8
"#$%& '()*(#+,-& "#$% &'(#) ./0/123

Group Leadership

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Group leadership

Citation preview

  • !!!!!! !

    !

    "#$%&!'()*(#+,-&!!!

    !

    "#$%!&'(#)!

    !

    !!!

    !

    ./0/123!

  • !"#"$%&'()*+,%-%.'/+01234+5'%&'16784+!!

    "#$%!&'(#)!++++

    9%:5'+2;+$2-

  • !"#"$%&'()*+,%-%.'/! ! 01234+5'%&'167846!7!

    *88!4'.$#('8!/$#$(96!$:38-)(9%!;*+,-.!1*2*3')$45;!'9)!;5#(%/.!?@7@!"#$%!&'(#)A!

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

    ./$!9$$)!D,#!(9.$#>$#C,9'8!/'#4,95[!! 21,$)#13$*#+*/#!'9)!.#$'.!./$4!)(DD$#$9.85!+'C$)!,9!>$#C,9'8(.($C!'9)!3,44-9(3'.(,9!C.58$C[!! -($,+0$*)+,#$0+$*+:#)$0)-**-,9A!N!3'9J.!C.#$CC!./(C!$9,-%/O!./$!8$')$#!E/,!E'9.C!,#!9$$)C!./$!

    >,E$#!(C!./$!8$'C.!8(G$85!>$#C,9!.,!-C$!(.!3,##$3.85[!! 21,$(#,(#$0"#$.1/1,2#$,##3#3$-,$/#00-,9$*#+*/#$(+2-1/-?#$8(@$9#00-,9$0"-,9($3+,#A!N!D$$8!(.JC!

    (4>,#.'9.6!'9)!-8.(4'.$85!4,#$!$DD(3($9.6!.,!8$.!%#,->!4$4+$#C!C.#'5!D#,4!./$!'%$9)'!'!8(..8$A!I$..(9%!,DD!C,4$!C.$'4!,93$!(9!'!E/(8$!(9!'95!8,9%!#$/$'#C'8!(C!(4>,#.'9.!$4,.(,9'885!'9)!>C53/,8,%(3'885A!"#,->!4$4+$#C!9$$)!.,!.#-C.!$'3/!,./$#6!'9)!.,!D(9)!./'.!.#-C.!+5!+,9)(9%!C,3('885!(C!H$#5!/$8>D-8A!

  • !"#"$%&'()*+,%-%.'/! ! 01234+5'%&'167846!?!

    *88!4'.$#('8!/$#$(96!$:38-)(9%!;*+,-.!1*2*3')$45;!'9)!;5#(%/.!?@7@!"#$%!&'(#)A!

    -($)#(*#20#36!E(./!'!C,8()!3/'#'3.$#!(9!./$!$5$C!,D!./$!,./$#!%#,->!4$4+$#C[!! -($*)+;#((-+,1/6!E/,!),$C9J.!4'G$!(.!>$#C,9'86!(9C.$')!3/,,C(9%!.,!C.'5!%#,-9)$)!(9!$C.'+8(C/$)!

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

    ! !"#$%&$-($,+0$1$*+:#)$)+/#6$0"#$%&$-($5+)#$0"#$B#,;+)2#)$+;$0"#$*+:#)C$)+/#A!Y/(C!4'5!C$$4!'!

    D(9$!)(C.(93.(,96!C,!NJ88!)#'E!'!>'#'88$8A!Y/$!SA2A!3,9C.(.-.(,9!L'9)!(.C!'>>$9)'%$CM!(C!./$!8'EA!Y/$!$9D,#3$#!,D!./$!8'E!(C!./$!F-C.(3$!C5C.$4A!Y/$!F-C.(3$!C5C.$4!(C!9,.!./$!4'G$#!,D!./$!8'E[!./$(#!#,8$!(C!.,!4'G$!C-#$!./'.!E/'.$H$#!./$!8'E!(C!%$.C!D,88,E$)A!2(4(8'#856!./$!K,9C(+(8(.5!(C!.,!/,8)!%#,->!4$4+$#C!'33,-9.'+8$!.,!E/'.$H$#!./$!%#,->JC!$:>$3.$)!9,#4C!'#$A!!

    ! N9!./'.!8(%/.6!0"#$%&'($)+/#$-($0+$1(7$0"#$9)+4*$0+$3+$:"10$0"#$9)+4*$"1($1/)#13>$2+55-00#3$0+$

    3+-,9A!ND!E$!C$$!./$!K,E$#!+'C$!'9)!4,#$!'C!'!C$#H'9.!,D!E/'.$H$#!8'E!/'C!+$$9!$C.'+8(C/$)6!(.JC!$'C($#!.,!#$4,H$!,9$C$8D!D#,4!3,4+'.(H$9$CC!'.!E$88P>8'3$)!C-%%$C.(,9C!'9)!)$3(C(,9C!#$%'#)(9%!#$/$'#C'8!.(4$A!

    !N!),9J.!G9,E!/,E!./$!K!.,!-C[!./$!.E,!5$'#C!N!E'C!(9!./$!%#,->!E$!C.'#.$)!E(./!C$H$9!9$E!4$4+$#C!L,-.!,D!9(9$M!(9!2$>.$4+$#!'9)!+5!`,H$4+$#!$'3/!5$'#!E$!E$#$!#$')5!E(./!'!.E,!/,-#!C/,E!,D!.E$9.5P.E,!C,9%CA!N!3#$)(.!./(C!.,!%,,)!#$/$'#C'8!4'9'%$4$9.A!!!!A?+97'+,368$+B81'$

  • !"#"$%&'()*+,%-%.'/! ! 01234+5'%&'167846!b!

    *88!4'.$#('8!/$#$(96!$:38-)(9%!;*+,-.!1*2*3')$45;!'9)!;5#(%/.!?@7@!"#$%!&'(#)A!

    !!"#$&D'($)+/#$("+4/3$)#8+/8#$1)+4,3$517-,9$0"#$5+(0$+40$+;$:"10#8#)$-($.#-,9$)#"#1)(#3A!B$!/')!'9!(9$:>$#($93$)!%#,->!E(./!'!+#'9)!9$E!CA!c$!C'()!C,4$./(9%!H$#5!(4>,#.'9.!,9$!)'5O!,9$!,D!,-#!C,9%C!F-C.!/')!9,!C59$#%5A!U$,>8$!E$#$9J.!C(9%(9%!(.!3,##$3.85!'9)!$H$#5,9$!/')!8,C.!D'(./!(9!./$!C,9%!'9)!,-#!'+(8(.5!.,!)$8(H$#!(.!'C!'##'9%$)A!]H$#5,9$!E'C!4'G(9%!C-%%$C.(,9C!'+,-.!/,E!.,!#$'##'9%$!./$!4-C(36!'9)!./$!!>#,)-3$)!,#!5,-!/(#$!'9!,-.C()$!'##'9%$#6!'##'9%(9%!C,9%C!,9!>'>$#!(C!(9H'8-'+8$!(9!/$8>(9%!./$!!./$!C,9%!3,9C(C.$9.!'9)!$9.$#.'(9(9%A!!

    ! F,+:$0"#$54(-2A!!!

    o Y/$!#$>'#$)!'.!'95!4,4$9.!.,!C.,>!./$!C,9%!'9)!3,##$3.!'!>'#.!'33,#)(9%!.,!./$!'##'9%$4$9.A!!

    !o *95!3/'9%$C!.,!4-C(3!9$$)!.,!+$!E#(..$9!),E9!C,!5,-!3'9!G$$>!'!#$3,#)!D#,4!#$/$'#C'8!

    .,!#$/$'#C'8A!N!E'C!(9!'!%#,->!,93$!E/(3/!/')!%#$'.!C59$#%5!'9)!E$!4')$!->!4'95!C,9%C!,9!./$!D85A!c,E$H$#!,-#!C,9%C!C,4$.(4$C!)()9J.!8'C.!+$3'-C$!C,4$!,D!-C!3,-8)9J.!#$4$4+$#!/,E!./$!>'#.C!E$9.A!$#P'##'9%$)!C,9%C!)$%$9$#'.$)!+$3'-C$!./$!3/'9%$C!E$!4')$!E$#$!9,.!E#(..$9!),E9A!B$!C>$9.!'!8,.!,D!.(4$!(9!#$/$'#C'8!#$8$'#9(9%!>'#.C!+$3'-C$!E$!)()9J.!4'(9.'(9!4-C(3!(9!'!3,44-9(3'+8$!D,#4A!*!%,,)!'>$#!C,!$H$#5,9$!3,-8)!#$4$4+$#!./$(#!>'#.CA!

    ! G((-9,$*1)0(A!*D.$#!E,#G(9%!.,%$./$#!D,#!'!E/(8$6!4,C.!%#,->!4$4+$#C!G9,E!./$!3'>'+(8(.($C!,D!

    ./$(#!>$$#C!E$88!$9,-%/!.,!'CC(%9!./$!#(%/.!>'#.C!.,!./$!#(%/.!>$,>8$A!!!

    o *C!'9!'))$9)-4!.,!'CC(%9(9%!>'#.C6!4'5!N!C-%%$C.!9,.!/,8)(9%!'-)(.(,9C!D,#!8$')!>'#.C!.,!C,9%C6!'.!8$'C.!9,.!)-#(9%!./$!#$/$'#C'8f!Y/$C$!'-)(.(,9C!,33->5!.,,!4-3/!#$/$'#C'8!.(4$!(9!./$!$H'8-'.(,9!,D!'!C,8,(C.!'9)!),9J.!9$3$CC'#(85!'))!.,!./$!C-4P.,.'8!,D!./$!%#,->JC!>#,)-3.A!ND!5,-!3/,,C$!.,!/,8)!'-)(.(,9C!D,#!8$')!>'#.C6!),!(.!,-.C()$!./$!#$/$'#C'8!E(./!./$!$#C,9!(9!./$!8$')!#,8$!.,,!,D.$9A!!4$4+$#C6!%(H$!./$4!

    ./$(#!'CC(%94$9.C!'9)!%(H$!./$4!'!)$')8(9$!D,#!8$'#9(9%!./$(#!>'#.C!'E'5!D#,4!#$/$'#C'8A!Y/(C!4'5!+$!),9$!3,9H$9($9.85!$8$3.#,9(3'885A!6!U(C,!

  • !"#"$%&'()*+,%-%.'/! ! 01234+5'%&'167846!g!

    *88!4'.$#('8!/$#$(96!$:38-)(9%!;*+,-.!1*2*3')$45;!'9)!;5#(%/.!?@7@!"#$%!&'(#)A!

    C'5(9%6!d/$56!hC,9%!ij!(C!#$')5^%,!.,!./$!C/'#$)!D,8)$#!'9)!/'H$!5,-#!>'#.!8$'#9$)!+5!hR!)'.$jAe!k9!)$')8(9$!)'5!5,-!3'9!C>$9)!5,-#!.(4$!>-..(9%!./$!4-C(3!.,%$./$#!#'./$#!./'9!C>$9)(9%!.(4$!.$'3/(9%!>'#.CA!Y$'3/(9%!(C!C.(88!9$3$CC'#5!'.!.(4$C6!+-.!(.JC!4-3/!4,#$!$DD$3.(H$!.,!.$'3/!,985!./$!.#,-+8$!C>,.C!'9)!8$.!./$4!8$'#9!./$!C/$$.!4-C(3!,-.C()$!#$/$'#C'8A!

    ! &17#$140"+)-010-8#$3#2-(-+,(A!"(H$!./$!,E$#!'+-C$C!(D!4(C-C$)6!+-.!D,#!./$!C'G$!,D!.(4$!C,4$.(4$C!(.JC!9$3$CC'#5!.,!)#'E!./$!8(9$!,9!3/'9%$C!.,!'!C,9%A!"(H$!./$!$D-885!./$!!C/,-8)!C$.!'!.(4$!C3/$)-8$!D,#!/,E!,D.$9!>$,>8$!C/,-8)!+$!#$Z-(#$)!.,!#$H($E!+-C(9$CC!,#!./$!D,88,E(9%!()$'C!E,9J.!E,#GA!

    ! H+(0$.4(-,#(($+,/-,#A!Y/$!+-C(9$CC!4'9'%$#!C/,-8)!>,C.!'95!4-9)'9$!,#!-93,9.#,H$#C('8!

    +-C(9$CC!.,>(3C!,98(9$!D,#!)(C3-CC(,9!L'!>#(H'.$!C$3.(,9!,9!5,-#!E$+!>'%$!(C!%#$'.!D,#!./(CM[!$4'(8!E,#GC!E$88!'8C,6!$C>$3('885!(D!5,-!-C$!'9!$4'(8!>#,H()$#!E/(3/!C.,#$C!./$!$4'(8!C.#(9%C!'C!3,9H$#C'.(,9CA!U,C.!'!)$')8(9$!D,#!./$!.,>(36!,#!'9!K2TU!)'.$!D,#!3'8$9)'#!(.$4CA!

    !o 1'8$9)'#!(.$4C!L%(%C6!#$3,#)(9%!)'.$CM!3'9!+$!3,,#)(9'.$)!./#,-%/!,98(9$!C/'#$)!

    3'8$9)'#CA!!o T,.$!(.$4C!C/,-8)!/'H$!'!V#$C>,9)P+5J!)'.$!C,!>$,>8$!#$C>,9)!(9!'!.(4$85!4'99$#A!

  • !"#"$%&'()*+,%-%.'/! ! 01234+5'%&'167846!l!

    *88!4'.$#('8!/$#$(96!$:38-)(9%!;*+,-.!1*2*3')$45;!'9)!;5#(%/.!?@7@!"#$%!&'(#)A!

    ! &17#$>+4)$21(#A!Q,#!'95!9$$)CP'PH,.$!(CC-$C6!%#,->!4$4+$#C!4'G$!./$(#!'#%-4$9.C!D,#!,#!

    '%'(9C.!'!>#,>,C$)!()$'!$8$3.#,9(3'885A!!! a-#(9%!./$!+-C(9$CC!>,#.(,9!,D!./$!#$/$'#C'86!./$!&(3!'9)!'95!4'(9!

    >,(9.C!D#,4!./$!)(C3-CC(,9!C.#(9%A!! I+0#$,+:6!,#!,./$#E(C$!4'G$!./$!)$3(C(,9!'33,#)(9%!.,!5,-#!%#,->_C!C5C.$4A!!

    o a,9J.!E'C.$!.(4$!(9!#$/$'#C'8!.,!'#%-$!./$!4$#(.C!,D!+-C(9$CC!(.$4C[!5,-JH$!'8#$')5!),9$!(.!,98(9$A!!

    !o "#,->!4$4+$#C!E/,!3/,C$!9,.!.,!>'#.(3(>'.$!(9!./$!,98(9$!)(C3-CC(,9!/'H$!D,#D$(.$)!

    ./$!#(%/.!.,!4'G$!'95!'#%-4$9.C!(9!#$/$'#C'8A!!!

    D-(24(($.-99#)$0+*-2($-,$*#)(+,A!2,4$!4,#$!3,9.#,H$#C('8!.,>(3C!#$Z-(#$!./$!-C$!,D!(9P#$/$'#C'8!.(4$!D,#!)(C3-CC(,9!C,!>$,>8$!3'9!3,44-9(3'.$!4,#$!38$'#85A!Y/$!E#(..$9!E,#)!3'9!+$!(9.$#>#$.$)!.,,!4'95!)(DD$#$9.!E'5C!'9)!C,4$.(4$C!C.(3G5!.,>(3C!'#$!+$..$#!)(C3-CC$)!(9!>$#C,9A!U8'9!E(./!./$!K(3CA!

    ! SC$!+-C(9$CC!.(4$!D,#!'95!C>$3('8!(9C.#-3.(,9C!D,#!->3,4(9%!$H$9.CA!!

    S98$CC!5,-!/'H$!'!8,.!,D!+-C(9$CC6!,#!(D!5,-#!+-C(9$CC!D,#!'!#$/$'#C'8!(C!4,#$!C$9C(.(H$!(9!9'.-#$6!5,-!C/,-8)9J.!+$!.'G(9%!4,#$!./'9!'!D$E!4(9-.$C!.,!.'G$!3'#$!,D!+-C(9$CC!)-#(9%!./$!#$/$'#C'8A!!!!E?+97'+F-!4$4+$#C!C/,-8)!+$!(9!3/'#%$!,D!'8E'5C!./(9G(9%!D#,4!'9!'-)($93$!>$#C>$3.(H$A!c,E!),$C!5,-#!%#,->!8,,Gf!B/'.!),!5,-!),!+$.E$$9!C,9%Cf!B/,JC!4'G(9%!$5$!3,9.'3.6!'9)!E/$#$f!*#$!5,-!)'93(9%f!B/'.!)'93$!C.$>C!'#$!5,-!-C(9%f!B/'.JC!./$!'DD$3.!./(C!C,9%!L,#!%#,->!,D!C,9%CM!%,(9%!.,!/'H$!,9!./$!'-)($93$f!*CC(%9!'!4$4+$#!,D!5,-#!%#,->!.,!'8E'5C!./(9G!(9!./$C$!.$#4CA!]H$#5,9$!C/,-8)!+$!),(9%!C,4$!,D!./(C6!+-.!4'G$!(.!,9$!>$#C,9JC!'CC(%94$9.!C,!(.!3'9!+$!'))$)!.,!./$!)(C3-CC(,9!D,#!$'3/!C$%4$9.!,D!5,-#!C/,EA!2(93$!5,-#!'-)($93$!(C!5,-#!+(%%$C.!'CC$.6!4'G$!C-#$!C,4$,9$!(C!'8E'5C!4'(9.'(9(9%!./'.!'CC$.A!!!G?+H'%&'16784+48$,>8$!(9!8$')$#C/(>!>,C(.(,9C!'+-C$!./$(#!>,E$#A!2,4$.(4$C!./$5!'#$!-9'+8$!.,!3'##5!,-.!./$(#!#$C>,9C(+(8(.($C!)-$!.,!>$#C,9'8!3,9D8(3.C6!(93,4>8$.$!CG(88!C$.C6!,#!,./$#!D'3.,#CA!N.!4'5!+$3,4$!9$3$CC'#5!.,!#$4,H$!'9!(9$DD$3.(H$!,#!3,4+'.(H$!8$')$#A!a,(9%!C,!(C!8(G$85!.,!.$'#!./$!%#,->!D#,4!(.C!>-#>,C$!'9)!)(H()$!./$!%#,->!4$4+$#CA!Q$$8(9%C!'#$!%,(9%!.,!%$.!/-#.!'9)!>$,>8$!'#$!%,(9%!.,!/'H$!3,9D8(3.A!Y/$!+$C.!')H(3$!N!/'H$!#$%'#)(9%!8$')$#C/(>!D'(8-#$C!(C!.,!3,9)-3.!'88!5,-#!%#,->!(9.$#'3.(,9C!(9!'!d%#,->!D(#C.O!(9)(H()-'8!C$3,9)e!D#'4$!,D!4(9)!'9)!4'G$!)$3(C(,9C!+'C$)!,9!./'.!'..(.-)$A!!!

    J#$7-,3$0+$*#+*/#!E/,!9$$)!.,!+$!3,##$3.$)A!!

  • !"#"$%&'()*+,%-%.'/! ! 01234+5'%&'167846!0!

    *88!4'.$#('8!/$#$(96!$:38-)(9%!;*+,-.!1*2*3')$45;!'9)!;5#(%/.!?@7@!"#$%!&'(#)A!

    J#$"45./#!(9!.'G(9%!3,##$3.(,9A!

    G*+/+9-?#!E/$9!5,-JH$!+$$9!(9!./$!E#,9%A!

    K+)9-8#!E/$9!5,-JH$!+$$9!E#,9%$)A!!

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mH$6!$H$9!-9#$'8(C.(36!+-.!NJH$!C$$9!(.!E,#G!.,!,9$!)$%#$$!,#!'9,./$#!(9!>#'3.(3$A!Y/(C!.$9)$935!.,!'+-C$!>,E$#!(C!'8C,!./$!#$'C,9!NJH$!C-%%$C.$)!#,.'.(9%!8$')$#C/(>!>,C(.(,9C!>$#(,)(3'885A!!!&5!-C(9%!./$!#,8$C!,D!K$/$'#C'8!$D-885!5,-_88!#$D(9$!./$C$!()$'C!.,!5,-#!%#,->_C!C>$3(D(3!9$$)C!'9)!+$3,4$!+$..$#!$9.$#.'(9$#C!(9!./$!>#,3$CC6!'9)!/,>$D-885!5,-_88!D(9)!'!+'8'93$!(9!4'G(9%!5,-#!#$/$'#C'8!.(4$!'C!$DD$3.(H$!'C!>,CC(+8$A!!!!!!!!!!!+

    ":23CA!"#$%!/'C!#-9!E,#GC/,>C!'4,9%!C(9%$#C!(9!$(%/.!C.'.$C!D#,4!3,'C.!.,!3,'C.A!"#$%!(C!./$!3-##$9.!&RS!*!1'>>$88'!18-+!D'3-8.5!')H(C,#A!N9!/(C!C>'#$!.(4$!/$!$9F,5C!>8'5(9%!'9)n,#!E'.3/(9%!D,,.+'886!#$')(9%6!3,,G(9%6!'9)!C>$9)(9%!.(4$!E(./!/(C!E(D$!'9)!./$(#!./#$$!3/(8)#$9A!!+

    ":23,#'#5!*!3'>>$88'!2,3($.5_C!$)-3'.(,9!'9)!,-.#$'3/!'#46!,#%'9(\(9%!$)-3'.(,9'8!4'.$#('8C!L>#(4'#(85!+,,G8$.C!'9)!H()$,CM!'9)!,./$#E(C$!/$8>(9%!4$4+$#C!8$'#9!'+,-.!'!3'>>$88'!D#,4!>$#D,#4$#C6!C3/,8'#C6!$)-3'.,#C6!'9)!,./$#C=!Y,!D(9)!,-.!4,#$6!H(C(.!./$!>#,%#'4_C!E$+C(.$!L/..>OnnEEEA3'C'A,#%n3'C'3')$45M!,#!3,9.'3.!>#,%#'4!)(#$3.,#!&$9F'4(9!2.$H$9C!L+C.$H$9Co3'C'A,#%MA!!!

    ,%-%.'/!c,E!.,!4,H$!D#,4!_C-#H(H(9%_!.,!_./#(H(9%_!./#,-%/!%#,->!4'9'%$4$9.!.$3/9(Z-$C=!

    !