gurbwxI aucwrx (Gurbani Ucharan) - SGGS Academysggsacademy.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/G... · gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan - PART 1 Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels,

A SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI ACADEMY

PUBLICATION

gurbwxI aucwrx (Gurbani Ucharan)

A Comprehensive Course in Understanding

the Principals of Gurbani Reading

Åsiqgur pRswid]

gguurrbbwwxxII aauuccwwrrxx

GGUURRBBAANNII UUCCHHAARRAANN (A Comprehensive Course in Gurbani Pronunciation )

Prepared & Published by:

SSrrii GGuurruu GGrraanntthh SSaahhiibb JJii AAccaaddeemmyy

A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy “Aayoo sunan paren ko Bani”

The mortal has come to this world to hear and utter the Guru’s word.

In 1708, our beloved 10th Master Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji, blessed us with an everlasting gift of life - DHAN SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI. The alphabet, content and the message of the one Almighty was presented to us directly by our Gurus. Sikhs are truly blessed with an original and authentic source. Gurbani is our Guru. Reading and understanding His message is our first step towards knowing our Guru. The Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy Trust was specifically set-up to address this need - to develop a systematic modular method for Gurmat Studies that helps bring Gurbani to everyone. Today, the Academy brings to you a systematic and comprehensive Gurmat education syllabus organized in a modular format, tailored to today’s lifestyle. The Academy’s programs are designed with the aim of developing learned Sikhs who will be able to read and understand Gurbani, have pride in their rich heritage and celebrate the greatness of the Sikh religion. The Academy currently offers the following courses: • Learn Gurmukhi in 3-months Course • Gurmukhi Reading Course • Gurbani Foundation Course • Diploma in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course • Advance diploma in Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course

Learn Gurmukhi in 3-months Course This course is designed for adults. Using speed learning techniques and the phonics method, a beginner with no previous knowledge of the Gurmukhi alphabet is taught to read Sri Japji Sahib over a period of 12 hours. The course is conducted over a period of 12 weekends. This method has been tried and tested and over 1,100 students, with little or no knowledge of Gurmukhi, were able to read Sri Japji Sahib in front of the entire congregation. !!! Gurmukhi Reading Course This course is presented to students who have successfully completed the Learn Gurmukhi in 3-months and for those who wish to improve their fluency reading in Gurmukhi. Gurbani Foundation Course Designed for individuals with basic and intermediate knowledge of Gurmukhi, this course is to introduce foundation knowledge for the reading of Gurbani. This is an interactive course that works on developing confidence and interest of the participant. The focus will be on the pronunciation of alphabets, practice of muharni and understanding Gurmukhi phonics.

With only 12 hours of investment over 6 weeks, the student will be able to read fluently Sri Japji Sahib, Anand Sahib, Kirten Sohila, Dekhni Ongkaar, Vaar (Majh & Ramkali), Bhagat Bani, Sehaskriti and Gatha. In addition, short sakhis from the live of Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji will be shared with the students. Diploma in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji (“SGGS”) Course This course is designed to give students a comprehensive knowledge on the reading and deeper understanding of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji as well as an in-depth history of the Bhagats and Gurus. • SGGS reading – provide the essential techniques and knowledge in reading Gurbani with

proper pronunciations and punctuations. The subject is delivered over 8-volumes which covers Ang 1 to Ang 1430 of Sri Guru Granth Granth Sahib Ji, with guided notes on pronounciation and punctuations. The delivery adopts a collective interactive method to encourage students to read in a group and thereby improve by listening. Includes a line-by-line English Translation based on Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji translation with added information in simple day to day English language

• Understanding Gurbani – uses a contemplative learning method to enhance the understanding by describing the word, adding on the line-by-line approach and the entire shabad’s conceptual meaning. Includes learning the historical facts to when Gurbani was recited.

• Sikh History – adopts inventive (resourceful) method which emphasises the learning of Sikh history including major milestones that helped shape the course of the Sikh religion. The syllabus contains various authentic historical references

Advance Diploma in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji (“SGGS”) Course This course is designed to give students a comprehensive knowledge in relation to the following: • Gurbani Pronounciation • Gurbani Kav • Gurbani Viakaran • Gurbani Raag

The above is delivered over 2 years, through 4 semesters. The course is conducted over 4 years, divided into 8 semesters (17 weeks per semester) = 48 months = 128 weeks = 256 hours only All these courses provide a means for Sikhs to understand their religion, learn about their heritage and most importantly, connect us with the Almighty Currently, over 1,000 students are pursuing this course at our Academy Centers A must for every Sikh who wants to know his Guru and HIS divine philosophy that today stands as an example before the world. The syllabus is prepared by Sikh Scholars based on universally accepted references within the Sikh Diaspora.

To-date the Academy has received the following accrediation: Nov 2006 -Singh Sahib Giani Jaswinder Singh Ji - Head Granthi of Sri Harminder Sahib,

Amritsar, approves & releases the Academy’s syllabus. Mar 2007 -Takht Sri Harminder, Patna Sahib gives official recognition (Perman Petar) to the

Academy, endorses Academy’s materials and appoints Bhai Paramjit Singh Ji as Jatherdar.

Dec 2008 -Singh Sahib Bhai Gurbachan Singh Ji, Jatherdar of Sri Akal Takhat Sahib, grants

Akal Takhat Sahib’s official recognition (Perman Petar) to the Academy Dec 2010 -Singh Sahib Giani Balwant Singh, Nandgarh - Jatherdar, Takhat Damdama Sahib,

Sabo Ki Talwandi, endorses Academy's work and materials. Dec 2010 -Singh Sahib Giani Kulwant Singh - Jatherdar, Takhat Sachkhand Sri Hazur Sahib,

Nanded. Jun 2011 -Singh Sahib Giani Tarlochan Singh - Jatherdar, Takhat Sri Keshgarh Sahib, Sri

Anandpur Sahib (Ropar), endorses Academy's work and materials. These courses are now offered in Malaysia, Thailand and Australia with ongoing deliberations for set in India, Indonesia, New Zealand and United Kingdom, in collaboration with local Gurdwaras and Sikh Societies. Join the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy to read Gurbani, understand Gurbani and learn the History of our Gurus. It is the divine route towards a spiritual enlightened life which gives a precise meaning to life by which the reality of truth is understood through our eternal Guru. This will lead us to a blissful, contented, merciful, faithful and meaningful life. The entire syllabus is prepared based on globally accepted references within Sikh communities across the globe. Academy Centres Malaysia Currently, over 800 students are attending these courses at the Academy’s headquarters in Wisma Tatt Khalsa, Kuala Lumpur and 28 centres all over Malaysia. The age group of the students ranges from as young as 5 to 70-years old. Here you will see families coming together once a week to attend classes, thus encouraging family bonding in accordance to the famous phrase - “A family that prays together stays together” (in this case learns Gurbani together). Bangkok, Thailand December, 2008 saw the Academy branching out to Bangkok, Thailand. We currently have close to 150 students who are currently undertaking the Learn Gurmukhi in 3 months, Gurbani Foundation Course and the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Diploma course. Australia In April 2009, His Excellency Singh Sahib Gyani Gurbachan Singh Ji, the Jathedar of Sri Akaal Takhat Sahib, Amritsar launched the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy centres in Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane and Adelaide.

In September 2009, Mr John Brumby, the Victorian Premier launched the commencement of classes in Blackburn Gurdwara, Melbourne. We currently have four centers with active classes in Melbourne, Brisbane, Gold Coast, Woolgoolga and Murwillumbah. The other centers are expected to commence classes soon once the logistic matters are sorted. Do join the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy to develop your spiritual interest. Learn to read Gurbani and relate it with the history of our Gurus, in order to have a better understanding of Gurbani. It is through Gurbani that we learn to live a more virtuous life. It is the divine route towards a spiritually enlightened life by which the reality of truth is realized through our eternal Guru. This is the true path to a blissful, contented, merciful and meaningful life. All you need to bring along is the thirst for knowledge and your commitment to achieve your goal, for Bhai Gurdass Ji says in his Kabit 111:

Charan saran gur aek paindaa jaa-i chal Satgur kot paindaa aagay ho-i layt hai

Walk even one step towards the Feet of the Guru; And the True Guru will walk millions of steps to welcome you.

To Know Your Guru, Is To Love Your Guru

PREFACE

The Gurmukhi Ucharan course aims to provide basic information on the rules of pronounciation for Gurbani reading and the composition structure of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji.

The Course is delivered in two (2) parts which is to prepare the students for Gurbani Foundation course and Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Course. The first part consist of three (3) module is delivered in three (3) consecutive weeks over 4.5 hours after the succussful completion of Gurmukhi Reading Course. The second part is delivered in five (5) consecutive weeks over 7.5 hours lecture time after the successful completion of Gurbani Foundation Course. At the end of the course, you will gain a thorough appreciation of the pronounciation rules that are applicable in reading Gurbani in the most simple and effective way. This effectively changes the way Gurbani reading was traditionally thought. In the past, the method was rote learning whereby you will need to memorize each and every pronounciation. With the knowledge obtain from this course, you will be able to understand and appreciate the rules and the rationale behind the pronounciation. The focus is on the application of the rules, rather than pronouncitation by memory. The entire syllabus is prepared based on the reading guide recommended by Sri Akal Takhat Sahib, Amritsar and as practiced in Sri Harmandhir Sahib, Amritsar. This book marks the first ever such course presented in modular form.

Ideally, the course is for those who have completed the Learn Gurmukhi in 3 months course and Gurmukhi reading or individuals who have basic Gurbani reading literacy.

We would like to stress that this is a modest attempt to contribute to the Sikh community and whilst every effort has been taken to ensure that the quality and accuracy of the information is of the highest standards, there is still room for improvements. We also look forward to your valuable feedback so that we can improve this 1st edition. We are a very young group and thus have a lot to learn and improve. It is only with the Blessings of our beloved Guruji and HIS beloved Gursikhs that we will be able to improvise the current work in the service of Khalsa Panth. In the service of Khalsa Panth Editorial Board Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy Malaysia

SRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB JI ACADEMY

gurbwxI aucwrx- Bwg 1 GURBANI UCHARAN

COURSE- PART 1

A Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy Publication

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-1 Page 8

gurbwxI aucwrx

Gurbani Ucharan

MODULE 1-1

Content 1.0 gurbwxI dw Adb

2.0 Respect of Gurbani

3.0 Introduction of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s

Structure

4.0 Need for the knowledge of Pronunciation.

5.0 Pronunciation of Gurmukhi Letters

6.0 suAr (Vowels)

7.0 ivAMjn (Consonant)

8.0 lgW-mwqRW (Syllable)

9.0 suAr-lgW mwqRW (Vowel-Syllable)


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan - PART 1 Module 1-1: Introduction, Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants & Syllable

1.0. gurbwxI dw Adb

dsW hI srUpW ivc siqgurW ny gurbwxI dw bhuq Adb, siqkwr qy BY rìKAw [ ijvyN siqgurW ny gurbwxI dw siqkwr kIqw hY iqvyN swƒ vI krnw cwhIdw hY [ gurbwxI dw siqkwr qy Adb leI kuJ ku hyT ilKy inXm jrUrI hn:-

1. ieSnwn kry qoN ibnW, joVy vwly pYr Doqy qoN ibnW Aqy jurwbW qy dsqwny pihx ky kdy vI siqgurU jI dI qwibAw nhIN bYTxw cwhIdw [

2. mMUh, pYr, kCihrw Awid ƒ h`Q lwky KwrS krky Awky ig`ly, mYly qy QMdy h`Q gurU mhwrwj jI dy srUp, poQI gutky Awid ƒU nhIN lwauxy [

3. qwibAw bYiTAW ielwiecI, imsrI jW koeI hor vsqU Awid nhIN KwxI[ qwibAw bYTw isMG Awpxy Q`ly g`dI nw ivCwey [

4. cOkVI mwr ky is`Dw bYTy, mMjI swihb qy kUhxIAW nw r`Ky [ ipCwhW h`t ky sdw Awpxy shwry bYTxw hY[

5. dsW hI pwqSwhIAW dI Awqimk joiq ‘sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI’ pRq`K ibrwj rhy hn ieauN Bwvnw krky gurbwxI dI AwigAw mMnxI hY [ <> qoN lYky ‘ATwrh ds bIs’ qk gurbwxI qy gurU BwvnI krnI hY[

6. gurU mhwrwj swihb AlmwrI iv`c nhIN sgoN sw& suQry hvwdwr kmry ivc plMG qy ibrwjmwn krny cwhIdy hn [

7. ijs pwlkI ivc scy pwqSwh jI dw pRkwS hovy iek cMdoAw (cwnxI) aus dy ivc Aqy iek vfw cMdoAw (cwnxI) aupr hoxw AiqAMq jrUrI hY [ ikauNik siqgurU jI cvr CRq qKq dy mwlk jo hoey [

“qKiq bYTw Arjn gurU siqgur kw iKvY cMdoAw” (sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI AMg 968)

8. ijs kmry ivc pRkwS jW suK Awsx hovy auQy jW bwhr mhwrwj jI dy swhmxy mMjw Awid kdy nhI fwhuxw, kyvl BUmAwsx krnw hY [ AQvw sPW ivCw ky bYTxw hY [

“hir nwmY ky hovhu joVI gurmuiK bYshu sPw ivCwie ]” (sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI AMg 1185)



9. jdoN vI siqgurU jI dI svwrI Awvy jW gurU sMgq Dur kI bwxI dw kIrqn krdI Awvy ausy vyly pYroN joVw auqwr ky dovyN h`Q joV ky, auT ky siqkwr krnw cwhIdw hY [

10. siqgurU jI dI svwrI nwl pMj isMG nMgy crxIN hox[ iek isMG cOr kry Aqy iek isMG A`gy jl iCVkdw jwvy [

11. poQI jW gutky qoN pwT kridAW DrqI qy kpVw ivCw ky aupr bYTxw cwhIdw hY [ dUijAW dy mMijAW qy bYiTAW qoN aunW dy ipCy, nIvyN QW jW Q`ly bih ky kdy vI pwT nhIN krnw [

12. ividAwrQIAW ƒU sMiQAw krwaux vwlw srHwxy v`l jW aucI QW qy nW bYTy [

13. gurbwxI dIAW poQIAW, gutky, dsm dI bwxI, BweI gurdws jI dI bwxI, dw v`D qoN v`D siqkwr krnw cwhIdw hY Aqy gurmiq bwry hor ijMny vI gRMQ hox sB dw siqkwr krnw hY[ Awm pusqkW ivc jW aunHW dy Q`ly nhIN rKxw [

14. aupr suMdr colIAW (kpVw) cVHw ky ivc plkW r`K ky, qxIAW vwly jW hor qrIky nwl pUrn qOr qy swP suQry rumwilAW ivc sMqoK ky au~cI Aqy piv`qr jgHw qy r`Kxw cwhIdw hY [

15. pYrIN juqI pwky, nMgy ipMfy Aqy nMgy isr kdy vI poQI gutky Awid nhIN pVHny [

16. ijs bksy ivc poQIAW hox aus ivc mYlw bsqr, kCihrw, KVwvW Awidk nhIN pwauxIAW [

17. GrW ivc gurbwxI dIAW poQIAW, gutky Awid srHwxy vwly pwsy, aupr swP suQrI QW rKxy cwhIdy hn [

18. siqgurU jI dy srUp, poQIAW gutky Awid ivc kwgz, Dwgy jW AMg ƒ mroVn dI inSwnI nhI rKxIN [

19. pwT kridAW AMg hmySW auprly pwisEN s`jy h`Q nwl pltxw cwhIdw hY[

20. sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI auqy kImqI, suMdr, swP suQry rumwly Bytw krny cwhIdy hn [



21. siqgurU jI auqy cOr krnw, Aqr iCVkxw, Pu`l cVOHxy, Awid syvw krnI cwhIdI hY [

22. ijnHW AKbwrW, rswilAW, ikqwbW Awid gurbwxI dy Sbd ilKy hox iqnW ƒ lPwPy, r`dI Awid dI vrqoN ivc nhIN ilAwauxw Aqy pYrW ivc nhIN rulx dyxw cwhIdw [

23. jMgl mYdwn vwly bsqR mhwrwj jI dI qwibAw nhI ljwxy, dUjy bdl ky jW Do ky, sukw ky pihn ky jwxw hY [

aupRokq siqkwr pMjwb dy pMjy qKqW qy, sRI hrimMdr swihb Aqy hor ieqhwsk AsQwnW qy A`j vI kIqw jWdw hY[ siqkwr Xog swD sMgq jIE, siqgurU jI dI bwxI dw ies qoN v`D ijMnw vI ho sky Adb qy siqkwr krnw cwhIdw hY[ ijs krky mhwrwj jI dI swfy qy Apwr ikRpw hovygI Aqy swfy qy byAMq bKiSsW krngy [



2.0. Respecting Gurbani

bwxI gurU gurU hY bwxI ivic bwxI AimRqu swry ] guru bwxI khY syvku jnu mwnY prqiK gurU insqwry ]

"The Word, the Bani is Guru, and Guru is the Bani. Within the Bani, the Ambrosial Nectar is contained. If His humble servant believes, and acts according to the Words of the Guru's Bani, then the Guru, in person, emancipates him." (SGGSJ Ang 982)

ijn BY Adb n bwnI Dwrw ] jwnhu so isK nhI hmwrw ]20] "That person who does not respect and fear Gurbani cannot be my Sikh."

(Gurpartap Suraj Granth) At Sri Anandpur Sahib, a Singh read a verse of Gurbani wrongly. Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji remark to him was, "0 Singh! You are breaking my limbs." This is why Guru Sahib Ji taught and explained the meanings and correct discourses of Gurbani to a number of Singhs. The chosen Singhs then passed on this knowledge, understanding and correct pronunciation of Gurbani subsequently to fellow Sikhs. The tradition of disseminating knowledge from Sikhs to Sikhs continues till today .

is~Khu sunhu sIK iehu myrI [ bwnI pVhu Su~D gur kyrI [

pFY mhwqm lhY ibswl [ hliq pliq mih hoie inhwl [28[ "Oh Sikhs, listen to this teaching - recite Gurbani correctly (i.e. pronounce it correctly). Read it and obtain many pleasures, here and in the hereafter." (Gurpartap Suraj Granth)

Satguruji gave the utmost respect to Gurbani in all his ten forms. Similarly, we should also show the same respect.

The following are some pointers to practice when handling this Santhia Pothee or any other form containing Gurbani:

a) Clean ourselves (take a bath, wash hands & feet, etc) before handling the Pothee (volumes of the Granth) or Gutka sahibs (collections of banis).

b) When seated to recite Gurbani take notice not to touch any part of your body (mouth, face, nose, ears, feet, etc.) with bare hands if need arise a towel or handkerchief shall be used. Avoid using wet, dirty or oily hands.

c) Whilst seating to recite Gurbani, refrain from eating or drinking. Avoid using any



extra cushion while sitting to recite Gurbani on Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji palanquin.

d) While sitting on Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s palanquin one should refrain from placing elbows or rest any part of the body on Manji Sahib.

e) To follow all the teaching of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji from the begining till the end.

f) Do not rest Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji in a closed cupboard but on a comfortable bed in a clean room in comfortable room with appropriate atmosphere.

g) In which palanquin (Palki) Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji sits, a canopy (Chandoa) shall be fixed above and an extra clean cloth shall be lay underneath the palanquin only.

h) Upon arrival and departure of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, everyone should remove their footwares, arise from their seats and stand, while placing thier hands together.

i) Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s palanquin should be accompanied by five (5) Gursikhs whereby one of them shall do the Chaur and another sparkling clean water in front of Guru Ji’s palanquin.

j) When doing Paath from a Pothi or Gutka, sit on a clean place. When you recite the bani at home, in the presence of another person or persons, who are sitting on a chair or sofa, then you should proceed to sit on a chair or sofa as well. This is because no one should sit at a level higher than the Gurbani Pothi.

k) Whilst reciting Gurbani, do not sit directly behind anybody (i.e. with their back to you).

l) Place all Gutkas and Pothis of Gurbani on a higher, clean and proper place as these Pothis contain divine knowledge. If you need to place the volumes of the SGGS Pothia with other non-Gurbani books, then, ensure that the Gurbani pothia are placed on the upper shelves followed by other books in the lower shelves of a cupboard.

m) When not in use, wrap the Gurbani Pothies in a clean piece of cloth.

n) Cover your head and remove your shoes before you start reciting Gurbani from a Gutka or Pothi.

o) Do not place dirty clothes, undergarments and footwears in the same bag as the Gurbani Pothis or Gutka.

p) Avoid folding any page of the gutka or Gurbani Pothi (Sanchi) or the ang of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji or placing a bookmark.



q) Always flip the Ang (page) of Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Gutka and Pothi fron the top right hand cornerusing the right hand.

r) Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji should be offered with clean, beautiful rumalas as well as with non-alcohol and perfume.

s) All printed materials which consist Gurbani or Gurmukhi shall be handle with respect.

t) Please ensure, bags that have pothees in it should not be kept on the ground.

u) When doing revision from this pothee, place a clean cloth on the ground before placing the “reel” for the pothee to be placed.

v) When seated to recite bani, take notice not to touch your feet with your bare hands instead a clean cloth or handkerchief should be used.



3.0. Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji’s Basic Structure

3.1. Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji with customary format has a total of

1430 Ang (pages). 3.2. The format is written with a landscape orientation. 3.3. Gurbani is written 31 Ragas. 3.4. There are 19 lines of text per Ang (page). However, many ang

(pages) with headlines (starting with new raag) have less than 19 lines per ang (page).

3.5. Total number of lines are 26,852. 3.6. Total number of words are 398,697. 3.7. Total dictionary words are 29445 (these are the words that

have been used again and again to make the whole text). Many of these words have been used only once.

3.8. The word that has been repeated most often is ‘hir’. It has been repeated for 9,288 times.

3.9. No punctuation marks like comma, semicolon or colon have been used. The mark that has been used is ‘]’ which means full stop.

3.10. No 'Adhak' charcated have been used. 3.11. No 'Paireen Bindi' character (dot at the bottom of character)

have been used. 3.12. A number of half characters (that fall at the bottom of other

characters) that are not used in modern Punjabi have been used { @ (1188), † (10), ˜ (11), ´ (268), œ (13), ç (5) }.

3.13. Aounkarh and Dulainkarh { ü (169), ¨ (20) } characters have also been used under half characters. This is normally not done in the present day Punjabi.

3.14. The 'Ik Oang Kaar' (<>) character have been repeated for 568 times.

3.15. A unique and detailed numbering system has been adopted for each Raag.



4.0 ivSyS kwrn (Need for the knowledge of

Pronunciation)

1. gurmuKI il`pI dy A`KrW, lgW, lgwKrW dw aucwrx auhnW dI insicq DunI Anuswr hovy, ^ws krky SbdWiqk lgW dw aucwrx Su`D rUp ivc auTwieAw jwvy[

2. SbdW dy ipCyqr-sÍrW dw gurbwxI dy lg-mwqRI nymW ADIn nwiskqw dy p~KoN aucwrx Su`D hovy[

3. pwT krn smyN juVq-pdW dy inKVvyN Sbd-joV TIk bxwey jwx[

4. lMmIAW qukW dw aucwrx kridAW, auhnW ƒ soRiqAW dy sihly smJ gocry krn leI Aqy ArQ-Bwv inKyVn leI kuJ BwgW ivc vMf ky Aqy Xog QwvyN Alp Aqy ArD-ibsRwm dy ky kIqw jwvy[

1. The pronunciation of Gurmukhi Vowels, Consonants and

Syllables must in its original sound especially for the words with consonants and syllables.

2. The exact pronunciation of the Vowels at the end of a word together with the associated syllable.

3. To break a long word into its appropriate division for perfect pronunciation with the reflection of its exact meaning.

4. To punctuate correctly while reading the long sentenances with comma (alap) and semi-colan (aradh) with the guide of the hymn language, poetry, tune and meanings.



5.0 Pronunciation of Gurmukhi Letters

a A e s h k K g G | c C j J \ t T f F x q Q d D n p P b B m X r l v V



A`Kr

A`Kr dy AsQwn :

AsQwn k, K , g , G koml qwlU - gly AsQwn iv`coN

| auprly A`KrW dI Avwz nwlo QoVHI ijhI koml qwlU Aqy gLy dy QilE ilAw ky is`DI n`k rwhI ilAw ky bolxI hY[

c , C , j , J zbwn qwlU-bUt nwl lgdI hY [ C~Cw = mUMh dI hvw bwhr ƒ k~FxI hY [

t , T , f , F, V

aultwvIN jIB

p , P , b , B bulW qoN

s, n, r. l bu`t qy jIB nwl

m bul qy n`k

h kMT-duAwrw (surXMqr)

H glw

q , Q , d , D, dMdw qy jIB

S , ^ , & , z , Z , L ,

ieh A`Kr poly ijhy bolxy hn [ zbwn qwlU nwl nhIN l`gx dyxI [ iehnW A`KrW nwl mgro QoVHI ijhI AYVy dI Avwz bolxI hY KA KwA, gA gwA, PA PwA[

S , z bolx lìgAW mgroN AYVy dI Avwz boldI hY [ SA sAw (sX sXw) zA jAw (jX jXw)



A`Kr AsQwn ^ , Z iehnW dI Avwz gly iv`coN polI ijhI ilAwaxI hY [ bu`l

nhI juVHn dyxy iehnW A`KrW nwl mgro QoVHI ijhI AYVy dI Avwz bolxI hY KA KwA, gA gwA, PA PwA[

& bu`lW iv`coN polI ijhI ilAwaxI hY[ bu`l nhI juVHn dyxy

L polw ijhw bolxw hY zbwn qwlU nwl nhI lwaxI

X bolx lìgAW vI zbwn qwlU nwl nhI l`gx dyxI [ zbwn QlVy pwsy hI rihx dyxI hY[



6.0. suAr (Vowels) il`pI dy auh icMnH jo Awpxy Awp qoN boly qy ijs dy aucwrx ivc koeI do AMg Awps ivc sprS nw krn[ gurmuKI vrnmwlw dy a, A Aqy e ieh iqMn A`Kr hn[ jd ik suAr-DunIAW dy aucwrx ivc swh iksy rukwvt bgYr hI mUMh ivcly koeI do AMg Awps ivc sprs nhIN krdy hn[ A speech sound, such as ( ) or ( ), created by the relatively free passage of breath through the larynx and oral cavity, usually forming the most prominent and central sound of a syllable.A letter, such as a, A and e

in the Gurmukhi alphabet, that represents a vowel.

7.0. ivAMjn (Consonant) DunIAW swh dy rsqy ivc jIB jW mUMh dy iksy hor AMg duAwrw auqpMn huMdIAW hn Aqy ijs dw aucwrx suAr dI shwieqw nwl huMdw hY[ A speech sound produced by a partial or complete obstruction of the air stream by any of various constrictions of the speech organs. In Gurmukhi such consonant are s to r .

8.0. lgW-mwqRW (Syllable)

mukqw w kMnw i ishwrI I ibhwrI u AONkV U dulYNkV y lW Y dulwvW o hoVw O knOVw



aupRokq icMnW ƒ ies leI lgW AwKdy hn ik ieh suAr nwl l`gdy hn Aqy mwqRW ies leI ik ieh suArW dy aucwrx ivc l`gx vwly smyN dw nwp d`sdy hn[ A unit of spoken language consisting of a single uninterrupted sound formed by a vowel, diphthong1

9.0. suAr-lgW mwqRW (Vowel-Syllable)

, or syllabic consonant alone, or by any of these sounds preceded, followed, or surrounded by one or more consonants. One or more letters or phonetic symbols written or printed to approximate a spoken syllable. In Gurmukhi, each syllable represents one and only one sound whereas in English a single or a cluster syllable generally represents more than one sound.

suArI A`KrW (a, A, e) nwl iehnW dIAW AnuswrI lgW imlw ky hyT il`Ky ds suAr bxdy hn;

A Aw ie eI au aU ey AY E AO aupoRkq dsW ivc nON suArW dy do-do imlvyN icMnH hn ( iek-iek A`Kr Aqy iek-iek lg)[ SbdW dI bxqr ivc jdoN ieh suAr iek`ly; Bwv iksy ivAMjn dI shwieqw qoN bgYr AwauNdy hn qW iehnW dw aupRokq sgvW (original) rUp hI kwiem rihMdw hY, pr jdoN ieh ivAMjn A`KrW ƒ l`gdy hn qW suArI A`KrW (a, A, e) dw ABwv ho jWdw hY Aqy kyvl lgW hI ivAMjn A`KrW ƒ l`gdIAW hn, ijvyN;

1 A complex speech sound or glide that begins with one vowel and gradually changes to another vowel within the same syllable, as (oi) in boil or ( ) in fine.



9.1 sgvyN rUp ivc: Aws, ieSt, eISr, aupmw, aUNG, eykl, AYb, Et, AOK[

9.2 ivAMjnW nwl sMimlq rUp ivc: pws, ipqr, KIr, hukm, qUr, kysr, mYgl, lok, DOl[

ncoV (Summary) : 1. suAr A`Kr (Vowels)-

a, A, e jo Awpxy Awp qoN boly qy ijs dy aucwrx ivc koeI do AMg Awps ivc sprS nw krn (eg of independent letters )

2. ArD-suAr (Semi-

Vowels)- X, v jo ArD-suArI DunIAW leI vrqy jWdy hn[

3. ivAMjn A`Kr (Consonant)- s qo r q`k

ijs dw aucwrx suAr dI shwieqw nwl huMdw hY[

4. kMT-duAwrI ivAMjn A`Kr (Consonant)- h

ijs dy aucwrx ivc koeI do mUMh ivcly AMg Awps ivc sprS nw krn, sgoN iek-dUjy dy eyny nyVy Aw jWdy hn ik auhnW ivcwly qMg ijhI JIq hI rih jWdI hY qy swh ies JIq ivc rgV Kw ky lMGdw hY[ ies leI ivAMjn huMidAW ‘h’ ivc suArI gux vI mOjUd hn[

5. Anunwsk (nwskI ) A`Kr

(Nasal-Consonant) J , \, x , n , m

ijs dw aucwrx smyN Awvwz n`k QwxIN vI inkldI hY[

6. dyhlI dIpk A`Kr A`Kr jo donw pwsy mqlb / ArQ dyvy[

gurbwxI aucwrx Gurbani Ucharan

MODULE 1-2

Content 1.0 dIrG qy lgU lgW (Long & Short Syllable)

2.0 ADIn lgW (Depandant Syallable)

3.0 ibMdI Aqy it`pI dw aucwrx (Bindhi & Tippi

Pronunciation)

4.0 sÍrW dIAW lgW (Vowel Syllable)

5.0 lgW dw aucwrx (Syllable Pronunciations)

5.1 dulwvW ƒ lwvW aucwrx[ 5.2 ishwrI Aqy ibhwrI dw aucwrx[ 5.3 dUlYNkV Aqy AONkV dw aucwrx[ 5.4 lW Aqy dulwvW dw aucwrx[ 5.5 kMnw dw aucwrx

MODULE 1-3

1.0 gurbwxI dy ibsRwm (Punctuation in Gurbani)

Gurbani Ucharan – Module 1-2& 3 Page 24

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – part 1 Module 1-2: Gurmukhi Syllable & Subscript Consonants

1.0 dIrG qy lgU lgW dsW lgW mwqrW ivcoN s`q lgW lMmIAW (dIrG) hn, ijhw ik kMnw ( w) , ibhwrI ( I ), dulYNkV ( U), lW ( y), dulWeIAW ( Y), hoVw ( o) qy knOVw ( O) qy iqMn CotIAW (lgU), ijhw ik mukqw, ishrI ( i ) qy AONkV ( u) [ There are ten (10) syllables in Gurmukhi script which are divided in two (2) categories depanding on the time taken to pronounce. The two categories knowns as Dhirag (long) and Lagu (short) are as follows; 1. dIrG (lMmIAW,

Long) kMnw ( w), ibhwrI ( I ), dulYNkV ( U), lW ( y), dulWeIAW ( Y), hoVw ( o) qy knOVw ( O)

2. lgU (CotIAW, Short)

mukqw, ishwrI ( i ) qy AONkV ( u)

dIrG lgW dw aucwrx dw smW lgU lgW nwloN dugxw hY[

The difference between the Dhirag and Lagu syllable is the time consume in pronuncing the consonant on which the syllable is written. Normally the Dhirag (long) would consume twice the time compared to Lagu (short).



2.0 ADIn lgW (Dependent Syllable) it`pI ( M ), ibMdI ( N ) qy A`Dk ( ` ) ieh iek qrHW dIAW shwiek jW ADIn lgW hn[ies qrHW qyrW lgW ivcoN ds lgW mu`K hn qy iqMn shwiek jW ADIn[ The dependent syllables are used to enhance and emphasise the sound of a particular consonent or word. The dependent syllables are ‘Bindhi’, ‘Tippi’ and ‘Adhak’.

a. ibMdI (Bindhi)

lgU (CotIAW) lgW iv`coN isrP AONkV ( u) ƒ ibMdI ( N ) l`gdI hY Aqy dIrG (lMimAW) lgW iv`coN dulYNkV ( U) qoN ibnW sB ƒ ibMdI ( N ) l`gdI hY[ ies qrHW CyAW dIrG lgW ƒ ibMdI lgdI hY (w, I, y, Y, o, O) [

b. it`pI (Tippi) iqMn lgW lgU (CotIAW) hn ijhw ik mukqw, ishwrI qy AONkV[ iehnW sB ƒ it`pI lgdI hY[ dIrG lgW iv`coN isrP dulYNkV vwly A`Kr ƒ hI it`pI ( M ) l`gdI hY, ijvyN ‘rMU, ƒ, hMU’, bwkI hor iksy dIrG lgW ƒ it`pI nhIN lgdI[ ies qrHW ieh iqMn CotIAW hn-mukqw, ishwrI qy AONkV qy cOQI dulYNkV ƒ hI it`pI lgdI hY[

c. A`Dk (Adhak) A`Dk hmySW CotI lg ƒ lgdw hY[ A`Dk krky A`Kr dI Avwz dUhrI (du`gxI) ho jWdI hY qy ieh dUhrI Avwz vwlw A`Kr hmySW



lgU (CotI) lg qoN ip`Cy AwauNdw hY, ijvyN ie `t, au~T, A`k Awid ivc[ lMmI lg qoN ip`Cy A`Dk nhIN lgdw[ huxy huxy AMgryzI dy A`Kr e dw aucwrn get qy set ivc hY ies aucwrn ƒ A`Dk lw ky ilK lYNdy hn, ijvyN g `t, s`t ivc[

d. sMKyp (Summary) The depandant syllables are only applicable exclusively with selected long and short syllables as shown on the table below; ADIn lgW lgW mwqrW

lgU (CotIAW) dIrG (lMmIAW) it`pI ( M ) mukqw, ishwrI ( i )

qy AONkV ( u) dulYNkV ( U)

ibMdI ( N ) AONkV ( u) kMnw ( w), ibhwrI ( I ), lW ( y), dulWeIAW ( Y), hoVw ( o) qy knOVw ( O)

A`Dk ( ` ) mukqw, ishwrI ( i ) qy AONkV ( u)

3.0 ibMdI Aqy it`pI dw aucwrx (Bindhi & Tippi

Pronunciation) ibMdI Aqy it`pI dw aucwrx iqMn pRkwr dw hMdw hY[ ies dw aucwrx dUsry A`Kr dy ADwr qy huMdw hY[ sMKyp rUp ivc ies pRkwr hY Bindhi and Tippi are pronounced in three different sounds. The sound is depandant on the second letter which appears after the letter with Bindhi or Tippi.



i. A`Dy nMny dI Avwj (The ‘AN’ Sound)

iehnW A`KrW ivc it`pI qy ibMdI, A`Dy nMny dI Avwz idMdI hY[ When the following letter appears after the letter with Tippi and Bindhi it produces the ‘AN’ sound

s q Q d D n t T f F x c C j J \

ii. A`Dy mMmy dI Avwj (The ‘AM’ Sound)

iehnW A`KrW ivc it`pI qy ibMdI, A`Dy mMmy dI Avwj idMdI hY[ When the following letter appears after the letter with Tippi and Bindhi it produces the ‘AM’ sound

p P b B m

iii. A`Dy |MM|y dI Avwj (The ‘NG’ Sound)

iehnW A`KrW ivc it`pI qy ibMdI, A`Dy |MM|y dI Avwj idMdI hY[ When the following letter appears after the letter with Tippi and Bindhi it produces the ‘NG’ sound.

A k K g G |



iv. sMKyp (Summary)

it`pI qy ibMdI dI Avwj

(The sound of Bindhi & Tippi)

gurbwxI dy sbd (The words from Gurbani)

1 A`Dy nMny dI Avwj (The ‘AN’ Sound)

sMq, kMn@, bMiD, blvMf, sMjmu, AMqu, inMdw, AMDwru, kuMfw, DMnu, pMcwiexu, cMdoAw, hMiF, gMiT, kuMt, pMQu,

2 A`Dy mMmy dI Avwj (The ‘AM’ Sound)

KsMm, AMimRq, suAMbr, gMBIru, sMpY,

3 A`Dy |MM|y dI Avwj (The ‘NG’ Sound)

AMgd, lMgr, gMg, sMgqI, mqMg, sMg, auqMg, AklMk, EAMkwir, sMGwrY, AhMkwr, pMK,

4.0 sÍrW dIAW lgW (Vowel Syllable)

id`qIAW geIAW qyrW lgW dI vrqoN jo aupr d `sI hY, auh ivAMjnW bwry sI[ iksy vI sÍr ƒ ieh qyrW dIAW qyrW lgW nhIN lgdIAW[ sÍr iqMn hn: a, A, e[ ienHW leI lgW dI vrqoN ies qrHW hY:- The given thirteen (13) syllables is applicable to the use on consonants but all these syllables are not used for the vowels. As we know that there are three vowels ‘a’, ‘A’, ‘e’. The use of syllable on vowel are as shown in the table below;



pihlIAW ds lgW ivcoN ‘a’ ƒ AOkV, dulYNkV qy hoVw lgdw hY[‘A’ ƒ kMnw, dulweIAW qy knOVw lgdw hY[

‘e’ ƒ ishwrI, ibhwrI qy lW lgdI hY[ ies qrHW nwl ‘a’ ƒ iqMn lgW iek CotI qy do v`fIAW, ‘e’ ƒ iqMn, iek CotI do v `fIAW[ ‘A’ ƒ ‘A’ mukqw smyq cwr iek CotI qy iqMn v `fIAW lgdIAW hn[ swrIAW ƒ rlw ky ilKIey qW ieh sWJI sqr ies qrHW ilKI jWdI hY:-

A Aw ie eI au aU ey AY E AO suAr lg lgU / dIrG lg 1 a AONkV, dulYNkV qy

hoVw iek CotI ( u) qy do v`fIAW ( UAqy o)

2 A mukqw, kMnw, dulweIAW qy knOVw

iek CotI (mukqw) qy iqMn v`fIAW ( w , Y Aqy O )

3 e ishwrI, ibhwrI qy lW

iek CotI ( i ) qy do v`fIAW ( I Aqy y)

sÍrW ƒ A`Dk lwaux dy nym auho hI hn, ijhVy ivAMjnW leI[ jwxI ik CotIAW lgW qoN ip`CoN hI dUhry aucwrn vwlw A`Kr Aw skdw hY[ sÍrW ƒ it`pI qy ibMdI lwaux vyly ieh nym p`kI qrHW lwgU huMdw hY, ik CotIAW lgW leI it`pI qy v`fIAW lgW leI ibMdI dI vrqoN hMudI hY[ jwxI ik eyQy aU ƒ BI ibMdI lgdI hY it`pI nhIN[



The rules of using ‘Adhak’ on vowel is the same as on the consonant. The use of long syllable is always after the use of short syllable on the consonant in a word. The rule of using ‘Tippi’ and ‘Bindhi’ on vowels are as follows; a. Tippi - is always is used on Lagu (short) syllables. b. Bindhi – is always used on Dhirag (Long) syllables.

5.0 lgW dw aucwrn (Syllable Pronunciation)

lgW mwqrW dw SuD aucwrx iDAwn nwl krnw cwhIdw hY[ AxgihlI kwrn ieh ZlqIAW ho skdIAW hn[ ijvyN: The pronunciation of the syllable must be done correctly, the common mistake made are as follows;

1. dulwvW ƒ lwvW aucwrx[

SuD aucwrx ASuD (glq) aucwrx

socY socy

cupY cupy

hoeIAY hoeIey

hukmY hukmy



2. ishwrI Aqy ibhwrI dw aucwrx[


suixAY suxIAY

boilAY bolIAY

vwirAw vwrIAw

BrIAY BirAY

qIrQu iqrQu

kIVI ikVI

3. dUlYNkV Aqy AONkV dw aucwrx[


swbUxu swbuxu

aUcy aucy

aupir aUpir

mUrK murK



4. lW Aqy dulwvW dw aucwrx[


cupY cupy

hoeIAY hoeIey

hukmY hukmy

iqQY iqQy

5. kMnw dw aucwrx


pwqwl pqwl

Awdys iqsY Awdys Adys iqsy Adys

vwpwr vpwr

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan Module 1-3: Punctuation in Gurbani

1.0 gurbwxI dy ibsRwm (Punctuation in Gurbani)

sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI dy pwT ivc ibsRwm dw pUrn AsQwn hY[ iesy leI hryk pMgqI dy AMq ivc ibsRwm-icMnH idqw hoieAw hY Aqy ijQy iek pdy dw Bwv sMpUrn huMdw hY, EQy AMk id`qw hoieAw hY[

a. ibsrwm dI loV

ibsrwm qoN Bwv hY, Atkxw jW Tihrnw[ hr iek sUJvwn ieh jwxdw hY, ik iksy ilKq ƒ TIk smJx smJwaux vwsqy ibsrwm icMnHW dI vrqoN krnI zrUrI huMdI hY[ iesy pRkwr gurbwxI dy TIk AwSy ƒ smJx AQvw dUjy qweIN smJwaux ihq TIk QwvW qy ibsrwm lw ky aucwrxW Aqy ArQ boD krnw hI SoBw idMdw hY[ ibsrwm icMnHW dI AXog vrqoN nwl ArQ dw AnrQ ho jWdw hY[

Visram (punctuation/pause) means to stop or to pause. We would agree that in order to understand any written script, pause signs are important in understanding the correct meaning of the script. In the same manner, to understand Gurbani it is vital to pause correctly when reading, singing, and preaching Gurbani.

b. iqMn pRkwr dy ibsrwm

gurbwxI dy SuD aucwrx vwsqy iqMn pRkwr dy ibsrwm dw pRXog kIqw jWdw hY[

Gurbani Path Senthia provides guidance for reading each line in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, by introducing three (3) types of visrams: -


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan Module 1-3: Punctuations in Gurbani

1) Alp ibsRwm (QoVy mwqr rukxw) ijs dw icMnH (inSwn) (,) id`qw jw skdw hY[ Alap Visram (a short pause). This is marked in this Guide with a coma ( , )

2) ArD ibsRwm (A~Dw rukxw) ijs dw icMnH (inSwn) (;) id`qw jw skdw hY[ Ardh Visram ( a slightly longer pause than alap visram). This is marked in the Guide with a semicolon ( ; )

3) pUrn ibsRwm (pUrw rukxw) ijs dw icMnH (inSwn) (]) do fMfIAW hn[ Puran Visram (a full stop). This is marked in the Guide with a sign (])

gurbwxI ivc pUrn ibsRwm dy icMn do fMfIAW dy rUp ivc siqgurW ny idqy hoey hn, pr Alp ibsRwm qy ArD ibsRwm dy icMn (inSwn) nhIN idqy [ so jy ibsRwm lw ky pwT nw krIey qW ArQ ivc bhuq Prk pY jWdw hY [ aultw ArQ ho jWdw hY[ In Gurbani, Guru Arjan Dev ji has clearly placed the Puran Visram by using the sign (ll). However, Alap Visram and Ardh Visram are not marked. Nonetheless, this does not mean that one should read a sentence of Gurbani without an appropriate pause. If we do not apply the correct visram while reading Gurbani, the meanings meant by Satguru Ji will be lost and Gurbani can be interpreted inaccurately. Like for instance, there is a Gurbani verse that goes like this;



c. audwhrx

ijvyN ik:- “guru Arjunu Gir gur rwmdws Bgq auqir AwXau ]”

jy ies pMgqI dw ibsRwm ‘Gir’ auqy krIey qw ArQ bxygw ik gurU Arjn dyv jI dy Gr, gurU rwmdws jI Bgq auqr ky Awey[ qW kI pu`qr dy Gr ipqw ny Avqwr lieAw? ikqnw Prk pY igAw ArQ ivc[ ies pMgqI dw SuD aucwrx ies pRkwr hY;

“guru Arjunu , Gir gur rwmdws ; Bgq auqir AwXau ]”

pr jy ibsRwm ‘Arjunu’ qy krIey qW TIk ArQ bx jwvygw [ ik gurU Arjn dyv jI, gurU rwmdws dy Gr Bgq auqr ky Awey [ so pwT Su~D krn vwsqy TIk QW qy ibsRwm hoxw AqI jrUrI hY [ so ies sMiQAw poQI ivc ijQy ibsRwmW dI loV hY auQy auQy lw id`qy hn [

ijvyN ik:

socY , soic n hoveI ; jy socI lK vwr ]

If we apply the visram in the above verse at “ghar” (Gir), the meaning will be, “In Guru Arjan Dev Ji’s house, Guru Ramdas ji has been born” But this meaning is flawed as everyone knows that Guru Arjan Dev Ji is the son of Guru Ramdas Ji and the actual meaning should be “In the house of Guru Ramdas ji, Guru Arjan has been born.”.

Hence, the verse should be read with a pause at

(Arjun), and the meaning will correctly flow - “Guru Arjan, was born in the house of Guru Ramdas ji”.



So to ensure our Gurbani reading is accurately paused and pronounced, the placing of the visram is crucial.

For example, socY , soic n hoveI ; jy socI lK vwr ]

The Alap Visram ( , ) is placed after the word socY i.e a short pause is needed here. An Ardh Visram ( ; ) is placed after hoveI i.e a mid


gurbwxI aucwrx- Bwg 2 GURBANI UCHARAN

COURSE- PART 2


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2 Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable


MODULE 2-1

Content 1.0 dùq A`Kr (Subscript Consonants)

2.0 dùq A`KrW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of

Subscript Consonants)

a) hlMq b) pYrIN ‘h’ c) pYrIN ‘X’ d) pYrIN ‘t’ e) pYrIN ‘n’ f) pYrIN ‘q’ g) pYrIN ‘v’ h) pYrIN ‘c’ i) pYrIN ‘ u’ j) pYrIN ‘ U’

3.0 do lgW mwqrW (Dual Syllables)


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2 Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable

1.0 du`q A`Kr (Subscript Consonants) pMjwbI bolI ivc du`q A`Kr bhuq G`t vrqy jWdy hn[ Awm qOr qy auh Sbd ijhVy ihMdI sMsikRq ivcoN pMjwbI ivc Awey qy lgBg auh AslI rUp ivc rhy qW jy auhnW ivc du`q A`Kr sn qW auh pMjwbI ivc du `q A`Kr dy rUp ivc hI ilKy jWdy hn[ jdoN do A`KrW dy ivckwr ivc koeI lg nw hovy qW dUjy A`Kr ƒ A`Kr dy pYrIN ilKdy hn[ Aijhy A `Kr du`q AKvwauNdy hn[ pMjwbI ivc jVu`q ho ky ilKy jwx vwly Sbd bhuqy nhIN hn[ Awm qOr qy r, h, v hI pYrW ivc pY ky du`q rUp Dwrdy hn[ keIAW sMsikRq SbdW ivc Q, q, n, X A `Kr vI du`q rUp ivc AwauNdy hn pr bhuq G`t[ r, h, qy v dI du `q rUp vrqoN Awm hY[ ijvyN pRB, kRoD, pVH cVH qy sÍYrwj Awid ivc[ The subscript consonants are not widely used in Punjabi language. Normally it is used in Sanskrit language. Therefore the words adopted directly from Sanskrit language written in Gurmukhi would contain the subscript consonants. It is usually written in between two consonants where there is no syllable in between e.g. there should not be any sihari or bihari. Commonly r, h, v are used as the subcript consonants, however in Sanskrit language q, n, X is also used as subsript consonants.


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan –Part 2 Module 2-1: Subscript Consonants & Dual Syllable

2.0 du`q A`KrW dw aucwrx a. hlMq

{ @ } The ‘Halant’ or also known as 'Udaat' character that is something like quarter (Paireen) Haahaa, have been used 1188 times. ‘Halant’ is pronounced by stressing on the on letter with a slight tone of ‘h’. This character makes the word more speechable. The words with ‘Halant’ or 'Udaat' are as follows: aucwiein@ aun@ aun@w aulwm@y En@w En@I Elwm@y El@gI El@gIAw El@w El@Y AMn@w AMn@y An@yrw Awn@yru AwpIn@Y Awvn@I iekn@w iekn@I ien@ ien@I iein@ eyn@w eyn@I sMin@ sMn@I sMm@lw sMm@ilAw sMm@wrw sMm@wil sMm@wlµin@ sMm@wilEie sMm@wilAw sMm@wly sMm@wlyhW shMin@ sm@wir sm@wrau sm@wirAw sm@wrI sm@wry sm@wrY sm@wl sm@wil sm@wlu sm@wlis sm@wlih sm@wlxo sm@wlw sm@wilAw sm@wilh sm@wlI sm@wlIAY sm@wly sm@wlY svMin@ svin@ swm@xy swm@wrih swm@Y sWin@hw suAwil@au syvin@ syvn@I sRvnn@ hMin@ hm@w hm@wrI hm@wry hir@Awau hV@vwxIAY hovin@ kMin@ kMn@ kMn@Y khMin@ khIAin@ kn@weI kmln@ krMin@ kil@ kwn@ kwn@Au kwil@ kwl@I kwl@Y kwV@w ikn@ ikin@ kIn@ kIn@is kIn@w kIn@I kIn@y kIn@Y kIn@o kuim@Awr kuim@Awir kum@wrw kum@wrY Kwvn@y Kuil@E Kuly@ Kul@eIAw Kul@Vy Kul@I Kul@IAw Kul@y Kul@Y KUil@ KUl@y KUl@Y Kolin@ KolweIAin@ Koil@ Koil@E Kol@ Kol@au Kol@w Kol@y Kol@Y gl@w giV@ gV@ gwil@ gwl@I gwvin@ gUV@ gUV@au gUV@I Gurin@ crnn@ clµin@ ciV@E cV@xw cV@wvih cV@y cIin@ cIin@Aw cInY@ cIn@ cIn@sI cIn@hI cIn@w cIn@W cIn@I cIn@y cIn@Y cul@Y cUly@ col@w jgwiein@ jlµin@ jwgMin@ jwxMin@ jwxin@ jwxn@I jwxIAin@ jwpin@ jwpn@I jwlyin@ ijMn@ ijMn@w ijMn@I ijn@ ijn@w ijn@I ijin@ jIvin@ Tgin@ iqMn@ iqMn@w iqn@ iqn@w iqn@I iqVMn@ iqin@ qutin@ qumy@ qum@ qum@ih qum@rw qum@rI qum@ry qum@rY qum@ro qum@w qum@wr qum@wrih qum@wrw qum@wrI qum@wry qum@wrY qum@wro QMim@ QMim@E QMim@Aw QMm@ QMm@Au QMm@nu QMm@w QMm@IAY Qwim@Aw idsMin@ idsin@ idcMin@ idRiV@E idRV@Au idRV@wieAw idRV@wey idRV@wXau idRV@wXw idRV@I idRV@IAw dIn@ dIn@w dIn@I dIn@y dyKn@y dyin@ iDAwiein@ iDAwvin@ nwn@ nwn@w nwn@I nwn@y nIim@ nIm@I n@waugo n@wieAw n@weI n@weIAY n@wey n@wqy n@wvau n@wvxu n@wvY pauV@y pn@IAw pl@ir



pl@rin piV@ piV@Aw pV@Mqw pV@ih pV@n pV@wieAw pV@wvis pV@IAY pwien@I pwiein@ pweIAin@ pwn@o ipKMin@ pYnY@ pYn@au pYn@xu pYn@xhwru pYn@xw pYn@wieAw pYn@Y iPrMin@ iPrin@ Pyrin@ bMin@ bMn@Y bn@wieAw blµin@ bwm@xu bwm@n bwm@nu buJin@ byiV@E bYhin@ boVin@ BivEim@ Bwvin@ Bulµin@ Buln@I mrMin@ mrin@ mwxin@ imlµin@ imlin@ muMnIAin@ muhin@ mUV@ mUV@w mUV@y moVMin@ rhMin@ rhin@ rcMin@ rlin@ irMin@ ruV@weI rUV@I rUV@y leyin@ lhMin@ lhin@ lhn@I lgMin@ lBMin@ lvMin@ lwiein@ lIn@ lIn@w lIn@I lIn@y luV@MdVI lYin@ vM\in@ vsMin@ vhMin@ vir@Aw vyV@I

b. pYrIN ‘h’

{ H } The 'Paireen Haahaa' (or half Haahaa) characters have been used only 38 times. The words with 'Paireen Haahaa' are as follows:

ElHg ElHgxI sMmHilAw sMmHwir sMmHwly smHwir smHwrn smHwry smHwly isM|Hwry krHY kwrHw kyrHy koVHy gVHx gVHxhwry gwrH gulHw crHwvau crHY cVHweIAY cwirHE idRVHwieAw pxHIAw pVHAu pVHih pVHq byrHy virHAw virHAY vrHy

pYrIN l`gy A`Dy ‘h’ l`gx nwl aus ivAMjn dI DunI BwrI ho jWdI hY Aqy poly ijhy ‘h’ dI DunI vI kIqI jWdI hY[ keI SbdW dy ArQ Bwv ƒ inKyVn vwsqy pYrIN A`Dw ‘h’ boilAw jWdw hy, ijvyN

gurbwxI Sbd SuD aucwrx ArQ

1. nwvw nHwvw ieSnwn

2. nwie nHwie ieSnwn

3. pV pVH pVHnw

4. kwn kwnH ikRSnw

5. jV jVH muF



jy auprokq Sbd pYrIN A`Dw ‘h’ qoN ibnW boly jwx qW iPr ArQ Bwv vI bdl jWdy hn, ijvyN;

gurbwxI Sbd SuD aucwrx ArQ

1. nwvw nwvw nwm

2. nwie nwie nwm

3. pV pV pYxw

4. kwn kwn kMn

5. jV jV joVnw

c. pYrIN ‘X’

{ ´ } This character is like half 'Yayaa', has been used 268 times. This character is never used in modern Punjabi. The words with 'Yayaa' are as follows:

auj´wrw auDráu aupjó AMD´wr AMD´wru AMD´wrw Aswj´M AKwid´ AKÉ Ag´wn Ag´wnu Ag´wnxo Aq´Mq ADwK´ru Ainq´ Apáu Avqiráu Avlok´w AwK´r Awig´ AwiQq´ Awrog´M ieq´Mq sMswrs´ sMcráu shwráu sgl´M siq´M smibÁM smwcirÉ srbg´ sl´ isMmRqb´ isK´w isD´M isD´qy ismrqb´ isrijáu suK´M suDwK´r hq´M hráu ihq´Mq hIxs´ ktwK´ kráu kl´ klÁucrY kl´wnu kl´wnw ik´hu kutMb´qy k®qg´ Kwd´M K´qRI gMm´M ig´wn guxg´ guxgM gung´ g´wn g´win g´wnu g´wnµ g´wnIAhu Cwifáu Cutk´w Cyd´qy js´ jiK´ jK´ jg´ jnms´ jpáu jl´ jlń jwg´w jwnáu joiq´M JwVáu fráu fubMq´h qs´ qwráu iqAwig´ iq´wig iqRp´qy qIK´x Qpáu Qwin´M idb´ duK´M durlB´ dydIp´ Dráu Dwiráu iD´wvY D´wie



D´wieAau D´wieAE D´wieAw D´wieXau D´weI D´weIAY D´wn D´wnu D´wnµ D´wvxh nK´qR nK´qRw nl´ inrq´M invwráu pCwVáu pq´wie prisáu prkws´w prqK´ piráu prIK´qu bMmÁu bis´Mq bK´wxI bK´wn bK´wnu bl´ bwsudyvis´ bwsÍdyvs´ ibK´wqw ibK´wdM ibgsIiD´ ibg´wipœ ibd´mwn ibD´M buD´M bYdM b´wsu b´wkrx b´wiD b´wpqu b´wpwru b´wipqM Bgq´M Bb´M Bl´ BlÁu iBK´w mDM´q mD´ mnuK´ mwináu mwnuK´ mwnuK´M imqRs´ imQ´Mq imQ´w imiláu imiló im´wny imRqÁu muKbwk´ rMgÓ rsáu rh´w rK´w rog´M liK´x lK´ lK´x lK´w lbiD´M lbD´M lB´qy lwgÓ ilKáu ilK´xa: ilp´qy vs´M vK´wnw vráu

SbdW dy AMqly A`Kr ƒ l`gw pYrIN suAr A`Dw ‘X’ ijs ƒ koeI dIrG suAr nw

l`gw hovy;

Sbd lgmwqRI dw bdlxw SuD aucwrx

1. sMswrs´ sMswrisA sMswr~isA

2. hIxs´ hIxisA hIx~isA

3. kl´ kilA k~ilA

4. Ainq´ AiniqA Ain~iqA

5. jnms´ jnmisA jnm~isA

6. bwsudyvis´ bwsudyvisA bwsudyv~isA

7. prqK´ prqiKA prq~iKA

8. nl´ nilA n~ilA

9. mwnuK´M mwnuiKAM mwnu~iKAM

10. lbD´M lbiDAM lb~iDAM



SbdW dy AMqly A`Kr ƒ l`gw pYrIN suAr A`Dw ‘X’ ijs ƒ koeI dIrG suAr l`gw hovy;


1. ktwK´ ktwiKA ktwiKA

2. Awrog´M AwroigAM AwroigAM

3. lK´w liKAw liKAW

4. Cutk´w CutikAw CutikAw

SbdW dy ivckwrly A`Kr ƒ l`gw pYrIN suAr A`Dw ‘X’ ijs ƒ koeI dIrG suAr l`gw hovy;


1. auj´wrw auijAwrw auijAwrw

2. Avqiráu AvqirAau AvqirAau

3. AMD´wrw AMiDAwrw AMiDAwrw

4. Ag´wnu AigAwnu AigAwnu

5. sMcráu sMcirAau sMcirAau

6. iD´wvY iDAwvY iDAwvY

7. nK´qR niKAqR niKAqR



d. pYrIN ‘t’

{ † } The half (Paireen) 'Tainkaa' character has been used 10 times. The 'Paireen Tainkaa' character is never used in modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen) 'Tainkaa' are as follows:


1. isRis† sirsit

2. girs† girst

3. idRis† dirsit

4. ibs†w ibstw

5. ims† imst



e. pYrIN ‘n’

{ ˜ } The half (Paireen) 'Nannaa' character has been used 11 times. . The 'Paireen Nannaa' character is never used in modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen) 'Nannaa' are as follows:


1. ies˜wnu iesnwnu

2. s˜yh snyh

3. s˜yhM snyhM

4. ik®s˜ kirsn

5. ik®s˜M kirsnM

6. ik®s˜w kirsnw

7. bYs˜vh bYsnvh



f. pYrIN ‘q’

{ œ } The half (Paireen) 'Tataa' character has been used 13 times. The 'Paireen Tataaaa' character is never used in modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen) 'Tataa' are as follows:


1. ausœiq ausqiq

2. Asœ Asq

3. hsœ hsq

4. dsœgIrI dsqgIrI

5. nwisœ nwsiq

6. insœwrhu insqwrhu

7. pusœk pusqk

8. ibsœrIXw ibsqrIXw

9. ibsœIrnh ibsqIrnh

10. ibg´wipœ ibigAwpiq

11. Bigœ Bgiq

12. msœk msqk



g. pYrIN ‘v’

{ Í } The half (Paireen) 'Vavaa' character has been used 73 times. The 'Paireen Vavaa' character is rarely used in modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen) 'Vavaa' are as follows: AsÍ sÍsiq sÍsQ sÍC sÍjnh sÍrg sÍrUpM sÍrUpI sÍwsw sÍwig sÍwgI sÍwd sÍwdu sÍwn sÍwmI sÍWg sÍWgu sÍWgI jgdIsÍrh dÍwir dÍwirkw prmysÍr prmysÍrh bwsÍdyvs´ ibsÍ ibsÍMBr ibsÍws ibsÍwsu ibsÍwsw ibsÍwn bysÍw bYsÍWqrh


1. AsÍ AsuA

2. sÍsiq suAsiq

3. sÍrUpI suArUpI

4. sÍwmI suAwmI

5. sÍwd suAwd

6. sÍWg suAWg

7. prmysÍrh prmysuArh

8. bwsÍdyvs´ bwsuAdyvìsA

9. ibsÍMBr ibsuAMBr

10. ibsÍwn ibsuAwn



11. bYsÍWqrh bYsuAWqrh

12. jgdIsÍrh jgdIsuArh

h. pYrIN ‘c’

{ ç } The half (Paireen) 'Chachaa' have been used 5 times. The 'Paireen Chachaa' character is never used in modern Punjabi. The words with half (Paireen) 'Chachaa' are as follows:


1. Asçrj Ascrj

2. insçl inscl

3. psçim pscim



i. pYrIN ‘ u’

{ ü } A special 'Aunkarh

' character that is placed under a "Paireen" charcater (character at the bottom of another charcater) has been used 169 times. This situation does not occur in modern Punjabi. Such words are as follows: ADRüv ApivqRü ieMdRü sqRü smudRü suimqRü sRüiq klqRü kl´ücrY kwn@ü ck®ü CqRü iCdRü qMqRü QMm@ü dirdRü dwirdRü idRV@ü dRüst dRüstweI dRüstW dRügMDq dRügMDw dRügm dRüm dRülB DRüik DRüv pivqRü pVHü pwqRü puqRü bMm´ü blBdRü Bl´ü mMqRü imqRü imRq´ü rudRü


1. ADRüv ADruv

2. kl´ücrY klaucrY k`laucrY

3. dRüstweI drustweI

4. DRüik Druik

5. pVHü prVhu

6. bMmü bMimau

7. Bl´ü Bilau

8. imRq´ü miriqau



j. pYrIN ‘ U’

{ ¨ } A special 'dulainkarh

' character that is placed under a "Paireen" character (charcater at the bottom of another charcater) has been used 20 times. This situation does not occur in modern Punjabi. Such words are as follows:


1. Ak®¨ru AkrUru

2. k®¨r krUr

3. QRïtit QrUitit

4. DR¨ DrU

5. DRÄ DrUA



3.0 do lgW mwqrW (Dual Syllables)

A combination of 'Aunkarh' & "Haurhaa' is not used in modern Punjabi, but has been used in Siri Guru Granth Sahib text. Such words are as follows:

AMcluo AMimRquo Anidnuo Amuolu eykuo srbsuo swgruo suo suoien suoeI suohMdw suohMdI suohwgix suohwgxI suohwgin suohwvY suohylw suojwxw huoeI huoqy kuotvwrI gnuo guoAwlw guosweI guosweIAw guopwl guopwlw guoibMd guoibMdu guoibMdy guoivMd guoivMdu cuorwey jhwnuo jgdIsuorw jwluo juo juoAwnI juonIAY juolwhw fuolwieAw fuolweI quoih quohI quolwiesI quolwhw quolwvY duoAwlY duohwgix Dnuo nwmuo inrmluo pCuoqwvY prvwnuo ibbykuo buolweIAw buolwn BXuo Buogvq BuogvY BuolwieAw Buolwey mwnorQuo imAwnuo mukquo muoih muohwrw muoin muonI muoil luokweI luokwnI luocwnI luoBwie luoBweIAw luoBwnu luoBwnw luoBwvih luoVydw luoVydw ieHnW SbdW dw aucwrx { uo } donW lgW dI imlvIN Avwj ivc krnw hY[

Gurbani Ucharan - Module 2-2 Page 53


MODULE 2-2

Content 1.0 gurbwxI dw SuD aucwrx (Correct Pronunciation)

a) SbdW dw SuD aucwrn b) ‘Aau’ Sbd dw aucwrx c) AwKrI A`Kr nwl suAr dw lMmyrw aucwrx d) dUhrI DunI vwly ivAMjn e) ‘X’ A`Kr f) ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-part 2 Module 2-2: Pronunciation of Consonants in Words

1.0 gurbwxI dw SuD aucwrx (Correct Pronunciation) gurbwxI dw Su`D aucwrx ArQW ƒ mu`K rKky ies pRkwr hY;

The correct pronunciations of word in Gurbani in related to the meanings are as follows;

a) SbdW dw SuD aucwrn gurbwxI dw hr iek Sbd gurU swihb jI dy aupdyS dw AMg hY[ ies krky gurbwxI aucwrx smyN swfw pUrw iDAwn ies dy TIk Aqy ivcwr sihq aucwrx v`l hoxw AqI zrUrI hY[ Gurbani’s each word is the sermon of Guru Ji therefore the pronunciation of each word must be accurate. We must carefully utter the words so that the meaning is reflected correctly as well

SuD aucwrx

ArQ ASuD aucwrx

ArQ

1 pRhux pRwhuxw pwhun p`Qr 2 bgul bgulw bgl moFy dy Q`ly

dI QW 3 ibrK ru`K ibRK b`ld 4 kuicl mYl kucl kuclnw 5 jau jykr jo jyhVw 6 imlIjY imlnw mlIjY ml dyxw 7 ijh ijs jh ijQy 8 gwvwie gONaudw gvwie gvw dyxw 9 pieAwly pwqwl ipAwly brqn

10 DirjY DIrj kro DrIjY r`K dyvo 11 Aghu A-ghu (pkiVAw

nw jwieN) AghuN swhmxy v`l



swƒ hr mwqrw dw aucwrx ilKy Anuswr hI krnw cwhIdw hY[ (jykr ieh mwqrw ivAwkwrixk/ArQAwqmk hY qW aucwrx nhIN krdy)[

lGU mwqrw dw dIrG mwqrw Aqy dIrG mwqrw dw lGU mwqrw vWg aucwrx nhIN kr skdy[ieh ASu`D aucwrx hovygw[ swƒ hr mwqrw dw TIk aucwrx krnw cwhIdw hY Aqy AsIN iksy mwqrw dw koloN vDw ky jW C`f ky aucwrn nhIN kr skdy[ lWvW dw dulWvW, ishwrI dw ibhwrI, hoVy dw knOVw, AONkV dw dulYNkVy Aqy iesy qrHW aulty rUpW ivc mwqrw dw aucwrxw ASu`D hY[

ijvyN:- rKy dw rKY, Bgiq dw BgqI, duD dw dUD, mol dw mOl Awid[

b) ‘Aau’ Sbd dw aucwrx

‘Aau’ ijhVy SbdW ivc AwauNdw hYY, auhnW dw aucwrx sUKSm kIqw jwvygw[ ijvyN:-AauqrY=AOqrY[ pr aucwrx AauqrY qoN bhuq AMqr nw hovy[ smJwax vwsqy ‘AO’ hI ilKxw pY irhw hY[ iesy qrHW ‘kaun’ dw aucwrx kOn (mukqw dw ‘A’ Aqy au imlwky kO) kIqw jWdw hY[ pr ‘AO’ dI DunI ƒ lmkwA ky nhIN aucwrxw [ iesy qrHW pauVI, qau, sMBau, swcau, pihsAau Awid dw aucwrx kro[

not:- gurbwxI ivc ‘AO’ dI QW ‘Aau’ ilKq imldI hY[ AOgx /Aaugx, AauKDu/AOKD, kOVI/kauVI[

c) AwKrI A`Kr nwl suAr dw lMmyrw aucwrx AwKrI A`Kr nwl AweI sÍr lMmyrI aucwrdy hW[ jie, Bie, sie, pie Awid[ Prau, dIau, auie, koie, jIie Awid lMmyrI DunI krky aucwry jWdy hn[ The last consonant with syllable e, a shall be uttered in a lengthy manner.



d) dUhrI DunI vwly ivAMjn

ivAMjn A`KrW ivcoN bhuqy kyvl iek`lI iek`lI DunI dy lKwiek hn, pr kuJ A`Kr Aijhy vI hn ijnW dIAW do do DunIAW hn, ijvyN[ Normally each consonant has a dedicated sound except for the following consonants has dual sound in pronunciation;

G J F D B s K g j P l

i. ‘G’, ‘J’, ‘F’, ‘D’ Aqy ‘B’ dw aucwrx

jykr Sbd dy ArMB ivc hox qW AwpxI DunI dyNdy hn[ ijvyN:- If any word STARTS with one of these letters above, then pronounce these letters in its original sound. Eg: GuimAwr JwVU FolkI Dylw BWfw jykr ieh A`Kr iksy Sbd dy ivcwly jW AMq ivc Awaux qW G=gH(in`G),F=fH (gMF), D=dH(du`D),B=bH (jyb)[ If the word ENDS with any of these letters or these letters appear in the MIDDLE of the word, then pronounce the letter using the sound of their earlier letter in the word. Eg m`Gr would be pronounce as mgr



Sbd aucwrx Sbd aucwrx FwFI FwfHI in`G ingH gMF gMfH du`D dudH sB sbH swD swdH

AwDwr AwdHwr buJ bujH EFwny EfHny AMB AMbH AMDkwr AMdHkwr BwBI BwbHI gMDx gMdHx aurJwvih aurjHwvih

ii. ‘s’, ‘K’, ‘g’, ‘j’ Aqy ‘P’ dw aucwrx

ieh AKrW dw aucwrx bdldw jdoN Sbd ArbI, &wrsI, aurdU dw hovy, ijvyN; S (sh) ^ (khe) Z (ge) z (z) & (f)

gurbwxI ivc kuJ Sbd &wrsI bolI dy hn ijvyN; Xk Arj guPqm pyis qo dr gos kun krqwr ]

hkw kbIr krIm qU byAYb prvdgwr ]1] dunIAw mukwmy PwnI qhkIk idl dwnI ]

mm sr mUie AjrweIl igrPqh idl hyic n dwnI ]1] rhwau ] jn ipsr pdr ibrwdrW ks nys dsqMgIr ]

AwiKr ibAPqm ks n dwrd cUM svd qkbIr ]2] sb roj gsqm dr hvw krdym bdI iKAwl ]

gwhy n nykI kwr krdm mm eIN icnI Ahvwl ]3] bdbKq hm cu bKIl gwiPl bynjr bybwk ]

nwnk bugoXd jnu qurw qyry cwkrW pw Kwk ]4]1] (721-8, iqlµg, mhlw 1)



Sbd aucwrx Sbd aucwrx Arj Arz guPqm gu&qm gos goS PwnI &wnI

igrPqh igr&qh jn zn ibAPqm ibA&qm svd Sv`d

sb Sb roj roz gsqm gSqm iKAwl iÂwl bdbKq bdb^q bKIl bÎl gwiPl gwi&l bynjr bynzr Kwk ^wk

iii. Sbd Byd

d Aqy D, f Aqy F DunI spSt aucwrx krnI zrUrI hY ikayuYNik DunI ivc &rk pYx nwl ArQ bdl jWdy hn[ ijvyN:- gMd (dirt) /gMD ( uSbU), m`D (ivcwly) / md (Srwb), audwr icq (dwnI) / auDwr dyxw, swfy(Apuny) / swFy (½) cwr mItr, v`fI BYx/v`FI (irSvq) lYxI, fwhy(thirst) / Fwhy (demolish) Awid[

iv. ‘l’ A`Kr dw aucwrx ‘l’ A`Kr dIAW do DunIAW hn, iek DunI dw aucwrx bu`t auqy huMdw hY Aqy dUjI dw kTor qwlU auqy, ijvyN;

iek AwpIn@Y pqlI sh kyry bolw

Sbd

] (794-18, sUhI, PrId jI)

ArQ SuD aucwrx

bolw bol bcn ‘l’ dw aucwrx bu`t qoN



mwieAwDwrI Aiq AMnw bolw

Sbd

] (313-17, gauVI kI vwr, mhlw 3)

ArQ SuD aucwrx

bolw bol bcn ‘l’ dw aucwrx qwlU qoN

ijnw gurisKw kau hir sMqustu hY iqnI siqgur kI gl

Sbd

mMnI ] (591-1, vfhMsu, mhlw 3)

ArQ SuD aucwrx

gl bwq ‘l’ dw aucwrx bu`t qoN

duXY Bwie ivgucIAY gil

Sbd

peIsu jm kI Pws ] (134-7, mWJ, mhlw 5)

ArQ SuD aucwrx

gil grdn ivc ‘l’ dw aucwrx qwlU qoN

Kl

Sbd

mUrK qy pMifqu kirbo pMifq qy mugDwrI ]3] (1252-6, swrMg, kbIr jI)

ArQ SuD aucwrx

Kl mUrK ‘l’ dw aucwrx bu`t qoN

kwcI srsauN pyil kY nw Kil

Sbd

BeI n qylu ]240] (1377-11, slok, kbIr jIau)

ArQ SuD aucwrx

Kil PUs, cmVI ‘l’ dw aucwrx qwlU qoN



e) ‘X’ A`Kr i. gurbwxI dI ilKq ivc SbdW dw ArMBk ‘X’ ivAMjn

DunI pRgtwauNdw hY[ ii. SbdW dw ivckwrlw Aqy AMqlw ‘X’ suAr dy qOr qy

AwauNdw hY; pUry rUp (X) ivc vI, AD-kty ( Î) ivc vI Aqy pYr-icMn rUp ( ´ ) ivc vI[

iii. suAr ‘X’ dI DunI swrIAW QWvy iek-swr nhIN huMdI ; v`K-v`K SbdW ivc &rko-&rkI (vKrw) hY

iv. sAr ‘X’ dy bdl ivc v`K v`K lgmwqRI suArW vrqoN huMdIAW hn[

f) ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx

i. AwrMB ivc ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx

‘X’ A`Kr ivAMjn vI hY Aqy A`D-suAr (semi-vowel) vI[ jdoN ‘X’ A`Kr iksy Sbd dy AwrMB ivc Awvy qW qwlU qoN bolI jwx vwlI ivAMjn DunI dw lKwiek huMdw hY ijvyN;

Xwr Xh Xk XwrW Xmunw Xog XqIm XkIn

ii. AMq ivc ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx

i. ‘X’ mukqw Aqy mukqw A`Kr qoN bwAd

suAr ‘X’ SuD aucwrn lgmwqRI bdl 1. jX jY X = Y 2. mX mY X = Y 3. BX BY / Bie X = Y (ie) 4. dX d X = Y



ii. ‘X’ mukqw ƒ ‘A’ mukqw dw aucwrx

suAr ‘X’ SuD aucwrn lgmwqRI bdl 1. gunIX gunIA X = A 2. rmxIX rmxIA X = A

iii. ‘X’ A`Kr ƒ lgU lg-mwqR

suAr ‘X’ SuD aucwrn lgmwqRI bdl 1. diX deIie X = eI + ie 2. dXu deIau X = eI + a 3. cwX cwie X = ie 4. quXM quieAM X = ie + A

iv. ‘X’ A`Kr ƒ dIrG lg-mwqR

suAr ‘X’ SuD aucwrn lgmwqRI bdl 1. BXw BieAw*

BeIAw X = ie + A X = eI + A

2. pXw pieAw X = ie + A 3. dXY deIAY X = eI + A 4. AXo AieE X = ie + E 5. jXo jieE X = ie + E 6. kwXw kwieAW X = ie + A 7. duXw duieAw X = ie + A 8. duXI duieeI X = ie + e 9. muXy mueIey X = eI + e 10. duXY duieAY X = ie + A



iii. mD ivc ‘X’ A`Kr dw aucwrx

pr jdoN ‘X’ iksy Sbd dy ivckwr ivc Awvy jW iksy A`Kr dy pYr ivc Awvy qW ieh suAr jW lg rUp ivc huMdw hY[

i. ‘X’ mukqw Aqy mukqw A`Kr qoN bwAd

suAr ‘X’ SuD aucwrn lgmwqRI bdl 1. bXx bYx (biex) X = Y (ie) 2. mXh mieAh X = ie + A 3. nXix nYx X = Y 4 bXix bYix X = Y

ii. ‘X’ A`Kr ƒ dIrG lg-mwqR

suAr ‘X’ SuD aucwrn lgmwqRI bdl 1. kwXau kwieAau X = ie + A 2. BYXwn BYieAwn X = ie + A 3. DwXMqy DwieAMqy X = ie + A

4. AXwnw AieAwnw X = ie + A

iv. ‘X’ A`Kr dw ArQ Byd

gurbwxI ivc Awey ieko ijhI bxqr vwly SbdW ivc suAr ‘X’ dw bdlvW lg-mwqRI rUp v`K-v`K QweIN sMbMDq SbdW dy ADwr qy &rko &rkI bxdw hY[ Aijhy kuJ Sbd qy auhnW dw bdlvW lg-mwqRI rUp Q`ly id`qw jWdw hY[ sbd AMg aucwrn ArQ 1. BXw 137 BieAw ho igAw 2. BXw 137 BeIAw BweI/Brw



PRONUNCIATIONS OF YEYA LETTER

pwT

XXy A`KrW dw aucwrn

aucwrx ArQ duXw duieAw dUjw dXu deIau pyRrk, idAwlU dXY deIAY pyRrk nMU duXY duieAY dYÍq Bwv diX deIie pyRrk, idAwlU duXI duieeI dUjI BXw BeIAw BweI, Brw BYXwn BYieAwn BY dwiek rXiq reIAiq prjw rmXy rmeIey rimAw hoieAw

rmxIX rmxIA suMdr



pwT aucwrx ArQ muXy mueIey ipAwrIey mXh mieAh srUp mX mY srUp pwXM pwieAM pwauxw pXw pieAw peI, ilKq pXwl pieAwl pqwl AXo AieE AwieAw

AXwnw AieAwnw bwlk, A\wxw kwXau kwieAau dyh, srIr quXM quieAM qyrI, qyry qy

DwXMqy DwieAMqy Dwvw krnw idRVMqxÚ idRVMqxh idRVH krnw

cwX cwie auqSwh



pwT aucwrx ArQ nXix nYix nyqR, A~KW bXix bYix bcn jXo jieE jY jY kwr jX jY jY jY kwr



MODULE 2-3

Content 2.0 ‘h’ dy nym (The principal of consonant ‘h’)

3.0 ‘h’ A`Kr dw SuD aucwrx (Pronunciation of ‘h’)

a) ‘h’ A`Kr SbdW dy ArMB ivc[ b) ivckwr Awey ‘h’ vwly SbdW dw aucwrx[ c) SbdW dy AMq ivc ‘h’ A`Kr[

4.0 ivsrg (Ú)


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2 Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’

1. ‘h’ A`Kr krky Sbd joVW leI kuJ ku Kws nym hn:-

a. jy ‘h’ Sbd dy ivckwr Awvy qW pihly A `Kr ƒ lW ( y) lwaux dI QW ishwrI ( i ) lwE, ijvyN ‘myhnq’ dI QW ‘imhnq’, ‘syhq’ dI QW ‘ishq’, ‘jyhVw’ dI QW ‘ijhVw’ ilKo [

If ‘h’ letter comes in between a word, rather then using a lav ‘ y’ on the first letter, sihari ‘i ’ should be used.

b. ‘h’ qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ dulweIAW ( Y ) lwaux dI QW ‘h’ ƒ ishwrI ( i ) lwE, ijvyN ‘SYhr’ dI QW ‘Sihr’, ‘dupYhrw’ dI QW ‘duiphrw’ ilKo[

If ‘h’ letter comes in between a word, rather then using a lav ‘ Yy’ on the letter before ‘h’ letter, sihari ‘i ’ should be used.

c. ‘h’ qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ knOVw ( O ) nw lwE, sgoN aus ƒ mukqw r`Ko qy ‘h’ ƒ AONkV lwE, ijvyN bOhq dI QW bhuq, vOhtI dI QW vhutI, sONh dI QW shuM ilKo [

Do not use ‘ O’ on any letter which comes before ‘h’ letter keep the letter ‘mukqw’ and use the appropriate syllable e.g. sihari ‘i ’ or ‘ u’ and ‘ M’ to replace ‘ N ’ instead.

pr kyhr, Ajyhw, jyhw, gOhr, jOhr, AOh hn [ pVnWv ‘ieh’ qy ‘auyh’ dy iek-vcn (singular) qy bhu-vcn (plural) rUp ieko hI hn[



2. ‘h’ A`Kr dw aucwrx[

aucwrx dy p`KoN ‘h’ A`Kr iDAwn Xog hY ikaNik v`K v`K SbdW ivc vrqINdw hY Aqy ies dI DunI dy TIk-TIk aucwrx au~qy gurbwxI dw SuD aucwrx kw&I h`d qk inrBr krdw hY[

While pronouncing the consonant ‘h’ proper attention must be given to the various sounds produced by ‘h’ in different words which has different combinations of syllables.

i. ‘h’ A`Kr SbdW dy ArMB ivc (consonant ‘h’ in the begining)[

‘h’ A`Kr jdoN iksy Sbd dy ArMB ivc Awvy, BwvyN mukqw jW iksy lgU jW dIrG lg-mwqR sihq, qW ies dw aucwrx ausy qrW dw hI hY ijvyN iliKAW hoieAw hY[ If the consonant ‘h’ appears in the begining of a word then the pronunciation should be in its original sound.

hau hn hir hmwrw hwlu

hoeIAY hY hoir hoie hMsu

hukmy hsIAY ihkmiq ihku hsny

ii. ivckwr Awey ‘h’ vwly SbdW dw aucwrx ( The

pronunciation of consonant ‘h’ in between a word)

a. ‘h’ mukqw Aqy pihlw A`Kr vI mukqw

ivckwr ‘h’, mukqw hovy Aqy ies qoN pihlw A`Kr vI mukqw hovy qW ies pihly A`Kr dw aucwrx dulwvW nwl krdy hW[


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2 Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’ pr iehnW dulwvW dw aucwrx sUKSm krnw hY[ If the

consonant before ‘h’ has no syllable and ‘h’ has no syllable as well then the earlier letter is pronounced with dulava ‘ Y’.

Sbd SuD aucwrn aucwrx syD

1. mhl mYhl mY-hl

2. kumhl kumYhl ku-mYhl

3. ghxw gYhxw gYh-xw

4. shs sYhs sY-hs

5. thl tYhl tY-hl

6. mhlI mYhlI mYh-lI

7. mhliq mYhlq mYh-lq

8. ghx gYhx gY-hx

b. ‘h’ mukqw Aqy pihlw A`Kr ƒ ishwrI hovy[

ivckwr ‘h’ mukqw hovy pr ies qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ ishwrI ( i ) hovy qW aucwrx lwvW ( y ) krdy hW[ If the consonant before ‘h’ has syllable sihari ‘i ’and ‘h’ has no syllable then the earlier letter is pronounced with lav ‘ y’.




1. imhr myhr my-hr

2. ikhr kyhr ky-hr

3. ikhVw kyhVw kyh-Vw

4. ichrw cyhrw cyh-rw

5. ishrw syhrw syh-rw

6. ijhVw jyhVw jyh-Vw

7. ivhVw vyhVw vyh-Vw

8. imhnq myhnq myh-nq

9. ishq syhq sy-hq

c. ‘h’ mukqw Aqy pihlw A`Kr ƒ AONkV hovy[

ivckwr ‘h’ mukqw hovy pr ies qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ AONkV ( u ) hovy qW ieh hoVw aucwrdy hW[

If the consonant before ‘h’ has onkar ‘ u’ and ‘h’ has no syllable then the earlier letter is pronounced with hora ‘ o’.




1. muhxw mohxw moh-xw

2. suhxw sohxw soh-xw

3. duhrw dohrw doh-rw

4. quh&w qoh&w qoh-&w

d. ‘h’ ƒ ishwrI Aqy pihlw A`Kr mukqw hovy[

ivckwr ‘h’ ƒ ishwrI ( i ) pr ies qoN pihlw A`Kr mukqw hovy qW aucwrx dulwvW ( Y ) dw huMdw hY[ If the consonant before ‘h’ has no syllable and ‘h’ has sihari ‘ i ’syllable then the earlier letter is pronounced with ‘ Y’.


1. nihr nYhr nY-ihr

2. zihr zYhr zY-ihr

3. kihxw kYhxw kY-ihxw

4. gihxw gYhxw gY-ihxw

auprokq SbdW ivc ‘h’ qoN pihly A`Kr ƒ dIrG suAr dolwvW sUKSm aucwrx kro Aqy ‘h’ A`Kr dI ishwrI vI bolxI cwhIdI hY[


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2 Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’ The above words add-on syllable ‘ Y’ shall be

pronounced in soft tone and the syllable sihari ‘i ’ on the consonant ‘h’ should be pronounced as well.

e. ‘h’ ƒ AONkV Aqy pihlw A`Kr mukqw hovy[

ivckwr ‘h’ ƒ AONkV ( u ) hovy Aqy ies qoN pihlw A`Kr mukqw hovy qW ‘h’ mukqw Aqy pihly A`Kr ƒ knOVw ( O ) nwl aucwrdy hW[ If the consonant before ‘h’ has no syllable and ‘h’ has onkar ‘ u’ syllable then the earlier letter is pronounced with kenora ‘ O ’.


1. vhutI vOhtI vOh-tI

2. bhuqw bOhqw bOh-qw

3. shurw sOhrw sOh-rw

4. mhurw mOhrw mOh-rw

iii. SbdW dy AMq ivc ‘h’ A`Kr[ a. ‘h’ mukqw

AMq ivc ‘h’ mukqw Aqy aus qoN pihlw A`Kr vI mukqw hovy[ If the consonant before ‘h’ has no syllable and ‘h’ has no syllable as well, then the earlier letter is pronounced with dulava ‘ Y ’.




1. punh punYh pu-nYh

2. jgdIsurh jgdIsurYh jgdIsurYh

3. AMDh AMDYh AM-DYh

4. dUqh dUqYh dU-qYh

5. lfwvh lfwvYh lfw-vYh

6. pRiqpwlkh pRiqpwlkYh pRiqpwl-kYh

7. aurDh aurDYh aur-DYh

8. kyhrh kyhrYh kyh-rYh

b. AMq vwly ‘h’ qoN pihlW ‘A’ A`Kr[

AMq ivc ‘h’ mukqw Aqy aus qoN pihlW ‘A’ hovy:-loAh Aqy AwroAh - hoVw lmkwA ky aucwro Aqy ‘h’ sUKSm aucwro[ bfVwgIAh, lwjIAh[ - iesy qrHW ibhwrI lmkwA ky Aqy h aucwro[

If the consonant before ‘h’ is a vowel ‘A’ then the big (dIrG) syllable on the earlier consonant is is pronounced in a lengthy tone.



c. AMq vwly ‘h’ qy kMnw[

AMq ivc h kMny nwl;

Sbd ArQ

gwhw gweIey

jwhw jweIey

pwhw pweIey

lwhw lhIey

Arpwhw ArpIey

smwhw smweIey

d. AMq ivc Awey ‘ih’ dw aucwrx

ieih, Aih dw aucwrx iesy rUp ivc kIqw jWdw hY[ jdoN Sbd dy AMqly ‘ih’ pihly A`Kr ƒ koeI suAr lgw hovy qW ‘h’ A`Kr dy Awpxy suArI gux dy kwrn AMqly lgU suAr ( i ) dI DunI swDwrn nwloN kuJ vDyry lMmI ho jwieAw krdI hY[When the consonant ‘h’ appears with an sihari ‘i ’ and the earlier consonant or vowel has a syllable then the sound of ‘ih’ becomes lengthy naturally.

ieih Awih kwih Asnyih moih muih qoih poih


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2 Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’ aupRokq SbdW dw aucwrx kridAW AMqly ‘h’ ƒ l`gy suAr

( i ) dI DunI ƒ k`s ky bolxw cwhIdw hY, qW jo ieh lW ( y) dI DunI nw bx jwvy[ It should be noted that while pronouncing the ‘ih’ tone must be precise (by putting in some stress) so that the sound does not reflect the sound of lav ‘ y’syllable.

AMqly ‘h’ ƒ l`gI ishwrI dI DunI G`t lMmI kIqI jw skdI hY, jy pihly A`Kr ƒ l`gI dIrG lg-mwqR dI DunI ƒ kuJ hor lmkwA ky ‘h’ dI pRwxqw (aspiration) ƒ k`s ky CìfAw jwvy[ The pronounciation of the syllable sihari ‘i ‘on the consonant ‘h’ can be shorten by stressing on the big ‘dIrG’ syllable on the earlier consonant or vowel.

e. AMq ivc ‘h’ ƒ AONkV l`gw hovy Sbd aucwrx 1. ivchu ivchou 2. BMfhu BMfhou 3. AMdrhu AMdrhou 4. Arshu Arshou 5. kurshu kurshuo 6. srIrhu srIrhou 7. suKhu suKhuo 8. ivthu ivthou 9. suxhu suxhou 10. jwghu jwghou 11. bwJhu bwJhuo 12. mMinhu mMinhuo


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2 Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’ 13. kwblhu kwblhuo

14. muKhu muKhuo 15. hQhu hQhuo 16. dUrhu dUrhuo isDWq:-‘hu’ jd Sbd dy AMq ivc hovy Aqy ies dw aucwrx krnw hY qW ‘h’ dy nwl sUKSm hoVw ( o) dw aucwrx kro[‘ho’ DunI krnI ASu`D hY[ ijvyN:- bhou, khuo ƒ aucwrdy hW[ In order to pronounce ‘hu’ at the end of a word, the syllable hora ‘ o’shall be used in a soft tone which reflects the sound in between of an onkar ‘ u’ and hora ‘ o’.

f. iekihry Aqy dUhry ‘h’ dI DunI dw prspr &rk[ The difference in sound between a single and a double ‘h’. nWv (Noun) Sbd iek`lw ‘h’ dUhrw ‘h’ 1. rwhu rwhhu 2. isAwhu isAwhhu 3. swhu swhhu iek`lw ‘h’ Q`ly AMkq AONkV krqw (creator) kwrk (case) Aqy krm (subject) kwrk dw iek-vcnI (singular) kwrk-icMnH hY, ijs dw aucwrx nwskqw (nasal sound) qoN bgYr hY, jd ik dUhry ‘h’ dy Sbd ivc AMqlw ‘hu’ Apwdwn kwrk (Ablative*) dw iek-vcnI (singular) kwrk-icMnH hY, ijs dw aucwrx nwskI


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-PART 2 Module 2-3: Pronunciation of Consonant ‘h’ hY[*(Ablative :- denoting a case of nouns, pronouns, and

adjectives indicating the agent in passive sentences or the instrument, manner, or place of the action described by the verb) ikirAw (Verb) Sbd iek`lw ‘h’ dUhrw ‘h’ 1. khu khhu 2. bhu bhhu 3. rhu rhhu 4. shu shhu iek`lw ‘h’ Q`ly AMkq AONkV hY ijs duAwrw DwqUAW qoN hukmI Biv`Kq kwl (future tense), m`Dm purK, iek-vcn dIAW ikirAW bxIAW hn, jd ik dUhry ‘h’ dy Sbd ivc AMqlw ‘hu’ ijs duAwrw DwqUAW qoN hukmI Biv`Kq kwl, m`Dm purK, bhu-vcn (plural) dIAW ikirAW bxIAW hn [ incoV: ‘khu’ Aqy ‘khuh’ iehnW do iksmW dy sbdW dy aucwrx ivc &rk kyvl iekihry Aqy dUhry ‘h’ A`Kr dy DunI -bl dw hY[ iekihry ‘h’ dI DunI nwloN dUhry ‘h’ dI DunI Av`S hI BrvIN, pRbl Aqy lMmyrI hovygI[ Summary: The difference between in pronunciation of a single and double consonant ‘h’ is that double ‘h’ is pronounced in greater emphasis which doubles the sound of a single ‘h’.



3. ivsrg (Ú)

gurbwxI AMdr ‘gwQw’ nwm dI bwxI AMdr kuJ SbdW dy AMq ivc au~pr-Q`ly Coty Coty do c`krW vwly icMn (Ú) ijvyN ‘semi-colon’ dw icMn huMdw hY[ ies icMnH ƒ nwgrI il`pI ivc ‘ivsrg’ khIdw hY Aqy ies dw aucwrx koml ‘h’ dI DunI smwn huMdw hY[ hyT ilKy kuJ Sbd ijMnHW ivc ies icMnH dI vrqoN kIqI imldI hY;

Sbd aucwrx

1. idRVMqxÚ idRVMqxh

2. ilKx´Ú ilKixAh

3. sMpUrxÚ sMpUrxh

4. rMgxÚ rMgxh

ivsrg dI vrqoN rwgW ivcwly isrlyKW ivc vI kIqI hY, ijvyN ‘mÚ’ ijs dw aucwrx ‘mh`lw’ krIdw hY[

Sbd aucwrx

1. mÚ 1 mh`lw pihlw

2. mÚ 2 mh`lw dUjw

3. mÚ 3 mh`lw qIjw

4. mÚ 4 mh`lw cOQw

5. mÚ 5 mh`lw pMjvw



MODULE 2-4

Content 1.0 gurbwxI dy isrlyK (Pronunciation of Gurbani Titles)

2.0 suD (Sudh)

3.0 SbdW dI smwpqI dy AMk (Numbers at End of Shabad)


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan-part 2 Module 2-4: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Titles , Sudh & Numbers

1. gurbwxI dy isrlyK

a. mhlw dw aucwrn

sRI gurU gRMQ swihb jI ivc ij`Qy vI Awvy mhlw ƒ ‘mh`lw’ hI aucwrx krnw cwhIdw hY ikauNik ‘mh`lw’ puilMg Sbd hY Aqy aucwrx ivc mh`lw pihlw, dUjw, qIjw, cOQw, pMjvW Aqy nwvW puilMg Sbd[ mh`lw dw ArQ sMsikRq ivc srUp hY Aqy ArbI ivc bwdSwh hY[ gurbwxI ivc ies Sbd nwl gurU swihbwn ƒ jxwieAw igAw hY[

Mahla word must be pronounced as Mahla and not Mehla wherever it appears in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji. This word denotes the Guru who have uttered the particular Shabad therefore it refers to a Guru therefore Mahla word is masculine. In various occasions in Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Guru Ji wrote in words the pronounciation of the number in word’s such as Pahla, Duja, Tija, Choutha, Panjwa and Nava’n.

b. isr-lyK SbdW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Titles)

isr-lyK aucwrx ArQ

1 <> iek E-AM-kwr siqgur pRswid ]

2 AwrqI AwrqI AwrqI Sbd

3 AlwhxIAw AlwhxIAW imRqk gIq

4 AnMd AnMd pRsMnqw

5 AMjlI / AMjlIAW AMjlI / AMjlIAW bynqIAW



6 AstpdIAW AstpdIAW A`T pOVIAW

7 iek quky iek quky iek quk vwly Sbd

8 eyk suAwn ky Gr gwvxw

eyk suAwn ky Gr gwvxw

Sbd dI qwr hY

9 sodr sodr auh dr

10 so purK so purK so vwihgurU

11 soihlw soihlw js gwauxw

12 solhy solhy CMd mwqR gIq

12 suD su`D suD kIqI hoeI

14 suD kIcy su`D kIcy suD kIqI hoeI

15 suDMg su-DMg suD krky gwE

16 sucjI suc`jI / su-cjI cMgy Awcrn vwlI iesqRI

17 sd s`d AKIrI s`dw

18 isD gosit isD gosit isD -is`DIAW vwly, goSt-pRSn auqr crcw

19 sbd sbd Sbd

20 suKmnI suK-mnI su`KW dI mnI



21 slok slok CMd dw nwm

22 slok shsikRqI slok shs-kirqI hjwrW hI js

23 slok vwrW qy vDIk slok vwrW qy vDIk

vwr ivc iek pauVI nwl do slok

24 svXy / sveIey sveIey

25 sorTy sor-Ty

26 kucjI kuc`jI / ku-cjI BYVI iesqRI

27 kwPI kwPI

28 krhly kr-hly au~dm

29 guxvMqI gux-vMqI guxW vwlI iesqRI

30 gwQw gwQw CMd dw nwm

31 GoVIAw GoVIAW ivAwh smy dy gIq

32 Gr Gr sur-qwl

33 cauboly cau-boly 4 pdW dw Sbd

34 iCpdy iC-pdy 4 pdW dw Sbd

35 iCMj iCMj

36 CMq CMnq CMq CMnq js



37 jiq (ibrhVy Gru 4 CMqw kI jiq)

j~iq CMqW dI Dwrnw

38 fKxy fKxy isMDI BwKw (BwSw) ivc slok

39 iQqI iQqI iq`QW duAwrw aucwrI

40 idn rYx idn rYx idn rwq duAwrw aucwrI

41 dKnI / dKxI EAMkwr dKnI / dKxI EAMkwr

35 A`KrW duAwrw aucwrI

42 Dunw Dunw Dun

43 pauVI pauVI iek pd dw nwm

44 phry phry pihrW duAwrw aucwrI

45 pihirAW ky Gr gwvxw pihirAW ky Gr gwvxw

46 pVqwl pVqwl gaux dI syD

47 ptI / ptI ilKI p`tI / p`tI ilKI A`KrW duAwrw aucwrI

48 pdy / pdw pdy / pdw Sbd



49 Punhy Punhy bwrMbwr

50 bwvn AKrI bwvn AKrI A`KrW duAwrw aucwrI

51 ibrhVy ibrhVy vYrwg vwlI cwl

52 bwrh mwh bwrw mwh 12 mhIinAW duAwrw aucwrI

53 mMgl mMgl KuSI

54 mhl mh`l srUp / pwqswh

55 muMdwvxI muMdwvxI bujwrq

56 XwnVIey kY Gr gwvxw XwnVIey kY Gr gwvxw

3 qwr ivc gwauxw

57 ruqI ruqI 6 ruqW duAwrw aupdyS

58 rwg rwg rwg

59 rhoey kY CMqw ky Gr rhoey kY CMqw ky Gr

60 rhwau rhwau iesiQq, Atko

61 Lwvw lwvW ivvwh dy Sbd

62 vwr vwr js

63 vwr 7 / vwr sq vwr 7 / vwr s`q



c. sMDI Sbd (Joint Words)

gurbwxI ivc isr-lyK ivc pdy/quky vI drswey gey hn, ijvyN;

The titles in Gurbani which specifies the numbers of stanza are as follow;

Ssd aucwrx ArQ

1. AstpdIAw Ast-pdIAw A`T pdy

2 dupdy du-pdy 2 pdy

3 iqpdy iq-pdy 3 pdy

4 caupdy cau-pdy 4 pdy

5 pMcpdy pMc-pdy 5 pdy

6 iCpdy iC-pdy 6 pdy

7 iekqukw iek-qukw 1 quk

8 duquky du-quky 2 quky

9 iqquky iq-quky 3 quky

10 cauquky cau-quky 4 quky

d. AMkW dw aucwrn

gurbwxI dy isrlyK ivc Awey AMkW dw aucwrx krnw bhuq jrUrI hY, ikauNik ieh AMk gurbwxI dy krqw ƒ drswauNdy hn, rwg dy sur-qwl dy Gr drswauNdy hn Aqy swDwrx sMiKAw ivSySx vI hn[ It is important to read the stated numbers correctly



because the numbers represent the composer and also the Raga tune and beat in which the shabad is uttered.

i. gurbwxI krqw (Gurbani Composers)

gurU swihbwn ny gurbwxI dy isrlyK ivc ieh drswieAw ik ieh bwxI ikhVy srUp ivc aucwrx kIqI geI hY[ jo AMk mh`ly nwl ilKy hn, auh gurU swihbwn ƒ jxwaudy hn[ ies leI iehnW dw aucwrx hyT ilKy Anuswr kIqw jWdw hY;

The numbers written after Mahla denotes the Guru who have composed the particular shabad, therefore it should be uttered as follows;

Sbd aucwrx

1. mhlw 1 mh`lw pihlw

2. mhlw 2 mh`lw dUjw

3. mhlw 3 mh`lw qIjw

4. mhlw 4 mh`lw cOQw

5. mhlw 5 mh`lw pMjvw

6. mhlw 9 mh`lw nWvw

7. pauVI nvI pauVI mÚ 5 nvIN

8.

mh`lw pMjvW

soriT 5 soriT pMjvW

9. mrdwnw 1 mrdwnw pihlw



ii. pYrW vwly AMk (Number written below the Wods)

gurbwxI ivc keI QwvW qy mhly dy pYr ivc AMk ilKy hoey hn ijvyN[ ienW dw aucwrx nhIN krnw;

In Gurbani there are some titles which has subscript numbers written below the word but this numbers should not be read;

Sbd vyrvw

pRBwqI mhlw 3 mh`ly hyTlw 5 AMk dw Bwv ieh hY ik ieh Sbd pMjvyN gurU swihb jI ny vI aucwirAw hY qy qIjy gurU swihb jI dw vI pihlW aucwirAw hoieAw sI[ qIjy gurU swihb jI dw muK rìKAw Aqy pWjw hyT dy idqw hY[

rwgu gauVI pUrbI, mhlw 5

rwg dIAw jwqIAW dy pRkwr

rwgu gauVI pUrbI, mhlw 5


rwgu gauVI cyqI, mhlw 5


rwgu gauVI mwlw, mhlw 5


rwgu gauVI mwJ, mhlw 5


5

1

1

1

1

1



rwgu gauVI mwJ, mhlw 5


rwgu gauVI CMq, mhlw 5


rwgu gauVI bYrwgix, kbIr jI


rwgu gauVI pUrbI, kbIr jI


rwgu Awsw Gr 8 ky kwPI mhlw 4


auprokq isr-lyK qoN is`D huMdw hY ky ijQy vI AMk mh`ly dy Q`ly Awvy auh gurU swihb ƒ jxwaudw hY Aqy jy rwg, rwgnI Aqy jwqIAW Q`ly Awvy qW auh auhnW dy iksmW ƒ jxwaudy hn[

Based on the above it can be concluded that if the subscript number appears below Mahla it refers to the composer Guru and if it apprears below the Rag, ragni or its sects then it denotes the respective types.

2

1

1

1

1



iii. rwg dy sur-qwl dy Gr (The Tune and Beat of Rag)

gurbwxI rwgW ivc aucwrx kIqI hY Aqy sur-qwl dy Gr vI drswey gey hn;

Following are the pronunciation of the tune and beat denoted in numbers;

Gru aucwrx Gru aucwrx

Gru 1 Gr pihlw Gru 10 Gr dsvW

Gru 2 Gr dUjw Gru 11 Gr igAwrvW

Gru 3 Gr qIjw Gru 12 Gr bwrvW

Gru 4 Gr cOQw Gru 13 Gr qyrvW

Gru 5 Gr pMjvW Gru 14 Gr cOdvW

Gru 6 Gr CyvW Gru 15 Gr pMdrvW

Gru 7 Gr sqvW Gru 16 Gr solvW

Gru 8 Gr ATvW Gru 17 Gr sqwrvW

Gru 9 Gr nwvW



iv. rwg Aqy sur-qwl dw aucwrx (The Pornunciation of Title)

isr-lyK

1. Awsw , Gru 9 ; mhlw 5

2. Awsw , Gru 11 ; mhlw 5

3. rwgu Awsw , mhlw 5 ; Gru 12

4. rwgu Awsw , mhlw 5. ; Gru 13

5. Awsw , mhlw 5 ; Gru 14

6. Awsw , mhlw 5 ; Gru 15 , pVqwl

7. gUjrI , mhlw 3 ; Gru 1

v. AMk Aqy Sbd rUp ivc AMk (boly jwx vwly) (The Numbers in Words - which should be read)

keI isrlyKW ivc ‘mhlw’ AQvw Gr nwl id`qw sMkyq AMkW ivc dy ky nwl SbdW ivc vI aucwrx dI syD dyx leI idqw hoieAw hY, ijvyN;

In some titles Guru Ji has written the numbers in words as a guide for the pronunciation and this words must be read after a short punctuation.



vi. AMk Aqy

vii.

viii. AMkAMk Aqy Sbd rUp ivc AMk (nhIN boly jwx vwly) (The Numbers in Words - which should not be read)

Sbd aucwrx AMg

1 rwgu isrIrwgu , mhlw pihlw 1 ; Gru 1 ]

(mh`lw pihlw qoN bwd ‘1’ nhIN bolxw)

14

2 vfhMsu , mhlw 3; mhlw qIjw mhlw qIjw nhIN bolxw (A`KrW ivc mhlw qIjw ilK bolx dI syD idqI hYY)

582

Sbd aucwrx AMg

1 gUjrI mhlw 3 qIjw qIjw do vwr pVHxw

492

2 DnwsrI mhlw 3 qIjw qIjw do vwr pVHxw

664

3 gauVI guAwryrI mhlw 4 cauQw cauQw do vwr pVHxw

163

4 soriT mhlw 4 cauQw cauQw do vwr pVHxw

605

5 bsMq mhlw 3 qIjw qIjw do vwr pVHxw

1168



3 soriT mhlw 1 duqukI pihlw pihlw nhIN bolxw

636

4 sveIey mhly pihly ky 1 ‘1’ nhIN bolxw 1389

5 sveIey mhly dUjy ky 2 ‘2’ nhIN bolxw 1391

6 sveIey mhly qIjy ky 3 ‘3’ nhIN bolxw 1392

7 sveIey mhly cauQy ky 4 ‘4’ nhIN bolxw 1396

8 sveIey mhly pMjvyN ky 5 ‘5’ nhIN bolxw 1406

ix. Sbd Anuswr AMkW dw aucwrx (The Pronunciation of Number in accordance to the Syllable of the Title)

Sbd aucwrx

1. rwgu Awsw Gru 8 ky kwPI mhlw 4

rwgu Awsw Gru ATvyN

2.

ky kwPI mh`lw 4

rwgu AwswvrI Gru 16 rwgu AwswvrI Gru ky 2 mhlw 4 suDMg

solHvyN ky do

3.

mh`lw 4 suDMg

Awsw mhlw 5 duquky 9 Awsw mh`lw pMjvW du-quky

4.

nON

Awsw mhlw 5 dupdw 1 Awsw mh`lw pMjvW du-pdw

5.

iek

rwg ibhwgVw caupdy mhlw 5 Gru 2 dy

rwg ibhwgVw caupdy mh`lw pMjvW Gru dUj

6.

y dy

rwg soriT vwr mhly 4 kI rwg soriT vwr mh`ly cauQy kI



x. sMiKAw ivSySx (The Numbers for Count)

i. SbdW dI igxqI (The Count of Shabad)

keI isr-lyKW ivc Kws krky Bgq bwxI ivc iksy ^ws kwiv-SryxI jW iksy ivSyS ‘Gr’ dy SbdW dI kul igxqI dw sMkyq vI SbdW dy isrlyKW ivc imldw hY, ijvyN;

In some Shabads in particular to Bhagat Bani the count of total shabad is written in the title as following;

Sbd aucwrx

1 gauVI sRI kbIr jIau ky caupdy

gauVI sRI kbIr jIau ky cau-pdy 14 cOdW

2

*

Awsw sRI kbIr jIau ky pMcpdy 9 duquky 5

Awsw sRI kbIr jIau ky pMc-pdy nON duquky

3

pMj

mhlw 4 rwgu Awsw Gru 6 ky 3

mh`lw 4 rwgu Awsw Gru CyvyN ky

4

iqMn

Awsw , sRI kbIr jIau ky iqpdy 8 ; duquk

Awsw, sRI kbIr jIau ky y 7 ; iek

qukw 1

iq-pdy A~T, du-quky s~q qy iek qukw

* Aijhy AMg jy swhmxy hox qW pwT smyN aucwrxy hn, jy A`KrW dy crnI hox qW nhIN pVHny[

iek



ii. Ckw (Cheka)

ieh Sbd qy iliKAw iCAw SbdW dw AMq iv`c iliKAw hY, ArQ ienW iCAW dw iek Ckw hY[

The ‘Cheka’ word is written at the end of six shabads therefore it is named as ‘Cheka’ which means six.

Sbd aucwrx AMg

Ckw 1 Ckw ie`k 528-10, 541-17, 862-2, 983-19, 986-6, 1311-19, 1321-6, 1326-19 Aqy 1337-7

iii. SbdW dI igxqI (The count of Shabad)

BgqW dI bwxI ivc keI vwr SbdW dI igxqI AMkw rWhI drsweI hY, ijvyN;

In Bhagat Bani some of the title carries the count of the shabad in the particular Rag of Ragni.

Sbd aucwrx AMg

1. gauVI 9 gauVI nwvIN 337-6

2. gauVI gauVI 336-18

8



e. sMDI Sbd (Joint Word)

gurbwxI ivc isr-lyK ivc pdy/quky vI drswey gey hn, ijvyN;

In Gurbani joint words are used to define the count of the stanza as following;

Ssd aucwrx ArQ

1 AstpdIAw Ast-pdIAw A`T pdy

2 dupdy du-pdy 2 pdy

3 iqpdy iq-pdy 3 pdy

4 caupdy cau-pdy 4 pdy

5 iekqukw iek-qukw 1 quk

6 duquky du-quky 2 quky

7 iqquky iq-quky 3 quky

8 cauquky cau-quky 4 quky

9 cauqukI cau-qukI 4 qukW

10 duqukIAw du-qukIAw 2 quky

11 dupdw du-pdw 2 pdy



2. suD (Sudh)

ies pd ƒ aucwrx krnw hY[ ies dy do ArQ bxdy hn;

a. sMkyq - ies bwxI dw aucwrx Su`D kro[

b. icqwvnI - ieh bwxI Su`D kIqI hoeI hY, koeI soDx leI klm nw cùky[

3. SbdW dI smwpqI dy AMk (The numbers in the end of Shabad)

i. SbdW ivc igxqI

ikqy ikqy gurU swihbwn ny Awp hI iehnW ‘AMkW’ dw mqlb smJw idqw hY qy, ieh hdwieq AsW hr QW vrq lYxI hY[ imswl dy qOr qy— In some places Guru Ji wrote the total number of Shabad or Stanzas in words as follows;

i. AMg 64, mhly pihly dIAW 17 AStpdIAW mùkx ’qy AMk

17 vrq ky, A`gy iliKAw hY-‘mhly pihly sqwrh AStpdIAW’[

ii. AMg 96, rwg mwJ, caupdy m: 4 mu`kx ’qy AMk 7 ilK ky A`gy iliKAw hY-‘sq caupdy mhly cauQy ky[’

iii. AMg 228, rwg gauVI[ 16 AStpdIAW dy AÎr ’qy AMk 16 dy ky iliKAw hY- ‘solh AStpdIAW guAwryrI gauVI kIAW[’

iv. AMg 330, rwg gauVI[ kbIr jI dy SbdW dy AÎr ’qy AMk 35 ilK ky-‘gauVI guAwryrI ky pdy pYqIs[’



4. jumlw (Jumlah means Total)

ieh pd ikqy ikqy bwxI dy AMq ivc iliKAw hY[ ijs dw ArQ hY ‘vfw joV’[ ieh lPj PwrsI jubwn dw hY ijs dw Bwv hY ky auprly sbdW dw joV, jo A`gy AMgW ivc spSt iliKAw hY[ (AMg 242-5)

This is written in Gurbani at the end which means grand total, this word is originated from a Persian language which denotes the total number of Shabads.



MODULE 2-5

Content 1.0 qukW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Lines)

2.0 pidAW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Stanza)

3.0 juVq pdW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Joint Words)

4.0 sMDI Sbd dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Combined Words)

5.0 SbdW dw SuD aucwrx (The Correct Pronunciation of

Words)


Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji Academy gurbwxI aucwrx - Gurbani Ucharan – PART 2 Module 2-5: Pronuntiation of Gurbani Shabads

1. qukW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Lines)

duqukI Aqy cauqukI pidAW dw aucwrx srl huMdw hY ikaNik do-do pMgqIAW (qukW) dw aucwrx iek`Tw kIqw jw skdw hY, pr iqqukI pidAW dy aucwrx sur dI qwn qIjI quk qy Aw qoVnI cwhIdI hY[

The reading of two and four lines of a stanza is easy as two lines can be read in a set but the reading of three lines is difficult as the reading tune must be continuous for the three lines.

hukmnwmw lYx lìgAW Awm qOr qy AMqlIAW do pMgqIAW (qukW) dw dUhrI vwrI aucwrx kIqw jWdw hY[ iqqukI SbdW dw hukmnwmw lYx lìgAW AMqly pdy dIAW iqMnW hI qukW dw aucwrx dUhrI vwrI kIqw jwxw cwhIdw hY, nw ik kyvl do qukW dw[

While uttering Hukamnama the practice is to repeat the last two lines of Gurbani but if the shabad comes with a stanza with three lines then one must repeat three lines intead of two lines.

i. duqukI (Two Lines)

qU guxdwqO inrmlo BweI inrmlu nw mnu hoie ] hm AprwDI inrguxy BweI quJ hI qy guxu soie ]1] myry pRIqmw qU krqw kir vyKu ] hau pwpI pwKMfIAw BweI min qin nwm ivsyKu ] rhwau ] ibKu mwieAw icqu moihAw BweI cqurweI piq Koie ] icq mih Twkuru sic vsY BweI jy gur igAwnu smoie ]2] rUVO rUVO AwKIAY BweI rUVO lwl clUlu ] jy mnu hir isau bYrwgIAY BweI dir Gir swcu ABUlu ]3] (637-2)



ii. iqqukI (Three Lines)

soriT mhlw 1 iqqukI ] Awsw mnsw bMDnI BweI krm Drm bMDkwrI ] pwip puMin jgu jwieAw BweI ibnsY nwmu ivswrI ] ieh mwieAw jig mohxI BweI krm sBy vykwrI ]1] suix pMifq krmw kwrI ] ijqu krmu suKu aUpjY BweI su Awqm qqu bIcwrI ] rhwau ] swsqu bydu bkY KVo BweI krm krhu sMswrI ] pwKMif mYlu n cUkeI BweI AMqir mYlu ivkwrI ] ien ibiD fUbI mwkurI BweI aUNfI isr kY BwrI ]2] durmiq GxI ivgUqI BweI dUjY Bwie KuAweI ] ibnu siqgur nwmu n pweIAY BweI ibnu nwmY Brmu n jweI ] siqguru syvy qw suKu pwey BweI Awvxu jwxu rhweI ]3] (635-13)

iii. cauqukI (Four Lines)

soriT mhlw 1 Gru 1 AstpdIAw cauqukI <> siqgur pRswid ] duibDw n pVau hir ibnu horu n pUjau mVY mswix n jweI ] iqRsnw rwic n pr Gir jwvw iqRsnw nwim buJweI ] Gr BIqir Gru gurU idKwieAw shij rqy mn BweI ] qU Awpy dwnw Awpy bInw qU dyvih miq sweI ]1] mnu bYrwig rqau bYrwgI sbid mnu byiDAw myrI mweI ] AMqir joiq inrMqir bwxI swcy swihb isau ilv lweI ] rhwau ] AsMK bYrwgI khih bYrwg so bYrwgI ij KsmY BwvY ] ihrdY sbid sdw BY ricAw gur kI kwr kmwvY ] eyko cyqY mnUAw n folY Dwvqu vrij rhwvY ] shjy mwqw sdw rMig rwqw swcy ky gux gwvY ]2] (634-13)



2. pidAW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Stanza)

a. dupdy (Two Stanzas)

rwgu iblwvlu mhlw 5 dupdy Gru 8 ](827-15) <> siqgur pRswid ] mY nwhI pRB sBu ikCu qyrw ] eIGY inrgun aUGY srgun kyl krq ibic suAwmI myrw ]1] rhwau ] ngr mih Awip bwhir Puin Awpn pRB myry ko sgl bsyrw ] Awpy hI rwjnu Awpy hI rwieAw kh kh Twkuru kh kh cyrw ]1] kw kau durwau kw isau blbMcw jh jh pyKau qh qh nyrw ] swD mUriq guru ByitE nwnk imil swgr bUMd nhI An hyrw ]2]1]117]

b. iqpdy (Three Stanzas)

rwgu rwmklI mhlw 9 iqpdy ] (901-17) ry mn Et lyhu hir nwmw ] jw kY ismrin durmiq nwsY pwvih pdu inrbwnw ]1] rhwau ] bfBwgI iqh jn kau jwnhu jo hir ky gun gwvY ] jnm jnm ky pwp Koie kY Puin bYkuMiT isDwvY ]1] Ajwml kau AMq kwl mih nwrwien suiD AweI ] jW giq kau jogIsur bwCq so giq iCn mih pweI ]2] nwihn gunu nwihn kCu ibidAw Drmu kaunu gij kInw ] nwnk ibrdu rwm kw dyKhu ABY dwnu iqh dInw ]3]1]

c. caupdy (Four Stanzas)

mhlw 3 caupdy ] (157-15) <> siqgur pRswid ] guir imilAY hir mylw hoeI ] Awpy myil imlwvY soeI ] myrw pRBu sB ibiD Awpy jwxY ] hukmy myly sbid pCwxY ]1] siqgur kY Bie BRmu Bau jwie ] BY rwcY sc rMig smwie ]1] rhwau ] guir imilAY hir min vsY suBwie ]



myrw pRBu Bwrw kImiq nhI pwie ] sbid swlwhY AMqu n pwrwvwru ] myrw pRBu bKsy bKsxhwru ]2] guir imilAY sB miq buiD hoie ] min inrmil vsY scu soie ] swic visAY swcI sB kwr ] aUqm krxI sbd bIcwr ]3] gur qy swcI syvw hoie ] gurmuiK nwmu pCwxY koie ] jIvY dwqw dyvxhwru ] nwnk hir nwmy lgY ipAwru ]4]1]21]

d. pMcpdy (Five Stanzas)

gauVI kbIr jI pMcpdy ] (326-7) ijau jl Coif bwhir BieE mInw ] pUrb jnm hau qp kw hInw ]1] Ab khu rwm kvn giq morI ] qjI ly bnwrs miq BeI QorI ]1] rhwau ] sgl jnmu isv purI gvwieAw ] mrqI bwr mghir auiT AwieAw ]2] bhuqu brs qpu kIAw kwsI ] mrnu BieAw mghr kI bwsI ]3] kwsI mghr sm bIcwrI ] ECI Bgiq kYsy auqris pwrI ]4] khu gur gj isv sBu ko jwnY ] muAw kbIru rmq sRI rwmY ]5]15]



e. iekquky caupdy (One Line Four Stanzas)

Awsw mhlw 5 iekquky caupdy ] (374-18) iek GVI idnsu mo kau bhuqu idhwry ] mnu n rhY kYsy imlau ipAwry ]1] ieku plu idnsu mo kau kbhu n ibhwvY ] drsn kI min Aws GnyrI koeI AYsw sMqu mo kau iprih imlwvY ]1] rhwau ] cwir phr chu jugh smwny ] rYix BeI qb AMqu n jwny ]2] pMc dUq imil iprhu ivCoVI ] BRim BRim rovY hwQ pCoVI ]3] jn nwnk kau hir drsu idKwieAw ] Awqmu cIin@ prm suKu pwieAw ]4]15]

f. iqpdy cwrquky (Four Line Three Stanzas)

gauVI kbIr jI iqpdy cwrquky ] (326-17) jm qy aulit Bey hY rwm ] duK ibnsy suK kIE ibsrwm ] bYrI aulit Bey hY mIqw ] swkq aulit sujn Bey cIqw ]1] Ab moih srb kusl kir mwinAw ] sWiq BeI jb goibdu jwinAw ]1] rhwau ] qn mih hoqI koit aupwiD ] aulit BeI suK shij smwiD ] Awpu pCwnY AwpY Awp ] rogu n ibAwpY qInO qwp ]2] Ab mnu aulit snwqnu hUAw ] qb jwinAw jb jIvq mUAw ] khu kbIr suiK shij smwvau ] Awip n frau n Avr frwvau ]3]17]



3. juVq pdW dw aucwrx (Pronunciation of Joint Words)

gurbwxI juVq SbdW dw aucwrx inKyV ky krnw cwhIdw hY[

The pronunciation of joint words must be uttered separately.

Sbd aucwrx ArQ

1. dyvnhwrw dyvn-hwrw dyx vwlw

2. bilhwrIAY bil-hwrIAY vwrny jwxw

3. swDsMig swD-sMig swDsMgq

4. krxYhwrw krxY-hwrw krx vwlw

5. suigAwnI su-igAwnI syRSt igAwnI

6. dunIAwdwr dunIAw-dwr igRsqI

7. Aihinis Aih-inis idn-rwq

8. bKsxhwrw bKsx-hwrw bKSn vwlw

9. ATsiT AT-siT 68

10. ivswrxhwrw ivswrx-hwrw dUr krn vwlw

11. jmkwlu jm-kwlu mOq dw Pirsqw

12. AauguxvMqI Aaugux-vMqI AOaugxW vwlI

13. Aqolvw A-qolvw nw qoilAw jwx vwlw

14. Bogxhwru Bogx-hwru Bogx vwlw



15. clxhwru clx-hwru clx vwlw

16. mytxhwru mytx-hwru imtwaux vwlw

17. Anidnu An-idnu idn-rwq

18. minmuiK min-muiK mn Aqy muK

19. imlwvxhwru imlwvx-hwru imlwaux vwlw

20. kwtxhwrw kwtx-hwrw ktx vwlw

21. svwrxhwru svwrx-hwru svwrx vwlw

22. auqwrxhwr auqwrx-hwr mukqI krn vwlw

23. AxpiVAw Ax-piVAw nhI piVHAw

24. AwigAwkwrI AwigAw-kwrI AwigAw ivc rihx vwlw

4. sMDI Sbd (Pronunciation of Combined Words)

gurbwxI ivc sMDI Sbd hn ijMnHW dw aucwrx ArQW dy Anuswr hI krnw cwhIdw hY, ijvyN;

In Gurbani there are combined words which must be pronounced in according to the meaning, as follow;

Sbd Aqy aucwrn sMpurn Sbd ArQ

1. ik®pwl / ikrpwil ikrpw + Awl ikrpw dw Gr

2. dYAwlu / dieAwl dieAw + Awl dieAw dw Gr



3. prmwnµd prm + AnMd sRySt krky AnMd

4. dmodr dm + Edr r`sI nwl iFf bxvaun vwlw

5. AMimRqu AM + imRqu mOq qoN rihq

6. inrMjnu inr + AMjnu ibnw kwly dwg qoN

7. iedwsix ied +Awsix ieMdR dw Awsn

8. duKwlw duK + Awlw duK dw Gr

9. nwrwiex nwr + Awiex nrW dw Gr

5. SbdW dw SuD aucwrx (The Correct Pronunciation of Words)

lK jwx lYxw, to know, to realise

l`K lwK [Lakh (100,000)]

AlK Al`K 1. jo jwixAw nw jw sky, smJ qoN pry (beyond understanding)[ 2. AidRS (unseen)

buJY buJw dyxw, Closing

something. For example – putting off fire

bùJY Solving or resolving e.g. solving a puzzle

gurw Guru - singular gurW Guru - plural

nwvw name n´wvw bathing

nwie name n´wie bathing

nwvxu nwm, name nw´vxu nHwauxw, ieSnwn krnw, to take bath “nwvhu Dovhu iqlku

cVwvhu]” (rwm AÚ mÚ 1) AqY or A`qY extreme, atrocity, limit

mskiq ms`kiq qklIP, imhnq, Gwlxw Hardwork, Strive

mY roop, saroop mYN I, me



mwgY mWgY asking

kusw d`B , kuh su`tW ku`sw Female genetial

suDI inrI , only su`DI purification

rupw name rùpw silver

mqI vote, opinion, religion, faith,

m`qI msqI, mwieAw dy nSy ivc msq ho ky, intoxicated

pq Honour, dignity,good name, reputation, chasity

p`q p`qy, leaves

mx`kVw Bead, jewel , stone mxkVw metal ball on a fish net

ivgsu ivg`su blossom

ivgisAw ivgìsAw ivkws huMdw hY, iKVdw hY, ivkisq hoieAw[ 2. pRsMn huMdw hY, “kry Awip Awpy ivgsIqw.” (mÚ 3. vwr gUj 1) “vyKY ibgsY kir

vIcwru.” (jpu) ikrKw (vwhux) dI ikRXw, hl nwl

lkIrW k`FxIAW , vhweI[ 2. gufweI, KyqI ivc inkMmy Gwh ƒ iK`cxw

ikr`Kw ik-r`Kw, kI riKAw

glI narrow road, pathway GrW koiTAW dy ivckwr rsqw, “isr Dir qlI glI morI Awau.” “myro suMdru khhu imlY ikqu glI?” phwV iv`c lMGx dw drw [

glIN talk, words, g`lW nwl, bwqoN sy, “glIN su sjx vIh” “igAwnu n glIeI FUFIAY.”

2. g`lW iv`c.

mulw mùlW Muslim priest

sdyeI Forever s`dyeI bulwvygw, bulwauNdw hY, s`dygI, s`ddI hY, “nwnk AwKY gor sdyeI

]” (sRI mÚ 1), call mhlu mhlw (iesqRI-wife) leI

mhl Sbd AwieAw hY “mhl kucjI mVvVI kwlI mnhu ksuD ]” (mÚ 1. vwr mwrU 1)

mh`lu sMgÎw- srUp (Almighty’s form), pwqswh (King), hlUl (dibsœwny mzwhb)- auqwrdw Bwv lIn krdw hY jW (auqrn) dI QW (iesy leI SRI gurU nwnk dyv jI dy jwnSIn mhl khy jWdy hn ik ie`k gurU Awpxy qweIN dUjy iv`c hælUl (auqwrdw) hY, Gr, rhx dw AsQwn. pwswd[ 5. injpd.



inrvwx. “AMimRqu pIvih, qw suK lhih mhlu.” (sRI mÚ 3)

APirAw APìrAw Arok, AwPirAw hoieAw, bloat, flatulence

kuPkVy kuP`kVy Koty kMmW dI pkV ivc, in the entrapment of evil deeds

mhqu iv- PYilAw hoieAw[ spread over

mh`q vfw (great)[

infirAw in`firAw Without fear

ksvtI ksv`tI ie`k Kws jwiq dy kwly p`Qr dI qKqI, ijs au~pr sony ƒ Gswky

prKIdw hY[ 2. prIKÎw, iemqhwn, “rwm ksautI so shY jo

mrjIvw hoie[” (s. kbIr) klqu kl`qu vhutI, “qnu Dnu klqu sBu dyKu

AiBmwnw” (iblw AÚ mÚ 1) “puqR klqR mhw ibiKAw mih guir swcY lwie qrweI.” (rwm AÚ mÚ 5),

kilq hnyrw, darkness

kil`q jmw kIqw, sMgRh (ie`kTw) kirAw, kilq (jmw kIqw) Dn[ 2. gRisAw hoieAw[ “kilq kRoD” (pwrswv) 3. isMgwirAw hoieAw, sjwieAw

“Awsqrn br imRdul kilq kr.” (gu.pR.sU) 4. jwixAw hoieAw. gÎwq[ 5. mnohr, suMdr[

Awvtxu Awv`txu aubwlw, burnt rqI rq hoeI , rMgI hoeI [ riq,

pRIiq, love , immersed, r`qI A`T cwvl Br pRmwx (the weight

equivalent to eight grains of rice), QoVw (least), qink, r`qI Br “rqI rqu n inklY” (s.

PrId), sesame seed, “eyk rqI ibn eyk rqI ky.”

(Akwl) smDw hvn dI A`g dIAW lkVW,

fire wood used for sacrificial fire. “mn qn smDw jy krI anu idn agin jlwie” (sRI mÚ 1) 3. agin[

sm`Dw syRSt krky ivcwly, in the center



krvqu ipT krnI, to turn back krv`qu krpqR, Awrw (saw), lÜkVI cIrn dw ie`k dMdydwr sMd, “mno rUK kty krvqRn ky” (ikRsnwv) 2. purwxy smyN kwSI Aqy pRXwg iv`c ie`k Awrw sI, ijs hyT AnykW lok mukiq pwaux leI kt mrdy sn

“ArD srIr ktweIAY isir krvqu Drwie.” (sRI AÚ mÚ 1)

pVY ifg, pYNdw hY, fall pVHY pVn dI ikirAw, pVHdw hY, “pVY suxwvY qqu n cInI” (rwm AÚ mÚ

1) plY B`j jwxw, to run p`lY p`lw pkVxw, to hold the edge

means to to embrace the sanctuary.

kivq kivqw, poetry kiv`q Awprsw Awp`rsw jo sprS nhIN krdw, Dwqu Awid ƒ

nw Chux dw ijs ny vRq DwirAw hY “sompwk Aprs aidAwnI”

(bwvn) 2. jo AwpNy mn ƒ ivkwrW dy sMg qoN Alg rKdw hY, jo

kukrmW ƒ Cuëhdw nhIN, “nwnk koit mDy ko AYsw Aprs.”

(suKmnI), one who maintains a fast of never to touch anything or the one who is untouchable

by evil desires iekTIAw iek`TIAw iek`qr, gathered

iekTy iek`Ty iek`qr, gathered

nwgw 1. nWgw pauxw, aupvws, absence, to miss

nWgw ijs dy AMg pur vsqR nhIN “bwbw nWgVw AwieAw jg mih” (vf mÚ

1. AlwhxIAw) “bwhuiV jwsI nwgw”(sRI mÚ 1. phry) , without

clothes jsudw nûd gop dI iesqRI, ijs ny

ikRSn jI ƒ pwilAw[ Yasodha, the lady who took care of Krishan.

jsu`dw

aulQVy aul`QVy ivSyS krky Aw auqry



ivsrjI guAwc geI, Bul geI, lost or forgotten

ivs`rjI ividAw ho geI, clI geI [

Bgqw nwm, Name BgqW Bgq dw bhu vcn, devotees, worshippers, pious persons,

holyman (in plural) dsIN ds (10), Ten (10) d`sI tell, d~sxw isKY is`KY learns , is~KNw ikrKY ikr`KY k`ty

svlI isAwml, sWvlw, grey “Kwie AGweI svlI gorI” (nwpR)

sv`lI nPy vwlI “ldy Kyp svlI.” (sRI CMq mÚ 5), profitable

srbiq swrIAW g`lW (bwqW), all the talks

srbìq sB QW, sB jgw. “srb mwn srbqR mwn” (jwpu) “AMqir bwhir srbiq rivAw” (sRI CMq mÚ 5), 2. swry simAW iv`c, srv kwl my, “jIA jMq srbq nwau qyrw iDAwvxw” (vwr sor mÚ 4) “hir BgqW kw mylI srbq” (vwr iblw mÚ 4) “dXwlM srbqR jIAw” (shs mÚ 5) 3. sB, qmwm, “qyry Bwxy srb`q dw Blw.” (Ardws)

srbsu swrw Dn pdwrQ, swrI

ivBUiq, “kr gih lIny srbsu dIny.” (sor mÚ 5) 2. swry rs “srbsu Coif mhwrs pIjY.” (gau kbIr)

srb`su swrw v`s ivc hoxw, to have everything in control

sweI 1. swrw, srb, vhI, EhI “jo quD BwvY sweI BlI kwr” (jpu), all, entire, particularly[ 2. iksy sOdy dy p`kw krn leI pySgI id`qI rkm- sweI, deposit, down payment[

sWeI suAwmI, mwilk “ijQY jweIAY jgq mih iqQY hir sweIN.” (vwr iblw mÚ 4), Master[ &wrsI (Persian) - prmysur (God, Almighty)[

gurmqy gurm`qy gurW dy aupdyS, Guru’s instruction



Bju aucwrx kro, syvn kro[ to recite, to utter or to meditate “myry mn hir Bju sdw iek rMig ]” (48-18, isrIrwgu, mhlw 5)

B`ju kR. iv-Bjky (to run), n`T, dOV “suix mn myry Bju sqgur srxw ]” (33-9, isrIrwgu, mhlw 3), to run

Bjhu Bjn kro, BgqI kro, to sing Almighty’s praises “inrBau hoie Bjhu Bgvwn ]” (201-8, gauVI, mhlw 5)

B`jhu B`j ky jwxw, to run “mn ry sdw Bjhu hir srxweI ]”

(31-3, isrIrwgu, mhlw 3)

Kwiekw KwiekW mUrKW, fools

kusqu &w. (Persian) - mwirAw, kql kIqw[

kus`qu 1. bdI (false) “muhhu kUV kusqu iqnI FwihAw ]” (vr sRI mÚ 4) 2. nIc pRikRiq (low, demerit)“kUV kusqu iqRsnw Agin buJwey ]” (Dnw mÚ 3) 3. Awls (lazy), au~dm dw ABwv[ 4. ADrm nwl kmwieAw Dn (illegal wealth).

vjdy v`jdy vibrates, plays

AwglVY Awgl-VY A`gy, A~gR Bwv swhmxy, in front (sMpRdweI tIkw ig: Bgvwn isMG jI

ny vI eyho ArQ mMinAw) bnI bx geI, has happened bMnI wall, bride, young girl

mq nwh (don’t, do not) “bwmn kih kih jnmu mq Koey ]1] rhwau ]” (324-17, gauVI, kbIr jI)

m`q m`q (intellect), “mY mq jobin grib gwlI duDw QxI n Awvey ]”

(242-9, gauVI pUrbI, mhlw 1)

mwqw mW, mwiqR, mother “gurdyv mwqw gurdyv ipqw.” (bwvn)[

mw`qw msq hoieAw, engrossed, intoxicated “qyrw jnu rwm rswieix mwqw ]” (dyv mÚ 5) [ AiBmwnI, AhMkwrI. “mwqw BYsw Amuhw jwie ]” (gau kbIr) Bwv- AhMkwrI mn AQvw mwXw md iv`c msq KorI AwdmI, pride person[

sB-rweI sBnW iv`coN vDky pRkwS krn vwlI, pRDwn rwxI (ptrwxI) “sw kulvMqI sw sBrweI jo ipr kY rMig svwrI jIau]” (mwJ mÚ 5) [ Queen - the

s-BrweI suB guxW BrwvW dy sihq, one with merits[



most influential queen, born in a royal family.

sumiq nwm, Name sumìq au~qm buìD, pure intellect “dws kau sumiq dIqI ]” (sor mÚ 5) 2. syRSt buìD vwlw ivvykI purK.

sqir privacy, curtain, ladies’ apartment

s`qir 1. s`qr- 70 (seventy 70) [ 2. dyKo q sqr 5. “sqir kwbw Gt hI BIqir.” (Awsw kbIr) gupq

kwbw Gt hI BIqir. rjw 1. mnjUrI, AMgIkwr,

acceptance[ 2. krqwr dw Bwxw, Will of God. “rjw mih rihnw rwjI [” (gu.pR.sU)

r`jw r`jW, iqRpq hoxw, satisfied. “quDu swlwih n rjw kbhUM ]” (mwJ AÚ

mÚ 3) 2.pRsMnqw. ÞuSnUdI [

rq lwhU, blood r`q riqAw, immersed

rwqw rwqW, night rw`qw riqAw, immersed

muslw ieslwm Dwrn vwlw, muslmwn* (a Muslim)[ * muslw Anwdr boDk Sbd hY.

mus`lw nmwz pVHn dw Awsx, “imhr msIiq isdku muslw.” (mÚ 1. vwr mwJ) “scu invwj XkIn muslw]” (mwrU solhy mÚ 5), the carpet used for Muslim prayers.

Avil A`vil A`vl (early, first), Awid (before time). mu`F. AwrMB (begining)[ 2. iv- pRQm. pihlw[

rhsIE 1. eykWq (lonely) 2. Cupwaux lwiek bwq (to hide), gupq Byq (secret)[

rh`sIE Awnûd (bliss) “Aiq hoie rhs min ]” (svYXy mÚ 4. ky)



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