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GIS And Enterprise ArchitecturePresented by
John R. Woodard MS, GISP
A Quick IntroductionPROFESSIONAL: 15 years practical experience of applying GIS to everyday issues. GISP (Geographic Information System Professional)Certification EA (Enterprise Architecture) Certification GIS Coordinator for Chagrin Valley Engineering, Ltd
EDUCATION: MS in Geography/GIS from the University of Akron. ¾ finished with Masters in Digital Science at Kent State University.
PERSONAL:Scuba Diver & Beekeeper (Yes, I deal with over 400,000 bees and sell
honey!)
Today’s Format
PART 1: What? Enterprise Architecture
Business Intelligence
Leadership Role
Current State vs Future State
PART 2 : Tools Business On a Page
(BOAP)
Goals
Technology Inventory & Lifecycle
Application Inventory & Lifecycle
Can anyone tell me what is an Enterprise System?
It seems as though everyone has a slightly different
definition of Enterprise GIS!
Wikipedia defines Enterprise GIS as ……
“Enterprise GIS is a geographic information system that is integrated through an entire organization so that a large number of users can manage, share, and use spatial data and related information to address a variety of needs….. “
that are: data creation, modification, visualization, analysis, and dissemination
While also providing users with GIS capabilities, Enterprise GIS is also made available to other software systems, including those dedicated to Spatial function or those that can usefully benefit from the inclusion of spatial information or processing.
Taken from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_GISAugust 2015
http://wiki.gis.com/wiki/index.php/System_Design_Process
Figure 1.1 System architecture design is an analytic process that generates IT hardware and network capacity requirements from specified peak business workflow performance needs.
http://wiki.gis.com/wiki/index.php/GIS_Product_Architecture
Figure 7.1 Esri ArcGIS System Environment
Ok, Woody so what is Enterprise Architecture?
TechTarget defines it as……………..
An enterprise architecture (EA) is a conceptual blueprint that defines the structure and operation of an organization. The intent of an enterprise architecture is to determine how an organization can most effectively achieve its current and future objectives.
searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/enterprise-architecture
Wikipedia (yes, again!)……………..
“Enterprise architecture (EA) is "a well-defined practice for conducting enterprise analysis, design, planning, and implementation, using a holistic approach at all times, for the successful development and execution of strategy. Enterprise architecture applies architecture principles and practices to guide organizations through the business, information, process, and technology changes necessary to execute their strategies. These practices utilize the various aspects of an enterprise to identify, motivate, and achieve these changes.".
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_architecture
What is “Enterprise” and “Architecture”
Architecture = The plan, blueprint, etc. Look at this like the drawings created by an Architect!
Enterprise =“any collection of “roles/responsibilities” related things that have a common set of strategies/goals and/or single bottom line.”*
Dr. Denise Bedford
What’s the difference between an Enterprise System and Architecture?
The difference lies in the overall objective of the Enterprise…………..
When someone creates and deploys an Enterprise GIS it is to share the processing, querying, mapping, etc. capabilities through out an organization.
The Enterprise Architecture is created to organize and marshals all available resources to support the organization’s business statement, goals etc. It is a strategic plan that is considered the blueprint for success.
What is the value of a system without a purpose?
Enterprise Architect
Business Architect
Data/Information Architect
Technology Architect
Applications Architect
Who works on an Enterprise Architecture?
Enterprise Architect Is responsible for the design, implementation, and management of the enterprise architecture. He will establish and maintain the architecture standards for the organization. This architect will ensure that there are clear channels of communication through all levels of the architecture, while managing the governance processes.
Business Architect Must work with the Enterprise Architect. He will assist the Enterprise Architect in developing the enterprise architecture and ensure that it aligns with the business objectives and goals of the company. Cyber-GIS business architect is expected to find and create strategies that will enhance the company’s business capabilities and architecture. He will take the lead in guiding the company through the process of establishing a business architecture that coexists and works with the enterprise architecture mode.
Data/Information Architect The first role of this architect will be to establish clear and concise architecture principles for the company’s data and information. He will also perform data modeling create, update, the company’s data catalog. The Data/Information Architect will be responsible for establishing the controls and rules for accessing, distributing, and collection of the data.
Technology Architect This architect will support the data/information and application divisions. He will be tasked with creating and maintaining the technology inventory and dictionary. This architect will be expected to create the resource model for all Cyber-GIS capabilities. He will also keep the company informed of current and new technologies emerging in the market.
Applications Architect He will maintain the company’s important business applications are aligned with Cyber-GIS business needs. He will review the company’s applications to control overlaps, while preventing gaps and redundancies in capabilities. This architect will design an application architecture that works with the existing enterprise architecture and supports Cyber-GIS business goals and objectives.
Architecture Review Board
Architect Review Board The Architect Review Board tasked with ensuring that Cyber-GIS business, applications, and development practices all support and are compatible with the company’s enterprise architecture. This board will be the authority that grants and reviews all compliance exceptions or waivers requests. The Applications, Technology, Data/Information will form the body of the Architecture Review Board. This board will report to the Enterprise Architect.
Business Intelligence
Is a set of techniques and tools used to translate raw data into useful information for business analysis purposes. These technologies and techniques process large amounts of information to enable analysts to: identify, develop and find new business opportunities.
The goal is to transform this large amount of data into valuable information into new strategies and opportunities for an organization or business.
Borrowing from the field Enterprise Architecture, GIS professionals can add more value to their GIS enterprise systems and achieve a higher Return On Investment. (ROI)
Leadership
Someone (you) must “step up” and… Develop a vision of what will be…………..
Provide an example and guide the system’s development.
Be decisive
Accept input and ideas
But choose a path.
A good leader knows when to follow, listen, and step back.
Good leadership = project “buy – in”
What is the state of the organization?
OR
THE PRESENT & THE FUTURE
Current vs Future (“ To Be”) State Architecture
CURRENT STATE
• Where are we today?
• What are the processes?
• Who does what?
• What is our IT & Technology?
• Where are our competitors?
FUTURE (WHAT IS TO BE)
• This will always be a vision of what is in the future.
• It must be a shared plan embraced by all of the architecture components. (People)
• This architecture must always look ahead and try to predict what future challenges will need to be met for the company to survive and prosper.
• This will be a continuous process– (project by project, decision by decision)
The Design of Enterprise Architecture
Project C
EnterpriseArchitectur
eFramework
Updated Framework
Project B
Project A
Architecture Process Development Process
Pro
posal
Desig
n
Imp
lem
en
tati
on
Post
Imp
lem
en
tati
on
ReportKey
Question
Key Questio
n
Key Questio
n
EIA Principles, Business
Rules,Standards
EIA Artifacts
and Componen
ts
EIA Workflows, Roles, Tools
EIA Maturity Model &
Assessments
EIA Internal
Checklists &
Workflows
A Framework For Doing Architecture
* Dr. Denise Bedford
EXERCISE 1
Can you suggest a GIS person/position
that would fill the roles in the
Enterprise Architecture Framework?
A Couple of Tools From Enterprise Architecture
CYBER GIS GIS (BUSINESS ON A PAGE) GIS SERVICES--------------- GIS CONSULTING ----------------
INTERNAL PROJECTS PROGRAMMING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM
ADVISING TEACHING
- DEVELOP PROJECT PARTNERSHIPS WITH CVE DEPARTMENTS
- DEVELOP A NEED FOR GIS INPUT, DATA, ON COMPANY PROJECTS
- DEVELOP A GIS VIEWER SYSTEM FOR CLIENT CITIES & OFFICE STAFF
-INIATATE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
-WORK IN PYTHON, VBA, & DOT NET
- WORK WITH OPEN SOURCE
-DATABASE & GIS MODULES
-DEVELOP DATA MODELS
-DEVELOP MOBILE APPLICATIONS FOR FIELD WORK
-FIND OPPORTUNITIES FOR CONSULTING.
-CREATE RELATIONSHIPS WITH MUNICIPALITIES
- DEVELOP DATA/INFORMATION SHARING AGREEMENTS WITH COUNTIES
-RESEARCH & PURSURE GRANT FUNDED OPPORTUNITIES
- PURSUE OPPORTUNITIES FOR CONSULTING.
- PROVIDE THE BEST ADVICE& OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIENTS
- ENCOURAGE COOPERATION OTHER COMPANIES
-PARTNER WITH OUTSIDE COMPANIES ON ADVISORY BOARDS
- PROVIDE THE BEST INSTRUCTION FOR GIS
- PROVIDE THE BEST INSTRUCTION FOR DATABASE/WEB PROGRAMS
- PROVIDE THE BEST MENTORING FOR INTERN/CLIENTS
Ena
blin
gSt
rate
gic
Ope
ratio
nal
1. ENCOURAGE PROJECT COLLOBORATION 2. ATTRACT AND RETAIN TALENTED STAFF3. ENCOURAGE EXTERNAL PARTNERSHIPS4. ENCOURAGE ASSOCIATION MEMBERSHIP5. SUPPORT CONFERENCE ATTENDANCE & PARTICIPATION6. FULFILL ALL CONTRACT AND LEGAL OBLIGATIONS7. MANAGE COMPANY DATA AND MAPPING RISK
8. MAINTAIN HIGH SKILL LEVELS9. PROVIDE A NURTURING WORK ENVIRONMENT10. PROVIDE A GOOD BENEFIT PACKAGE11. MANAGE FINANCIALS12. MANAGE INFORMATION13. BE A GOOD COMMUNITY MEMBER
____________________________________________(BUSINESS ON A PAGE) SERVICES--------------- CONSULTING ----------------
Ena
blin
gSt
rate
gic
Ope
ratio
nal
EXERCISE 2
Gather into small groups and use the next 15 minutes to fill in the BOAP worksheet.
Establish Goals
How do we identify the Goals?
Start at the very top!
What is your main Goal for your GIS?
Focus on your capabilities!
Don’t worry about the small details now.
Work on finding what sub-goals can be formed that support a main goal. (I will explain this in a minute.)
How would you describe and determine if your goals are correct?◦ How it relates to the organization or your plan.
◦ What is the goals name: (keep it simple and direct)
◦ How will you achieve this goal?
◦ What can be expected from the goal when it is achieved (results)?
◦ How can you measure the goal’s success.
◦ What is the time frame toward achieving the goal.
◦ Goal Source: Where did the goal idea come from?
Dr. Denise Bedford
Simple goal hierarchy - structure
Dr. Denise Bedford
Managing goal descriptions
CVE GIS DIVISON GOAL STATEMENT: ESTABLISH A GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)Goal Contributes To
(Vision)Goal
Hiearchy IDGoal Name Description of Achievement Intended Results Measurements Timeframe
GIS SYSTEM 1.0 GIS SYSTEM Create an effiecient (GIS) A GIS that responds quickly to the needs of CVE or clients.
The amount of positive feedback 5 years
1.0 1.1 Eliminate System Redudancies
Eliminate, Remove, Prevent redudancies occurring in the GIS system. A streamlined mapping and data flow Timed saved/Number of duplicate files/Employee feedback
1 year
1.0 1.2 User Friendly Make the system quick and easy to understand Create a system that is easy to learn and use. User feedback/number of users/ 2 years
1.0 1.3 Keep Technology updated Keep system hardware & tech current. Prevent system response lag times. Prevent "rush" or reactive upgrades to software & technology.
Use automated scripts & hardware specs to compare the company hardware vs market.
5 years
GIS DATA 2.0 ACCURATE DATA Eliminate Inaccuracies in the the GIS informaiton To create a accurate dataset that is trusted by GIS users. Decrease in errors/Decrease number of data "fixes"/Decrease complaints about dataset errors
5 years
2.0 2.1 Clean data Develop a data "scrubbing" model Automate basic data cleaning methods Decrease the time & manpower required to clean datasets/Increase the accuracy of the dataset.
1 year
2.0 2.2 data/information standards Develop data/information standards about how to use, import, collect or distribute the datasets.
Maintain a consistent methodology for working with company data. Remove confusion about what can be
done with the information.
Reduce the number of data "misuse or released" incidents" over the course of a business quarter.
2 years
2.0 2.3 Data Security Develop standards, methods, and procedures for protecting company & client sensitive data.
Prevent the misuse, loss or theft of company or client data/information.
Reduce the number of loss, accidents or theft incidents over the course of a business year.
1 year
2.0 2.4 Data backup Create an efficient and redundant data/info back up system. Prevent a catastrophic loss of information in times of computer/server failure.
Log the number of times data reloaded from back up due to failure or user error.
5 years
GIS GROWTH 3.0 GROW THE GIS SYSTEM Expand the GIS system Obtain more users for the system Track number of CVE employees, Clients, and Projects using the GIS.
5 years
3.0 3.1 Grow users Add CVE users & client users Gain new clients & prevent loss Number of new users added in year 5 years3.0 3.2 Grow contracts Add new outside contracts for GIS work Create GIS Growth with new projects. Number of contracts signed each year 5 years
3.0 3.3 Recurring work Establish recurring or renewing contracts (bread & butter work) Steady & recurring work Number of contracts per month 5 years
3.0 3.4 Growth thru GIS Consulting Contract analysis, programming, system design Produce a measurable value for GIS Contracts net monetary worth for CVE. 5 years
3.0 3.5 Growth through products Create new applications, programs, & mobile products Establish a foundation of products Number of new products added or developed
5 Years
GIS SATISFACTION 4.0 User Satisfaction Clients, Partners, Employees satisfied with the system. Retention How many repeats or employee loss 5 years
4.0 4.1 Partners Satisfaction Satisfied with company production, services, and performances.
Gain support for the GIS & GIS expansion Positive review from the 7 partners. 5 years
4.0 4.2 Customer Satisfaction Satisfied with the company's work, services, and deliverables Retention & support for continuing GIS operations/expanision.
Positive comments to CVE partners. 5 years
EXERCISE 3
Each group should now create a Level 1 goal and one or two sub-goals (for the level 1 goal)
Who does what?
EXERCISE 4
Each group should now create a
organizational role chart for their business or department.
How will you measure the growth of your GIS?
CVE GIS (NASCIO) LEVEL 0 (NOTHING) LEVEL 1 (CREATING AWARNESS) LEVEL 2 (ESTABLISHING A FOUNDATION) LEVEL 3 (DEVELOPMENT) LEVEL 4 (COMPLETION) LEVEL 5 (EXPANSION) LEVEL 6 (OPTIZIAMATION)
CVE ManagementThere is no one delivering a coordinated effort for the
CVE GIS BA.
1.Begin to create the idea that the company needs a GIS BA architecture to
deliver support to company Data/information mapping, creation, use, and distribution. 2. Educate owners/management/staff
on the potential benefits of GIS architecture
Demonstrate that GIS is being used by CVE as a reactive procedure. Several people use GIS in a Adhoc way to produce quick maps or illustrations. Use several small projects to demonstrate to owners/ executives, CAD
Techs, & Engineers how GIS can support thier projects.
Owners/ executive management aware of potential benefits of a GIS
architecture. Fully support the hiring/appointment of a GIS Project
managemer and create a GIS department. Begin requiring GIS to be
consulted on new data or mapping projects.
Owners/ executive management accept and fullysupport the GIS architecture and GIS Manger.
Staff begins to access and incoporate GIS into their daily
routines and projects.
Owners/ executive management allocate a
budget for training, hiring staff, software and tech
updates. GIS is considered and accessed at the first stages of a project. Not
brought in as a afterthought.
Owners/ executive management allocate a budget for training, hiring staff, software and tech updates. GIS
is considered and accessed at the first stages of a project. Not brought
in as a afterthought.
GIS Planning No plan in placeNote the lack of organization, sudden
shutdowns, unexpected data loss, disagreements over what to do and how
to proceed.
Meet with owners and document profit loss due to duplication of software, procedures, data, and employee
effort. Work with a committee to identify company needs.
Meet with Partners, Jr. Partners, & supervisors to learn about their
expectations for a GIS Architecture. Begin establishing goals, standards, &
procedures.
GIS Architecture is implemented. GIS staff, CVE engineers, & clients
accessing data/information. Architecture has goals, standards,
procedures, & a Review Board
GIS Architecture is expanded to include other departments and remote clients. Begins to
shift into a true Enterprise Architecture for CVE
departments and sister company.
GIS Architecture has grown into a fully functional enterprise system for
all 14 client cities, MBIS (sister company). The architecture is
overseen by a team of designer who report to a business & enterprise
architect.
GIS FrameworkThere is no framework or
support for the GIS architecture.
Note the lack of an organized methodology to prevent confusion
among employees and duplication of project effors. Begin meeting with
supervisors & partners to open lines of communication between projects.
Create the initial outline of procedures for displaying, sharing and incorporating GIS into engineering projects
& CAD drawings. Begin laying out a chart for all GIS capabilities and what could be currently supported.
Implement the framework as part of the GIS architecture, map out software
applications, map out what projects are being supported by which datasets.
Define the current framework and finish a complete map with
inventory. Plan the future state of the framework.
The GIS Framework complements and supports the Enterprise architecture. New models can be ceated
and capabilities added to the system.
GIS framework is trusted and used through out the company. Is considered a good template framework to follow when
establishing GIS systems for client businessess and cities.
GIS Intergration GIS Stand alone machine & projects No intergration
GIS projects, data are isolated and not supporting CVE Engineering Projects.
GIS starts supporting wetland delineation projects, GIS support requested for highway and pavement
maintanence projects.
CVE staff & partners trust GIS to provide quality maps, analysis for projects and
grant proposals.
GIS support is expected and soliticed for all projects. GIS is
considered a critical member of project teams.
GIS is requested to represent CVE at client conferences and
seminars. GIS helps to sell services for CVE.
GIS actively brings in new projects and revenue for the company. It is considered a valuable department that is involved in all CVE projects
and processes.
Technology Inventory & Lifecycle
Application Inventory & Lifecycle
FROM CURRENT STATE TO FUTURE STATE
EXERCISE 5
Each group should expand their goals to create
a current state to a future state chart.
(Just work with one goal and plan for 5 years)
CONCLUSIONS:
I am not saying that everyone needs to become an Enterprise Architect!
Borrowing ideas from the field of Enterprise Architecture can help you create an Enterprise GIS that is a custom fit to your organization’s needs and goals.
Thank you for your time! Are there any questions?
John R. Woodard MS, GISP
Email: [email protected] or [email protected]
Linked-in:
John Woodard MS, GISP
https://www.linkedin.com/profile/preview?vpa=pub&locale=en_US