GYRO COMPASS

• Spinning top• Rotating earth• Two principles of rotation

WHAT DO WE NEED?

TWO PRINCIPLES OF ROTATION

APPARENT MOTION OF GYROSCOPE

The axis seems tofollow an imaginarystar in thehemisphere

WE HAVE TO MANIPULATE THE SPINNING TOP:

Direct it

Damp it

Direct it:We will try to correct the axis to the West every time the axis is tilted upwards and East every time the axis is tilted downwards.

This way we create a flat ellipse.

DIRECTIVE SYSTEM

Hermann Anschütz-Kaempfe (1907- Germany)

Bottom heavy Top heavy

Elmer Amborse Sperry (1911- USA)

spinning clockwise spinning anti clockwise

piece of weight underneath the spinning gyro housing

will try to reduce the existing angle of the axis

piece of weight on top of the spinning gyro housing

will try to increase the existing angle of the axis

Top heavyBottom heavy

DIRECTIVE SYSTEM

Hermann Anschütz-Kaempfe (1907- Germany)

Bottom heavy Top heavy

Elmer Amborse Sperry (1911- USA)

spinning clockwisespinning anti clockwise

piece of weight underneath the spinning gyro housing will try to reduce the existing angle of the axis

piece of weight on top of the spinning gyro housing

will try to increase the existing angle of the axis

Horizontal damping in order to counter effect thedirective precession.

(damping ring on top of housing)

Vertical damping with precession opposite to heeling of housing.

(weight on Westside of housing)

Bottom heavy Top heavy

(weight on Westside of housing)

damping ring on top of housing)

DAMPING SYSTEM

Hermann Anschütz-Kaempfe (1907- Germany)

Bottom heavy Top heavy

Elmer Amborse Sperry (1911- USA)

spinning clockwisespinning anti clockwise

piece of weight underneath the spinning gyro housing

will try to reduce the existing angle of the axis

piece of weight on top of the spinning gyro housing

will try to increase the existing angle of the axis

Horizontal damping in order to counter effect thedirective precession.

(damping ring on top of housing)

Vertical damping with precession opposite to healing of housing.

(weight on Westside of housing)

resting point in meridian just above horizon resting point not in Meridian and just above Horizon Damping error (=latitude error)

Bottom heavy Top heavy

SPEED ERROR

SYSTEM

Hermann Anschütz-Kaempfe (1907- Germany)

Bottom heavy Top heavy

Elmer Amborse Sperry (1911- USA)

spinning clockwise spinning anti clockwise

piece of weight underneath the spinning gyro housing

will try to reduce the existing angle of the axis

piece of weight on top of the spinning gyro housing

will try to increase the existing angle of the axis

Horizontal damping in order to counter effect thedirective precession.

(damping ring on top of housing)

Vertical damping with precession opposite to healing of housing.

(weight on Westside of housing)

resting point in meridian just above horizon resting point not in Meridian and just above Horizon

Damping error (=latitude error)

Speed error Speed error

ERRORS

lattitude error (correct on Instrument every 5 degrees)

Speed error (formula, table or corrector)

Index error