Hazardous Waste Case - Lead Poisoning in Mona Commons, Jamaica

7/25/2019 Hazardous Waste Case - Lead Poisoning in Mona Commons, Jamaica

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HUMAN HEALTH CASE: ZIKA VIRUS IN

BRAZIL 2015

Principles of Environmental Health


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WHAT IS ZEKA VIRUS?

Zika virus disease is caused by a virus transmitted prim

by Aedesmosquitoes. symptoms include mild fever, skin rash, conjunctivitis

and joint pain, malaise or headache. symptoms norma

2-7 days.

There is scientific consensus that Zika virus is a causemicrocephaly and Guillain-Barr syndrome.


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HISTORY OF ZiKA VIRUS IN BRAZIL

A recent larger outbreak of Zika virus outside Africa and Asia was con

2015, in Brazil

Local authorities link the outbreak to recent increased flow of foreign v

prompted by the 2014 FIFA World Cup, coupled with the large populat

vectors such as Aedes aegypt and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes that inh

Brazil remains the country most-affected by the mosquito-borne virus

proven to cause a severe birth defect that results in babies born with ab

heads and underdeveloped brains


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RISK ASSESSMENT

Outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in Brazil

Early detection of cases is essential to reduce the risk of autochtransmission

Clinicians and travel medicine clinics should be aware of the e

ZIKV-affected areas

Travelers returning from areas currently experiencing ZIKV oushould prompt further investigation for ZIKV infection.


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Effects of Zika Virus on Pregnancy


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RISK ASSESSMENT CONTD

The laboratory capacity to confirm suspected ZIKV infection

strengthened in the European

As exposure to infected mosquitoes is the principal risk for in

prevention of ZIKV infection is based on protection against m

bites and vector control, particularly for travelers visiting aff

Zika virus is transmitted to a bitten human host after skin inj

mixture of insect saliva, virus, and blood components from th

recent feeding during female mosquito blood meals.


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RISK MANAGEMENT

Destroy mosquitoes breeding sites

Sensitize the population

Avoid mosquitoes bites and sexual transmisson

Travel ban


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RISK COMMUNICATION

Case reporting,

Vector sampling,

Reservoir animal sampling and sentinel systems.

Human networking,

Reporting signature pattern recognition and forecasting

social media tracking and bioinformatics


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LEGISLATION IN JAMAICA

By now, we all know that the Zika virus has been linked to birth

In Jamaica, sections 72 and 73 of the Offences Against the Perso

make it illegal for a pregnant woman to attempt to abort her foe

any other person to attempt to do so. However, under the comm

may be lawful for an abortion to be performed (in some circumsfor the purpose of preserving a life.


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LEGISLATION CONTD

The current state of the law, given the fact thatmycrocephaly is not said to be life-threatening to the

mother or the foetus, means that it is unlikely that the

common law exception would avail a Jamaican women

who is contemplating an abortion because she contractethe Zika virus.


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Reference Page

McGregor, S. (2016). Laws of Eve: Zika and JA Abortion Laws; Jamaica Gleaner

World Health Organisation. Retrieved on June 20, 2016 from http://www.who.int/emerge

ncies/zika-virus/timeline/en/

Zkavrus net.com. Retrieved on June 20, 2016 from http://zikavirusnet.com/history-of-zik

frontpage/5-

welcome-to-zika-virus-net.html
http://www.who.int/emergehttp://www.who.int/emergehttp://zikavirusnet.com/history-of-zika/44-frontpage/5-http://zikavirusnet.com/history-of-zika/44-frontpage/5-http://zikavirusnet.com/history-of-zika/44-frontpage/5-http://zikavirusnet.com/history-of-zika/44-frontpage/5-http://zikavirusnet.com/history-of-zika/44-frontpage/5-http://www.who.int/emerge

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Hazardous Waste Case - Lead Poisoning in Mona Commons, Jamaica