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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. INTRODUCTION
Now-a-days electronics plays an important role in a day to day life. Average
people are related to electronics either as their profession or a hobby. Electronics
deals with electronic devices and their application. Electronic devices are that in
which electrons flow through a vacuum or a semiconductor and such devices have
valuable properties, which enable them to function and behave as a friend of man.
Today electronics has gained much importance due to its numerous applications in
industries. The electronic devices are capable of performing functions like,
rectification, amplification, control, generations, Conversions of electricity in line etc.
Within the last four decades we have witnessed a great revolution in the field
of electronics. Electronics has provided a new Technology to the industries, which is
widely spread than that of any other technology, in inventions. In electronics this new
technology is better known as Embedded System Design.
Think about a home appliances control by wireless protocol such as GSM
which would be controlled by mobile phone. By giving a dtmf signal, to light on /off
you to your destination. This command recognition algorithm we used could be
applied to daily life; for example it would be most helpful to disabled people to
perform their daily work. We created a secured operation using various analog circuit
designs with the Microcontrollers
1.2 NECCESSITY
The use of electricity is also very important as one of the main sources of
energy that is vital in today modern life. Presently, electrical energy is often used as
one of the main source of power to operate any electrical device or appliance. Erratic
supply of electricity leads to forgetfulness on the part of users to switch off home
appliances; this could lead to energy wastage when the light is turned on
continuously. Mechanism of information technology management could be used to
reduce wastage in electricity usage. Thus a prototype based on a microcontroller
device using GSM was developed which automatically control any electrical
equipment at home remotely both for long and short distances using mobile phone.
Hence daily electrical energy savings is made more efficient and effective.
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1.3 THEME
The GSM based switching system is totally cell phone operated device and
operated in DTMF technology. The disadvantage of this method is not completely
sealable, can be affected on large amount of dirt, dust and water. and many
advantages like high touch resolution, easy to start home appliances equipment.
1.4 OBJECTIVES
This system is divided into two modules,
GSM- Interface
Control unit
Switching Circuit
This system will detect the DTMF signal and drives the device by through
Microcontroller.
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2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 HISTORY
Although the term “home automation” was first used in 1980s, the concept is
far from new. The early documented attempt to envisage something very similar dates
back to the 1960s, with Walt Disney’s Experimental Prototype Community of
Tomorrow, presented in 1966. A Smart Home will not be able to accomplish much
without appliances to control, nor will it be able to communicate to these devices in
the absence of a control network Since appliances and home network are so
interlinked with a Smart Home, the following sections provide a brief history on how
these come into being. this project is aimed at effectively using public or mobile phone from any collation of existing network to safely control electricity operated
household equipment. In addition the system to implement on this project will have
pin-check algorithm in order to enlarge salinity. Tone pair code from the decoder and
places the symbol in an internal queue for further processing. The decoder is capable
of detecting DTMF tone pairs over a wide range of amplitudes. Amongst other
applications, the project as described above can be applied in the voice/ speaker
recognition algorithm which has as its primary function the ability to recognize the
designated keypad tones and consequently turn on or off an appliance when detected.
This simple circuit can control up to three appliances without modifications. The
DTMF remote controlled system is a compact and rugged remote control unit,
designed for interface with a standard cellular mobile telephone handset. It plugs into
the “hands free” adaptor socket on the telephone handset, and operates by receiving
DTMF tones from the phone audio output. It is mains powered by electricity, and
provides three contact closures capable of switching mains voltages. By setting the
handset to auto-answer, remote control is possible at any location with cellular
coverage, and from any telephone in the world with tone-dialing capability
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3. SYSTEM DESIGN
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
Fig 3.1 Block Diagram GSM Circuit
Telephone line interfaced with the circuit.
The microcontroller part interfacing the relay driver module accompanies the hardware
considered in this project. So here the relay drives the devices that are to be controlled by our
GSM protocol.
3.2 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.2.1 Working of IC MT8870
IC MT8870/KT3170 serves as DTMF decoder. This IC takes DTMF signal
coming via telephone line and converts that signal into respective BCD number. It
uses same oscillator frequency used in the remote section so same crystal oscillator
with frequency of 3.85M Hz is used in this IC.
The MT-8870 is a full DTMF Receiver that integrates both band split filter
and decoder functions into a single 18-pin DIP. Its filter section uses switched
capacitor technology for both the high and low group filters and for dial tone
rejection. Its decoder uses digital counting techniques to detect and decode all 16
DTMF tone pairs into a 4-bit code. External component count is minimized by
provision of an on-chip differential input amplifier, clock generator, and latched tri-
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state interface bus. Minimal external components required include a low-cost
3.579545 MHz crystal, a timing resistor, and a timing capacitor. The MT-8870-02 can
also inhibit the decoding of fourth column digits.
Fig.3.2 Diagram IC MT8870
The filter also incorporates notches at 350 and 440 Hz, providing excellent
dial tone rejection. Each filter output is followed by a single-order switched capacitor
section that smoothes the signals prior to limiting. Signal limiting is performed by
high gain comparators provided with hysteresis to prevent detection of unwanted low-
level signals and noise. The MT-8870 decoder uses a digital counting technique to
determine the frequencies of the limited tones and to verify that they correspond to
standard DTMF frequencies. When the detector recognizes the simultaneous
presence of two valid tones (known as signal condition), it raises the Early Steering
flag (ESt). Any subsequent loss of signal condition will cause ESt to fall. Before a
decoded tone pair is registered, the receiver checks for valid signal duration (referred
to as character recognition-condition) . This check is performed by an external RC
time constant driven by ESt. A short delay to allow the output latch to settle, the
delayed steering output flag (StD) goes high, signaling that a received tone pair has
been registered. The contents of the output latch are made available on the 4-bit
output bus by raising the three state control input to logic high. Inhibit mode isenabled by a logic high input to pin 5. It inhibits the detection of 1633 Hz.
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The output code will remain the same as the previous detected code .On
them-8870 models ,pin is tied to ground (logic low).The internal clock circuit
completed with the addition of a standard 3.579545MHz crystal .The input
arrangement of the MT-8870 provided differential input operation amplifier as well as
bias sources to bias the input at mid rail . Provision is made for a connection of a
feedback resistor op-amp output for gain adjustment
3.2.2 Signal Decoding Unit
This is the main block of the circuit which consists of microcontroller 89C51
and the relay driver IC. The controller takes the BCD input from the DTMF IC and
controls the corresponding device which has to control remotely.
3.2.3 Power Supply Unit
For the proper working of this local control section except the local telephone
set it needs a permanent back up which gives a 5V back up continuously. This is
achieved by using a 5V regulated power supply from a voltage regulated IC 7805.
This 5V source is connected to all ICs and 12 volt unregulated DC voltage is
connected to relays
3.2.4 Relay Driver Circuit
To carry out the switching of any appliances or devices we commonly use the
relays. As we are running the circuit on 5 Volt DC and 12 Volt DC, So we cannot use
this output to run the device or appliances. Therefore here we use relays which can
handle a high voltage of 230V or more, and a high current in the rate of 10Amps to
energize the electromagnetic coil of the relays +5V is sufficient. Here we use the relay
driver IC ULN 2803 to energize the relay coil.
3.2.5 Assembling Local Control Section
The whole local control section except local telephone set is assembled in a
single board, which is available in the market as common PCB. The whole circuit
except the devices is assembled in a single cabinet in which the board gets fairly fitted
along with power supply unit
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Table 3.1 Local Control Section
The connectors are provided relay switches so that the devices are connected
easily. After connecting , the device number according to table .Now power supply
are connected and device are also connected so that the Whole section is ready for
control a device using remote control telephone set.
3.3 PCB DESIGNING AND FABRICATION
In electronics system it would be vertically impossible for package without in
corpora tin printed circuit in these designs. Printed circuit in the connection mediumfor the electronics medium that assumable on opposite side of the board. Conducting
materials available are silver, brass, aluminum & copper. Copper is most wildly used.
Thickness of conducting materials depend upon current carrying capacity Of circuit
thus the thicker copper layer will have more current carrying capacity.
3.3.1 Advantage of PCB
When a number of identical assemblies are required PCB provided cost saving
because once a layout is no need to check the circuit every time.
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PCB have a controllable and predicated electrical and mechanical properties
Spiral type of inductors are printed
The distributed capacitance is constant for one production to another
Weight is less
It has miniaturization potential
When two signal lines are running close to each other is possibly of cross take
.To reduced this, an electromagnetic interference all unused copper surface are
connected to ground line is made sufficiently broad. Low power level and high
power level wire are twisted outside PCB to protect the circuit from
electromagnetic coupling.
3.3.2 Layout
Layout designing is the pencil sketch of component and conductor drawing
which contain all the relevant information for preparation of artwork . layout is
designed is the pencil sketch of component and conductors drawing which contain all
relevant information for preparation of art work. Layout is designed on tracing paper
for better accurate.
Photograph 3.1 PCB Layout
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3.3.3 Etching
Removal of unwanted copper, to give final copper pattern as ETCHING
solution which are using on Etching, is known as Enchant.
Ferric chloride
Cupric chloride
Chronic acid
Alkaline ammonia.
Out of ferric acid is wildly used because it has short etching time and it can be
stored from longer time rising follow etching.
3.3.4 Component Mounting on PCB
Careful mounting of component on PCB increases the reliability of assembly.
Component leads must be cleaned before they are inserted in PCB holes. A symmetric
load bending ti close lead bending must be avoided. The bent leads must fit into holes
properly that they can be soldered. For mounting IC, TDS,DIP package, special zip
must be used for easy insertion. All the leads must be cut with sharp cutter to same
length seen from the surface is that to be soldered.
3.3.5 Soldering
It is process in which the component and the connecting joint firmly. We get
25-Watt soldering iron and flux coated soldering wire. The solder which to be applied
till the gap of joint placed close to iron bit It is immediately melt and become bright
and fluid. Enough soldering was applied to filled up the gap of joint to give good
strength and conductivity to connection when the joint sufficient to happen filled
soldering iron removed and joint are allowed to cool down. After soldering PCB
cleaned. And made free from all the dust. All the connection is checked with the help
of Multi-meter.
The dry soldering or short connections are done. Now wiring are flexible
multi-core wire of require gauge wiring is complited.firs wire are cut down into
sufficient length. The inside core and connection are cleared and soldered connection
checked with Multi-meter.
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3.4 POWER SUPPLY DESIGN
Fig. 3.3 Power Supply Design
3.4.1 Transformer
Step down transformer is a part of regulated power supply. to step down the
mains 230V AC. we reacquire step down transformer power transformer usually
designed to operate from source of low impedance at a single frequency.
Transformer rating are expressed in volt-amp of each secondary winding ofadded total secondary VA.Temprature rise of transformer on decided on to well-
known factors i.e. losses of transformer and heat dissipating facility provided unit.
3.4.2 Rectifier Circuit
Rectifier is a circuit. Which convert AC into pulsating DC generally semi-
conducting diodes used as rectifying element due to it’s property of conducting
current in one direction only.
3.4.3 Voltage Regulator
A voltage regulator is a circuit that supplies constant voltage regardless of
change in load current.IC voltage regulator are available & cheaper.a7880series
consist of three terminal positive voltage regulator. It is a three pin IC used as
voltage regulator. It converts unregulated DC current into regulated DC current.
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3.5 Circuit diagram
Fig.3.4 Circuit Diagram GSM Based Switching System
Fig.3.6 LCD Display
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Fig. 3.7 Circuit Diagram GSN Based Switching System
3.5.1 Working of circuit
This system Dual Tone Multiple Frequency (DTMF) on our telephone set.
Every telephone set will have this facility. We have two types of dialing facility on
your telephone system Pulse dialing mode and tone dialing mode. The DTMF mode is
Shorty called as tone dialing mode.
3.5.2 What is DTMF
DTMF assigns a specific frequency (consisting of two separate tones) to each
key s that it can easily be identified by the electronic circuit. The signal generated by
the DTMF encoder is the direct algebraic submission, in real time of the amplitudes of
two sine (cosine) waves of different frequencies, i.e., pressing “5” will send a tone
made by adding 1336 Hz and 770 Hz to the other end of the mobile. DTMF stands for
the “Dual Tone Multiple Frequency”, which can generally use for the signaling. In the
touch tone system, each button on the telephone keypad is represented by a
combination of two sine-wave tones, one "low tone" and a "high tone". The low tones
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indicate what horizontal row the pressed button is in, while the high tones correspond
to the vertical column of the button.
The following table shows the common telephone keypad. The column shows
additional keys that are not usually present on telephones, but are part of the DTMF
specification. The frequencies around it indicate the tones used for each row and
column for DTMF signaling.
Table 3.2 Telephone Keypad Frequency
1209 Hz 1336 Hz 1477 Hz 1633 Hz
697 Hz 1 2 3 A
770 Hz 4 5 6 B
852 Hz 7 8 9 C
941 Hz * 0 # D
That is from above table it is seen that if the user press any key suppose, user
press the key is “3” then the tone corresponding to that key i.e. consist of two
frequencies is to be send by decoder circuit of low frequency is 697 Hz and higher
frequency is 1477 Hz is to been send.
3.6 SYSTEM HARDWARE
3.6.1 Resistor
Fig 3.8 Symbol of Resistor
Resistor is as passive component. A resistor creates resistance in a circuit .The
resistance measured in ohms is the basic unit of resistance. The resistor is used to
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chop the current. A simple resistor can be constructed using a resistive material wire
by winding it on an insulating rod.
Fig. 3.9 Construction of Resistor
3.6.2 Capacitor
Fig. 3.10 Symbol of Capacitor
A simple capacitor consists of two material plates in front of each other with a
small gap between the two plates. Metal leads are soldering to the two plates. The gap
between the plates consists of air or any other insulating material known as Di-electric
material.
Working
When DC supply is applied between the two plates P1&P2 a charge is
produced along the surface of the plates that can be stored between these plates for
some time which is known as capacitance. This capacitance is measured in unit
farads.
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Factor on which the value of capacitor depends
Distance between two plates.
Over lapping area of the plates.
Di-electric material used.
3.6.3 Diode
Fig. 3.11 Symbol of Diode
Diode is semiconductor component.
Semiconducter
Semiconductors are the substance having the electrical conductivity
intermediate to that of good conductor and insulators.
Example: Silicon, germanium etc.
N-Type Semiconducter
A semiconductor doped with a pentavalent impurity like arsenic or antimolues
has conductivity due to negatively charged electrons. Such semiconductors doped
with pentavalent impurity are called as N type semiconductors.
P-Type Semiconducter
A semiconductor doped with a trivalent impurity like indium or aluminum has
conductivity due to holes that are positive charged carriers. Such semiconductors
doped with trivalent impurity are called as P type semiconductors.
P-N Junction
If a P type semiconductor is joined to an N-type of semiconductor then the
boundary joining the two regions is called a P-N junction diode or a semiconductor
diode.
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3.6.4 Transistor
Fig. 3.12 Symbol of Transistor
A transistor is a three terminal semiconductor device. It is made by sand-
witching a thin slice of N type semiconductor between two P type semiconductors or
a thin slice of P type semiconductor between N type semiconductors.
Types of Transistor
PNP Transistor: In this transistor a thin layer of N type semiconductor is sand-
witched between two layers of P type semiconductor.
NPN Transistor: In this transistor a thin layer of P type semiconductor is sand-
witched between two N type semiconductors.
The central thin layer of transistor is called the base (B) one of the end
Fig.3.13 Types of Transistor
The central thin layer of transistor is called the base (B) one of the end layer is called an
emitter (E) and the other is called collector(C)
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3.6.5 IC LM7805
The LM78XX series of three terminal regulators is available with several
fixed output voltages making them useful in a wide range of applications. One of
these is local on card regulation, eliminating the distribution problems associated with
single point regulation. The voltages available allow these regulators to be used in
logic systems, instrumentation, Hi-Fi, and other solid state electronic equipments.
Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used
with external components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents.
The LM78XX series is available in an aluminum TO-3 package which will
allow over 1.0A load current if adequate heat sinking is provided. Current limiting is
included to limit the peak output current to a safe value. Safe area protection for the
output transistor is provided to limit internal power dissipation
Fig.3.14 Diagram of Physical Shape and Pin
If internal power dissipation becomes too high for the heat sinking provided,
the thermal shutdown circuit takes over preventing the IC from overheating.
Considerable effort was expanded to make the LM78XX series of regulators easy touse and minimize the number of external components. It is not necessary to bypass
the output, although this does improve transient response. Input bypassing is needed
only if the regulator is located far from the filter capacitor of the power supply. For
output voltage other than 5V, 12V and 15V the LM117 Series provides an output
voltage range from 1.2V to 57V.
3.6.6 Microcontroller 89c51
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Fig. 3.15 Pin Diagram of IC AT89C51
Description
The device is manufactured using Atmel high density nonvolatile memory
technology and is compatible with the industry standard 80C51 and 80C51 instruction
set and pin out. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed
in-system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a
versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C51 is a
powerful microcomputer which provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution
to many embedded control.
Feature
Compatible with MCS-51™ Products
8K Bytes of In-System Reprogrammable Flash Memory
Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24 MHz
128 x 8-Bit Internal RAM
32 Programmable I/O Lines
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RST:
Reset input. A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is
running resets the device. This pin drives High for 96 oscillator periods after the
Watchdog times out. The DISRTO bit in SFR AUXR (address 8EH) can be used to
disable this feature. In the default state of bit DISRTO, the RESET HIGH out feature
is enabled.
ALE/PROG :
Address Latch Enable (ALE) is an output pulse for latching the low byte of the
address during accesses to external memory. This pin is also the program pulse input
during Flash programming. In normal operation, ALE is emitted at a constant rate of
1/6 the oscillator frequency and may be used for external timing or clocking purposes.
Note, however, that one
ALE pulse is skipped during each access to external data memory. If desired,
ALE operation can be disabled by setting bit 0 of SFR location 8EH. With the bit set,
ALE is active only during a MOVX or MOVC instruction. Otherwise, the pin is
weakly pulled high. Setting the ALE-disable bit has no effect if the microcontroller is
in external execution mode.
PSEN :
Program Store Enable (PSEN) is the read strobe to external program memory.
When the AT89C51 is executing code from external program memory, PSEN is
activated twice each machine cycle, except that two PSEN activations are skipped
during each access to external data memory.
EA/VPP :
External Access Enable, EA must be strapped to GND in order to enable the
device to fetch code from external program memory locations starting at 0000H up to
FFFFH.
XTAL1:
Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clockoperating circuit.
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XTAL2 :
Output is from the inverting oscillator amplifier.
Fig.3.16 Oscillator Amplifier
3.6.7 Oscillator Characteristics
XTAL1 and XTAL2 are the input and output, respectively, of an inverting
amplifier that can be configured for use as an on-chip oscillator, as shown in Figure
11. Either a quartz crystal or ceramic resonator may be used. To drive the device from
an external c lock source, XTAL2 should be left unconnected while XTAL1 is driven,
as shown in Figure 12. There are no requirements on the duty cycle of the external
clock signal, since the input to the internal clocking circuitry is through a divide-by-
two flip-flop, but minimum and maximum voltage high and low time specifications
must be observed.
Memory Organization:
MCS-51 devices have a separate address space for Program and Data
Memory. Up to 64K bytes each of external Program and Data Memory can be
addressed.
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Program Memory:
If the EA pin is connected to GND, all program fetches are directed to external
memory. On the AT89C51, if EA is connected to VCC, program fetches to addresses
0000H through 1FFFH are directed to internal memory and fetches to addresses
2000H through FFFFH are to external memory.
Data Memory:
The AT89C51 implements 128 bytes of on-chip RAM. The upper 128 bytes
occupy a parallel address space to the Special Function Registers. This means that the
upper 128 bytes have the same addresses as the SFR space but are physically separate
from SFR space. When an instruction accesses an internal location above address
7FH, the address mode used in the instruction specifies whether the CPU accesses the
upper 128 bytes of RAM or the SFR space. Instructions which use direct addressing
access of the SFR space.
3.6.8 Relay
General-Purpose Electromagnetic Relay This is low cost electromagnetic
relay, which is adaptable to many applications and is not special in any way. It is
electromagnetic relay.
The parts of the relay are of an core and surrounding coil of wire, an iron yoke
which provides a low reluctance path for magnetic flux, the yoke being shaped so that
the magnetic circuit can be closed by a movable piece iron called the set of contacts.
The armature is hinged to the yoke and held by a spring in such a way that there is an
air gap in the magnetic circuit. When an electric current flows through the coil, the
armature is attracted to the iron core. Electrical switching contacts are mounted on the
armature. When the relay coil is energized, these movable contacts break their
connection with one set of fixed contacts (normally closed) and close a connection to
previously open contacts (normally open). When electric power is removed from the
coil, a spring returns the armature to its original position.
POWER RELAY:
When the control signal is extremely small, it is sometimes necessary to use asensitive relay to control the current through the coil of a larger relay. In such a case
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the first relay is called a pilot relay and is sensitive enough to operate with the small
signal. Because it is so sensitive, its contacts have to be quite small and they carry
only enough current to operate the coil of the large relay
Fig. 3.17 Circuit Diagram of Relay
3.6.9 LCD Lampex 16 x 2 LCD Display
Liquid Crystal Display which is commonly known as LCD is an
Alphanumeric Display it means that it can display Alphabets, Numbers as well as
special symbols thus LCD is a user friendly Display device which can be used for
displaying various messages unlike seven segment display which can display only
numbers and some of the alphabets. The only disadvantage of LCD over seven
segment is that seven segment is robust display and be visualized from a longer
distance as compared to LCD. Here I have used 16 x 2 Alphanumeric Display which
means on this display I can display two lines with maximum of 16 characters in one
line
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Definition of Terminals:
Table 3.3 Terminals Name
Pin No. Symbol Function
1. Vss Ground terminal of module
2. Vdd Supply terminal of module, +5v
3. Vo Power supply for liquid crystal drive
4. RS
Resister select
RS=Ø…..instruction register
RS=1…….data register
5. R/W
Read/Write
R/W=1…Read
R/W= Ø…Write
6. E(E1) Enable
7-14 DB Ø-DB7
Bidirectional data bus.
Data transfer is performed once,thru
DB Ø-DB7, in the case of interface data
Length is 8-bits; & twice thru DB4-DB7
In the case of interface data length is 4
bits. Upper 4 bits first then lower 4 bits.
15. LAMP-(L-) LED or EL LAMP power supply terminals.
16. LAMP+(L+) LED or EL LAMP power supply terminals
17. E(2) Enable
Operating Specification:
Table 3.4 Operating Temperature
Standard Temperature Wide Temperature
Operating temp range -10˚ to +55˚c -20˚ to +70˚c
Storage temp range -20˚ to +70˚c -30˚ to +80˚c
90% MAX 90% MAX 90% MAX
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Electrical Characteristic
Table 3.4 Electrical Characteristics
Supply voltage 4.5 to 5.5v
Supply current (16x2) 3 ma
3.6.10 Power Supply Requirment
Fig. 3.18 Power Supply
This circuit shows the typical power supply connection for all dot matrix
modules. The display voltage is slightly different for different version. Recommended
end user to use a variable resistor as shown in circuit for optimum VLCD adjustment
to obtain best display contrast and viewing angle. Back light facility can be use by providing supply greater than 12V.
3.7 TESTING AND TROUBLE SHOOTING
Testing is nothing but the physically checking of all component and all
possible condition to avoid problem in the circuit fluctuating.
Testing is done with so many checking instrument as per the circuit
requirement and condition.
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Bare board testing:
Continuity of track
Over etching or under etching.
Shorts it any
Vcc and GND track
Trouble Shooting:
After the PCB prepared the conductivity test is carried out. first pin-to-pin
conductivity checked. The necessary IC interconnection also checked. The resistive
value of all the resistor are checked and completed with the value denoted color
coding is done.
The capacitor also checked to see whether they are working or short or open.
The diodes are test for priority. The diodes are checked for forward resistance and
reversed resistance. After carrying out possible testing, jumper wire also test.
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4. CONCLUSIONS
4.1 CONCLUSION
In this way we have studied in this project i.e. “APPLIANCE CONTROLUSING GSM SYSTER” such as relay, transformer, capacitor, diode, fuse, Board and
constructional parts. Also study the mounting of component, soldering & testing of
component.
In this project we have to study of all type of precaution. we have taken the
making of any instrument or project.
4.2 FUTURE SCOPE
This system provides feedback on cell phone of farmers in the farm of text
msg with the help of microcontroller. As the know person or animal is trying to break
the electric fence then the control circuit séances that and provides electric shock to
that person or animal and also sends the msg to the former that any one intruder is
trying to enter in the field also this system provides sign us (Text msg ) for dry
running of motor and canal feeding to the mobile phone of former.
SCADA System :
In future when the SCADA system is well developed and everyone is familiar
with it then we would like to introduce our project with “SCADA”. Which gives
graphical representation of our whole field on personal computer of former.
4.3 APPLICATION:
The circuit is applicable at industries for control the machinery.
The circuit is applicable for driving robot from any place.
The principle is applicable for operation of the human from any place by
doctor.
The principle is useful for multichannel information belt.
The circuit is applicable at mine for working without remote.
The principle is applicable for robotic tank, robotic swipe, and robotic
submarine at the time of war. The principle is also useful for supply the water to farm, garden, etc .
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4.4 ADVANTAGES
High touch resolution
Highest image clarity
All glass panel, no coatings or layers that can wear out or damage.
4.5 FETURES
You can control up to 10 devices. It may be any electric or electronic
appliances or devices with simple to heavy appliances. Each device is given a
unique code.
It makes accurate switching, any false switching of device are not done.
There is no risk for false switching.
Your local phone can be used for normal use by using a DPDT switch.
To perform any operations through remote phone line, the user needs to dial to
the local telephone then the respective code of the device is dialed.
This system detects the ringing signal from your exchange with the help of
ring detector and automatically switches ON.
This device saves your money. This circuit switches OFF after a time of 60
seconds.
Before changing the state of the device we can confirm the present status of
the device.
4.5 LIMITATION
The receiver must reside in a location where a signal with sufficient strength
can be received from a cellular phone network.
Only devices with electrical controlling input ports will be possible targets for
control.
Operation of the controlling unit is only possible through a cell phone with
control capabilities.
The Controlling unit must be able to receive and decode the data.