Global Sharing of Contextual Information

re Law in Cultural Pluralism

Prof. Yoshiharu MATSUURA Director, JaLII, Nagoya University

Prof. Amy Huey-Ling SHEE

Director, TaiwanLII, National Chung Cheng University

Bilingual KWICBilingual KWIC English + Native Language English + Native Language Key-Word-in-Context Search

Standard Translation Dictionary

Reference for Translation

Comparative Legal Concepts

Continental vs Common Law

Package Legal Information

Nagoya

JaLII

Invention

CCU TaiwanLII

Application

Cross-national collaborations

JaLII & TaiwanLII Joint Project

JaLII & TaiwanLII Joint ProjectAgreement Signing Ceremony

Oct. 2010, Nagoya University

The Japanese Bilingual KWIC

The Korean Law Bilingual KWIC

Data: 50 laws 35550 lines

Taiwan Law Bilingual KWIC

Data: 152 laws in English

The Taiwan Bilingual KWIC of Grand Justice 669 Interpretations = 10,677 lines

Bilingual KWICBilingual KWIC English + Native Language English + Native Language Key-Word-in-Context Search

Standard Translation Dictionary

Reference for Translation

Comparative Legal Concepts

Continental vs Common Law

Package Legal Information

Nagoya

JaLII

Invention

CCU TaiwanLII

Application

Cross-national collaborations

A Proposed Project

Multi-layered Sharing of Legal

Information

in East AsiaWhat to share?What to share?

• Statutory Text in Two Languages• Standard Translation Dictionary• Contextual Information in Plain Language

注釈 : annotations to statutory text

annotations to basic legal concepts

JaLII, 名古屋大学

Ministry of Government Legislation, 韓国

TaiwanLII ，中正大学

MOJ法令外国語訳

Statutory text &Standard Translation

Dictionary

日本法令（ J-E 対訳）

台湾法令（ C-E 対訳） 韓国法令

（ K-E 対訳）

比較法研究

中国法（大陸）研究パートナー（交渉中）

annotationse-legislation research

Plain law

Focus of Joint Research

Standard Translation DictionaryStandard Translation Dictionary

債 務 Obligation 義 務

Basic Concepts of Law & Legal Study

Japanese Law

Taiwanese Law

1.Do we share the same legal notion about “obligation” ?

2.Why do we use different Chinese characters about the same notion?

Compare & Contrast

Standard Translation Dictionary

親 権

Parental right

親 權

Basic Concepts of Law & Legal StudyJapanese

Law Taiwanese Law

1.Do we still share the same legal notion of “ 親権 \ 親權 ” ?

2.Why use the same Chinese characters to denote different legal notions?

Parental Duty-Right

Parental Responsibilities

Parental Rights & Duties

父母對未成年子女之權利義務Global Law

息 銀les intérêts

Annotation : Historical Development of

Legal Terms Modern Use of Century-old Translations1. Japanese Translation of the Napoleon Civil Code2. French Translation of the Old Japanese Civil Code1.

2. les intérêts 利 息

1.Where did Japanese drafters find “ 息

銀” ?

2.Why did they replace it with “ 利息” ?

les intérêts

?

息銀

?

利息

interests

Transplant of a Legal Term &

Its Historical Development&

Its Translation

Compare & Contrast

父母對未成年子女權利義務之行使或負擔

日本法

親 權

Annotation : Contextual Evolution of Legal

Concepts Modern Use of Century-old Legal Term1. ROC transplant of the Japanese Civil Code concept2. Contextual evolutions of ROC Civil Code in Taiwan1.

1931 ROCCivil Code

2.

1.How has the “ 親權” evolved in Taiwan?

2.What difference does Glocalisation make?

父母對未成年子女權利義務之行使或負擔

Global lawUN Convention

親 權

親 權

權 利義 務

rights & duties

duty-right

parental responsibilities

Transplant of a Legal Term &

Its Contextual Evolution&

Its Translation

modernisation

Internationalisation

UN Convention on the Rights of the Child

transplant

A Basis of the Analysis

Toward the Discovery of a “Functional Equivalent” of Two Legal Systems

Taiwanese Law

Japanese Law

Laws and Institutions about

The Best Interest of Children

Common Challenges to the Study of Comparative Law

1. How can we list up all the “relevant” rules

and related materials?

2. How should we read the data so identified ?

Unique Feature of Taiwan KWIC (1)

• The Taiwan Bilingual KWIC of Judicial Interpretations made by the Grand Justices of the Constitutional Court

• 669 Interpretations, 2313 keywords, 10,677 lines:

• substantial numbers for use of KWIC

Unique Feature of Taiwan KWIC (2)• Under the Continental Code structure,

Judicial Interpretations may supplement the law KWIC to…

-- define imported legal concept as legislative principle: No.365: monogamous family to raise independent children; No.590: children’s right to parental care

-- create Constitutional right: No.587: the right to know parents; No.554: constitutional family right

-- lead legal reform: No.365: family court & child interest; No.520: ethical concerns in adoptive family

-- social engineering: No.587: out-of-wedlock paternity

“package information” of law……

A topic of law

Jurisdiction A

Global Law

sexual harassment,

right to privacy, etc.

Functional Equivalents In Jurisdiction B

Glocalised

Contexts of Law

& Practice

Legal Information Supply Network

Toward A New Era of Rule-of-Law Civilisation

• From West-centered

“modernisation”

“internationalisation”

“globalisation”

• Towards a

Asian Network of

Information Society

for Legal Pluralism

Contexts of

Legal Information

1. Legislative history

2. Current laws & orders

3. Judicial interpretations

4. Court decisions

5. Academic writings

6. Empirical findings

Taiwan Legal Information Institute

TaiwanLII based on eLearning