GoPro: An Up Close Look at Protein and the Culinary Professional University of Massachusetts Chef Culinary Conference June 9, 2015 Changing Tastes | 902

GoPro: An Up Close Look at Protein and the Culinary Professional

University of Massachusetts

Chef Culinary Conference

June 9, 2015

Changing Tastes | 902 Featherstone St., Gaithersburg, MD 20878 | www.changingtastes.net

Now With More Fat

Now With More Carbs

Now With More Protein

Protein Quiz for Pros

How many grams of protein/day do YOU need to meet

your requirement?

1. 40

2. 60

3. 80

4. 120

5. 150


How many grams of protein/day do YOU typically

consume?

1. 40

2. 60

3. 80

4. 120

5. 150


Where Can I Get the Cliff Notes?

http://www.foodpolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/DG.png

Protein: Estimated Average Requirementin grams per kg of bodyweight

Age Girls/Women Boys/Men

7-12 months 1.0 1.0

1-3 years 0.87 0.87

4-8 years 0.76 0.76

9-13 years 0.76 0.76

14-18 years 0.71 0.73

>18 years 0.66 0.66

Protein: Estimated Average Requirementfor >18 year old

Weight (lbs.) EAR

100 30 g

150 45 g

200 60 g

250 75 g

.66 grams / kg of body weight

Distribution of Requirement

Distribution of Requirement

Protein Requirement

25 grams/day

54 grams/day

Protein: Estimated Average Requirementin grams per kg of bodyweight

Age Girls/Women Boys/Men

7-12 months 1.2 1.2

1-3 years 1.05 1.05

4-8 years 0.95 0.95

9-13 years 0.95 0.95

14-18 years 0.85 0.85

>18 years 0.80 0.80

Protein: Recommended Daily Allowancefor >18 year old

Weight (lbs.) EAR

100 36 g

150 55 g

200 73 g

250 91 g

.66 grams/ kg of body weight

Recommended vs. Actual Intake in US

85% from animal sources

Does not account for the cumulative amounts of protein from minor protein sources (e.g., potatoes, vegetables)

Daily estimated intake of protein by Americans

111 g/day

RDA for protein for adults >18 years

Women: 46 g/dayMen: 58 g/day

U.S. Per Capita Protein Intake

Average National Intake Conservative RDA RDA EAR0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Gram

s of P

rote

in P

er D

ay


What is Protein

• Amino Acids

• Linked together to form molecules

• There are 20 amino acids

• 9 are essential

• 11 are non-essential

Smallest Protein in Human Body:

• TRH: Thyroid releasing hormone

• 234 amino acids

• Most proteins have about 500 amino acids

• Insulin: ~50 amino acids

• Lipoprotein lipase (LPL): ~450 amino acids

• Hemoglobin: ~600 amino acids

Largest Protein in Human Body:

• Titin: Thyroid releasing hormone

• 300 nanometers (size of a bacteria)

• 34,350 amino acids

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

His

Iso

Leu Lys

Met

Ph

e

Th

r

Trp

Val

Ala

Arg

Asp

/ine

Cys

Glu

t/in

e

Gly

Pro

Ser

Tyr

gra

ms

Essential Non-Essential

Amino Acid Distribution of an Egg (per 40 grams protein)

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

His

Iso

Leu Lys

Met

Ph

e

Th

r

Trp

Val

Ala

Arg

Asp

/ine

Cys

Glu

t/in

e

Gly

Pro

Ser

Tyr

gra

ms


Amino Acid Distribution of an Egg (per 40 grams protein)

7-fold difference

10-fold difference

Limiting Amino Acids

The essential amino acid that is present in dietary protein in

the lowest amount proportional to its requirement.

Just like each letter that is part of a word must be present

when forming that word, each amino acid that is part of a

protein must be present when building that protein.

His

Iso

Leu Lys

Met

Ph

e

Th

r

Trp

Val

Ala

Arg

Asp

/ine

Cys

Glu

t/in

e

Gly

Pro

Ser

Tyr

gra

ms


0.0

1.0

2.03.0

4.0

5.0

6.07.0

8.0

9.0

Whole Egg

White Rice

Amino Acid Distribution (per 40 grams protein)

His

Iso

Leu Lys

Met

Ph

e

Th

r

Trp

Val

Ala

Arg

Asp

/ine

Cys

Glu

t/in

e

Gly

Pro

Ser

Tyr

gra

ms


0.0

1.0

2.03.0

4.0

5.0

6.07.0

8.0

9.0

Whole Egg

White Rice


Limiting amino acid

His

Iso

Leu Lys

Met

Ph

e

Th

r

Trp

Val

Ala

Arg

Asp

/ine

Cys

Glu

t/in

e

Gly

Pro

Ser

Tyr

gra

ms


Whole Egg

Pinto Beans

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

Limiting amino acid


His

Iso

Leu Lys

Met

Ph

e

Th

r

Trp

Val

Ala

Arg

Asp

/ine

Cys

Glu

t/in

e

Gly

Pro

Ser

Tyr

gra

ms


Whole Egg

Beans and Rice

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

Limiting amino acid


Which of these don’t contain protein?

All Foods Contain Protein and All Amino Acids…even Kale

Tryptophan

(g)

Threo

nine (g)

Isoleu

cine (

g)

Leucin

e (g)

Lysine (

g)

Methionine (

g)

Cystine (

g)

Phenyla

lanine (

g)

Tyro

sine (

g)

Valine (

g)

Arginine (

g)

Histidine (

g)

Alanine (

g)

Asparti

c Acid

(g)

Glutamic A

cid (g

)

Glycine (

g)

Prolin

e (g)

Serin

e (g)

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

Amino Acid Profiles of Select FoodsGround beef Chicken breast Salmon, wild Greek yogurt Peanuts Beans Tofu Kale

How Much do We Need to Eat?

5.5 ounces284 Calories

6 2/3 eggs520 Calories

11 Big Ones1,800 Calories


14 1/2 slices543 Calories

27 Cups1,725 Calories



33 ounces460 Calories

Protein Politics©

Global Footprint Health ImplicationsEnvironmental Multiplier

The American Dream

1910 1915 1920 1925 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

U.S.

Hum

an P

opul

ation

(Mill

ions

)

Chick

en A

vaila

bilit

y pe

r Cap

ita (P

ound

s)

The American Dream

1910 1915 1920 1925 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 20100

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

U.S.

Hum

an P

opul

ation

(Mill

ions

)

Chick

en A

vaila

bilit

y pe

r Cap

ita (P

ound

s)

U.S. Per Capita Protein Intake

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

AnimalsAnimals

Plants

Traditional Proteins

Liquid Milk

Grains

Plants Plants

Poultry and Meats

Dairy & Eggs (excl. liquid milk)

Fish and Seafood

Shar

e of

Gra

ms

of P

rote

in E

aten

Traditional Protein-Rich Foods


What do you like more?

US Protein Intake

Sources of Protein by %Intake

Chicken

Beef

PorkVealLamb

Turkey

Seafood and shellfish

Eggs

Dairy products

Beans, legumes, peas

Peanuts and Tree Nuts

55.7B pounds Americans eating:

• 17.1B pounds of beef incl. veal

• 13.1B pounds of pork

• 600K pounds of lamb

• 21.4B pounds of poultry

• 9.9B pounds of eggs

• 127.3B pounds of dairy (excl. milk)

• 4.4B pounds of Fish and Seafood

• 2.1B pounds of peas, beans and lentils

• 3.4B pounds of peanuts and tree nuts


52 Billion

Popular Proteins = Corn (and Soy)


Health and Environmental Impacts are AlignedRisk of all causes Mortality for Exchange

of one serving per day serving

Changing Tastes and An Pan, PhD, Qi Sun, MD, ScD, Adam M. Bernstein, MD, ScD, Matthias B. Schulze, DrPH, JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPH, Meir J. Stampfer, MD, DrPH, Walter C. Willett, MD, DrPH, and Frank B. Hu, MD, PhD, Red Meat Consumption and Mortality: Results from Two Prospective Cohort Studies, JAMA Internal Medicine, 2012.,

Red meat

Poultry

Fish

Low Fat Dairy

Legumes

Whole Grain

Nuts

-1.00 -0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50

KG of CO2e per 3 ounce Serving

050%100% 1.51.00.5




Red meat

Poultry

Fish

Low Fat Dairy

Legumes

Whole Grain

Nuts

-1.00 -0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50


050%100% 1.51.00.5




Red meat

Poultry

Fish

Low Fat Dairy

Legumes

Whole Grain

Nuts

-1.00 -0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50


050%100% 1.51.00.5

Cows Coming Home to Roost

Beef and Corn Prices, 1990-2014

January-90

November-9

0

September-9

1

July-92

May-9

3

March

-94

January-95

November-9

5

September-9

6

July-97

May-9

8

March

-99

January-00

November-0

0

September-0

1

July-02

May-0

3

March

-04

January-05

November-0

5

September-0

6

July-07

May-0

8

March

-09

January-10

November-1

0

September-1

1

July-12

May-1

3

March

-141.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

Corn Price ($/bu) Beef Wholesale Price ($/lb)

Regime 1‘90-’98

Regime 2‘99-’06

Regime 3‘07-’09

Regime 4‘10-’13

Regime 5‘13-’14

12 Months

0-30 days

National Protein Intake & Impact


Chicken

Beef

PorkVealLamb

Turkey

Seafood and shellfish

Eggs

Dairy products

Beans, legumes, peas

Peanuts and Tree Nuts

1.064B kg of CO2 equiv.

8.12B Gallons of Water


52 Billion

Right-Sizing Protein. If We eat the RDA and get 25% of our protein from plants…


540M kg of CO2 equiv.

2.83T Gallons of Water

27% of US 2030 Carbon Reduction Goals

65% of all water used in California

We Avoid

U.K. All buildings in the US

>25% of Electricity


Disruptive Menu Innovation

Meat as a condiment, leveraging small amounts for flavor

Inspirations for approaches and other proteins drawn from cultures & flavors around the world

Culinary approaches that shift proportions of meat and other ingredients

From Meat at the Center of the Plate to…


Triple Bottom Line Strategies

Conservative RDA

RDA 25% Plants


Triple Bottom Line Strategies

Conservative RDA

RDA 25% Plants


www.changingtastes.net

[email protected]

GoPro on Protein with


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Documents

GoPro: An Up Close Look at Protein and the Culinary Professional University of Massachusetts Chef Culinary Conference June 9, 2015 Changing Tastes | 902