Ghaith shaheen ID:1021080122

Mohammed Yousef MahmoudID:1021080079

12-06

Simple Circuits

To start off, Simple circuits:- is a closed loop of conducter through which charges can flow.

I.E:

Energy Source (Battery)

Connected to load (Light Bulb)

The connections must be made in such a way as to allow the energy to flow from the source, through the load and back into the source to form a loop.

Types of Circuits

• There are two types of circuits:- Series and Parallel Circuits.

• Series Circuits:- Connected in a row with no “Branches”.

• Parallel Circuits:- Connected to make “braches” in the circuit.

Series Circuit

These bulbs are connected in series. The Current is the same all the way round. Also, increases voltage as more light bulbs come in.

Definitions

• Current: Current in a series circuit is equal to the potential difference of the source divided by the equivalent resistance.

• Resistance: of an object is a measure of its opposition to the passage of an electric current.

• Equivalent Resistance of Resistors in series: The equivalent resistance of resistors in series equals the sum of the individual resistances of the resistors.

• Voltage: The voltage between two ends of a path is the total energy required to move a small electric charge along that path.

Real life application of the type of circuit

Parallel Circuits:- A real life application of parallel Circuit is Christmas lights, because they are connected in Parallel so that the strings remains lit even if the light bulbs are Burned.

Series Circuit:- A real life application of Series Circuit is batteries in flashlight, because they are connected in series to increase voltage.

Problem: A 120.0-Ω resistor, a 60.0-Ω resistor, and a 40.0-Ω resistor are connected in parallel and placed across a 12.0-V battery.

a. What is the equivalent resistance of the parallel circuit? b. What is the current through the entire circuit? c. What is the current through each branch of the circuit?

Answer:

• A) Req= 1/120 + 1/60 + 1/40= 1/20 Req= 1/0.5 = 1/20

B) It= Vt/Req = 120/20 = o.6 Α

C) I1= V1/R1= 12/120 = 0.1 A

I2= V2/R2= 12/60 = 0.2 A

I3= V3/R3= 12/40 = 0.3 A

Two Advantages of the selected Circuits

Series Circuit:- An advantage of a series circuit is you can add more power devices e.g batteries and they are easy to use.

Parallel Circuit:- Some advantages of a parallel circuits are; all the voltage from the power supply goes to all components, bulbs are brighter and you can turn one bulb off while leaving the other on.

Two disadvantages of the selected circuit

Series Circuit:- Disadvantages are if one component is broken or fails the others will nhot work; the cirfcuit is broken also the bulbs will be dimmer because the voltage is split.

Parallel Circuits:- Disadvantages are; the circuits are3 harder to use and they use a lot of power