Globe/Angle Cage Guided Valves - KOSOkoso.co.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/KKI-CAGE_GUIDED.pdf · Series 12/72 valve ideally suited to high pressure drop compressible fluids as it

Globe/Angle Cage Guided ValvesSeries 12 & 72

Technical Bulletin T12/72 - 1205

Welcome to Koso Kent Introl Limited

The Koso Group of CompaniesThe Koso group of companies specialise in the Controls and Process Automation Systems market. The keyproducts and services that we provide are; Control Valves, High Technology Surface Choke Valves, Actuators,Instrumentation, Factory Automation Systems, Chemical Pumps and Production Services.

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10 12

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1 Koso International Inc.

Pacific Seismic Products Inc.

2 Koso America Inc. Houston Office.

3 Koso America Inc.

4 Koso Kent Introl Ltd.

5 Koso Fluid Controls PVT Ltd.

Kent Introl PVT Ltd.

6 Koso Controls Asia Pte. Ltd.

Koso Kent Introl Ltd. Singapore Office.

7 Nihon Koso Co. Ltd Beijing Office.

8 Koso Control Engineering (Wuxi) Co. Ltd.

Koso Control Engineering Co. Ltd.

Wuxi Koso Valve Castings Co. Ltd.

9 Ar-Koso Automatic ControlInstrument Co. Ltd.

10 Korea Koso Co. Ltd.

Korea Koso Engineering Co. Ltd.

11 Hangzhou Hangyang Koso Pump &Valve Co. Ltd.

12 Nihon Koso Co. Ltd.

Recently acquired by Nihon Koso Co. Ltd. of Japan, Koso Kent Introl Ltd is based in Brighouse WestYorkshire. Originally formed in 1967 under the name of Introl Ltd, it has seen various changes over the years.Each change has seen the company become much stronger and well positioned to meet the demands of aforever changing market place.

Koso Kent Introl specialises in the supply of StandardService Control Valves, Severe Service Control Valvesand High Technology Surface Choke Valves. We havegained a reputation for supplying specially designed highquality valves for the most onerous service conditions.

With operating facilities worldwide, Nihon Koso’sgoal is “to achieve the possibilities of the futureas we exceed the expectations of today”.

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Standard Valve

One Size Expansion

Two Size Expansion


abcdefabcdef 2

Cage Guided ValvesKKI’s core product is the Series 12/72 range of cage guided control valves. The designs have beenestablished in the Oil & Gas, Power, Petro-chemical markets for in excess of 20 years. The design wasintroduced to compliment & enhance the existing product range and combines the successful high integrityfeatures of the Series 10 valve together with a high capacity economic design philosophy.

The Series 12/72 bodies have been designed to enable increased end connection sizes (see below) to beeasily incorporated making pipeline installation easier. There should be a cost benefit to the end user, as thiscuts down on the requirement for pipe reducers, additional gaskets and bolting. This added facility makes theSeries 12/72 valve ideally suited to high pressure drop compressible fluids as it enables the flow velocity tobe controlled through the valve by the incorporation of an increased outlet size and pressure drop elementsin the outlet end.

The Series 12/72 range of valves combines high integrity features, such as ASME VIII body/bonnet bolting design,a high flow capacity and a wide range of trim designs. This means it is ideally suited to meet the various criticalservice process control requirements that are demanded from a wide range of industry related applications.

Performance:• Noise, cavitation control and erosion resistant trims• Streamlined flow passages to optimise capacity• Stable flow control with high rangeability

Design Flexibility:• Modular construction design available with a range of different end connections and styles• Large variation of trim designs from single stage multi-hole cage to multiple stage low noise/anticavitation trim designs• Wide range of supplementary noise control components, silencers, dynamic attenuators• Inherently characterised trim offered in Equal Percentage, modified Eq%, Linear, and Quick Open• Balanced or unbalanced plug designs• All trim components removable from the top for ease of maintenance• Clamped in guide for ease of service• Large range of CVs per body size allowing for large changes in process conditions

Design Integrity:• High integrity body/bonnet bolting system design to ASME VIII• Clamped cage for positive guiding on severe service applications• High integrity plug guiding system• Low emission packings

Quality Assured Manufacturing:• Rigorously tested to ensure specified performance• Quality assurance systems in accordance with ISO 9001• Optional full NACE MR-01-75/ISO 15156 certification

CONTENTS PAGE

• Trim Options 4

• Liquid Service Trim Selection 5

• Gas Service Trim Selection 8

• Design Cv Tables 9

• Selection Guidelines 12

• Dimensions 15

Scope of DesignValve Body/End Connection Sizes• 1” to 36” (25mm to 900mm) nominal bore

Valve Body Ratings• ANSI 150 to ANSI 4500 (PN10 to PN640)• API Ratings can also be supplied

Design Standards• ASME B16.34• ASME FCI 70-2 Control Valve Seat Leakage• ASME B16.25 - Butt Weld End Valves• ASME B16.5 - Pipe Flanges & Flange Fittings• NACE MR-01-75/ ISO 15156• Designs fully PED certified

Trim DesignsThere are a large range of trim designs to cover thewide range of applications encountered in the servedindustries. The standard design is a lownoise/anti-cavitation trim referred to as an HF (HighFriction). This is complimented by several multi-stagedesigns with up to 9 stages (20 turns) of let down.These are described in detail within this bulletin.

Plug Designs• Metal seated• Soft seated• Pilot balanced

Body MaterialsThe Series 12 range can be supplied in the majority of castable alloys as required by the service. All materialsused are fully PED certified. Standard materials include:• Carbon steel -WCB/LCB/LCC• Stainless steel - CF8M, CF3M etc.• Chrome moly - WC6, WC9• Duplex St.St - A995 Gr 4A/5A/6A, A351-CK- 3MCUN etc.• High Alloys - Monel, Hastelloy B/C, Alloy 625, Alloy 825• Aluminium bronze• Titanium

Offset globes/Angle Valves are also available in forged and HIPed Materials.

Trim MaterialsAll materials compatible with the above body materials. Standard trim material combinations are given later inthis document. Stellite overlays and tungsten carbide inserts will be specified for high pressure drop and low /high temperature applications and or where there is significant levels of contamination.

Bonnet Options• Standard/Normalising/Cryogenic

ActuationThe standard actuation offered is a spring return diaphragm actuator. For more arduous duties where highoperating forces are encountered, piston spring return and double acting would be specified. In addition to this,most other third party actuators can be fitted, i.e. Electric, electro-hydraulic,etc.• ‘G’ Series spring opposed pneumatic diaphragm• ‘C’ Series spring opposed pneumatic piston• ‘D’ Series double acting piston• Most third party actuators


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Trim OptionsGeneral DescriptionThe general features of the standard HF trim are presented in Figure 1 below. The cage is clamped in with itsflange between the body and bonnet. To ensure concentricity and support, the bottom of the cage locates ona spigot on the screwed in seat. The lower part of the cage is drilled with a number of radial holes, over thelength of the plug travel. In Figure 1, the plug is shown in its mid position. The flow is controlled by the plugmoving up or down within the cage covering and uncovering holes to vary the flow area and consequentlythe flow rate. The plug is designed to be guided within the cage, therefore clearances between the cage andplug are critical. In order to ensure there is no galling (pick up) between the plug and cage the cage is eitherhard chrome plated or the plug and/or cage are stellited. Stellite running on stellite has excellent gallingresistance. Most materials are NACE compliant. On high temperature applications, hardened materials 420st.st. & 17/4 PH st.st. are utilised. Again these materials have excellent galling resistance.

On high duty applications the plug/cage clearance will be designed around the specified design temperature,and a guide/damping strip may be included to give enhanced stability.

One of the common features of the various trims utilised in a Series 12/72 valve is the use of a balanced plug design.This significantly reduces the resultant unbalanced forces acting on the valve plug. This is achieved by allowing thesame process pressure (either the inlet pressure when the flow is “under” the plug or the outlet pressure when theflow is “over” the plug) to act equally above and below the plug. The holes shown on the top of the plug passthrough into the lower section of the plug, enabling the pressure above and below the plug to equalise. The net effectis that unbalanced force in the open position is equal to only the stem area multiplied by the pressure.

In order to ensure that this is not a leak path when the valve is in the closed position the plug is fitted with aplug seal, preventing axial flow between the plug and cage.

HF/XHF - High FrictionFirst introduced in 1969 the HF, High Friction trim is suitable for the majority of process control applications.It is a low pressure recovery design which gives both advantageous cavitation reduction and noise reductionwhen compared with standard profiled trim designs. The flow can be directed either “under” the plug (the flowpasses through the seat into the inside the cage and then through the radial holes to outside the cage), or“over” the plug (the flow passes from the outside of the cage, through the radial holes, to the inside of the cageand then down through the seat into the valve outlet).

Figure 1. HF Trim Design

For liquid flows “over” the plug is preferred, in thiscase the flow is split into many radial jets and as theflow passes through the cage the jets impinge uponthemselves within the confines of the cage. This iswhere most of the flow energy is dissipated, and theerosional forces will be at their highest. The flow thenexits the trim through the valve seat. This means thevalve body is protected from the effects of flowerosion. A trim manufactured from harder materials ismore capable of handling these erosional forces. Onthe more severe applications, high pressure drop,contaminated fluids etc., the trims operational life canbe maintained by using overlays such as stellite ortungsten carbide inserts.

On gas/vapour services, the preferred flow direction is“under” the plug. The main reason for this is that it hasbeen shown that the acoustic efficiency is lower forthis flow direction. This reduction is attributed to thesmaller scale turbulence structure and higher

frequency of the flow turbulence resulting in a greater level of attenuation from the downstream pipework,which results in a lower transmitted noise on HF designs. The HF family of trims achieve noise reduction ofbetween 15 to 20dBA over a conventional contoured/ported trim. In cases where further noise reduction isrequired, smaller holes can be utilised in the cage. This design is referred to as the XHF. This can result infurther attenuation of up to 5 dBA.


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Liquid Service Trim SelectionFor Flashing Service/Contaminated serviceOver 20 years of supplying valves into the oil and gas retrieval industry has resulted in KKI gaining a great depthof knowledge in providing solutions for arduous service applications. There is no hard/fast rule in identifying asevere service application. However, we may assume the following as potentially severe liquid services.• Pressure drop > 50 bar (700 psi)• Flashing services PV - P2 > 30 bar (435 psi)• Multi-phase P1 - P2 > 30 bar• Contaminated Service

KKI have supplied many valves on these types of application and have from experience identified that onflashing, multi-phase and contaminated services there can be a detrimental performance if multi-stage trimdesigns are miss-specified. The photographs below give evidence of the erosion damage that can occur insupplying multistage trim designs on flashing and/or contaminated services.

Figure 2. Multi-stage trim - erosion damage

The reason for the accelerated wear in these cases is attributed to high inter-stage flow velocities. This willoccur on flashing service or multi-phase flows as soon as the pressure is reduced below the fluid vapourpressure or when entrained gas is released. This results in a significant increase in the specific volume of thefluid leading to much higher flow velocities and greater erosional forces. In recognising this problem KKI havebeen able to solve many erosion problems by changing out labyrinth type/multi-stage trims to a single stage ofpressure let down incorporating tungsten carbide inserts. The success of this approach resulted in the launchof the Choke Valve product range during the 1980’s, a product that has gained an excellent reputation.

Figure 3. Selection of trim on Contaminated Services

The above figure gives an indication of the trim material overlay/insert requirements based on the operatingpressure drop and the level of contamination. Other factors that will influence the correct material selection areflashing or the level of entrained gas that will come out of solution as the process pressure reduces.

Pre

ssure

Dro

p (bar

)

100

10

1

0 .0001 .001 .01 .1 1 10(% Contamination by weight)

base material

base material + stellite face

base material + full stellite

tungsten carbide or ceramic


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Figure 4. Trim Incorporating Tungsten carbide

Tungsten Carbide Trim DesignThe above figure illustrates a carbide trim design. This design has developed over many years with essentialdesign criteria, interferences etc, critical to the correct operation of the valve. There are also various grades oftungsten carbide which are selected around the specific design and depend on the process fluid being controlled.

The carbide cage being retained within a metallic cartridge is protected from impact from large debris and isreferred to as a “brick stopper”. The figure above illustrates a standard control valve seat design. KKI have apatented seating design, used as standard in the Choke valve design, for contaminated services. This design isknown as an LCV trim, the name taken from the application it was first used on. The LCV design keeps thethrottling components away from the high velocity erosive zones by directing the flow to specific sacrificialenergy dissipating elements. The trim can be provided with or without a sacrificial plug nose.

Seat Exit DiffuserIt is recommended practice to specify angle valve design on high-pressure drop flashing/contaminated services.However, if the installation requires a globe design then KKI recommended to use a seat exit diffuser. Thediffuser is used to prevent the high velocity fluid exiting the trim from impinging directly onto the body wall. Thediffuser handles the initial impact of the process fluid and then breaks the fluid flow into small jets directedtowards the valve outlet. The diffuser is normally manufactured from hardened materials or stellite overlayedstainless steel to reduce the rate of erosion. For the most severe applications, the seat diffuser wouldincorporate a solid tungsten carbide base.


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Multi Stage Guides, HFD, HFT, HFLThe multi stage guides, HFD (High Friction Double), HFT (High Friction Triple) are a design enhancement on thestandard HF trim. They are used in applications where noise or cavitation would otherwise be a problem. If notproperly controlled high pressure drop liquid applications can severely damage the valve. The photograph belowshows a cage that has suffered from severe cavitation damage. It should be noted that this mechanism can occur onrelatively low pressure drops with the more conventional trims, for example contoured or ported trim designs.

Figure 5. Cavitation Damage

In order to avoid the destructive effects of cavitation itis necessary to apportion the pressure drop across anumber of stages of let down. There are 2 differentfamilies of trims that can be applied to this problemas well as the Series 50/57 specialist anti-cavitationtrim design. The HFD (2 stages) and HFT (3 stages)apportion the pressure drop equally across either 2or 3 stages of let down. The stages are in the form ofconcentric sleeves, drilled with radial holes within anumber of grooves that form distinct flow galleries.These will be specified on the less severeapplications.

The HFL design, as illustrated in Figure 6, alsoincorporates a number of concentric sleeves (2 ormore); each sleeve has a multitude of groovesincorporating radial holes. The grooves in each sleeveline up to create a torturous radial flow path (seeillustration Figure 8). The trim uses the principle ofcontrolled velocity. The holes within the sleeves are

completely misaligned to produce a tortuous path through the trim. Energy is dissipated within the cage by thecombined effect of flow splitting, flow impingement, and turning of the flow as it passes through the sleeves. Thereis a large increase in flow area between the stages of let down resulting in a reduction in pressure drop as theflow passes from one stage to the next. This significantly reduces the likelihood of cavitation, because the finalstage of let down has a relatively small pressure drop, and together with the low recovery characteristicminimises the potential for cavitation. Figure 7 presents the difference between a single stage high recoverytrim, and a 3 stage trim with reducing stage pressure drop, e.g. the HFL3 design.

Figure 6. HFL-3 Trim Design Figure 7. Stage Pressure Drop

P1

PV

P2

P1VC

High recovery

HFL-3 stage pressuredrop low recovery trim

Stage 1

Stage 2

ValveInlet

ValveOutlet

TrimInlet

Stage 3

CAVITATING FLOW

VENNA CONTRACTA

Flow Path


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Flow Path


8

Gas Service Trim Selection

Figure 8. Flow Path through a Low Noise Trim

The major factors to be considered in the selection of a valve trim on a gas/vapour service are aerodynamicnoise generation, vibration, and high fluid velocities. Each of these are is interrelated in that high velocities canlead to vibration and resultant noise, but will also generate aerodynamic noise. It is therefore necessary tocontrol the fluid velocity through the stages of let down in the trim and also in the valve outlet and downstreampipework. Poor installation of pipe-work, such as bends immediately before and/or after the valve can also be amajor factor in the valve functioning correctly.

KKI undertook an extensive research program during the 1980’s into Aerodynamic noise generationwithin control valves. This resulted in the successful introduction of low noise trim designs referred to as HFQ1and HFQ2. These complemented the already proven HFD and HFT trim designs that had been previously usedfor low noise applications. The trims work in a similar principle to the liquid service designs in that they splitthe flow up into a large number of radial jets, see Figure 8. The preferred flow direction is “under” the plug, thisenables the optimum flow area increase as the flow passes through each stage of the trim. The result is avery low trim exit velocity and very high levels of noise attenuation. The flow geometry means the process fluidenters the cage radially and passes through the subsequent sleeves in a tortuous path resulting in high frictionaland impingement losses. Shock wave formation is controlled by jet impingement to the sleeves, which hasbeen shown to have a major (advantageous) bearing on the noise generation process.

SilencersIn solving the aerodynamic noise generation problem it must also be recognised that there is a need to controldownstream velocities, otherwise high pipeline velocities can produce secondary noise which could besignificantly higher than that produced by the valve trim. It is generally accepted that to achieve a low noisesolution, the downstream velocity should be restricted to less than 0.3 times the fluid sonic velocity. Thiscoincides with the velocity at which compressibility effects start to become noticeable. In order to address thisproblem KKI utilise downstream silencers, these are in the form of a taper pipe fitted with a number of baffleplates (circular plates with a number of drilled holes). These are used to produce a back-pressure to the valveand are selected so that the velocity from the trim exit to the valve outlet is less than 0.3 times Sonic velocity(0.3 Mach). In selecting these devices it is necessary to ensure that the trim and silencer system operateeffectively over the full range of operating conditions. This approach has effectively been used by KKI for inexcess of 30 years. A large number of these units are installed in the Oil and Gas and Power sectors.

Variable Stage GuideThe variable stage guide is used on applications where multiple stages of pressure let down are required, but ahigh trim capacity is desirable. The trim is therefore constructed with multiple stages of pressure let down atlower travels, but typically is a single stage trim at higher travels. This design is suitable for controlling highpressure drops at low flow rates and a reduced pressure drop at normal or maximum flow rate. The number ofstages of pressure let down and the actual transition between the multiple and single guides is dependent onthe process conditions, so each variable stage guide tends to be designed specifically for the application.

1 14 13 13 9 9

11/2 33 30 30 20 20

2 55 50 50 39 39

3 125 120 120 75 75

4 220 180 200 145 155

6 490 400 425 270 290

8 800 650 720 510 550

10 1250 1020 1120 810 900

12 1810 1460 1610 1220 1350

14 2280 1940 2110 1690 1850

16 3000 2550 2780 2230 2430

18 3750 3180 3520 2850 3130

20 4650 3940 4360 3540 3920

24 6800 5750 6260 4760 5220

ins. Q.O =% Lin. =% Lin.

TrimSizeRef

Ported HF XHF

1 15 13 13 9 9

11/2 33 30 30 20 20

2 59 50 50 40 40

3 135 125 125 75 75

4 245 190 220 150 160

6 555 445 480 280 305

8 995 740 850 550 600

10 1560 1165 1320 880 995

12 2240 1665 1900 1330 1505

14 2905 2280 2570 1900 2135

16 3825 2985 3375 2500 2800

18 4805 3730 4310 3225 3650

20 5955 4605 5320 4000 4575

24 8700 6710 7565 5265 5905

1-12 25-300 60 18 70 21 35 11 65 20 75 23 40 12

14-24 350-600 50 15 60 18 30 9 55 17 65 20 35 11

>25 >600 35 11 50 15 21 6.5 42 12.5 55 17 26 8

ins. Q.O =% Lin. =% Lin.

TrimSizeRef

Ported HF XHF

1 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6

1.1/2 18 18 18 18

2 38 38 38 38

3 100 100 100 100

4 174 185 163 174

6 393 421 370 393

8 630 693 595 635

10 1006 1097 944 1006

12 1462 1593 1372 1462

in =% Lin. =% Lin.

TrimSizeRef

Steel Trim T. Carbide Trim

in mm ft/s m/s ft/s m/s ft/s m/s ft/s m/s ft/s m/s ft/s m/s

Valve Size WCB, St.St Duplex, 21/4 Cr Mo Ali-Bronze WCB, St.St Duplex, 21/4 Cr Mo Ali-Bronze

Figure 10. Series 72 Single Stage Cv ValuesFlow under or over

Figure 11. Liquid Flow Velocity Limits - Body and End Connections

Figure 12. Series 12/72 HF-LCV Design Cv ValuesFlow over

Tungsten carbide Cvs are reduced in order to ensure theintegrity of the guide is not compromised by incorporatingtoo much flow area.

The HF-LCV incorporates a special patented seating designwhich protects the seat face and flow control surfaces. It isusually specified on high-pressure drop contaminated services.

Note: This applies to uncontaminated fluids.

SERIES 12 SERIES 72


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Single Stage Trim Design HF, XHF, LCV & PortedFigure 9. Series 12 Single Stage Cv Values

Flow under or over

Figure 14. Series 72 Multi Stage Cv Values for Liquid Applications - Flow Over

Figure 16. Series 12&72 HFL Design Cv Values- Flow Under High Performance Anti-Cavitation Trim

Figure 15. Series 12&72 Variable Stage Cv values forLiquid Applications - Flow Over

1 10 10 7 7 8 8 6 6

11/2 24 24 15 15 20 20 12 12

2 38 38 30 30 32 32 25 25

3 95 95 55 55 80 80 45 45

4 140 155 110 115 115 130 90 95

6 320 340 200 215 265 290 165 180

8 520 580 380 420 430 490 320 350

10 820 920 620 700 680 780 510 580

12 1200 1400 960 1095 1020 1190 800 915

14 1620 1820 1340 1510 1360 1540 1120 1270

16 2160 2460 1800 2020 1820 2090 1500 1690

18 2690 2310 2310 2630 2275 2670 1930 2210

20 3180 3640 2780 3160 2660 3070 2310 2640

ins. =% Lin. =% Lin. =% Lin. =% Lin.

TrimSizeRef

HFD XHFD HFT XHFT

1 10 16 6 9 6 9 5 8

11/2 20 30 12 16 10 15 8 13

2 40 65 24 32 16 30 14 21

3 62 94 35 53 41 62 34 51

4 125 190 66 102 58 89 49 74

6 194 295 100 150 94 142 78 120

8 316 480 170 255 177 270 150 220

10 470 710 240 370 236 350 200 300

12 605 920 350 530 302 450 252 380

14 910 1380 480 725 409 620 340 520

16 1250 1900 600 920 506 770 420 640

18 1420 2150 745 1130 696 1050 580 1080

20 2110 3200 1270 1930 971 1470 810 1200


TrimSizeRef

HFL2 HFL3 HFL4 HFL5

1 15.5 15 15 14

11/2 34 32 33 30

2 63 60 62 55

3 140 135 135 130

4 255 245 250 240

6 530 510 525 500

8 870 850 860 840

10 1310 1270 1300 1250

12 1750 1700 1740 1680

14 2330 2280 2320 2240

16 2960 2900 2950 2850

18 3710 3630 3700 3570

20 5070 4950 5050 4870

25%VHFD 50%VHFD 25%VHFD 50%VHFDMod EQ % Mod EQ % Mod EQ % Mod EQ %

TrimSizeRef

Note: Multi stage trim designs can only be fitted in bodies onesize up from the trim.

Note: The HFL-2 and HFL-3 trims can be fitted in a minimumbody size, one size larger than the trim size, i.e. the minimumbody size for a 4” trim is 6” (150mm).

The HFL-4 and HFL-5 trims can be fitted in a minimum bodysize two sizes larger than the trim size, i.e. the minimum bodysize for a 4” trim is 8” (200mm).



10

1 10 10 7 7 8 8 6 6

11/2 24 24 15 15 20 20 12 12

2 38 38 30 30 32 32 25 25

3 95 95 55 55 80 80 45 45

4 140 155 110 115 115 130 90 95

6 320 330 205 215 270 280 170 180

8 520 560 395 415 440 480 330 345

10 820 890 630 690 695 760 525 570

12 1190 1260 960 1030 1005 1080 800 870

14 1580 1710 1340 1450 1340 1480 1125 1230

16 2090 2270 1780 1910 1780 1960 1500 1630

18 2610 2880 2260 2480 2215 2490 1900 2110

20 3170 3450 2800 3030 2670 2950 2340 2560


TrimSizeRef

HFD XHFD HFT XHFT

Figure 13. Series 12 Multi Stage Cv Values forLiquid Application - Flow Over

Note: Multi stage trim designs can only be fitted in bodies one sizeup from the trim. ie. 2” Trim size Ref. fits into 3”(80mm) body.

Multi-Stage Trim Designs for Liquid Applications

Figure 17. Series 12&72 Multi Stage Cv Values forGas Vapour Applications - Flow Under

Figure 20. Series 72 Multi Stage Cv Values forGas Vapour Applications - Flow Over



1 11 11 8 8 10 10 7 7

11/2 26 26 16 16 24 24 15 15

2 40 40 32 32 38 38 30 30

3 102 102 60 60 95 95 55 55

4 155 170 120 125 140 155 110 115

6 340 360 225 235 320 330 205 215

8 570 610 435 455 520 560 395 415

10 900 955 695 750 820 890 630 690

12 1290 1350 1055 1120 1190 1260 960 1030

14 1720 1840 1470 1570 1580 1710 1340 1450

16 2260 2430 1940 2070 2090 2270 1780 1910

18 2800 3080 2460 2680 2610 2880 2260 2480

20 3450 3730 3060 3290 3170 3450 2800 3030


TrimSizeRef

HFD XHFD HFT XHFT

4 165 180 135 145 155 170 130 140

6 350 360 250 270 320 330 240 255

8 560 600 460 490 510 550 430 460

10 870 930 730 790 790 830 680 730

12 1230 1310 1070 1160 1100 1160 990 1050

14 1610 1710 1460 1560 1440 1510 1330 1400

16 2100 2220 1910 2030 1860 1950 1720 1810

18 2610 2790 2420 2580 2310 2430 2170 2290


TrimSizeRef

HFQ1 XHFQ1 HFQ2 XHFQ2

1 9 9 6 6 7 7 4 4

11/2 21 21 13 13 16 16 9 9

2 34 34 26 26 25 25 18 18

3 85 85 50 50 64 64 35 35

4 120 140 95 100 90 100 70 75

6 280 300 180 190 205 220 125 140

8 455 520 340 370 330 380 240 270

10 725 825 545 620 530 605 390 450

12 1090 1260 850 970 800 940 615 710

14 1440 1630 1190 1350 1060 1210 860 980

16 1930 2215 1000 1800 1420 1650 1160 1320

18 2400 2820 2060 2350 1770 2100 1500 1720

20 2830 3260 2460 2810 2060 2400 1780 2045


TrimSizeRef

HFD XHFD HFT XHFT

1 15.5 15.5 15.5 15

1.1/2 34 34 34 32

2 64 62 63 60

3 140 140 140 135

4 260 250 255 245

6 530 520 530 510

8 880 860 870 850

10 1310 1290 1310 1270

12 1750 1720 1750 1700

14 2340 2300 2330 2280

16 2970 2920 2960 2900

18 3720 3660 3710 3630

20 5080 5000 5070 4950

TrimSize 25%VHFD 50%VHFD 25%VHFT 50%VHFTRef. Mod Eq % Mod Eq % Mod Eq % Mod Eq %

Figure 18. Series 12&72 Multi Stage Cv Values forGas Vapour Applications - Flow Under

Figure 21. Series 12&72 Variable Stage Cv Values for Gas Vapour Applications - Flow Under


11

Multi-Stage Trim Designs for Gas/Vapour Applications

Figure 19. Gas/Vapour Velocity Limits- Body and End Connections

All >95 670 204 1150 350 0.65

All <95 670 204 1150 350 0.51/2” to 2” <85 670 204 1150 350 0.4

3” to 24” <85 670 204 1150 350 0.3

Valve Req.Size Noise

Level MachdBA ft/s m/s ft/s m/s Number

Inlet Outlet

Selection GuidelinesFlanges are specified as a nominal size, the actual bore size varies with pressure class. On higher rated flanges that the flange bore can beconsiderably less than the body bore area. This could lead to the flange end connection restricting the capacity of the valve. In order to ensurethis does not happen the following tables reference the standard end sizes available as a function of valve body size and pressure rating.

Figure 22. Flanged End Restrictions

1 25 1 1 1 1

11/2 40 1.1/2 1.1/2, 2, 3 1.1/2, 2, 3 2, 3

2 50 2 2, 3, 4, 2, 3, 4 3, 4

3 80 3 3, 4, 6 3, 4, 6 4, 6

4 100 4 4, 6, 8 6, 8 6, 8

6 150 6 6, 8, 10 8, 10 8, 10

8 200 8 8, 10, 12 10, 12 12, 14

10 250 10 10, 12, 14 12, 14 14, 16

12 300 12 12, 14, 16 14, 16 18, 20

14 350 14 16,18, 20 16, 18 20

16 400 16 18, 20, 24 20, 24 24

18 450 18 20,24 24

20 500 20 24

24 600 24

to ANSI ANSI ANSI ANSIin mm 600 900 1500 2500

Valve Body Size Available End Connection Size

1 25 1 1 1 1

11/2 40 1.1/2, 2, 3 1.1/2, 2, 3 1.1/2, 2, 3 1.1/2, 2, 3, 4

2 50 2, 3, 4 2, 3, 4, 2, 3, 4 3, 4, 5, 6

3 80 3, 4, 6 3, 4, 6 3, 4, 6 4, 6, 8

4 100 4, 6, 8 4, 6, 8 8, 10 6, 8, 10

6 150 6, 8, 10 6, 8, 10 8, 10, 12 8, 10, 12

8 200 8, 10, 12 8, 10, 12 10, 12, 14 12, 14, 16

10 250 10, 12, 14 10, 12, 14 12,14 14,16

12 300 12, 14, 16 12, 14, 16 14,16 18,20

14 350 14, 16, 18 16, 18, 20 16,18 20

16 400 16, 18, 20 18,20,24 20,24 24

to ANSI ANSI ANSI ANSIin mm 600 900 1500 2500

Valve Body Size Available End Connection Size

Bonnet Cryogenic Normalising Standard Standard/Normalising Standard/Normalising

Packings PTFE Chevron PTFE Chevron PTFE Chevron Graphite Graphite (*)

Below - 100oC -100oC to -20oC -20oC to 250oC 250oC to 400oC Above 400oCComponent (-150oF) (-148oF to -4oF) (-4oF to 482oF) (482oF to 752oF) (752oF)

Figure 23. Butt Weld End Restrictions

Figure 24. Bonnet/Packaging Options

* not suitable for oxidizing service


12

Under 10 75*

Over 50* 100

Under 20 150*

Over 95* 150

Under 30 180*

Over 125* 180

HF4 Over 185 -

HF5 Over 230 -

HFQ1 Under - 150

HFQ2 Under - 180

HFL - 2 Under 80 150

HFL - 3 Under 125 180

HFL - 4 Under 140 210

HFL - 5 Under 190 230

HF/XHF

HFD/XHFD

HFT/XHFT

Gases/Liquids Vapours

Trim Max P Max PDesign Flow Dir. (Bar) (Bar)

1/4 to 1/2 20:1 15:13/4 to 1 30:1 25:1

11/2 to 2 40:1 35:1

3 to 6 50:1 45:1

8 to 12 60:1 55:1

14 to 24 70:1 60:1

Above 24 80:1 70:1

HF / XHF single Multi-stageTrim Size stage Standard Designs StandardRef - in Rangeability Rangeability

Figure 25. Pressure Drop Limitations Figure 26. Standard Rangeability Valves

Note Figure 25: 1. Pressure drop limits do not apply to flashingapplications. 2. These apply on the basis that cavitation has beeneliminated. 3. In cases of wet/saturated vapours then pressuredrops for liquids should be applied. 4. On liquid applications,where final stage pressure drops are greater than 50 bar thenangle valves are recommended.

Note: Rangeability is the relationship between the minimumcontrollable Cv and the design Cv of the trim.

* these are the recommended flow directions for these trims.

Figure 27. Standard Material Combinations

StandardCombination/NACE

Sea Water/Sour Gas

Sea Water/Sour Gas

Highly corrosive

Highly corrosive

Highly corrosive

Highly corrosive

Low Temp

Cryogenic

Medium Temp

High TempFast stroking time i.ecompressor re-cycle> 1.75” (45mm) /secLiquids - PressureDrops 20 - 35 bar

(300 - 500psi)Liquids - Pressure

Drops 35 bar(500psi)

Liquids - PressureDrops > 150 bar

(2175 psi)

Contaminatedservices

Feadwater

Low Temp Steam

High Temp

Oil & Gas

Power

316 St.St. + HardChrome Plated or

17/4 PH St.St.

Duplex + HardChrome Plated

Super Duplex +Hard Chrome

Plated

Monel K500Hardened

Hastelloy (B/C) +Hard Chrome Plated

Alloy 625 + HardChrome Plated

Titanium /Titanium Nitride

Hard Chrome Plate

Gr. 6 Stellite

Hard Chrome Plate

Gr. 6 Stellite

Gr. 6 Stellite

-

Gr. 6 Stellite

Tungsten CarbideInsert


420 St.StHardened

420 St.StHardened

Cr Mo Gasnitrided to Rc>64

316 St.ST.

Duplex

Super Duplex

Monel 400

Hastelloy (B/C)

Alloy 625

Titanium

Gr. 6 Stellite

Gr. 6 Stellite

Gr. 6 Stellite

Gr. 6 Stellite

Gr. 6 Stellite

Gr. 6 Stellite

Gr. 6 Stellite



420 St.St. Rc 35-43 or 17-4PH

St.St. Rc 39-41420 St.St. Rc 35-

43 or 17-4PHSt.St. Rc 39-41

Cr Mo FullyStellited

316 St.ST or 17-4PH St.St.

Duplex

Super Duplex

Monel K500

Hastelloy (B/C)

Alloy 625

Titanium

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

431 St.St

431 St.St

431 St.St

Integral with guide/316 St.St./ 316

St.St.

Integral with guide/Duplex St.St.

Integral with guide/Super Duplex

St.St.

Integral with guide/Monel K 500;

Integral with guide/Hastelloy (B/C)

Integral with guide/Alloy 625

Integral with guide/Titanium

-

-

-

-

-

Gr. 6 Stellite

Gr. 6 Stellite



Integral with guide/316

St.St.+ColmonoyIntegral with guide/

Carbon Steel+Colmonoy

Integral with guide/316 St.St/ 316St.St. + Stellite

-46oC to 250oC

-46oC to 250oC

-46oC to 250oC

-38oC to 250oC

-40oC to 250oC

-40oC to 250oC

-28oC to 250oC

-100oC to

<-100oC

250oC - 350oC

350oC - 400oC

-

-

-

-

-

<250oC

250oC to 427oC

428oC to 595oC

Industry Sector Typical Duties Guide Plug Stem Seat Temp Range

Unbalanced Metal/Metal None III, IV &V Cryogenic to 5650C

Unbalanced Metal/Soft Face None VI Cryogenic to 3150C

Balanced Metal/Metal Graphite III 2500C to 5650C

Balanced Metal/Metal Carbon/PTFE IV & V Cryogenic to 2650C

Balanced Metal/Metal Alloy 25 IV 2650C to 5650C

Pilot Balanced Metal/Metal Carbon V 2650C to 5650C

Balanced Metal/Soft Face Carbon/PTFE VI* Cryogenic to 2650C

Plug Design Seating Style Piston Ring Leakage Class Temperature Range

Figure 28. Leakage Class Options

Note: For contaminated services a scraper will be incorporated within the plug seal.* this is a special design for valve sizes up to 10” (250mm) - the application must be reviewed by Applications before specifying.

Note: Materials listed above are suitable for most applications. Material variations are available on request. Tungsten Carbide/Ceramicare available for high duty process applications.

Overlay Options


13

Figure 29. Series 12&72 Common Dimensions

1 /2”

3/4

”1

”1

1 /2”

2”

3”

4”

6”

8”

10”

12”

14”

16”

18”

20”

24”

15m

m20m

m25m

m40m

m50m

m80m

m100m

m150m

m200m

m250m

m300m

m350m

m400m

m450m

m500m

m600m

m

AN

SI

300

PN

25 &

40

AN

SI

150 a

nd

PN

10 &

16

AN

SI

600 P

N100

to A

NS

I 600

Nor

mal

isin

g B

onne

t Ser

ies

12 / 7

2 to

AN

SI 6

00

Valv

e S

troke

Sta

ndar

d B

onnet

Ser

ies

12 /

72 t

o A

NS

I 600

Bo

nnet

Mo

unt

Dia

(t

o A

NS

I 60

0)

Bo

nnet

Mo

unt

Dia

A

NS

I 90

0 /

1500

Bo

nnet

Mo

unt

Dia

A

NS

I 25

00

F F F M L L

71 /4

184

71 /2

191 8 203

53 /4

146

83 /4

222

11 /8

28 21 /8

54 21 /8

54 21 /8

54

71 /4

184

71 /2

191

81 /8

203

53 /4

146

83 /4

222

11 /8

28 21 /8

54 21 /8

54 21 /8

54

71 /4

184

73 /4

197

81 /4

210

25 /8

67 53 /4

146

83 /4

222

11 /8

28 21 /8

54 21 /8

54 21 /8

54

83 /4

222

91 /4

235

97 /8

251

31 /4

82 81 /8

206

121 /8

308

11 /8 28 21 /8 54 21 /8 54 213/16

71

10 254

101 /2

267

111 /4

286

31 /2

89 73 /8

187

123 /8

314

11 /2 38 21 /8 54 21 /8 54 213/16

71

113 /4

298

121 /2

218

131 /4

337

43 /8

318

97 /8

251

151 /8

384

21 /4

57 213/16

71 213/16

71 213/16

71

137 /8

352

141 /2

368

151 /2

394

55 /8

143

11 279

165 /8

422

21 /4

57 213/16

71 213/16

71 39 /16

90

173 /4

451

185 /8

473

20 508 8 203

131 /8

333

187 /8

479

31 /2

89 39 /16

90 39 /16

90 39 /16

90

213 /8

543

23 /8

568

24 610

83 /4

222

153 /4

400

213 /4

552 4 102

39 /16

90 39 /16

90 39 /16

90

261 /2

673

277 /8

708

295 /8

752

10 254

177 /8

454

267 /8

683 5 127

39 /16

90 53 /4

146

53 /414

6

29 737

301 /2

775

321 /4

819

121 /2

318

201 /2

521

301 /2

775 6 152

39 /16

90 53 /4

146

53 /414

6

35 889

361 /2

927

381 /4

972

13 330

241 /2

622

353 /2

908 7 178

53 /414

6

53 /4

146

53 /414

6

453 /8

1153 47 1194

491 /4

1251

141 /4

362

281 /8

714

401 /8

1020 9 229

53 /414

6

53 /4

146

53 /414

6

521 /2

1334 54 1372 60 1524

191 /4

489

351 /2

902

425 /8

1082 10 254

53 /414

6

53 /4

146

53 /414

6

581 /4

1480 60 1524 63 1600

181 /4

464

34 864

461 /2

1180 12 305

53 /414

6

53 /4

146

53 /414

6

40 1016

415 /8

1057

435 /8

1108

153 /4

400

283 /8

721

397 /8

1013 8 203

53 /414

6

53 /4

146

53 /414

6

1 /2”

3/4

”1

”1

1 /2”

2”

3”

4”

6”

8”

10”

12”

14”

16”

18”

20”

24”

15m

m20m

m25m

m40m

m50m

m80m

m100m

m150m

m200m

m250m

m300m

m350m

m400m

m450m

m500m

m600m

m

AN

SI

300

PN

25 &

40

AN

SI

150 a

nd

PN

10 &

16

AN

SI

600 P

N100

F F F

43 /8

111

45 /8

117

45 /16

125

5 127

51 /426

7

55 /8

143

57 /8

148

61 /4

159

65 /8

168

615 /1

6

352

71 /4

184

73 /4

197

87 /8

225

95 /16

237

10 254

1011/16

271

113 /1

6

284

12 305

131 /4

337

1315/16

354

1415/16

376

141 /2

368

151 /4

387

161 /8

410

171 /2

889

181 /4

464

191 /8

486

2211/16

576

231 /2

597

245 /8

625

261 /4

667

27 686

281 /2

724

291 /8

740

30 762

311 /2

800

20 508

2013/16

529

2113/16

5548

Figure 30. Series 72 Dimensions

Series 12 Series 72


14

Koso Kent Introl LimitedArmytage Road, BrighouseWest Yorkshire. HD6 1QFTelephone: +44 (0)1484 710311Fax: +44 (0)1484 407407Email: [email protected]

Internet Address

www.kentintrol.com

Copyright © Dec 2005All rights reserved Koso Kent Introl Limited

The Company’s policy is one of continual development and the right isreserved to modify the specifications contained herein without notice.

Documents

Globe/Angle Cage Guided Valves - KOSOkoso.co.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/KKI-CAGE_GUIDED.pdf · Series 12/72 valve ideally suited to high pressure drop compressible fluids as it