HCVS Sponsors Carbon Dynamics in the Formula 1 in Schools Competition At the January meeting of the Trustees, a letter was forwarded by Steve Golynia from the East Anglia Area asking for sponsorship of the F1 in Schools team entry from Thurston Community College. We decided to support the young students with £100 and with this value became their lead sponsor. They named their team Carbon Dynamics. The competition is not just to design a fast model car but to appoint and run a proper team of individuals with defined roles: • Team Manager (maximum 1 person) This person is responsible for managing the team, project management of all key deliverables and ensuring that all race cars are ready for the competition. The team manager works closely with all members of the team, offering assistance where necessary. • Finance Manager This person organises budgets and resources needed for designing and making the car(s) and team project work. They might keep track of all expenses and income generated, allocating certain funds to certain areas of the project, for example Car, Pit Display, Portfolio, team uniforms. • Manufacturing Engineer This person is responsible for advising team members on the manufacture of the car and the constraints of the machining process. Manufacturing engineers will need to liaise with the design engineers to report and help solve any problems with the construction of the car. • Design Engineer This role is responsible for the styling and aerodynamic performance of the car design. Design engineers will need to liaise with the manufacturing engineers to ensure their ideas can be realised. • Graphic Designer This person could be responsible for producing the colour schemes applied to the vehicle, including any special sponsorship decals, together with the final graphic renderings and any additional team marketing materials. The graphic designer will need to liaise with the design engineer to ensure any schemes will fit the shape of the vehicle and the resources manager for additional marketing development. • Sponsorship & Marketing Manager This person could be responsible for generating sponsorship proposals for potential sponsors, contacting firms and marketing the team through different media. They may be tasked with creating and managing the team’s social media accounts as well as thinking up ways to generate interest and income for the team through marketing events. The students then have to produce various portfolios, a verbal explanation based on a laptop, a pit garage and the car, which is powered by a CO2 cartridge like those used in a soda syphon. After our offer of sponsorship the team immediately put our logo on the car, garage, sponsor list, tee shirts and website. They then proceeded to give us updates of their progress. When they were ready for the competition the HCVS was emailed their presentation document and photographs of their show stand, the pit garage and the car. Some photographs are included here but if you wish to see all the fantastic material the team produced have a look on our website at www.hcvs.co.uk . They were pleased to be awarded a prize for verbal presentation but the car was beaten on the day. Well done Carbon Dynamics.

SponsorsCarbon Dynamics

The HCVS is dedicated to the preservation and enjoyment of commercial vehicles over 20 years old. It was the first commercial vehicle club to be formed in 1958. It is the largest organisation for historic vans, lorries, buses, military and steam vehicles. A number of events are organised each year where owners display their vehicles and participate in runs around the country. The most famous run is probably the London Brighton Run which takes place every May. It is because of their passion and their hard work for historic vehicles, that we still see these beautiful vehicles on the road. This is why we are not only thankful for their sponsorship but them preserving automotive history

HCVS are our greatest sponsor and their have sponsorship has helped us for this year as well as secured our entry fee for next year.

Historic Commercial Vehicle Soceity

Aston Martin Owners Club

Aston Martin Owners Club is a club for anyone interested in the iconic car. The club's principle is to create an interest in the Aston Martin, celebrating the pastime of motoring and motorsport and to encourage members to share their passion for Aston Martin. Membership is open to owners as well as enthusiasts.

The Aston Martin Owners Club (AMOC) was formed in 1935 and is the world’s oldest, largest and only officially recognised, membership club for Aston Martin Owners and enthusiasts.

They are a really genuine owners club, whose passion for the iconic goes beyond words.

Aston Martin Owners Club have guaranteed our entry into this competition and our one of our greatest sponsors.

JessopsJessops sells cameras, videos, drones and anything to do with photography. It also offers a printing service for a wide range of products ranging from photographs and posters to calendars and gifts. They also do fantastic courses which (I can say from personal experience) are really good to get a good understanding with your camera - beginner to advanced.

Jessops printed our posters for our pit display for a very reasonable price at a reduced rate. We are really grateful for not only this but the excellent services they offer, especially at a time where high street shops are on the decline.

Pawesome Products

Pawsome products is a newly found company, selling hemp oil for dogs, cats and pets. The oil helps to calm the pets as well as help with their joints. It is an organic and pure, cold pressed hemp oil. The hemp used is a premium grade hemp extract. Also the product is rich with Omega-3 and Omega-6. Furthermore the oil has a concentration of 15000mg per 30ml, the highest concentrate for pets. You can purchase their oil on Amazon.

Pawsome very kindly printed our t shirt transfers.

Bailey’s Beauty

Bailey's Beauty have been with us from the very start, and we have maintained a strong relationship with them. The company is based in Pakenham, Suffolk and offers beautician services. They are a small business, which apart from their passion for beautician, they also have a deep interest in F1.

Bailey’s Beauty have provided us some financial support enabling us to purchase some goods for our pit display and the carbon fibre wrap used on our key rings and previous car.

Carbon Dynamics

Engineering Portfolio

James Wilson, Alex Utteridge &

Hugo Andersson

Design concepts and initial ideas

As you can see from our early initial designs

we wanted to achieve a cone shape,

however to start off we all believed it would

be best if we had a solid body that this cone

would be supported by. In the second idea

we decided to merge both the cone body

and the main body together as we thought

that this would reduce the amount of

pressure that was being put on the individual

bodies. We also attempted to make the

wings have the same effect as a real life F1

car.

We felt the best way to engage with designing and manufacturing our car was to use the process of iterative design. This enticed us to constantly analyse

and evaluate our decisions and concepts, which we felt would give us the highest quality end product in return. Following last years regionals and our

research we decided to build upon what other teams had designed and add our own ideas. We came to the conclusion that a cone almost bullet like shape

worked well .

However after further research we found

out that the back wings would be better if

they were more similar to that of an

aeroplane. On the other hand we also

found out that the main body of our

second car worked as we wanted it to so

we created another iteration of that

design. Also from our research from last

years regionals we realised that the most

popular frontal wing was designed in a

scoop shape. We then further

researched why this was and we found

out that it was a very aerodynamic

shape.

For our final idea, we took in all the data

that we had collected from our other cars

and put them all together. This summed

up to a car that had a bullet like body; an

aeroplane inspired back wing and a

scoop shaped frontal wing.

Research

Aerodynamics

For the car design we were inspired by the aerodynamics of a bullet. We chose a bullet due to its phenomenal ability to maintain perfect

stabilisation throughout the air, despite travelling at a very high velocity. However we soon realised, this was partly due to the rifling in the

barrel which causes the bullet to spin, which we would not be able to replicate in our design. After some further research though, we

discovered certain types of bullets/shells did not require rifled barrels but smoothbore ones, which used the ammunition Armor piercing fin

stabilized discarding sabot (APFSDS). This type of round did not rely on the rifling from a barrel for inflight stabilization, but had fins, which

could do this instead. We felt we could apply this in our design with the wings, which could allow some uplift- which would reduce the friction

from the wheels (as unlike conventional cars the power does not come from the axles, but the compressed canister from the rear of the car).

This would hopefully result in our car almost hovering when at terminal velocity, from the thrust from the canister.

Drag

The main type of drag acting against a car is pressure drag. It is caused by the air particles being more compressed (pushed together) on

the front-facing surfaces and more spaced out on the back surfaces. This is caused when the layers of air separate away from the surface

and begin to swirl – this is called turbulent flow.

This difference in air pressure means that the air particles are pushing on the front surfaces of car more than the back surfaces, so there is

a drag force. Whereas friction drag is when the layers of air move over a rough surface, the air particles in the layer closest to the surface

collide with the surface. This makes the air particles slow right down (and right at the surface, they completely stop!). These particles then

collide with air in layers a bit further out and make them slow down as well. This in turn slows down the car, however this type of drag can

be dramatically reduced by eliminating all rough surfaced (by having a good finish when painting).

Front and back wing

The principles which allow aircraft to fly are also applicable in car racing. The only difference being the wing or aerofoil shape is

mounted upside down producing downforce instead of lift. The Bernoulli Effect means that: if a fluid (gas or liquid) flows around

an object at different speeds, the slower moving fluid will exert more pressure than the faster moving fluid on the object. The

object will then be forced toward the faster moving fluid. The wing of an aeroplane is shaped so that the air moving over the top of

the wing moves faster than the air beneath it. Since the air pressure under the wing is greater than that above the wing, lift is

produced. The shape of the Indy car exhibits the same principle. The shape of the chassis is similar to an upside down aerofoil.

The air moving under the car moves faster than that above it, creating downforce or negative lift on the car. Aerofoils or wings are

also used in the front and rear of the car in an effort to generate more downforce. Downforce is necessary in maintaining high

speeds through the corners and forces the car to the track. However due to our car not needing to turn around any corners

downforce is not needed whereas uplift will be more useful in order for our car to be near floating therefore creating less friction

on the track.

Cad and rendering

With our first car our main goal

was trying to achieve that bullet

like figure that we saw many

people have last year when we

were at regionals. This set us on

course for our other more

successful designs. As you can

see our first car was just for

achieving the main body and not

developing wings just yet as we

thought that it was the body that

really makes a car function and

without a good one you cannot

succeed. We did not quite manage

to achieve the round shape we

wished to. We also felt that the

sidepods were too bulky so we

brainstormed and came up with

our next idea.

Our second car was a little

bit more successful as we

managed to achieve a more

bullet like shape however we

were still not happy with how

it performed in the virtual

wind tunnel. We also

designed our first set of

wings. These did not create

the uplift we wanted and they

presented a problem with

trail winds which in turn

caused turbulence and the

drag coefficient was far to

high. However we still

thought the back side pod

was too bulky and led the

wind in the wrong direction.

Our third car had almost

the same body as the

second but, lower to the

ground. With this design

we focused on the back

side pod and the wings.

The back side pod we

made smaller and it

diverted the wind in the

direction we wanted. The

wings were the biggest

change as we completely

remodelled our front to a

scoop shape and the back

wing was turned upside

down to move the wind

down to the ground to

reduce turbulence.

With our fourth and final car we designed a fully car

leading off into a nose, shaped as a cone. This

provided us with the shape we desired and the low

frontal . We then developed our wings. Firstly the

front was developed from our third car as we really

liked the scoop shape and how it handled the wind.

We also made sure it was as close to the wheels as

the regulations would allow. This meant that no wind

would be caught on the wheel thus reducing

turbulence even more. Next we did our back wing

this was almost the same as our last car back wing

however we slightly altered the angles to get the

most out of it. The last improvement we made was

the back side pod. With this we curved them in into

the body of the car to force the wind to go behind the

car and not in random direction. This reduced drag

and turbulence. This car we also rendered. The car

itself has a black body with red accents on the wings

and the smaller details we thought this made the

smaller details stick out more and it made it look

more professional.

Throughout this journey we have developed quite a few models. We have also discovered what works and what does not.

Cam and manufacturing

After we had designed our car

in Fusion 360 we moved on to

computer aided manufacture.

For this we used the Denford

CNC router. Using this we were

able to get mm precision and a

smoother finish than if we were

to do it by hand. However there

are downsides, because we

cannot reach all the angles we

wished to so we had to find an

alternative way of doing the

front and back wings. We had

to hand finish some of the

corners.

In order to manufacture

our front and rear wings

because the CNC

router was not able to

manufacture the car all

in one, we had to 3D

them. We used a

Creality Ender 3. The

benefits to using a 3d

printer is that it allowed

us to manufacture at

high quality. However it

also makes the overall

car heavier.

After the body was cut

we sanded it down to get

a fairly smooth surface

and so paint went on

nicer. Then we primed it

with a Matt white paint

and sanded it down

again. We then repeated

this process one more

time in order to get the

best painted surface

possible but also not to

put on too much weight.

After two coats of primer

we believed we had a

smooth enough surface

to reduce friction drag.

We started our painting

process by taping up the

unnecessary parts of the

body that would just add

weight if they were

painted. Then we spray

painted on a layer of

black gloss spray paint.

After the painting we had to

decide on a way to affix the

body to the wings and other

parts. For this we chose to

use epoxy resin as it is

extremely strong and it can

act as a filler meaning that

the bond will be smoother. It

also allowed the computer

aided manufactured parts to

have a larger margin for

error.

Because the regulations

state that development class

teams can only use the

provided wheels means that

all the movement is reliant

on the axles. Therefore we

came up with a way to

reduce the friction between

the axle, car body and the

rubber by using a lubricant

this will allow the axle to

rotate more freely increasing

the car's acceleration and

overall speed.

Testing and evaluation

From an early model, we can see that the wind flows over the car

sleekly. However, a fair amount of air turbulence became apparent

from the back wing. We partially believe this is due to the limits of the

program though, and would like to test the car in an actual wind tunnel

to be able to fully analyse the cars aerodynamics. However there were

are few things we picked up on after this virtual wind tunnel such as;

the back wing was angled in such a way that it did not allow enough

wind to follow the true body however, when it did, it spiralled off - thus

creating turbulence - reducing the overall speed and velocity of the

car. However this program test also told us that it’s overall average

drag coefficient turned out to be fairly optimal because the higher the

drag coefficient the more downforce is creating this in turn cause more

friction between the wheels and the track this will also slow down the

car. However too little drag coefficient will cause the car to take off.After digital wind tunnel testing on an early model we realised

that the program cannot be as accurate as a real life wind tunnel

testing. Therefore after manufacturing our final car we set it

through various tests, the first one being wind tunnel testing. The

first thing we noticed about the car was that the adjusted angle

on the back wing directed the wind in the direction we designed

it to (downwards). This in turn also created the small amount of

uplift we want to create and almost floating effect, this will take

more pressure of the wheels and lessen the friction between the

wheels and the track. Also due to the wind being directed down

towards the ground, this means that the wind has less

opportunity to create turbulence which will slow the car down if

created. The next thing we noticed was that nearer to the front

most part of the car the wind was gently being lifted over the

wing and over the rest of the body. However this does mean that

due to the design of the front wing a small amount of downforce

is being created.

Overall we could conclude that the car was fluid when it is blasted

down the track and all the ideas that we took from last year and our

research really complemented each other. For example the front wing

brought the air up and allowed the airstream to glide across the body

of the car and then the back wing brought the airstream down to the

ground minimising the drag and turbulence (and the car could do this

all in one smooth movement). Furthermore another key aspect of the

car that we thought worked extremely proficiently was the new side

pods that we had devolved through our research. These new side

pods gently brought the wind stream either above or around the

wheels which would stop the common problem of it getting caught and

creating turbulence. However there are always things to improve on,

for us it was the frontal area, we concluded that the car we have at the

moment is extremely efficient. However there was one big flaw that we

noticed which was that the frontal area was too large. We also

encountered a problem in which the car was a fair amount over the

minimum weight. This problem would be fixed by having a smaller

frontal area as it would take less material to manufacture the car.

Carbon Dynamics

Enterprise Portfolio

James Wilson, Alex Utteridge &

Hugo Andersson

Meet the team

James - Our team manager and sponsorship coordinator. In 2018 Hugo and I turned up to F1 in schools. I did not

anticipate the incredible journey it has brought me and the whole team on.

Working with such diligent teammates has made my job as a team manger a lot easier than I previously thought

despite being pressed for time. I decided to split my team with Hugo being responsible for designing and

manufacturing of the car. Alex was then in charge of our team identity which enticed re-designing the logo and

making a social media profile - primarily. I am immensely proud of the work both Hugo and Alex have achieved.

However, although we have these specific jobs, our tasks did overlap a little, especially as we are such a small team.

This enabled me as team manager to assist either Alex or Hugo when appropriate. For instance I helped Hugo with

some of the design of the car and the testing of it. Furthermore I helped Alex with setting up the social media.

Hugo - Our head of car manufacturing and design. I have been with the team from the start and have had the

opportunity to see the team flourish from something that was just for fun to turn into something that we are all taking

seriously now and are all passionate about. My role as team designer is to make sure I take in everyone’s ideas and

develop them into the best car design.

Alex - Our head of graphic design and team identity. I joined the team this year and I have already been astounded

by the sheer competitiveness of the competition. Being a very competitive person myself doing lots of sports on a

regular occasion, I was surprised that the competition was as ruthless as it is. I hope that we can win regionals and

continue to develop ourselves in the subject of STEM.

Team identity

We started by doing a rough drawing of a logo, which involves the chequered flag to show our drive to get there first. It

also involves our three team colours which we interpret as F1 cars to show pinnacle innovation in our improvement to the

team. As a group we believe that the identity of our team makes us unique compared to other teams.

We divided our team into separate roles with James the team manager, Hugo as head engineer and Alex as head of

branding and marketing. We divided our time mainly focusing on the car , to bring that to a high standard. We then

moved onto the logo. We knew that we were taking a risk by spending a lot of time on the car but we also knew that by

doing this we increased our chances on getting a good score on the car which was our main goal.

We then moved on to our final design which is digitised on Serif Drawplus. We made changes to the design, we

removed the name from the design as we wanted to get the full effects on the 3 team colours.

We then updated the flags to a more modern look which gives it a more professional look. The finished logo itself looks

better as it has shaper edges and finer lines.

The keyrings are based on our logo and our team

colours. To achieve the finish we put a carbon

fibre wrap over the red acrylic and covered it with

masking tape so the wrap would not turn to ash.

We then took off the masking tape and some of the

wrap using crafting knives. The red is highlighted

through the wrap, it gives it a fine outline showing

all parts to the logo.

The T-shirts have all our

sponsors on the them. The

sponsors are on the sleeves as

well as the front and back of

the shirts. The white T-shirts

also have the logo of our team

on.

Sponsorship and finances

For sponsorship we came up with multiple strategies to approach this task, as we felt that we

would be able to culminate a significant amount of finances the more ways we promoted our

team. However, for all the strategies we formulated we always included our reward system for our

sponsors in which we promote their company through our entire team - from the race day itself,

with their logo on our T-shirts, cars, pit display and portfolio, but also on our newly made social

media accounts where we promote and update our sponsors. We do not just ‘repay’ the

sponsors this way though. We send updates to all sponsors and small gifts to gold and platinum

sponsors (in our tier system). We chose to do this as we want to create long term relationships

with our sponsors so they become much more than ‘just a name on a t-shirt’ an example of this is

Baileys Beauty. They where our first sponsor last year in Entry Class and have been with us

since the start. With updates and recent social media promotion, we have formed a strong bond

with them which is shown as quoted by Michelle - the owner of Baileys Beauty “thank you for the

update, if you need further sponsorship, just ask.”

Initially we designed a sponsorship letter which we emailed out to an extensive range of

companies local and national. However despite, receiving some responses, we did not gather

any money or gifts for our team. However, this did not dishearten or slow us down in any way; it

had quite the opposite effect.

Going to an upcoming car show in Birmingham, we saw this as the perfect opportunity to talk to

automotive companies about F1 In Schools and potentially gather sponsorship. This approach

was very successful, with many companies showing keen interest; especially Aston Martin

Owners’ Club. Speaking to their club secretary Marc Allycott was a real pleasure, as he explained

to me about his club and in turn I talked to him about F1 in Schools. He was very generous and

was able to sponsor us a very generous amount.

From the success of the trip to Birmingham of meeting companies, we thought it would be a good idea to use a similar method locally. We approached our

nearest Jessops, and after giving them an insight into F1 in Schools we came to a very reasonable discount of 50% off their posters which we used to

enhance our pit display. We did this as we learnt from previous experience that companies can be more willing to donate or discount goods rather than

asking for money. We also approached a T-shirt company Kall Kwik, however despite them giving us a significant discount, it still was very expensive due

to a small relative batch of T-shirts being made. As a result we felt this was not the best approach for getting T-shirts as we felt we could spend the money

better. Instead we used transfers sponsored by Pawesome Products and bought our own T-shirts which is significantly cheaper. This enabled us to spend

money(within reason - with some left over) on some LEDs to go on our pit display, to make it more appealing and distinctive; thus drawing more people in.

You may ask yourself though, how did we secure funds for are posters and car? With the help of some acrylic and 2D design the solution became quite

simple. With these tools and resources we were able to design some Christmas tree and bauble decorations. We then sold these to staff and students of

Thurston Community College and made a massive £90. Which our gratitude goes beyond words for. Furthermore we recently received a massive

sponsorship from the Historic Commercial Vehicle Owners Society, which has catapulted our funds and left us with some more money to go into next year.

Marketing and social media

carbondynamics_f1 INSTAGRAM

For more publicity and to really expand our project we to set up a social

media page. We hope to try and get more people involved in the club and

sport as some young people do not get involved in club or social activities.

As well as this we will use our social media pages to promote our very kind

sponsors for allowing us to be here today as without them we would not

have got the funds to race the car and pay for all parts that are making our

project a success.

We decided to promote our team and created some Christmas decorations

to sell to our fellow students and teachers. These were a huge success

and we hope we can continue this business into the future to expand and

build on the decorations we have already made. The decorations were

very popular .These funds allowed us to spend money on things that would

boost our chances of picking up points in the competition therefore

increasing our chances of winning.

carbon dynamics FACEBOOK

We post regularly on Wednesday night when we

have our F1 club we like to keep our followers

updated on what we do to the project. Things like

what we do to edit the car how we are doing in our

separate fields of work. Our followers although they

may not be in mass numbers do take interest in

what we do and ask question about the project.

Project and team evaluation

Overall the project was a complete success for us, we knew that there

would be some difficulties but we believe that we have overcome most

of those difficulties by working together and working efficiently in our

separate fields of work. We feel that we have excelled especially in our

sponsorship, with a wide range of sponsors. Also, our newly found

social media accounts have given us great potential to promote F1 in

Schools and our sponsors. However, we do not intend to stop here. We

have some further goals we would like to achieve in the upcoming

months. As the list progresses the more long term the goals our, to take

into account the time required and the nature of them:

● To open a bank account to safely store our money.

● We would like to encourage more people to take part in this

amazing project especially the younger age groups as pupils do

not take part in social activities as they used to; this is

something we would like to change. We plan on doing this by

filming a short video, showing a range of people taking part and

us explaining about the competition.

● We will try to think of new sponsorship methods as we

understand that it is big step up to professional class/nationals.

We have found the greater the diversity the greater the

success.

● We would like to expand our social media, as we have mainly

stuck to Instagram and Facebook as we are most familiar with

these (especially Instagram). Our goal would be to have a great

amount of support from many platforms. This would enable us

to promote F1 in schools and our sponsors even more.

To round off what has been a great experience for the 3 of us we wish

to carry this project on in the future to reach new heights with our team

and school. We hope to keep improving, to keep learning and to carry

these new skills into the future whether it be in university, college,

apprenticeships or work.

Project management

Coming back this academic year, we certainly had our work cut out

after Hugo and James had just started doing Further Maths when

F1 in schools was on. To overcome this, we planned out our

project with all our individual tasks - such as sending off

sponsorship letters. Also we had group tasks, like practising the

speech.

We gave each one the appropriate timescale and adapted it if

needs be. For instance we prioritised on getting sponsorship earlier

on in the project, to ensure we could purchase any materials e.g.

the car pack without any delay. However, with tasks like the

portfolio, we made that ongoing throughout this academic year, and

updated it as we went along. This enabled us to go at a constant

steady pace -where we did not have to worry about cramming too

much in at the last minute. For example, with the car, we had the

penultimate designed early. This meant when we found out that it

did not quite meet a critical regulation we were able to adapt our

car, without panicking about overrunning.

We also ensured that we always kept on top of finances by

recording, on a spreadsheet, each time we received any money or

spent any. In the upcoming months we plan to open a bank account

to run our finances even more efficiently.