1

GNSS Programme

Overview and Status in Europe

Inaugural Forum Satellite Positioning Research and Application

Center

23 April 2007 ­ Tokyo

Presented by Thomas Naecke (European Commission)

Prepared by Daniel Ludwig (Programme Advisor)

from the European GNSS Supervisory Authority (GSA)

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Contents

European Approach for GNSS

Galileo & EGNOS Programme Status

International Cooperation

Conclusion

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The European Approach

Step 2: GALILEO is to achieve European sovereignty and service guarantees through a dedicated system under civil control.

EGNOS is an initiative of the European Commission, Eurocontrol and ESA

Step 1: EGNOS to provide civil complement to the military GPS (and GLONASS), into operations in 2005

GALILEO is an initiative of the European Commission and ESA

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The European Approach

Step 2: GALILEO is to achieve European sovereignty and service guarantees through a dedicated system under civil control.

EGNOS is an initiative of the European Commission, Eurocontrol and ESA

Step 1: EGNOS to provide civil complement to the military GPS (and GLONASS), into operations in 2005

GALILEO is an initiative of the European Commission and ESA

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Future EGNOS

GALILEO SBAS EGNOS

position

European approach for GNSS

Now

GPS GLONASS

Added­value Services providers

International cooperation

position trusted

Trustable? Safe? Liable?

Civil control Military control

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Interoperability with GPS

ü Users will be able to use the same receiver to receive both GPS and GALILEO signals

ü The availability of two or more constellations, more than doubling the total number of available satellites, will enhance the quality of the services, increasing the number of potential users and applications

• Improved accuracy (better geometry,…)

• Optimum integrity (Galileo integrity, redundancy,…)

• Increased availability (urban canyons, buildings,…):

• GPS in cities: 50 % availability

• Galileo + GPS in cities: 95 % availability

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EU­US agreement

ü Adoption of a common signal for Galileo L1 and GPS III L1 open signals: BOC(1,1)

ü Adoption of interoperable timing and geodesy standards to facilitate the joint use of Galileo & GPS

ü Broadcast of GPS/Galileo time offset

ü Equivalent protection of Galileo PRS & GPS M Code

ü Non­discrimination in trade in satellite navigation goods and services

ü Non­restrictions of access to open service end­ users

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Interoperability with GLONASS

Interoperability is under discussion with Russia

ü Frequency sharing between Galileo E5B and GLONASS­L3 gives prospect for interoperability of the two systems

ü Joint broadcasting of GLONASS­K/Galileo time offset is seriously envisaged

ü Joint measurement campaign to determine GLONASS/Galileo geodesy transformation parameters

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Contents

European Approach for GNSS

Galileo & EGNOS Programme Status

International Cooperation

Conclusion

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European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System

(EGNOS)

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GPS GPS + EGNOS

GPS + EGNOS + GALILEO

Note: single frequency user, error in meters.

Global Horizontal Accuracy Improvement

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EGNOS Coverage

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Galileo Services and Performances

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Galileo System Architecture

3. LOCAL COMPONENTS

2. REGIONAL COMPONENTS

1. CONSTELLATION

Navigation signal

Integrity data: 1 sec Orbits, clock data: 2–10 h TT&C:once per orbit (14h)

Reference Stations

1. CONTROL SEGMENT

Control Centres

1. CONTROL SEGMENT

Control Data

Up­Link Stations

Orbits, Clocks Integrity, …

TT&C Mission Uplink station

1. CONTROL SEGMENT

4. USER RECEIVERS

1. Constellation + Control Segment = Global Component

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EU Transport Council Decision­ December 2004

Galileo Services

Open Access

Commercial

Safety of Life

Search and Rescue

Free to air; Mass market; Simple positioning

High accuracy; Encrypted; Guaranteed service

Open Service + Integrity and Authentication of signal

Encrypted; Integrity; High continuity;

Improved Robustness

Near real­time; Precise; Return link feasible

Public Regulated

Navigation

SAR

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Galileo Performances

Galileo Service Horizontal Accuracy (95%)

Vertical Accuracy (95%)

Availability Integrity

OS (Single Frequency) 15 m 35 m > 99.8% NO

OS (Dual Frequency) 4 m 8 m > 99.8% NO

SoL (Single Frequency) 15 m 35 m > 99.8% YES

SoL (Dual Frequency) 4 m 8 m > 99.8% YES

CS (Single Frequency) 15 m (TBC) 35 m (TBC) TBD TBD

CS (Dual Frequency) 4 m (TBC) 8 m (TBC) TBD TBD

PRS 6.5 m 12 m > 99.5 % YES

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Galileo Implementation

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2003 2005 2009 2011­2012

Galileo Implementation Logic

STEP1 STEP2 STEP3 STEP4

Definition Phase – Completed in 2003

ESA

GNSS European Programmes managed by the GSA

Concessionaire Under responsibility of:

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GIOVE­A

GIOVE­A is Europe’s first satellite placed in a medium­Earth orbit

Launched on 28 December 2005

The GIOVE­A satellite:

ü Transmits the Galileo signals

ü Tests critical technologies (e.g. rubidium atomic clock, signal generator)

ü Measures environment for future constellation

Constructed by SSTL, UK Lift­off mass: 600 kg Power demand: 700 W Stowed Dimensions: 1.3 m x 1.8 m x 1.6 m

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GIOVE­A2

GIOVE­A2 ordered in March 2007

The GIOVE­A2 satellite will:

ü Secure the presence of a spacecraft in orbit

ü Continue the successful experiments initiated with GIOVE A

ü Reinforce the monitoring of the space environment

ü Generate additional signals to provide early in­orbit experimentation with the EU/US L1 OS common baseline

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GIOVE­B

The GIOVE­B satellite will:

ü Transmit the Galileo signals

ü Test critical technologies: passive hydrogen maser clock, rubidium atomic, signal generator

ü Measure environment for future constellation

GIOVE­B is expected to be launched by November 2007

Constructed by Galileo Industries Lift­off mass: 485 kg Power demand: 940 W Stowed Dimensions: 1 m x 1 m x 2.4 m

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In­Orbit Validation (IOV)

Constellation of four satellites expected to be deployed by 2009

Complemented with a global ground segment of reference and up­link stations to communicate with the satellites:

ü 20 sensor stations

ü 5 uplink stations

ü 2 TT&C stations

ü 1 control centre

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Full Operational Capability (FOC)

Constellation of 30 satellites

in 3 MEO planes

56° inclination

23222 km altitude

10 satellites per plane

• 9 satellites per plane active • 1 spare satellite per plane 17 orbits in 10 days

2 Control Centres (Europe)

30­40 reference stations (worldwide)

10 mission up­link stations (worldwide)

5 TT&C stations (worldwide)

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Galileo Funding and Institutional Context

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Institutional Context

European Commission

ESA

Galileo Operating Company (Concessionaire)

European GNSS Supervisory Authority

Third Parties Member States

GALILEO Joint Undertaking

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GSA Missions

ü Manage the European satellite navigation programmes, control the use of funds, and manage the related R&D activities

ü Be the licensing authority vis­à­vis the concession holder responsible for implementing and managing the Galileo deployment and operation phases

ü Be responsible for matters related to the right to use the frequencies necessary for the operation of the systems, the certification of their components, and their safety and security

ü Own the assets created or developed under the Galileo and EGNOS programmes

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Public Sector

ü Funding of development phase

ü Public/Social benefits

Private sector

ü Commercial orientation

ü Efficient management

ü Financing

A Public Private Partnership

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Overall Scheme

Development and Validation Deployment Operations and Maintenance

1.6 Billion €

Public

220 Million € per year

Private

2 Test Satellite & 4 Operational Satellites

Ground Infrastructure

2.2 Billion €

1/3 Public, 2/3 Private

26 Satellites

Ground Infrastructure

Joint Undertaking GNSS Supervisory Authority (GSA) / Concessionaire (GOC) EC/ESA

Routine Operations and Replenishment

48 months 24 months 20 years

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Concession Status

ü Agreement reached, at high principle level, on:

• Financial structure of the deal

• Market risk

• Performance risk

• Completion risk

• Cost overrun risk (FFP contract)

• Overall risk management architecture

ü To be agreed:

• Design risk

• Overall cost envelope

• Third Party Liability regime

• EGNOS

ü Need to be synchronized with the IOV program timeline

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Contents

European Approach for GNSS

Galileo & EGNOS Programme Status

International Cooperation

Conclusion

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Galileo International Cooperation

Perspectives:

ü New worldwide infrastructure

ü Local & regional components

ü Research & technology

ü Industrial cooperation and market development

ü Trade and worldwide markets

ü Global Standards and certification

ü Co­operation with international organisations

Galileo Centres:

ü China

ü Egypt (Mediterranean Region)

ü Latin America

Agreement EU­MS and..

Signed / Initialed

In Progress

Exploratory Talks

U.S.A. P

China P

Israel P

India P

Morocco P

Ukraine P

Russia P

Argentina P

South Korea P

Canada P

Brazil P

UAE, Malaysia, Australia, Japan,South Africa, Chile, Mexico…

P

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Cooperation with QZSS

ü 5 Galileo/QZSS Coordination meetings organized so far

• Last meeting in Dec. 2006 • Program status updates • Technical analyses for compatibility assessment

ü New technical Working Group created on TT&C (Telecommand, Telemetry and Control) coordination

• Subgroup of the Galileo/QZSS Coordination group • 1st meeting hold in March 2007

ü EC/ASBC Meeting in Feb. 2007

• SPAC introduced as the new managing authority for QZSS

• Potential cooperation between the Japanese private sector and the players of the Galileo Project has been discussed (e.g. QZSS could broadcast corrections for Galileo users)

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Contents

European Approach for GNSS

Galileo & EGNOS Programme Status

International Cooperation

Conclusion

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Conclusions

ü Galileo is representative of the Political ambition of Europe

• Independence and sovereignty • 27 EU Member States supporting the Programme • Safety and Security • Economic & Social perspectives

ü Not only a unique reference for the construction and cohesion of Europe, Galileo is a leverage for international cooperation.

• International cooperation is one of the major objectives of European Commission 7 th Framework Programme (2007­2013)

ü Technical coordination with QZSS is ongoing. Discussions on potential ways of cooperation between the Japanese private sector and the players of the Galileo Project has been initiated