1 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

Welcome to Graphic Express! Our aim is to guide you through some elementary introductions and experiences for Graphic Facilitation with ideas, tools and methods for developing your visual literacy and competence.

There are 4 main sections:• the first looks a bit at the origins of using visualmaterial to express ideas and how graphic

facilitation is a great source of learning;• thesecondgivesloadsofpracticaltipsaboutdrawingandhowtodevelopyourownvisuallibrary;• thethirdbringseverythingtogetheranddemonstratesthewhat’sandhow’sofdifferenttypesof

graphic facilitation;• thefourthtalksaboutthefutureandgivessometipsforfurtherinspiration.

The team involved inmaking this publication includes the key ingredients of Siiri andTanel fromJoonmedia – the two creatives with wide experience and expertise of delivering Graphic Facilitation; plusMarkandBuzz–tworecognisedandestablishedtrainersinthenon-formallearningfield,onewhoisalsotheeditorandwriterofmanypublicationsandtheotherwithaninterestandexperienceofworkingwiththeArts.Soasthecontributorsandcreatorsofthispublication,wecametogetherasa team last year to develop, plan, and deliver a Graphic Facilitation training course as a precursor for the 2013 edition of the SALTO EuroMed Tool Fair in Delphi, Greece. The training allowed us to test ourtrainingapproachesandempoweredparticipantstodevelopandpracticetheirowngraphicskillsthroughouttheToolFairitself.Allthisreflectedexperiencehasinformedourdirectionandthoughtsandconceptsforthispublication.

SpecialthankstoÜllyEnnforherinspirationandsupport–withoutherthisprojectwouldneverhavehadthechancetofly!

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Graphic Facilitation and the annual Tool Fair

The annualTool Fair - organised by SALTO Euro-Med andnational agencies of the Youth in Action Programme – has playedacrucialroleinbringingthispublicationtofruition.SiiriandTanelofJoonmediawereengagedbytheEstoniannationalagency to follow the Tool Fair in Tallinn in 2011 and caught everyone’s imaginationwiththeirgraphicsnapshots.Youcanread more about that in the first edition of theTools forLearningmagazinefromNovember2012.DuringthenextToolFairinPultusk,Poland,AgataCieslakalsoproduceddrawingsand cartoons to highlight events. And it was there that the idea wasborntoexplorethepossibilitiesofspreadingthegraphicfacilitationvirus via a training course tobe runat thenextfairinconjunctionwiththeHellenicnationalagencyinDelphi,Greece. Twelve participants were empowered to attend all theworkshopsandeventsandtheyproducedmanyexamplesof graphic snapshots and recordings which were added to an exhibitiononadailybasis.Youcanfindmanyexamplesinthispublication.Many thanks to the Estonian NA, Bernard Abrignani andFederica Demicheli of SALTO EuroMed, and the staff of the HellenicNAfortheirsupportandencouragement.

ForahistoryoftheToolFair,pleaseseethepublication:“Tool Fair-y Tale” by Davide Tonon, published by SALTOEuroMed.

ThepublicationispartoftheEducationalToolsforLearningStrategyofSalto-YouthEuroMedandfollowsthedevelopementofeducationaltoolswithinEuropeanYouthWork.

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25HowToApplyItInPreparingYourWork

26HowToApplyItInDeliveringYourWork

28 Graphic Facilitation

30HowToApplyItInDocumentingYourWork

32 How And When To Involve Others

34 Using The Results After An Event

36 More Fun With A Pen

37 Reference

124BasicPrinciples

145BasicElements

16 Have A Go

18DoodleLikeCrazy

19MyVisualVocabulary

20VisualWaysToShow“Learning”

21 Metaphors And More

22BigPictureAndPositioning

23 Templates

4 Reasons For Using Graphic Facilitation For Learning Support

5 Drawing For Sharing A Message Through History

6ThinkingAboutLearning

7How’sYourInnerReadinessForDrawing?!

8 Having And Growing That Inner Readiness

10 A Picture Paints A Thousand Words

11Gotwhatyouneed?

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Using drawing, words and visual tools to present, facilitate or document a process such as a training course, exchange or seminar.Itcanalsobeusedtodescribetheoverallactivity.

Using drawing and images to document a process and the outcomes of a meeting, training, or conference for example. One version of this is sometimes referred to as“VisualMinutes”astheycapturetheessence of a meeting, what people said and what people have agreed on, as well as the outcomes and agreed actions.

A captured moment of an outcome or process. They can beliketakingaphotoofwhathas happened, or a concept, or a result. To use more poetic language: a drop of water representing the ocean!

A map, a poster, a sign. Something which includes drawings and othervisualelementslikecolouror shading in order to pass a clear message.

One of the biggest reasons for using drawing andGraphic Facilitation for learning is toensure we are touching the needs of the wide range of learners we come into contact with. Itcanbeasocialinclusiontoolforengagingthosewhoarevisuallearnersandavaluabletoolwhenworkinginthenon-formallearningworldasitfeelsaccessiblefornearlyeveryone.

Wecanfindourselvesworkingwithpeoplewhomaybeworking ina languagethattheyarenotcomfortableorconfidentwith,youngpeoplewitharangeofbehaviouralneedsandlearningchallenges–sopicturesandimagesseemtobethemostobviousandeasiestwayto convey a message.

We all have some element of learning visually within us. Some of us more than others. The visuallearner(moreaboutlearningstylesbelow)preferstolearnthroughsymbols,imagesandpicturesand likestousemapsandvisual time linestoorganise information.Avisuallearner can easily imagine objects and plans, they can read something and visualise thisquicklyintheirminds.Theyusuallyhaveagoodsenseofdirectionandspatialawareness.As

afacilitatoroflearningthewhiteboardandflipchartistheirbestfriendandtheycanquicklypresentmodels,anddocumentaprocessinacreativeway.Maybetheyaretheonesnaturallydoodling,makingnotesusingscribbles,images,picturesandsymbolsaspartoftheirnotes.

It seems very natural to many people to use images to represent and demonstrate things throughpictures(andafewwordswhennecessary).Sowhatdoallthetermsusedmeanforusinourwork?Ourfirstattemptstoworkinthisfieldweremainlyfocussedonusingtheterm“GraphicFacilitation”asitwaswhatweknewandhadheardbefore.Howeverasweprogresseditbecameclearerthatthetermmeantmanythingstomanydifferentpeople.Still, we decided to continue to use this overall concept of with the understanding that it encompasses all that we are trying to do in this arena.

BelowisalittleGlossarytogiveabasicunderstandingofhowweunderstandafewoftheterms used in the world of drawing for recording and transmitting messages. Of course thereareothers,butthesewillhelpyoutogetstarted.

Images that started as a simple form of communication and still, in adapted form found in language today in China and other parts of Asia.

Recording famous conquests in visual form – theBayeuxTapestryfromthe11thcenturydepicting around 50 different scenes woven into a 70 meter long tapestry.

Makingmapsof theworldaroundushasbeencommonindifferentculturesfor thousands of years, some claiming thefirstmapbeingasoldas9000yearsfromCatalHuyukinTurkey.Aboveamedieval Islamic map of the world.

Scientists making new discoveriesusing visualisations to explain their inventions.AboveAlexanderGrahamBell’s drawing fromhis letter tohisparents including the world’s firstdrawings of a telephone device.

All kinds of visual propaganda hasbeenusedtoinfluencethewaypeoplethink. Above a piece of wartimepropagandafromtheyear1943.

Graphic facilitation as a learning tool for groups and trainers startedtodevelopinthe1970s.

Somerootsofmind-mappingwerealreadybeingusedbyPorphyryofTyrosfromthe3rd century and Ramon Llull from 13th century. Above an image from RamonLlull’sencyclopaediaTreeofScience.

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Afascinationandinterestinsharingstoriesthroughpicturesisnotsomethingnewandhasbeenapartofhumancommunicationsalmostaslongaswehavebeenwalkingupright.Ourjourneyfromcavetocanvasandwalltoflipchartismoreinherentinculturesthanwemaythink.Checkouttheseideas:

Simple images that portray life, such as hunting and the animalsaroundcanbefoundin caves around the world.

LEARNING CAN BE ...

memorising some factsgettingmoreknowledgeaboutacertaintopic

alteringbehaviourin a certain way

cooperating with others

becomingmoreskillfulin doing something

example: important dates intheriseoftheworkingclass during the Industrial Revolution

example: the meanings of road signs for a driving exam

example: the list of the lowest scores in the Eurovision Song Contest

example:beingpoliteinthebus,howtojudgeaboutgivingupyour seat

example: how to react if friendsgetinvolvedinafight

example: different sources of alternative energy from the wind, the sun and the sea

example:backgroundinformationaboutintercultural learning in a chosen country

example:makingabudgetforaproject

example: drawing graphic snapshots duringaworkshop

example:gettingtoknoweachotherbetterinagroup

example:gettingfeedbackfrom others

Suchtestscanbehelpfulinraisingself-awareness;forexample: “Ah, yes, I see! I learn easier if I actually do somethingratherthanreadaboutit”.Theproblemscomewhenpeopleputthemselvesinabox,likethis:“oh sorry, I can’t readan article about this, I needtodoit!”.Oneofourgoalsinthispublicationistoencourage people to think outside that box, mixlearning styles and to have a go at using graphic facilitationtoseewhat itcouldbringforthemandthepeoplewithwhomtheywork!Howcangraphicfacilitation support diverse learners and learning styles – to help them to learn how to learn and then tomoveforwardinthetopictheychoose?

AndthatbringsustoHOWdopeoplelearn?Ifyoulookaroundtheinternet,youwillfindlotsofteststofindout“whatkindoflearnerareyou?”or“whatismylearningstyle?”.Canyouguesswhatlearningstylesareshownhere?

When did you last learnsomething?

Whatdiditfeellike?

Whydidyoudoit?Did you plan to learn it,orit”justhappen”?

Did you write it down, drawit,singitorjustdoit?

Did you do it alone or withothers?

Howdidyouknowyouhadlearntsomething? Are you satisfied with your

level of learning, or do you needtolearnsomethingmore?

Whendoyouthinkyouwillforget your learning, or will itstaypartofyouforever?

ThereisnoagreementaboutEXACTLYwhatlearningis–butinresearchingforthispublicationwefoundoutwhatlearningcan beforus:

andallofthosecanbehelpedbydrawing!

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Itinvolvesgettingoutofyour“comfortzone”(whatyouknow–orknowhowtodo–already)intoyour“stretchzone”(whereyouexperimentwithnewknowledgeandskills)soyoucanincreasethesizeofyourcomfortzone.Andallthiswithoutreachingthepaniczone–becausethenthereisadangerthatyouwillstoplearningandrunbackquicklyinto safety!

Innon-formallearningcontexts,wetrytoinvolvethewholepersoninlearning–thisissometimesknownasinvolvingthehand,theheartandthehead.Thenthereismorechance that people really learn and develop their competences.

Competenceisusuallyseenasbeingamixofthreethings:

knowledge,skills(hand)andthethirdpartisusuallycalled“attitudes”.

Fortheauthorsofthispublication,wemustadmitwe’vehaddifficultiesinexplainingwhatthis third part of competence really is. We prefer to use the term “inner readiness”developedbyLithuaniancolleaguesofKitokieProjektai.Wewillexplainwhybelow.

Havingabeliefinyourself,beingprepared,daringtotry new ways, choosing what to draw and having the courage to let other people see your drawings. And it gets even more important to strengthen inner readiness when participants have to draw in front of others!

Aboutthe topic, Equipment needed…

How to draw, writing clearly…

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Afterall,what’simportantisnotthat the drawings are“artistic”,but more that the message isclear..

Too often in schools, in the family, with friends young people get the negative criticism that they cannot draw. So for them tomove from their comfort zone into the stretch zone isa real challenge! Facilitators have to pay special attention to helpingparticipantsgettheconfidencetotry.

Thiscanbedonethroughconstructivefeedback,providingasupportive learning environment and many opportunities to practiseandthenreflectabouthowitfeelstodothis.Havingand developing inner readiness works through personalinteraction,sothatyouarereadytouseyourknowledgeandskills:

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Sir Ken Robinson tells the story about a girl drawing apicture of god and her teacher says“but nobody knowswhatgodlookslike”andthegirlreplies“ah,buttheywillinaminute”:-)

Whatwouldyourpictureofagodbelikewhenyouwere8?

So,areyoureadytotrythisHERE&NOW?Drawlikeyoudid when you were a child with no fear.

Whenwearechildren,wedraw“inthemoment”,withoutthinkingtoomuchwhatotherswillthinkaboutit.Aswegrowolder,wegetmoreself-consciousanditisonlythefear of criticism – internally from ourselves and externally from others – that stops us.

The great thing about images isthat they are also open to different interpretations!

Show your picture to a colleague/a friend – what dotheysay?

OldChineseproverb:

“Tell me and I will forget. ShowmeandIwillremember. InvolvemeandIwillunderstand.”

Newinterpretationofthis:

“Tell me and I may not listen

Show me and I may not watch

Engage me and I might start to understand.”

A PICTURE PAINTS A THOUSAND WORDS

graphic facilitation engages and interacts with people through creating a connection

if picture connects to a memory then an emotional connection is created

with emotional connection there is

agreaterchanceofremembering

thebraindeciphersimageelementssimultaneously, while language is decodedinalinearmannertakingmore time to process

firstweviewedimages,theuse of words came later

ideaswhicharehookedontoanimagewon’tleave

words are processed byourshort-termmemory

psychologist AlbertMehrabiandemonstrated that93%ofcommunication is nonverbal

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From the materials

listed here, all you really

need is a blackmarker

and some paper.

Thereareseveralcompaniesthat

offeranincreasingnumberofp

roductsforGraphic

Facilitation.Butifyouwantamore

preciselistfromallthematerials

youmightuse,then

here’salistofsuggestions:

• smallpaperstopracticewhileworkingwiththispublication(A5-A4sizes)

• big papers if you want to take a next step and practice some methods in this

publicationinawayyoucoulduseit inactualsituationswithateamofpeopleor

participants(sizeA1orbiggerpaper,oreventakearollofpaper)

• ifyoutrybigpaperyoucouldusewhite-tactoattachthepapertothewallortothe

flipcharts,butyoucouldalsopracticeonatableorafloor• SizeA5stickynotescanbeveryuseful–althoughtheyarequiteexpensive!

• the space, the occasion andmaybe the invitation

AmIready…?Ifnoth

owcanIbe?

Can I identify time to practice… if not why

not,ifsowhyso

!?

HaveIgotmyin

nerreadinessrea

dy?:o)

Got all you need?

Then here is the

invitation – let’s start!!

• blackthinmarkersforusewithsm

allerpaper

• blackthickmarkersforusewithb

iggerpaper

• coloredmarkers(red,lightblue,g

reen,yellowetc)

• you might prefer coloured penc

ils to colouredmarkers or com

bine

these. Ifyoutrybigpaper thenc

olouredcrayonsareeasier tofil

lbig

surfacesquickly

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1 – drawing with a black line (using markers) – VISIBILITY

It’s important that your drawingscommunicate the idea easily and do it quickly. For that reason it’s best to useblackmarkerstomakeyourdrawingsasvisibleaspossible.Theeasiestandquickestway is todrawwithablack line.Then ifyou have more time you could turn your linedrawingsintosurfacesbyfillingthemin with colours, for example. Try not to correct the lines you have drawn, try to keepittooneline,eveniftheimageisnot“perfect”.Drawingaperfectimageisnotimportant with this technique, the idea is.

2 – drawing with simplified images – SPEED & EASE OF

UNDERSTANDING

If you use a drawing as a tool to communicateideasinyourworkthenyouneedsometimeforthinking,maybesometime for talking and then there’s sometimeleftfordrawing.Sohowisitpossibletodoallofthosethingsatthesametime?The answer is simplicity. With only little time fordrawingyouhave tokeepyourimages very simple. The most important thingaboutimagesinGraphicFacilitationis that they communicate ideas which are easy to understand.

3 – adding text to images – CLEAR MESSAGE

We know that pictures pass a messageinjustamomentandarethereforegoodtoolstocommunicateideas.Buttomakethe message really clear then it’s goodto use some keywords together with apicture.Alsoit’simportantthatyourtextis easy to read. Therefore capital letters mightbeabetteroptionthanhandwriting.Ifyoudrawalotofpicturesandkeywordson one big paper then it’s good to playwiththesizesoflettersandevenwiththefonts.

4 – adding effects to images (colours and shadow) – ATTRACTION

Attractive things draw attention. Adding colour and shadow to your drawings makes them more visible. Shadow is apowerful tool because it makes yourpictures more effective and therefore draws attention. If you’ve done a lot ofblack line drawings then adding morecolour to the most important images makesiteasiertounderstandthewholeidea. What is known as ‘The ColourWheel’ might be useful if you considerwhich colours to put together. Colours next to each other always work well,colours opposite to each other draw attention.

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14 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

PERSONTEAMPILEOFAPPLICATIONSTRAINTEAMMEETINGBIKE

KEYFLIPCHARTCAMERALIGHTNINGFLASH

OUROPINIONEMPOWER

Whenstartingtodevelopdrawingskills,it’seasiertobuildyourimagesfrombasicelements.It’slikeanalphabetofthedrawinglanguage.Howeverherethere’sonly5lettersandflexiblevariationsofthem:dot,line,rectangle,squareandtriangle.Basicallyyoucanbuildallimagesfromthese5basicelements.

Also you can

reduce all images

to these 5

elements. Have a

go!Takeaphoto

fromamagazine

and reduce the

images to the 5

elements!

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TABLE HALF FULL CUP YOUTHCENTREBUS

PARTICIPANTFRIENDSHIP TEAMBUILDING ACHIEVEMENT LEARNING

PORTRAIT

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Developingyourownvisualvocabularyisagre

at

way to start creating your own style. We explore

creatingoneinmoredetailbelow.

Here are some examples which we have used.

Practisewiththemandmakeyourown.

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18 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

You might draw

10 times a happy face and

10timessomebodywho’ssit

tingand

10 times a team and

10timesabikeand

10 times … (something that you feel is

relatedtoyou).

Ifyourunoutofdrawingspaceherefindsomemoresheetsofpaper!(A4sforexample).

No-onepretendsthatitiseasytodothis

–butdoesn’titfeelgoodtohavea

yourownvocabulary?!

Namethecategoriesorthemesw

hich

arerelevantinyourworkorwhich

you

feel connected with.

Under every theme write as many

words you can come up with. For these

themes and keywords start to

find

visual parallels.

Here’sanexample

fromMark’svisual

vocabulary.

Can be useful

for showing lots

of things, like

exchanging ideas,

processes,thinking

forwards, thinking

backwards,etc.

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It’s good to have a bunchof images youknowhowtodrawquickly.Thisisbecauseyou might have to draw them in the middle of a training or meeting with only fewsecondstothink.

Just like when you start to talk withsomeone you don’t have to invent thewords, you already have them. Same goes with the drawing language. You might want to study a visual vocabulary before youstart to use it in communication.

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Stairs going up

or

stairsleadin

gtothesky

Spirals showing how we

can see the same thing

differently from different points

Cogsworkingtogether

Azipper

showing how its

possibletounite

different thingsSomeone diving into a

pool and coming up the other side

A plant growing in different stages

Oneofthe ideaswestress inthispublication isLEARNING.Buthowtovisualisethatverycomplexprocess?

Here are some ideas to stimulate your thought processes. See what youthinkandaddsomemoretoyourownvisualvocabulary!

Thinkofsomeothercombinationsandmakeimagesoutofthem!

To make the visual language even more spicy and delicious, there’s an endlessopportunity to use layering, metaphors and fantasy. These methods draw attention and are therefore a good memory tool.

Youfindanimagethatsymbolisesthemeaningwhatwastold.Itcanbeverysimpleoritcouldbesomethingyouwouldn’texpecttoseeingivensituation.Thesurprisealwayshasit’smagiceffect.

You inventnewobjectsbyputting twodifferent things together, layering themtogether or you could mix two different things together.

Weareallfamiliarwithfantasisingandexaggeration.Alittlebitofthathereandtherewilldoonlygoodwithkeepingyourcreativityalive.

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this picture

came from

mishearing someone

say”embrac

ethe

cows”

22 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

Have a go

Myvisualvocabulary

Visual ways to show learning

Metaphors and more

4basicprinciples

5basicelements

If you draw together with other people on one big picture (for example 2-4 people)thenitwouldbegoodifyoufindsometimebeforetheeventstartsandagreehowyouare going to position images on the paper.

You could agree that there’s alwaysone person who’s more in charge ofhow you all organise the images on the paper. Then you could also agree to change that person for another session, in order that everyone gets a chance to experiment.

And you could systemise different parts

intoonebigwho

leanddrawconne

ctions

betweendifferent

parts.

Have a go and dr

aw arrows on this

big

picture!

Keepinmindto

visually distinguish

betweendifferent

info-blockswhen

you draw these

Thenit’seasier

to analyse the

whole and its

different parts

One of the great advantages of graphic

facilitation is that you can put loads and

loads of information on o

ne big picture

with small simple drawings and use it as

a tool to learn and remem

ber and do it

together with all the other people!

When creating a big picture you could als

o

decidewhichwayyouwould like toposi

tion

theinformation.Itmaybeaplayfulexperi

ment

or you could decide the positioning related to

the content. Choose yourself which positioning

communicatesthecontentbest.

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There are loads of templates and some examples are here, but you could alsoinvent a new one.

Whilemaking your own big picture and finding the bestpositioning for it, you can also add a playful and exciting overview by using a template. A template is a visualmetaphor for the whole content.

The template should respond to the main idea. When lookingatyourtemplatewithalltheinformationinitfromadistance,theviewerwillbeabletograspinstantlywhat’sgoingonhere.And thenafter thefirst glance theviewer

could go deeper in understanding the associated and systematic visualisation. Templates act as attractors for the content, they are like the conveyer belts for the luggage,they improveunderstandingandmaketheworkwiththeinformation contained playful and creative. Also after the eventtheymakeiteasiertorememberthegeneralidea.

Nowyouhavetheelements, it’stimetoexplorehowtoapplyitall.Wehaveidentifiedthreeareaswhereit’spossibletoapplyGraphicFacilitationinourworkandthese are: Preparing, Delivering and Documenting. And we introduce some of the graphic activities you might use here.

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They usually start from the middle withaspecificwordorsentenceto which you start to add the associated responses, words, pictures, concepts and ideas that come to your mind.

They continue to grow with active participation and lines and circles can beaddedthatconnectandidentifypathwaysbetweenthe added content.Mind Maps can also

becalled‘SpiderDiagrams’,‘IdeaSunBursting’or‘InterconnectedWordstorms’.

The next time you areplanningaprojectwhynottryonebuiltaroundNAOMIE(Needs,Aims,Objectives,Methods,Implementation, Evaluation).

A‘MindMap’isadiagramused to visually represent thoughts and information.

Maybeyouwanttocreateyourownforhowyougottodothejobyouaredoingnow?

Storyboardsare likegraphicorganisersandoffera framework forutilisingandpresenting illustrations and images in a way that tells a story.

Itcanbe likecreatingyourowncomicbook:youhaveastart,middleandend(orsometimesa‘tobecontinued’).

It helps to formulate your ideas, connect them and tell a very clear story through using a range of templates.

It is commonly used in the development of TV programmes, motion pictures, video games, songwriting and lots more.

Youjustmakealong road through a paper and draw the main parts of your training in and next

to the road.

Adding small images and keywordstoeachstopandalittlebitofcolourto the main points of the sketchmakesthewholetraining plan visual and

clear.

You could use it to explain to the participants what

will happen and you could useitasaworksheetofyour training where you addpicturesandkeywords

while facilitating.

While planning your training you

could create a visual map of your

training plan.

Andyoucouldmakeuse of your time line

in delivering your work–justmakea

nice drawing of it on a huge paper for the participants of your

training.

Usestorycubes(youcan

makeyourownorgetsome

from here: www.storycubes.

com).Throwthecubes

and use them all to create

astory.Thecubeshave

images on that will guide

andinfluencetheperson

using them.

Instead of ‘wordstorming’maybetry‘picturestorming’where people can onlycontributeusing pictures, illustrations and images.

Create a fantasy map of the future, or one that represents your achievements. Guide people through these magicallands.Maybethesewillmakeawelcomechange to the usual ‘visualtimelines’ofriversof learning, roads of discovery and pathways of recognition?

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The only limit is your own creativity here! There are so many opportunities to visualise innon-formaleducationactivities!Justtogetyoustarted,herearesomeexamples:

Trainingvolunteers,deliveringaworkshopwiththeyoungpeopleintheyouthcentreortrainingandpreparingyouthworkersforyouthexchangestheflipchartstandandpaperhavebecomeessentialtoolsofthetrade.Therearethosewhorightlycringeattheamountofpaperbeingusedandthenthrownawayattheendofoneoftheseactivities.Somaybeitstimetoutilisethiscreativetooltoitsfullpotentialandusetheflipchartforvaluedandmeaningfulcreativity.ItistimetoreclaimtheflipchartandmakeitintoFLIPChART!

content of your theme keywords keyimages

participants’thoughts principles resultsofameetingoraworkinggroup

programme for a youth exchange menufortheyouthcentre(alistofactivities)

rolesandresponsibilitiesfordifferentpeopleinaproject an action plan

instructions presenting a theory and how participants reacted to it “The simple use of (large) paper and pens offers a huge potentialand variety of – mostly unused – opportunities regarding visual facilitation.Itcanbeseenasareallyflexibleandinteractivetoolfor(live)visualisationsaswellasfor“normal”presentationsingroupsupto20people”TorbenGrocholl(Coyote20,February2014).

the programme of an event

Most presentations have a tendency to overload us with words, facts and figures, it is therefore no mystery that any presentation can be enhanced with effective graphic and visual support.

visualised programmeinstructions

keywords

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SIGNposting can be the decorative notices that makeparticipants feel welcome in a new environment. Simple things like;‘wherewilleat’,‘whoarethetrainers’,‘whatworkshopiswhere’deliveredthroughSIGNpostingcanhelpsmooththeprocessandgiveaclear“sign”totheparticipantsthatyou have made the effort to help them feel at home.

Edugraphics are infographics used in education and learning.

A simple edugraphic would ensure you would easily know the difference between geographyandhistoryjustbylookingattheimage.

They can be used to rewardlearning with easily recognisableimages... Can you remember theimage of a swimming badge youmayhavebeenawarded,whatdidthebadgeforfirstaidlooklike?

Can you create an edugraphic for the history of your youthcentre?Whatwouldallthedifferentactivitiesyoudeliverlooklikeasbadgesoredugraphicimages?

SIGNposting offers a real opportunityto develop your drawing competences and experiment in a safe way. Thinkinfographics and edugraphics, thinkdirections, and use the ‘what, where,how,whyandwhen’questionstoguideyou.

It is a way to present often complexinformationquicklyand clearly.

Maybe our first memories ofinfographics would be how they areused in presenting the weather on tv – they are now a part of our visual vocabularyandunderstanding.

We can see them being usedin maps, road signs and more recently throughout social media.

Stop and have a look aroundthe walls where you are readingthis,canyoufindany?

Maybecreateaninfographicquizforyour colleagues to see how wide theirvisualinfographiclibraryis?

Infographics are basically informationgraphic visuals that act like a pictorialsummary of a wider system of information,dataorknowledge.

27 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

What you could keep inmind is not tooverload the spaceavailablewithvisualinformationandstimuli–restrictyourselftowhatseemstobeimportant.Ifyouhavelotsofpostersandvisualsignspreparedthenit’seasiertodigesttheinformationif you create different zones for different kinds of pictures.You could imagine that your visual material zones are likedifferentislands,alittlebitdistantfromeachothersothattheparticipantscould takea small voyage fromone informationisland to another. It gives them chance to digest the information.

Beawarethatifyoutalkwith your participants while drawing you might notbeheardsowell.

During the pauses go and lookfrom a distance at your drawing – howwellcanitbeseen,arethekeycontentsclearlyvisible?

Training, exchanges, workshops, seminars and somany more of our activities all offer an ideal arena for graphic facilitation.

Graphicfacilitationmeansthatyou’llmakeavisualsummary of your activity simultaneously with facilitating it.

You could prepare a number ofpictures

The advantage of one main big picture is that you and theparticipants can see the whole track of the activity on one pagewithout getting too dizzy or lostwith a number of posters aroundthe room.

or

you could create one main bigpicture during your activity.

tostayontrackwith your plan as a facilitator or leader

tobeeasilyunderstandable

to have some creative equipment around

the participants get the overall picture of the main plan

it helps to focus where they are exactly during the activity

clarifieswhatinformation they have already gone through and what lays ahead

it’seasiertolearnandrememberitall

28 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

Useaverythickblackmarker.

an example of a big picture used to run aworkshopwithpreparedtemplate

an example of prepared drawing to beattachedonthebigpicture

anexampleofabigpictureusedtorunaworkshopaftertheworkshop

integrating participants in the drawing

Ifpossibleuseamovableboard(ortwoflip-charts)toputyourdrawing inthebestspot inthespacewhereyouareworking.

It’sgoodtoprepareanemptytemplateonabigpapertobefilledinwhilefacilitating–thiscan represent the structure of your training or seminar. You could use an image of a road, landscape or something else as a metaphor for the flowofyouractivity(seethetemplateschapter).

You could add main signposts/symbols to the journeymarking the phases of yourtraining where you want to reach. Then while starting your training you could introduce a plan of it using yourbigpicture.

As there’s not too muchtimefordrawingit’susefultohave your visual vocabularyprepared (see the chapter aboutvisual vocabulary).Youcould also prepare some drawings on small papers to beattachedtothebigpaperduring the training with white-tac.

While running a training you could visualise the process drawing simple images and keywords to the big picturestarting from the beginningof the road (or somewhere else with other templates).So during the whole training you will draw the process on thebigpaper.

You could also integrate participants in the drawing process (see the chapter aboutinvolvingparticipants).

In the end you can conclude and reflect on the wholeprocessusingthebigpictureyou have created with all its content.

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Youmightfindyourselfintheroleofagraphic

recorder or it might be that one of your

participants or colleagues is willing to do a

graphic recording, meaning: make a visual

summaryoftheeventonlargepaper(s).

Programme – First it’s good to know

the programme and the content. That way

youcan learnwhatwillbe themainblocks

of your drawing and how they are situated

in relation to each other (see the chapter

aboutpositioning).Alsoyoucouldplanwhat

arethemainkeywordswhichshouldbewell

seen from a distance.

Integration – It’s most important that

you are in a dialogue with the facilitator

and/ortrainer.Youshouldagreeaboutthe

context and approachof yourwork: what

is the purpose of the graphic recording?Howwillthegraphicrecordingbeintegratedinto theprogramme?Howto imagineyourdialogue with the participants during the event?Howtointegrateshouldbediscussedwellbefore theevent. In thatcaseyouandthefacilitatorhavetimeandenergytothinkout inwhichwaystherewillbeconnectionpoints between graphic recordingwith therest of the programme. (See the chapter aboutinvolvingparticipants).

Paper size – Basically there are twooptions:eitheryoudrawonbigsizepaper(around 1-2 squaremeters) by standing infrontofit,oronsmallsizepaperonyourlap.Therearemanyadvantagesinusingbigsizepaper–moreinformationcanberecorded,morepeoplecanapproachtolookatitandit’sbetterseenfromadistance.Smallersizepaperallowsyoutobe“invisible”andfocuson your drawing without distraction, you could even scan and print the outcome for

the participants on the spot, the outcome can then be projected onto a big screen.Youmayfinditeasiertostartpractisingwithsmallersizepaperalso.

Content – Graphic recording is visually similar to graphic facilitation – you will record the steps of the event. You draw the key ideas in images and words. The visualsummary should reflect the pattern of theevent. If the pattern was well structured then yourdrawingshouldalsohavewell-visualisedblocks.Iftheeventhasmoreachaoticbrain-stormingtouchthenthedrawingmightlooka bit chaotic as well. Whichever patternyou choose, it helps participants to follow proceedings if you make it clear in whatorder the drawings were made.

How–Astheflowoftheeventiscontinuousyou should be quick with your drawings.Preparedvisualvocabularyhelpsalot.Alsoit’sbettertodrawdirectlyandimmediately

on ‘the paper’. There’s no time for takingnotesonotherpapers.Besidesit’sanamazingchancetomultitaskbecauseyoureallyhavetolisten-think-drawsimultaneously.

Participatory drawing – It’s alsopossible to make a graphic recording orgraphic snapshots together with someone else. You just work collaboratively, cheektocheek,nexttoeachotherandalloweachothertoaddimages,colours,andkeywordsto each others’ drawings. It’s such fun andyoucanfeedoffeachother’screativity.

Visibility – graphic outcomes should bewell seen alsoduring thebreaks andotherinformal times. So it’s good if the graphicrecordingscanbeplacedsomewherewhereall the people pass by during the breaks.Sometimes it’s good todraw in frontof alltheparticipantsjustnexttothefacilitator– again this will depend on the agreements madebetweenyoubeforetheevent.

madeonbigsizepaper

made on small sizepaper

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Experience has shown that it might be easier to startpractising with graphic snapshots before doing a fullgraphic recording.

Nowadaystherearelotsofvideosavailableofinspirationaltalksondifferentsubjects.Listentooneandpractisemakingagraphicrecordingordrawingsomegraphicsnapshots.Here’ssomeexamples:

• MattCutts,TrySomethingNewfor30Days(3:27)–http://www.ted.com/talks/matt_cutts_try_something_new_for_30_days

• KidPresident’sPepTalktoTeachersandStudents(3:54)–https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RwlhUcSGqgs

• MatthijsLeendertse,LearningConnectsUsAll(15:00)–https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XjIkYVxI23M

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If graphic recording is more a visual summary of the whole event then graphic snapshots are more a way to capture visually some of the ideas of the event. Graphic snapshotsdon’taimtogiveanoverallpictureofallthemain key ideas. The advantage of graphic snapshots isthat they allow you to focus on capturing more funny moments,crazyideasandexcellentmetaphors.Alsothedrawercanstaymore“invisible”–drawingwhilesittingamong others.

Beforetheeventtheintegrationandinvolvementofgraphicfacilitationshouldbedecided–whetherbetweenthetrainerandthedrawerorbetweencolleagues.

If graphic facilitation in some of its forms is used duringtheeventthenit’sgoodtosaysomewordsaboutittotheparticipants–whoisdoingwhat,whyit’sbeingdone,howitcanbeusedandifit’spossibletoseetheresultsafterwards,e.g.intheinternet.

Planaminidrawinglesson(5-10minutes)forallthe participants to get connected to this simple drawing technique.

For example, in getting to know each other orabout thinking of your learning for the currentevent. Participants could draw on post-its andattach them to a prepared background drawingwhich is related to the theme. If you are a drawer andtrainerinonepersonyoucouldaskparticipantsto attach their drawing inside your picture.

Atsomepointyoucouldasktheparticipantstowrite down keywords and/or symbolswhich aresomehow connected with the current event. Then gather those keywords, cluster them, think of ametaphor for their thoughts and visualise it. It can behelpfulifyouhaveateamtohelpinclustering.

During the breaks it’s good to call the people to see thepicturesanddigestwhathasbeentoldsofar,youcouldalsodoit at the very end. As you go through an event, it is important forparticipantsandteamtokeeptrackoftheir learning.Askthem to go through the drawings and identify the things they havelearnedandmaybetakenotesforthemselves.

32 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

Asking the participants, trainer or a speakerwhatmeaning ismissing for them.Dotheyfindnew meanings in the present documentation and visualisation?

Ifthevisualsummarywouldbereallyhelpfulforparticipantstocontinueworking,youcouldtakea photo and print the picture for the participants.

If you have an event where participants could experienceaworkshopaboutgraphicfacilitationthenthat’sanexcellentway to let theparticipantsknowaboutthislearningtool.

If you have that sort of event where you could choose a small team of participants to have a training course ongraphicfacilitationjustbeforethebigeventandthenthese participants could really practice graphic facilitation during this big event, then youhave full involvementofthose participants in utilising this learning tool. They couldstarttouseitthemselvesandpasstheknowledgeto others.

When all participants have departed and they areback at their homes,or in theirwork youmight send them a photo documentation of all the visuals. Sometimes it is enough to have that as arecordofprocessandresultsandcanbeusedinstead of a more traditional written report. That bringsustothewholeissueofdissemination...

Thesummaryof thewholeeventcouldbedone infront of the graphic recordings. This gives the trainer/youthworker chance toworkwith visual elementswhilereferringbacktowhatwastoldandit’sagoodmemory tool for all the participants.

You could put together a slideshow of photos of thedrawingstoshowonabigscreen(duringthebreaks, at the startof thenextmorning, at theendoftheday).

33 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

You can also use the results of graphic facilitation for inspiration in producing other dissemination products, such as info gaphics. Here is an example fromaEuroMedworkshopinFinland:

Of course, in this way you are using different types ofmediaandmaybeyouhavetobecarefultoexplainclearly where your images come from and why they were made. If you use words in your graphic facilitationthenthesewillusuallybeinsinglewordsorveryshortphrases-soprovidingthecontextcanbeveryhelpfulforoutsiderstounderstandwhattheyare seeing.

Thiswasmadeusingthiswebsite:piktochart.com

Oneofthewonderfulthingsaboutgraphicfacilitationis that the results are also useful AFTER an event! In additiontoremindingallwhohavebeeninvolved,youcan use the results in order to spread your messages and results.The title of one recent training course even callsthis“spreadingthefire!”

In the new Erasmus+ programme there is a greater emphasis than ever on what they call DEOR =Dissemiation and Exploitation of Results.

All sorts of people can be interested in your work:friends, family, funders, institutions, newspapers, blogs,andmore.Whynotusesomeexamplesofyourworkinthese(non-exhaustivelist!!).

http://euroopa.noored.ee/koolitused/arhiiv/rahvusvaheline-koolitus-we-dont-need-no-education/

http://doku.cac.at/aces_academy_report_2014.pdf

http://siiritaimla.com/2014/password-printmaking/

https://www.salto-youth.net/downloads/4-17-2696/Tools%20for%20learning%20Magazine%20SALTO%20EM.pdf

http://joonmeedia.blogspot.com/2013_04_21_archive.html

http://goo.gl/kGzWP6

http://issuu.com/mitteformaalne/docs/51597_kaasava_noorsootoo_kasiraamat_lowreso/1

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YttXzyE56-M

http://issuu.com/mitteformaalne/docs/mobiilne_noorsotoo_seminari_raport/1

34 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

Select folder and import

Sort and rename (use keywords in filenames. Google “robots” don’t see pictures, only a text. When you add keywords to the file name then it helps Google find your images)

Edit images:• White Balance (again)• Correct Exposure

(levels)• Crop (if needed)

Export images to your folder

With the higher shutter speed you get a sharper photobutitletslesslightin. So if the room is too darkdon’tputittoohigh.

With a lower aperture you get more light in and you will have more variety in sharpness in yourphoto–someobjectsarevery sharp, some are very soft. With higher aperture you get less lightandallobjectswillbemore sharp.

The higher the ISO is the more grainy your photo will be.To makea photo with lower ISO youhavetohavebetterlight in the room.

Sizeofaphoto(resolution).

35 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

The aim is to take a photo where white paperstays white. With poor light your white paper canbecomequite grey and therefore your greatdrawing might look poor and lose some of itsvisualimpact.Noteandlookcarefullytoseeifthedrawing is well seen on the photo and the lines stay sharp.

Set your camera to its highest picture quality and resolution.

Try to takephotos in thebest light youfind. It’sgood to position your drawings so that the light from the windows falls on the drawings.

Whenyoutakeaphotoofadrawing,makesurethat your camera is straight on to the drawing; ifyoutakethephotoatananglethenthephotowillmakethedrawinghaveadifferentshapefromreality.

Tohavethebestphotoqualitythenit’sgoodtousea camera where you can choose manually the ISO, shutter speed and aperture. So if you are really seriousabouthavingGREATphotos,havea lookat this.

36 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

Keepthedrawinghandbusy,onthetrainoratthebackofaconference.Theydosaypracticemakesperfectandalwaysstartwithwhatyouknow.Sotrydoodlingfirst,thentrydoodlingwith the aim of capturing what’s happeningaround you. It might help in discovering new ideasforyourvisualvocabulary?

Makeyourowncartoonstorytointroduceyourorganisation, yourselforaprojectbybringingittolifethroughaGraphicNovel.

BrokenTelephoneisacommoncommunicationgamewhereasentence is passed around the group, and then at the end we hearifthelastpersontoreceiveithasthecorrectversion.Backtothedrawingboardisthesamebutwithpicturesdrawnonpeople’sbacks.Don’tworrywearenotaskingyoutodrawwithpermanentmarkerpensonpeople’sbacksgivingthemasemi-permanenttattoo!Participantsstandina line,onebehindtheother.Thelastoneusestheirfingerto“draw”onthebackofthepersoninfrontofthem.Thatpersondrawsonthebackofthenextperson,etcetc.Ofcourse,youhavetomakesurenooneelse can see what you are drawing.

Somebodydrawsasquiggleveryfastonapieceofpaperand someone else tries to transform the squiggle into somethingrecognisable.

Somechild-friendlyrestaurantsputplacematswith some crayons so that children can doodle while they (and others) are eating.Whynottrythisforgatheringfeedback,partof an evaluation or finding out participants’expectations?

EachpersonstartswithablanksheetofA4paperinfrontofthemandtheyfirstwritetheirnameatthetop,thentheydrawjusttheshapeoftheirfaceonthepaper and pass it round to the person to their left, as do all the group. So each person now has the piece of paper of the person to their right in front of them and theyareaskedtodrawtheperson’smouth,thenitispassed again, and this time the nose, the hair and so on.Dependingonthesizeofthegrouptheeyes,earscanbedoneseparately.Ifitsalargegroupthenyoucanaddhobbies,likes,dislikesetcinthebackground.It’sagreatwaytogetcreative,gettoknowpeoples’namesandmaybeeven tocreateanewFacbebookprofilepicture.

Createyourownrainbow,feelfree,chooseyourcoloursandjustgoforit.It’sagreatreleaseandcanbeareallygoodcreativebreak.

Drawing inthedarkcanbringoutsomeamazing images;trythisbyaskingparticipantstodrawcertainthingsorletthemjustusetheirimaginationfreely.Ifyoucan’tbeinthedark,maybetheyclosetheireyes,orjustnotlookatthepaperwhiletheydraw?

Pictionary is a guessing game, often a party and family favourite,itcanprovetobeagreatwaytodevelopyourskills inmaking sure you candraw themessage you aretrying to get over. It is a guessing game, that is played in groups with teams or people competing individually in tryingtoguessandor identifyspecificwordsorphrasesfrom someone elses drawing.

Drawyourownfaceonabox,itcanbeusedtokeepyourthingsinorifyoudon’tlikebeinginfrontofthecamera,getyour friend to wear it and you do the voice over.

37 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

MikeRohde,TheSketchnoteHandbook:Theillustratedguidetovisualnotetaking,2013,PeachpitPress,USAThishandbookisavisualmanualwhichintroducesbasicthingsaboutnotetaking–whatisit,whyit’sgoodtouse,whatyouneedtoknowaboutitandhowtodrawthings.

BrandyAgerbeck,TheGraphicFacilitator’sGuide:Howtouseyourlistening,thinking&drawingskillstomakemeaning,2012,Loosetooth.comLibrary,USAThisbookisapracticalguidehowtodographicrecording.Itgivesmore a perspective how to map a meeting with words and images in groupsofpeopletomaketheirmeetingeasier.

DanRoam,UnfoldingtheNapkin:thehands-onmethodforsolvingcomplexproblemswithsimplepictures,2009,PortfolioTradeThisbookisfocusedonhowtosolveproblemsingroupsbyusingmostsimpledrawings.Itgivesstep-by-stepguidelineshowtoputtheauthor’sprinciplesintopractice.

MartinHaussmann,Bikablo1–TheFacilitator’sDictionaryofVisualLanguage,2013,4.edition,Kommunikationslotsen&MartinHausmannandHolgerScholtz,Bikablo2.0–NewVisualsforMeeting,Training&Learning,2013,6.edition,Kommunikationslotsen

These two handbooks contains a full visual dictionary with mostsimplebutclever imageswhichyoucouldusetovisualisemeetings,seminarsetc.Bikablo2.0alsoincludesasetofvisualsolutionsonhowtoorganiseyourflipchartpage.

PaulKloostermanandMarkTaylor,LearningtoLearninpractice-handbookforfacilitators,2012,Fridas,LithuaniaFree to download here: http://lokalnirazvoj.rs/upload/YouthEmploy-ment/EnAttachment/2014-03/Handbook_For_Facilitators_Learn-ing_To_Learn_June_2012.pdf(accessed10.06.2014)Thishandbookprovidessometheoreticalexplanationandexamplesofhands-onmethodstobebeusedwithgroupsinempoweringyoung people to learn to learn.

Thirteen Reasons –WhyYour Brain Craves Infographics , 2014,NeomamStudio,UKhttp://neomam.com/interactive/13reasons/(accessed16.06.2014)Thiswebpageprovidesananimatedreasoningforusingvisuals.

Avideoaboutbasicprincipleshowtodrawwhichwemadespeciallyfor the training course in the Tool Fair 2013.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LF0es60xfkg

Avideoofthe5basicelementswemadespeciallyforthetrainingcourse in the Tool Fair 2013.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7N_YCfkEXSk

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lives in Estonia and is a passionate graphic facilitatorwhohasbeenvisuallydocumenting a vast amount of seminars, trainings, conferences etc. She was one of theteammembertodelivertheGraphicFacilitation training in the Tool Fair at 2013, Delphi.She’saco-founderofJoonmeediawhich is a platform for visual creative tools’ development and practice – joonmeedia.ee.

lives in Estonia and is an artist, designer and a practitioner of visual solutions. His best “friends” are drawing, photo- andvideo techniques, softwares of graphic designandvideoediting.He’salsoleadingworkshopsof visual thinking in Estonia.Heisco-founderofJoonmeedia.

lives in theUK and is a qualifiedYouthand CommunityWorker with over 30yearsexperience,rangingfromclubandissue-based work to management andstaff development. During his career he has gained significant experience inworkingandrespondingcreatively.HeisnowanestablishedandvaluedEuropeanYouthWorkTrainer,workingasatrainer,moderator and adviser with the Arts Award programme.

is based in France and is a freelancetrainerandwriter.His love forukulelesdoesnotpreventhimfrombeingcreativesometimes and in editing both CoyoteandToolsforLearningmagazines.

“I wish very hard that you have the courage to do some graphic snapshots, then some recording and even some facilitation!”

“My wish for you – I hope we willdrawtogetheroneday!”

“I wish for everyone to realise the artist within them and for everyone todrawwhattheyfeel.”

“I wish I could forward the understanding of using pictures and help you to achieve your strategic goalswithvisualsolutions.”

feel free to contact us:

Mark–brazav@yahoo.com

Siiri–siiri.taimla@gmail.com

Buzz–mail@buzzbury.co.uk

Tanel–rannala@gmail.com

39 GRAPHIC EXPRESS

ThisdocumentdoesnotnecessarilyexpresstheofficialviewoftheSalto-YouthEuroMedResourceCentreortheEuropeanCommission.Reproductionofmaterialfromthispublicationisauthorisedonlyfornon-commercial purposes andonlyoncondition that the source isquoted.Allcorrespondencerelatedtothispublication, includingthereproductionortranslationofallorpartofitshouldbeaddressedtoSALTO-YOUTHEuroMed(contactdetailsabove).

PublicationDirector:OlivierToche(headofINJEP)

Editorialcommittee:F.Demicheli,S.JakubowskiandB.Abrignani

Authors:MarkE.Taylor,SiiriTaimla,BuzzBury,TanelRannala

Designandlayoutby:SiiriTaimlaandTanelRannala(joonmeedia.ee)

Photos: Tanel Rannala

Drawings: Siiri Taimla and participants from Tool Fair Graphic Facilitation Training Course

Printing:BottegadellaComunicazione

PrintedinFrance,September2014

ThispublicationisavailabletodownloadatSALTOEuroMed’swebsite

AlsothankstoallparticipantsfromtheToolFairGraphicFacilitationTraining Course Delphi, Greece

SALTO-YOUTHEuroMedResourceCentre

Support and Advanced Learning and Training

Opportunities within the Youth In Action Programme

INJEP

95avenuedeFrance-75650Pariscedex13-France

www.salto-youth.net/euromed-www.injep.fr/salto