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What are the perspectives for solar energy?What are the successful business models and stimulus?H. Serhan SzerOctober 29, 2013GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES FOR SOLAR POWERContentENERGY DEMAND - CHALLENGESWorld Population at its peak, still increasingEnergy Consumption increasing at an increasing rateEnergy Consumption per Capita

ENERGY SUPPLY - SOLUTIONSWhat are the major differences between Fossil Fuels and Renewable Energy?Solar PowerBaseload IssueCase Study: DesertecSolar Resources in EUMENAWind Resources in EUMENAExamples from 4 Countries: Germany, Greece, Saudi Arabia, TurkeySolar Power could power the Entire WorldEnergy Vision for All Countries

World Population at its peak, still increasing

Figure 1. World Population, based primarily Angus Maddison estimates,interpolated where necessary.Energy Consumption increasing at an increasing rate

Figure 2. World Energy Consumption by Source, Based on Vaclav Smilestimates from Energy Transitions: History, Requirements and Prospectstogether with BP Statistical Data for 1965 and subsequentEnergy Consumption mostly Fossil Fuels

Figure 3. Per capita world energy consumption, calculated by dividingworld energy consumption shown in Figure 1 by population estimates,based on Angus Maddison data.IMPORTANT QUESTION:What are the major differences between Fossil Fuels and Renewable Energy?

Democracy, Peace, Carbon FootprintSolar PowerPV (Photovoltaic)Utility ScaleCrystallineThin Film Distributed Generation (mostly Crystalline)

Solar PowerSolar ThermalWater HeatersCSP (Concentrating Solar Power)Utility Scale (for power generation)Parabolic TroughTowerLinear FresnelStirling DishHybrid SystemsMicro CSPCooling & HeatingSteam UseCPV (Concentrating Photovoltaic)

Baseload to be provided by Solar PowerHeat StoragePower StorageBaseload to be provided by Other Renewables

Biomass/BiofuelGeothermalHydro

BASELOAD ISSUE

CASE STUDY: DESERTEC

DESERTEC is a project supported by a foundation of the same name and the consortium Dii (Desertec industrial initiative) created in Germany as a limited liability company (Gmbh).The project aims at creating a global renewable energy plan based on the concept of harnessing sustainable power from sites where renewable sources of energy are more abundant and transferring it through high-voltage direct current transmission to consumption centers.

Europe and MENA both need a secure, affordable and clean supply of electricity. All countries benefit from access to affordable renewable energy, the creation of new industries and reduced cost of decarbonization.

The Desertec Project shows that the MENA region would be able to meet its needs for power with renewable energy, while exporting its excess power to create an export industry with an annual volume of more than 60 billion. Meanwhile, by importing desert power, Europe could save around 30/MWh.SOLAR RESOURCES IN EUMENAFigure 4 shows the availability of excellent solar resources in MENA. Prime sites can be found everywhere in the region, from the High Atlas and Tell Atlas in the Maghreb to the Asir Mountains in Saudi Arabia.

Figure 4: Solar resources in the EUMENA regionWIND RESOURCES IN EUMENALess widely known, but no less important, MENA also has favorable wind conditions, as depicted in Figure 5.Exceptional wind potentials can be found, for example, on Moroccos Atlantic coast and the Red Sea. Furthermore, the entire continent, stretching between these two coasts, hosts attractive sites for wind power generation

Figure 5: Wind resources in the EUMENA regionVISIONARY COUNTRY: GERMANYResponsibly managed Germany's phase-out of nuclear power will lead to a new reliance on renewable energy.Germany needs 3,800 kilometers by 2022 in new power lines in order to prepare for the country's planned nuclear phase-out, the country's main grid operators announced last year. Amid criticism that her energy revolution has stalled, Chancellor AngelaMerkel has called for faster grid expansion which will cost about 20 billion over the next 10 years.

The percentage of solar, wind, hydro and biomass energy in the country is expected to increase by 35 percent by 2020, as the country prepares for the phase-out of nuclear energy announced by Chancellor Angela Merkel after the Fukushima nuclear catastrophe last year. Germany currently has an installed capacity of more than 35 GW of Solar Power.

Source: Wikipedia. The red squares represent the area that would be enough for solar power plants to produce a quantity of electricity consumed by the world today, in Europe (EU-25) and Germany (De). (Data provided by the German Aerospace Centre (DLR), 2005

SOLAR ENERGY COULD POWER THE ENTIRE WORLDTURKEY Economic Consequences of Energy ImportationCurrent account deficitNational expenditure > Domestic production

70% of current account deficitA surplus could have been incurred if Turkey had not importedTURKEY Renewable Energy Law

December 2012: New regulations and legislations on renewable energy productionJune 2013: License applications collected for the first 600 MW solar power plant. The limit for unlicensed electricity production increased from 500 kW to 1MWRegulation for unlicensed projects published in October 2013.TURKEY PotentialInstalled capacity of less than 15 MW,Second highest solar irradiation in Europe after Spain than Germany,Solar Energy potential of 380 billion kWh/year,Total Installed Capacity of 60 GW.

Energy Vision for All Countries1. %100 Renewable Energy 2. Utilizing fossil fuels as Raw Materials3. Energy Efficiency,4. City Planning and changing the arcitectural design of housing,6. Solar Electric Vehicles to be utilized,7. Everything can be utilized within the natural cycle and could be sustainable (excess heat), 8. Micro Grid Systems (Distributed Generation) and Inter Grid Lines9. Full Support for all the R&D Efforts from public and private sectors.

Pura Vida!H. Serhan SzerHonorary Consul of Costa RicaMember of GreenpeaceFounder of Turkish Foodbank AssociationSzer Groups 3rd Generation ExecutiveCEO of Eko Renewable Energy Inc.Personal Blog: serhansuzer.com