Hanging Rock Reserve Environmental Management Plan Part 2

Hanging Rock Reserve Environmental

Management Plan

Part 2: Management Plan

Prepared for Macedon Ranges Shire Council and Department of

Environment, Land, Water & Planning

Adopted by Council 16 December 2015

New Years’ Day Races 2015

Southern Slope of Rock

Racecourse Grassland

Hanging Rock Reserve Environmental Management Plan

Part 2: Management Plan

By: Katherine Smedley

Flora Survey: James Kidman, Katherine Smedley and Michelle Savona

Fauna Survey: Alice Ewing (accompanied by William Terry- Macedon Ranges Shire Council)

GIS mapping: Karen McGregor and Colin Broughton

Practical Ecology Pty Ltd

PO Box 228, Preston VIC 3072

Telephone: (03) 9484 1535

Fax: (03) 9484 9133

Website: www.practicalecology.com.au

Prepared for: Macedon Ranges Shire Council and

the Department of Transport,

Planning and Local Infrastructure

PE project number: DTP 1975

Contact: Michelle Wyatt

Macedon Ranges Shire Council

PO Box 151 Kyneton Victoria 3444

Phone 03 5421 9678

Fax 03 5422 3623

[email protected]

PE file location: R:\Macedon Ranges\Hanging Rock

EMP AUG 14\ Hanging Rock EMP:

Part 2 DEC 2015

© Copyright: Unless otherwise agreed in writing, this report is the intellectual property of Practical Ecology Pty Ltd. It is

designed to be used exclusively by the person or organisation that commissioned it. Permission must be sought prior to

reproduction of any portion of this document, and every effort made to ensure proper referencing of this document.

Hanging Rock Reserve Environmental Management Plan: Part 2

3

Contents

1. INTRODUCTION 4

1.1 EMP Objectives 4

1.2 Balancing Conservation and Recreation Values 4

2. ECOLOGICAL VALUES OF HANGING ROCK 5

3. HANGING ROCK MANAGEMENT ZONES AND PRINCIPLES 7

4. MONITORING AND EVALUATION 39

4.1 Monitoring 39

4.2 Extent of Conservation Management Prior to the EMP 39

4.3 Extent of Conservation Management within the EMP 40

4.4 Evaluation and review 41

5. ACTIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM 42

Appendix 1. Weed Species Lists 68

5.1.1 Racecourse Grassland 68 5.1.2 The Rock and its Surrounds 69

5.1.3 Remainder of the Reserve 71

Appendix 2. Log Densities 73

Appendix 3. Fuel MZ- Vegetation Standards 75

TABLES

Table 1. Ecological Values of Hanging Rock 5

Table 2. Extent of Management Zones at Hanging Rock (October 2014) 40

Table 3. Extent of Conservation Managed Areas at Hanging Rock (April 2015) 40

Table 4. Ecological Management Recommendations and Actions 43

Table 5. Weed Prioritisation in the Racecourse Grassland 69

Table 6. Weed Prioritisation on the Rock and its’ Surrounds 70

Table 7. Weed Prioritisation for the Remainder of the Reserve 71

Table 8. Suitable On-site Log Densities 74

MAPS

Map 1. Hanging Rock: Site Description 60

Map 2. EVCs at Hanging Rock 61

Map 3. Indigenous Ground-storey Vegetation Cover and Quality at Hanging Rock 62

Map 4. Bird Census Locations at Hanging Rock 63

Map 5. Threatened fauna Species Habitat Assessment at Hanging Rock 64

Map 7. Weeds Locations at Hanging Rock 65

Map 8. Fire Risk Management at Hanging Rock 66

Map 9. Management Zones at Hanging Rock 67

Map 10. Potential Monitoring Plot Locations at Hanging Rock 67


4

1. INTRODUCTION

This is Part 2 of the Hanging Rock Reserve Environmental Management Plan. Part 2 sets out the

management principles and actions proposed for each management zone.

The recommendations presented in the EMP: Part 1 forms the basis of the management principles and

actions that have been developed for each Management Zones within this accompanying Part 2

document.

1.1 EMP Objectives

The objectives of the Hanging Rock Environmental Management Plan (as outlined in the Project Brief;

October 2014) are:

To identify the environmental values of the Hanging Rock Precinct

To establish a prioritised program of management actions aimed at conserving and enhancing the

site’s environmental values while managing environmental risks and maintaining the reserve’s

recreation and tourist functions

To establish a monitoring and evaluation program for the Precinct’s environmental assets and

management.

1.2 Balancing Conservation and Recreation Values

Considering the balance required between the conservation and recreation values of the Reserve,

conflicts between conservation and recreation may arise upon occasions. To manage any potential

conflicts, the following guidelines are provided:

In the conservation areas, conservation values are prioritised over recreational values

Priority is given to maintaining visitor access to the Rock

In the recreational areas which are a mixture of open areas and mature remnant eucalypts:

o Recreational uses are a priority in the open areas

o The conservation requirements of the remnant eucalypts need to be considered in the

recreational areas


5

2. ECOLOGICAL VALUES OF HANGING ROCK

There are numerous ecological values within the Reserve, with regard to its’ vegetation, flora and fauna

species. Other ecological values include the actual rock formation, and the general Reserve landscape

including racecourse dam, Smokers Creek and the large old trees growing throughout the reserve.

The following Table summarises the ecological values that currently exist at Hanging Rock. A more

detailed overview of the site’s ecological values is available in Part 1 of this EMP.

Table 1. Ecological Values of Hanging Rock

Ecological Value Status Location and/or Comments

Geology and Landscape

Rock formation Heritage Overlay (HO88)

Included in the Victorian Heritage Register

One of the best known examples of a volcanic plug

or mamelon in the world.

Racecourse dam Provides a wetland environment for a variety of

wetland birds and other species

Racecourse grassland Considered to be of National significance (Loder

and Bayly 1993), prior to being partially

impacted during dam rehabilitation works in

2007. Has also been over-grazed by kangaroos

and/or rabbits.

Provides an open woodland environment with

indigenous ground-storey vegetation within the

Reserve

Vegetation

EVC 23: Herb-rich

Foothill Forest

Depleted in the CVU bioregion Forest on southern slopes of rock.

EVC 55: Plains Grassy

Woodland

Endangered in the CVU bioregion Woodland on northern side of rock.

EVC 83: Swampy Riparian

Woodland

Endangered in the CVU bioregion Along Smokers Creek.

EVC 859: Montane Grassy

Woodland/Rocky Outcrop

Shrubland/Rocky Outcrop

Herbland Mosaic

EVC 859 Status not available

EVC 73: Least Concern (Rocky Outcrop

Shrubland/Rocky Outcrop Herbland Mosaic)

EVC 37: Vulnerable (Montane Grassy Woodland)

The rock itself.

Flora

Dwarf Silver-wattle

Acacia nano-dealbata

Rare within Victoria Cliff face of rock formation

Black Gums

Eucalyptus aggregata

Endangered within Victoria,

Listed under the State Flora and Fauna

Guarantee Act 1998.

East Paddock along Smokers Creek

Snow Gums

Eucalyptus pauciflora

Botanical interest as a healthy population of the

lowland form

On the rock itself; and

in the racecourse grassland

Silver Banksia

Banksia marginata

Botanical interest as mature patch of tree-form On the rock itself near the summit

Leafy Fireweed

Senecio squarrosus

A.Rich.

Botanical interest as uncommon in Victoria Racecourse grassland


6

Ecological Value Status Location and/or Comments

Fauna- Threatened Species

Grey Goshawk

Accipiter novaehollandiae

novaehollandiae

Vulnerable in Victoria

Listed under the FFG Act (1998)

Occasional visitor to forest south of the rock

Australasian Shoveler

Anas rhynchotis


Racecourse dam

Eastern Great Egret

Ardea modesta



Racecourse dam and racecourse grassland

Hardhead

Aythya australis


Racecourse dam

Brown Treecreeper

(south-eastern ssp.)

Climacteris picumnus

victoriae

Near threatened in Victoria Woodland on northern side of rock

Latham's Snipe

Gallinago hardwickii

Near threatened in Victoria

Migratory species under the EPBC Act (1999)

Racecourse dam

White-throated Needletail

Hirundapus caudacutus


Migratory species under the EPBC Act (1999)

Aerial space above the rock and other habitat.

Swift Parrot

Lathamus discolour

Endangered in Victoria


Endangered species under the EPBC Act (1999)

Within autumn-winter flowering eucalypt habitat

throughout site, particularly when local blooms of

Golden Wattle are present.

Barking Owl

Ninox connivens

connivens

Endangered in Victoria


All wooded habitat

Powerful Owl

Ninox strenua



All wooded habitat

Greater Glider

Petauroides volans

Vulnerable in Victoria Areas with larger, older trees with hollows,

particularly to the south

Brush-tailed Phascogale

Phascogale tapaotafa


Areas with larger, older trees, logs, hollows and

crevices, such as the rock, and area of larger trees to

the south of the rock.

Fauna-Iconic Species (Not listed as Threatened)

Koala

Phascolarctos cinereus

Not listed as threatened in Victoria Population has persisted, but numbers have been

variable over the years. The January 2015 count

recorded nine individuals, which is close to the

Reserve’s carrying capacity identified by the AKF.

Peregrine Falcon

Falco peregrinus

N/a

Whilst not considered a threatened species, it is

important to recognise and conserve these breeding

pairs as an important component of the ecological

values of the Reserve.


7

3. HANGING ROCK MANAGEMENT ZONES AND PRINCIPLES

To effectively manage and conserve the ecological values present across Hanging Rock Reserve, the

entire Reserve has been divided into five Management Zones, with some sub-zones. The Zones have

been designated to ensure only one zone applies to any area within the Reserve.

Each of the Management Zones defines the main management purpose and objectives for each area

within the Reserve. The zones were defined according to current site conditions, the ecological values

present, and the management objectives to be achieved. Whilst the Zones have primarily been

designated to conserve the ecological values of Hanging Rock, they have also been determined to define

and protect the recreational and other uses of the Reserve.

As a component of the use of Management Zones to guide the ecological management at Hanging Rock,

comprehensive ecological management principles have been determined for the five Management Zones

(and their sub-zones). The principles were determined based on the ecological values present within

each Zone, and the management issues associated with these values. A full discussion of the

background behind each principle is presented in the EMP: Part 1.

These ecological management principles, along with the designated Management Zones, are the

backbone of the EMP, and they are the basis for guiding the management of the current ecological values

of Hanging Rock for the next 10 years.

These ecological management principles are only presented in the EMP: Part 2, as they are primarily for

guiding ecological decision making and the actual on-ground works. The EMP: Part 1 contains the

detailed discussion and recommendations that have resulted from the site assessments and stakeholder

consultations. The EMP: Part 2 is the ‘working document’ designed for everyday use at Hanging Rock.

Management Zones

The five Management Zones, and sub-zones, are listed below:

Conservation Zones

Core Conservation Zones (CCZs)

o The two Core Conservation Zones contain remnant indigenous ground-storey vegetation.

These areas contain the greatest indigenous flora species diversity within the Reserve.

Remnant Trees Conservation Zones (RTCZs)

o The four Remnant Trees Conservation Zones contain a remnant canopy layer and some

shrubs, but are dominated by exotic ground-storey vegetation.

Smokers Creek (SCCZ)

o Smokers Creek (and its tributaries) are located in the southern portion of the Reserve, and

as a riparian strip, Smokers Creek provides a link into the wider landscape.

Recreation Zones (RZ)

The Recreation Zones include the mown grassy picnic/recreation/car parking areas; and

designated mature trees or clumps of trees that will be managed in ‘Tree Conservation Areas’.


8

Fuel Management Zone

Areas around the perimeter of the Reserve and along the main walking tracks/internal roads,

which are and will (continue to) be managed for fuel reduction purposes.

Tree Safety Management Zone

These are strips 1-5 metres wide located along walking tracks/internal roads within the Core

Conservation areas, where limbs/trees may need to be removed for public safety purposes.

Dam Zones

There are five dams across the Reserve; racecourse dam and four smaller dams.

Structure of the EMP: Part 2

Details on each Management Zone and its’ associated management principles are presented over the

following pages, with information regarding:

Brief description

Current land use

Ecological values

Objectives, and

Ecological management principles.

Refer to Map 9 for the location of these zones within the Reserve. The Map outlines the broad perimeters

of these zones with precise perimeters to be determined taking into account on ground conditions.


9

CORE CONSERVATION ZONE 1: THE ROCK AND ITS SURROUNDS (CCZ1)

Description

The largest area with intact remnant bushland vegetation in the Reserve.

The Zone contains the ‘rock formation’ itself, and the slopes and base surrounding the rock. There are three walking

tracks up to, and around the base of the rock (the Summit, Lower Base and Upper Base Walking Tracks).

The rock formation is the dominant landscape feature, and is the prime reason most people visit the Reserve.

The hardstand area, car park and toilet block on the western side of Racecourse Road, at the base of the rock, are not

considered part of the zone.

Currently fuel reduction work (mostly slashing, and some smaller branch and lower tree limb removal) is undertaken

along the western and northern perimeters of the Reserve and along the Lower Base Walking Track.

Tree safety maintenance works are undertaken along the Summit, Lower Base and Upper Base Walking Tracks.

The external perimeter of the zone is currently defined by perimeter fencing around the Reserve. The internal

perimeter of the zone is partially defined by fencing and the Lower Base Walking Track along the southern section of

the Rock/Zone; the fence will require inspection and maintenance, as needed. The eastern internal perimeter is

currently defined by Racecourse Road, a mown strip and a thick patch of Bracken, and bollards at the northern end

near Colwells Road.

Ecological Values

All three levels of bushland vegetation are present – canopy, shrub and ground-storey layers

Vegetation condition varies with areas of excellent quality (greater than 75%) indigenous ground-storey

vegetation cover, to areas with poor quality (less than 25%) indigenous ground-storey vegetation cover.

Three different EVCs are present:

o EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest

o EVC55: Plains Grassy Woodland

o EVC 859: Montane Grassy Woodland / Rocky Outcrop Shrubland / Rocky Outcrop Herbland Mosaic

There is also a Transition Zone, mostly located between the Upper and Lower Base Walking Tracks, on the western

and northern sides of the rock, which is an area of transitional vegetation between EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill

Forest and EVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland.

This zone contains a diversity of habitat values in the bushland vegetation, large old trees, indigenous ground-

storey vegetation, and in the rock formation.

Objectives

To ensure the core conservation areas are primarily managed for their ecological values, and to ensure the

adjacent ‘zones’ where other management principles apply (fuel reduction and tree safety works) are clearly

identified, to minimise the conflict between different management purposes.

To conserve and enhance the vegetation quality and habitat values across the management zone

To maintain existing trail network; and ensure paths and infrastructure integrates with natural values of the area.

To prevent further soil erosion and improve the stability of the ground layer.

To ensure vegetation adjoining the walking tracks does not present a safety risk to visitors.


10

Ecological Management Principles

Vegetation management works should focus on working from the higher indigenous understorey vegetation

cover/quality areas outwards to the lower quality areas (refer to the Indigenous Vegetation Quality Map at the back of

this report)

Protection of vegetation

No native trees, shrubs or ground-storey species should be deliberately removed or destroyed

Lopped or fallen limbs

No tree limbs should be lopped, except along the walking tracks (in the Tree Safety Management Zones)

Any lopped or fallen limbs should be retained in-situ and should not be removed from the zone unless:

o they are in a Fuel Management Zone, in which case they should be placed in the adjacent

Conservation Zones

o they are over a walking track, in which case they should be placed in the adjacent vegetation

o the log densities in the area exceed the benchmark log densities for the relevant EVC (refer to

Appendix 2). In this event the lopped or fallen limbs should be relocated to another part of the

Conservation Zone with lower log densities.

Lopped or fallen limbs that are relocated should be placed:

o in areas with low log densities

o in areas with less than 50% indigenous under storey vegetation cover

When re-placing logs, visual on-ground assessments are required to ensure logs are not

placed over high quality (greater than 50% cover) indigenous ground-storey vegetation

o in a manner that does not inhibit the movement of fire trucks

If the log density for all parts of the Conservation Zone greatly exceeds the EVC log density benchmarks, any

additional fallen or lopped limbs may be stored at the on-site depot, used for on-site mulch, as barriers

around other Management Zones, Tree Conservation Areas (if larger logs), or as firewood for the cafe

Appropriate disposal of stockpiles of green matter at the on-site depot could include mulching, use in the

TCA’s, removal to Council Transfer Stations or burning.

Perimeter

Currently further definition of the perimeter is not required. In future if internal perimeter fencing is required, then

an appropriate fence should be constructed, rather than the use of large logs. Large logs will provide more rabbit

harbour near the Bracken, and access will still be required to the water tanks, hardstand area and carpark/toilet block.

The internal perimeter fence will need to be inspected and maintained as needed.

Mulch and stockpiles

No mulch or other materials are to be stockpiled in the zone

Burning off

No native vegetation or other materials should be burnt within the zone

Weed control

Focus weed control on an annual “weed sweep” in accordance with the appropriate weed species lists (refer to

Appendix 1).

Weeds that are sprayed with herbicide should be left in-situ to break down

The green matter from any woody weeds that are physically removed should be removed to the on-site depot

and stockpiled for later disposal. Later disposal can include removal to Council Transfer Stations or burning.


11

If green matter from woody weeds cannot be removed (due to location, slope, etc), then the surrounding

indigenous ground-storey cover should be considered when placing it

If there are seeds/fruit present, then these should be removed to reduce risk of woody weed seedlings

Planting / revegetation

No planting should occur in areas with greater than 25% indigenous understorey vegetation cover

Any planting in areas with <25% indigenous understorey vegetation cover, needs to be a component of

strategic weed control, monitoring or habitat enhancement, works.

o For example, if there was a patch of woody weeds to be removed, the habitat values of these woody

weeds should be replaced via the planting of EVC appropriate shrub species, that provide similar

habitat values to the woody weeds being removed (ie: prickly woody weeds should be replaced with

prickly indigenous shrubs)

Any planting should be based on the relevant EVC Revegetation Template

Dogs

Designate the zone as “dog free” and install signage at entrances to the Zone (start of Summit Walking Track,

and both ends of Lower Base walking Track) as necessary to notify visitors

Vehicle access

Vehicles should be restricted to the designated tracks unless for occasional maintenance and management

purposes – e.g. to maintain the two water tanks at the bottom of the eastern rock face or to install lighting

infrastructure for major events.

Where possible, vehicles should use existing tracks and avoid making new tracks through established

bushland.

Any new tracks through established bushland should be covered over with dirt and ground litter as

appropriate to avoid re-use.

Upper and Lower Base Walking Track Fuel Management Principles

The Lower Base Walking Track Fuel Management Zone extends from the perimeter fence to the inner edge of

lower base walking track

The zone does not have to be delineated on the ground

Vegetation management includes

o No planting

o Any fallen limbs to be relocated out of the Fuel Management Zone

o Thin shrubs (refer to Appendix 3- Fuel Management Vegetation Modifications Standards)

o Slash understorey to 10cm or less in early Spring and mid to late Summer to allow existing wildflowers to

flower.

o Retain existing trees

o Remove selected lower tree limbs if they could pose a ‘ladder’ risk during fire events

The Upper Base Walking Track which is located in a Tree Safety Management Zone should be maintained in a

manner that permits movement of 4WD vehicles. This requires:

o Removal of vegetation and branches to create an envelope of 3m by 3m.

o Removal of dangerous limbs

o Provision of passing bays at 200m intervals capable of allowing a 4WD vehicle to pass and turn around.

These passing bays should be located and design to minimise impacts on surrounding vegetation.


12

CORE CONSERVATION ZONE 2: RACECOURSE GRASSLAND (CCZ2)

Description

This is the second largest area of intact remnant vegetation within the Reserve. The area is dominated by grassland

vegetation with some scattered mature trees. Ecological values exist in this area as a result of racecourse management

practices and limited public access

The racecourse grassland is located in the middle of the race track, to the north and east of racecourse dam. It is

modified to maintain sight lines across the track for the two annual race meets. The modification of the tree and

shrub layer has resulted in a diverse ground-storey layer.

The grassland provides an aesthetic landscape within the middle of the country race track.

The grassland perimeter is currently defined by the internal race track fencing along its’ western, northern and eastern

edges. The southern edge is partially defined by Racecourse Dam.

Ecological Values

The EVC could not be classified (refer to EMP: Part 1 for discussion). The grassland contains elements of: EVC 23:

Herb-rich Foothill Forest, EVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland, and EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland.

Has two levels of bushland vegetation present- canopy and ground-storey layers

Vegetation condition is considered to be moderate quality (25-50% indigenous ground-storey vegetation cover)

with an indigenous (eucalypt) canopy layer.

Objectives

To maintain or reduce the current weedy/exotic grass levels

To maintain the existing high diversity of indigenous grassland species

To increase the indigenous grassland vegetation cover

To maintain the safe functioning of the race track

To maintain the sight lines across the race track via vegetation modification (shrub removal, sapling removal and

lower branch removal)

To maintain the mature eucalypts and allow limited sapling regeneration


Vegetation management works should focus on working from the higher indigenous understorey vegetation

cover/quality areas outwards to the lower quality areas (refer to the Indigenous Vegetation Quality Map at the back of

this report)


No native trees, shrubs or ground-storey species should be deliberately removed or destroyed, other than removal

of saplings as required to maintain sight lines. Allow approximately 1% – 2% sapling regeneration annually.

Weed Control

Undertake weed control in accordance with the recommendations in Appendix 1 of this EMP


13

Grassland Management Plan

Prepare a Grassland Management Plan that includes:

o A burn plan for ecological burns. This may include strip burning depending on whether strip burning can

be achieved safely without risking escaped embers.

o A monitoring plan, with: monitoring plots, photo points and flora surveys to help establish the

effectiveness of different grassland management techniques, ie: grazing versus grazing exclusion

(kangaroos), burning versus hand weeding and spot spraying, and/or slashing and spot spraying of exotic

keystone grasses to reduce their cover.

o Measures to achieve the key controls listed in the Hanging Rock Fire Management Plan 2015.

Only commence intensive grassland management if there is the on-going commitment to continue the works.

Starting then ceasing grassland management works can have more detrimental impacts than just continuing

management ‘as is’

Perimeter

Some large logs should be installed at the south-eastern end in-line with the southern edge of Racecourse Dam to

define the edge between the Racecourse Grassland and the adjacent Recreation Zone/cricket oval.

Large log barriers may also be required at the south-west side of Racecourse Dam, to also define the edge

between Racecourse Grassland and the adjacent Recreation Zone/cricket facilities.

When defining the perimeter, the following should be noted:

o Use large logs/bollards/rocks as appropriate/available

o It may take several years to define the extent (as limited by supply of large limbs and other resources)

o Only areas with less than 25% indigenous ground-storey vegetation should have logs/fencing installed on

top of them

Burning off

No stockpiles should be burnt within the zone

Mulch and Stockpiles


Planting/Revegetation

Do not install any trees and/or shrubs in grassland

Do not install any ground-storey plants, unless as a component of a strategic grassland management plan

Dogs

Designate the zone as “dog free” and install signage as necessary to notify visitors (at entrances along western

edge of race track and at southern end of racecourse dam)

Lopped or Fallen Limbs

Continue removal of lower limbs as required to maintain sight lines

All removed limbs with a diameter at breast height (dbh) less than 30cm, should be removed from the grassland

and stockpiled in depot/works yard for later disposal

All removed limbs with a circumference greater than 30cm, should be retained within the grassland and placed in

areas with less than 25% indigenous understorey vegetation cover

Trees/limbs that naturally fall should be removed or remain in-situ based on the 30cmdbh principle

Natural Regeneration

Allow limited (1%-2% annually) sapling regeneration, dependent on existing saplings/tree cover.


14

REMNANT TREES CONSERVATION ZONE 1: NORTH OF RACE TRACK (RTC1)

Description

This area comprises the strip of vegetation that is a buffer between the northern end of the race track and Colwells

Road. A continuation of the Lower Base Walking Track traverses the area and then extends along the eastern side of

the race track.

This area contains a strip of remnant canopy trees and shrubs. The ground-storey is dominated by exotic

grasses/herbaceous species.

Currently fuel reduction is undertaken along the northern perimeter of the Reserve, including along the Colwells

Road perimeter fence.

Tree safety maintenance works are undertaken along the walking track and above the northern end of the race track

The perimeter of RTCZ1 is currently defined by fencing to the west and north, the race track to the south and the

East Paddock fence to the east.

Ecological Values

Has two levels of bushland vegetation present- canopy and shrub layers

The ground-storey is dominated by exotic grasses/herbaceous species

One EVC is present: EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest

Objectives

To enhance the vegetation quality and habitat values across of the management zone, including through a

reduction in any woody weeds and increases in indigenous vegetation cover.

To ensure vegetation above the walking track does not present a safety risk to visitors.

To ensure vegetation above northern end of race track does not compromise the safe operations of the track.


Protection of Vegetation


Weed Control

Management of the weed dominated ground-storey should focus on eliminating noxious or invasive weeds

(such as Thistles), and reducing the biomass in the fire risk season

Lopped of Fallen Limbs

No tree limbs are to be lopped, except along/above the walking track and for the 2m of the Zone adjacent

to the race track (Tree Safety Management Zones)


o They are in a Fuel Management Zone, in which case they should be placed in the adjacent

Conservation Zone

o They are over a walking track, in which case they should be placed in the adjacent vegetation

o The log densities in the area exceed the benchmark log densities for the relevant EVC (refer to




15

Once the log density for all parts of the Conservation Zone exceeds the EVC benchmarks, any additional

fallen or lopped limbs may be stored at the on-site depot, and used for on-site fire wood or mulch

Appropriate disposal of stockpiles of green matter at the on-site depot could include mulching, use in the

TCA’s, removal to Council Transfer Stations or burning.




Perimeter

No further fencing is required.

Existing fences should be inspected and maintained on a regular basis.

Burning off


Weed control

Management of the weed dominated ground-storey will focus on eliminating noxious or invasive weeds


Focus weed control on an annual “weed sweep” in accordance with the appropriate weed species lists (refer

to Appendix 1).


The green matter from any woody weeds that are physically removed should be removed to the on-site

depot and stockpiled for later disposal, such as removal to Council Transfer Stations or burning.


Planting can occur within the Zone to increase habitat values, particularly shrub and ground-storey

Any planting should be based on the relevant EVC Revegetation Template in terms of species selection and

densities



Fuel Management Works

Vegetation management for the perimeter Fuel Management Zone should include (refer to Appendix 3):

o No planting

o Relocation of any fallen limbs out of the Fuel Management Zone and placement in the adjoining

conservation areas (see “Lopped and Fallen Limbs” above); such as areas with less than 25%

indigenous ground storey vegetation cover, or around the perimeter of nearby TCAs.

o Thin shrubs

o Retention of existing trees

o Slashing of ground-storey along Colwells Road perimeter fence during the Fire Danger Season

Dogs

Designate the zone as “dog on lead”

Other

On-going occasional vehicle access will be required along the walking track for fuel reduction management

and race track maintenance works


16

REMNANT TREES CONSERVATION ZONE 2: SOUTH-WEST CORNER OF THE RESERVE (RTC2)

Description

This area is currently unmown and is not utilised for recreational activities or events, mainly due to its restricted

access. It is ‘hidden’ in the corner of the Reserve, with limited access available across the creek or behind Dam

2/the tennis club.

The area contains remnant canopy trees and shrubs. The ground-storey is dominated by exotic

grasses/herbaceous species.

Currently fuel reduction is undertaken along the western and southern perimeters of the Reserve.

Mown management tracks are maintained along the creek and around the perimeter of the Reserve.

The area is heavily utilised by kangaroos during the day, as it is rarely used by visitors.

The perimeter of RTCZ2 is currently defined by the Reserve perimeter fence to the south and west, by Smokers

Creek to the north, and by Dam 3 and Recreation Zones (including the tennis club) to the east.

Ecological Values

Has all two levels of bushland vegetation present- canopy and shrub layers


One EVC is present: EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland

Objectives

To enhance the vegetation quality and habitat values across of the management zone, including through the

reduction in woody weeds and increases in indigenous vegetation cover.

To maintain the existing mown management track and ensure adjoining and overhanging vegetation does not

compromise its safety

To maintain the existing Fuel Management Zone along the Reserve’s southern and western perimeter fences





No tree limbs should be lopped, except along the walking tracks (in the Tree Safety Management Zones)

for safety purposes or up to a height of 4.5 metres for a distance of 30m from the reserve’s boundary

fence (see Fuel Management Works below).


o they are in a Fuel Management Zone, in which case they should be placed in the adjacent

Conservation Zones

o they are over a walking track, in which case they should be placed in the adjacent vegetation

o the log densities in the area exceed the benchmark log densities for the relevant EVC (refer to




17




If the log density for all parts of the Conservation Zone greatly exceeds the EVC log density benchmarks,

any additional fallen or lopped limbs may be used for on-site mulch, as barriers around other

Management Zones, Tree Conservation Areas (if larger logs), or as firewood for the cafe



Perimeter

The only perimeter that needs defining is the eastern edge to the north and south of Dam 3.

Vehicle access will still be required along the grassy mown/slashed vehicle tracks.

When defining the eastern perimeter, the following should be noted:


o It may take several years to define the extent (due to supply of large limbs and other resources)

o Only areas with less than 25% indigenous ground-storey vegetation should have logs/fencing

installed on top of them

Burning off


Weed control

Management of the weed dominated ground-storey will focus on eliminating noxious or invasive weeds


Focus weed control on an annual “weed sweep” in accordance with the appropriate weed species lists

(refer to Appendix 1).



depot and stockpiled for later disposal. Later disposal can include removal to Council Transfer Stations or

burning.


Planting can occur within the Zone to increase habitat values, particularly shrub and ground-storey

revegetation

Any planting should be based on the relevant EVC Revegetation Template in terms of species selection

and densities

Fuel Management Works

Vegetation management for the perimeter Fuel Management Zone should include (refer to Appendix 3-

Fuel Management Vegetation Modifications Standards):

o No planting

o Relocation of any fallen limbs out of the Fuel Management Zone

o Thin shrubs


o Seasonal slashing of ground-storey along perimeter fence during the Fire Danger Season


18

Vegetation management parallel to the reserve’s boundary fence for a distance of 30 metres should

include:

o Keeping these areas sufficiently open to allow for the movement of a “Heavy Tanker”. This does

not require a “formal” track but does require limbs to a height of 4.5m from the ground to be

removed.

Dogs

Designate the zone as “dog on lead ”

Grassy Track Maintenance

On-going occasional vehicle access maybe required along the existing mown/slashed tracks for

maintenance purposes

Tracks should be mown/slashed to maintain them, as required

No ground-storey revegetation/planting should occur within one metre of tracks

No planting of trees/shrubs should occur within three metres of tracks

Any lopped/fallen limbs should be removed from tracks


19

REMNANT TREES CONSERVATION ZONE 3: DAM 1 SURROUNDS (RTCZ 3)

Description

This area was once grazed and has been revegetated. There are still some mature remnant eucalypts present amongst

the planted eucalypts.

The zone is mostly unused and is located around Dam 1, and adjacent to the southern portion of the East Paddock

(RTCZ3 does not include the south-east portion of the East Paddock). Most of the zone is located south of Smokers

Creek, although there is also a thin strip of vegetation to the north of Smokers Creek and to the south of the racecourse.

A walking track and internal access road are located through this area. The internal road is dirt/gravel; whilst the

walking track is mown (this track is not shown on the Management Zones map).

Tree safety maintenance works are undertaken along the road and walking track.

The perimeter of RTCZ3 is currently defined by the management track to the north, the fence between RTCZ3 and the

East Paddock to the east, a small section of the Reserve perimeter fence to the south, and nothing to the south-west.

Ecological Values

Has two levels of bushland vegetation present- canopy and shrub layers


One EVC is present: EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland

Objectives


reduction of any woody weeds and increases in indigenous vegetation cover.

To maintain the existing mown walking / management track and ensure adjoining and overhanging vegetation does

not compromise its safety.

To maintain safe access along the dirt/gravel internal road, to provides access from the west to eastern areas of the

Reserve.



No native trees, shrubs or ground-storey species should be deliberately removed or destroyed.

Weed Control

Management of the weed dominated ground-storey will focus on eliminating noxious or invasive weeds (such as

Thistles), and reducing the biomass in the fire risk season.

Focus weed control on a “weed sweep” in accordance with appropriate weed species lists (see Appendix 1).

Weeds that are sprayed with herbicide should be left in-situ to break down.




No tree limbs are to be lopped, except along the walking track and internal road for safety purposes.


20


o They are in a Fuel Reduction Zone, in which case they should be placed in the adjacent Conservation Zones


o The log densities in the area exceed the benchmark log densities for the relevant EVC (refer to Appendix 2).

In this event the lopped or fallen limbs should be relocated to another part of the Conservation Zone with

lower log densities.

Once the log density for all parts of the Conservation Zone exceeds the EVC benchmarks, any additional fallen or

lopped limbs may be used for on-site fire wood or mulch.




Perimeter

The only perimeter that needs defining is the south-west edge, on either side of Dam 1.

Vehicle access will still be required along the grassy mown/slashed vehicle tracks.

When defining the south west perimeter, the following should be noted:


o It may take several years to define the extent (as limited by the supply of large limbs and other resources)

o Only areas with less than 25% indigenous ground-storey vegetation should have logs/fencing installed

Existing Fence between RTCZ3 and the East Paddock RTCZ4

In the longer term the existing fence between RTCZ3 and RTCZ4 may be removed. This was the original Reserve

perimeter fence before Council acquired the East Paddock. As both these areas are in a Conservation Zone, no

fencing/barrier will be needed to replace this fence for environmental management purposes.




Planting can occur in the Zone to increase habitat values, particularly shrub and ground-storey re-vegetation

Any planting should be based on the relevant EVC Revegetation Template in terms of species selection and planting

densities

Fuel Reduction Management


o No planting


o Thin shrubs


Burning off


Dogs

Designate the zone as “dog free”


21

REMNANT TREES CONSERVATION ZONE 4: SOUTHERN END OF EAST PADDOCK (RTCZ4)

Description

The area is low lying and can become waterlogged in winter. Consequently, the area is not used for recreational

activities or major events. The area has been extensively revegetated along the creek, and there is also some natural

regeneration of riparian species occurring.

The area is heavily utilised by kangaroos during the day as it is rarely utilised by visitors.

There are some soil piles in the area.

An internal road extends through the area which is rarely used.

The on-site depot will be located at the northern end of this Zone, in a disturbed area that currently contains soil and

gravel piles.

The perimeter of RTCZ4 is currently defined by the Reserve perimeter fence to the south and east, by the original

Reserve perimeter fence between RTCZ3 and RTCZ4, and by fencing between RTCZ4 and the Recreation

Zone/remainder of the East Paddock to the north.

Ecological Values

Has two levels of mostly planted vegetation present- canopy and shrub layers

There are some very scattered indigenous riparian ground-storey species along the creek


The area is likely to have formed part of EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland prior to European settlement, as it is

located along Smokers Creek with similar site conditions to the other sections of Smokers Creek (which have been

classified as EVC 83)

Contains safe daytime harbour for the kangaroos

Objectives


reduction in any woody weeds and increases in indigenous vegetation cover

To maintain the open/non treed areas which are a refuge for kangaroos during major events

To maintain the internal road for site entry/exit purposes when required.

To provide for the ongoing operations of an on-site works depot.




Weed Control

Management of the weed dominated ground-storey will focus on eliminating noxious or invasive weeds (such as

Thistles), and reducing the biomass in the fire risk season


Appendix 1).


22


The green matter from any woody weeds that are physically removed should be removed to on-site depot and

stockpiled for later disposal, including removal to Council Transfer Stations or burning.


No tree limbs are to be lopped, except along the internal road if required for safety purposes


o They are in a Fuel Management Zone, in which case they should be placed in the adjacent Conservation

Zones


o The log densities in the area greatly exceed the benchmark log densities for the relevant EVC (refer to



Once the log density for all parts of the Conservation Zone exceeds the EVC benchmarks, any additional fallen or

lopped limbs may be used for on-site fire wood or mulch





No mulch or other materials are to be stockpiled in the zone (other than in the on-site works depot)

Open Grass Areas (Kangaroo Safe Harbour)

Maintain the open areas with no revegetation works and slash these to encourage kangaroo grazing.

Do not place habitat logs (fallen or lopped limbs) in the open grassed areas

Perimeter

A perimeter fence will be installed around the on-site depot when it is constructed adjacent to RTCZ4.

The existing fences will need to be inspected and maintained as required.


Any future planting in this zone should be strategic and not impede on the kangaroo safe harbour open areas.

Any planting to be based on relevant EVC Revegetation Template for species selection and planting densities

Trees/shrubs should not be installed within three metres (3m) of crossing points/the internal road. Ground-storey

species should only be installed next to crossing points

Fuel Management


o No planting


o Thin shrubs


o Slashing of open grass areas to a height of no more than 100mm.

Burning off

No native vegetation or other materials should be burnt within the zone (other than in on-site depot)

Dogs



23

SMOKERS CREEK CONSERVATION ZONE (SCCZ)

Description

The zone applies along the length of Smokers Creek and its’ tributaries. The width of this Zone alters depending on

the adjacent Management Zones and where it is located within the Reserve. The width of the Zone is mostly 15

metres on either side of Smokers Creek. It is narrower in high use recreational areas to the south of the Rock/along

Racecourse Road, and where there are adjacent existing internal roads.

Smokers Creek extends from east to west along the southern part of the reserve. The creek corridor has been the

focus of woody weed removal and habitat restoration works since 2011. Previous indigenous tree plantings have

been undertaken along the Creek in the southern section of the East Paddock and to the south-east of Dam 1.

In some areas the lawn extends to within a few metres of the Creek. Currently visitors can picnic or park during

major events on these lawn areas.

The area south of the car park has been landscaped with a dam/pond (Dam 2).

Water is pumped from the creek in spring (when/only if it is running) to fill Racecourse Dam.

Ecological Values

EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland is located along the length of the creek and its tributary

Has two levels of bushland vegetation present- canopy trees and some scattered shrubs


Objectives

To enhance the habitat values of the corridor which contributes to the biolink between the Macedon Ranges and

the Cobaws

To restore the riparian creekside vegetation: for faunal/habitat values and as a ‘filter’ for surface run-off.

To maintain some recreational access to the creek where it is adjacent to the main picnic areas


Vegetation Protection

All existing remnant native trees and shrubs within the Zone should be retained.

Protect the patch of Black Gums in the East Paddock, near the bend in the internal road.

Perimeter

Define the perimeter of the Zone in areas of the Reserve where it is adjacent to the Recreation Zone with

bollards, fencing, large rocks and/or large limbs noting the following: It may take several years to define the

extent (as limited by the supply of large limbs and other resources)

The extent of the Zone does not need to be defined when it is adjacent to the Conservation Zones (RTCZ2,

RTCZ3 and RTCZ4)

The width of the Zone is limited by existing infrastructure (internal roads and tracks) in some areas of the

Reserve

Some access points (in mown areas with no trees) to the creek will be maintained in the picnic grounds/where

the this zone is adjacent to the Recreation Zone


24

Revegetation/Planting

Continue habitat planting works taking into account the following:

o Species should be selected from the Revegetation Templates for EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland

o Install minimal trees, some shrubs and mostly hardy ground-storey species in accordance with the

EVC’s planting densities (refer to the EVC planting templates when they have been prepared)

Install interpretative signage to provide information on the purpose of the revegetation and restoration works

Trees/shrubs should not be installed within three metres (3m) of crossing points. Ground-storey species

should only be installed next to crossing points

Crossing points (vehicle and pedestrian) should not be revegetated with trees and/or shrubs

Spraying of Herbicide along Creek Banks

Herbicide should not be used within three metres of the creek banks for aesthetic or weed control purposes

Weed control

Undertake regular weed control works, to control woody/noxious weeds and any emerging invasive weeds in

accordance with Appendix 1.

As the weeds to be controlled are limited, weeds should be hand pulled, or their stem cut and painted within

three metres of the creek banks

Outside of this three metre zone, frog friendly herbicide should be used in a limited extent only typically

Riparian Zones have higher weed levels due to moisture and debris from any high rainfall or flooding events




burning.

Lopped and fallen limbs

Limb/tree assessments and lopping for safety purposes should be limited to the areas of the Zone that are

adjacent to the Recreation Zone only or internal roads/walking tracks

Limb lopping is not to be undertaken in areas of the Zone that are adjacent to the Conservation Zones, and

there are no internal roads/tracks

Any lopped/fallen limbs or trees are to remain in the Zone unless the log densities in the area exceed the

benchmark log densities for the relevant EVC (refer to Appendix 2)). In this event the lopped or fallen limbs

should be relocated to another part of the Conservation Zone with lower log densities.

If tree limbs falls across an internal road/track, they should be moved off the track/road into the Zone. Care

should be taken with adjacent vegetation when removing fallen/lopped limbs

If the log densities in the area exceed the benchmark log densities for the relevant EVC (refer to Appendix 2),

then lopped or fallen limbs should be relocated to another part of the Conservation Zone with lower log

densities.







25

Burning off


Dogs


Other

Pedestrian access will be maintained to the creek for recreation purposes in the main Recreation Zones within

the Reserve (particularly in the picnic areas to the west and east of Racecourse Road).


26

RECREATION ZONES (RZ1)

Description

This Zone comprises the mown area of the reserve and the specific recreational facilities such as the race track, the

cricket club and oval, the petanque / picnic shelter, the tennis club and courts, and all constructed car parking.

The mown areas of the reserve are used for a range of recreational purposes including picnicking, events such as the

craft market, classic car display, film night, camp out, concerts and Hanging Rock Races. The mown areas are also

used for car parking associated with these events.

Single and groups of remnant eucalypts are scattered across the zone, creating a parkland landscape.

Trees within the high use mown areas are assessed for their safety and managed as required.

Ecological Values

Numerous single trees and patches of eucalypts are scattered across the zone, creating a parkland landscape.

The ground-storey is dominated by exotic grasses / herbaceous species.

There are some revegetation / planting beds that contain indigenous and native planted species.

Kangaroos graze across the Zone, attracted by the short and well irrigated grass.

Two EVCs occur in the Zone:

o EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest across the northern end of the Zone

o EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland across the southern end of the Zone

Objectives

To continue to facilitate recreation activities and events.

To ensure trees with public access beneath their canopies do not present a safety risk to the public.

To protect and enhance the existing habitat values within the zone.



No native trees, or shrubs should be deliberately removed or destroyed, except if deemed a public safety risk

after an arborist assessment

Maintenance Works

Continue mowing and general maintenance within the Zone

Limb/Tree Management and Public Safety

Continue the current practice of arborist assessments and tree/limb lopping/removal as required

Instigate faunal inspection of any trees/limbs to be removed prior to removal

If there are signs of faunal presence, safe faunal removal and relocation procedures will need to be undertaken

Lopped and naturally fallen limbs/trees are to be relocated and stockpiled in the on-site depot, or utilised

elsewhere (as habitat, or to define the perimeter of the Conservation Zones or Tree Conservation Areas).


27

Lopped limbs/trees should be disposed of appropriately; mulched, used for firewood within the site, etc; if the

branches cannot be re-used.

Some trees within the Zone will occur within Tree Conservation Areas, whilst the remainder will be located within

the general Recreation Zone.

Public Safety and Infrastructure

Picnic tables and other public facilities should not be located under trees.

Any existing picnic tables and other public facilities located under trees should be relocated as resources and

opportunity allows.

Tree Conservation Areas

Refer to separate management principles for TCAs.

Mulching under Trees

Mulch should gradually be spread under selected trees in this Zone

o Indigenous mulch only should be used

o Mulch will be spread for a few metres or out to the drip-line depending on the surrounding

landscape/infrastructure (ie: adjacent internal roads/walking tracks), and location within the Reserve.

The extent of mulch will be different for every tree.


No mulch or other materials are to be stockpiled in the zone.

Defendable Space around Public Buildings

No future plantings are to be installed in the defendable spaces around the public buildings: the depot and

racecourse clubrooms, the tennis clubhouse and the café/visitor centre.

Burning off

No native vegetation or other materials should be burnt within the zone.

Weed control


Appendix 1), which will be noxious and/or invasive weeds within the mown lawn areas.




burning.

Dogs

Dogs on lead are allowed within the Recreation Zone


Any planting within the zone will be limited to shrub and/or hardy ground-storey species in the Tree

Conservation Areas (refer to TCA discussion)

Any planting should be based on the relevant EVC Revegetation Template


28

RECREATION ZONES: TREE CONSERVATION AREAS (RZ2)

Description

There are many mature remnant eucalypts scattered across the Recreation Zone, and groups of younger regenerating

eucalypts. There are also some revegetation/planting beds that contain indigenous and native planted species.

These trees and shrubs provide important habitat.

In the Recreation Zones, selected groups of trees and/or mature single trees will be managed within Tree

Conservation Areas (TCAs); that will be implemented across several years.

TCAs will be implemented to alter the current management practices around some mature single and groups of

trees, to increase their habitat values. The perimeter of the TCAs will be defined (via on-ground markers such as

large limbs or bollards) and fallen/lopped limbs will be retained within the TCAs.

The area within TCAs will be mulched, and some indigenous understorey plantings may be installed if appropriate.

Some areas have been identified for implementation in the next few years. Once these TCAs have been

implemented, further TCAs may be implemented depending on a range of factors including the location of the

trees/groups of trees, current management practices and the resources available.

Trees with branches overhanging the adjacent Recreation Zones will still be assessed and managed for limb safety,

as required

Ecological Values

These trees provide habitat for a range of species including birds, bats and arboreal mammals. The results of the

two bat surveys undertaken in 2008 and 2010 indicate the Reserve is well utilised by numerous tree hollow

dependent bat species. It is likely they roost throughout the Reserve

Two EVCs occur in the Zone:

o EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest across the northern end of the Zone

o EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland across the southern end of the Zone


Objectives

To protect the health of single and / or groups of trees within the Recreation Zones that have important habitat

and ecological values

To provide areas within the Recreation Zone where natural regeneration of the mature eucalypts can occur (i.e.as

the mowing regimes in the TCAs will cease).




Implementation of the TCAs

The implementation of the currently defined TCAs will be staged over several years

Further TCAs may be defined in the future depending on resources and suitability


29

Perimeters of the TCAs

The perimeter of the TCAs will be determined on-the-ground based on site conditions such as existing

roads/tracks and proximity to recreational facilities for each tree/group of trees

The perimeter of the TCAs will be defined using bollards, fencing, large rocks or large limbs/branches

Mulching and Planting of the TCAs

Once the perimeter of the TCA around tree/s has been defined a combination of the following mulching and

planting principles can be implemented:

o Application of indigenous mulch (as mowing will cease)

o Planting of indigenous trees, shrubs and ground-storey species as appropriate to the relevant EVC to

discourage access in TCAs, and to increase habitat values. As a guideline, plant one shrub every 2-3

metres squared (depending on area of each zone), and 2-4 ground-storey species per metre squared

would be an appropriate density to be planted in most TCAs.

Weed Control

Weed control will be required in the TCAs

The focus will be on noxious/invasive species


Appendix 1).




burning.

Limb/Tree Management and Public Safety around the TCAs

Any limbs within TCAs that overhang the Recreation Zones will still be assessed and managed for safety

purposes.

Instigate faunal inspection of any trees/limbs to be removed prior to removal. If there are signs of faunal presence,

safe faunal removal and relocation procedures will need to be undertaken.

Limbs within the TCAs, that don’t overhang the Recreation Zones, generally won’t be assessed and managed for

safety purposes if any potential limb drop will wholly fall within the TCA

If access to pre-existing facilities is still required in a particular TCA, then limbs will still be assessed and/or

lopped if required

Any naturally fallen/lopped limbs will be retained within the TCAs.

Larger suitable limbs may be utilised to define the perimeters of TCAs.

Lopped and naturally fallen limbs/trees outside the TCAs are to be relocated and stockpiled in the on-site depot,

or utilised elsewhere (as habitat, or to define the perimeter of the Conservation Zones or Tree Conservation

Areas).

Lopped limbs/trees should be disposed of appropriately; mulched, used for firewood within the site, etc; if the

branches cannot be re-used.

Public Infrastructure

Any picnic furniture or other facilities located underneath trees in the TCAs should be relocated over time

No future facilities are to be located in the TCAs.


30

Access into the TCAs

Some access for management purposes will still be required into some TCAs – e.g. to provide access for pre-

existing infrastructure such as the loading ramp to the north of the race track

Stockpiles

No mulch or other materials are to be stockpiled in the TCAs

Burning off

No native vegetation or other materials should be burnt within the TCAs

Dogs

Designate TCAs as “dog free”. The surrounding recreation zones are “dogs on lead”. Given that the TCAs should

be designed to prevent access by visitors, dogs will not have the opportunity to enter the TCAs,


31

FUEL MANAGEMENT ZONES (FMZ)

Description

These Zones apply around the perimeter of the Reserve, along the main walking tracks and internal road network.

Currently the majority of the Reserve is maintained to the standards that were outlined in the previous Draft Hanging

Rock Reserve Fire Management Plan (2008). The prime purpose of the Fuel Management Zones is to ensure that

these areas are clearly defined, so that other management activities which increase fuel loads, such as revegetation,

do not occur within the Zone.

An updated Fire Management Plan was prepared in 2015 which is guided by the following broad fire management

objectives:

Prevent a fire entering the reserve, regardless of where the fire approaches from.

Contain the fire to the reserve in the event that a fire starts on it.

Ecological Values

There are some remnant trees and shrubs in the Zone.

Around the perimeter of the Reserve, in the Fuel Management Zones, there is less than 25% indigenous ground-

storey vegetation cover.

Objectives

To facilitate the movement of fire-fighting vehicles and equipment as quickly as possible.

To limit the potential for a small (local) fire moving between the adjoining roadsides / private property and the

Reserve by managing fuel loads around the perimeter of the site and around adjoining dwellings.



The emphasis of native vegetation management in fuel reduced zones is on vegetation modification rather than

removal or destroying it.

Whilst some native trees, shrubs or ground-storey species may be modified to achieve the Vegetation

Modification Standards (refer to Appendix 3), no native trees, shrubs or ground-storey species will be

deliberately removed or destroyed.

Vegetation Modification Standards

Any limbs lying on-the-ground less than 20cm in diameter should be removed out of the zone

These limbs should be stockpiled in the on-site depot and either mulched, or ‘disposed of’ by burning or

removal to a Council Transfer Station

The ground-storey should be slashed (and maintained) to less than 10cm high in the Fire Danger season

Shrubs should be separated by 2-3 metres or maintained in clumps that are separated by 10 metres

Regeneration of eucalypts and other canopy species should be monitored and some thinning may be required if

there is dense regeneration of seedlings


32

Current plantings may need to be thinned in future, if they form dense growth at maturity.

Planning permits may be required for vegetation removal undertaken for fuel management purposes.

Larger logs (greater than 20cm diameter) can be retained as habitat, however these can impede safe movement

of brushcutters and personnel involved in fuel reduction works, as well as the movement of fire response

vehicles, so they may have to be removed for OH&S purposes

Larger logs removed for safety purposes should be relocated to other areas within the adjacent Conservation

Zones, in areas with a cover of less than 50% indigenous ground-storey vegetation

Small twigs/branches, and lower tree limbs may be removed, as appropriate, to reduce the possibility of ‘ladder’

effects under mature trees during a fire scenario

Revegetation/Planting

No planting/revegetation to be undertaken in this zone


No mulch is to be spread in this zone

No logs, mulch or other green matter are to be stockpiled in this zone

Defining the Extent of the Zone across the Reserve:

For on-the-ground definition, the zones locations are defined by:

Perimeter of Reserve (5 metres wide)

o along perimeter of Reserve for entire East Paddock,

o along South Rock Road,

o along Straws Lane, and

o In the south-west corner of the Reserve (behind the tennis court, Smokers Creek and picnic areas).

Perimeter of Reserve: the Rock and its Surrounds Conservation Zone (CCZ1), and north of the racecourse

(RTCZ1):

o Width will vary according to position of lower base walking track

o Zone extends to the inner edge of the ‘lower’ base walking track

o Along internal roads (one metre wide on either side of road)

o Does not apply to Racecourse Road as it is already 6m wide

o Along ‘upper’ base walking track (one metre wide on either side of existing track)

In the future, some vegetation may need to be fuel modified, if a Planning/Building Permit is sort to extend/re-build

any public buildings located within the Reserve

Weed control

Focus weed control on annual “weed sweep” in accordance with appropriate weed species lists (Appendix 1).



depot and stockpiled for later disposal, including burning or removal to a Council Transfer Station

Dogs

Dogs are allowed on lead in the zone if adjacent to the Recreation Zone

As no dogs are allowed in the Core Conservation Zones (CCZ1 and CCZ2), they won’t be able to access the

Fuel Management Zones adjacent to the Core Conservation Zones

Vehicle Access

On-going occasional vehicle access will be required to all areas of these zones for fire-fighting purposes


33

TREE SAFETY MANAGEMENT ZONES (TSMZ)

Description

This Zone comprises the high use walking and vehicle access tracks within the Conservation Zones. Current tree

safety management practices (arboricultural inspections and limb lopping as required) are required over these

paths and tracks.

There are management conflicts between tree management works, and habitat loss and potential wildlife

injuries/deaths, so defining the extent of these Zones will reduce the risks, along with implementing pre-

limb/tree zoological assessments and fauna management practices.

Ecological Values

There are existing remnant trees, shrubs and ground-storey vegetation adjoining the walking paths and

vehicle access tracks that comprise this Zone. This vegetation sometimes overhangs or obstructs access to the

walking paths and tracks which provide habitat for bats, birds and other arboreal mammals.

Objectives

To ensure high use roads and walking paths are safe from potentially falling limbs. To minimise habitat and

fauna loss as a result of limb lopping works for safety purposes.


The following principles apply to the Tree Safety Management Zones adjacent to the Conservation Zones, and

within the Recreation Zones and Tree Conservation Areas


The emphasis of native vegetation management in the Tree Safety Management Zones is only on limb/tree

removal if required for public safety. These works should not impact on indigenous shrubs or ground-storey

species.

No native trees, shrubs or ground-storey species will be deliberately removed or destroyed, unless

arboriculturally assessed and deemed to be a public safety risk.

Arborist Assessments- Locations

Continue current practice of annual arborist assessments and tree/limb lopping/removal as required

Fauna Management and Limb Removal

Conduct faunal inspection of any trees/limbs to be removed prior to removal

Loud noise should be made to scare fauna prior to limb removal works.

Pruning techniques that provide habitat should be utilised.

All non-urgent limb lopping should be timed during the warmer months when fauna is most active. Only

urgent limb removal works should be undertaken during the cooler months

If there are signs of faunal presence, safe faunal removal and relocation procedures will need to be

undertaken. Tree/limb may need to be removed with a zoologist present.


34

Re-location of Lopped Limbs/Trees

Limbs/trees removed from the TSMZs, should be re-located for use elsewhere as practicable

o Lopped limbs/trees should be placed in the adjacent Conservation Zones for habitat, unless log

densities are exceeded, or they are appropriate for use as barriers to define the perimeters of

Conservation Zones

o If they are not appropriate for use in the adjacent Conservation Zones, they need to be relocated

and stockpiled in an on-site depot, for later use elsewhere

o Lopped limbs in Recreation Zones should be used a barriers for the Tree Conservation Areas, or

stockpiled in the on-site depot, for later use elsewhere

o Smaller lopped limbs/trees should be disposed of appropriately; mulched, used for firewood

within the site, etc; if the branches cannot be re-used

When re-locating lopped limbs/trees, the following factors should be considered:

o Log densities in the re-location areas should be considered, if they exceed the benchmark log

densities for the relevant EVC (refer to Appendix 2), they should only be re-located to areas with

lower log densities.




o When re-placing logs, visual on-ground assessments are required to ensure logs are not placed

over high quality (greater than 50% cover) indigenous ground-storey vegetation

o in a manner that does not inhibit the movement of fire trucks/management vehicles

Public Infrastructure

Picnic tables and other public facilities should not be located under trees in this zone/Recreation Zones, as

this adds to the need for potential limb lopping/removal for public safety purposes.

Any existing picnic tables and other public facilities located under trees in this zone should be relocated



Burning off


Weed control

Weed control works should follow the ecological management principles for the Zone to which they are

adjacent to, for example:

o TSMZs adjacent to the Rock and its’ Surrounds Conservation Zone (CCZ1), should follow the weed

control principles for CCZ1

o The same applies for the TSMZs adjacent to the Recreation Zone, RTCZ1 and RTCZ3


Appendix 1).





35


No planting should occur in any TSMZs, as it could lead to later management issues.

Dogs

The dog status: ‘dog free’ or ‘dogs on leads only’ will be according to the adjacent zones

o Dog free for TSMZs adjacent to Conservation Zones

o Dogs on lead for TSMZs adjacent to Recreation Zones

Other

On-going occasional vehicle access will be required along the walking tracks adjacent to the TSMZs for

maintenance purposes.


36

DAM ZONES

Description

There are five dams within the Reserve, most of which have water storage and/or ornamental functions. These dams

also provide habitat and are a water source for fauna within the Reserve. The dams are the main water source for

the Reserve.

Racecourse dam is filled in spring with water pumped from Smokers Creek (only when it is flowing). The race track

is then watered in spring and summer so it is green (and safe) for the January races. Additional water is utilised to

water the East Paddock for the concerts. Frequently the dam is very low to empty by the end of summer.

The three smaller dams near Smokers Creek were created as small water storages.

Racecourse dam is located in the middle of the race track. There are three smaller dams in the south of the Reserve

along/adjacent to Smokers Creek, and a fifth dam located in the East Paddock.

o Dam 1 is located to the south of the race track amongst RTCZ3.

o Dam 2 is south of the car park; to the east of Racecourse Road.

o Dam 3 is to the north of the tennis club, and to the south of Smokers Creek/the main picnic area.

o Dam 4 is in the north-west corner of the East Paddock and was constructed when the land was used for

grazing. Generally it is only full in winter and during wet periods (G Bigolin pers comm.).

Dams 1 and 3 have a high cover of Cumbungi around their perimeter. Dam 2 is being revegetated by NDLG. There

is a small island in both Dams 1 and 2.

Zone extends for two to five metres around each dam, depending on adjacent vegetation, including the riparian zone

Ecological Values

All dams provide water for fauna within the Reserve

The fringes of the dams provide habitat for wetland birds

Four threatened wetland bird species have been recorded at Racecourse Dam

A Goshawk frequently utilises the vegetation surrounding Dam 1 for nesting (G Bigolin pers comm.).

Dam 4 has a high cover and diversity of indigenous wetland plants.

Objectives

To manage Racecourse Dam as a water source for use on the race track and in the East Paddock and as a fishing

location, whilst ensuring its habitat values are considered in any future management considerations with regard

to storage capacity.

To manage Dams 1 to 4 for both faunal water use, and wetland habitat values.

To ensure the existing water quality within each dam is maintained



No native trees, shrubs or ground-storey species surrounding the dams, or wetland vegetation within the dams

should be deliberately removed or destroyed other than saplings from the perimeter of the racecourse dam in

accordance with the Dam Management Plan for this site.


37

Extent of Zone

The Zone does not need to be delineated


No limbs should be lopped around any of the Dams, unless they are located in a Tree Safety Management Zones

Any naturally fallen limbs/trees should be retained in-situ unless they are impeding the function of the dams or

impeding tracks

o These trees/limbs should be re-located to adjacent appropriate areas

The log densities for the relevant EVC (refer to Appendix 2), need to be considered when re-

locating logs, and they should be located in areas with lower log densities.




When re-placing logs, visual on-ground assessments are required to ensure logs are not

placed over high quality (greater than 50% cover) indigenous ground-storey vegetation


If the log density greatly exceeds the EVC log density benchmarks, any additional fallen or lopped limbs may be

used for on-site mulch, as barriers around other Management Zones, Tree Conservation Areas (if larger logs), or

as firewood for the cafe .


No mulch or other materials are to be stockpiled in the zone.

Burning off

No native vegetation or other materials should be burnt within the zone.

Weed control

Focus weed control as “weed sweep” in accordance with the appropriate weed species lists (refer to Appendix 1).

Herbicide use should be minimised adjacent to the dams

Only ‘frog friendly’ herbicides should be used in the zone



depot and stockpiled for later disposal, including removal to Council Transfer Stations or burning.


No planting should occur in the zone for Racecourse Dam and Dams 1, 2 and 3

The edge of Dam 4, which has the highest indigenous ground storey vegetation cover will be revegetated as a

component of a longer term revegetation plan to increase its quality and to provide a buffer to the adjacent

Remnant Trees Conservation Zone 1 north of the race track

Revegetation around Dam 4 needs to ensure the 5 metre wide Fuel Management Zone adjacent to the perimeter

fence is maintained.

Dogs

Designate the zone as “dog on lead free”


38

Fauna Use

Monitor dams for fauna use (remote cameras), particularly the Racecourse Dam

Continue conducting an annual bird census at Racecourse Dam

Cumbungi Management at Dam 1

Monitor Cumbungi growth and control density around/in Dam 1

o Undertake periodic slashing and burning of Cumbungi for habitat as required

Wetland Vegetation management at Dam 4

Ensure any works proposed around Dam 4 (north-west corner East Paddock) consider its wetland vegetation

values


39

4. MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Several sections concerning the ecological values of the Reserve and the risks to these values have

discussed the need for some monitoring, within this EMP.

Monitoring and evaluation is an important component of any ecological management works. Monitoring

can be utilised to collect baseline data and to monitor the effectiveness (or not) of proposed

management works. There is little point committing resources to management works, if the

effectiveness of them is not monitored and assessed.

4.1 Monitoring

To facilitate monitoring and evaluation, it is recommended that Council prepare a Fauna Monitoring

Action Plan and Flora Monitoring Action Plan for the site. These action plans could build on the survey

work conducted during the preparation of the EMP as outlined at Section 3 of this document.

It is recommended that these Action Plans establish key ecological/environmental indicators to help

monitor the health of the reserve and to assist in assessing the success of the Environmental

Management Plan.

Activities that may be considered for inclusion in the Fauna and Flora Monitoring Action Plans include:

Activity Survey Frequency

Bird surveys of 2 ha census areas Annually

Indigenous ground-storey vegetation quality

mapping

Every 5 years

Checking of nest boxes Annually

Installation of wildlife cameras At least twice per year (autumn and spring)

Spot light surveys for native and pest animals At least twice per year (autumn and spring)

Rabbit burrow surveys Annually

Scat surveys and analysis Annually

Invertebrate surveys Every 3 to 5 years

Amphibian surveys Every 3 to 5 years

Fungi surveys Every 3 to 5 years

Reptile surveys Every 3 to 5 years

Installation and surveying of monitoring plots Annually

4.2 Extent of Conservation Management Prior to the EMP

In October 2014, when the EMP fieldwork and consultation process commenced, only certain areas of the

Reserve were partially managed for their ecological values. The main areas of the Reserve that were

formally recognised or partially managed as bushland were the fenced area in and around the rock itself,

and to a lesser degree the racecourse grassland. This equated to approximately 34.7 hectares or 39% of

the reserve.

A break-down of the site’s management prior to this EMP is presented in the following table.


40

Table 2. Extent of Management Zones at Hanging Rock (October 2014)

Description Primary purpose Area (Hectares) Percentage

The Rock and its’ Surrounds Conservation 29ha 32.6%

Racecourse Grassland Conservation 5.7ha 6.4%

Remainder of Hanging Rock Reserve (Recreation

or unmanaged), including East Paddock

Recreation 54.3ha 61%

Total Area of Reserve 89 hectares 100%

4.3 Extent of Conservation Management within the EMP

As a result of this EMP, and the designation of Management Zones, there is now a clear definition of

Management Zones at Hanging Rock with detailed ecological management principles and guidelines.

The Management Zones have incorporated both the ecological and recreational values of the Reserve and

have clearly defined them. The Conservation Zones will be primarily managed for their ecological values,

with some slight incursions required to maintain existing infrastructure and/or current management

practices required for public safety. The Recreation Zones will continue to provide the facilities and areas

associated with the recreational uses undertaken within the Reserve.

Hanging Rock is a complex site with a variety of competing uses and management requirements.

Simplifying the Reserve into Management Zones has allowed the provision of clear management

directions to ensure the complexity of managing a Reserve with both ecological and recreational values

can continue at Hanging Rock.

The revised extent of conservation areas at Hanging Rock, due to the implementation of clear

Management Zones; are presented in Table 3 below:

Table 3. Extent of Conservation Managed Areas at Hanging Rock (April 2015)

Description Area (Hectares) Primary Purpose Percentage of

Reserve

The Rock and its’ Surrounds 29ha Conservation 32.5%

Racecourse Grassland 5.7ha Conservation 6.4%

Conservation Zones- Remnant Trees 9.6ha Conservation 10.8%

Conservation Zones- Smokers Creek 2.8ha Conservation 3.1%

Recreation Zones 37.3 Recreation 42%

Tree Conservation Areas 1.1ha Conservation 1.2%

Dam Zones 3.5 Conservation 4%

Total Area of Reserve 89 hectares 100%

*The Fuel Management and Tree Safety Management Zones are not included in these figures, as their area overlaps

with the Conservation and/or Recreation Zones.


41

As illustrated in Table 3, the preparation of this EMP has resulted in a clear increase of areas to be

managed for their conservation values across the Reserve. The Recreation Zones now constitutes 42% of

the Reserve, 4% is covered in dams, whilst the remainder of the Reserve (54%) will be managed as

Conservation Zones or Tree Conservation Areas (previously estimated at 39%).

The EMP has also resulted in clearly defining areas within the Conservation Zones that will continue to be

managed for other purposes: The Fuel Management and Tree Safety Management Zones. The

Management Zone map illustrates that these are small areas within larger Zones.

The management principles that accompany each Management Zone (refer to Part 2 of the EMP) have

clearly outlined management practices that can and cannot occur in each Zone

The EMP process has also identified and categorised previously unmanaged portions of the site with clear

ecological values that will now be managed for these values.

4.4 Evaluation and review

It is recommended that this EMP be reviewed at least every 10 years to ensure its principles and actions

are still relevant. It is recommended that this review comprise an audit of the Plan’s actions as well as an

evaluation of the Plan’s objectives utilising the data collected as part of the implementation of the Fauna

and Flora Monitoring Action Plans.

The actual area of the reserve (in hectares) managed primarily for conservation purposes is also a useful

benchmark to help track progress of the implementation of this EMP, with establishing the Tree

Conservation Areas as recommended in this Plan.

This EMP has considered current known management issues and concerns, and made appropriate

recommendations with regards to these. It is acknowledged the EMP may require some adjustments to

continue the effective management of Hanging Rock Reserve, and that some issues may not have been

apparent at the time of preparing the EMP. Consequently more regular internal reviews and updates may

be required throughout the plan’s implementation.

Recommendations

Undertake a comprehensive review of the Environmental Management Plan after 10 years (in 2025).

Monitor the implementation of the plan in the meantime and consider making any updates as

required, including to the actions and species lists.

DRAFT Hanging Rock Reserve Environmental Management Plan: Part 2

Rep_Footer

42

5. ACTIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM

All of the recommendations associated with the ecological management issues identified at Hanging

Rock through the site assessments and stakeholder consultations process listed in Section 8 of the

accompanying Hanging Rock Reserve Environmental Management Plan: Part 1, are presented in Table 4

on the next page.

Status

In Table 4, each management recommendation is listed along with the management status and resources

required. An outline of the status is provided below:

Current and On-going Actions

o Works guidelines that don’t require any specific funding.

New High Priority Actions- Separate Funding (1 to 3 years)

o Priority management actions that need to be resourced specifically. These actions will be

staged over the next 1 to 3 years.

New Medium Priority Actions- Separate Funding (3 to 10 years)

o Priority management actions that need to be resourced specifically. These actions will

either be staged over the next 3 to 10 years).

New Aspirational Actions

o These actions have not been prioritized. They will occur if the opportunity arises.

The timing of all actions will be subject to staff and budget resource availability.

Resources required

All infrastructure, events, environmental management and maintenance at Hanging Rock Reserve is

funded by the Reserve’s existing revenue streams such as via entrance fees, events and grants. All

actions listed in the Environmental Management Plan will be funded through these existing revenue

streams and / or new grants as required. Some actions listed can be undertaken with existing staff

resources; others require dedicated funding from the Hanging Rock Reserve budget.

With regard to the resources required, the following categories have been applied:

Internal staff resources

None required

$: $1-5K

$$: $5-10K

$$$: $10-20K

$$$$: $20K+

Many of the actions listed will be implemented in collaboration with local community groups as

appropriate.


Rep_Footer

43

Table 4. Ecological Management Recommendations and Actions

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action

Number Recommendations Status Resources Required

Vegetation/Flora Management

Weed Control

1 Control all woody and scrambler/climbing weeds and thistles

across the Reserve Current and on-going

$ annually

2 Follow up with an annual ‘weed sweep’ to control any

germinating or ‘missed’ plants Current and on-going

$ annually

Bushland

Management

Techniques

3 Utilise bushland regeneration techniques in the two Core

Conservation Zones with remnant ground-storey vegetation:

the Rock and its Surrounds and in the Racecourse Grassland.

No planting should be undertaken in these Zones, unless

they are a component of strategic works in areas with lower

(<25%) indigenous understorey vegetation quality

Management Principle.

Current and on-going None required

4 Focus revegetation in the Remnant Trees Conservation Zones,

along Smokers Creek, and in the Tree Conservation Areas

within the Recreation Zones; all areas with <25% indigenous

understorey vegetation quality



Grassland

Management

5 Prepare a Grassland Management Plan (with reference to the

previous Plan prepared in 1993) New High Priority Action $$

6 Prepare and implement a Kangaroo Action Plan that reviews

the carrying capacity of the reserve, including within the

Grassland

New Aspirational Action $$

7 Undertake weed control on a quarterly, bi-annual or annual

basis in accordance with the recommendations in Section

8.2.1

See Actions 1 and 2 $ annually


Rep_Footer

44

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Grassland

Management

(continued)

8 Re-instate strip burning across the grassland, and undertake

targeted weed control of particular species after the strip

burns

New Medium Priority

Action $

Swampy Riparian

Woodland

Management

9 Undertake a staged annual program of implementing Tree

Conservation Areas in the Recreation Zones See Action 92 $

10 Undertake on-going weed control on a quarterly, bi-annual

or annual basis, as required See Actions 1 and 2 $ annually

11 Undertake revegetation along Smokers Creek riparian zone

where appropriate Current and on-going

$ / Collaboration with

community groups

Herb-rich Foothill

Forest

Management

12 Consider management techniques to increase the area of

Bracken cover to the south and east of the rock New Aspirational Action Internal staff resources

13 Undertake rabbit control to reduce rabbit harbour amongst

the Bracken See Action 67 $$

14 Continue current tree maintenance amongst the racecourse

facilities Current and on-going $

15 Implement Tree Conservation Areas in the Recreation Zone to

the north of the racecourse facilities, via a staged annual

works program

See Action 92 $



Plains Grassy

Woodland

Management

17 Implement Tree Conservation Areas as shown on the

Management Zones map (outside of the perimeter Fuel

Management Zone) to manage the small patch of Plains

Grassy Woodland occurring to the east of Racecourse Road )

See Action 92 $


Rep_Footer

45

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Plains Grassy

Woodland

Management

(continued)



18a Implement tree monitoring in selected plots to monitor tree

dieback New High Priority Action Internal resources

Montane Grassy

Woodland/Rocky

Outcrop

Shrubland/Rocky

Outcrop Herbland

Mosaic

Management

19 Prepare and implement a plan for the rock that defines visitor

‘go’ and ‘no go’ areas. New High Priority Action $

20 Establish monitoring plots to collect data on the effectiveness

of undertaking different regeneration/revegetation methods

to restore indigenous vegetation on the rock

New Medium Priority

Action $


or annual basis, as required See Action 1 and 2 $ annually

22 Undertake strategic revegetation in areas with little or no

understorey Current and ongoing


local community

groups

Transition Zone

Management



Revegetation

Works and

Programs

24 Limit future revegetation to areas with less than 25%

remnant indigenous understorey vegetation cover



25 Revegetation Templates based on EVCs and appropriate

planting densities should be prepared for each EVC within the

Reserve

See Action 29 Internal staff resources

26 Exotic/native (non-invasive) plants can be used if required

for landscaping around the car park, café/visitor centre and

in the East Paddock; however the preference is for indigenous

plants.




Rep_Footer

46

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Revegetation

Works and

Programs

(continued)

27 Ensure any indigenous shade trees included in the East

Paddock Landscape Plan (in preparation) are from the

appropriate EVCs



28 All revegetation in the Recreation Zones may be subject to

aboricultural assessments in the future for tree safety

purposes



Revegetation

Templates

29 Develop EVC templates for the EVCs/vegetation communities

occurring at Hanging Rock, to account for the site specific

conditions, prior to undertaking any further revegetation

works

New High Priority Action $$

Monitoring Plots

30 Install monitoring plots prior to undertaking any

revegetation/regeneration works on top of the rock for

erosion control purposes. Prior to undertaking any works,

baseline data should be collected. Data should then be

collected on an annual basis, depending on the projected

timeline of the project.

New High Priority Action $

31 Investigate potential monitoring techniques for establishing

the most appropriate management techniques for the

grassland, based on data collected.

New Aspirational Action Internal staff resources

31a Prepare a Flora Monitoring Action Plan to guide monitoring

plots, techniques and locations across the Reserve New High Priority Action

$ / Internal staff

resources

Black Gums

32 Base plantings along Smokers Creek on EVC 83: Swampy

Riparian Woodland and do not plant Black Gums unless

further research determines whether this species occurred

naturally in the reserve or not.




Rep_Footer

47

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Tree/Limb Loss

and Removal –

Stockpiles

33 Retain fallen branches in-situ in the Conservation Zones

except if they have fallen across a track


Current and on-going Internal staff resources

o If they fall across a track, remove to side of track,

undertaking on-site visual assessments to ensure logs are

not placed in areas with good quality ground-storey

vegetation

35 Continue current practice of removing fallen/lopped limbs in

the Recreation Zones, for aesthetic and slashing/mowing

purposes

Current and on-going $ / Internal staff

resources

o Re-use larger logs as barriers to define perimeters of

TCAs and Management Zones

o Re-use smaller limbs for mulch

o Store any unusable/exotic material in on-site depot (refer

to Section 8.6.10), for later disposal, which could include

burning or removal to a Council Transfer Station

36 Continue the current management practice of safety

inspections and tree/limb removal as required, in the

Recreation and Tree Safety Management Zones

Current and on-going $ annually / Internal

staff resources

36a Root balls and tree stumps resulting from lopped or fallen

trees should be retained in-situ. If they are considered a

safety hazard or need to be removed in the Recreation Zones,

removal could be considered to the on-site depot (for

disposal via burning of a stockpile) or Council’s Transfer

Station.


Current and ongoing. None required


Rep_Footer

48

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


In-situ Limb

Retention

37 Utilise log densities in Table 13 (EMP Part 1) to determine

appropriate log densities across Reserve



o If the densities are exceeded, use on-ground judgements

to determine if log removal is required

o If log removal is undertaken, ensure good quality

indigenous ground-storey vegetation is not impacted by

the hand removal of any logs

38

Consider fuel levels in determining log densities Management Principles.


Loss of Large Old

Trees on the Rock

39 Raise awareness of the issue with the Friends of Hanging

Rock, NDLG and other community groups associated with the

Reserve, and ask them for observations, etc

New Aspirational Action None required

40 Instigate a monitoring program for all trees growing on the

rock New Aspirational Action $$

41 Consult with an entomologist concerning the insect attack on

the large trees to determine what type of insects they may

be, and whether they are responsible/contributing to tree

decline, or not



Rep_Footer

49

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Fuel Management

Fuel Management

42 Continue existing fuel management works along the

perimeter of the Reserve Current and on-going Internal staff resources

42a Undertake any slashing in early Spring and mid to late

Summer Current and on-going Internal staff resources

43 Extend the perimeter of the Fuel Management Zone to the

inner edge of the lower base walking track in CCZ1 New High Priority Action Internal staff resources

44 Extend the perimeter of the fuel management zone beyond

the inner edge of the base walking track in one location, to

incorporate the defendable space for an adjacent dwelling

New High Priority Action Internal staff resources

45 Do not undertake new revegetation or plantings in the

defendable space around the public buildings,


Current and on-going. None required

Base Walking

Track (and Fire

Risk)

Management

46 Prior to undertaking any widening works or constructing the

passing bays, an on-ground assessment is required to

determine the most suitable areas from an ecological

perspective, in areas with the lowest indigenous ground-

storey vegetation quality possible

New High Priority Action Internal staff resources

Fauna Management

Limb/Tree

Lopping, Arboreal

Fauna and

Pruning

Techniques

47 Ensure fauna inspections are undertaken prior to undertaking

limb/tree removal works.


Current and on-going.

None required. Forms

part of arborist

assessments.

48 Incorporate pre-works fauna inspections into all planned

limb removal works within the Reserve


Current and on-going.

None required. Forms

part of arborist

assessments.


Rep_Footer

50

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Indigenous Fauna

Management at

Hanging Rock

49 Develop a Fauna Monitoring Action Plan for the reserve to

facilitate collection of ongoing data and information about

the presence/ absence of species, population densities and

population changes.

New High Priority Action $ / Internal staff

resources

Indigenous Fauna

Management at

Hanging Rock

(continued)

50 Develop and implement a data management system to

facilitate the collection of the data from fauna and flora

observations and surveys. This may include maps, GIS layers

and other databases.

New High Priority Action Internal resources

51 Utilise fauna data when undertaking major works to

determine if additional fauna assessments and mitigation

measures are required.


Current and on-going. Internal staff resources

Threatened and Iconic Species Management

Powerful and

Barking Owls

52 Incorporate monitoring of the Powerful and Barking Owls into

the Fauna Monitoring Plan for the reserve. See Action 29

$ / Internal staff

resources

Wetland Birds and

Racecourse Dam

53 Incorporate monitoring of wetland birds into Council’s Fauna

Monitoring Plan for the reserve. Include use of the bird

census survey areas defined for the EMP

See Action 49 $ / Internal staff

resources

Koalas

54 Incorporate data collection on koala numbers, movements

and fatalities in the local landscape into Council’s Fauna

Monitoring Plan for the reserve. Refer to the AKF’s report for

guidance.


resources

Peregrine Falcons

55 Protect the peregrine falcon’s nesting area from human

activity such as rock climbing (which is currently prohibited).


Current and ongoing None required


Rep_Footer

51

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Other Threatened

Species

56 Includes management of: Grey Goshawk, Brown Treecreeper,

White-throated Needletail, Swift Parrot and Greater Glider

Prepare and implement a Fauna Monitoring Plan for the

reserve, including identification of resource requirements, to

determine the presence/absence, population and locations of

previously recorded threatened species such as Greater

Gliders and Brush-tailed Phascogales


resources

Fauna Data

Management and

Knowledge Gaps

57 Develop an effective fauna data management system that

stores the results from fauna surveys in a format that can be

easily accessed by Council staff, including the Reserve

Rangers, and can be used to analyse for population trends

and changes.


resources

58 Consider creating a community based fauna data

management system, that is linked with established external

fauna databases

New Aspirational Action $$$

59 Prepare and implement a Fauna Monitoring Action Plan that

includes actions to target fauna knowledge gaps See Action 49

$ / Internal staff

resources

60 Investigate opportunities to undertake fungi surveys within

the Reserve, potentially in partnership with tertiary

institutions and existing networks utilising the established

‘FungiMap’ (www.fungimap.org.au)


Kangaroos (and

Swamp Wallabies)

61 Prepare and implement a Kangaroo Action Plan that reviews

the carrying capacity of the reserve and identifies appropriate

actions to manage population numbers (if required) and

kangaroo management during major events.

See Action 6. $ / Internal staff

resources


Rep_Footer

52

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Kangaroos (and

Swamp Wallabies)

(continued)

61a Investigate and implement the installation of fencing and

gates along the boundary between the mown and unmown

southern portion of the East Paddock (near the creek area) to

prevent the public from disturbing kangaroos resting in the

area during major events.

New High Priority Action $$$

Nest Boxes


includes a regular monitoring regime for existing nest boxes

and that explores opportunities to utilise small wildlife

cameras within the nest boxes that broadcasts footage to the

visitor centre and, potentially, Council’s website


resources

62a Install signage along the walking tracks under some of nest

boxes, to provide information about their use in the Reserve.

New Medium Term

Priority Action $$$

Bats


includes regular bat surveys for population numbers and

species and which aims to locate the maternity site/s so it

can be protected.


resources

Major Evening

Events: Noise,

Light and Fauna

Take into account the following principles when planning

major night time events:



64

o Limit use of animated lighting (e.g.

flashing, strobe or laser lights) on areas inhabited by wildlife

o Avoid use of pyrotechnics with significant noise impacts

o Aim to avoid use of fireworks in the cooler months and

before dusk

65 Prepare and implement a Kangaroo Action Plan that includes

considerations in regard to Kangaroos and public during

major events.

See Action 6. $ / Internal staff

resources


Rep_Footer

53

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Major Evening

Events: Noise,

Light and Fauna

(continued)

65a Prepare and implement a Fauna Monitoring Action Plan that

aims to assess whether the major events held at the site have

an impact on native wildlife within the reserve.


resources

Pest Animal

Management

66 Collect baseline data on fauna present (both indigenous and

pest animal species) within the Reserve, population numbers

and population locations as a part of implementing the Fauna

Monitoring Action Plan


resources

67

Prepare and implement a pest animal management program

to target specific species as required New High Priority Action

Internal resources for

program preparation

$$ annually for

implementation

68 As a part of implementing the pest animal management

program, monitor the outcome of pest animal control to

determine if pest animal numbers have reduced and if the

objectives of the control program have been achieved.

See Action 67 $ annually

69 As part of any fox control program, Do not undertake fox

baiting in the Reserve due to the proximity of surrounding

properties and domestic animals

Management principle.


70 Undertake community engagement when implementing pest

animal control works to facilitate participation of surrounding

land owners.

Current and on-going $


Rep_Footer

54

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Domestic Dogs

and Cats entering

the Reserve at

Night

71 Continue to implement shire-wide campaigns encouraging

land owners to secure their pets. Current and on-going

$ / Internal staff

resources

72 Monitor the perimeter fence regularly and undertake

maintenance works as required to prevent access by

domestic dogs and cats from adjacent areas.

Current and on-going $ / Internal staff

resources

73 Consider upgrading the perimeter fence to a full predator

proof standard to further restrict entry New Aspirational Action $$$$

Northern Water

Source for

Indigenous Fauna

74 Investigate establishing a water source on the northern side

of the reserve.New Aspirational Action $$

The Perimeter

fence

75 Remove all barbed wires on fences around and within the

Reserve New Aspirational Action $

76 Prepare a Perimeter Fence Plan (including for the East

Paddock) which identifies the aims of the perimeter fence and

provides an appropriate design to achieve these aims.

Conduct research into successful reserve fencing as required.

New Medium Priority

Action $$

Dogs on lead

within the

Reserve

77 Install additional signs advising:


o that dogs are prohibited from entering the Core

Conservation Zones

o that dogs must be on the lead at all times in all other

areas

78 Designate the Reserve Rangers as “authorised officers”

capable of enforcing Council’s local law New High Priority Action Internal resources

79 Review the policy of allowing dogs into the Reserve, if a

predator-proof fence is constructed around the Reserve New Aspirational Action $


Rep_Footer

55

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Lighting and

other

infrastructure

80 Utilise the data collected as a part of the Fauna Monitoring

Action Plan when planning infrastructure projects.


Current and on-going. Internal staff resources

81 Refer infrastructure proposals for the site to Council’s

environment staff as required. Current and on-going Internal staff resources

82 Undertake targeted faunal impact assessments of proposed

infrastructure works as required. Current and ongoing

$ / Internal staff

resources

Car Parking (Major Events) and Tree Management

Car Parking

(Major Events)

and Tree

Management

84 Commence TCA implementation in 2015/16 financial year Current and on-going

$ / Internal staff

resources

85 Commence and sign post a large limb stockpile suitable for

use to define perimeters of TCAs and other Conservation

Zones, as an interim measure until the on-site depot is

functional

Once the on-site depot is functional, large limbs will be

stockpiled in the depot, and then won’t need to be

signposted

Interim Measure


86 Stockpile mulch from indigenous green matter use in TCAs

and under trees in Recreation Zones, as an interim measure

until the on-site depot is functional

Once the on-site depot is functional, mulch will be stockpiled

in the depot

Interim Measure

Current and ongoing. Internal staff resources

87 Design and install appropriate signage to identify some TCAs

and outline their function

New Medium Priority

Action $


Rep_Footer

56

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Car Parking

(Major Events)

and Tree

Management

(continued)

88 Install understorey plantings (indigenous shrubs and

understorey plants) in TCAs, suitable to EVC with appropriate

planting densities

New Medium Priority

Action


local community

groups

89 The large limb and mulch stockpiles may be located in low-

usage areas of the Recreation Zones (until the on-site depot

is constructed) or in the on-site depot/works yard



Mulching around

the Base of Trees

90 Replace the lawn directly under selected trees throughout the

Recreation Zone with indigenous mulch. The mulch should be

extended out to the tree’s drip lines where this does not

significantly reduce the area available for recreation.

Commence in the picnic areas to the south of the Rock, and

slowly work eastwards and to the north


Adjacent Land

Purchases

91 Consider purchasing any suitable land adjacent to the

Reserve if it becomes available New Aspirational Action $$$$

Other/General Management Issues

On-the-ground

‘Demarcation’ of

Management

Zones

92 Incrementally install markers (bollards, fencing, rocks or

fallen/removed large limbs), around the perimeter of all the

Conservation Zones and Tree Conservation Areas (TCAs) as

resources allows. Manage and maintain the markers as

required.

Current and on-going $ annually / Internal

staff resources

93 Review the perimeter of each Conservation Zone periodically

(every ten years), and make any additions to reflect site

conditions, as appropriate

New Aspirational Action $


Rep_Footer

57

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Dam/Water

Management and

Usage

94 Assess the potential fauna and flora impacts of any potential

changes to the size or composition of the site’s existing

water storage.


95 Manage the racecourse dam for its wetland habitat and retain

this water storage even if alternative water storage facilities

are developed in the future (e.g. tanks).


95a Undertake an ecological assessment of Smokers Creek,

including evaluation of the quantity and timing of stream

flows.

New Aspirational Action $$$

95b Revegetate Dam 4 to increase its’ ecological values, and to

increase the ecological values of the nearby Remnant Trees

Conservation Zone 1 (RTCZ1), at the northern end of the

racecourse. Maintain the Fuel Management Zone between

Dam 4 and the perimeter of the Reserve.


Erosion on the

Rock

96 Install more arrows along the summit walking track especially

in the ‘rocky’ areas where there is no constructed walking

track with the aim of encouraging the use of the one path

between the café and the summit of the Rock while still

providing for off path movements as appropriate.


97 Consider the creation of defined viewing areas to direct and

control people movement. New Aspirational Action $$$$

98 Continue using large fallen logs to define the edges of the

track/’no go’ areas, as appropriate See Action 19. Internal staff resources

99 Consider strategic revegetation for dense plantings to

discourage people from going off track, using appropriate

species (based on the EVC Revegetation Templates)

New Medium Priority

Action


local community

groups


Rep_Footer

58

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Erosion on the

Rock

(continued)

100 Install monitoring plots (refer to Map 11) to manage

erosion/people leaving the track, and to monitor different

vegetation management techniques


resources

Future

Recreational

Opportunities

101

Focus future recreation activities in the Recreation Zones Management Principle.


102 Undertake an ecological impact assessment for future

recreation activities, as appropriate, as a part of the

investigation process and refer these proposals to Council’s

environment unit for approval

Current and ongoing $$ / Internal staff

resources

Signage and

interpretation

103 Consider new signage and other interpretive information and

activities that raise awareness about the natural and cultural

values of the site and advise visitors about permitted and

prohibited activities.

New Medium Priority

Action $$

104 Provide access to the existing noticeboard to local

community groups to enable them to promote their activities. New High Priority Action None required

Managing

Heritage Values

105 Commission a full Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Study of the

reserve in collaboration with relevant aboriginal groups

New Medium Priority

Action $$$

Machinery

Maintenance and

Hygiene

106 Identify and signpost a clean down area for machinery

entering the site. New High Priority Action $

107 Ensure Council staff and contractors entering Hanging Rock

are included in Council’s vehicle hygiene program. Current and ongoing Internal staff resources


Rep_Footer

59

Ecological

Management

Issues

Rec/Action


Maintenance of

Drains and

Waterways

108 Cease spraying herbicide in drains and channels across the

Reserve, unless otherwise approved by Council’s Environment

Unit



109 Ensure any herbicide that is utilised is ‘waterway friendly’



110 Prepare a Landscape Action Plan for Dam 2 and the pipe

leading to Dam 3 to provide a framework for indigenous

riparian plantings along the creek

New Medium Priority

Action $

111 Consider the maintenance aspects of drainage along

Racecourse Road when it is upgraded, to eliminate spraying Management Principle. Internal staff resources

Firewood

112 For logs/green matter that cannot be used for log barriers or

mulch in the Recreation, Tree Safety and Fuel Management

Zones, re-utilise as firewood at the café, or stockpile and

dispose of in the on-site depot, including via burning,

mulching and/or removal to Council Transfer Station.



112a For fires lit as part of public events, the firewood shall be

collected from a designated stock-pile


Current and ongoing Internal staff resources

Monitoring and

Review

113 Undertake a comprehensive review of the Environmental

Management Plan after 10 years (in 2025). Monitor the

implementation of the plan in the meantime and consider

making any updates as required, including to the actions and

species lists.


General Reserve

Management

114 Develop a document for Safe Work Practices in Environmental

Management New High Priority Action $


Rep_Footer

60

Map 1. Hanging Rock: Site Description


Rep_Footer

61

Map 2. EVCs at Hanging Rock


Rep_Footer

62

Map 3. Indigenous Ground-storey Vegetation Cover and Quality at Hanging Rock


Rep_Footer

63

Map 4. Bird Census Locations at Hanging Rock


Rep_Footer

64

Map 5. Threatened fauna Species Habitat Assessment at Hanging Rock


Rep_Footer

65

Map 7. Weeds Locations at Hanging Rock


Rep_Footer

66

Map 8. Fire Risk Management at Hanging Rock


Rep_Footer

67

Map 9. Management Zones at Hanging Rock

Map 10. Potential Monitoring Plot Locations at Hanging Rock


Rep_Footer

68

Appendix 1. Weed Species Lists

Lists of the current pest plants growing in the different areas of the Reserve are provided below, as these

lists need to be easily referenced for on-ground control works.

A summary of the weed prioritisation categories utilised to determine the priority for control of each

weed species in the different areas of the Reserve is presented below. Tables 5 to 7 then outline the

weed species recorded in: the racecourse grassland, on and around the rock, and in the general Reserve.

The Tables include both our weed prioritisation categories and the Catchment and Land Protection (CaLP)

Act classifications.

Currently the Newham District Landcare Group and the Macedon Ranges Shire Council have commenced

control of many of the woody weeds and thistles across the Reserve, listed in Tables 5 to 7.

Weed Prioritisation Categories

Weed Prioritisation Categories Description of each Category

Keystone (K) Totally dominate structurally and floristically/old populations that have

reached the peak of their invasion potential in a given area

Many species (flora and fauna) may have become dependent on weed

Work slowly and systematically from highest understorey indigenous

vegetation quality areas outwards

Remove mature weed specimens first

Keep in mind buffers/habitat

Small patches (S) or the only observed

occurrence of a species within the site

S1

S2

Of variable risk, but easiest to eliminate as they are in small numbers

Highest risk and priority for control. Eliminate from the site

Moderate risk and priority for control. Eliminate from the highest quality

areas first

Ubiquitous species (U) Scattered weeds of disturbed areas

Hard to eliminate; look at management regimes

Eliminate in high quality areas, But of lower priority elsewhere within the

site

Weed categorisation categories provided by Gidja Walker

5.1.1 Racecourse Grassland

The prime focus of immediate weed control works should be upon eliminating the existing woody weeds

(and other S1 and S2 weeds) and then undertaking an annual ‘woody weed sweep’ to monitor and control

any ‘missed’ plants or emerging seedlings.

As the Keystone grassy weeds are interspersed amongst the indigenous species, control of them is

problematic. Further discussion of management of the grassland is provided in the EMP: Part 1.

The location of the grassland weeds is not depicted in the Pest Plants Map, as the dominant weeds grow

across the entire grassland. They are not restricted to specific infestations. The woody and

scrambler/climber weeds are mostly growing on the margins of Racecourse Dam.


Rep_Footer

69

Table 5. Weed Prioritisation in the Racecourse Grassland

Scientific Name Common Name Lifeform Weed

Category

CaLP

Act

Romulea rosea Onion Grass Bulbous U -

Agrostis capillaris Brown-top Bent Grass K -

Aira spp. Hair Grass Grass U -

Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass Grass K -

Bromus diandrus Great Brome Grass U -

Bromus hordeaceus subsp. hordeaceus Soft Brome Grass U -

Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog Grass K -

Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot Grass U -

Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue Grass K -

Arctotheca calendula Cape weed Herbaceous S2 -

Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle Herbaceous S2 C

Hypochaeris radicata Flatweed Herbaceous U -

Leontodon taraxacoides subsp. taraxacoides Hairy Hawkbit Herbaceous U -

Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle Herbaceous U -

Taraxacum officinale spp. agg. Garden Dandelion Herbaceous U -

Tragopogon porrifolius subsp. porrifolius Salsify Herbaceous S2 -

Myosotis discolor Yellow-and-blue Forget-me-not Herbaceous U -

Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed Herbaceous U -

Cytisus scoparius English Broom Woody S1 C

Genista monspessulana Montpellier Broom Woody S1 C

Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover Herbaceous U -

Ulex europaeus Gorse Woody S1 C

Vicia sativa Common Vetch Herbaceous U -

Lysimachia arvensis Pimpernel Herbaceous U -

Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Herbaceous U -

Acetosella vulgaris Sheep Sorrel Herbaceous U -

Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Woody S1 C

Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar Woody S1 C

Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry Scrambler/

climbing

S1 C

Key to Weed Categories

K- Keystone

Requires strategic control and

habitat replacement for each

identified species

S1- Small Patch

Highest Priority for Control

S2- Small Patch

Second Priority for Control

U- Ubiquitous

Scattered weeds of disturbed

areas, hard to eliminate.

Eliminate in high quality areas, Of

lower priority elsewhere in the site

5.1.2 The Rock and its Surrounds

Most of the woody weeds and thistles listed in Table 6 have been controlled over spring/summer

2014/2015. Therefore the focus of weed control should shift to annual ‘weed sweeps’ monitoring for,

and controlling, any missed or emerging plants.


Rep_Footer

70

Along the Summit track, there were a number of woody weeds (primarily Holly and Common Elder

*Sambucus nigra) that were a priority for control. It was observed that the indigenous White Elderberry

Sambucus gaudichaudiana was frequently growing adjacent to the weedy Common Elder, so care needs

to be taken during control works not to impact upon these plants. The other main weeds along the track

were patches of Winged Slender Thistle *Carduus tenuiflorus and Spear Thistle *Cirsium vulgare.

Information from the NDLG (P Roberts pers. comm) provided the location of two patches of less

common/garden escape weeds: Valerian Valerian officinalis and Peruvian Lily Alstroemeria aurea.

Aside from these woody and herbaceous weeds that are only in small amounts/ areas, the dominant

weeds around the base of the rock and in some areas on the actual rock (with deeper soils, or that have

been trampled continuously) are grassy/herbaceous weeds. These keystone weeds are harder to control,

as they are smaller plants, that grow in greater numbers and that tend to colonise areas and exclude

indigenous plants. Therefore their control is problematic, as their removal often leads to further weed

invasion, as there are few adjacent indigenous ground-storey plants available to grow into the weed

controlled areas.

Table 6. Weed Prioritisation on the Rock and its’ Surrounds


Category

CaLP

Act

Alstroemeria aurea Yellow Alstroemeria Bulbous S1 -


Aira spp. Hair Grass Grass U -



Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass Grass U -

Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass Grass U -

Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot Grass K -

Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Grass K -

Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue Grass U -

Vulpia spp. Fescue Grass U -

Sambucus nigra Common Elder Woody S1 -

Ilex aquifolium English Holly Woody SI -

Carduus tenuiflorus Winged Slender-thistle Herbaceous S2 C


Hypochaeris radicata Flatweed Herbaceous U -


Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle Herbaceous U -

Stuartina muelleri Spoon Cudweed Herbaceous U -


Myosotis discolor Yellow-and-blue Forget-me-not Herbaceous S2 -

Cardamine hirsuta s.l. Common Bitter-cress Herbaceous U -


Stellaria media Chickweed Herbaceous U -

Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge Herbaceous U -

Genista monspessulana Montpellier Broom Woody U C

Vicia spp. Vetch Herbaceous S1 -


Rep_Footer

71


Category

CaLP

Act

Quercus robur English Oak Woody S1 -

Fumaria capreolata White Fumitory Herbaceous U -

Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury Herbaceous U -


Acetosella vulgaris Sheep Sorrel Herbaceous U -

Prunus spp. Prunus Woody S1 -

Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry Scrambler/ climbing SI C

Galium aparine Cleavers Herbaceous U -

Valerian officinalis Valerian Herbaceous S1 -


K- Keystone



identified species

S1- Small Patch


S2- Small Patch


U- Ubiquitous





5.1.3 Remainder of the Reserve

The weeds listed in Table 7 were recorded across the remainder of the Reserve, including in the picnic

areas, along Smokers Creek, in the East Paddock and in the bush at the northern end of the racecourse.

These areas are mostly mown/slashed grassy areas that are dominated by exotic grasses/herbaceous

species. The focus of weed control is not in the mown picnic areas, perimeter of the racecourse, the

northern racecourse parking areas and the East Paddock, except for controlling any ‘noxious’ or

environmental weeds which do not normally grow in lawns.

The focus of weed control is in the unmown areas, along Smokers Creek and around the four dams.

These areas all contain remnant eucalypts, and some areas are currently being revegetated as habitat

links. The unmown areas occur in the south-west corner of the Reserve, along Smokers Creek, to the

south of the racecourse (along Smokers Creek and around Dam 1) and in the southern most area of the

East Paddock along Smokers Creek.

The May Bush Spiraea spp (which was growing in the north-west corner of the Reserve) has been

removed, but the area should be monitored for further plants (P Roberts pers. comm.).

Table 7. Weed Prioritisation for the Remainder of the Reserve


Category

CaLP

Act

Allium triquetrum Angled Onion Bulbous S2 R

Narcissus pseudonarcissus Daffodil Bulbous S1 -

Arum Zantedeschia Arum lily Lily S1 -

Cyperus eragrostis Drain Flat-sedge Sedge U -

Romulea rosea Onion Grass Bulbous U -





Rep_Footer

72


Category

CaLP

Act

Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog Grass K -

Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass Grass U -

Vulpia spp. Fescue Grass U -

Conium maculatum Hemlock Herbaceous S1 -

Ilex aquifolium English Holly Woody SI -

Hedera helix English Ivy Scrambler/ climbing S1 -

Arctotheca calendula Cape weed Herbaceous U -



Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle Herbaceous U -


Bellis perennis English Daisy Herbaceous U -


Genista monspessulana Montpellier Broom Woody S1 C

Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover Herbaceous U -

Ulex europaeus Gorse Woody S1 C

Medicago spp. Medic Herbaceous U -

Fumaria spp. Fumitory Herbaceous U -

Geranium spp. Crane's Bill Herbaceous U -

Melissa officinalis Lemon Balm (planted?) Woody S2 -

Prunella vulgaris Self-heal Herbaceous U -


Eucalyptus globulus Southern Blue-gum Planted (woody) U -

Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Herbaceous U -

Rumex spp. Dock Herbaceous U -

Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Woody SI C

Galium aparine Cleavers Herbaceous U -

Salix spp. Willow Woody S1 -

Viola odorata Common Violet Herbaceous S2 -

Lonerica spp. Honeysuckle Scrambler/ climbing S1 -

Iris spp. Iris Bulbous S1 -

Vinca major Blue Periwinkle Scrambler/ climbing S1 -

Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry Scrambler/ climbing S1 C

Hyacinthoides hispanica Spanish Bluebells Bulbous S1 -

Spiraea spp. May Bush Woody S1 -


K- Keystone



identified species

S1- Small Patch


S2- Small Patch


U- Ubiquitous





Refer to Map 7 for the location of high priority for control weeds within the Reserve.


Rep_Footer

73

Appendix 2. Log Densities

Whilst fallen limbs provide habitat for ground dwelling fauna species, there has to be a balance between

log habitat and ground available for vegetation cover. If there are too many fallen limbs there is the

potential that the existing ground-storey vegetation cover will be smothered and there will be less area

available for seeds to germinate in. There are also potential increased fuel hazard risks from a dense log

cover.

To provide guidelines regarding appropriate log densities in the Conservation Zones, the log density

benchmarks available for the EVCs within the Reserve have been utilised as a guide to assess log

densities in the Conservation Zones. The log densities provided in the EVC benchmarks are generic

densities that apply to all examples of that EVC within a bioregion. They have not been determined for

each specific patch of bushland, therefore they can only be utilised as a guide.

Log densities directly correlate to canopy health and density, bushland with a dense canopy naturally has

a higher on-ground log density, as more limbs fall than in bushland with an open canopy.

Table 8 below provides the EVC benchmark densities provided by DELWP, and it also provides an

increased on-site log density which has been determined based on the dense canopy cover present

across the Conservation Zones at Hanging Rock.

The log densities are provided as a metre figure for every 1,000m2. To visually estimate log density on-

the-ground, assessors typically imagine a 10m x 10m square area, that is representative of the general

log cover in an area, and then ‘count’ every metre of log in that area. A log is defined as a limb that is

greater than the width of your forearm. Once a figure has been determined, it is then timed by 10 to

obtain the log density per 1,000m2.

If the on-ground log densities exceed the densities provided in Table 8, then some log removal from the

Conservation Zones may be appropriate, depending on the extent of logs present, the width (dbh) of the

logs present, and the quality and extent of the ground-storey vegetation present.

If logs are removed, then on-ground judgements are required to ensure good quality indigenous

ground-storey vegetation is not impacted by the removal of these logs, and only smaller logs should be

removed, as larger logs provide more habitat and there would be OH&S issues involved with handling

larger logs. If any logs are proposed for removal, all removal should be undertaken by hand to minimise

damage to adjacent vegetation, and to ensure only smaller logs are removed.

Any removed logs would have to be removed from the Conservation Zone and taken to the on-site depot

for mulching or disposal if they are not appropriate for mulching.

Benchmark Log Densities

The benchmark log densities for the EVCs within the Reserve are defined according to the metres of log

(which are branches with a circumference greater than 15cm) for every 1,000m2. As the benchmark

densities are low, the provision of higher densities has been included in the on-site density estimates

due to the dense canopy cover present in the Conservation Zones at Hanging Rock.


Rep_Footer

74

As outlined previously, the densities in Table 8 are a guide.

Table 8. Suitable On-site Log Densities

EVC DELWP Benchmark Density Hanging Rock On-site

Density

EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest 20m/0.1ha 50m/0.1ha

EVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland 10m/0.1ha 25m/0.1ha

EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland 20m/0.1ha. 50m/0.1ha

EVC 859: Montane Grassy

Woodland/Rocky Outcrop Shrubland/

Rocky Outcrop Herbland Mosaic

EVC 73: Rocky Outcrop Shrubland/ Outcrop

Herbland Mosaic = 5m/0.1ha

EVC 37: Montane Grassy Woodland = 15m/0.1ha

12-30m/0.1ha


Rep_Footer

75

Appendix 3. Fuel MZ- Vegetation Standards

Vegetation within Fuel Management Zones is modified and managed to ensure the Zone mitigates the

bushfire risk as it approaches an asset.

The modified vegetation management standards presented below for use in the Fuel Management Zones

are based on the defendable space management standards presented in Planning Practice Note 65 (DTPLI

2014).

These relevant sections of these standards require that:

Grass should be kept short. 10 centimetres or less is considered short. All leaves and vegetation

debris are to be removed at regular intervals.

Shrubs should not be planted/located under trees.

Tree canopy separation of five metres and the overall canopy cover of no more than 15 per cent

at maturity.

Additional recommendations to guide the management of fuel include:

Groups of shrubs should be separated by at least 1.5 times their mature height

Tree branches below 2 metres from ground level should be removed

Shrubs and/or trees should not form a continuous canopy with unmanaged fuels.

Shrubs should be single occurrences or in clumps separated by 10 metre gaps

Documents

Hanging Rock Reserve Environmental Management Plan Part 2