Glaciers

TYPES OF GLACIERS

Types of Glaciers• 1. Alpine– Forms in mountains and valleys– Flow downhill, widening and U-shaping valleys

• 2. Continental – Ice sheets covering large areas of land– Antarctica is covered by one, big sheet 1.5 times

the size of the U.S.

Ice in the World• Ice Shelves– Ice attached to ice sheet that hangs over/rests on

open water– Ross Ice Shelf off of Antarctica lays on the ocean

and is the size of Texas!

Iceberg

• Icebergs– Large pieces of ice drifting in the ocean– Most of the iceberg is below the water level

EROSION AND DEPOSITION BY GLACIERS

Drift and Deposits

• Glacial Drift- material carried and deposited by glaciers

• Stratified Drift- material deposited in layers by size by the melting ice

• Till- unsorted, un-layer material of all sizes deposited as ice melts

Assignment Day 1

• 1. What are the two types of glaciers AND how do they differ?

• 2. What is the difference between ice sheets and icebergs?

• 3. What are the three types of deposits and drift from glaciers?

• 4. How do Stratified Drift and Till differ?• 5. Where is a majority of the iceberg located?

Not necessary, but I love this picture!

LANDFORMS OF GLACIERS

United States Glacial Coverage

• Kettles- depressions left by chunks of ice– Often fill with water and form round lakes

• Drumlins- sloping hills created as ice flow releases and pulls drift

Alpine Glacial Features

• Horns- sharp peak formed when three or more cirques erode the mountain

• Cirques- bowl-shape depressions cut into the side of the mountain

• Arêtes- jagged ridges between two cirques

• U- Shaped Valleys- created when glaciers round out the valley

• Hanging Valleys- small U-shaped valleys that hang above deeper U- shaped valleys

Horn

Cirque

Arête

U- Shaped Valley

Hanging Valley

Moraines• Medial- build up of debris between two glaciers

• Lateral- build up of debris alongside the glacier

• Ground- build up of debris beneath glacier

• Terminal- build up of debris in front of the glacier

Medial

Lateral

Ground

Terminal

MICHIGAN AND GLACIERS

Michigan

• Michigan land features were carved primarily by Glacial Movement

• Michigan and Glaciers Video

Assignment Day 2

• 1. How are cirques, horns, and aretes related?• 2. What water feature occurs when there is a

hanging valley?• 3. What are the four types of moraines?• 4. Which type of moraine lines the edges of

the glacier?• 5. How are U-Shaped Valleys formed?