THROUGH THE EYES OF LOVE AND JUSTICE:

Revisioning a MULTICULTURAL

Humanistic Psychology Shelly P. Harrell, Ph.D., Keynote Address

Society for Humanistic Psychology Santa Barbara, CA - March 3, 2013

GRATITUDE David Elkins Louis Hoffman Theopia Jackson My Students New Friends

Wake up Everybody by John Legend, The Roots, & Common

THE QUESTIONS Is Humanistic Psychology inherently multicultural? If so, how is

that made credible through explicit discussion and visibility in theory and practice?

Does the community of Humanistic Psychology include the multiple cultural expressions of humanity?

Does the intellectual and theoretical work of humanistic psychology include voices that speak to what it means to be human and the existential dilemmas of our humanness from diverse cultural traditions?

Is the practice of Humanistic Psychology relevant to serving the well-being of the marginalized, disenfranchised, and oppressed?

In what ways is Humanistic Psychology in substantive dialogue with those in psychology whose work focuses on diversity and social justice? (e.g., Divisions 9, 27, 35, 44, 45, 48)

Do the writings and work of Humanistic Psychology demonstrate an understanding of systemic oppression, power, and privilege?

Has Humanistic Psychology been willing to step into the discomfort of differences and engage in some meaningful self-evaluation around these issues?

On Walking the Talk One of the great tragedies of life is that [people] seldom bridge the gulf between practice and profession, between doing and saying. A persistent schizophrenia leaves so many of us tragically divided against ourselves. On the one hand, we proudly profess certain sublime and noble principles, but on the other hand, we sadly practice the very antithesis of these principles. How often are our lives characterized by a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds! -Martin Luther King, Jr.

OUR HUMAN ADVENTURE

What more have we to give one another than our 'truth' about

our human adventure as honestly and as openly as we

know how? -Rabbi Saul Rubin

THROUGH THE EYES OF LOVE AND JUSTICE

Some of my favorite Love Books

All About Love: New Visions by bell hooks Strength to Love by Martin Luther King, Jr. The Art of Loving by Erich Fromm Love and Will by Rollo May

"When I speak of love I am speaking of that force which all of the great religions have seen as the supreme unifying principle of life. Love is

somehow the key that unlocks the door which leads to ultimate reality."

~Martin Luther King, Jr.

Love is the only sane and satisfactory answer to the

problem of human existence.

Erich Fromm

Agape Love Love of humanity, of all of our sisters and

brothers in the human family Experiencing and connecting to the all

through the uniqueness of the one Deeply feeling the common humanity of

our oneness while honoring the different cultural expressions and manifestations of that oneness that makes us whole and complete

Love is.

Love is by Common How beautiful love can be On the streets love is hard to see It's a place I got to be Loving you is loving me How beautiful love can be On the streets love is hard to see Gotta reach that frequency Loving you is loving me

INTERCONNECTEDNESS &

COMMUNITY

The African Ethic of Ubuntu I am because we are and because we are I am. Every living system (people, animals,

nature) exists in relationship to and interdependent with every other living system past, present, and future We thrive and grow optimally when we are

in relationship Bishop Desmond Tutu drew upon this

traditional African ethic of Ubuntu in his work on reconciliation in South Africa

My humanity is bound up in yours, for we can only be human together.

~Bishop Desmond Tutu

Nobles Extended Self (African-centered Psychology)

Nobles Extended Self (traditional African conception of self) African self-concept centered in we I am because we are and because we are I

am (Ubuntu) We includes family, community, culture,

ancestors, descendants, nature, spirit We are not separate, finite beings and we can

only achieve our fullness through connectedness and community

Implies the inseparability of the person, environment, spirit, and nature

There is no better place to learn the art of loving

than in community. ~bell hooks

What is a community? Locality-based Communities based on geography Relational Communities

People, groups, and organizations whose connections are based upon commonalities or identification and are not limited by place or geography

Four types of relational communities Identity community

Religion, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation Common interest community

Social or recreational clubs, occupation Task-oriented community

School, workplace, committee Collective power structure community

Labor unions, advocacy groups

Some Characteristics of Communities Communities are dynamic systems that change

The value and significance of our community memberships can vary widely and can change over time and context

Communities and subcommunities emerge and become inactive as contexts and needs change

Communities have identity

Shaped and maintained by community narratives (stories) that are shared and passed down

Communities have intracommunity variability

Communities are comprised of diverse individuals Issues of macrobelonging and microbelonging Intersectionality issues People within communities have multiple needs and priorities

Significance of Community

Sarason (1974) A Psychological Sense of Community

The loneliness and alienation that emerges from individualism is the defining problem of many Western societies

Loss or dilution of strong community connections is the most destructive dynamic in peoples lives

Psychological well-being, quality of life, meaning and purpose, self-esteem and positive behaviors are strongly related to having a sense of belongingness, connection, and identification with something larger than oneself

Sense of Community Early work of Sarason (1974) and McMillan & Chavis (1986)

Connection to a larger whole characterized by sharing an emotional

bond or common condition; perception of similarity

A feeling of belonging, identification, and security in relationship to a larger group

Acknowledgement of interdependence, a sense of being in this together, that others have my back

Feeling that members matter to one another and to the group

Mutuality of Influence; being willing to contribute to the community and be changed by the community

Shared faith that members needs will be met through commitment to be together

JUSTICE

Stand by Sly and The Family Stone Stand

In the end you'll still be you One that's done all the things you set out to do Stand There's a cross for you to bear Things to go through if you're going anywhere Stand For the things you know are right It s the truth that the truth makes them so uptight Stand All the things you want are real You have you to complete and there is no deal Stand. stand, standStand. stand, standStand You've been sitting much too long There's a permanent crease in your right and wrong Stand There's a midget standing tall And the giant beside him about to fall Stand. stand, standStand. stand, standStand They will try to make you crawl And they know what you're saying makes sense and all Stand Don't you know that you are free Well at least in your mind if you want to be

Power and Oppression Steven Biko: The most potent weapon of the oppressor is the mind of

the oppressed.

Maulana Karenga (1996): Power is the ability to define someones elses reality and get them to believe it as if it were their own.

Expressions of Power Riger (1993)

Power Over control and dominate Power To pursue goals and opportunities Power From - resistance

Satyagraha Power of truth (Gandhi) Principles, active and openly expressed resistance to

oppression that is coupled with appeals to social justice Power With- capacity to build groups, bring people together , create

community

Revolution begins with the self, in the self.

~Toni Cade Bambara

The struggle has always been inner, and is played out in outer terrains. Awareness of our situation must come

before inner changes, which in turn comes before changes in society. ~Gloria Anzaldua

Critical Consciousness & Sociopolitical Development

Critical consciousness The ability to observe, analyze, and reflect upon ones

own conditions and the conditions of others Independent thinking that challenges the status quo

Critical consciousness is necessary to develop independent thinking in the context of an oppressive status quo Psychological empowerment Self-determination Independent thinking Critical thinking

Sociopolitical Development The developmental process of awareness and action

related to social asymmetries and inequities in valued social, political, and economic resources

Roderick Watts developed a developmental stage framework to address the psychological process of internalized oppression. Stages include: Acritical, Adaptive, Precritical, Critical, and Liberation

Involvement in social justice and community activism requires higher stages of sociopolitical development; speaks to the relationship between psychological oppression and the maintainence of an oppressive status quo

DIFFERENCE

We are all AT THE SAME TIME

Like ALL others Like SOME others

Like NO others (paraphrased from Murray & Kluckhohn)

5 Ds of Difference (Harrell, 1990)

Denial Defensiveness Distancing Devaluing Discovery

From MLKs Where do we go from here?

Now, we got to get this thing right. What is needed is a realization that power without love is

reckless and abusive, and that love without power is sentimental and anemic. Power at its

best, power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice

at its best is love correcting everything that stands against love. I have also decided to stick with love, for I know that love is ultimately the only answer to

[hu]mankind's problems. ~Martin Luther King, Jr. (1967)

Where is the Love?by The Black Eyed Peas

What's wrong with the world, mama, People livin' like they ain't got no mamas I think the whole world addicted to the drama, Only attracted to things that'll bring you trauma Overseas, yeah, we try to stop terrorism, But we still got terrorists here livin' In the USA, the big CIA, The Bloods and The Crips and the KKK But if you only have love for your own race, Then you only leave space to discriminate And to discriminate only generates hate, And when you hate then you're bound to get irate, yeah Madness is what you demonstrate, And that's exactly how anger works and operates Man, you gotta have love just to set it straight, Take control of your mind and meditate; Let your soul gravitate to the love, y'all

People killin', people dyin, Children hurt and you hear them cryin' Can you practice what you preach, And would you turn the other cheek Father, Father, Father help us, Send some guidance from above 'Cause people got me, got me questionin, Where is the love (Love). It just ain't the same, always unchanged, New days are strange, is the world insane If love and peace are so strong, Why are there pieces of love that don't belong Nations droppin' bombs, Chemical gasses fillin' lungs of little ones With ongoin' sufferin' as the youth die young, So ask yourself is the lovin' really gone So I could ask myself really what is goin' wrong, In this world that we livin' in people keep on givin' in Makin' wrong decisions, only visions of them dividends Not respectin' each other, deny thy brother A war is goin' on but the reason's undercover Where is the love?

The truth is kept secret, it's swept under the rug If you never know truth then you never know love Where's the love, y'all, come on (I don't know) Where's the truth, y'all, come on (I don't know) Where's the love, y'all People killin', people dyin, Children hurt and you hear them cryin' Can you practice what you preach, And would you turn the other cheek I feel the weight of the world on my shoulder, As I'm gettin' older, y'all, people gets colder Most of us only care about money makin, Selfishness got us followin' our wrong direction Wrong information always shown by the media, Negative images is the main criteria Infecting the young minds faster than bacteria, Kids wanna act like what they see in the cinema Yo', whatever happened to the values of humanity, Whatever happened to the fairness in equality Instead of spreading love we're spreading animosity, Lack of understanding, leading us away from unity That's the reason why sometimes I'm feelin' under, That's the reason why sometimes I'm feelin' down There's no wonder why sometimes I'm feelin' under, Gotta keep my faith alive till love is found Now ask yourselfWhere is the love? One world, one world (We only got), One world, one world (That's all we got), One world, one world And something's wrong with it (Yeah), Something's wrong with it (Yeah) Something's wrong with the wo-wo-world, yeah We only got (One world, one world)

Love and Justice

Authentic commitment to social justice is born out of

loveEnduring social justice work is sustained by

loveLiving social justice is the highest expression of love.

Harrell (2013)

Despair & Emotional Expression

Some of the most heart wrenching expressions of despair come through the music and poetry of people from oppressed groups

African American tradition Soul Musicmusic that speaks to, touches the soul

Speaks to potential role of expressive arts therapies in therapy

Motherless Child by Paul Robeson

Sometimes I feel like a motherless child A long ways from home Oh my brother A long ways from home Sometimes I feel like Im almos gone A long ways from home Oh my brother A long ways from home

The Message by GrandMaster Flash and the Furious Five

Broken glass everywhere People pissing on the stairs, you know they just don't care I can't take the smell, I can't take the noise Got no money to move out, I guess I got no choice Rats in the front room, roaches in the back Junkies in the alley with the baseball bat I tried to get away, but I couldn't get far Cause a man with a tow-truck repossessed my car Don't push me cause I'm close to the edge I'm trying not to lose my head, ah huh-huh-huh Its like a jungle out there it makes me wonder How I keep from going under

Existential Themes?

Implications for Therapy?

Ill Riseby Ben Harper You may write me down in history, With your bitter twisted lies You may trod me down in the very dirt, And still like the dust I'll rise Does my happiness upset you Why are you best with gloom Cause I laugh like I've got an oil well, Pumpin' in my living room So you may shoot me with your words, You may cut me with your eyes And I'll rise I'll rise I'll rise Out of the shacks of history's shame, Up from a past rooted in pain I'll rise I'll rise I'll rise Now did you want to see me broken, Bowed head and lowered eyes Shoulders fallen down like tear drops, Weakened by my soulful cries Does my confidence upset you, Don't you take it awful hard Cause I walk like I've got a diamond mine, Breakin up in my front yard So you may write me down in history, With your bitter twisted lies You may trod me down in the very dirt, And still like the dust I'll rise Does my happiness upset you? Why are you beset with gloom? Cause I laugh like I've got a goldmine, Diggin' up in my living room

Is there a place for these stories, this soundtrack in Humanistic Psychology?

Re-Visioning a MULTICULTURAL

Humanistic Psychology

An Attempt at Integration: Love, Justice, and Humanistic

Psychology in Multicultural Context

First sentence of APA Multicultural Guidelines

(APA Policy, 2002)

All individuals exist in social, political, historical and economic contexts and psychologists are increasingly called upon to understand the influence of

these contexts on individuals behavior.

44

Importance of Ecological and Contextual Variables

Oppressive and unhealthy contexts can block the natural human tendency toward optimal growth and development and present challenges that impede optimal human functioning and well-being, compromise or confuse personal and collective identity, and suppress or misdirect health-promoting behaviors.

Context affects conditions of living and access to societal resources

Context determines exposure to particular societal, sociocultural, and community narratives that define self, acceptable roles, as well as appropriate thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Context impacts options for support and coping Context influences opportunities for affirmation and

validation of person and community 45

A PsychoEcoCultural Perspective

The Psychoecocultural perspective approaches the study of the human mind, experience, behavior, and transformation as manifestations of the ongoing interplay between interconnected psychological, biological, ecological, and cultural processes. (Harrell, 2012)

Contextualization of the Person Emerging from this literature is the theoretical position

that a decontextualized self is meaningless; our existence is meaningful only in relationship (to others, to community, to culture, to physical settings, to ecological contexts, to nature, to God)

Descriptions of human behavior and transformation must reference the dynamic Person-Culture-Context complex in order to fully capture the transactional processes of the person as a living system embedded in and interdependent with other persons, as well as multiple cultural and ecological systems

Humanistic-Existential Connections The worldis the natural setting of, and field for, all my thoughts

and all my explicit perceptionsMan is in the world and only in the world does he know himself. Maurice Merleau-Ponty

Understanding of ones existence as such is always an understanding of the world. Martin Heidegger

[A] bare subject without a world never is. -Martin Heidegger

Through the Thou a man becomes I. Martin Buber

Be that self which one truly is. -Soren Kierkegaard 48

Existential Psychology & Context Existential Psychology is basically about the

human dilemma of making sense of our own existence and its finitude while developing the will to create meaning, live authentically, manifest our highest potentialities, and fully experience our lives in the context of the world in which we live.

An individuals relationship to the ultimate concerns of existence is expressed through the struggle to function optimally within the multiple human created ecological systems and cultural influences that create the contexts of our lives.

The Existential Paradox and Related Ideas

Face finitude and live life fullyLiving fully and authentically as we are dyingfacing death and life simultaneously

Related to the African-centered approach of diunital logic o Both/and (vs. either/or) thinking and understanding of issues;

approaching a problem holding on to the co-existence of opposite forces

o Identification of multiple truths in opposing perspectives and that seemingly conflicting viewpoints can co-exist

Dialectics- A process involving two seeming opposite or

contradictory energies or elements that acknowledges the tension between them and seeks to hold and investigate that tension

Dialectical Tensions in Psychotherapy

The dialectic of Acceptance and Change in third-wave behavioral therapies (DBT, ACT, IBCT)

Dialectical tensions in relationships (identified by Baxter) include: autonomy-connection, predictability-novelty, openness-closedness, inclusion-seclusion, conventionality-uniqueness, and revelation-concealment

Set Me Free by Gina Rene

I know the truth hurts but the pain is gonna set me free. Gina Rene

African Existentialism African existentialism emphasizes the struggle to express

ones authentic essence within contexts that actively work against validation and affirmation of the person and community.

Fanons writings and Ralph Ellisons The Invisible Man reflect African existentialism

According to the scholar Lewis Gordon

African Existentialism is about The existential demand for recognizing the situation or lived-context of Africana peoples being-in-the-world

For people of African descent, existential questions relate to issues of identity and liberation in the context of oppression

53

Paolo Freires Work as a Bridge between Humanistic Psychology and the Psychoecocultural Perspective

Brazilian educator, author of Pedagogy of the Oppressed Committed to social injustice centered on illiterate peasants Among the influences on his thoughts and writings include

existential philosophy, French personalist Emmanuel Mounier, Spanish poet and educator Miguel de Unamuno, psychiatrist Erich Fromm, and activists Che Guevara & Martin Luther King Jr.

Criticized for the connection of his writings with socialist thought Strong influence on Latin American Liberation Psychology Referenced in Community Psychology and Multicultural

Psychology KEY IDEAS: Humanization, Culture of Silence, Duality of the

Oppressed, LiberatingProblem-posing Education (vs. The Banking Concept of Education), Critical Consciousness, Critical Dialogue, Dialogic Action, Praxis

54

Freires Humanization through Dialogue Humanization as the process of relating to others as subjects

capable of knowing affirmation of ones dignity and worth as a human being. Dehumanization is the objectification of others as things

Humanization of both the oppressed and oppressor is required for liberation and transformation

Praxis is the methodology of reflection and action Dialogue is the humanizing process of learning and knowing

through sharing lived experience; it is the vehicle for transformation of both the individual and the collective

Requires mutual trust and is a horizontal relationship grounded in love, humility and faith; faith in humankind is a requirement for dialogue

Alienation and oppression thwart, block, and impair our power as human beings to create and transform ourselves and the world. Experiencing oneself as subject vs. object (to be named and acted upon) can be reborn through dialogue

55

Psychoecocultural and Humanistic Perspectives: Nine Points of Convergence and Extension

1. Primacy on authentic relationship as the pathway to the development of strong sense of self and optimal growth is consistent with diverse cultural constructs such as Ubuntu, Personalismo, Lovingkindness, etc. (Rogers)

2. Ultimate goal of becoming fully human reflects an individual level of analysis. This can be extended to the idea of valuing the full expression of collective humanity and diversity of humankind

3. Facilitating experiential awareness can be expanded in a collective context to the idea of critical consciousness (Freire and Liberation Psychology), which is also about attending more deeply to what is observed and experienced in the world around us

4. Emphasis on meaning, purpose, and strengths in the context of suffering; movement from oppression and powerlessness to meaning, liberation, freedom, and choice (Frankl, May, African Existentialism)

56

5. The human dilemma of Being-in-the-World as a focus of existentially-grounded work can be broadened to incorporate more attention to world processes at the sociopolitical and institutional levels of analysis (most existential approaches emphasize the Being part)

6. Humanistic approaches have typically taken a less pathologizing view than other therapeutic orientations, a view that has privileged and honored the clients freedom, choice, and self-determination; this implies a more collaborative and empowering approach consistent with multicultural and community psychology

7. Humanistic perspectives converge with multicultural, feminist, community, and liberation psychology in actively challenging rigid, symptom-focused, medical model, cookbook (manualized) approaches

8. Most forms of therapy that have emerged from Humanistic Psychology emphasize experiential processes such that attunement with and responsiveness to the needs of the client are primary; this is consistent with the concept of culturally-syntonic practice

9. The transpersonal view opens space for extending the conception of the person to include the spiritual dimension of human experience that is so central to many cultures

57

Benefits of the Psychoecocultural and Humanistic-Existential Integration

The integration of the psychoecocultural and humanistic-existential perspectives has the following benefits:

The concept of Being-in-the-World is consistent with conceptualizing culture and context as central players in the human condition

An expansion of focus not only to the development of our highest individual potentialities but also to our highest collective potentialities in the context of community and as citizens of the world.

Optimal expression of our humanness through wellness processes is more meaningfully pursued and successfully facilitated when culturally and contextually situated

Adversity and pain are conceptualized as an inevitable part of human existence through the experience of Being in the World and provide ongoing opportunities for liberation, empowerment, and transformation

58

Humanistic Concepts through a Multicultural Lens

NECESSARY & SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS (The Soil) UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD EMPATHY FULLY FUNCTIONING HUMAN INCONGRUENCE AND CONGRUENCE EXPERIENCING AUTHENTICITY ACTUALIZING TENDENCY SELF-ACTUALIZATION EXISTENTIAL PARADOX EXISTENTIAL GIVENS MEANING AND PURPOSE FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY

Contextualized

Humanistic Intervention

(CHI)

Contextualized Humanistic Intervention

An Integrative Multicultural-Humanistic approach that emphasizes the interconnectedness of

persons, contexts, and culture thus expanding the base traditions of

Humanistic and Multicultural Psychologies and their respective families.

Ultimately, CHI is about optimizing the full

expression of our humanity and the diversity of humankind towards the elevation of our collective

functioning and well-being. 61

Three Core Emergent Ideas from Culture-Centered Psychologies

Three common themes among culture-centered and indigenous psychologies 1. Concepts of interrelatedness, connectedness,

and oneness 2. Centrality of spirituality 3. Challenge of achieving liberation, positive

identity, and optimal functioning in the context of multiple threats and blocks embedded in the conditions of living

62

CULTURE The superordinate context in which human experience, functioning, and transformation occur by providing the fundamental and organizing foundation for interpreting

and living in the world. ~Wade Nobles

Culture is learned, expressed, and passed along

through a vast network of shared material, social, and ideological structures including ideas, values, beliefs, sensibilities, social roles, language, communication patterns, physical artifacts, rituals, and symbols.

~David Matsumoto

63

CULTURE IS Embedded in our Environmental Contexts

Internalized into our Beliefs, Values, & Thoughts Expressed through our Choices and Behaviors

Culture can be demographically-based (e.g., ethnic culture, gay culture) or experientially-based (e.g., occupational culture, 12-step culture)

Individuals are exposed to and internalize multiple cultural influences which intersect in particular ways to create identity

Culture functions as an organizing and linking process between persons and contexts, as well as being manifested in the transactions between them

The inclusion of culture in the analysis of human experience, behavior, and transformation facilitates the identification of constructs, methods, and strategies that enhance the effectiveness of applied work in diverse cultural contexts

64

The Integrative and Foundational Role of Culture

THE QUESTIONSAGAIN Is Humanistic Psychology inherently multicultural? If so, how is

that made credible through explicit discussion and visibility in theory and practice?

Does the community of Humanistic Psychology include the multiple cultural expressions of humanity?

Does the intellectual and theoretical work of humanistic psychology include voices that speak to what it means to be human and the existential dilemmas of our humanness from diverse cultural traditions?

Is the practice of Humanistic Psychology relevant to serving the well-being of the marginalized, disenfranchised, and oppressed?

In what ways is Humanistic Psychology in substantive dialogue with those in psychology whose work focuses on diversity and social justice? (e.g., Divisions 9, 27, 35, 44, 45, 48)

Do the writings and work of Humanistic Psychology demonstrate an understanding of systemic oppression, power, and privilege?

Has Humanistic Psychology been willing to step into the discomfort of differences and engage in some meaningful self-evaluation around these issues?

My journey of despair and hope during this

conference.

We Shall Overcome by Mahalia Jackson

We shall overcome, we shall overcome, We shall overcome someday; Oh, deep in our hearts, we do believe, We shall overcome someday. We shall all have peace, We shall all have peace, We shall all have peace someday; Oh, deep in our hearts, I do believe, We shall all have peace one day. We will all be free, We will all be free, We will all be free someday; Oh, deep in our hearts, We do believe, We shall all be free one day.

THROUGH THE EYES OF LOVE AND JUSTICE: Revisioning a MULTICULTURAL Humanistic PsychologyGRATITUDEWake up Everybodyby John Legend, The Roots, & CommonTHE QUESTIONSOn Walking the TalkOUR HUMAN ADVENTURETHROUGH THE EYES OF LOVE AND JUSTICESome of my favorite Love Books"When I speak of love I am speaking of that force which all of the great religions have seen as the supreme unifying principle of life.Love is somehow the key that unlocks the door which leads to ultimate reality."~Martin Luther King, Jr.Love is the only sane and satisfactory answer to the problem of human existence. Erich FrommAgape LoveLove is.Love is by CommonINTERCONNECTEDNESS&COMMUNITYThe African Ethic of UbuntuMy humanity is bound up in yours, for we can only be human together.~Bishop Desmond TutuNobles Extended Self(African-centered Psychology)There is no better place to learn the art of loving than in community.~bell hooksWhat is a community?Some Characteristics of CommunitiesSignificance of CommunitySense of CommunityJUSTICEStand by Sly and The Family StonePower and OppressionRevolution begins with the self,in the self. ~Toni Cade BambaraThe struggle has always been inner, and is played out in outer terrains. Awareness of our situation must come before inner changes, which in turn comes before changes in society. ~Gloria AnzalduaCritical Consciousness & Sociopolitical DevelopmentSociopolitical DevelopmentDIFFERENCE5 Ds of Difference(Harrell, 1990)From MLKs Where do we go from here?Now, we got to get this thing right. What is needed is a realization that power without love isreckless and abusive, and that love without power is sentimental and anemic. Power at itsbest, power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justiceat its best is love correcting everything that stands against love. I have also decided to stick with love, for I know that love is ultimately the only answer to [hu]mankind's problems.~Martin Luther King, Jr. (1967)Where is the Love?by The Black Eyed PeasSlide Number 34Slide Number 35Love and JusticeDespair & Emotional ExpressionMotherless Child by Paul RobesonThe Messageby GrandMaster Flash and the Furious FiveExistential Themes?Implications for Therapy?Ill Riseby Ben HarperIs there a place for these stories, this soundtrack in Humanistic Psychology?Re-Visioning a MULTICULTURAL Humanistic PsychologyFirst sentence of APA Multicultural Guidelines (APA Policy, 2002)Importance of Ecological and Contextual VariablesA PsychoEcoCultural PerspectiveContextualization of the PersonHumanistic-Existential ConnectionsExistential Psychology & ContextThe Existential Paradox and Related IdeasDialectical Tensions in PsychotherapySet Me Free by Gina ReneI know the truth hurts but the pain is gonna set me free. Gina ReneAfrican ExistentialismPaolo Freires Work as a Bridge between Humanistic Psychology and the Psychoecocultural PerspectiveFreires Humanization through DialoguePsychoecocultural and Humanistic Perspectives:Nine Points of Convergence and ExtensionSlide Number 57Benefits of the Psychoecocultural and Humanistic-Existential IntegrationHumanistic Concepts through a Multicultural LensContextualized HumanisticIntervention(CHI)Contextualized Humanistic InterventionThree Core Emergent Ideas from Culture-Centered PsychologiesCULTURETHE QUESTIONSAGAINMy journey of despair and hope during this conference.We Shall Overcome by Mahalia Jackson