E51Volume 7

GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF GHANA

MINISTRY OF ENERGY/ELECTRICITY COMPANY OF GHANA LTD.

GHANA THERMAL PROJECT CREDIT (IDA 2682)

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

OF THE

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM UPGRADE PROJECT (DSUP)

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Refost ConsultingDECEMBER 2003 Tema

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LIST OF ACRONYMS

AMA - ACCRA METROPOLITAN ASSEMBLY

BSP - BULK SUPPLY POINT

DSUP - DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM UPGRADE PROJECT

EC - ENERGY COMMISSION

ECG - ELECTRICITY COMPANY OF GHANA

EIA - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

EMF - ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

EMP - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

EPA - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

ESIA - ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

GHC - GHANA CEDIS

GoG - GOVERNMENT OF GHANA

GT - GHANA TELECOM

kV - KILO VOLT (1,000 VOLTS)

KMA - KUMASI METROPOLITAN ASSEMBLY

LI - LEGISLATIVE INSTRUMENT

LV,' - LOW VOLTAGE

MoE - MINISTRY OF ENERGY

MVA - MEGAVOLT AMPERES

MW - MEGAWATT

NED - NORTHERN ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT

NEP - NATIONAL ELECTRIFICATION PROJECT

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II

Executive Summary

The Ministry of Energy (MoE) is seeking to improve the electric power distribution system of the

Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) to levels consistent with best industry practice in order to

support the Government of Ghana's economic development goals. In line with this objective,

MoE proposes to apply some of the funds obtained from the World Bank under the Ghana

Thermal Credit facility (IDA 2682) to finance some projects of ECG under the Distribution

System Upgrade Project (DSUP).

In compliance with the requirements of the World Bank, the borrower (MoE/ECG) is required to

undertake an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the proposed developments under the

DSUP to address potential adverse impacts, if any, that could arise during the implementation.

The World Bank disclosure policy further requires that the environmental

(biophysical) and social assessments should be made and disclosed in separate

documents. This report therefore covers the environmental impacts assessment of

the DSUP.

The DSUP components cover both improvements to physical systems (sub-stations,

transmission circuits, communications systems etc) as well improvements to financial operations

and other forms of institutional support.

The EIA commenced with an Inception (Scoping) phase during which the scope of the

assessment was determined through consultations, desk studies and field evaluations.

Following the findings of the Inception report, it was decided to focus the EIA on the following

components of the DSUP:

* Construction of Primary sub-stations

* Laying of Underground cables

* Construction of Overhead lines

* Upgrading of LV systems

The various institutional, regulatory and policy issues related to the project implementationhave been duly considered in this phase of the EIA.

Among those considered are:

* Environmental Assessment Regulations, 1999 (LI 1652),* Energy Commission Act, 1997 (Act 541) and PUBLIC NOTICES

* National Museum Decree, 1969, (NLCD 387)

Lands (Statutory Wayleaves) Regulations, 1964 (L.I. 334)Lands (Statutory Wayleaves) (Amendment) Regulations, 1964 (L.I. 346)Lands (Statutory Wayleaves) Act, 1963 (Act 186)Factories, Offices and Shops Act, 1970, Act 328

* ECG Safety Policy 1995

* ECG Environmental Management Plan 1999

The Road Reservation Management - Manual for Coordination

World Bank Safeguard Policy on Involuntary Resettlement (OD 4.30) (Note that thepolicy revision is OP 4.12, but this project is governed by the earlier version of thepolicy)

Relevant sections of these provisions and guidelines have been used in the appropriate sectionsof the report. The World Bank Safeguard Policy on Involuntary Resettlement provides the basisfor the socio-economic baseline and impact assessment on income loss due to disruptions topersons/economic activities that would result during the project implementation.

The Road Reservation Management Coordination Manual prescribes procedures for dealing withdisruptions to utilities and traffic management during such works.

The project components are described in sufficient detail as is consistent with EIA practice inorder to point out the issues of environmental concem.

The section on the description of the existing environment presents general information on thethree (3) urban centres - Accra, Tema and Kumasi where the major DSUP components underconsideration in the EIA will be implemented.

Also provided is information on those components of the environment that would be impacted

by the project implementation activities. These would serve as a basis of predicting and

evaluating any anticipated impacts (magnitude, extent and significance).

The section on Impacts and Mitigation discusses impacts on the physical environment such as

noise, dust, waste generation and issues of public/occupational safety and prescribes

appropriate mitigation measures in each case.

A summary of the findings is presented below in a tabular format.

Table ES 1- Pre-Construction Phase

Impact Source Activity Mitigation Responsible Nett Effects

Party

Loss of Vegetabon Site/ Line route Cleanng to be done in the dry PIU/Contractor Minimal

deanng season, and limited to the very exposure of

essential sections. the soil to the

weather.

Table ES 2 - Construction Phase

Impact Source Mitigation Responsible Nett Effects

Activity Party

Dust generabon Site clearing, Exposed surfaces and sand heaps PEO/Contractor Reduced Air

excavation will be sprayed with water pollution

Noise generation Excavabon Machines and equipment will be PEO/Contractor Reduced

machinery, well maintained and operated to noise

Human activities reduce noise. Activibes will be generabon

restricted to daytime.

Waste generation Waste from Cut brush, tree stumps and cable PEO/Contractor Avoid

vegetation drums shall be disposed of as environmental

cleanng and fuelwood. degradabon

packaging

matenals (solid

wastes)

Public health Excavations, pools Adequate waming signs, directing PEO/Contractor Avoid

of water of all collected water into public accidental

drains falls into open

trenches etc,

_ . ..~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I

and breeding

of mosquitoes

Occupabonal and Constructional Provision and use of Personnel PEO/Contractor Minimise riskPublic Health & Safety activibes protection Equipment of accidentsconcems Cover up open trenches each day to

Mark and seal off any open construction

trenches workers andFlll up any potential ponds the general

publicOil spills and Machinery Proper maintenance of all PEO/Contractor AvoidLeakages operations machinery and equipment, environmental

Provision of designated receptade degradabon

to collect waste oils for proper

disposal

Table ES 3 - Operation and Maintenance Phase

Impact Sourme Activity Mitigation Responsible Nett Effects

PartyWaste generation Disused Old equipment will be put in PIU Avoid

transformers, storage, reusable ones will be environmentalswitchgear and salvaged degradationconductors

During this phase of the studies, detailed baseline surveys were carried out along the proposedroutes. The surveys involved identifying project-affected persons using the criteria prescribed inthe World Bank Policy OD 4.30.

The affected persons include:

i.) Those whose structures are of a temporary nature - movable kiosks, tables etc.ii.) Those whose structures are of a permanent nature - set in concreteiii.) Those who sell on the pavements and sidewalks (hawkers/seasonal sellers)

iv

The details of socio-economic impacts and mitigation including information on affected persons

are addressed in the social impact assessment report which is titled as Compensation and

Resettlement Plan.

The summary of the findings on the affected persons and structures is presented below.

Table ES 2 - Summary of Affected Structures and Persons

No. 1 Route Permanent Structures / Affected Persons Movable Structures / Affected Persons

1 Accra Route 1 15 structures 44 Persons 27 structures 46 Persons

2 Accra Route 2 9 structures 19 Persons 36 structures * 36 Persons

3 Accra Route 3 Nil Nil 200 Persons (seasonal sellers)

4 1 Kumasi 4 structures 6 Persons 74 structures *74 PersonsI~~~~~~ I

TOTALS 28 structures 69 Persons 137 structures 356 Persons

*Field Estimated numbers

ECG Environmental Management Plan (1999) and ECG Safety Policy (1995) provide guidelines

and systems for managing the environmental and health and safety aspects of the project

implementation.

Appropriate monitoring criteria shall be established to verify the predicted impacts of the project

on the environment and adjust the mitigation measures where necessary.

The Project Unit of ECG shall ensure that monitoring programmes are instituted and carried out

to cover the under listed areas. Relevant records shall be kept to ensure compliance with sound

environmental practices recommended in this report.

ECG's Environmental Officer shall oversee and report all monitoring activities and reports to the

Director of Engineering through the Director of Projects.

The monitoring criteria are outlined in detail in the report under the following headings:

* Construction Phase

* Waste management

V

* Operations and Maintenance Phase

* Socio-economic/cultural issues

A section outlining a provisional Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to ensure theapplication of sound environmental practices during the various stages of the project is alsoincorporated in the report. The provisional EMP discusses and allocates appropriate resources

for items discussed under mitigation and monitoring. Various clauses to be incorporated into the

contracts to cover environmental and safety aspects of the contractors obligations are also

provided.

ECG shall appoint a Project Environmental Coordinator who will also serve on the ProjectImplementation Unit with support from the Projects Department, to oversee site construction

activities and monitor specific environmental criteria. A Social Impact Coordinator shall also beappointed to see to the social issues. These persons shall carry on their assignments into theoperational phase of the project.

Details of consultations held with the various identified stakeholders are presented in a further

section on consultations. The report concludes with a recommendation for the implementation

of the project subject to monitoring of the various commitments made for mitigating theenvironmental impacts.

VI

Table of Contents

Page

LIST OF ACRONYMS a

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Objectives of EIA 2

1.2 Approach and Methodology 2

1.3 Institutional, Regulatory and Policy Considerations 3

2.0 Project Description 6

2.1 Construction of Primary sub-stations 6

2.2 Laying of Underground Cables 7

2.3 Construction of Overhead Lines 8

2.4 Upgrading of Low Voltage (LV) Systems 9

3.0 Description of Existing Environment 10

3.1 Urban Profiles 10

3.2 Natural Environment 12

4.0 Potential Impacts and Mitigation 13

5.0 Monitoring 16

i 1 Constructional Phase 16

5.2 Waste Management 17

5.3 Operations and Maintenance Phase 18

GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF GHANA

MINISTRY OF ENERGY/ELECTRICITY COMPANY OF GHANA LTD.

GHANA THERMAL PROJECT CREDIT (IDA 2682)

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTOF THE

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM UPGRADE PROJECT (DSUP)

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Refast Consulting

December 2003 Tema

1.0 Introduction

The Electricity Company of Ghana Ltd, (ECG) is a public utility service provider registered as a

private limited liability enterprise under the Companies Code, 1963 (Act 179). Currently, the

Government of Ghana is the sole shareholder of ECG.

The company is responsible for the distribution of electric power over the southem sector of

Ghana which comprises six (6) out of the ten (10) administrative regions namely Ashanti,

Eastern, Volta, Western, Central and Greater-Accra. The regions in the northern sector of

Ghana are served by the Northem Electricity Department (NED) of the Volta River Authority

(VRA).

ECG has further subdivided the six (6) administrative regions into nine (9) operational regions,

namely:

Accra West Ashanti East Eastern Central Tema

Accra East Ashanti West Volta Western

In the course of its operations, ECG has not been able to match the demand of electricity with

the needed network upgrades and expansions. Insufficient tariffs have placed the company in

a poor financial state with inadequate investments such that most of the equipment in

operation are obsolete, and the transformers and associated distribution systems are constantly

overloaded. This has resulted in high distribution system losses, poor electricity supply quality

and reliability leading to considerable customer dissatisfaction.

It is the objective of the Ministry of Energy (MoE) to improve the electric power distribution

system of the Electricity Company of Ghana to levels consistent with best industry practice in

order to support the Government of Ghana's economic development goals.

In line with this objective, MoE proposes to apply some of the funds obtained from the World

Bank under the Ghana Thermal Credit facility (IDA 2682) to finance aspects of ECG's investment

programme under the Distribution System Upgrade Project (DSUP).

In compliance with the requirements of the World Bank, the borrower (MOE/ECG) is undertakingan Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the proposed developments under the DSUP.

REFAST Consulting, a Ghanaian Engineering and Environmental consultancy has been engagedto facilitate the conduct of the EIA.

1.1 Objectives of the EIA

An initial screening and evaluation (Scoping) was carried out at the inception of the EIA to:• Identify the components of the DSUP that could have adverse impacts on the environment

and socio-cultural conditions within their sphere of influence* Identify all relevant stakeholders in relation to the proposed DSUP* Determine the scope and methodology for assessing the potential impacts expected from

the implementation of the DSUP* Assemble all necessary information including various Regulatory and Institutional

arrangements (World Bank, GoG etc.) relevant to the conduct of the EIA.

Based on the findings of the inception phase, the main objectives of this phase of the ESIA areto:

* Focus the detailed assessment on the investment components covering the sub-transmission and HV/LV systems that involve physical works. These include projects in Accra(3 projects), Tema (2 projects) and Kumasi (2 projects).

* Propose Mitigation and Management Plan for dealing with the impacts assessed above.* Prepare a Draft Report for study by the Client (MoE/ECG) and the World Bank

1.2 Approach and Methodology

The inception report further proposed that in order to meet the above objectives, theprocedures to be adopted in the EIA should be to:

* Hold consultations with identified stakeholders on details of the DSUP, to address theirconcerns and expectations.

2 .

* Carry out detailed route surveys on the proposed circuit routes in Accra and Kumasi to

identify main environmental characteristics along the proposed routes and the extent and

significance of potential impacts in relation to Ghana EPA regulations and the World Bank's

safeguard policies (i.e. OD 4.30 - Involuntary Resettlement).

In particular, it was found that the two (2) sites acquired for new constructions in Tema and

Kumasi are in properly zoned locations for development and have no significant environmental

characteristics and will therefore not require further detailed studies.

Both sites have been properly acquired from the bona fide title holders and were not previously

occupied by other users. Site plans for both sites are attached as Annex 1.

1.3 Institutional, Regulatory and Policy Considerations

The Ministry of Energy is the Government agency responsible for policy issues in the energy

sector. The ECG, through its Board of Directors, reports to the Government through the Minister

of Energy. The availability of a reliable and cost effective supply of electrical energy is

considered as a very critical component of the Govemment's agenda for growth and poverty

reduction.

The Ministry, through the ongoing Self Help Electrification Programme (SHEP) and the National

Electrification Programme (NEP), has facilitated the extension of power to all District capitals

and to various rural communities. In the search for more sustainable sources of power supply,

the Ministry has in place a Renewable Energy programme which is exploring alternatives such

as solar and wind generated power.

The relevant policies and the regulatory conditions that must be considered for the successful

implementation of the DSUP project have been assembled and reviewed during this phase of

the EIA process and appropriate consultations have been held with some of the relevant

institutions and agencies.

. or - ._ _ 3

Among the documentation considered are:

Environmental Assessment Regulations, 1999 (LI 1652),

Energy Commission Act, 1997 (Act 541) and PUBLIC NOTICES

National Museum Decree, 1969, (NLCD 387)

Lands (Statutory Wayleaves) Regulations, 1964 (L.I. 334)

Lands (Statutory Wayleaves) (Amendment) Regulations, 1964 (L.I. 346)

Lands (Statutory Wayleaves) Act, 1963 (Act 186)

Factories, Offices and Shops Act, 1970, Act 328

ECG Safety Policy 1995

ECG Environmental Management Plan 1999

The Road Reservation Management - Manual for Coordination 2001

. World Bank Safeguard Policy on Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.30) (Note that the

policy revision is OP 4.12, but this project is governed by the earlier version of the

policy)

The Energy Commission's PUBLIC NOTICES EC. N. 001 and 003, require ECG to register the

proposed project with the Commission prior to commencement of the project as part of the

licensing process.

The components of the DSUP that involve construction of overhead and underground circuits

raise issues regarding the acquisition of wayleaves (Right-of-Way RoW). The determination of

the final routes and acquisition of the RoW shall be carried out with due consultations with the

communities within the project areas of influence. The various Lands (Wayleaves) legislation

identified above provide the necessary legal procedures for acquiring the RoW and these will

guide ECG and stakeholders concerned.

Consultations with some members of the local communities have been undertaken as part of

the baseline survey for this EIA process. The details of the findings are discussed in Chapters 3and 4.

In the event of the chance finding of any archaeological artefacts in the course of clearing or

excavation for the construction works, the National Museum Decree, 1969, (NLCD 387) provides

4

the necessary framework for action. Procedures to be followed on the discovery of any such

artefacts are clearly outlined in the document.

Environmental issues involve aspects of both public/occupational health and safety particularly

in the working environment. It is important to note that ECG's installations and facilities

including those proposed in the DSUP are to be in compliance with the Factories, Offices and

Shops Act (Act 328, 1970).

The ECG Safety Policy outlines the various safety procedures that are to be applied at all stages

in carrying out activities on the ECG networks to ensure the safety of workers, general public as

well the plant and machinery. ECG's Environmental Management Plan also prescribes

procedures for dealing with environmentat concerns arising from ECG operations including

waste handling, EMF effects, Emergency response procedures etc.

The Road Reservation Management Manual for Coordination is a comprehensive document

developed between the various utility service providers in Ghana (ECG, Ghana Water Company,

Ghana Telecom, Volta River Authority), the Road Agencies (Department of Urban Roads,

Department of Feeder Roads and Ghana Highway Authority) and the relevant statutory and

regulatory agencies (Lands Commission, Environmental Protection Agency, Lands Valuation

Board etc.) for the efficient management of road reservations for the installation of utility

services such as pipelines, cables and transmission lines. Specifically, the manual deals with the

procedures for the handling of disruptions of utilities and traffic during construction and issues

of valuation for compensation, which are relevant for the DSUP implementation.

The World Bank Safeguard Policy on Involuntary Resettlement (OD 4.30) provides the

necessary guidelines for dealing with the various issues related to impacts of the DSUP activities

on persons and properties within the RoW along the various proposed circuit routes in both

Accra-Tema and Kumasi. The baseline survey has been carried out by following the

recommendations of OD 4.30 in identifying the affected persons. These are discussed in

Chapter 3.

5

2.0 Project Description

The components of the DSUP being considered in detail in this phase of the EIA may begrouped into four (4) types of project activities. These are:

* Construction of Primary substations

* Laying of Underground cables

• Construction of Overhead lines

* Upgrading of LV systems

This section descrbes these components in sufficient detail as is consistent with EIA practice soas to be able to identify those aspects that raise environmental concerns. It must be noted atthis stage that all construction activities will be carried out by certified contractors to ECG'sdocumented Standards and Specifications which are specified in the contract of works.

2.1 Construction of Primary substations (Tema and Kumasi)

Primary substations in the ECG distribution system consist of 33/11 kV transformers whichreceive 33 kV input and step down to 11 kV for further distribution in the ECG networks. Thereare proposals to construct 2 new primary substations under the DSUP.These are:

i.) Tema - 2x20/26 MVA at Ashaiman

ii.) Kumasi - 2x20 MVA at Boadi, KNUST

The main activities involved in constructing such stations are:* Site clearing - substation sites are cleared completely of all vegetation, leaving a bare

surface at commencement of construction.

* Excavation - excavations are carried out to lay foundations for transformer platforms andhousing (and cables where appropriate). Some of the excavated soil is used to backfill asnecessary.

* Concrete works - concrete works for the foundations and footings are carried out asrequired.

6

* Erection of Transformers - transformers and associated switch gear and circuits are

carefully mounted in their specified locations.

* Gravelling and Fencing - the exposed ground areas of the substation are covered with

granite chippings and kept free of weeds at all times. The entire area is provided with

appropriate security fencing.

The environmental concerns arising from the above activities include noise, dust and waste

generation as well as occupational/public health and safety issues.

When in operation, substations raise various issues of concern such as noise, EMF effects,

problems associated with repair and maintenance of equipment, oil leaks etc.

These are discussed in detail in Section 4.0 - Impacts and Mitigation

2.2 Laying of underground cables (Accra and Kumasi)

Underground circuits in the ECG distribution system are found mainly in built up urban areas

and in places where there is the need to avoid obstacles or crossing points. Under the DSUP,

the proposals for underground circuits are:

i.) Accra: From Mallam BSP to Substation 'B' Korle Bu - sections of New 2x40 MVA

circuits 33 kV 500 sq. mm Cu 3x1C. Distance of Approx. 9 km.

ii.) Accra: From Achimota 'H' to Makola 'GN - New2x4O MVA circuits 33 kV 500 sq. mm

Cu 3x1C. Distance of approx. 8.7 km.

iii.) Accra: From Odorkor 'A' to Korle Bu 'B' - Replacement of existing cable with 40

MVA 33 kV 500 sq. mm Cu 3xlC. Distance of approx. 6.6 km.

iv.) Kumasi: From Kaasi 'D' to Buadi-UST (New proposed S/S) - sections of New40 MVA

33 kV. Distance of approx. 1 km.

The main activities involved in such works are:

V Excavation of cable route (trenching) - In the ECG system, 33kV cables are buried at

between 900mm - 1100mm depth, with a trench width of about 500mm.

7

Trenching is done by a combination of machinery and manual labour depending on thelocation and nature of the soil. ECG's Standard specifications for trenching and laying of33kV and 11kV lines are presented in Annex 2.

* Laying of cables - The space immediately below the cable position is filled with dry sand toa depth of about 100mm and forms a bed along the entire length of the trench. The cable isuncoiled from the cable drum and laid out on the sand bed and covered with an additionallayer of dry sand before the trench is backfilled with the previously excavated soil. Thesurface layer is then compacted and restored to the original condition.

* Protection of cables - Coloured warning tapes are buried near the surface during backfillingto provide waming in event of any subsequent excavations works by other utility serviceproviders (e.g. water, telecoms etc). In addition properly labelled concrete pillar markers arelocated at various points along cable routes especially in way of cable joints to provide forease of locating for repairs and maintenance.

In certain cases, cables may be laid next to each other at the same depth or even in layers atvarious depths. In each case, ECG Standard Specifications that provide for safety and efficiencyare available to guide the contractor.

2.3 Construction of Overhead Lines

Overhead lines constitute the bulk of the circuits in the ECG distribution system for both HV andLV. Under the DSUP, the proposals for HV overhead circuits are:

i.) Accra: From Mallam BSP to Substation 'B' Korle Bu - sections of New 2x40 MVAcircuits 33 kV OHL 3W SC Tower 265mm Al. Distance of approx. 11 km.

ii.) Tema: From Steelworks to Ashaiman (New proposed S/5) - New2x40 MVA circuits33 kV OHL 3W SC Tower 265mm Al. Distance of approx. 7 km.

iii.) Kumasi: From Kaasi 'D' to Buadi-UST (New proposed S/5) - New 40 MVA 33 kVOHL 3W SC Tower 265mm Al. Distance of approx. 12 km.

8

NB. For these proposed lines, underground cables would be used at specific sections where it is

not feasible to go overhead (e.g. in sharp bends and crossing obstacles). Maps of the routes are

presented in Annex 3.

The main activities involved in OHL works are:

* Positioning of Towers - The average span for the 33kV OHL is about 100 m. During

construction, sites for locating the towers will be selected in accordance with ECG standard

specifications and environmental considerations such as visual intrusion. At the specified

locations, towers may be buried to a depth of about 1800mm. The average height of the

towers/poles ranges from 10-12 m.

* Stringing of Lines - In most cases, lines are strung by manual labour. The minimum

clearance of the lines to ground is about 6 m at the lowest point of sag and this increases to

about 8 m in way of road crossings. The wayleaves for 33kV lines spans a width of 10 m

(5m on either side of the centreline). In built up urban settlements this space may be

reduced in certain situations due to space constraints.

2.4 Upgrading of Low Voltage (LV) Systems

The project activities proposed under this section consist mainly of transformer injection (i.e.

adding additional transformers to an existing substation) or replacing an existing overloaded

transformer with one of a higher rating. In some cases, the upgrading works will involve

replacing existing conductors with higher capacity.

Individually, these activities do not raise issues of significant environmental concern, however

the cumulative effects of some related aspects such as generation of waste material, oil

disposal etc., could be of concern. These are also discussed further in Chapter 4.

9

3.0 Description of Existing Environment

The major projects of the DSUP under consideration in this EIA are in the urban settlements ofAccra, Tema and Kumasi. The substation sites and circuit routes are located in populated builtup areas. This section on the existing environment presents general information on these three(3) urban centres along with information on those components of the environment (bothnatural and socio-economic/cultural) that would be impacted by the project implementationactivities. These would serve as a basis of predicting and evaluating any anticipated impacts(magnitude, extent and significance).

3.1 Urban Profiles

Accra

Accra is the administrative capital of Ghana, with a population of about 2,207,147 people (PHC2000). It is also the seat of Government, and important arms of the state such as theParliament House, the Supreme Court, the various Ministries, Departments and Agencies ofstate are housed here.

Major economic activities here include manufacturing industries, commercial houses, utility andservice providers and the headquarters of many industrial and commercial concerns. Accra isthe hub of business and commerce in Ghana. The Accra-Tema area is key to Ghana's GatewayProject, which seeks to make Ghana the entry point and arrowhead of economic and industrialactivity in the West African sub-region. Accra has a high demand for electric power and isserved by a 250 MVA BSP at Achimota and 150 MVA BSP at Mallam.

Tema

Tema is an important industrial city in Ghana, and lies 25 kilometres east of Accra. It is thecapital of the Tema Municipal Area, which is home to about 506,637 (Population & HousingCensus, 2000). Tema Township itself has a population of 280,000. It is a coastal city with ashipping harbour and a fishing harbour.

0I O

Tema has the largest concentration of industries in Ghana, with more than 185 manufacturing

and industrial concerns. There is also a large number of small and medium scale enterprises,

especially in the wood processing, metal fabrication, food production and textile industries. The

major economic activities in Tema include fishing (subsistence and commercial), manufacturing,

industry, commerce, fishing, stevedoring and agriculture. Thus Tema provides employment for

a significant section of the urban population in the general Accra-Tema area. Tema accounts for

about 13% of ECG's sales with a peak demand of 100 MW.

The Greenwich Meridian runs through Tema, and major cultural and tourist sites, coupled with

its beaches make Tema an attractive tourist destination. Thus hotels and other hospitality

services also abound.

The Tema harbour is a major port along the West African coast, with an average annual traffic

of about 1170 vessels. Expectedly, downstream shipping activities such as stevedoring, freight

clearing and forwarding, warehousing abound in the township.

Kumasi

Kumasi is the second largest city in Ghana after Accra. It also has the second highest

concentration of manufacturing industries after Accra-Tema. It has a population of about

1,171,311 (PHC 2000). Manufacturing industries include sawmills, breweries, pharmaceuticals,

and electrical appliances. Kumasi has a current peak demand of about 130 MW and accounts

for 15% of ECG's total sales.

Kumasi is a nodal city with many outlying towns and villages. It is therefore and important trade

and commercial centre for foodstuffs, raw materials for industry and finished goods. Its central

location in Ghana ensures that goods in transit to and from Ghana's northern and western

neighbours, i.e. Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger and La Cote dIvoire (Ivory Coast) pass through

Kumasi.

The proposed development of an inland port in Boankra, near Kumasi will go to enhance

Kumasi's position as an international trade centre as Ghana's landlocked neighbours will utilise

the port. Kumasi is also a much preferred tourist destination due to its rich cultural heritage.Thus the hotel and hospitality industry is also well developed.

3.2 Natural Environment

As indicated in the preliminary assessments in the Inception Report and confirmed during thedetailed baseline surveys, there are no significant natural resources/habitats (flora, fauna, waterbodies etc) within the project areas under consideration.

In the case of the proposed underground circuit route from Achimota 'H' to Makola 'G' in Accra,there are a number of trees (mainly Neem and Acacia) found along the road reservations butthese would not be affected by the cable works since the trenching would be along thesidewalks.

The Tema overhead line proposed from Steelworks to Ashaiman passes through mostly vacantlots and along the reservation of the abandoned Tema-Shai Hills rail line. The vegetation,consisting mainly of grass species, would not be significantly affected as digging will be limitedonly to selected tower spots.

In Kumasi, a section of the proposed overhead line from Kaasi 'D' to Boadi-KNUST passesthrough the reservation for the existing VRA 161kV line. The vegetation here consists mainly ofshrubs and grass species and would not be significantly affected, as excavation for towers willbe limited only to selected tower spots.

In view of the foregoing, the baseline survey focused on the socio-economic components wherethe impacts on people and activities to be disturbed during implementation are expected to besignificant. This is presented in a separate social impact report titled 'Compensation andResettlement Plan'.

12

4.0 Potential Impacts and Mitigation

This section discusses the impacts expected at various stages of the project implementation and

recommended mitigation actions to minimise these impacts. The identification of these impacts

has been informed by comments and concerns of stakeholders, including the public. The

stakeholders are listed in Section 7 Consultations. The affected persons are listed in the

Compensation and Resettlement plan document.

* Noise Impacts - Construction activities tend to generate noise both from machinery as well

as from the workers on site at levels beyond 90 dBA. This impact would be significant in

those sections of the project that pass through residential areas where the Ghana EPA

standards prescribe noise limits of 60 dBA. The impact of construction noise on residents

may be mitigated by avoiding work during the night. In addition contractors and workers

will be instructed to minimise noise during working periods.

* Dust Generation - Excavation works and site clearing generate dust in the working

environment especially during the dry season. This impact is limited to the construction

period and may not be very significant in relation to the projects under consideration. The

recommended mitigation is to spray exposed surface and sand heaps with water.

* Waste Generation - Typical waste generated during the construction will be mainly solid

waste made up of cleared vegetation, excavated soils, packaging materials and

excess/damaged construction materials. Wastes will be segregated and useful items such as

wood pieces would be given out to workers for use as fuelwood. Waste receptacles shall be

provided at all work sites to be emptied periodically by waste management contractors.

Wastes generated during upgrading works will include used transformers, switchgear and

conductors. In line with ECG practice, these would be tallied and stored in the materials

depot at Tema. Some may be reused in other parts of the network or kept as spares.

* Impacts on Public/Occupational Heath and Safety - Throughout the project implementation

phases, workers and the general public would face various risks/hazards.

13

Among these are:

o Open trenches

c Accidents from machinery and toolso Fire risks

o Electrocution

The ECG Safety Policy Manual, 1995, prescribes various safety procedures andprecautions that shall be applied at the various work sites. These include personnelsafety, use of safety clothing and protective gears, protection of public from worksitesetc.

As much as possible, trenches will be covered up each day before close of work. Anyopen trenches shall be clearly marked and sealed off with fluorescent tapes. Adequatewaming notices shall be placed near to dangerous spots.

ECG's Environmental Management Plan, 1999, also prescribes procedures for handlingwaste oils, maintenance wastes and other similar wastes.

The impacts discussed above are of a more general nature. However the two main areas ofsignificant impacts in relation to the projects under consideration are those associated with theproposed cable works, which would require excavation within existing road reservations andsidewalks/pavements. These are discussed below:

Impacts on utilities in road reservations - Urban roads usually have a reservation ofbetween 45 m to 90 m depending on their function. Within this reserved width, theoutermost 6 m stretch on either side is allocated for the use of the utility service providers -Electricity, Water and Telephone.

During the excavations for the proposed cable works in Accra and Kumasi, some of theexisting services could be disrupted (e.g. Kanda Highway, Dansoman, Mataheko, Odorkor inAccra and Kaasi in Kumasi) if their locations are interfered with.

14

A comprehensive system of collaboration and coordination between the various stakeholders in

road reservation management has been instituted since 1996. There is a published manual

known as the Road Reservation Management - Manual for Coordination - that clearly defines

the procedures to be followed to ensure that such disruptions are minimised.

The main focus of these activities are the Engineering Coordinating Teams/Committees set up

at national, regional and district levels which comprise of representation at the highest levels of:

* The Road Agencies

* The Town and Country Planning Department

* The Lands Commission

* The Land Valuation Board

* Ghana Water Company

* Electricity Company of Ghana

* Volta River Authority

* Ministry of Roads and Highways

* Ministry of Works and Housing

* Ministry of Transport

* Ministry of Energy

* Ministry of Environment and Science

* Ministry of Lands and Forestry

* Environmental Protection Agency

* Survey Department

ECG shall utilise these committees to ensure that the proposed works conform to the laid down

policies and that disruptions are kept to the barest minimum.

6 -- 1 5

5.0 Monitoring

Appropriate monitoring criteria shall be established to verify the predicted impacts of the projecton the environment and adjust the mitigation measures where necessary.

The Project Unit of ECG shall ensure that monitoring programmes are instituted and carried outto cover the under listed areas. Relevant records shall be kept to ensure compliance with soundenvironmental practices recommended in this report.

ECG's Environmental Officer shall oversee and report all monitoring activities to the Director ofEngineering through the Director of Projects.

The monitoring criteria are outlined under the following headings:

* Construction Phase

* Waste management

* Operations and Maintenance Phase

* Socio-economic/cultural issues

5.1 Constructional Phase

. Transportation

Guidelines provided under section 11 of the ECG Safety Policy 1995 concerning motor vehiclesand transportation of personnel and materials shall be applied and closely monitored andrecorded. These will include monitoring the following activities:

* Speed Limits of vehicles

* Trucks conditions and maintenance

* Vehicular accident records

. Vehicle safety signals (flares, warning lights, reflectors etc)

. Vehicle fuelling procedures

* Vehicle loading/off loading procedures

16

* Vehicle daily check outs

* Driving licenses and permit to drive

* First Aid and Fire Extinguishing kit

* Civil Works

Activities to be monitored under civil works shall cover safe working practices in accordance

with ECG Safety Policy 1995 and Factories, Offices and Shops Act 1970 (Act 328). Monitoring

criteria shall include:

* Protective clothing and safety working gear (helmets, boots, safety belts etc)

* Noise levels (residential areas, etc)

* Plant and equipment maintenance

* Safety Test - lifting plant gears (wires, hoisting blocks etc,)

* Dewatering operations

* Concrete works

. Fire patrols

* Dust levels

5.2 Waste Management

Based on Guidelines provided in ECG EMP 1999, the following will be monitored:

* Waste water handling

* Waste segregation

. Waste dump sites

* Disposal of conductor drums

* Disposal of metallic waste

* Disposal of empty paint/chemical/solvent containers

1 7

5.3 Operations and Maintenance Phase

. Routine inspection of lines

* Towers/poles (damages, corrosion)

* Insulators and accessories (damages, replacements)

* Accidents involving lines and structures

* Occupational hazards and accidents

* Accidents affecting public safety

18

6.0 Provisional Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

This section outlines a provisional environmental management plan to ensure sound

environmental practices prevail during the various stages of the project. It discusses and

allocates appropriate resources for items discussed under mitigation and monitorng.

ECG shall appoint a Project Environmental Coordinator who will also serve on the Project

Implementation Unit with support from the Projects Department, to oversee site construction

activities and monitor specific environmental criteria. The person shall carry on this assignment

into the operational phase of the project.

The provisional plan discussed in this section has taken into consideration guidelines provided in

the ISO 14000, which deals with Quality Standards associated with Environmental

management.

6.1 Environmental Management Structure

Following the recommendations of the EMP adopted in 1999, ECG has appointed an

Environmental Officer to coordinate the company's environmental obligations.

The Environmental Officer shall be responsible for all environmental issues at the pre-

constructional and constructional phase of the project. Management of the post constructional

operational phase shall be incorporated into the Company's Environmental Management Plan,

which is presently administered by ECG.

6.1.1 Functions of Project Environmental Officer (PEO)

The functions of the PEO shall include:

Ensuring project compliance with all relevant environmental, social, health and safety

regulations

19

* Liaison with all relevant regulatory bodies and organizations - EPA, Factories Inspectorate,

Energy Commission (Inspectorate unit), Road Reservation Management

* Formulation and review of environmental and social policies and practices associated with

the project

* Liaison between Project Department and relevant ECG departments on all health,

environment, safety and social matters connected to the project

* Assisting in the education and training of project staff in environmental, social and safety

awareness

* Making budgetary provision for project environmental programmes

* Undertaking environmental and social monitoring activities for the project

* Working closely with project contractors to ensure that all monitoring and mitigation

guidelines recommended for the project are strictly adhered to during the various phases.

This will include following all heath and safety guidelines outlined and following strictly the

company's environmental policy guidelines

* To organise activities to motivate and maintain the interest of project staff in environmental

issues

* To increase project staff awareness of environmental issues through training programmes

and review meetings

* To coordinate investigations on all types of accidents

* To conduct environmental audits in accordance with project monitoring guidelines

20

* To serve as liaison between project contractors, the Company and relevant regulatory

agencies

* To produce environmental reports covering the project

* To develop a work plan for the implementation of the EMP

* To establish and run a reporting system on progress (or otherwise) in implementing

mitigation measures (including contractors obligation), collaboration with other agencies, etc.

6.2 General Health and Safety Procedures

ECG Safety Policy (1995) and guidelines provided in the Factories, Offices and Shops Act, 1970

(Act 328) given below shall be strictly complied with at all stages (pre- constructional,

constructional, operational) of the project. These regulations cover the major safety areas.

Further details of the two major safety sections (substation and line work) relating to this

project are also outlined below.

* General Safety Measures for workers engaged in construction, operation or maintenance

work.

* Code of Practice for vehicle and transportation of personnel and materials

* Code of Practice for Overhead Lines work.

Code of Practice for Underground Lines.

Code of Practice for storage and handling of materials

21

6.2.1 Code of Practice for Overhead Lines work.

Some of the important safety guidelines (lines work) to be followed as per ECG Safety Policy

1995 (rules 400 to 417) include:

* The person in charge

* Use of Ladders

* Work near live lines

* Protective grounding

* Roads and highway crossing

* Unfinished overhead lines work

6.2.2 Code of Practice for Underground work

Some of the important safety guidelines (underground work) to be followed as per ECG Safety

Policy 1995 (rules 500 to 518) include:

* Protection and Safety of employees

* Trenching and Excavation

* Work in cable joint pits

* Confined areas

* Permit required for confined space

. Road and Highway crossing

6.3 Pollution Prevention

In addition to the Code of Practice guidelines relating to health and safety, strict pollution

prevention guidelines shall also be enforced during all phases of the project.

Most pollution incidents are avoidable if careful planning and management procedures are

instituted.

22

Pollution prevention measures are much cheaper to implement than costly clean up after the

incident. For the prevention measures to be effective it is important that the project team must

first be adequately trained in pollution prevention for this assignment.

Some of the important pollution prevention guidelines to be followed for this project shall

include the following:

6.3.1 Planning and Preparation

Careful planning can reduce the risk of pollution significantly. As a first step environmental site

meetings shall be organised between the local EPA officer(s), the project team and contractors

prior to commencement and during construction operations.

6.3.1.1 Project Site Offices

A common cause of pollution is through acts of theft and vandalism. Project site camps/offices

shall be adequately protected by fences and locked accesses where possible. Security personnel

shall be engaged at site offices/yards.

Care shall be taken to ensure that any contaminated site drain water does not flow into nearby

water bodies (if any).

Fire precautions to be observed at site offices shall include:

* Provision of adequate and suitable portable fire extinguishers

* Adequate ventilation for storage rooms containing flammable chemicals

* "No Smoking" signals posted at sensitive locations

* Handling of flammable liquids by competent personnel only

* Rags soaked with flammable liquids shall be stored in metal containers and disposed of

safely

23

6.3.2 Storage, Handling and Disposal of Materials / Oils / Chemicals

The Company's Safety Policy 1995 (section 12) regarding above shall be strictly adhered to. Inaddition, the following guidelines shall also be followed in the handling of materials, oils andchemicals.

. Materials shall be stored in an orderly manner and in safe stacks, tiers or piles. Materialsshall be stored so as not to obstruct passageways. Where necessary waming signals, lightsand barricades shall be provided.

• Most chemicals used in construction operations such as oils, cement, cleaning materials, andpaint have potential pollution hazards. All such materials shall be stored on an imperviousbase within a bund wall to contain any spillages.

* Leaking or empty oil / chemical drums shall be removed from the site and safely disposed

* Contents of all tanks / drums containing chemicals shall be clearly marked.

. Disposal of all tanks and drums shall be done safely. All contents of tanks/drums to bedisposed shall be emptied and perforated by competent personnel before final safe disposal.

. Fuelling of project equipment (trucks, excavators etc.) and vehicles may constitute thegreatest spillage risks. This shall be done in designated areas with impermeable surfaceslocated away from drains or watercourses. Drip trays and spill kits shall be immediatelyavailable. Fuel hoses and valves shall be regularly checked for leakages and wear and tear.

* Emergency spillage procedures shall be clearly outlined and posted conspicuously. Absorbentmaterials for containing spillages shall be readily available on site. These shall includesawdust, sand, etc.

24

6.3.3 Concrete Works

The construction of the substations will involve concrete works. Concrete and cement are very

alkaline and corrosive and can have serious pollution impacts on watercourses. Therefore all

concrete works shall be so sited and carefully monitored to ensure that such material do not

contaminate any streams and water bodies.

. Where possible water entry into excavations shall be prevented by the use of cut-off

ditches.

* The amount of soil stockpiles shall be kept to a minimum.

6.4 Waste Disposal

For the DSUP, the major sources of waste would be from the obsolete machinery, switch gear

and used conductors.

Other major sources of waste would be packing materials such as wood, plastics, metal scraps

etc. Appropriate waste bins shall be provided at site for collection and disposal through public

waste disposal system.

All used equipment/parts shall be stored in the Tema depot and re-used as needed or disposed

off appropriately under ECG laid down procedures.

25

6.5 Impact Mitigation Table

PROJECT POTENTIAL PROPOSED MONITORING/ NETACTIVITY ENVIRONMENTAL LOCATION MITIGATION FOLLOW -UP EFFECTS

IMPACTS MEASURE(S)

PRE- Loss of vegetation At sites for new Vegetation ECG Project Will minimiseCONSTRUCTION substations, and clearing shall be Implementation Unit vegetationPHASE along route of kept to the barest clearing and

existing and new minimum, exposure of soilunderground cables essentially along surface

cable route and

sites for new

substations, and

will be done in

the dry season.

Noise generation Along sections of Construction PEO/ Contractor Will minimiseCONSTRUCTION the project that workers will noise generation

traverse residential reduce noise from project

areas. generation to the activities.

barest minimum,PHASE and will avoid

working at night.

26

PROJECT POTENTIAL _ PROPOSED MONITORING/ NET

ACTIVITY ENVIRONMENTAL LOCATION MITIGATION FOLLOW -UP EFFECTS

IMPACTS MEASURE(S)

Dust generation Around excavation Exposed surfaces PEO/Contractor Dust generation

areas and sand heaps from excavation

will be sprayed activities will be

with water reduced

CONSTRUCTIONWaste generation from Along sections of Tree stumps, cut PEO/Contractor Avoid

vegetation clearing and route where new brush and cable environmental

PHASE packaging materials cables will be laid drums shall be degradation

(solid wastes). or existing ones disposed of as

replaced. fuelwood.

Liquid wastes At sites for Liquids from PEO/Contractor Avoid collection

construction of new concrete/ building of water that

substations, and works will be may breed

replacement of directed into mosquitoes

pavements and municipal drains.

affected physical

structures

27

PROJECT POTENTIAL PROPOSED MONITORING/ NETACTIVITY ENVIRONMENTAL LOCATION MITIGATION FOLLOW -UP EFFECTS

IMPACTS MEASURE(S)

Accidents/Slips/Fire At all The ECG Safety PIU/Contractor Minimise risk andrisks/Risk of sections/locations policy Manual danger ofElectrocution and 1995 will be accidents toPublic/Occupational strictly enforced. constructionHealth and Safety The provision and workers and the

use of Personnel general public.

protective

equipment will be

strictly enforced.

Oil leaks and other All waste oil will

toxics be collected in

specially labelled

containers and

appropriately.

OPERATION Waste generation from Substations and Old equipment PIU Avoiddisused transformers, transformers. parts will be environmental

AND switchgear and tallied and stored degradationconductors in materials depot

1 1. !' I I 1 28

PROJECT POTENTIAL _ PROPOSED MONITORING/ NET

ACTIVITY ENVIRONMENTAL LOCATION MITIGATION FOLLOW -UP EFFECTS

IMPACTS MEASURE(S)

MAINTENANCE at Tema.

Serviceable parts

PHASE will be salvaged

for future use

I,: [ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~29

6.6 Contract Clauses

Contract clauses have been provided to guide the operations of contractors and consultants.They are as outlined below:

1. Noise: The Contractor shall ensure that equipment used are well maintainedand operated so as not to exceed EPA Guidelines on ambient noise levels,and to avoid working at night.

2. Dust/Air Quality: The Contractor shall ensure that work sites and sandheaps are watered down to observe the EPA Guideline for ambient quality forthe area.

3. Demolition, Relocation and Resettlement: The ECG is responsible forthe payment of compensation to affected persons. Structures that will bedamaged in any way would be properly assessed and adequatecompensation paid to the owners, while those that can be repaired will berepaired. A log of such damages/repairs and the compensation to be paid willbe kept.

4. Occupational Health and Safety: The Contractor will be responsible forthe occupational health and safety of all workers on site at all times. Workerswill be provided with personnel protection equipment such as hand gloves,boots and nose masks. All equipment and machinery shall be operated andmaintained in accordance with the original manufacturer's specifications tominimise accidents.

5. Public Health: Malaria is endemic in all parts of Ghana. The Contractorshallensure that no ponds are created that may serve as breeding site formosquitoes.

Further, adequately illuminated notices and warnings will be given at allexcavations that may be left unattended or overnight.

6. Waste Disposal: The Contractor will ensure that waste generated on siteduring the construction phase will be appropriately disposed of.

30

6.7 Budget to Meet Requirements

ITEM DESCRIPTION UNIT [QUANTITY UNIT COST TOTAL COST

(GHC) (GHC)

1 Overnight allowance for Man- 12 150,000.00 1,800,000.00

Project Environmental days

I Officer

2 , Overnight allowance for Man- 12 80,000.00 960,000.00

Driver days

3 Overtime allowance for team Man- 18 150,000 2,700,000.00

for work done in Accra days

4 Vehicle Operation & Days 30 150,000 4,500,000.00

Maintenance and fuel costs

5 Hotel Accommodation for 3 Nights 12 360,000.00 4,320,000.00

I people in Kumasi

TOTAL 14,280,000

Assu mDtions

* Construction period is 4 months

* Monitoring period is 30 days

* Days in Kumasi is 6 days

* Days in Tema is 6 days

* Days in Accra is 18 days

31

7.0 Consultations

During the Inception phase, a number of stakeholders of the DSUP interventions were

identified. During this phase of the EIA, discussions were held with some of these stakeholders

to identify/address their concems and expectations.

Interviews and consultations were also held with the general public, especially some of the

potentially affected persons. A detailed list of potentially affected members of the public is given

in the Compensation and Resettlement Plan.

Table 7 below is a list of the organisations consulted and the contact persons. The issues raised

during the discussions are also presented after the Table.

Table 7 - Stakeholders Consulted during the EIA

No Institution/Organisation Stake/Role Contact Person

A. REGULATORY/STATUTORY1 Ministry of Energy Sector Ministry Mr. Solomon2 Energy Commission Sector Regulator Francis Gbeddy

: L ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~J . Essa ndoh-Yedu3 Public Utilities Regulatory Commission Regulator (Tariffs) S. N. Adu4 Environmental Protection Agency Regulator E. A. Sampong5 KMA City Management C. A. Mensah6 AMA City Management Ms. Doris Tetteh

B. COLLABORATORS/SUPPLIERS1 Department of Urban Roads Roads L. Hesse2 Ghana Water Company Pipelines G. Quaye3 Ghana Telecom Lines/Ducts R. Teye

C. CUSTOMERS, CLIENTS, etc.1 Energy Foundation NGO Dr. Ofosu Ahenkorah2 Association of Ghana Industries Industrial customers E. Sedo3 Ghana Chamber of Mines Mining customers S. Koney4 Affected Persons Affected by project Various

32

7.1 Concerns/Comments for stakeholders

Ghana Telecom

• Provisions of the Road Reservation Management Manual will be applied.

* Provision of layout showing the proposed route to be used by the Electricity Company of

Ghana to enable GT to insert drawings of places where network exist.

* Furnishing of GT with work plan/time schedule to enable technical personnel of the latter to

be on the field with EGC staff to give guidance and assistance where necessary.

* Rapid and free flow of information and co-operation among staff of both organisations to

facilitate the smooth progress of work when it commences and to avoid the destruction of

underground cables and ducts, thereby disrupting services within project area and adjoining

towns.

Energy Commission

ECG is required to fumish the EC with a brief but detailed write up on the project to enable

the Commission to give appropriate/ relevant guidelines for successful implementation of

the project. The detail drawings should show cable routes, sites earmarked by ECG as

suitable for the positioning of transformers, capacities of new transformers etc.

Accra Metropolitan Assembly

* Provisions of the Road Reservation Management Manual will be applied.

* ECG to present to the Assembly drawings on proposed project indicating the route and

other infrastructure to be installed ie the scope of the project

. An application letter should accompany these drawings and sent through the ECG

representative on the Accra Metropolitan Planning Committee to the Town and Country

Planning Department for further action

• In places where the proposed route passes through properties or will require relocation of

affected persons or property, a detailed compensation plan will be necessary

* ECG is required to work in close collaboration with other utility agencies to ensure the

continuous availability of the services of the other service providers

33

Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly

• Service to some parts of Kumasi, particularly the Industrial Area, has been erratic and

unreliable.

* This area has the highest concentration of heavy-machinery industries, including breweries,

sawmills and other industrial concerns.

* The project would thus improve power supply and quality, especially in the industrialisedareas such as Kaasi, Atonsu and Ahinsan, and is a welcome development.

Energy Foundation

* The principal complaint from consumers has been frequent power failures and unavailability

of power supply to certain parts of the city.

* If the project would improve the quality of power supply and make it possible for supply tobe extended to new development areas then it would spell relief.

Ghana Chamber of Mines

* The main complaint from their members has been irregular and inconsistent power supply,which result in equipment damage and increased production costs.

* Mining concems have to rely on diesel- powered generators for power so often that theirfiscal projections are frequently distorted, because power from generators is moreexpensive.

* The project is thus welcome if it will ensure system reliability.

Association of Ghana Industries

Irregular power supply has been the bane of industrial concerns in Ghana, especially inAccra and Kumasi. Therefore, if the project will improve power supply and efficiency then itis good news.

34

8.0 Conclusions

Electric power supply is a major contributor to progress and development and forms a key part

of the Government of Ghana's Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy. Electricity is needed to

boost productivity and provide employment as well facilitating the provision of much needed

basic services such as education, water and health services for the people.

ECG is the main service provider in this sector and any inefficiency in its performance impacts

adversely on the overall national economic performance. The DSUP interventions are therefore

very much welcome by all the stakeholders concerned.

From the assessment carried out on the DSUP components, it can be seen that there are no

major environmental risks associated with the project implementation. The major works will be

carried out in the urban centres of Accra, Tema and Kumasi and there are no protected/

sensitive areas and/or species to be affected.

ECG has adequate resources within its structure and operational systems to deal with the

environmental and safety concerns that may arise during the construction and operational

phases.

It is therefore recommended that the DSUP should proceed and effective monitoring carried out

to ensure compliance with the various mitigation commitments.

35

Annexes

Annex 1 - Site Plans

Annex 2 - ECG Standards for Cables and Overhead Lines

Annex 3 - Route Maps

Annex 4 - Pictures

* - 36

Annex 1 - Site Plans

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Annex 2 - ECG Standards for Cables and Overhead Lines

Annex 2-1 TWO PHASE 120 sq. mm 11/33 KV POLE

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.~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~v> .WCZAY _

Annex 2-2 TRENCH FOR 33 KV 3-CORE CABLE

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Annex 3- Route Maps

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* / r . . t s~i~ ff I *>,~~~ , .

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FI.ISKETCH OF PROPOSED CIRCUIT ROUTES IN ACCRA

|FIG. 2 SIKETCH OF PROPOSED CIRCUIT ROUTE IN KUMASI|

!~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(

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Af

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FIG. 3 SKETCH OF PROPOSED CIRCUIT ROUTE IN TEMA

l

Annex 4 - Pictures

I

PICTURES FROM VARIOUS LOCATIONS FOR THE DSUP

Mallam Substation, Accra Substation 'A - Odorkor. Accra

e [-; ~~~~F RiK

| r.-i E i- t.5 ; I J~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~A13'55

Substation 'B - Korle Bu, Accra Substation 'H' - Achimota, Accra

-A 11_59

Substation 'G' - Makola, AccraSome temporary and Permanent

Structures along the RoW

Proposed Site at Ashaiman, Tema Proposed Site at Buadi - KNUST, Kumasi

I