Green Network 2009

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Co2-Besparende initiativer fra virksomheder i syddanmarkindustrial CarBon saving initiatives in southern denmark

WALKING

THE TALK



Work SET

S U S T A I N A B L E E N E R G Y

at

T E C H N O L O G Y A T W O R K

”Walking the Talk” is published at the

occasion of COP 15 by: Green Network,

Grønt Netværk Sønderjylland,

Miljøforum Fyn, Miljønetværk Syd.

ISBN: 978-87-993536-1-3

TexT: Freelance journalist Karin

Svennevig Hyldig, Vejle, and journalist

Anita Lillevang, Green Network.

edITor: Anita Lillevang.

ArrANged By: Green Network, Vejle.

grAphIc deSIgN: Aakjærs AS, Vejle.

prINTed oN: MultiArt Silk as ecolabeled

production.

puBlIShed: November 2009.

phoTo credITS: AP Maskinteknik A/S,

BASF Construction Chemicals Denmark

A/S, DAKA Biodiesel a.m.b.a., Danfoss

A/S, Vattenfall A/S, DSI Givskud Zoo,

Kolding Kommune, Philips Denmark,

NW Gruppen A/S, Blue Water Shipping

A/S, Kennet Krebs – Odense Kommune,

Poul O. Elmström – Fiberline, Steffen

Stamp – Reklamefotograferne and Karin

Svennevig Hyldig.

this Book is puBlished with support from:



IndustrIal carbonsavIng InItIatIves In southern denmark

WALKING

THE TALK



4 00

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38-54

26-37

Content

organisation / Behaviour

teChnology

renewaBle energy

ConstruCtion

12 companies act on corporate responsibility

Companies in the south of Denmark all have an important

role to play with respect to Climate Change – like all otherbusinesses.As the organizations focus on reducing greenhousegas emissions, the environment impact is reduced andthey benet from reduced energy consumption and animproved bottom line.The measures applied are many: behavioral and organiza-tion, energy sound design and renovation, intelligent useof new technology, renewable energy sources etc.A key objective of the four environmental associationsin the south of Denmark, Miljøforum Fyn, MiljønetværkSyd, Grønt Netværk Sønderjylland og Green Network, isto support the companies in improving environmentalperformance. The associations have established a jointproject on Climate Change for efcient and intelligentuse of energy resources. The project is supported by theRegional fund of EU.This publication is part of the project together with the sitewww.klimakassen.dk – where companies may be inspired

or present energy saving projects in a simple way.We hope that managers and energy responsibles in thecompanies in Denmark and abroad may get inspired toseek wise answers to the corporate responsibility for ourcommon Climate.

Green Network Miljøforum Fyn

Grønt Netværk Sønderjylland Miljønetværk Syd



6 01

100 01 02 03 04

organisation and Behaviour

2,0

1,8

1,6

1,4

1,2

2004 2004 200820072005 2006

Liters of Diesel per tonne of waste

”Our environmental initiatives areusually protable. This has beendemonstrated again and again …”

Ole Fuglsang

58 seconds of idle – ten meters at15 km/h – 110 seconds of idle – eightmeters at 10 km/h – 40 seconds ofidle …Due to health and safet y reasonsthe truck has to stop completelybefore the operators can jump offthe truck and collect the green wastecontainers. Meanwhile the squeaky

diesel engine works on compressingthe waste already collected.There is no doubt that there aremany good reasons why the waste

trucks have as low a fuel ecomonyas 1.2 – 1.3 km per liters of diesel andis ranked high on the top hundredlist of vehicles with high dieselconsumption.Despite this fact, the motivation ofOdense Renovation A/S is intact. Afew years back, the managementdecided to educate all the drivers

in ECO-driving at a one day trainingcourse at GH Trucktraining atRønnede, Denmark. Against all odds,the result was a reduction in fuel

consumption by 5 percent and anemission reduction of 91 ton CO2.The savings corresponded to a costsaving of 65,000€ per year.Even though other companies havedemonstrated savings of 10-16percent applying the same type of

training courses, the environmentalcoordinator at Odense RenovationA/S Ole Fuglsang is satised:“Compared to the big transportingcompanies with trucks crossingEurope, our budgets and opportuni-ties for achieving savings are small.Anyway, the costs of the ECO-drivertraining courses have been paid backwithin one year due to the reducedfuel consumption”, he explains.A one day training course at GHTrucktraining costs approximately260€ per driver.Odense Renovation A/S has alreadydecided that the drivers will attendthe course again. With a frequencyof three to four years to maintainthe skills.

”Simply because expensive habitsare difcult to get rid of. From timeto time we join the teams and weconduct meetings on eco-driving

approximately ever y six months”,explains transport manager Palle N.Andersen who is managing the 48refuse collectors of the company.The efforts pay off as the fuelconsumption decreases each timethe awareness is being raised. The

transport manager admits that bothhe and the drivers initially wereskeptical about the training courses.

Eco-drivers learn thelessons againT bor o ot rqr ott rot fro ORoto a/s, bt t coto rotrot t cott rc. T rqr, ootr t, qt tbbor t …

Odense RenOvaTiOn a/s

Ole Fuglsang, enviROnmenTal COORdinaTOR



8 01

because a part of our services isbeing tendered.”“If a landll machine consumes e.g.35 liters of diesel per hour, it may payoff to acquire a similar vehicle whichis more efcient, if the consumptionis only 19 liters of diesel per hour andthe additional investment is only 10percent. We have many considera-tions of similar kind because thereis no ofcial standard describingsuch aspects – yet,” explains theenvironmental coordinator of the‘slightly atypical company’ as he

describes his workplace.

Our board does not expect a protof 15 percent per year but we needto develop our business – also withrespect to environmental perform-ance. Within this eld we can proveour abilities, Ole Fuglsang points out,and he believes that environmental

awareness and nancial commonsense payoff.”Our environmental initiatives areusually protable. This has beendemonstrated again and again and Ido not believe that you can separatethese two aspects. To ac t responsiblyis a good business. Also with respectto the environment,” he says.

”Our employees can also use the eco-driving techniquesoutside the working hours and in that case theenvironmental savings may be even more signicantbecause the driving is more continuous.”

TRanspORT manageR, palle n. andeRsen

“Today we are met with full supportand positive f eedback throughoutthe organization. Our employees canalso use the techniques outside theworking hours, and in that case theenvironmental savings may be evenmore signicant because drivingin general is more continuous,” thetransport manager assumes.The staff operating the landllshave also followed the eco-drivingtraining course.The operators even compete inminimizing the daily consumption of

diesel, explains Erik Pedersen, who isa recycling consultant.”You may quote me for sayingthat we train people to think forthemselves and to take it easy.And such behavior pays off,” FinnAndersen, operation manager, sayswith a smile.

Stressed employees make mistakeswhich are expensive for thecompany. To illustrate this for theoperation of a landll, the trick is torelocate the piles of contaminatedsoils as few times as possible. And itis important to drive with care.“A classic mistake for new employeesis to accelerate with full speedin order to make sure to ll the

grabber,” the operating managerexplains.“In general it requires a continuousawareness to change habits. On a

continuous basis we need to repeatour target and objectives. If we relaxand lose focus, so will the operators,and the use of concepts such as ‘takecare of yourselves’ or ’work smarter– not harder’ is not sufcient,” OleFuglsang says.Environmental improvements intransports is a pioneering topic,the environmental coordinatorunderlines.“The construction sector is far aheadof us,” he points out. But improve-ments are being achieved. In recent

years, Odense Renovation A/S hasparticipated in a number of experi-ments and development projects.As soon as 2001 almost all vehicleshad particle lters installed andcurrently some of the trucks operateon carbon neutral cold-pressedrapeseed oil.”We tend to be among the rstmovers and have to develop theideas and standards ourselves,”says the environmental coordinator,who is proud of the scoring systemdeveloped by the company for greenprocurements.The objective is to achieve thehighest environmental benetpossible for the least amount ofmoney. The algorithm in the scoring

system is extensive, Ole Fuglsangsays.”At the same time we need tobe competitive in terms of price



10 01

“If technology does not provide an easy solution,one’s comfort takescommand.”

niels ChR. Radl

danFOss auTOmaTiC COnTROls

niels ChR. Radl, supply manageR

Danfoss saves money onstandby consumptiona ttc ffort, c ttt bor, rc t tb coto of ctrct b ro. 35 rct t dfo atotc Cotro t tow of Ko.

”I believe, that energy savings is 90pct. about attitude and 10 pct. abouttechnology. But energy savingsthemselves do not make the bottomline. This is probably the core ofthe problem,” says Niels Chr. Radl,who is Supply Manager at DanfossAutomatic Controls in Kolding.”Moreover, we are creatures ofhabit and luxury. If technology doesnot provide an easy solution, one’scomfort takes command.””During the good times we havebeen running full speed in a three-shift system. Then you don’t thinkabout savings, but merely aboutefcient production. However, the

crises turned up and I discoveredthat even when production sloweddown, we still used lots of electricityon standby consumption. We were

no longer used to turn off ourappliances and the awareness ofwhat to gain by simply turning offwere gone. People believe that whatthey can do themselves is like a dropin the ocean.”The high standby consumptionbecame quite obvious during theweekends, when there was no oneat the factory. When the productiontook place in the week days, theconsumption was 20,000 kWh perday. When the factory was emptyin the weekend, it went down to10,000 kWh per day. This is a lot: Onaverage, a family in a single-familyhouse consumes 7,000 kWh – per

year.It is a big help for Niels Radl thathe can read the factory’s detailedconsumption statistics at the

TRE-FOR website. When theChristmas of 2008 approached, hedecided to turn off all appliances inthe factory without compromisingsafety. Now the minimum level ofidle running was to be established.This was 3,500 kWh per day. ”Nowwe will launch an energy projec t,”decided Niels Radl. ”We are goingafter the idle consumption.”

”Before starting the idle consump-tion project, we introduced anenvironmental assessment of all

new purchases. Meanwhile I askedmyself: Where are the big sinners?”One of these is called compressedair, Niels Radl divulges.”Compressed air is expensive. 90pct. of the consumption is due toheat loss and thus all the places,where pneumatic tools can beexchanged with electric tools, we doso. There are also plenty of leakagesin the pneumatic tools and they are

costly. A 1 mm hole in a tube that isexposed of a pressure of 8 bars costs2,000 DKK a year.”One of the few investments thatNiels Radl has made is in motionsensors which turns the light on andoff automatically.”Here you can make money” he sayswith a smile.”The pay-back period is much morethan four years. However, it is alsoa matter of environment, CO2 – andnot least of a strong character.The signal value of using sensor

controlled lighting is high.”The next phase implied a systematicassessment of all the machines,using an internal questionnairewhich compares their energyconsumption with their ef ciencylevel and subsequently providesthem with either a green A, yellowB or red C label. The ‘trafc light’label Niels Radl has adopted aftercareful considerations and a lotof discussions. In fact, it is not asunequivocal as you should think todecide whether or not a machine isenergy efcient.The machines which carries thegreen label are OK, the ones witha yellow label must be given moreattention during operation and the

ones with a red label requires action– this could be re-constructionor possibly replacement. In thequestionnaire each team is asked to

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12 01

consider, whether there is any pneu-matic tools that can be replaced.

”Every sec tion has a maintenanceteam. They are the specialists andthey have the responsibility foroptimising the machines. At themonthly security inspection it ischecked whether there is progresson the machines.”Finally Niels Radl and his staffis working on a manual for eachmachine, where it is outlined whatan operator has to do in different

situations, and which also describethe power-up and shutdownroutines.”The attitude among the machineoperators is the key,” underlinesNiels Radl. ”That they are able torecognise the importance of energysavings.”

The systematic assessment of thefactory, the power-up and shutdownroutines as well as the investment inthe motion sensors means that theidle consumption now range

between 6,000 and 7,000 kWh.”It has virtually implied no costs,”Niels Radl declares.”It is pure attitude: turning off theequipment. I have preached attitude:That one needs to do like at home.That you don’t leave the car atthe parking place with the enginerunning, while at work. For some ithas had an effect. Others don’t care.But generally it is well received.””It is a matter of full delegationof the responsibility. I consider ifsomehow measurements could be

carried out in the teams and therebypromote competition betweenthem. To make it more fun to saveenergy,” Niels Radl concludes.

Danfoss Automatic Controls in Kolding produce magnetic valves for the industry and for the operation of air conditioning systems,refrigerated display counters etc. The valves are produced in allsizes, ranging from the ones that t a tap to valves in which ahuman can actually t. For the time being there are 450 employees at the factory in Kolding.



14 01

“We discussed the possibility ofrecycling a few hundred cubicmeters of wastewater, just toavoid the drainage fee”

pOul lehn Rasmussen

it is all about establishing realisticand clear targets and intermediateaims” says Poul Lehn Rasmussen.

He prefers to distinguish betweentwo types of targets: Maintenancetargets, which relate to achievedtargets which need to be main-tained; and improvement targetslike the program for recyclingwastewater which was implementedby the company a few years ago.

“Human behavior does not change

just like that. We must rememberto appreciate the continuous andpraiseworthy effort. Both with aview to motivate and maintain focusand to keep us vigilant” he pointsout.

Ideas for new initiatives often ariseduring the frequent meetings in thecompany. The initiatives must

be economically balanced, but theyare not required to generate a largeprot.

“For instance, we discussed thepossibility of recycling a few hundredcubic meters of wastewater, just toavoid the discharge fee. It was nota considerable amount of money,5-6€ per m3, but the investmentwas reasonable: Two pallet tanksof one m3 and a few new workinginstructions for one operator. Hismotivation increased considerably

when the results became obviousin the budget. After all, it is aboutcreating results we can be proudof,” explains the technical managerwho has previously worked for theenvironmental association “GreenNetwork” in Vejle, Denmark. Forthis reason it was natural for him tomake environmental issues a part ofthe agenda from day one in his newposition.

He knew that the sum of manysmall initiatives easily can grow andachieve substantial results. This isespecially the case in a diversiedcompany like BASF in Rødekrowhich includes both production andadministration ac tivities.

According to the Danish EnergyAgency, 80 percent of thepower consumption in an ofce

Focus and common sense. This is therecipe that chemist and technicalmanager Poul Lehn Rasmussen citewhen he is asked how the peopleat BASF succeeded in halving theamount of wastewater as well asthe energy consumption per tonnesproduced since 2001.

“I would not claim that we havedone anything trendsetting.But a high level of responsibilityand empowerment among ouremployees, clear communication,focus on environmental improve-

ments and many minor initiativesand tests. It certainly worked for us,”he states.

BASF produces additives for theconcrete industry and other cementbased products for the constructionindustry. It all started as a f amily runbusiness in 1959 and the companyhas today 65 employees.

Outside the industry, the Germancorporation BASF is widely knownfor their prehistoric production ofcassette tapes in the 1970’ies and1980’ies. But ”Bayrische Anilin undSoda Fabrik” is a diversied companywhich employs almost 100,000people worldwide.

“Of course we have corporate guide-lines and we cannot spend 2 Mill. onenergy savings – just like that. To us,

Small initiatives– huge impactW t rocto cr b 100 rct, t ctrct o wt b 30 rct. BasF Rkro, drk, rc tr crbo o b or t o rto , bt t t o ot k b

ot of t.

BasF RødeKRO

pOul lehn Rasmussen, TeChniCal manageR

2001 2008200820062004 2005

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16 01

environment is used for lighting,HVAC and computers includingaccessories. Approximately 40percent of the consumption takesplace between 17.00-7.00 and istypically the result of hardwareand other ofce equipment whichis on standby or not turned off,continuous HVAC or excessive airconditioning of the server room.

At BASF, the last person to leave theofce switches off all lighting from

”… responsibility and empowerment among our employees, clearcommunication, focus on environmental improvements andmany minor initiatives and tests. It certainly worked for us ...”

pOul lehn Rasmussen

one single switch and in the years tocome all light tubes will be replacedwith energy efcient substitutes.Last year the entire corporationdecided to replace all computermonitors with at screen monitorswhich will save up to 90 percentof the energy consumption. It allaccumulates.

Most remarkable, though, is theenergy savings identied in produc-tion. An example is the compressorsfor compressed air. If the distribution

system has leaks the compressor willconsume a lot of energy in order tomaintain the pressure in the system.It is easy to adjust, but it requirescareful, periodical leak testing,explains Poul Lehn Rasmussen.“We could of course replace thecompressor but such an investmentmust prove to be cost-effectivewithin a few years. This is a problemin many companies, and it illustrates,that nancial considerationsshouldn’t constitute the soledecision making basis.”

The most important and mostdifcult task though, is to inform theemployees in a precise and sufcientmanner about the expectations that

is placed on them.“Nobody must be in doubt if paperclips can be put in the paper bin ornot. In our case they go together

but on the other hand, the papermust be dry – never wet. We mustcommunicate clearly and consist-ently and set out the frameworkwhich supports responsible behavior.Otherwise people will not behaveresponsibly.”

“With respect to ex ternal commu-nication we also have an advantagein communicating clearly andconsistently” Poul Lehn Rasmussenpoints out. ”Our clients recognizethe value of certication and our

employees perceive a clear target asa motivating factor. So far so good.On the other hand I am not sure thatthe end users know what we standfor. We might work more on thisissue”, he says.



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Get the economicalbenets of environmentalprojectspot o t B Wtr s ebr,drk o or t r of t rc rt for ro rot rforc. abo, t b wor rot wr to b“ c ”; t crt r.

equipment and because less equip-ment in the server room reduces theneed for HVAC.Blue Water Shipping A/S is aDanish shipping agency operatinginternationally within all-roundshipping-, transport – and logistics.

The company has its headquarters inEsbjerg, Denmark and Lennart Vossis the It manager.He has already created space in theroom of four m3 which until recentlywas lled with servers for servicingthe 950 employees worldwide withsoftware, emergency systems,telephone lines etc.“As an example, we had 46 of these.Only 14 remains but the capacity isunchanged. A saving of 70 percent”,he explains as he shows a black boxwith ashing lights in the size of anA4 paper sheet, and 3 cm thick.In total Lennart Voss estimates a costsaving of minimum 10-15 percentof the power consumption aftervirtualising all the hard disk-servers

that are suitable for these measures.But he does not know for sure, as theserver room has no separate energymeter. HSEQ Manager, Kim Beier is

the environmental devotee of thecompany and he regrets this missingmeter: “Environmental projects mayresult in considerable cost savings.But they are difcult to documentwhen we are not able to measurethe difference,” he explains.

“If you want to communicatewith business people, intentionsconcerning the survival of thehuman race are not sufcient. Theywant facts, and both colleaguesand clients can be skeptical towardsinvisible environmental threats.” Thisis the experience of Kim Beier.

The Danish Electricity Saving Trustestimates that the server roomswithin Danish companies consumeelectricity corresponding to 150 Mill.€ annually. According to Americansurveys, the expenses will double

within the next six years. Thepower consumption of each servercorresponds to the consumptionof one Danish household and as a

consequence thousands of euroscould be saved by replacing thephysical servers with virtual servers.In other words, the company’scomputer brain could use availablecyberspace capacity instead.

The endless rows of servers may bereduced together with the energybill. The savings arise from thereduced energy demand from less

teknology

Blue WaTeR shipping

Kim BeieR, hseQ manageR

5.000

4.500

4.000

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2004 200820072005 2006

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Learn more about savings in server rooms and virtualisation.On the The Danish Electricity Savings Trust web site, www.savingtrust.dk, you may nd the ”Guideline for operation andmaintenance of energy efcient server rooms”, which includesbest practice check lists.

”No matter if climate change is theresponsibility of the human race ornot, I will take part in assuring thisplace for future generations. But thisis my secret agenda”, he smiles.

”We are not in a position wherewe can allow ourselves to beidealistic on behalf of our clients. Theargumentation needs to be rationaland reect common sense andcompetitiveness. In that case a lot ofgood can be done,” concludes KimBeier while admitting:

“It took me quite a while tounderstand this…”

Green initiatives have often proveneven more protable than theenvironmentally sound. As anexample, Blue Water managed toreduce the amount of general wastefrom 80 to 20 tons during 2004 just

by introducing a waste managementsystem and by removing some wastecontainers at the port.”The people in the city of Esbjergapparently found out that theycould get rid of their waste this way.We did not realize that we couldn’tpossibly generate this amount ofwaste ourselves,” says Kim Beier. Onthe other hand, he is not aware howeffective the energy managementsystem in the main building hasbeen. In a developing innovationcompany it is difcult to quantify

such impacts.

From 2007 to 2008, Blue Waterexpanded by 78 employees. The year after the company had to layoff 10 employees due to the globaleconomic crisis.There is no doubt that in both cases,the organizational changes havehad an impact on the consump-tion of electricity, water, heating,paper, toner and waste generation.But how big is the impact? This isone of the variables in Kim Beier’sequations.“You will need to establish environ-mental key performance indicators.This could be consumption peremployee or per m2. Despite of

this, you may end up with a lowerperformance during a crisis anywaydue to economies of scale.”

When the IT manager LennartVoss decided to test if the PowerControlled Plug Strips could reducethe ofces’ energy demand, heinstalled the rst items at the 54desks at the ofce in Århus. Heknows the equipment will pay offbecause each strip costs 9€ while thestand by LED on equipment easilycosts 40€ per annum. The ac tualsaving by implementing the PowerControlled Plug Strip he will know ina year’s time.From a greater perspective, Kim

Beier dreams about reducing theenvironmental impact for the entiretransport sector. As he says:”We actually don’t produce anythingphysical in this ofce. But oursuppliers, the hauliers, use millionsof liters of diesel each year. Thesaving potential is tremendous inthat sector.”His favorite example is a simple testconducted by Blue Water a few yearsback.“The situation was unique. During aperiod of time we were organizingthe transport of pipes from Løgstørto Esbjerg. It was a reasonable shortdistance which was repeated severalhundred times with the same cargo.We asked some drivers to reduce the

speed by 5-10 km/h below the speedlimit. The result was an increase byve to ten minutes of each trip and

a saving of 10-15 percent of the fuel,”he explains.

Today, Blue Water Shipping places anumber of environmental require-ments on drivers, and moreover itworks for an increase of the use ofrail and ships in the transport sec tor.

Even though Kim Beier thinks thatthe development is progressingfar too slowly, a new CO2-savingtransport system, ShortSea/Trailer,is being developed. The system

combines road and seaway transportdue to the high road tax prices inGermany. The concept implies thatcontainers arrive to the port ofEsbjerg by road from where they areshipped to Holland, Belgium, Irelandor England and nally reach theirdestination by truck far away fromthe German Autobahn.



22 02

”Fossil fuels also originate from dead plants and animals, but wedon’t believe that we should dig abattoir waste into the groundand wait a 100 million years for it to become oil. We can do it intwo days instead.”

QuOTaTiOn FROm daKa’s hOmepage

The story about Daka Biodiesel is

the story about a threat againstworld health which, in hindsight,ultimately may lead to somethingpositive.Today Daka Biodiesel produces whatcorresponds to two percent of theentire Danish diesel demand, therebysaving the atmosphere 121,550tonnes of CO2 annually. Moreoverthe fuel emits close to 90 pct. lessharmful particles than traditionalfossil diesel.These results were probably notreached, if the cattle disease BSE or’mad cow disease’, had not spread tohumans in Great Britain in the endof the last century, and caused panicaround the world. Since January 1st2001 it has been forbidden to feed

animals with animal proteins dueto BSE.Until then, Daka was a well driv en,co-operative owned recycling

company that converted by-prod-

ucts, e.g. lard, blood and bones fromthe abattoirs, into animal feed, andit was able to pay a fair price forthe raw materials. However, afterthe ban, several hundred thousandtonnes of abattoir waste had to beincinerated, and the farmers – thecompany’s shareowners – werepaying the bill.The Technical Director KjærAndreasen has been a drivingforce in the, by now, independentsubsidiary, Daka Biodiesel, that inits two year old renery in the townLøsning converts around 50,000tonnes of animal fat into 55 millionlitres of CO2-neutral biodiesel every year. This is enough to cover justaround one ftieths’ of the Danish

demand for diesel – or supplyapproximately 50,000 cars withCO2-neutral fuel.

The installation itself is constructedaccording to a thoroughly testedAustrian concept. As Kjær Andreasenexplains:”Our expertise doesn’t include theconstruction of production systemsfor the manufacturing of biodiesel.By investing in a thoroughly testedturnkey system we have gotcertainty for the economy and thetime table and reduced the technicalrisk.”As a further step to ensure thenecessary know-how for Daka

Biodiesel, the German companyecoMotion has been invited to takepart in the new subsidiary with anowner’s share of 10 percent.”The more we produce in total,the more interesting our productbecomes for the oil companies andother buyers,” the technical directorexplains.

Daka Biodiesel is a protablebusiness. But with a plus of aroundve million DKK in the rst year ofoperation, there is still a long wayto the half billion DKK that KjærAndreasen hopes to compensate theshareowners.Much of his time has been spentto change the framework condi-tions – e.g. making it feasible to sellbiodiesel in Denmark.A challenge he is still s trugglingwith.Until 2011, at which point all

diesels in Denmark have to beadded seven percent of biodiesel,Daka needs to transport 90 pct.of its environmental friendly fuel

Climate Friendly by NeedTr coo c ft t corto bo-f of dk Bo

daKa diesel

KjæR andReasen, TeChniCal diReCTOR

2,0 mio

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0 5 25 %302010 15

Tonne of CO2 saved if all Danes arerunning at 7% or 30% biodiesel



24 02

“We have a good case. But our biodieselwill neither save Denmark’s northe world’s climate alone …”

mR. KjæR andReasen

production – almost 50 million litresof biodiesel per year – by tankers toother European countries, e.g. theUK and the Benelux countries, wherethe framework conditions are moreadvantageous.”And this doesn’t really make sensefrom an environmental viewpoint,”the technical director concludes.Here in Denmark Daka’s bio-dieselis so far only used on a trial basis.E.g. in the town of Århus, where allpetrol stations since spring 2009have sold diesel which is added ve

pct. of biodiesel. The city buses inÅrhus and a part of the regionalbuses in the Central Denmark Regionand Funen are also supplied withanimal biodiesel in different mixtureproportions. And for one year thePeugeot model 308 has been drivenby 30 pct. of Jutlandic biodiesel.The feedback is positive. Thismeans that the costumers hardlyexperience any difference comparedto traditional diesel. Which, to benoted, is positive. Fuel is not tocreate cheering. It just has to work.You see, the advantages are invisible.Fossil fuels emit CO2 that otherwisewas encased under the surface ofthe earth, while bio fuels, producedfrom dead plants and animals, emit

CO2 that has recently been absorbedfrom the atmosphere.Nevertheless, there are someenvironmental technical challenges

in relation to Daka’s biodiesel, e.g.there are more nitrogen oxides in theexhaust gas than in “old-fashioneddiesel”.”We are hoping to resolve thisproblem by means of emissionlters or engine optimizations,” saysKjær Andreasen who gets help, inthis respect, from the cooperationparties in the innovation consortiumWaste2Value: Grundfos A/S, OKa.m.b.a, Dinex Emission TechnologyA/S, the Danish TechnologicalInstitute, Peugeot Denmark and the

Technical University of Denmark.Some employees at Daka havenow for three years used biodieselblends of between 5 and 50 pct.without problems. As an exampleKjær Andreasen’s own black CitroënC5 has steadily traveled 200,000kilometers with 30 percent biodieselin the tank.He is convinced that the prospectsof biodiesel are excellent. Hisstaff is already well underway toinvestigate, whether other residuesthan animal fat could be used forliquid fuels.”Gasoline and diesel will appreciatein value as the oil exhausts.Hopefully, then we will have alot of electric cars, at least in the

short and easy transport, whilebiodiesel will be a very cost-efcientalternative for the heavy trafc,”Kjær Andreasen says and adds that

aviation is not likely to be poweredwithin the next few decades.There will be enough customers. Butfor Daka the success will be limited,he points out:”As regards the environment, theenergy and the climate, we have agood case. No doubt about that.But our biodiesel will neither saveDenmark’s nor the world’s climatealone, due to the limitations in theraw materials. We may contributewith a small patch for the patchworkquilt that will hopefully secure our

environment and energy supply inthe future” he declares.



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300 01 02 03 04

”The annual electricity consumption of 129 houses or 64,419 kg ofCO2 so much has the municipality saved the environment. Thisis particularly the choice of recycled stone and paper insulation,which merges into the accounts for the construction phase.”

QuOTaTiOn FROm pRess Release in RelaTiOn TO TheinauguRaTiOn OF The Building, 9. nOvemBeR 2009

Immediately you would think thathere the Municipality of Odensehas lashed itself out. Because themasonry on the new home for thementally handicapped young people,Bjerggårdshaven in Southern Seden,bears a striking resemblance to therustic hand stroked tiles, that qualityand design conscious builders

happily pay a high price f or.

But the bricks actually derive from ademolished twine factory in Peløkke

on the Island of L angeland, and theydid not cost more than the cheapestgrades from the brickworks. TheRecycling Company ”Old Bricks”in Svendborg has by means of apatented technique cleaned theused bricks for mortar residues, andthereby saved the atmosphere atotal of 37 tonnes of CO2.

Burning new bricks is an ex tremelyenergy consuming process. In turn,the building bricks are virtuallyindestructible. They stand to be

stepped on, buried and to withstandthe elements for thousands of years.The Chinese Wall and Babylon’s 3000 years old brick-friezes at the Glyptotekin Copenhagen indicates this.”It is a shame to crush such nice anddurable building material just to use

it for lling material in the roads”the owner of “Old Bricks” Claus JuulNielsen says.So far he can easily keep up withthe demand. Many people are stillskeptical about the idea of re-usingbuilding materials and furthermorea steady rumor is abroad that it ismore time consuming and therebymore expensive to build with usingrecycled bricks.That rumor has nothing to do withreality, Claus Juul Nielsen insists:”If the bricklayers are capable oftheir workmanship, rustic masonrywith slightly obsolete bricks is notrequiring anything extra. However,many builders are always too latein thinking about using recycled

bricks. And when you have to changethe contract, it always costs extra.No matter if the change is actuallycostly. However, these are the rules

Focus on the environmentfrom day oneT mct of O ́ w o for tc o o bot bt fro t rot,t rc t coo. a bto erotstr gro kt t r trok t w.

Odense KOmmune

henRiK ma x Rasmussen, Building COnsulTanT,muniCipaliTy OF Odense

Building ConstruCtion

100 %

75 %

50 %

25 %

recycledbricks

paperwool linoleum

CO2 load in % of conventional materials



28 03

”If the bricklayers are capable of their workmanship, recycling bricksdoes not require anything extra. However, many constructors arealways too late in thinking about using recycled bricks. And when you have to change the contract, it always costs extra …”

The OWneR OF ”Old BRiCKs” Claus juul nielsen

of the game in the Danish BuildingIndustry,” he says.In other words, the environmental-friendly builder should take control,and set a clear agenda from daynumber one. This is also what theMunicipality of Odense - as thebuilder of Bjerggårdshaven - haslearned, the Municipality’s buildingconsultant, Henrik Max Ramussennotes.Before the project was dened atall, he formed an EnvironmentalSteering Group, whose role was to

maintain the green focus, incorpo-rate environmental requirements inthe tender material and ensure thatthe involved crafters and buildingprofessionals possessed the neces-sary references. Their involvementand general knowledge aboutenvironmental matters needed to bedocumented.

From the very start the EnvironmentalSteering Group consisted of a coupleof municipal representatives andLars Holm from “EnvironmentalForum Fyn”. Gradually it wasextended with the architect, theengineer and the constructor.”It has worked out beyond allexpectations. All involved have taken

ownership and responsibility for theenvironmental goals of the construc-tion.” Henrik Max Rasmussen says,who himself has learned a lot from

the many discussions within theSteering Group. About geothermalheat and other alternative energysources, for example, or about prosand cons of using chemicals in groutor drain pipes without PVC.The Environmental SteeringGroup has proved its worth. TheMunicipality of Odense has nowestablished a Working Group, whichare to propose how to best ensureenvironmental goals in buildingconstruction processes.When 40 mentally handicapped

young people during the winter

move into their two-roomapartments with bathroom andsolar-heated water, oak parquetoor, kitchenette and a view of”Vollsmose” and ”Tusindårsskoven”(the ”Thousand Years Forest”), theycan be sure that every little d etailin the building has been thoroughlythought of: From the wall insulationmaterial of old news papers andthe heat saving energy windowsto the high-ceilinged commonrooms equipped with LED-lightningand linoleum oors, which emits

half as much CO2 as oors with

PVC-coatings. Every thing for a rentof 6,000 kroner per month.

“On the whole the building construc-tions only became a couple ofpercent more expensive, than if youhad chosen more common solutionsand materials all the way”, HenrikMax Rasmussen estimates.The additional expenses will soonbe recovered, thanks to the l owerenergy consumption.“There was even room in the budgetfor more expensive building work”,

he tells.”We have used just about 17,500 DKKper square meter – approximately1,000 DKK less than the frameworkfor public supported buildingconstructions. “This should benetthe tenants” the Building Consultantsmiles.If it was up to him, the Municipalityof Odense should establish anEnvironmental Steering Group forevery major building project fromnow on.

The Municipality of Odense recievedan environmental Diploma fromthe Minister of Environment, TroelsLund Poulsen, at a ceremony at thebuilding site in Seden South on 9.

November 2009.



30 03

“I’m so proud. It is also the employees. We do not save alone onbusiness but also on our conscience …”

pReBen KiRKeBy

nW gRuppen

pReBen KiRKeBy, managing diReCTOR

Intelligent ofces are to savethe snowballs of the futureTo r tcoo co k t nW gro htt w obo to cor r cotro t, w tco w to b w b 2007. Bt t tof t ffct took ro b rr. it t w o

for t ct.

”The round ones there, blinkingred, taste whether there is anyonepresent in here. And the square darkelds constantly taste how brightit is in here. We also have sensors,which tastes the air outside. 333 daysa year, it is not at all necessary tocool it down.”The Managing Director Mr. PrebenKirkeby is showing around in NWGroup’s Headquarters in Hedensted.This comprises 950 newly construc–ted, light and obliging square metersof ofce, canteen, equipment roomsand conference facilities.

He explains how the light and theventilation are automatically turnedoff when people leave the room.

How the air is replaced 2.5 timesper hour. The radiators turn offautomatically, when the ventilationstarts. And the light intensity isadjusted to the persons working inevery single ofce. Some prefer 290lux for working. Others 310. But sofar no one has required the 500 lux,which the lamps are able to perform.”In the common ofces we are quitenaturally obliged to compromise. Butthis has not caused any problemshere with us,” he tells. Obviously itis not the rst time Preben Kirkebyis showing around in his intelligent

ofce building.”I do not notice the air neither the lightin here. Consequently, I know thateverything is as it should be” he smiles.

But nevertheless, to the questionabout the actual cost of the system,the Managing Director has to give up.”Actually, I d o not think, that it hascost us anything extra,” he says.”All ttings and sensors are from ourown cooperation partner throughmany years, Phillips. In that respectour situation is probably a little bitspecial. We got a very good offer.

But off course it has been connectedwith costs to install and adjusteverything properly”.To the NW Group, which amongstothers delivers green telephony to500 public and private companiesand which is nominated as a” GazelleCompany” by the business magazineBørsen, it was obvious to think aboutintegrating modern energy savingtechnology in the construction ofthe new Headquarters. But the wayof installing it, they have found outby themselves.

”We were looking for an installer,who was capable of doing it for us,but everyone threw in the towel. Itwas then. Today I do believe it wouldbe possible to nd someone who iscapable.” Preben Kirkeby assumes.

Actually, Preben Kirkeby did notbecome aware that his intelligentofce building was ahead of its timeuntil the Minister of Environment“Troels Lund Poulsen” - by request -paid a visit to the newly establishedCompany in Løsning. ”He asked,why we had not calculated oursavings. We had not considered thisat all” Preben Kirkeby says, who gotvery surprised by the fact that thecalculations indicated savings for

the NW Group corresponding to 65pct. of a normal lighting budget andthat 80 pct. less power was usedfor ventilation compared to the

100 %

75 %

50 %

25 %

ventilation varme belysning

Annual CO2 savings thanksto intelligent control

Calculations are performed byNRGi Rådgivning A/S in Horsens



32 03

most common systems. Translatedinto cash this corresponds to anannual saving of 50,000 DKK on theelectricity bill.

In addition the heat exchange systemreuses 80 percent of the heat, whichhalves the heat consumption inrelation to companies of a similar size.”I’m so proud. So are the employees.We do not only economise onthe operation, but also on our

conscience,” the Director says, who,however, also must recognize, thatcurrently there are no plans to imple-ment an energy optimisation of theNW Group’s department in Brøndbyfollowing the same prescription.”Unfortunately, this doesn’t pay of fwithin the existing buildings. TheDepartment in Brøndby is placedin a lease within an elder buildingcomplex. Even with a good offeron sensors, it would be far too

expensive” he says and guesses that90 percent of the intelligent ofcesof the future will be established innew building constructions.

Yet, at the time of writing, heactually still needs to install the NWGroup’s own energy saving solutionsin several ofces. Amongst otherhe would like the PC’s to turn offautomatically when the employeesleave the company. This should bedone to save power for stand-byoperation as well as to prevent short

circuit res.”It is the next chapter: If you arelooking at a working place as mine,with a wireless phone, loud speakers,conference-phone, mobile chargerand PC, it could easily consume 40watt on stand-by power per hour.However, in this respect, we canconnect the working place with IPtelephony. Consequently, ev erythingwill turn off when we leave – forthe benet of the environment, theeconomy as well as the security”Preben Kirkeby tells.

Another sore point regards theservers. Being a technology industry,the NW Group has a whole swarm,and typically it requires three times

as much energy to get the heat outof the server room, than the serverneeds to be useful. Owing to thisfact all servers are to be gathered

in one physical sever with connec-tion to a number of virtual servers,within a short period of time. PrebenKirkeby is looking forward andhugs an articial snow ball– theNW Group company gimmick forcustomers and business links. On thesoft rubber ball lled with creakingrice, a short text reminds thereceiver that the icecap around theNorth Pole has shrunk with 40-45percent within recent years.He is proud that the NW Group inHedensted has done a little more to

support its slogan:”In 50 years it must still be possibleto make snowballs in Denmark”.

”I do not notice the light or air in here.So I know it is as it should be.”

pReBen KiRKeBy



34 03

”… and for those municipalities, which yet haven’t discovered thatsomething exciting is going on: Look around and get started ...!”

minisTeR OF ClimaTe and eneRgy COnnie hedegaaRdaT The inTeRneT siTe WWW.eneRgiByeR.dK

At many places within the countrypoliticians were in two mindsand discussed whether a title as”EcoCity” was worthwhile going for.In Kolding, however, neither politi-cians nor professional people were indoubt, when the Minister of Climateand Energy, Connie Hedegaard, in2008 were looking for green frontrunner municipalities with highclimate ambitions, which couldqualify for the title “EcoCity ”.A quality stamp which the Ministerherself compares with the label:“Supplier to the Royal Danish Court”– established for municipalities withthe courage to lead the way in the

ght for a healthy environment andstabilisation of the climate.”In the Municipality of Kolding weare clearly convinced that obviously

we should be one of Denmark’sEcocities! We must, because for avery long time we have been one ofDenmark’s leading environment-,energy- and climate munici-palities …”, the Technical ManagerHans-Jørgen Bøgesø initiates the29 pages long application, whichis packed with documentationabout the Municipality of Kolding’sefforts since the late eighties. It ismore than 20 years ago that theMunicipality devised its rst ambi-tious environmental plan taking itspoint of departure in the then muchdiscussed and debated Brundtland-report, ”Our common future”, which

brought global sustainability intofocus for the rst time.Since then, the Municipality hasrepeatedly overtaken the national

politicians on the inside withambitious environmental goals –and reached them long before thelikewise ambitious deadlines.For example the politicians in 1997decided to reduce the Municipality’sown electricity-,heat- and waterconsumption by 13, 16½ and 20percent respectively, before 2006.The CO2-emissions were to bereduced with one fth. All goalswere reached in 2004.The Municipality’s most recentenergy action plan is far more ambi-

tious and already revised upwards.Thus originally the politicians aimedat reducing the CO2-emission percitizen in the Municipality of Koldingwith 60 percent before 2021. This hasnow been adjusted to 75 percent:8-11 tons CO2 per citizen or two tothree times as much as in the rest ofthe country.Where a number of others munici-palities locally have adjusted themandatory energy requirements fornew buildings according to ’energyclass 2’, corresponding to an energyconsumption one quarter lower thanthe mandatory requirements, theMunicipality of Kolding demands atleast ’energy class 1’: correspondingto an energy consumption below

half of what’s required in thebuilding regulations from 2008.”With the right counselling it caneasily be done within a normal

KOlding KOmmune

meReTe dissing pedeRsen, enviROnmenTal manageR,muniCipaliTy OF KOlding

Green audacity yields aprot of 30 percentecoCt Ko rt o bo t ow btorot o ow er C 1 rw b. it tr ot to b rotb b.

90

70

50

30

10

1988 20061997

Kg.CO2 emittedper.municipal square



36 03

building budget, and the require-ments haven’t given neithercompanies nor residential developerscold fee t,” Environmental Managerand engineer Merete DissingPedersen assures.”No one has complained or appliedto be exempted from the energyclass 1,” she says and dryl y remarks,that “probably no one will be”.Merete Dissing Pedersen are oftenmet with scepticism, when sheencourages other municipalities toget moving, to place environmental

requirements on businesses andengage people in environmentalissues. Because it pays off.”They are particularly worried thatbusinesses will seek other pastures,but our experience is exactly theopposite. Our local business commu-nity supports the environmentalrequirements whole-heartedly. Theyare aware that this is the path wemust follow, and that it pays to takethe lead,”she says.

Indeed, The Municipality of Koldingwas nominated in 2009 in thenewspaper Børsen as Denmark’smost business-friendly municipalityand is furthermore predicted asignicant population growth at 8.3

percent before 2022.The municipality’s much debatedbad economy is not caused by ideal-istic environmental investments,

Merete Dissing Pedersen stresses.Quite the contrary actually:”Here I can actually allow myself toboast, as municipal environmentalinvestments in labour, supplies andnew equipment now gives an annualreturn of 30 percent. Today Koldingis saving energy correspondingto 6.3 million DKK annually – inour own buildings alone. A similarrate of return you will get a hardtime nding elsewhere,” theEnvironmental Manager says, who inparenthesis notes that she has not

even included the PR value.In her opinion the municipalities areobvious promoters of large commonenvironmental initiatives. Firstlythe municipal administrations andinstitutions have a large energyconsumption themselves which canbe more efcient and secondly thereis a close contact to the ci tizens.Practically speaking, the strategy issuper simple, she stresses:“We have consistently chosen topick the lowest hanging fruits rst.Because there are enormous savingsto achieve just by continuouslychanging to low energy light bulbsand ttings, white goods in the bestenergy class, optimise installed unitsand mount sensors and stuff.”

In Kolding the long term andcomplex investments are alsoprogressing rapidly. The 30 percentof renewable energy, which the

Municipality has targeted within2016, is already about to be reached.So most likely this environmentaltarget also has to be adjustedupwards.As early as 1999 Kolding wasnamed “The Solar City of theYear” – amongst other due to theurban renewal of 80 apartments,which involved Europe’s then largestbuilding integrated solar pv plant inthe downtown building ’Solgården’.Since then, the Municipality hasgained status as a magnet for

green residential building projects.Everywhere in the Municipalityclusters of ’passive houses’, ’zeroenergy houses’, ’sunshine houses’and ’green multi houses’, emerge.Naturally, the Municipality i tself hasalso been responsible for a numberof environmental friendly buildings,including a school made out ofsheer compostable environmentallyfriendly materials.”We have had broad political supportfor what we are doing all along, andthis is of course a prerequisite forgetting started. But additionallyit doesn’t require much more thatcourage and pioneer spirit” theEnvironmental Manager declares,whose tasks amongst others involve

being up to date and to inspireothers through a myriad of differentenvironmental networks. Overall, theMunicipality of Kolding has allocated

1.9 full-time employees to managetheir green objectives and maintaina high level of ambition.”We can always be better. I haveactually learned a lot from workingwith our business association”Business Kolding”, where theattitude is, that ’We want to benumber one – not number two orthree’. In the public administration,we probably have a tradition ofbeing too humble and cautious,”Merete Dissing Pedersennishes.

“No one has complained or applied to be exempted fromenergy class 1. If so probably no one will be …”

meReTe dissing pedeRsen



00 01 02 03 04

4

0438

”A heat pump with a buffer tank at the chimpanzees pays for itself with three years and results in an annual savingof 45,000 kr. We are going from using 10,000 liters of oilto 0 in a stable, where a temperature of 20 degrees andventilation of 4,000 m 3 air per hour are required.”

Kaj RauFF

The zebra-striped vehicles used forthe internal transport in Givskud Zooare a source of huge CO2 emission tothe atmosphere, and that annoys theTechnical manager Kaj Rauff:”We are using 33,000 liters of diesel oilannually. We are emitting lots of CO2”.

But this has to end in 10 years atthe latest. The ZOO, placed in MidJutland, has established the target

of phasing out all fossil fuels and toreplace them by sun- and hydro basedenergy systems, hydrogen technologyand some common sense.

“The purpose of Givskud Zoois dissemination, research andconservation,” Kaj Rauff e xplains.”The idea of sustainability andecology is a natural extensionhereof.”

The internal transport is one of thechallenges, if the zoo is to becomecompletely CO2 neutral. Givskud Zoohas an area of 125 hectares of which

half constitute the Zoo. The rest isforest, natural and agricultural areas.A lot of driving is done.

”In the long term we would like to usehydrogen as a fuel for our vehicles.However, in the short term, we willmost likely choose electric vehicles forour transport, due to the fact that weare already CO2 neutral with regard toelectricity” Kaj Rauff explains.

”New types of batteries combinedwith solar cells will enable us tomanage all transport needed in theZoo: busses, trains, cars, tractors.I am dreaming about driving ourguest around in ten hydrogen-trainsinstead of them driving around intheir own cars.”

The power used by Givskud Zoois purchased on a contract basisand delivered from Norwegianhydropower. On this account theenvironment is saved 300 tonnes ofCO2 annually. But why Norwegianhydro power? What is wrong withDanish wind power?“Nothing, it is just 0.025 DKK more

expensive per kWh,” Kaj Rauff states,who also has to make the ends meetin relation to the budget. And thenthere is the thing about having wind

turbines placed in the middle of theDanish-African savannah in MidJutland.Heat pumps have had an enormousimpact on heat consumption inGivskud Zoo. The animals shouldfeel well and most of them originally

belong under distant, and muchwarmer, skies. This requiresunder-oor heating in thecool, humid Danishclimate. Gorillas andlions must lie dryand warm,

In 10 years we are CO2 neutrallot of r to r gk Zoo. eotc rqr ot of t tto t tb, twr cr rqr ot of trort. T o fort ftr to r t b of ro.

givsKud ZOO

Kaj RauFF, TeChniCal manageR

renewaBle energy

725

700

675

650

625

600

2003 200720062004 2005

1.000 KWh/year



0440

”We have build a water based solar cell plant at the roof of therhino stable and we have a PV based system maintaining thewater level in the water pit at the chimpanzees.”

Kaj RauFF

between 18 and 20 degrees at night– all year.”“We are c ontinuously renovatingthe stables according to the samestandard as for residential buildings”,Kaj Rauff explains.After the renovation the costs ofheating up the Lion Stable amountto 20,000 kr. annually. The oldstable was only half as big, but our

heating costs amounted to 44,000kr. annually.”

25 lions are living in the stable, whichhas under-oor heating and 250 mmof insulation. It is heated by meansof an automatic stoker, red with12 tonnes of wood pellets annually.The stoker is supplemented by asystem that recovers 90 percent ofthe heat and keeps the temperatureat a constant level of 18 degrees. Inthe summertime natural v entilationin the roof constructions enables a

decent working environment for theanimal keepers.

”We were thinking about thisbuilding for three years and

we got a new stable indouble size and with half

the price on energyconsumption”, Kaj

Rauff states.

It is his experience that you maycome a long way by using currenttechnologies for energy savings.But the future vision is solar cells andhydrogen.

”With 1,7 hectares of solar cells weare self sufcient in power” KajRauff says, who in Givskud Zoocurrently disposes of 12.000 m2 ofroofs where solar cells can be placed.And then he expects that fuelcells come down in price and up inefciency.

”We would like to be able to storeour surplus production as hydrogen,which in fact is power that can besaved. If someone wants to grantus 25 million DKK annually, then just come on. We have the ideas.”the Technical Manager laughs,and admits, that the tax policy inparticular hinders the developmentof the many ideas.

”We only have the incomes that weget from our visitors, and from thecafe and restaurant. In addition wereceive a state subsidy from theMinistry of Culture of approximately4 million DKK annually.”

”Our heat pumps are CO2 neutral.Our heat pump system at the chim-panzees is operating with savingsof 30 percent in relation to oil. And

due to the fact that we use naturallyproduced power to operate the heatpumps, we could well imagine beingreleased from CO2 and electricitytaxes. Then maybe we can afford todevelop something more, to affordthe next experiment”.

When Kaj Rauff puts his visions forthe future into words, one wordis constantly repeated: hydrogen.The dream is to be able to skip thealternative energy and go directlyto the sustainable – hydrogen.

”Hydrogen is the biggest resource atthe globe, the cleanest energy everfound: You go from water to water.And proper technology is available;it is just not cost-effective yet. Butwe would be pleased to test thingshere and share our knowledge andexperience with others,” Kaj Rauffsays. With between 300,000 and350,000 visitors in Givskud Zooannually Kaj Rauff believes to have agood basis for a knowledge center inGivskud Zoo, which c an disseminateknowledge about hydrogen.But why in fact use so many effortson energy, when you are a TechnicalManager in a Zoo?”We should not be egoistic, but alsothink of those, who will succeed us,”

Kaj Rauff says and adds:”Besides, it is more fun to live, if youengage in life.”



0442

”The overall efciency in Unit 8 is extremely high: 103 pct.due to the fact that we produce both electricity and heatusing ue gas condensation. Moreover we can take bothmore types and fuels of higher moisture than others.”

Klaus WinTheR

”We have got the world’s best, andfor the moment largest, straw-redplant,” the proud Plant ManagerKlaus Winther sums up. He hasfollowed the process since the begin-ning: as a newly educated engineerhe calculated the economic implica-tions for Elsam with regard to theconstruction of biomass-red plants.Folketinget (the Danish Parliament)had recently adopted the BiomassAction Plan that enjoined PowerPlant Funen to build a biomass-redplant with a capacity of at least150,000 tonnes.

In April 2009, Klaus Winther tookover the position as Plant Managerfor the present owners, SwedishVattenfall A/S who runs the plant.

Now it is there, Unit 8, which can bered with up to 200,000 tonnes.The walls are decorated with earsof wheat, barley, oat and rye whichare more than 10 metres high. Thereshould be no doubt that it is here– right here – that biomass, year by year, will replace more than 100,000tonnes of coal and thus spare theatmosphere from245,000 tonnesof CO2.”The overall efciency in Unit 8is extremely high: 103 pct. dueto the fact that we produce bothelectricity and heat using ue gas

condensation. Moreover, we can takeboth more types and fuels of highermoisture than others,” Klaus Winther

underlines. “And we have to. Afterall, we have invested 750 Mill. DKK”Everything in Unit 8 is completelyautomated. An automatic crane,which is surveyed from the controlroom in Unit 7, lifts 12 bales at onego – 6.6 tonnes – and puts them onthe conveyor belt where the stringsare cut while the straw rolls up. Thenthe fuel is pushed into the boilerand dispersed on the grates in thebottom.”In fact this is all there is to it ” thePlant Manager remarks.

The so-called “grate boiler” is ableto incinerate virtually all known

sources of bio fuels. E.g. wood chipsare cheaper and just as suitable asstraw. Also dry matter of manurefrom biogas installations can beincinerated at the plant. However,so far the intention is to use strawat Power Plant Funen. Because thiscertainly has its advantages, K lausWinther stresses:”We can buy it from the localfarmers. It also benets the CO2 account that our fuel doesn’t have to

The World’s (for the moment)Largest Straw-red PlantHeats the Town of OdenseT trw-r t 8 t powr pt F b t for 15 r. a of t wtr 2009/10 t to owr

CO2 o w t ctz’ t- ctrct b.

FynsvæRKeT

Klaus WinTheR, pOWeR planT manageR

2,0 mio

1,9 mio

1,8 mio

1,7 mio

1,6 mio

Ton CO2 pr.year

unt il 20 09 aft er 20 09(prognosis)



0444

be transported so far. In addition, itincreases the security of supply.”The straw storage at Power PlantFunen has the space for 2,200bales of straw which weighs 550kilo each – that is 1,210 tonnes.This is just enough to cover thedemand from Saturday morning tillMonday morning. Unit 8 gets deeplydependant of on-time fuel delivery.

”A snow storm could block theproduction,” Klaus Winther admits.On the other hand, the coal storage

at Power Plant of Funen can manageup to 1.2 Mill. tonnes of coal – thusthousand times more than the strawstorage.”One disadvantage of bio fuelsis that they take up quite a lot ofspace,” the Plant Manager notes.Another problem is that strawcontains large amounts of chlorinewhich may corrode the walls of theboiler. There will probably be plentyof “ teething troubles” like this, hepredicts.”However, solutions turn up hereand there and there is no denyingthat this is the way to go”, Klaus

Winther says and reminds us ofVattenfall’s goal to become 100 pct.CO2-neutral in The Nordic countriesby 2030.The mother company, which isowned by the Swedish State, isamong Europe’s absolute biggestproducers of wind power and itowns 60 pct. of the offshore windpark at Horns Rev. As Europe’s fthlargest power producer and biggestheat producer, Vattenfall will duringthe next f our years invest billionsin hydro- and wind power, biomass

and the use of energy from wasteincineration.

Today a number of substancesfrom the cleansing of ue gasesare recycled. E.g. the y ash fromthe coal power units at Power PlantFunen is used as ingredients in thecement industry. A de-NOx systemsaves the environment from 3,200tonnes of nitrogen oxides annuallywhich may cause acid rain. Theresidual product from the desul-phurization plant – that extracts 97pct. of the sulphur that is emitted bythe coal ring at Unit 7 – is rec ycledin the ue gas cleansing system ofPower Plant Northern Jutland, whereit is transformed into plaster.

A co-generation plant will usuallylast for 30-45 years of operation,and so Unit 3 of Power Plant Funen,which was built in 1974, must be

shut down within the next ve years,while Unit 7 from 1991 can remainin production for a good numberof years. Both units are coal-redand account for approximately ninetenths of Power Plant Funen’s totalproduction. The last tenth is deliveredby the plant’s 15 year old incinerationplant and the new Unit 8.

Furthermore, Power Plant Funen isinvolved in a number of projects inorder to full the goal of becomingCO2-neutral, e.g. to establish a

facility based on gas from landlls atthe island Stigø. Old landlls, frombefore the time of waste separationand groundwater protection, gener-ates large amounts of gases and thisis to become an asset for the peopleliving at Funen.How much lower the electricity- andheating bill will be for the 85,000households and 7,000 institutionsand companies, who are supplied byPower Plant Funen, Klaus Wintherdoesn’t dare to predict just yet. Theheat prices are dependent on thefuel prices and the taxes.”However, as it looks now, weare facing lower prices from thebiomass red plants,” is his c autiousassumption.



0446

”The previous heating batteries created an awful lot of dust,but in our new facility we implemented oor heating whichresolved this issue. A heat pump is ideal for this type of heating.The heat pump works great for the heating radiation whichwe use in the other building …”

pReBen KRisTensen

”You sleep a little better. It is a nicefeeling to protect the environmentand concurrently reduce the xedcosts. Especially in times of nancialcrisis.”

The owner of AP Maskinteknik A/Sand winner of the EnvironmentalAward 2008 granted by Miljønetværk,Preben Kristensen and his wife AnnaKristensen are very pleased to berenowned in the local community as”those with the wind turbine”. In theeld behind their farm is a 600 kW

Vestas wind turbine which convertsthe fresh wind of Western Jutlandinto 1,3 Mill. kWh carbon neutralelectricity annually.

Behind the main house, four kilo-metres of 40mm black plastic tubeshave been sinked into the ground –reducing the carbon footprint by 90tonnes of CO2 – and the heating costby 13000€ a year.

Being an environmental front runneris, modestly expressed by PrebenKristensens, ”a sufciently protablebusiness”. In 2008 he, Anna and A.P.Maskinteknik were rewarded 4000€ when they received the award’Intelligent squaremetres’ fromthe mortgage institute RealkreditDanmark.But looking back, the blacksmithfrom Næsbjerg close to Varde hasexperimented with renewableenergy since the 1970’es. At homein Solbjerg, close to Tjæreborg

where he was born and raised, heconstructed a 22kW wind turbinemore than 30 years ago. Theturbine supplied the family withelectricity for several years. But intime, it simply became too smallfor the demand of the expandingcompany and the appurtenant houseestablished by Anna and Preben atNæsbjerg in 1984. In the beginning,the company was merely a one-manbusiness, but it soon ourishedand became the workplace of 12-15employees.A.P. Maskinteknik was among thelast in the municipality to obtainpermission to establish a windturbine on their property. That wasback in 1997 and the family did not

despair when the bank refused tonance the green investment of 620k€. They simply found another bank.The Vestas turbine has returned

the investment years ago and willoperate for at least eight more years– even though the f amily cannotconsume the electricity themselvesbut purchases electricity at a pricewhich is ve times as high as theprice of the electricity generatedfrom the turbine. Nevertheless it isa “juicy deal” and Preben Kristensenwould have been pleased to be theowner of additional wind turbines.”That era is over,” he presumes. ”Wewould never get the permission todo so.”

Maybe the heat pump is a moreattractive business. An investmentof 20.000€ back from 2007, hasalready paid back and the employeesbenet from an improved workingenvironment: “Our previous systemwith fan heaters created a lot ofdust, but our new facilities haveoor heating and a heat pump whichis ideal for this type of heating – butalso for heating radiation which weuse in another building.”, explainsPreben Kristensen while introducingus to the 2.800 m2 facility. Theprevious heating system wouldrequire approximately 15.000 litersof diesel annually. He is surprisedhow easy the switch from theconventional solutions to the new

energy saving heating systems hasbeen.“The installation simply looksafter itself and keeps a constant

ap masKinTeKniK

pReBen & anna KRisTensen, OWneRs

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”You sleep a little better. Because it s a nice feeling to protectthe environment and concurrently reduce the xed costs.Especially in times of nancial crisis.”

pReBen KRisTensen

temperature of 18-20°C at oor level.It is so easy and it circulates satisfac-tory without any generation of dust”,Preben explains while presenting theinstallation, a white Vølund Fighter1330 which resembles an ordinaryresidential refrigerator. It is suppliedwith a 500 liter buf fer tank, which islocated in the warehouse. However,he would not recommend a systemlike this for radiators or unit heaters.“Well, for that purpose one wouldrequire higher temperatures. Thepoint of using the oor heating is

that the heat comes from below andrises up. For such purpose there is noneed for high temperatures becausethe air is circulating naturally andit gives a good comfort for the feetand leg zone.”

Sufcient insulation is also impor-tant. The new building, which is1.000m2, has a low heat loss due tothe 150 mm of polyst yrene insulationin the ooring, 200 mm in the wallsand 265 mm insulation of the roof.When all is said and done, the black-smith from Næsbjerg is condentabout the future and the currentcrisis, using renewable energy. Hehas already experienced a de creasein demand for work compared tothe early, quite amazing, years of theMillennium. If this decrease should

result in some spare time, he knowsexactly how to use it: A small scalewind turbine for supplying a LEDlighting system which would beuseful in the dark seasons. And asolar heating installation for hot tapwater which is currently heated by500-600 liters of oil each year.The blacksmith from Næsbjerg haslearned that green dreams pay off.“In more than one sense” he sayswith that special Jutlandic twinkle inhis eyes.Read more about heat pumps onthe web of the Danish TechnologicalInstitute http://www.dti.dk/specialists/23543



0450

”Remember the heating. It may save you millions.”Corporate Sustainability ManagerBenedikte Jørgensen has no doubtsabout what her rst advice to othercompanies should be, because inher company, the family-ownedglass bre manufacturing companyFiberline Composites A/S, whichexports around 80 percent of itsglass bre proles - mainly to other

European countries - heat savingsis one of the active measures thathas had by far the greatest effect.This comes as a surprise to most

people. She continues to identifynew energy savings in the energyaccounting scheme. In 2006, whenthe company moved from the olddiary factory in Nr. Bjert, where it hadbeen established in 1979, to a new,architecturally modern, high-roofclass 1 insulated industrial buildingin Barmstedt Allé in Middelfartmeasuring 23,000 square meters, theheat consumption fell promptly from

320 kWh per square meter/year to 94.Since then it as been reduced further,to 67 kWh per square meter/year, andthe trend is still going downwards.

”Over the last few years, EnergyConsultants have focused mainly onelectricity consumption. That’s greatand denitely worth working on, butoften it is much more convenient toafter-insulate a building. This alsoapplies to older buildings,” BenedikteJørgensen points out. In springshe was appointed to the post ofSustainability Manager, a positionthat was created ad-hoc to keeptrack of the many energy and CO2 savings activities implemented atFiberline Composites.

Her message is backed by the DanishBuilding Research Institute, whichstates on its website that more thanone third of the 50 billion Danishkroner spent on heating and ventila-tion in Danish buildings could besaved - by simply changing windowsand af ter-insulating the worstexternal walls, oors and roofs.Even in new buildings,heating costs will typically swallowup around 30 percent of the energybudget.Therefore an enterprise with anunder roof premises measuringa couple of thousand squaremeters has the possibility of savingmillions of kWh, tons of CO2 andof course: millions of kroner, with

relatively simple means. In doingthis, companies will experience thepositive side-effects of a betterindoor-climate, lower employee

absence due to illness and a higherlevel of employee satisfaction.Shifting the emphasis to heat andenergy consumption will pay offon several levels, but it requires anextremely focused effort, underlinesBenedikte Jørgensen along withher colleague, Environmental andQuality Coordinator Morten PadkærNissen.First of all everybo dy in the companyneeds to be informed about whatis at stake and what is expected ofthem. There has been no shortage of

goodwill and motivation at FiberlineComposites. The employees weremore than happy to help in savingthe environment a couple of tonsof CO2 and their workplace

Regulation and insulationcreate environmentalmiraclesat Fbr Coot a/s mfrt, drk, rcoto cr rtc for t fort r

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”At KHR arkitekter we also experiment with new eco-friendlymaterials. One of these materials is glass bre composites,which do not carry heat, are extremely durable andeco-friendly.”

QuOTe FROm WWW.KhR.dK – hOme page FOR KhR aRKiTeKTeR,KnOWn sinCe The 1980’s FOR TheiR susTainaBle Building pROjeCTs

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thousands of wasted kroner. Butthey experienced that a lack ofknowledge and communication mayobstruct the process.”For example, we don’t see anybenets in installing eight automaticdoors, if they are going to be openall day and overload the ventilationsystem”, Benedikte Jørgensenexplains, referring to the initialperiod in the new high-tech manu-facturing building in Middelfart,where everybody had to adapt tothe top of the range modern air

conditioning control system.”Mistakes are never made in badfaith. On a warm summer day itis completely natural to open thegarage door in order to facilitate aircirculation,” Mor ten Padkær Nissenpoints out.And as the staff numbers areconstantly rising – since moving,Fiberline Composites has increased itsstaff from about 100 to about 160 -there is a constant need for updatingand follow-up. On the CompanyIntranet system Benedikte Jørgenseninforms them about the electricityand heat consumption, month bymonth. She also updates focus areasand the main areas of action. In thisway everybody is kept on track.

At Barmstedt Allé they have a sharedvision, and that is, to become oneof the country’s rst zero energymanufacturing facilities.

A broad approach has been adoptedto reach the goal in the eye-catchingHead Ofce, an architectonicmasterpiece of minimalism andedge, which has been created bothto demonstrate what glass bre iscapable of as a sustainable buildingmaterial and to create a frame arounda traction unit that both clients andemployees may be proud of.In particular, Benedikte Jørgensenpoints out:

The architect Jan Søndergaard from

KHR Arkitekter, a rm that has beenwell-known for its sustainable buildingdesigns since the 1980’s, has workedhard to create a light incidence thatminimizes the need for articiallighting, and covered the building withlarge, south facing roof areas, whichmay be used for the installation ofsolar systems over time.”We are waiting for photovoltaictechnology to improve for Danishsolar radiation conditions. When thishappens you will be able to recharge your electric car using solar powerhere at the company parking lot”,she says and shows the parking areaon her Power Point.

The company is already now

covering almost half of its electricityconsumption thanks to that onemegawatt Bonus wind turbinethat was installed in the year 2000

and that is now producing energyat Vonsild near Kolding. The windturbine is saving the environmentabout 1,500 tons of CO2 a year.As soon as Middelfart ”the greenmunicipality”, has a wind turbineproject plan ready, FiberlineComposites intends to apply forpermission to set up another windturbine, twice as big, on BarmstedtAllé near the Motorway.”It would really be a neat symbolfor the municipality, for our clientsand for ourselves”, says Benedikte

Jørgensen.

The building is currently heatedusing natural gas, but the companyis aiming to replace this with biogasin four-ve years time.

A large, covered and illuminatedbicycle parking area will make itmore attractive to staff members totravel to and from work by bike.”Our employees live within a r adiusof 60 km, so not everybody has thepossibility of using their bicycle. Butthose who can, should of coursehave optimal conditions for doingso,” the Sustainability Managerpoints out.

The concrete elements used for thenew Head Ofce also act as coolingelements on hot summer days,when they slowly release the cold of

the night. This is a bit like the RoyalDanish Playhouse near Nyhavn,which was awarded the “BæredygtigBeton” Sustainable Concrete Awardin spring for it’s ability to store theheat generated by the stage lightingand the audience, and the cold fromthe water in the building’s concreteelements, resulting in a 30 percentreduction in the heating bill and a 75percent reduction in cooling costs.



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Concrete elements also absorb acertain amount of CO2 from the envi-ronment. In Middelfart they only usethe cooling capacity of the concreteelements, and that is somethingother companies could easily do aswell, says Benedikte Jørgensen:”All the heavy parts of the buildingmay be used in this context. There isno need for thermo-elements. Theyhad not yet been developed whenwe built the facility. But we have setup the air conditioning system sothat it pulls in the cool air from the

night during the summer months.It does this without cooling theair, so there is almost no electricityconsumption associated with thisprocess. The cold is released soslowly during the day, that we get tosave energy thanks to the fact thatwe use our air conditioning less.”

The relatively slender windowframes in the new facility have beenproduced using the company’s ownweather and wind resistant glassbre, a sustainable building materialwithout heat bridges. The windowsmust be 100 percent air-tight andthey have been made to measureby a carpenter in Esbjerg becauseback in 2005, the window company

Pro Tec in Holstebro, had not yetcompleted the development of theirlater award-winning zero-energywindows, Pro Tec 7, which are made

using glass bre composite frames.By the way, this is done in coopera-tion with Fiberline Composites.Furthermore – with what is almosta natural sense of self-assuredness –there is a heat recovery system in allventilation and aspiration systems,timers, movement sensors, and lightand air sensors in all rooms. High-tech gadgets that cannot be left ontheir own, Benedikte Jørgensen says:”Technology only works if it isadjusted and optimised all the time.Filters need to be changed when

they clog. Otherwise efciency islessened,” she says, and estimatesthat many Danish companies wouldbe able to reduce their energyconsumption by around 20 percent ifthose energy management systemsalready bought and installed, wereto be adjusted properly.Under all circumstances this is amethod that works here.”After the rst couple of year’ssavings, we actually thought thatthe energy consumption wouldstabilize. But it is still fallingsignicantly by 20-30 percent a year.And that is without doubt becausewe put the necessary focus on thesethings every day”, she says and takesadvantage of the occasion to quote

her manager Henrik Thorning for afavourite motto:”You can always save 10 percent - nomatter what!”



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Green Network 2009