HAPLHAPL

Concepts and Requirements for GIMM

Structures

Concepts and Requirements for GIMM

Structures Thomas Kozub, Charles Gentile, Irving Zatz -

PPPLMohamed Sawan - FTI UW

John Pulsifer, Mark Tillack - UCSDMalcolm McGeoch - PLEX

Tom Lehecka - Penn State

Thomas Kozub, Charles Gentile, Irving Zatz - PPPL

Mohamed Sawan - FTI UWJohn Pulsifer, Mark Tillack - UCSD

Malcolm McGeoch - PLEXTom Lehecka - Penn State

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HAPLHAPLProject OverviewProject Overview

A Conceptual Design for a Grazing Incidence Metal Mirror (GIMM) Structural Support System.

The objective of this task is to develop a viable supporting system for the GIMM that is integrated into the overall facility structure.

A Conceptual Design for a Grazing Incidence Metal Mirror (GIMM) Structural Support System.

The objective of this task is to develop a viable supporting system for the GIMM that is integrated into the overall facility structure.

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HAPLHAPLDesign OverviewDesign Overview

The system design will need to address:Static support of the GIMM structures to the facilities foundation.

Structural elements to maintain stability and alignment within the prescribed tolerances of the optical components.

A GIMM base that provides a mirror surface flatness to a quarter wavelength.

Elimination of high frequency vibration at GIMM that is beyond the dynamic tracking response of the steering mirrors.

Methods for mounting the GIMM within the vacuum beam duct at the several various required orientations.

Necessary features for the installation, adjustment, servicing and replacement of the GIMM components.

The system design will need to address:Static support of the GIMM structures to the facilities foundation.

Structural elements to maintain stability and alignment within the prescribed tolerances of the optical components.

A GIMM base that provides a mirror surface flatness to a quarter wavelength.

Elimination of high frequency vibration at GIMM that is beyond the dynamic tracking response of the steering mirrors.

Methods for mounting the GIMM within the vacuum beam duct at the several various required orientations.

Necessary features for the installation, adjustment, servicing and replacement of the GIMM components.

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HAPLHAPLDesign BasisDesign Basis

This design is based on the October, 2007 GIMM configuration as presented in the report “Nuclear Environment at Final Optics of HAPL” by Mohamed Sawan.

This design is based on the October, 2007 GIMM configuration as presented in the report “Nuclear Environment at Final Optics of HAPL” by Mohamed Sawan.

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Drawing by Malcolm McGeoch

3m

GIMM, M1

focusing dielectric, M2

plane dielectric turning mirror, M3

10deg closest location of M3

furthest location of M3

blanketmain containment   (concrete) vacuum duct

22.5m

20m

12.25m10m

24m

33m

14.9m

71cm

81cm

77cm

1.6m

6.0m

60cm

46cm30cm

5.2m

focusing mirror M2

turning mirror M3

GIMM M1

1.39m2.46m 3.05m

4.38m

HAPL GIMM design of 3-31-06

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HAPLHAPLProject ScopeProject Scope

GIMM support project scope:Each of the forty GIMM units consists of a mirror assembly contained within a long stainless steel vacuum duct

The duct which forms the beam line is contained within a large shielding block

All forty units are geometrically arranged around a shielding sphere centered around the target chamber

Together the GIMM units and shield sphere fill a volume of ~ 260,000m3.

GIMM support project scope:Each of the forty GIMM units consists of a mirror assembly contained within a long stainless steel vacuum duct

The duct which forms the beam line is contained within a large shielding block

All forty units are geometrically arranged around a shielding sphere centered around the target chamber

Together the GIMM units and shield sphere fill a volume of ~ 260,000m3.

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GIMM Shield Units Located Around the Central Shielding

Sphere

GIMM Shield Units Located Around the Central Shielding

Sphere

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GIMM System Baseline Specifications

GIMM System Baseline Specifications

Number of GIMM’s: 40 GIMM surface size: 3.1m x 5.2m Angle of incidence: 85 degree Surface orientation from horizontal: Varies GIMM surface material: Al with ~1% Cu GIMM surface flatness: RMS maximum GIMM center distance from target: 24m (to focal point) Beam duct size: 0.3m x 1.4m to 0.8m x

4.4m Shielding size: About 7m x 7m x 18m Shielding volume: About 880m3

Shielding weight: ~2,000,000 kg Optical tracking and steering: Assume fast enough to

50Hz

Number of GIMM’s: 40 GIMM surface size: 3.1m x 5.2m Angle of incidence: 85 degree Surface orientation from horizontal: Varies GIMM surface material: Al with ~1% Cu GIMM surface flatness: RMS maximum GIMM center distance from target: 24m (to focal point) Beam duct size: 0.3m x 1.4m to 0.8m x

4.4m Shielding size: About 7m x 7m x 18m Shielding volume: About 880m3

Shielding weight: ~2,000,000 kg Optical tracking and steering: Assume fast enough to

50Hz

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HAPLHAPLDesign ObjectivesDesign Objectives

1. Meet the optical stability requirements for the GIMM units as located within the facility

2. Meet the operational and service needs of the GIMM units

1. Meet the optical stability requirements for the GIMM units as located within the facility

2. Meet the operational and service needs of the GIMM units

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HAPLHAPLDesign ApproachDesign Approach

To meet the optical stability requirements the design incorporates two major elements:1.The details of the GIMM attachment to the shield block unit.

2.The facility structure supporting the individual GIMM shielding blocks.

To meet the optical stability requirements the design incorporates two major elements:1.The details of the GIMM attachment to the shield block unit.

2.The facility structure supporting the individual GIMM shielding blocks.

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Facility structure supporting the individual GIMM shielding block and duct unit

Facility structure supporting the individual GIMM shielding block and duct unit

GIMM base mounting inside beam line duct

GIMM base mounting inside beam line duct

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HAPLHAPLPrimary Design ChallengePrimary Design Challenge

The primary design challenge is maintaining the GIMM surface location with respect to the optical beam path.

The primary design challenge is maintaining the GIMM surface location with respect to the optical beam path.

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HAPLHAPLFocal Point Error AnalysisFocal Point Error Analysis

The displacement of the beam focal point at target is determined for the GIMM displacement in each of three axes of displacement and three axes of rotation.

The displacement of the beam focal point at target is determined for the GIMM displacement in each of three axes of displacement and three axes of rotation.

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GIMM Displacement Effects on Focal Point(Ridged Body Mirror Base)

GIMM Displacement Effects on Focal Point(Ridged Body Mirror Base)

Displacement Effect Magnitude Factor

Motion

Translation x

None - -

Translation y

None - -

Translation z

Translation z

~2 mm/mm Linear

Rotation x Rotation x ~2.4 mm/mrad Arc

Rotation y Translation z

24 mm/mrad Linear

Rotation z None - -

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Low Frequency Displacement Effects

Low Frequency Displacement Effects

Design assumes low frequency (<50Hz) and small amplitude displacements will be compensated by the active tracking and steering system.

Examples:Thermal variations of structural elements

All low frequency sources of vibration

Structural settling

Design assumes low frequency (<50Hz) and small amplitude displacements will be compensated by the active tracking and steering system.

Examples:Thermal variations of structural elements

All low frequency sources of vibration

Structural settling

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Compensation for Low Frequency Effects

Compensation for Low Frequency Effects

All elements in the optical system must be designed with:Sufficient static adjustment rangeSufficient dynamic range for an effective steering system.Beam duct aperture sizeWindow aperture sizeMirror surface size

All elements in the optical system must be designed with:Sufficient static adjustment rangeSufficient dynamic range for an effective steering system.Beam duct aperture sizeWindow aperture sizeMirror surface size

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HAPLHAPLMirror Base Design GoalsMirror Base Design Goals

1. Manageable mirror base size – in line with standard commercial equipment

2. Isolate mirror base from beam vacuum duct

3. High attenuation factor for frequencies above 50Hz using vibration isolation

4. Minimum mirror base fundamental frequencies >400Hz (achievable with the nine smaller mirror segments)

5. Use commercial off the shelf (COTS) equipment directly or modified to meet the unique environment

1. Manageable mirror base size – in line with standard commercial equipment

2. Isolate mirror base from beam vacuum duct

3. High attenuation factor for frequencies above 50Hz using vibration isolation

4. Minimum mirror base fundamental frequencies >400Hz (achievable with the nine smaller mirror segments)

5. Use commercial off the shelf (COTS) equipment directly or modified to meet the unique environment

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GIMM Shielding Block Unit Section

GIMM Shielding Block Unit Section

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GIMM Base Support System Details

GIMM Base Support System Details

Each GIMM face is divided into 3x3 array of GIMM segment faces (this provides a more manageable size and the ability to use COTS components).

Each GIMM segment is mounted on a segment base (~1.1m x ~1.8m) constructed from stainless steel or SiC in a honey comb configuration and incorporating active cooling.

Each base is mounted on frame with legs passing through the wall of the vacuum vessel and sealed with welded bellows.

The legs for each GIMM segment are joined together outside of the vacuum chamber with a robust table structure.

The table structure is directly mounted on vibration isolators.

The isolators are directly anchored into the surrounding concrete structure.

Each GIMM face is divided into 3x3 array of GIMM segment faces (this provides a more manageable size and the ability to use COTS components).

Each GIMM segment is mounted on a segment base (~1.1m x ~1.8m) constructed from stainless steel or SiC in a honey comb configuration and incorporating active cooling.

Each base is mounted on frame with legs passing through the wall of the vacuum vessel and sealed with welded bellows.

The legs for each GIMM segment are joined together outside of the vacuum chamber with a robust table structure.

The table structure is directly mounted on vibration isolators.

The isolators are directly anchored into the surrounding concrete structure.

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HAPLHAPLGIMM Isolated Base SupportGIMM Isolated Base Support

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HAPLHAPLMajor Structure Design GoalsMajor Structure Design Goals

1. Meet the static load requirements for reactor core infrastructure

2. Stable foundation below grade located at a suitable site

3. A ridged structure encompassing the long beam paths

4. Structure must have a high damping factor and low transmissibility

5. Main structure fundamental modes of >10Hz

6. Meet Vibration Criteria standards VC-E and NIST-A1 or better classifications

7. Attenuate all detrimental sources of vibration through isolation

1. Meet the static load requirements for reactor core infrastructure

2. Stable foundation below grade located at a suitable site

3. A ridged structure encompassing the long beam paths

4. Structure must have a high damping factor and low transmissibility

5. Main structure fundamental modes of >10Hz

6. Meet Vibration Criteria standards VC-E and NIST-A1 or better classifications

7. Attenuate all detrimental sources of vibration through isolation

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HAPLHAPLDesign Development CriteriaDesign Development Criteria

Basic structural elements considered:Static loadingLoad to foundationFundamental modes of vibrationHorizontal and vertical dynamic stabilityVibration dampeningArch constructionConcrete vs. steel

Designs developed for other low vibration facilities:NIST Advanced Measurement LaboratoryNew semiconductor, metrology and nanotechnology buildings

Basic structural elements considered:Static loadingLoad to foundationFundamental modes of vibrationHorizontal and vertical dynamic stabilityVibration dampeningArch constructionConcrete vs. steel

Designs developed for other low vibration facilities:NIST Advanced Measurement LaboratoryNew semiconductor, metrology and nanotechnology buildings

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Initial Investigation of Structural Stability

Initial Investigation of Structural Stability

Stainless Steel Frame FEA Cylindrical Concrete Arch FEA

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Steel Frame Supporting Large Mass

Steel Frame Supporting Large Mass

Large static deformations (>> 1-inch)

Numerous low frequency modes <10 Hz.

Prone to buckling and other instabilities

Conclusion – Unrealistically massive steel structures would be required to reduce these effects to an acceptable level

Large static deformations (>> 1-inch)

Numerous low frequency modes <10 Hz.

Prone to buckling and other instabilities

Conclusion – Unrealistically massive steel structures would be required to reduce these effects to an acceptable level 1st Mode << 1 Hz.

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Cylindrical Concrete Arch Structure

Cylindrical Concrete Arch Structure

1st Mode = 6.5 Hz.Static DeformationDelta Zmax = 0.06 in.

- Much smaller static deformations- Much higher frequency modes- Greater structural stability

(Deformations are greatlymagnified for ease of viewing)

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Integrated Facility StructureIntegrated Facility Structure

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Advantages of Concrete Arch Construction

Advantages of Concrete Arch Construction

Reduction in material volumeProvides service paths and accessGood stability and strength to weight ratio

Established and proven technologyReduced resonance peaks, minimizes node points

Cost advantages

Reduction in material volumeProvides service paths and accessGood stability and strength to weight ratio

Established and proven technologyReduced resonance peaks, minimizes node points

Cost advantages

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Structurally Integrated GIMM Shield Blocks

Structurally Integrated GIMM Shield Blocks

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Advantages of Proposed Configuration

Advantages of Proposed Configuration

Employment of concrete in this manner provides an elegant solution.

Concrete performs the dual roles of shielding material and structural material

Constructing the intervening structural elements from concrete provides for a continuous homogeneous structure with the shielding and foundation.

Eliminates connection points and nodes between different structural materials.

Provides good damping characteristics. Provides higher fundamental modes than steel

framing. Provides the ability to cast shapes as

required. This configuration provides a stable platform. Utilizes proven commercial construction

methods.

Employment of concrete in this manner provides an elegant solution.

Concrete performs the dual roles of shielding material and structural material

Constructing the intervening structural elements from concrete provides for a continuous homogeneous structure with the shielding and foundation.

Eliminates connection points and nodes between different structural materials.

Provides good damping characteristics. Provides higher fundamental modes than steel

framing. Provides the ability to cast shapes as

required. This configuration provides a stable platform. Utilizes proven commercial construction

methods.

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HAPLHAPLSection View of StructureSection View of Structure

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Comparison of Concrete Volume in Selected Power Facilities

Comparison of Concrete Volume in Selected Power Facilities

FACILITY VOLUME OF CONCRETE m3

PRODUCED POWER Gw

Hoover Dam 3,333,000 2

Fission Plant 305,000 1

HAPL IFE Plant

~400,000 2

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HAPLHAPLFuture workFuture work

Complete static loading analysisDetailed dynamic vibration analysisVibration isolator designA further refinement in the integration of the GIMM shield units into the structure

GIMM cooling methods minimizing vibration

Servicing featuresIntegrated facility structural details

Dust mitigation and removal

Complete static loading analysisDetailed dynamic vibration analysisVibration isolator designA further refinement in the integration of the GIMM shield units into the structure

GIMM cooling methods minimizing vibration

Servicing featuresIntegrated facility structural details

Dust mitigation and removal

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HAPLHAPLConclusionsConclusions

This design strategy provides a scalable and flexible approach to meeting the structural requirements of an evolving project.

This design efficiently incorporates the required shielding materials into the core structure providing increased stability and functionality

This design rigidly binds together critical components and infrastructure while minimizing the effects vibration.

This design strategy provides a scalable and flexible approach to meeting the structural requirements of an evolving project.

This design efficiently incorporates the required shielding materials into the core structure providing increased stability and functionality

This design rigidly binds together critical components and infrastructure while minimizing the effects vibration.

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For Additional Information Please See

Poster

For Additional Information Please See

Poster

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Extra Materials for PosterExtra Materials for Poster

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HAPLHAPLSources of VibrationSources of Vibration

Reducing the sources of vibration to an minimum is as important as the attenuation of vibration.

Sources of vibration grouped by strength of coupling to the GIMM:Sources acting directly on the GIMM.IFE Process sources acting on the central core structure.

Facility and other sources dispersed throughout the plant.

Reducing the sources of vibration to an minimum is as important as the attenuation of vibration.

Sources of vibration grouped by strength of coupling to the GIMM:Sources acting directly on the GIMM.IFE Process sources acting on the central core structure.

Facility and other sources dispersed throughout the plant.

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Sources of Vibration Acting Directly on the GIMM

Sources of Vibration Acting Directly on the GIMM

Thermal shock from target detonationImpulse at rate ~5Hz

Thermal shock from laser pulseImpulse at rate ~5Hz

Flow of GIMM coolantContinuous source

Electromagnetic effectsTo be determined

Thermal shock from target detonationImpulse at rate ~5Hz

Thermal shock from laser pulseImpulse at rate ~5Hz

Flow of GIMM coolantContinuous source

Electromagnetic effectsTo be determined

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IFE Process Sources of Vibration Through the Facility

Structure

IFE Process Sources of Vibration Through the Facility

StructureTarget detonation impulse

Ion, radiation and thermal impulse at ~5Hz

Magnetic Intervention field pulseField force response into structure at ~5Hz

Target detonation impulseIon, radiation and thermal impulse at ~5Hz

Magnetic Intervention field pulseField force response into structure at ~5Hz

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Facility and Other Sources of Vibration

Facility and Other Sources of Vibration

Rotating machinery: pumps, motors, etc.

Valves operatingFluid flow through pipesTransformers and other electrical devices

Elevators, cranes, trucks, doorsExternal sources through foundation

Atmospheric and Seismic

Rotating machinery: pumps, motors, etc.

Valves operatingFluid flow through pipesTransformers and other electrical devices

Elevators, cranes, trucks, doorsExternal sources through foundation

Atmospheric and Seismic

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HAPLHAPLOther GIMM IssuesOther GIMM Issues

Dust and Contamination IssuesSuitable Vibration IsolatorsServicing Issues

Dust and Contamination IssuesSuitable Vibration IsolatorsServicing Issues

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GIMM Dust and Contamination Issues

GIMM Dust and Contamination Issues

GIMM surface contamination from dust and other materials can compromise the performance of the mirror

The beam ducts will probably be a source of contamination

Counter gas flows may introduce excessive gas loading on the pumps and fuel recovery system to be effective

Electrostatic collection may be of some value

GIMM surface contamination from dust and other materials can compromise the performance of the mirror

The beam ducts will probably be a source of contamination

Counter gas flows may introduce excessive gas loading on the pumps and fuel recovery system to be effective

Electrostatic collection may be of some value

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HAPLHAPLVibration IsolatorsVibration Isolators

Use COTS components when possible Solid elastomer units can not be used do to the

harsh radiation environment Pneumatic units:

COTS units will probably work in the radiation environment with some modification and the removal of elastomer seals

Typical load capability of 2000 lb per unit Non magnetic versions available Typical attenuation factor of >100 for both

horizontal and vertical frequencies >30Hz (multi-staging can be used to reach greater attenuation factors)

Non vertical applications: COTS units will require some modification for non

vertical use It may be possible to use vertical vibration

isolators with counterbalanced support frame

Use COTS components when possible Solid elastomer units can not be used do to the

harsh radiation environment Pneumatic units:

COTS units will probably work in the radiation environment with some modification and the removal of elastomer seals

Typical load capability of 2000 lb per unit Non magnetic versions available Typical attenuation factor of >100 for both

horizontal and vertical frequencies >30Hz (multi-staging can be used to reach greater attenuation factors)

Non vertical applications: COTS units will require some modification for non

vertical use It may be possible to use vertical vibration

isolators with counterbalanced support frame

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HAPLHAPLServicing IssuesServicing Issues

Access to GIMM for:Adjustment and inspectionMaintenance and cleaningCooling system serviceUnit replacementMaterial and equipment

Beam vacuum duct penetrationsRemote servicing possibilities

Access to GIMM for:Adjustment and inspectionMaintenance and cleaningCooling system serviceUnit replacementMaterial and equipment

Beam vacuum duct penetrationsRemote servicing possibilities