handling, ha&ards, storage, e(posure risks, symptoms of chemical e(posure, and first aid
needs to !e part of any new employees training, There must also !e follow-up training
sessions as to any new chemical or processes that may !e initiated !y the company.
/ollow-up training sessions act as a reinforcement of safety standards that need to !e
followed on a daily !asis. In a training program, employees will learn accepta!le levels of
chemical e(posure, proper storage and la!eling of chemicals, and usage of protective
clothing and e$uipment for handling chemicals. They will also learn a!out potential fire
an to(icity ha&ards, when not to have a chemical in confined area, or to store in closedcontainers, usage of eye wash fountains and safety showers, and the necessary posting of
open, and dangerous areas. It is important that an employee recogni&e the Threshold
Bimit Jalues or Permissi!le E(posure Bimits or air!orne contaminants and physical
agents in the workplace.
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' procedural manual or set of instructions must !e part of the program, with
periodic inspections that clearly indicate whether an employee may !e mishandling a
chemical or endangering himself or others. Part of the manual or procedures must
esta!lish a standard of when an how to deal with chemical spills, neutrali&ing, and
disposing of spills or overflows. These procedures must also !e posted in an area that is
easily accessi!le reference usage. /irst 'id training and e$uipment will !e routine in any
facility where chemicals are used.
Employees must know how to handle e$uipment in emergency situations, what
e$uipment needs to !e used and whether the e$uipment is ade$uate for the situation.
1espirators may !e used either as protective safety e$uipment or for emergency usage,
Therefore, the employees should recogni&e that respirators need to !e stored in a clean,
sanitary and convenient location and inspected on a regular !asis. 'lso what respirators
are approved !y #I* for their particular applications.
With a first aid program an employee will recogni&e when a pro!lem may !e
occurring !y e(posure to a chemical ranging from headaches, nausea, dermatitis
pro!lems to other factors of discomfort when they use solvents or chemicals. In the
design of a facility that transports chemicals from storage containers must !e clearly
marked. Within that facility design there must !e and emergency shut off system in case
of accident. Each employees will !e trained as to these emergency shut-off systems.
Jentilation is another major factor in the design of any facility. Whether !y
natural means or mechanical, the system must !e designed to controls dust, fumes,
solvents, gases, smoke or vapors which may!e generated in the workplace. It is also
important that a medical or !iological monitoring system !e in operation as part of the
safety standards. If internal com!ustion engines are used in the facility, or if there is
chance of leakage or mi(ture with a chemical that could create a to(ic gas, atmospheric
gas levels must !e monitored. If to(ic chemicals are used and stored in the facility they
should !e located in an isolated area to guarantee safety.
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@'PTE1 7
A'TE1I'B '#?BI#6
Introd!tion
Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc. re$uires that safety planning and practices for
commonplace tasks !e as thorough as for operations with unusual ha&ards. @ommonplace
tasks make up the greater part of the daily activities of most employees and, not
une(pectedly, offer more potential sources of accidents with injuries and property
damage. Every operation or work assignment !egins and ends with handling of materials.
Whether the material is a piece of paper 8paper cuts are painful9 or a cylinder of to(ic gas,
accident risks can !e reduced with thorough planning. Identifying o!vious and hidden
ha&ards should !e the first step in planning work methods and jo! practices. Thorough
planning should include all the steps associated with good management from jo!
conception through crew and e$uipment decommissioning.
Aost of the material presented in this chapter is related to the commonplace and o!vious.
#evertheless, a majority of the incidents leading to injury, occupational illness, and property
damage stem for failure to o!serve the principles associated with safe materials handling and
storage. ' less o!vious ha&ard is potential failure of used or e(cessive motori&ed handling or
lifting e$uipment. The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer must !e notified whenever it is desired to
ac$uire a crane, forklift truck, or other motori&ed handling or lifting e$uipment from e(cess
sources.
Li$tin" and Mo(in"
Bifting and moving of o!jects must !e done !y mechanical devices rather than !y manual
effort whenever this is practical. The e$uipment used must !e appropriate for the lifting or
moving task. Bifting and moving devices must !e operated only !y personnel trained and
authori&ed to operate them. Employees must not !e re$uired to lift heavy or !ulky o!jects that
overta( their physical condition or capa!ility.
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Ri""in"
Planning for safe rigging and lifting must !egin at the design stage, and lifting
procedures must !e developed for assem!ly and installation. The lifting procedures
should !e developed and discussed with the rigging crew fore person. 1esponsi!ility for
all rigging jo!s is shared !etween the rigging crew and the customer. The customer is
responsi!le for defining and re$uesting the move, for providing technical information on
relevant characteristics of the apparatus, including special lifting fi(tures when re$uired,
for providing suggestions on rigging and moving, and for assigning someone to represent
them !oth in planning and while the jo! is !eing carried out.
The riggers are responsi!le for final rigging and for carrying out whatever moves
have !een designated. )efore any movement takes place, however, each representative
must approve the rigging and other procedures associated with the intended move. Each
must respect the responsi!ility and authority of the other to prevent or terminate any
action he or she judges to !e unsafe or otherwise improper.
The supervisor must make certain that personnel know how to move o!jects
safely !y hand or with mechanical devices in the operations normal to the area and must
permit only those employees who are formally $ualified !y training and certification to
operate a fork truck, crane, or hoist. The supervisor must enforce the use of safe lifting
techni$ues and maintain lifting e$uipment in good mechanical condition. Employees are
re$uired to o!serve all esta!lished safety regulations relating to safe lifting techni$ues.
The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer provides training programs followed !y certification for
employees who have demonstrated the a!ility to operate fork trucks of up to 5-ton
capacity and for incidental crane operations that re$uire no special rigging.
Manal Li$tin" Rle'
Aanual lifting and handling of material must !e done !y methods that ensure the safety
of !oth the employees and the material. It is Engr. Alexander B. Trillana Inc policy that
employees whose work assignments re$uire heavy lifting !e properly trained and physically
$ualified, !y medical e(amination if deemed necessary. The following are rules for manual
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lifting3
♦ Inspect the load to !e lifted for sharp edges, slivers, and wet or greasy
spots.
♦ Wear gloves when lifting or handling o!jects with sharp or splintered
edges. These gloves must !e free of oil, grease, or other agents that may
cause a poor grip.
♦ Inspect the route over which the load is to !e carried. It should !e in plain
view and free of o!structions or spillage that could cause tripping or
slipping. @onsider the distance the load is to !e carried. 1ecogni&e the fact
your gripping power may weaken over long distances.
♦ i&e up the load and make a preliminary GheftH to !e sure the load is easily
within your lifting capacity. If it is not, get help.
♦ If team lifting is re$uired, personnel should !e similar in si&e and
physi$ue. *ne person should act as leader and give the commands to lift,
lower, etc.
♦ Two persons carrying a long piece of pipe or lum!er should carry it on the
same shoulder and walk in step. houlder pads should !e used to prevent
cutting shoulders and help reduce fatigue.
♦ To lift an o!ject off the ground, the following are manual lifting steps3
Aake sure of good footing and set your feet a!out +> to +7 inches apart. It
may help to set one foot forward of the other. 'ssume a knee-!end or
s$uatting position, keeping your !ack straight and upright. 6et a firm grip
and lift the o!ject !y straightening your knees not your !ack. @arry the
load close to your !ody 8not on e(tended arms9. To turn or change your
position, shift your feet don"t twist your !ack. The steps for setting an
o!ject on the ground are the same as a!ove, !ut in reverse.
Mechanical Lifting
Aechanical devices must !e used for lifting and moving o!jects that are too heavy or
!ulky for safe manual handling !y employees. Employees who have not !een trained
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must not operate power-driven mechanical devices to lift or move o!jects of any weight.
eavy o!jects that re$uire special handling or rigging must !e moved only !y riggers or
under the guidance of employees specifically trained and certified to move heavy o!jects.
Inspections
Each mechanical lifting or moving device must !e inspected periodically. Each lifting
device must also !e inspected !efore lifting a load near its rated capacity. ?efective
e$uipment must !e repaired !efore it is used. The rated load capacity of lifting e$uipment
must not !e e(ceeded. Aaterial moving e$uipment must !e driven forward going up a
ramp and driven !ackward going down a ramp. Traffic must not !e allowed to pass under
a raised load. The floor-loading limit must !e checked !efore mo!ile lifting e$uipmententers an area. Passengers must not !e carried on lifting e$uipment unless it is
specifically e$uipped to carry passengers.
Load Path Safety
Boads moved with any material handling e$uipment must not pass over any
personnel. The load path must !e selected and controlled to eliminate the
possi!ility of injury to employees should the material handling e$uipment fail.
E$uipment worked on while supported !y material handling e$uipment must have
a redundant supporting system capa!le of supporting all loads that could !e
imposed !y failure of the mechanical handling e$uipment. ' suspended load must
never !e left unattended !ut must !e lowered to the working surface and the
material handling e$uipment secured !efore leaving the load unattended.
Off Site Shipping
Aaterial !eing shipped off site must !e packed or crated !y competent shipping
personnel. )o(es, wooden crates, and other packing materials must !e safely consigned
to waste or salvage as soon as practica!le following unpacking.
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Truck Loading
'll o!jects loaded on trucks must !e secured to the truck to prevent any shifting of the
load in transit. The wheels of trucks !eing loaded or unloaded at a loading dock must !e
choked to prevent movement.
Clean Work Areas
'll areas controlled !y Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. must !e kept in orderly and clean
condition and used only for activities or operations for which they have !een approved.
The following specific rules must also !e followed3
Ceep stairs, corridors, and aisles clear.
Traffic lanes and loading areas must !e kept clear and marked appropriately.tore materials in work rooms or designated storage areas only.
?o not use hallways, fan lofts, or !oiler and e$uipment rooms as storage areas.
?o not allow e(its, passageways, or access to e$uipment to !ecome o!structed !y either
stored materials or materials and e$uipment that is !eing used.
'rrange stored materials safely to avoid tipping, falling, collapsing, rolling, or spreading
that is, any undesired and unsafe motion.
?o not e(ceed the rated floor capacity of stored material for the area. The load limit and
the ma(imum height to which material must !e stacked must !e posted.Place materials such as cartons, !o(es, drums, lum!er, pipe, and !ar stock in racks or in
sta!le piles as appropriate for the type of material.
tore materials that are radioactive, fissile, flamma!le, e(plosive, o(idi&ing, corrosive, or
pyrophoric only under conditions approved for the specific use !y the 1esponsi!le
afety *fficer.
egregate and store incompati!le materials in separate locations.
1emove items that will not !e re$uired for e(tended periods from work areas and put
them in warehouse storage.Temporary e$uipment re$uired for special projects or support activities must !e installed
so that it will not constitute a ha&ard.
@all for assistance.
' minimum clearance of 4: inches must !e maintained around electrical power panels.
Wiring and ca!les must !e installed in a safe and orderly manner, prefera!ly in ca!le
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must !e ree(amined at least once every three years.
?esignated operator0riggers must have 6overnment identification cards 8/ederal /orm
5:9, endorsed appropriately. )efore an employee may operate any of these cranes, the
supervisor must arrange for the crane-operator training on the appropriate crane.
uccessful completion of the training must include an oral or written e(amination on the
safety aspects of crane operation and a satisfactory demonstration of the operational
skills. The supervisor must determine that the applicant does not have any dis$ualifying
medical or physical disa!ilities !ased on esta!lished re$uirements.
Loading the Crane
The crane must not !e loaded !eyond its rated load e(cept for test purposes. oist chain
or hoist rope must !e free of kinks or twists and must not !e wrapped around the load.
@rane operators and floor persons must follow the *' re$uirements relating to
moving the load.
Design Parameters
The Engineering ?epartment is responsi!le for esta!lishing design parameters relating to
general re$uirements, ca!s, foot walks and ladders, stops, !umpers and rail sweeps,
!rakes, electric e$uipment, hoisting e$uipment, warning devices, and other appurtenances
to cranes as re$uired in *ccupational afety and ealth tandards, 2= @/1 +=+>.+;=. In
addition the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer shall esta!lish design parameters for !ridge
cranes and to incorporate provisions for maintenance work stations 8platforms, railings,
ladders, tie-off points, etc.9 that permit maintenance personnel to safely perform their
operations. @ranes must have the load capacity marked on each side of the !ridge or on
the rail in case of a monorail and ji! crane. Ao!ile cranes must have the load capacity
marked in a convenient location. The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer must review
specifications developed !y the Engineering ?epartment.
Crane Inspections Required
'll crane functional operating mechanisms for maladjustment interfering with proper
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operation and for e(cessive wear of components. *n days used inspection is re$uired !y
a crane operator. ?eterioration or leakage in lines, tanks, valves, drain pumps, and other
parts of air or hydraulic systems
ooks. *n days used inspection is re$uired !y a crane operator. 'nnual inspections must
have signed reports !y Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. or an outside Engineer. ooks
with cracks or having deformation more than +7 e(cess of normal throat opening or
more than +> degrees twist from the plane of the un!ent hook must !e discarded. Wire-
rope slings, including end connections, for e(cessive wear, !roken wires, stretch, kinking,
or twisting. Jisual inspection !y crane operator on days used.
The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer, the primary user or the )uilding Aanager must ensure
that an annual inspection is made. Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. or an outside Engineer
must inspect rope reeving for noncompliance with manufacturer"s recommendation
!efore first use and annually thereafter.
Si/ Mont0 Crane In')e!tion
'ccording to *' re$uirements a crane that has !een idle for a period of over si(
months must !e inspected !efore !eing placed in service.
Crane Maintenance
'll crane hooks and lifting fi(tures must !e magnaflu(ed at least every four years. This
will normally coincide with the certification load testing and inspection. The person in
charge of a crane may re$uest testing of hooks and0or lifting fi(tures more fre$uently
than every four years. The person in charge must give the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer a
schedule of the desired fre$uency for the testing of the hook so that disassem!ly of the
hook !lock can !e included in their schedule for preventive maintenance of a particular
crane.
unning opes Inspection
1unning ropes must !e thoroughly inspected at least once a year during the structural
inspection of the crane, and a full, written, dated, and signed report of rope conditions
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must !e kept on file.
OSHA Crane Standards
1outine maintenance, adjustments, and repairs must !e performed !y a $ualified
mechanic and reported to the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer according to each machine"s
esta!lished schedule and according to *' re$uirements.
!orklift Operators
The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer must !e notified whenever it is desired to ac$uire a crane
from e(cess sources.
OS"A Standards for !orklifts
/orklift users must familiari&e themselves with and comply with *' tandard 2= @/1
+=+>.+;< and '#I )7:.+. Aodifications and additions must not !e performed !y the
customer or user without manufacturer"s prior authori&ation or $ualified engineering
analysis. Where such authori&ation is granted, capacity, operation and maintenance
instruction plates, tags, or decals must !e changed accordingly. If the forklift truck is
e$uipped with front end attachments other than factory installed attachments, the user
must ensure that the truck is marked with a card or plate that identifies the current
attachments, shows the appro(imate weight of the truck with current attachments and
shows the lifting capacity of the truck with current attachments at ma(imum lift elevation
with load laterally centered. The user must see all nameplates and caution and instruction
markings are in place and legi!le. The user must consider that changes in load dimension
may affect truck capacities.
!orklifts
)ecause forklift trucks may !ecome ha&ardous if maintenance is neglected or incomplete,
procedures for maintenance must comply with '#I )7:.+ ection ; and *'
tandard 2= @/1 +=+>.+; g.
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!orklift #$tension
Aa(imum efficiency, relia!ility, and safety re$uire that the use of fork e(tensions !e
guided !y principles of proper application, design, fa!rication, use, inspection, and
maintenance. The user must notify the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer !efore purchasing
e(tensions or having then fa!ricated. /ork e(tensions are only appropriate for occasional
use. When longer forks are needed on a regular !asis, the trucks should !e
e$uipped with standard forks of a longer length. 1outine on-the-jo! inspection must !e
made !y the forklift operator !efore each use unless, in the judgment of the supervisor,
less fre$uent inspections are reasona!le !ecause of his or her knowledge of its use since
the last inspection.
E(tensions must !e inspected for evidence of !ending, overload, e(cess corrosion,
cracks, and any other deterioration likely to affect their safe use. 'll fork e(tensions must
!e proof load tested to esta!lish or verify their rated capacities, whether they were
supplied commercially or fa!ricated at Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc.. ' load e$ual to
the rated capacity of the pair at a particular load center multiplied !y +.+7 must !e placed
on each fork e(tension pair and fork assem!ly and supported for a period of five minutes
without any significant deformation.
1ated capacity must !e determined at significant load centers, including the midpoint of
the e(tension and at the tip. *nce determined, the rated capacity and load center
information must !e shown !y stamping or tagging the e(tensions in a protected location
of low stress. The proof load test must !e witnessed !y a mechanical engineer or
designer. Whenever evidence of deterioration is detected or whenever the e(tensions have
!een overloaded, magnetic particle inspection must !e performed.
Safety Inspection% esponsi&ility
Each operator is responsi!le for the safety inspection of his or her lifting devices 8such as
screw pin shackles, hoist rings, commercial e$uipment, etc.9 and for its lifting fi(tures
8such as spreader !ars, special slings, Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc.-designed
e$uipment etc.9. 'll lifting fi(tures designed at Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. must !e
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proof tested to twice their ma(imum rated loads !efore they are placed in service. '
magnetic particle inspection or other appropriate crack detection inspection is re$uired
after the proof test. The capacity must !e marked on the lifting fi(ture so that it is clearly
visi!le to the e$uipment operator.
'll lifting device pins of 2-inch diameter or larger must have a magnetic particle
inspection !efore they are placed in service. 'll lifting fi(tures must !e inspected at least
once every four years 8or upon re$uest9, using magnetic particle detection, or other
appropriate methods. The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer must ensure that proof testing is
performed on all lifting fi(tures designed at Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. !efore they
are placed in service that ade$uate test records are kept and that the lifting devices and
fi(tures are used and maintained correctly. pon re$uest, the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer
will provide a current test report to the user. /or e$uipment designed at Engr. 'le(ander
). Trillana Inc., the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer must provide the user with the
information re$uired to operate lifting device or fi(tures safely.
Design Stress
The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer is responsi!le for the design, fa!rication, and testing of
lifting fi(tures. The design stress for lifting fi(tures must not e(ceed one-fifth 8+079 the
ultimate strength of the material at the operating temperature. If welded fa!rication is
used, the design stress must take into consideration any weakening effects of welding,
such as those that occur in aluminum alloys. If practical, avoid welding in the fa!rication
of lifting fi(tures however, if welding is used, design and fa!rication must conform to
the latest standards of the 'merican Welding ociety. 8'W9. @areful, thoughtful design
and follow-up are re$uired.
The following rules apply when designing welded units3
There must !e no possi!ility of su!jecting welds to tearing loads.
tresses in welds must su!stantially uniform.
Where possi!le, design lifting fi(tures so that the main loads are carried only !y
structural mem!ers, plates, or shear pins rather than !y welds. E(amine this possi!ility
carefully.
Welded fa!rication must !e proof tested twice the ma(imum rated load followed !y a
magnetic particle inspection other appropriate crack inspection method.
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Primary load carrying welds and welds in tension must !e (-rayed.
The screw-thread engagement re$uired for conservative development of the full strength
of a screw fastener depends upon the screw fastener material and the material of the
threaded mem!er. If the fastener is made of the same material as the female threaded
mem!er, e.g., a low-car!on steel !olt and a hole threaded into low-car!on steel, an
engagement of at least +-+02 diameters is re$uired.
' hardened steel screw 8'llen crew9 in mild steel re$uires at least 2-diameters
engagement.
' low-car!on screw fastener, threaded into a tapped hole in aluminum alloy, copper, or
cast iron must have threaded engagement of +-+02 diameters.
*ther material com!inations must !e approved !y the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer.
afety hoist rings may !e used to make lifts up to their rated load when screwed 2 hoist
ring !olt diameters into materials such as aluminum alloy, copper, or cast iron.
When special high strength !olts are re$uired, consider the use of nonstandard pitch
threads to avoid the possi!ility of using the wrong !olt in the lifting device.
'ny !olt used as part of Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc.-designed lifting fi(tures or
pickup devices must !e tested to two times its rated load. ' crack detection inspection
must !e performed after the load test to ensure soundness.
It is desira!le to maintain a supply of tested !olts in the event that one is lost. *nce a
lifting device or fi(ture is in the hands of the user, it is the user"s responsi!ility to ensure
that the proper !olt inserted into the proper depth and correctly tor$ued.
Crane Loads
When e$uipment is designed to !e crane lifted at a single point with a single-!olt pickup
device, the vertical lifting load through the screw thread of the !olt must !e in line with
the a(is of the !olt so that load will remain level when it is lifted. With this !olt
alignment the lift will !e through the center of gravity and will !e safer since the load
will not tilt or kick out when it is lifted. ' single-!olt pickup device, such as a afetyoist 1ing or e$uivalent carefully designed and maintained in-house device, must !e
used.
When a load is to crane-lifted !y slings from a crane hook through 2, 4, or 5 single-load
pickup points located at the corners of the load, and without the use of spreader !ar, the
forces at the lift points will !e nonvertical. In this case, a single !olt pickup device, such
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as safety hoist ring or e$uivalent carefully designed and maintained in-house device,
must !e used at each pickup point.
The use of eye !olts with shoulders is permitted for lifting light incidental loads after
receiving approval from the crane certified operator or supervisor and when the following
conditions are met3 The load is in line with the a(is of the eye !olt and side loads are
minimal 8a spreader !ar may !e re$uired9. The average stress at the root area of the
thread does not e(ceed 7>>> psi. The thread engagement is at least two !olt diameters.
@hapter :3 Protective E$uipment
Introduction
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. will provide suita!le e$uipment to protect employees
from ha&ards in the workplace. The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer will advise on what
protective e$uipment is re$uired for the task, !ut the supervisor of the operation must
o!tain this e$uipment and see that it is used. Protective clothing is not a su!stitute for
ade$uate engineering controls.
Protection Issued
Protective clothing will !e issued to the employees who work with ha&ardous material for
the purpose of protecting their health and safety. The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer is
availa!le for consultation as needed.
Radiation Monitoring
Protective clothing must !e monitored for radioactive contamination !efore !eing sent to
the laundry.
Protective Shoes
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. encourages the wearing of safety shoes !y making them
availa!le to any employees at a cost from a manufacturer. /or certain types of work the
wearing of safety shoes is re$uired !y @ompany policy or !y federal regulations.
E(amples are when employees are e(posed to foot injuries from hot, corrosive, or
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poisonous su!stances in shops, in e$uipment handling, or in construction jo!s where
there is a danger of falling o!jects or in a!normally wet locations.
Protective Gloves
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. provides proper hand protection to employees e(posed to
known hand ha&ards. The supervisor must o!tain the suita!le hand protection and ensure
that it is used. The individual department must maintain a supply of special or
infre$uently used hand protection. 'ssistance in selecting the proper hand protection may
!e o!tained !y consulting the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer.
Head Protection
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. provides appropriate head protection devices for
employees to protect them from head or other injuries that could result from their
working environment. ome head protection devices are availa!le from stock. The
supervisor must also maintain sufficient supply of head protection devices for visitors in
the area.
Eye Protection
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. provides appropriate eye protection devices for
employees assigned to tasks in which an eye-injury ha&ard e(ists. The supervisor of the
operation is responsi!le for determining the need for suita!le eye protection devices and
for ensuring that the employees use them. The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer and
appropriate Aedical ervices 'gency will assist the supervisor in defining eye-ha&ard
operations and in selecting appropriate eye protection.
'n optometrist is availa!le to issue, repair, adjust, and fit personal safety glasses and also
for consultation regarding occupational eye protection. The standard sign3 @'TI*I#,
E%E 'U'1? '1E', ?* #*T E#TE1 WIT*T E%E P1*TE@TI*#, must !e
posted in every area where eye protection is mandatory. 'll employees who work in such
an area must wear the eye protection issued to them. Every visitor to the area must also
!e provided with suita!le eye protection.
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Eye Protection Devices
Eye protection devices are classified in four categories3 Personal safety glasses, 6oggles,
face shields, etc. Temporary safety glasses provided to visitors in eye-ha&ard areas, Baser
safety eyewear.
Respiratory Protection
'ny operation that generates harmful air!orne levels of dust, fumes, sprays, mists, fogs,
smokes, vapors, or gases that may involve o(ygen-deficient atmospheres re$uires the use
of effective safety controls. This must !e accomplished, as mush as feasi!le, !y accepted
engineering control measures 8for e(ample, enclosure or confinement of the operation,
general and local ventilation, and su!stitution of less to(ic materials9. When effective
engineering control measures are not feasi!le, or while they are !eing instituted,
appropriate respiratory protection must !e used in accordance with Engr. 'le(ander ).
Trillana Inc. re$uirements as prescri!ed !y *' in '#I 2<<.2-+=<>, tandard
Practices for 1espiratory Protection.
Responsibilities
To ensure that respiratory protection program is conducted in accordance with '#I2<<.2-+=<>, certain responsi!ilities are re$uired of each employee, supervisor,
1esponsi!le afety *fficer, and the Aedical ervices ?epartment.
Employees are responsi!le for3
Wearing the respirator in accordance with the instructions and training received.
Aaintaining and storing the respirator in good condition.
1eturning the respirator at the end of the re$uired use for overhaul, cleaning, and
disinfection.
upervisors are responsi!le for3
• Identifying those employees who may need to use respiratory protection
81esponsi!le afety *fficer will provide assistance upon re$uest in this
determination9.
• Ensuring that their employees have !een properly trained and fitted.
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• Ensuring that their employees use the respirators as re$uired.
The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer is responsi!le for3
•Providing respiratory e$uipment.
• Aaintaining the e$uipment in good condition.
• /itting employees with proper respirators and providing training for their use.
Evaluating employees e(posures and work conditions, including inspection of
respirator use.
• The Aedical ervices ?epartment is responsi!le for granting medical approval for each respirator user.
Respiratory Equipment
The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer has selected the types of respiratory protective e$uipment
to !e used at Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc.. 'ny changes to protective e$uipment, its
application, or the su!stitution of alternative protective e$uipment must !e approved !y
the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer !efore its use. Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. has a wide
variety of respiratory protective e$uipment availa!le. Each respirator has certain
capa!ilities and limitations that are taken into account when issued. The types of
respiratory protective devices provided !y Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. are descri!ed
!elow.
?isposa!le dust masks are approved for protection against low 8non-ha&ardous9 levels of
nuisance dusts. They provide no protection against vapors, or gases, and they cannot !e
used in o(ygen-deficient areas. There are no applica!le training or fitting restrictions.
'ir-purifying, and half- and full-face masks are approved for protection against low
concentration of to(ic particulates, organic vapors, acid gases, and ammonia. pecific
cartridges must !e selected for protection against each material. They must never !e used
in atmospheres deficient in o(ygen, when car!on mono(ide or o(ides of nitrogen are
suspected, or when conditions prevent a good face seal. uch conditions may !e a growth
of !eard, side!urns, a skullcap that projects under the face-piece or temple pieces on
eyeglasses. sers must !e trained, fitted, and medically approved !efore they can !e
issued a respirator.
upplied-air, half-and full face masks may !e used in atmospheres unsuita!le for air-
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purifying respirators !ut cannot !e used in areas which are immediately dangerous to life
or health. @ompressors are normally used to supply !reathing air, !ut compressed air
cylinders may also !e used. The user must !e medically approved, trained, and fitted
!efore using this e$uipment. Personnel will not !e fitted or issued a respirator if there is
any condition that may prevent a good face seal, such as a !eard, side!urns, skullcap, or
temple piece on eyeglasses.
upplied-air hoods are approved for respiratory protection in any atmosphere not
immediately dangerous to life or health, and from which the wearer can escape without
the aid of a respirator. The user must !e medically approved and trained in its proper use.
The presence of a !eard, side!urns, skullcap, or eyeglasses will not affect the
performance of this type of respirator.
@hapter :
Aaterials andling
Introd!tionEngr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. re$uires that safety planning and practices for
commonplace tasks !e as thorough as for operations with unusual ha&ards. @ommonplacetasks make up the greater part of the daily activities of most employees and, not
une(pectedly, offer more potential sources of accidents with injuries and property
damage. Every operation or work assignment !egins and ends with handling of materials.Whether the material is a piece of paper 8paper cuts are painful9 or a cylinder of to(ic gas,
accident risks can !e reduced with thorough planning. Identifying o!vious and hidden
ha&ards should !e the first step in planning work methods and jo! practices. Thorough
planning should include all the steps associated with good management from jo!conception through crew and e$uipment decommissioning.
Aost of the material presented in this chapter is related to the commonplace ando!vious. #evertheless, a majority of the incidents leading to injury, occupational
illness, and property damage stem for failure to o!serve the principles associated
with safe materials handling and storage. ' less o!vious ha&ard is potential failureof used or e(cessive motori&ed handling or lifting e$uipment. The 1esponsi!le
afety *fficer must !e notified whenever it is desired to ac$uire a crane, forklift
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truck, or other motori&ed handling or lifting e$uipment from e(cessed sources.
Li$tin" and Mo(in"
Bifting and moving of o!jects must !e done !y mechanical devices rather than !ymanual effort whenever this is practical. The e$uipment used must !e appropriate
for the lifting or moving task. Bifting and moving devices must !e operated only
!y personnel trained and authori&ed to operate them. Employees must not !ere$uired to lift heavy or !ulky o!jects that overta( their physical condition or
capa!ility.
Ri""in"
Planning for safe rigging and lifting must !egin at the design stage, and lifting
procedures must !e developed for assem!ly and installation. The lifting procedures should !e developed and discussed with the rigging crew fore person.
1esponsi!ility for all rigging jo!s is shared !etween the rigging crew and thecustomer. The customer is responsi!le for defining and re$uesting the move, for
providing technical information on relevant characteristics of the apparatus,
including special lifting fi(tures when re$uired, for providing suggestions onrigging and moving, and for assigning someone to represent them !oth in
planning and while the jo! is !eing carried out. The riggers are responsi!le for
final rigging and for carrying out whatever moves have !een designated. )eforeany movement takes place, however, each representative must approve the rigging
and other procedures associated with the intended move. Each must respect the
responsi!ility and authority of the other to prevent or terminate any action he or she judges to !e unsafe or otherwise improper.
The supervisor must make certain that personnel know how to move o!jects
safely !y hand or with mechanical devices in the operations normal to the areaand must permit only those employees who are formally $ualified !y training and
certification to operate a fork truck, crane, or hoist. The supervisor must enforce
the use of safe lifting techni$ues and maintain lifting e$uipment in goodmechanical condition. Employees are re$uired to o!serve all esta!lished safety
regulations relating to safe lifting techni$ues. The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer
provides training programs followed !y certification for employees who have
demonstrated the a!ility to operatePage :2
fork trucks of up to 5-ton capacity and for incidental crane operations that re$uire
no special rigging.
Manal Li$tin" Rle'
Aanual lifting and handling of material must !e done !y methods that ensure the
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safety of !oth the employees and the material. It is Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana
Inc policy that employees whose work assignments re$uire heavy lifting !e
properly trained and physically $ualified, !y medical e(amination if deemednecessary. The following are rules for manual lifting3
Inspect the load to !e lifted for sharp edges, slivers, and wet or greasy spots.
Wear gloves when lifting or handling o!jects with sharp or splintered edges.
These gloves must !e free of oil, grease, or other agents that may cause a poor grip.
Inspect the route over which the load is to !e carried. It should !e in plain view
and free of o!structions or spillage that could cause tripping or slipping. @onsider
the distance the load is to !e carried. 1ecogni&e the fact your gripping power mayweaken over long distances.
i&e up the load and make a preliminary GheftH to !e sure the load is easily within
your lifting capacity. If it is not, get help.
If team lifting is re$uired, personnel should !e similar in si&e and physi$ue. *ne person should act as leader and give the commands to lift, lower, etc.
Two persons carrying a long piece of pipe or lum!er should carry it on the sameshoulder and walk in step. houlder pads should !e used to prevent cutting
shoulders and help reduce fatigue.
To lift an o!ject off the ground, the following are manual lifting steps3 Aake sure
of good footing and set your feet a!out +> to +7 inches apart. It may help to setone foot forward of the other. 'ssume a knee-!end or s$uatting position, keeping
your !ack straight and upright. 6et a firm grip and lift the o!ject !y straightening
your knees not your !ack. @arry the load close to your !ody 8not on e(tended
arms9. To turn or change your position, shift your feet don"t twist your !ack.The steps for setting an o!ject on the ground are the same as a!ove, !ut in reverse.
Me!0ani!al Li$tin"
Aechanical devices must !e used for lifting and moving o!jects that are too heavyor !ulky for safe manual handling !y employees. Employees who have not !een
trained must not operate power-driven mechanical devices to lift or move o!jects
of any weight. eavy o!jects that re$uire special handling or rigging must !emoved only !y riggers or under the guidance of employees specifically trained
and certified to move heavy o!jects.
In')e!tion'
Each mechanical lifting or moving device must !e inspected periodically. Each
lifting device must also !e inspected !efore lifting a load near its rated capacity.
?efective e$uipment must !e repaired !efore it is used. The rated load capacity of
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lifting e$uipment must not !e e(ceeded. Aaterial moving e$uipment must !e
driven forward going up a ramp and driven !ackward going down a ramp. Traffic
must not !e allowed to pass under a raised load. The floor-loading limit must !echecked !efore mo!ile lifting e$uipment enters an area. Passengers must not !e
carried on lifting e$uipment unless it is specifically e$uipped to carry passengers.
Page :4
Load Pat0 Sa$et%
Boads moved with any material handling e$uipment must not pass over any
personnel. The load path must !e selected and controlled to eliminate the
possi!ility of injury to employees should the material handling e$uipment fail.E$uipment worked on while supported !y material handling e$uipment must have
a redundant supporting system capa!le of supporting all loads that could !e
imposed !y failure of the mechanical handling e$uipment. ' suspended load mustnever !e left unattended !ut must !e lowered to the working surface and the
material handling e$uipment secured !efore leaving the load unattended.
O$$ Site S0i))in"
Aaterial !eing shipped off site must !e packed or crated !y competent shipping personnel. )o(es, wooden crates, and other packing materials must !e safely
consigned to waste or salvage as soon as practica!le following unpacking.
Tr!, Loadin"
'll o!jects loaded on trucks must !e secured to the truck to prevent any shifting
of the load in transit. The wheels of trucks !eing loaded or unloaded at a loading
dock must !e choked to prevent movement.
Clean Wor, Area'
'll areas controlled !y Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. must !e kept in orderly
and clean condition and used only for activities or operations for which they have
!een approved. The following specific rules must also !e followed3
Ceep stairs, corridors, and aisles clear.
Traffic lanes and loading areas must !e kept clear and marked appropriately.
tore materials in work rooms or designated storage areas only.
?o not use hallways, fan lofts, or !oiler and e$uipment rooms as storage areas.
?o not allow e(its, passageways, or access to e$uipment to !ecome o!structed !y
either stored materials or materials and e$uipment that is !eing used.
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'rrange stored materials safely to avoid tipping, falling, collapsing, rolling, or
spreading that is, any undesired and unsafe motion.
?o not e(ceed the rated floor capacity of stored material for the area. The loadlimit and the ma(imum height to which material must !e stacked must !e posted.
Place materials such as cartons, !o(es, drums, lum!er, pipe, and !ar stock in racksor in sta!le piles as appropriate for the type of material.
tore materials that are radioactive, fissile, flamma!le, e(plosive, o(idi&ing,
corrosive, or pyrophoric only under conditions approved for the specific use !ythe 1esponsi!le afety *fficer.
egregate and store incompati!le materials in separate locations.
1emove items that will not !e re$uired for e(tended periods from work areas and
put them in warehouse storage.
Temporary e$uipment re$uired for special projects or support activities must !e
installed so that it will not constitute a ha&ard.Page :5
@all for assistance.
' minimum clearance of 4: inches must !e maintained around electrical power panels.
Wiring and ca!les must !e installed in a safe and orderly manner, prefera!ly in
ca!le trays.
Aachinery and possi!le contact points with electrical power must have
appropriate guarding. The controls for temporary e$uipment must !e located to prevent inadvertent actuation or awkward manipulation.
When heat-producing e$uipment must !e installed, avoid accidental ignition of com!usti!le materials or touching of surfaces a!ove :> degrees @ 8+5>° /9.
Every work location must !e provided with illumination that meets *'
re$uirements. Evaluation of illumination $uality and re$uirements is made !y the1esponsi!le afety *fficer, !ut the supervisor of an area is responsi!le for
o!taining and maintaining suita!le illumination.
'reas without natural lighting and areas where ha&ardous operations are
conducted must !e provided with enough automatically activated emergencylighting to permit e(it or entry of personnel if the primary lighting fails.
Crane'
There are two types of heavy duty cranes at Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc..)ridge cranes are classified as ca!-operated or pendant-operated. Ao!ile cranes
consist of a !oom and controls mounted on a truck chassis. )ridge and mo!ile
cranes must !e must !e operated only !y trained operators designated !y the
supervisor in charge of the facility. The supervisor is also responsi!le for ensuring
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that operators are trained, carrying out the inspections and following the safe
operating rules e(plained in the *perator01igger Training Program. The
*perator01igger Training Program is administered !y the 1esponsi!le afety*fficer. The training staff consists of a $ualified crane consultant, professional
riggers, and the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer.
There are two level of re$uired training and performance3
Professional *perator01igger. Person whose principal assignment includes crane
operation and rigging functions. The chief operator0rigger must ensure that those professional operator0rigger under his0her supervision maintain the necessary
$ualifications.
Incidental *perator01igger. Person who performs operating0rigging functions as
an incidental part of his0her normal work assignment. Persons in this category arerestricted to lower load limits and rigging of specific types of hardware. Incidental
operator0riggers must !e ree(amined at least once every three years.
?esignated operator0riggers must have 6overnment identification cards 8/ederal/orm 5:9, endorsed appropriately. )efore an employee may operate any of these
cranes, the supervisor must arrange for the crane-operator training on theappropriate crane. uccessful completion of the training must include an oral or
written e(amination on the safety aspects of crane operation and a satisfactory
demonstration of the operational skills. The supervisor must determine that theapplicant does not have any dis$ualifying medical or physical disa!ilities !ased
on esta!lished re$uirements.
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Loadin" t0e Crane
The crane must not !e loaded !eyond its rated load e(cept for test purposes. oist
chain or hoist rope must !e free of kinks or twists and must not !e wrapped
around the load. @rane operators and floor persons must follow the *'re$uirements relating to moving the load.
De'i"n Para#eter'
The Engineering ?epartment is responsi!le for esta!lishing design parameters
relating to general re$uirements, ca!s, foot walks and ladders, stops, !umpers andrail sweeps, !rakes, electric e$uipment, hoisting e$uipment, warning devices, and
other appurtenances to cranes as re$uired in *ccupational afety and ealth
tandards, 2= @/1 +=+>.+;=. In addition the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer shall
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esta!lish design parameters for !ridge cranes and to incorporate provisions for
maintenance work stations 8platforms, railings, ladders, tie-off points, etc.9 that
permit maintenance personnel to safely perform their operations. @ranes musthave the load capacity marked on each side of the !ridge or on the rail in case of a
monorail and ji! crane. Ao!ile cranes must have the load capacity marked in a
convenient location. The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer must review specificationsdeveloped !y the Engineering ?epartment.
Crane In')e!tion' Re3ired
'll crane functional operating mechanisms for maladjustment interfering with proper operation and for e(cessive wear of components. *n days used inspection
is re$uired !y a crane operator. ?eterioration or leakage in lines, tanks, valves,
drain pumps, and other parts of air or hydraulic systems
ooks. *n days used inspection is re$uired !y a crane operator. 'nnualinspections must have signed reports !y Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. or an
outside Engineer. ooks with cracks or having deformation more than +7 e(cess of normal throat opening or more than +> degrees twist from the plane of
the un!ent hook must !e discarded. Wire-rope slings, including end connections,
for e(cessive wear, !roken wires, stretch, kinking, or twisting. Jisual inspection !y crane operator on days used.
The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer, the primary user or the )uilding Aanager must
ensure that an annual inspection is made. Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. or an
outside Engineer must inspect rope reeving for noncompliance withmanufacturer"s recommendation !efore first use and annually thereafter.
Si/ Mont0 Crane In')e!tion
'ccording to *' re$uirements a crane that has !een idle for a period of over si( months must !e inspected !efore !eing placed in service.
Crane Maintenan!e
'll crane hooks and lifting fi(tures must !e magnaflu(ed at least every four years.
This will normally coincide with the certification load testing and inspection. The person in charge of a crane may re$uest testing of hooks and0or lifting fi(tures
more fre$uently than every four years. The person in charge must give the
1esponsi!le
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afety *fficer a schedule of the desired fre$uency for the testing of the hook sothat disassem!ly of the hook !lock can !e included in their schedule for
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preventive maintenance of a particular crane.
Rnnin" Ro)e' In')e!tion
1unning ropes must !e thoroughly inspected at least once a year during thestructural inspection of the crane, and a full, written, dated, and signed report of
rope conditions must !e kept on file.
OSHA Crane Standard'
1outine maintenance, adjustments, and repairs must !e performed !y a $ualified
mechanic and reported to the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer according to each
machine"s esta!lished schedule and according to *' re$uirements.
&or,li$t O)erator'
The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer must !e notified whenever it is desired to ac$uire
a crane from e(cess sources.
OSHA Standard' $or &or,li$t'
/orklift users must familiari&e themselves with and comply with *' tandard
2= @/1 +=+>.+;< and '#I )7:.+. Aodifications and additions must not !e
performed !y the customer or user without manufacturer"s prior authori&ation or $ualified engineering analysis. Where such authori&ation is granted, capacity,
operation and maintenance instruction plates, tags, or decals must !e changed
accordingly. If the forklift truck is e$uipped with front end attachments other thanfactory installed attachments, the user must ensure that the truck is marked with a
card or plate that identifies the current attachments, shows the appro(imate weight
of the truck with current attachments and shows the lifting capacity of the truck
with current attachments at ma(imum lift elevation with load laterally centered.The user must see all nameplates and caution and instruction markings are in
place and legi!le. The user must consider that changes in load dimension may
affect truck capacities.
&or,li$t'
)ecause forklift trucks may !ecome ha&ardous if maintenance is neglected or
incomplete, procedures for maintenance must comply with '#I )7:.+ ection ;and *' tandard 2= @/1 +=+>.+; g.
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&or,li$t E/ten'ion
Aa(imum efficiency, relia!ility, and safety re$uire that the use of fork e(tensions
!e guided !y principles of proper application, design, fa!rication, use, inspection,and maintenance. The user must notify the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer !efore
purchasing e(tensions or having then fa!ricated. /ork e(tensions are only
appropriate for occasional use. When longer forks are needed on a regular !asis,the trucks should !e
Page :;
e$uipped with standard forks of a longer length. 1outine on-the-jo! inspection
must !e made !y the forklift operator !efore each use unless, in the judgment of
the supervisor, less fre$uent inspections are reasona!le !ecause of his or her knowledge of its use since the last inspection.
E(tensions must !e inspected for evidence of !ending, overload, e(cess corrosion,cracks, and any other deterioration likely to affect their safe use. 'll fork
e(tensions must !e proof load tested to esta!lish or verify their rated capacities,
whether they were supplied commercially or fa!ricated at Engr. 'le(ander ).
Trillana Inc.. ' load e$ual to the rated capacity of the pair at a particular loadcenter multiplied !y +.+7 must !e placed on each fork e(tension pair and fork
assem!ly and supported for a period of five minutes without any significant
deformation.
1ated capacity must !e determined at significant load centers, including the
midpoint of the e(tension and at the tip. *nce determined, the rated capacity andload center information must !e shown !y stamping or tagging the e(tensions in a
protected location of low stress. The proof load test must !e witnessed !y a
mechanical engineer or designer. Whenever evidence of deterioration is detected
or whenever the e(tensions have !een overloaded, magnetic particle inspectionmust !e performed.
Sa$et% In')e!tion7 Re')on'i*ilit%
Each operator is responsi!le for the safety inspection of his or her lifting devices8such as screw pin shackles, hoist rings, commercial e$uipment, etc.9 and for its
lifting fi(tures 8such as spreader !ars, special slings, Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana
Inc.-designed e$uipment etc.9. 'll lifting fi(tures designed at Engr. 'le(ander ).Trillana Inc. must !e proof tested to twice their ma(imum rated loads !efore they
are placed in service. ' magnetic particle inspection or other appropriate crack
detection inspection is re$uired after the proof test. The capacity must !e marked
on the lifting fi(ture so that it is clearly visi!le to the e$uipment operator.
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'll lifting device pins of 2-inch diameter or larger must have a magnetic particle
inspection !efore they are placed in service. 'll lifting fi(tures must !e inspected
at least once every four years 8or upon re$uest9, using magnetic particle detection,or other appropriate methods. The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer must ensure that
proof testing is performed on all lifting fi(tures designed at Engr. 'le(ander ).
Trillana Inc. !efore they are placed in service that ade$uate test records are keptand that the lifting devices and fi(tures are used and maintained correctly. pon
re$uest, the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer will provide a current test report to the
user. /or e$uipment designed at Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc., the 1esponsi!leafety *fficer must provide the user with the information re$uired to operate
lifting device or fi(tures safely.
De'i"n Stre''
The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer is responsi!le for the design, fa!rication, and
testingof lifting fi(tures. The design stress for lifting fi(tures must not e(ceedone-fifth 8+079 the ultimate strength of the material at the operating temperature. If
welded fa!rication is used, the design stress must take into consideration anyweakening effects of welding, such as those that occur in aluminum alloys. If
practical, avoid welding in the fa!rication of lifting fi(tures however, if welding
is used, design and fa!rication must conform to the latest standards of the'merican Welding ociety. 8'W9. @areful, thoughtful design and follow-up are
re$uired.
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The following rules apply when designing welded units3
There must !e no possi!ility of su!jecting welds to tearing loads.
tresses in welds must su!stantially uniform.
Where possi!le, design lifting fi(tures so that the main loads are carried only !ystructural mem!ers, plates, or shear pins rather than !y welds. E(amine this
possi!ility carefully.
Welded fa!rication must !e proof tested twice the ma(imum rated load followed
!y a magnetic particle inspection other appropriate crack inspection method.
Primary load carrying welds and welds in tension must !e (-rayed.
The screw-thread engagement re$uired for conservative development of the fullstrength of a screw fastener depends upon the screw fastener material and the
material of the threaded mem!er. If the fastener is made of the same material as
the female threaded mem!er, e.g., a low-car!on steel !olt and a hole threaded intolow-car!on steel, an engagement of at least +-+02 diameters is re$uired.
' hardened steel screw 8'llen crew9 in mild steel re$uires at least 2-diameters
engagement.
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' low-car!on screw fastener, threaded into a tapped hole in aluminum alloy,
copper, or cast iron must have threaded engagement of +-+02 diameters.
*ther material com!inations must !e approved !y the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer.
afety hoist rings may !e used to make lifts up to their rated load when screwed 2
hoist ring !olt diameters into materials such as aluminum alloy, copper, or castiron.
When special high strength !olts are re$uired, consider the use of nonstandard
pitch threads to avoid the possi!ility of using the wrong !olt in the lifting device.
'ny !olt used as part of Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc.-designed lifting fi(turesor pickup devices must !e tested to two times its rated load. ' crack detection
inspection must !e performed after the load test to ensure soundness.
It is desira!le to maintain a supply of tested !olts in the event that one is lost.
*nce a lifting device or fi(ture is in the hands of the user, it is the user"sresponsi!ility to ensure that the proper !olt inserted into the proper depth and
correctly tor$ued.
Crane Load'
When e$uipment is designed to !e crane lifted at a single point with a single-!olt
pickup device, the vertical lifting load through the screw thread of the !olt must
!e in line with the a(is of the !olt so that load will remain level when it is lifted.With this !olt alignment the lift will !e through the center of gravity and will !e
safer since the load will not tilt or kick out when it is lifted. ' single-!olt pickup
device, such as a afety oist 1ing or e$uivalent carefully designed and
maintained in-house device, must !e used.When a load is to crane-lifted !y slings from a crane hook through 2, 4, or 5
single-load pickup points located at the corners of the load, and without the use of
spreader !ar, the forces at the lift points will !e nonvertical. In this case, a single !olt pickup device, such as safety hoist ring or e$uivalent carefully designed and
maintained in-house device, must !e used at each pickup point. The use of eye
!olts with shoulders is permitted for lifting light incidental loads after receivingapproval from the crane certified operator or supervisor and when the following
conditions are met3 The load is in line with the a(is of the eye !olt and side loads
are minimal 8a spreader !ar may !e re$uired9. The average stress at the root area
of the thread does not e(ceed 7>>> psi. The thread engagement is at least two !olt
diameters.
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@hapter ;
Protective E$uipment
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Introd!tion
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. will provide suita!le e$uipment to protect
employees from ha&ards in the workplace. The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer will
advise on what protective e$uipment is re$uired for the task, !ut the supervisor of the operation must o!tain this e$uipment and see that it is used. Protective
clothing is not a su!stitute for ade$uate engineering controls.
Prote!tion I''ed
Protective clothing will !e issued to the employees who work with ha&ardous
material for the purpose of protecting their health and safety. The 1esponsi!le
afety *fficer is availa!le for consultation as needed.
Radiation Monitorin"
Protective clothing must !e monitored for radioactive contamination !efore !eingsent to the laundry.
Prote!ti(e S0oe'
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. encourages the wearing of safety shoes !ymaking them availa!le to any employees at a cost from a manufacturer. /or
certain types of work the wearing of safety shoes is re$uired !y @ompany policy
or !y federal regulations. E(amples are when employees are e(posed to foot
injuries from hot, corrosive, or poisonous su!stances in shops, in e$uipmenthandling, or in construction jo!s where there is a danger of falling o!jects or in
a!normally wet locations.
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Prote!ti(e Glo(e'
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. provides proper hand protection to employees
e(posed to known hand ha&ards. The supervisor must o!tain the suita!le hand protection and ensure that it is used. The individual department must maintain a
supply of special or infre$uently used hand protection. 'ssistance in selecting the
proper hand protection may !e o!tained !y consulting the 1esponsi!le afety*fficer.
Head Prote!tion
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. provides appropriate head protection devices for employees to protect them from head or other injuries that could result from their
working environment. ome head protection devices are availa!le from stock.The supervisor must also maintain sufficient supply of head protection devices for
visitors in the area.
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E%e Prote!tion
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. provides appropriate eye protection devices for
employees assigned to tasks in which an eye-injury ha&ard e(ists. The supervisor of the operation is responsi!le for determining the need for suita!le eye protection
devices and for ensuring that the employees use them. The 1esponsi!le afety
*fficer and appropriate Aedical ervices 'gency will assist the supervisor indefining eye-ha&ard operations and in selecting appropriate eye protection.
'n optometrist is availa!le to issue, repair, adjust, and fit personal safety glassesand also for consultation regarding occupational eye protection. The standard
sign3 @'TI*#, E%E 'U'1? '1E', ?* #*T E#TE1 WIT*T E%E
P1*TE@TI*#, must !e posted in every area where eye protection is mandatory.
'll employees who work in such an area must wear the eye protection issued to
them. Every visitor to the area must also !e provided with suita!le eye protection.
E%e Prote!tion De(i!e'
Eye protection devices are classified in four categories3 Personal safety glasses,6oggles, face shields, etc. Temporary safety glasses provided to visitors in eye-
ha&ard areas, Baser safety eyewear.
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Re')irator% Prote!tion
'ny operation that generates harmful air!orne levels of dust, fumes, sprays, mists,
fogs, smokes, vapors, or gases that may involve o(ygen-deficient atmospheresre$uires the use of effective safety controls. This must !e accomplished, as mush
as feasi!le, !y accepted engineering control measures 8for e(ample, enclosure or
confinement of the operation, general and local ventilation, and su!stitution of less to(ic materials9. When effective engineering control measures are not
feasi!le, or while they are !eing instituted, appropriate respiratory protection must
!e used in accordance with Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. re$uirements as prescri!ed !y *' in '#I 2<<.2-+=<>, tandard Practices for 1espiratory
Protection.
Re')on'i*ilitie'
To ensure that respiratory protection program is conducted in accordance with'#I 2<<.2-+=<>, certain responsi!ilities are re$uired of each employee,
supervisor, 1esponsi!le afety *fficer, and the Aedical ervices ?epartment.
Employees are responsi!le for3
Wearing the respirator in accordance with the instructions and training received.
Aaintaining and storing the respirator in good condition.1eturning the respirator at the end of the re$uired use for overhaul, cleaning, and
disinfection.
upervisors are responsi!le for3Identifying those employees who may need to use respiratory protection
81esponsi!le afety *fficer will provide assistance upon re$uest in this
determination9.Ensuring that their employees have !een properly trained and fitted.
Ensuring that their employees use the respirators as re$uired.
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The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer is responsi!le for3
Providing respiratory e$uipment.Aaintaining the e$uipment in good condition.
/itting employees with proper respirators and providing training for their use.
Evaluating employees e(posures and work conditions, including inspection of respirator use.
The Aedical ervices ?epartment is responsi!le for granting medical approval
for each respirator user.
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Re')irator% E3i)#ent
The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer has selected the types of respiratory protective
e$uipment to !e used at Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc.. 'ny changes to
protective e$uipment, its application, or the su!stitution of alternative protectivee$uipment must !e approved !y the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer !efore its use.
Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. has a wide variety of respiratory protective
e$uipment availa!le. Each respirator has certain capa!ilities and limitations thatare taken into account when issued. The types of respiratory protective devices
provided !y Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. are descri!ed !elow.
?isposa!le dust masks are approved for protection against low 8non-ha&ardous9
levels of nuisance dusts. They provide no protection against vapors, or gases, and
they cannot !e used in o(ygen-deficient areas. There are no applica!le training or
fitting restrictions.
'ir-purifying, and half- and full-face masks are approved for protection against
low concentration of to(ic particulates, organic vapors, acid gases, and ammonia.pecific cartridges must !e selected for protection against each material. They
must never !e used in atmospheres deficient in o(ygen, when car!on mono(ide or
o(ides of nitrogen are suspected, or when conditions prevent a good face seal.uch conditions may !e a growth of !eard, side!urns, a skullcap that projects
under the face-piece or temple pieces on eyeglasses. sers must !e trained, fitted,
and medically approved !efore they can !e issued a respirator.
upplied-air, half-and full face masks may !e used in atmospheres unsuita!le for
air-purifying respirators !ut cannot !e used in areas which are immediatelydangerous to life or health. @ompressors are normally used to supply !reathingair, !ut compressed air cylinders may also !e used. The user must !e medically
approved, trained, and fitted !efore using this e$uipment. Personnel will not !e
fitted or issued a respirator if there is any condition that may prevent a good faceseal, such as a !eard, side!urns, skullcap, or temple piece on eyeglasses.
upplied-air hoods are approved for respiratory protection in any atmosphere notimmediately dangerous to life or health, and from which the wearer can escape
without the aid of a respirator. The user must !e medically approved and trained
in its proper use. The presence of a !eard, side!urns, skullcap, or eyeglasses will
not affect the performance of this type of respirator.
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@hapter <
/ire afety
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Introd!tion
Policy and planning for fire safety at Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. takes into
account the special fire ha&ards for specific operating areas, the protection of high-value property, and the safety of employees. These ends are met !y3
#on-com!usti!le or fire-rated materials and construction practices suita!le
to the assigned uses of !uildings and facilities.
'larm systems and automatic e(tinguishing systems.
'vaila!ility of suita!le hand e(tinguishers and local hose lines for use
!efore firefighters arrive.
'ccess to professional fire department, always staffed and trained in the
control of emergencies that could occur at the company. 8The /ire
?epartment makes the initial response to all re$uests for emergency aid
received on the emergency telephone num!er, =++.9 This chapter covers the fire safety responsi!ilities of employees and supervisors
and sets forth the fire safety rules and procedures.
&ire De)art#ent
The @ommunity /ire ?epartment is responsi!le for protecting people and property from fires, e(plosions, and other ha&ards through prevention and
e(peditious control of such events. In addition, the /ire ?epartment provides first-
response rescue and transportation services in medical emergencies. The /ire
?epartment"s inspection staff is responsi!le for ensuring company-widecompliance with fire safety and protection re$uirements and for reviewing all
plans and procedures for compliance with these re$uirements for inspecting andtesting automatic fire protection and alarm systems and ensuring their
maintenance and repair, for conducting fire safety and protection inspections and
for providing fire prevention recommendations.
*ther responsi!ilities include training employees in fire safety e$uipment,
practices and procedures. 'll these fire protection and response functions are
performed in conformance with *' regulations. tate law, Engr. 'le(ander ).Trillana Inc. policies, and nationally recogni&ed standards and guidelines for fire
and life safety. The /ire @hief and the /ire Aarshall have the authority to enforceapplica!le re$uirements of the niform )uilding @ode the niform /ire @ode #ational /ire Protection 'ssociation @odes 8including Bife afety @ode9,
tandards, and 1ecommended Practices and the fire protection provisions of
*' *rders.
'll employees must conduct their operations in such a way as to minimi&e the
possi!ility of fire. This means applying rules such as keeping com!usti!les
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separated from ignition sources, !eing careful a!out smoking, and avoiding
needless accumulations of com!usti!le materials. upervisors are responsi!le for
keeping their operating areas safe from fire. The 1esponsi!le afety *fficer andthe /ire ?epartment will provide guidance and construction criteria with respect
to fire and life safety as well as inspections. The provision and maintenance of fire
detection systems and !oth automatic and manual fire e(tinguishing e$uipment isthe responsi!ility of the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer. )ut the supervisor, who !est
knows the day-to-day nature of his0her operations, is responsi!le for notifying the
1esponsi!le afety *fficer of operations that change the degree of fire risk andwill therefore re$uire a change in the planned fire protection provisions.
S)er(i'or Re')on'i*ilitie'
upervisors must ensure that their personnel are properly instructed regarding
potential fire ha&ards involved in their work and around their workplace, the proper precautions to minimi&e fires, and the procedures in case of fire. The local
/ire ?epartment and the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer also offer formal courses and
training materials on fire prevention and response. Q/ire afetyQ /ireE(tinguisher *perationQ elf-@ontained )reathing 'pparatusQ
Cla'' A Co#*'ti*le'
@lass ' com!usti!les are common materials such as wood, paper, cloth, ru!!er, plastics, etc. /ires in any of these fuels can !e e(tinguished with water as well as
other agents specified for @lass ' fires. They are the most common fuels to !e
found in non-speciali&ed operating area of the workplace such as offices.
afe handling of @lass ' com!usti!les means3 ?isposing of waste daily. Ceeping
work area clean and free of fuel paths, which can spread a fire, once started.
Ceeping com!usti!les away from accidental ignition sources such as hot plates,soldering irons, or other heat or spark-producing devices. Ceeping all ru!!ish,
trash, or other waste in metal or metal-lined receptacles with tight-fitting covers
when in or adjacent to !uildings. 8E(ception3 waste!askets of metal or other materials and design approved for such use, which are emptied everyday, need not
!e covered9.
sing safe ashtrays for disposal of smoking materials and making sure that thecontents are e(tinguished and cold to the touch !efore emptying them into a safe
receptacle. Planning the use of com!usti!les in any operation so that e(cessive
amounts need not !e stored. toring paper stock in metal ca!inets and rags inmetal !ins with automatically closing lids. Aaking fre$uent inspections and
checks for non-compliance with these rules in order to catch fire in the potential
stage.
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Cla'' . Co#*'ti*le'
@lass ) com!usti!les are flamma!le and com!usti!le li$uids 8including oils,
greases, tars, oil-!ased paints, lac$uers9 and flamma!le gases. /lamma!le
aerosols 8spray cans9 are treated here. @ryogenic and pressuri&ed flamma!le gasesare treated elsewhere in this manual. The use of water to e(tinguish @lass ) fir es 8!y
other than trained firefighters9 can cause the !urning li$uid to spread carrying the
fire with it. /lamma!le-li$uid fires are usually !est e(tinguished !y e(cluding theair around the !urning li$uid. 6enerally, this is accomplished !y using one of
several approved types of fire- e(tinguishing agents, such as the following3
@ar!on dio(ide ')@ multipurpose dry chemical alon +4>+ 8used in !uilt-in,total flood systems9 alon +2++ 8used in porta!le e(tinguisher9.
/ires involving flamma!le gases are usually controlled !y eliminating the source
of fuel, i.e., closing a valve. Technically, flamma!le and com!usti!le gases do not
!urn. owever, under appropriate conditions, they generate sufficient $uantitiesof vapors to form ignita!le vapor-air mi(tures. 's a general rule, the lower the
flash point of a li$uid, the greater the fire and e(plosion ha&ard. It should !e notedthat many flamma!le and com!usti!le li$uids also pose health ha&ards.
#*TE3 The $la'0 )oint of a li$uid is the minimum temperature at which it givesoff sufficient vapor to form an ignita!le mi(ture with the air near the surface of
the li$uid or within the vessel used.
It is the responsi!ility of the user to ensure that all @lass ) com!usti!les are
properly identified, la!eled, handled, and stored. If assistance is re$uired, contact
the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer.
afe handling of @lass ) com!usti!les means3
sing only approved containers, tanks, e$uipment, and apparatus for storage,
handling, and use of @lass ) com!usti!les.
Aaking sure that all containers are conspicuously and accurately la!eled as totheir contents.
?ispensing li$uids from tanks, drums, !arrels, or similar containers only through
approved pumps taking suction from the top or through approved self-closing
valves or faucets.
toring, handling, and using @lass ) com!usti!les only in approved locations,where vapors cannot easily reach any source of ignition, including heating
e$uipment, electrical e$uipment, oven flame, mechanical or electrical sparks, etc.
#ever cleaning with flamma!le li$uids within a !uilding e(cept in a closed
machine approved for the purpose.
#ever storing, handling, and using @lass ) com!usti!les in or near e(its,stairways, or other areas normally used for egress.
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In rooms or !uildings, storing flamma!le li$uids in e(cess of +> gallons in
approved storage ca!inets or special rooms approved for the purpose.
Cnowing the locations of the nearest porta!le fire e(tinguishers rated for @lass )fires and how to use them.
#ever smoking, welding, cutting, or grinding, using an open flame or unsafeelectrical appliances or e$uipment, or otherwise creating heat that could ignite
vapors near any @lass ) com!usti!les.
Ele!tri!al &ire'
There are many com!usti!le materials, including electrical e$uipment, o(idi&ing
chemicals, fast-reacting or e(plosive compounds, and flamma!le metals, which
present speciali&ed fire safety and e(tinguishing pro!lems. 1efer to other appropriate chapters of this manual for safe handling advice. If in dou!t, re$uest
advice from the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer.
Weldin" and Ot0er Per#it'
's part of the local /ire ?epartment"s program to control and reduce fire ha&ards,
a permit system is in effect to cover welding, !urning, or other operations with a
high fire ha&ard. Typically, operations that re$uire a permit are3
Welding 8arc, o(yacetylene, or heliarc9oldering 8which re$uires an open flame9
se of a torch 8for cutting, !ending, forming, etc.9
se of tar pots 8for road work or roofing, etc.9*pen fires for any purpose
pray painting
To o!tain additional information or to re$uest a permit for these operations, call
the /ire ?epartment on its !usiness line, not the emergency =++ num!er.
Porta*le Heater'
The use of these devices, whether privately or company owned, is allowed only
where there is no chance of causing injury to personnel or of creating a fire
ha&ard. This provision o!viously re$uires common sense in safely locating suchdevices and ensuring that they do not operate when they are unattended.
These devices may not !e used in locations where3
/lamma!le or e(plosive vapors or dusts may !e present.
moking, eating, or drinking are prohi!ited !ecause to(ic or radioactive materialsmay !e present.
The area has !een designated as unsafe for such devices.
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The following practices should !e carried out when operating porta!le heating
appliance3?o not place the appliance on unsta!le or readily com!usti!le materials.
Aaintain a clearance of at least +2 inches !etween the appliance and the
com!usti!le materials.
Ensure that the appliance is approved !y either nderwriters Ba!oratories Inc., or /actory Autual 1esearch @orporation. @onnect the appliance directly to a proper
electrical outlet using only the cord with which it was originally e$uipped.
?o not use e(tension cords in lieu of permanent wiring.
?o not operate appliances during off hours if they are unattended unless they are
controlled !y a timer installed !y an Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. electrician.The timer will automatically de-energi&e the appliance during off hours and
energi&e it not more than 4> minutes !efore the arrival of personnel.
If 25 hour operation is desired, the proposed operation and arrangement must !ereviewed !y the local /ire ?epartment and a permit o!tained. This permit must !e posted near the operating appliance for the information of off-shift personnel who
may !e checking the area.
&ire &i"0tin" E3i)#ent
This section descri!es the fi(ed and porta!le e$uipment that is provided inworking areas for fire protection. The fi(ed e$uipment includes automatic
sprinklers, detectors and alarms, fire doors, etc. The porta!le e$uipment consists
of fire e(tinguishers and hoses to !e operated !y !efore the arrival of the /ire?epartment.
&ire Dete!tor'
everal types of automatic fire detectors are used throughout Engr. 'le(ander ).Trillana Inc., according to particular needs and purposes. 'll of them will detect
fire 8!y one of several means9 and transmit an alarm to the fire station. In the
many !uildings e$uipped with evacuation alarm !ells, the automatic detectors
activate those alarms, as do the manual pull !o(es. In some cases, automatic
e(tinguishing systems are activated !y automatic detectors. The /ire ?epartmentalways dispatches firefighters and apparatus to the scene of any automatically
actuated alarm.
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S)rin,ler S%'te#'
Aany !uildings are provided with automatic sprinkler systems. The sprinkler heads contain a fusi!le element 8most commonly fused at 2+2 degrees /9 which,
on melting, opens the head and starts a spray of water. The resulting flow of water
in the piping activates an alarm at the fire station, and firefighters are dispatched.'utomatic sprinkler heads can !e damaged if they are su!jected to mechanical
a!use. ' protective cage should !e installed where such damage is possi!le.
eat inadvertently applied to the sprinkler head can also activate the sprinkler
when no actual fire is present. #ormal heat sources should therefore !e kept away
from sprinkler heads. To avoid decreasing the flow or spread of water or alteringthe spray pattern, do not allow material or furniture to !e located too near the
sprinkler heads. 'llow at least +< inches of clearance around sprinkler heads.
prinkler system control valves must !e kept accessi!le for /ire ?epartment use.
'llow at least 4 ft of clearance 8enough for a man to pass through easily9 around
such valves.
Alar# S%'te#
In most !uildings, evacuation alarm !ells are automatically activated when fire isdetected. They can also !e activated manually at strategically located pull !o(es.
The emergency actions of a personnel and the evacuation procedures for each
!uildings or operating area are usually set forth in the *perational afetyProcedures for each !uilding and posted near the main entrance or fire e(it or
elevator. #ever use the elevator in case of fire.
&ire Door'
'utomatic fire doors and dampers are provided at strategic points to close and !lock the spread of smoke and fire when these are sensed !y automatic detectors.
'utomatic fire doors must never !e !locked or left in disrepair so that they cannot
close and latch automatically as intended in the event of a fire. elf-closing firedoors are those doors designed and installed to close each time after !eing
opened. They too must never !e !locked, wedged or tied open. If such doors must
!e kept open, the self-closers must !e replaced with approved automatic smoke-
activated release hold-open devices.
&ire E/it'
E(it corridors must not !e used for storage. The Bife afety @ode, #/P' +>+
re$uires that !uildings designed for human occupancy must have continuous anduno!structed e(its to permit prompt evacuation of the occupants and allow
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necessary access for responding emergency personnel. The intent of the @ode is to
keep e(its free from o!structions and clear of com!usti!le materials. 'ttention to
housekeeping, therefore, is very important. GTemporaryH storage of furniture,e$uipment, supplies, or anything else is not permitted in e(it ways. Aetal lockers
with ends and tops ferried to the walls and that do not interfere with minimum
e(it width re$uirements may !e installed in e(it corridors when approved !y the/ire ?epartment and 1esponsi!le afety *fficer.
The following re$uirements must !e met for storage lockers0ca!inets3
@a!inets will !e permitted on one side of the corridor only.
@a!inets must end at least : ft from the corridor e(it door.
@a!inet end must !e at least +2 in. from the edge of the doorway on the latch side
and from the edge of the door leaf when fully opened into the corridor.
The ca!inets must not !e more than 2> in. deep !y 4; in. wide !y ;2-405 in. high.
The ca!inets must !e all metal construction with positive latches to prevent
spillage of contents in the event of an earth$uake.'ll doors must return automatically to the closed position when not held
manually.
' 57 degree-angle fairing must !e provided from the wall to the corridor corner of
the ca!inets. /airing must !e provided at !oth ends of ca!inet or !anks of
ca!inets.
' 57 degree-angle fairing must !e provided at the top of the ca!inets from the
outside corridor edge of ca!inet to the wall.
'll ca!inets must !e anchored to the wall firmly enough to withstand >.7g of
lateral acceleration 8or a lateral load e$ual to K the total dead weight of the
ca!inet and its contents9 in the event of an earth$uake.Bi$uids and chemicals are not to !e stored in corridor lockers.
'll ca!inets must !e kept locked, with one key !eing retained !y the )uilding
Aanager.
'll ca!inets must !e la!eled with the contents and the name, and telephone
nunm!er of the assigned user.
'ny deviation from the a!ove re$uirements must !e approved !y 1esponsi!leafety *fficer.
&ire H%drant'
/ire hydrants are maintained for emergency use !y the /ire ?epartment. Theymust !e kept accessi!le and in good working condition. @ertain temporary uses
may !e authori&ed in writing !y the @hief or 'ssistant @hief of the /ire
?epartment. 'n e(ample of such temporary use may !e connection !yconstruction contractors.
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When temporary connections are authori&ed, the following practices must !e
o!served3
se only valved outlets.se only a hydrant spanner provided !y the /ire ?epartment. 8*ther types of
wrench can damage the wrench flats on the valve stem.9
?o not leave connections in place unattended, e(cept at construction sites.@lose a hydrant valve +0<th turn after fully opening it. 8This is done so that a
person mistakenly turning the valve the wrong way will not cause damage !y
forcing it.9When replacing the outlet caps after using a hydrant, screw them on only hand-
tight.
Me!0ani!al E3i)#ent Roo#'
Aechanical e$uipment rooms contain !oilers, !lowers, compressors, filters,
electrical e$uipment, etc. uch rooms must !e separated from other areas of a !uilding !y fire-resistant walls and doors. To maintain the integrity of these
separations, fire doors must never !e left open. /an rooms house ventilatione$uipment which often includes automatic shut down and dampers activated !y
interlocking with the !uilding smoke and fire detectors. /ire dampers and other
automatic shut down provisions must not !e disa!led without /ire ?epartmentapproval 8as for temporary maintenance procedures9. Aechanical e$uipment
rooms and fan rooms must not !e used for storage of any kind.
Page
Con'tr!tion Area'
@onstruction areas under control of either Engr. 'le(ander ). Trillana Inc. or
outside contractors must !e maintained in a fire-safe condition and accessi!le toemergency response forces.
Li$e Sa$et% Code
The Bife afety @ode of the #ational /ire Protection 'ssociation, #/P' +>+,
re$uires that emergency lighting !e provided !y means of egress in certain areas.The @ode states emergency lighting is re$uired in e(it corridor in any office-type
!uilding where the !uilding is two or more stories in height a!ove the level of e(it
discharge. In industrial occupancies such as la!oratories and shops, the @odere$uires emergency lighting in all e(it aisles, corridors, and passageways.
Emergency lighting may !e installed in areas where not re$uired !y the @ode
when such areas present an egress ha&ard during power failure.
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'lthough elevators are not considered a means of egress within the jurisdiction of
the Bife afety @ode, they do re$uire emergency lighting. 8Titles < and 25 re$uire
that emergency lighting !e maintained in an elevator for a period of at least four hours.9 everal types of emergency lights that satisfy the specifications of the Bife
afety @ode are3
)attery Type - *nly rechargea!le !atteries may !e used. The rating of the !atterymust !e such that it provides power for illumination for one and a half hours in
the event of a failure of normal lighting.
6enerator Type When emergency lighting is provided !y an electric generator, adelay of not more than +> seconds is permitted. E(it sign lights, when !urned out,
should !e reported to Aaintenance for service.
E/it Corridor'
E(it corridors must not !e used for storage. The Bife afety @ode, #/P' +>+,
re$uires that !uildings designed for human occupancy must have continuous anduno!structed e(its to permit prompt evacuation of the occupants and allow
necessary access for responding emergency personnel. The intent of the @ode is to
keep e(its from o!structions and clear of com!usti!le materials. 'ttention to
housekeeping, therefore, is very important. GTemporaryH storage of furniture,
e$uipment, supplies, or anything else is not permitted in e(it ways. @om!usti!les,
including recycla!le waste paper, are not permitted in e(it ways. Aetal lockers
with ends and tops ferried to the walls and do not interfere with minimum e(it
width re$uirements may !e installed in e(it corridors when approved !y the /ire
?epartment and the 1esponsi!le afety *fficer.
No S#o,in"
++;