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Village: Kadiana, Tehsil: Phillaur, District: Jalandhar, State: Punjab

Area: 32.21 ha, Proposed Capacity: 2,89,890 TPA

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DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIES AND COMMERCE Jalandhar

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GRASS ROOTS RESEARCH & CREATION INDIA (P) LTD.

(An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Co.: Accredited by QCI / NABET: Approved by MoEF, GoI)

F-374-375, Sector-63, Noida, U.P. Ph.: 0120- 4044630, Telefax: 0120- 2406519

Email: [email protected], [email protected] Website: http://www.grc-india.com

GRC INDIA TRAINING & ANALYTICAL LABORATORY (Accredited by NABL & Recognized by MoEF, GoI)

A unit of GRC India

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INDEX

Serial No. CONTENTS Page No.

INTRODUCTION

1.0 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT 2/I

1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT 2/I

1.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 2/I

1.3 REGULATORY COMPLIANCES & APPLICABLE

LAWS/REGULATIONS

3/I

1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 4/I

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.0 GENERAL 2/II

2.1 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 2/II

2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT 2/II

2.3 LOCATION DETAILS 2/II

2.4 LEASE HOLD AREA 3/II

2.5 GEOLOGY 3/II

2.6 RESERVES 3/II

2.7 MINING 6/II

2.8 GENERAL FEATURES 7/II

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.0 INTRODUCTION 2/III

3.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT 2/III

3.2 METHODS FOR MONITORING 4/III

3.3 BASELINE DATA 6/III

3.4 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 20/III

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.0 GENERAL 2/IV

4.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT 2/IV

4.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT 7/IV

4.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT 8/IV

4.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 11/IV

4.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 12/IV

4.6 TRAFFIC ANALYSIS 16/IV

4.7 STATUATORY 17/IV REQUIREMENTS

4.8 18/IV MATRIX FOR EIA

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

5.0 INTRODUCTION 2/V

5.1 PROPOSED SET UP 2/V

5.2 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS 3/V

ADDITIONAL STUDIES

6.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 2/VI

6.1 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT METHOLODOGY 3/VI

6.2 POTENTIAL HAZARD & ‘ALARP’ CONDITION 8/VI

6.3 RISK PRIORITISATION BASED ON HAZARDS 8/VI

6.4 ADDITIONAL MITIGATION MAJORS TO BRING HAZARDS UNDER “ALARP” ZONE 11/VI

6.5 NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION 12/VI

6.6 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESMENT, REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT (R&R) ACTION PLAN 13/VI

6.7 SUGGESTIONS 28/VI

6.8 CONCLUSION 29/VI PROJECT BENEFITS

7.0 GENERAL 2/VII

7.1 BENEFIT OF MINING 2/VII 7.2 EMPLOYMENT 2/VII

7.3 IMPROVEMENTS IN PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL

INFRASTRUCTURE 2/VII

7.3(a) IMPROVEMENTS IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 2/VII 7.3(b) IMPROVEMENTS IN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 3/VII

7.3(c) INCREASE IN EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL 3/VII

7.3(d) PREVENTION OF ILLEGAL MINING & CONTRIBUTION TO THE

EXCHEQUER 3/VII

7.3(e) ENHANCEMENT OF GREEN COVER 3/VII 7.4 HEALTH 3/VII

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 8.0 INTRODUCTION 2/VIII

8.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN( EMP) 2/VIII

8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION 3/VIII

8.3 PROPOSED SET UP 4/VIII

8.4 BUDGET ALLOCATION FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION 4/VIII

8.5 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS 5/VIII

8.6 DIVISION OF RESPONSIBILITY OF VARIOUS ACTIVITIES FOR

A SAND MINE PROJECT 6/VIII

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

9 SUMMARY 1/IX-13/IX

DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

10 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED 1/X-5/X

LIST OF TABLES

Table No. TITLE OF TABLE Page No.

3.1 Land Use cover of the project study area 2/lll

3.2 Methods adopted for PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOX (as NO2 4/lll )

3.3 (i) Ambient air quality monitoring stations 5/III

3.3 (ii) Ambient Air Quality Status 7/III

3.3 (iii) Silica Contents in dust of air samples collected 8/III

3.3 (iv) Ground water sampling locations 8/III

3.3 (v) Physico-chemical properties of ground water 9/III-11/III

3.3 (vi) Surface water sampling locations 13/III

3.3 (vii) Physico-chemical properties of surface water 14/III-16/III

3.3 (viii) Description of soil sampling locations 17/III

3.3 (ix) Physico-chemical properties of soil 18/III

3.3 (x) Noise quality monitoring stations 20/III

3.3 (xi) Noise level status 20/III

3.4 (i) Flora of the Study Area 14/III

3.4 (ii) Flora of the Buffer zone 25/III

3.4 (iii) Fauna of the Study Area 28/III

3.4(iv) Fauna of the Buffer zone 29/III

4.1 Sand budget calculation and replenishment capacity 4/IV

4.2 Noise impact 11/IV

4.3 Anticipated impact and mitigation measures for biological

environment 12/IV

4.4 (i) Existing Traffic Scenario & LOS 16/IV

4.4 (ii) Modified Traffic Scenario & LOS 17/IV

4.5(i) Qualitative Matrix 18/IV

4.5(ii) Quantitative Matrix 19/IV

5.1 Monitoring Schedule and Parameters 4/V

6.1 Sub-district wise distribution of identified villages in the study area.

17/VII

6.2 Land use pattern in Study Area 17/VII

6.3

Type and number of Educational Institutions located in the

study area

20/VI

6.4

Availability of Health Facilities in the study area and average

number people served

21/VI

6.5 Availability of drinking water facilities in the Study area 22/VI

6.6 Weekly Household Consumption Cereal and Non-cereal

items 25/VI

8.1 Cost of EMP 5/VIII

8.2 Division of Responsibility of various Activities for a Sand

Mine Project 6/VIII

9.1 Baseline Environmental Status 3/IX

9.2 Expected impact due to project development 5/IX

9.3 Cost of EMP 11/IX

9.4 Monitoring Schedule and Parameters 12/IX

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. No. TITLE OF FIGURE Page No.

2.1 Mining Process 5/II 3.1 Windrose diagram 4/III 3.2 Ambient air quality monitoring near village Kadiana 6/III

3.3 Ground Water Sampling near village Kadiana 12/III 3.4 Surface Water Sampling in the Study Area 13/III 3.5 Soil sampling near Project Site 19/III 3. 6 Acacia trees and annual herbs grown along the river bank 22/III

3.7 Scattered annual grasses in the mine area 22/III

4.1 Concentration of Fugitive dust vs Distance 10/IV

5.1 Organisation for implementation of Control Measures 3/V

6.1 Socio Economic survey of study area 16/VI

6.2 Broad Land use Pattern in Study Area (%) 18/VI

6.3 Sources of Drinking Water in the villages in Study Area 23/VI

ABBREVIATIONS

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environment Management Plan

MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forest TOR Term of Reference EAC Expert Appraisal Committee

SEAC State Expert Appraisal Committee SPCB State Pollution Control Board CPCB Central Pollution Control Board NOC No Objection Certificate bgl Below Ground Level

GLC Ground Level Concentration NH National Highway SH State Highway dB Decibel Leq Equivalent Noise Level Ha Hectare

UNFC United Nations Framework Classification HFL High Flood Level LFL Low Flood Level KLD Kilo litre Per Day

T/cum Tons Per Cubic Meter Km Kilo Meter RL River Level

EPA The Environment Protection Act Ham Hectare Meter BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand DO Dissolved Oxygen

COD Chemical Oxygen Demand TKN Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen PM Particulate Matter

AAQ Ambient Air Quality TPA Tonnes Per Annum

R & R Rehabilitation & Resettlement CSR Corporate Social Responsibility VWG Village Working Group EMC Environmental Management Cell DIC Department of Industries and Commerce RBM River Bed Material GoP Government of Punjab NGO Non Governmental Organisation PCU Passenger Car Unit LOS Level of Service PUC Pollution Under Control

NABET National Accreditation Board for Education and Training QCI Quality Council of India

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

LIST OF ANNEXURES

S. No. TITLE OF ANNEXURE I Surface Plan

II Ambient Air Quality data

III Public Hearing Proceedings

IV Data on Population, Literacy rate, Main & Marginal Workers

in respect of identified villages/towns in the Study Area

V NOC of water from Gram Panchayat

Project Name: Kadiana Sand Mine, Punjab Final EIA/EMP Chapter - I: Introduction

Page 1/I

CHAPTER -I INTRODUCTION

INDEX

S. No. CONTENTS Page No.

1.0 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT 2/I

1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT 2/I

1.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 2/I

1.3 REGULATORY COMPLIANCES & APPLICABLE LAWS/REGULATIONS

3/I

1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 4/I


Page 2/I

1.0 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a decision making tool, which guides the

Authorities in arriving at an appropriate conclusions for the proposed projects to retain them,

if env ironmentally so und and r eject, i f found having del eterious effect. E IA i dentifies the

extent o f the env ironmental, so cial and eco nomic impacts of a pr oject prior t o deci sion-

making. EIA systematically examines both beneficial and adverse impacts of the proposed

project over and abov e the prevailing conditions and ensure that t hese combined impacts

are taken into account during the project designing.

An Environmental I mpact A ssessment r eport was prepared t o co mply w ith t he Terms of

Reference (TOR) received under EIA notification of the MoEF dat ed 14-9-2006, Govt. o f

India, for se eking env ironmental cl earance for mining o f sa nd i n t he applied m ining l ease

area measuring 32.21 hectares falling und er ca tegory “ B” nea r Village: K adiana,

Taluka:Phillaur, District: Jalandhar, Punjab. This final EIA report has incorporated the points

raised i n t he publ ic hearing hel d on 05/08/2014 along with compliance o f t he pr oject

proponent by amending the draft EIA report.

1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT The pr oject i s bei ng pr oposed by t he Department of I ndustries and Commerce ( DIC). G M-

cum-Mining O fficer, D istrict I ndustries C entre, Jalandhar, i s incharge of m ining o f m inor

minerals on behalf of the Govt. of Punjab. The EIA-EMP report was prepared as per the TOR

granted under the EIA N otification. In o rder to asse ss the i mpact on e nvironment due t o

proposed mine, it is necessary to ascertain present status of environment prevailing at the

project site and identification and assessment of impacts on the environment of the

proposed operations.

1.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT As per t he approved M ine Plan, it is a p roposed pr oject t o m ine sa nd and t he est imated

project cost is Rs. 260.90 lacs.GM-cum-Mining Officer, Department of Industries and

Commerce, Jalandhar has notified the mining lease in the name of Kadiana Sand Mine.

The mining plan of sand Mine is approved by State Geologist, Punjab.

The proposed mine site on Sutluj River bed with approx. 8, 69,670 tonnes of sand deposit in

it, which is replenishable due to sediment inflow.


Page 3/I

Project Nature, Size & Location

Nature

The proposed project is river bed sand mining project.

Size

It has been proposed to collect approximately 2, 89,890 MT of river bed m aterial annually

over an area of 32.21 Hectare.

Location The mining area is located in Village: Kadiana, District: Jalandhar, Punjab. The mining lease

/ proposed project area falls in Survey of India Toposheet No. 44M/16. The mine lease area

is located between:

Latitude 31°0'30.63"N to 31°0'49.95"N

Longitude 75°52'19.52"E to 75°53'2.81"E

Nearest Railway Station

Ladhowal Railway Station (about 8 km in SW direction)

Nearest Airport Ludhiana Airport (about 18 km in SSE direction)

Nearest Highway NH-1 (about 7 km in SW direction)

Project’s importance to the country and the region The p roject i nvolves collection of r iver bed m aterial. This is very esse ntial t o pr event

widening of the riverbed due to the deposition of sediments which if not mined out will cause

flooding and damage to the adjoining areas. This can only be prevented by maintaining the

existing w idth and co urse o f t he river. I f r iverbed sand i s not m ined, t he w idening o f r iver

banks will result in excessive erosion; causing further damage to flora, agricultural land and

settlements situated in close proximity.

This project operation will generate employment to the people residing in vicinity for about

250 days annually and approximately 100 people may be benefited directly and indirectly by

the project.

1.3 REGULATORY COMPLIANCES & APPLICABLE LAWS/REGULATIONS

a) There is no legal case against the project and project proponent.

b) There is no national park / Sanctuary notified under the Wildlife Protection Act in

the study area.


Page 4/I

1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) for mining projects considered the project during its

meeting. B ased on the i nformation co ntained i n t he docu ments submitted and the

presentation made, t he EAC-MoEF pr escribed the T erms of Reference (TOR). The points

raised by the MoEF in the TOR and its compliance are as under:-

Point Wise Compliance for TOR

S. NO. TOR Compliance

I.1 All documents including approved

mine plan (Eco friendly Mine Plan),

EIA report and public hearing

should be co mpatible w ith one

another i n t erms of t he mine l ease

area, pr oduction l evels, w aste

generation & i ts management and

mining technology and should be i n

the name of the lessee.

EIA report includes all the documents compatible with

approved mining plan. P ublic hearing ha s been

conducted for the same mining lease area, production

levels, waste generation and its management and

mining t echnology w hich hav e been det ailed i n the

EIA report and the mining plan.

2 A co py of the docu ment i n t he

support o f t he fact t hat the

proponent i s the r ightful l essee of

the mine should be given.

Presently GM-cum-Mining Officer, DIC is the rightful

owner of the minor minerals.

3 The terms and conditions imposed,

if any, by the Competent Authority

in t he S tate G overnment w hile

granting m ining l ease/ per mit/

contract sh ould be built into the

mine pl an ( Eco friendly M ine P lan)

as well as the EIA report. It may

inter-alia i nclude; ar ea of w orking

(length and br eadth o f the r iver

stretch), mode of working, working

shift, transportation of mineral,

restriction, i f any i mposed f or

All the terms and conditions imposed by the

authorities have been incorporated into the Mine Plan

and t he final E IA r eport has been p repared w ith

complying w ith t hose t erms. A ll ot her relevant

information is given in Chapter -II.


Page 5/I

working etc.

4 Involvement of the forest land, if

any, in the project and status of

forestry clearance should be given.

There is no forest land involved; hence no forest

clearance will be required.

The en tire l ease hold area o f 32.21 ha, lie s in Sutluj

River bed. The present breakup o f t he l and u se for

ancillary f eature around t he m ining ar ea i s given

below and Surface P lan al ong w ith K hasra n os is

attached as Annexure I :

S. No. Land type Area in ha

1. Govt. waste land -

2. Agriculture land -

3. Grazing land -

4. Forest land -

5. Others (River Bed) 32.21

Total 32.21

5 The study ar ea w ill comprise o f 10

km z one ar ound t he m ine l ease

from l ease per iphery and t he dat a

contained in the EIA such as waste

generation etc should be f or the life

of the mine/ lease period.

The EIA study has been carried out for 10 km radius

zone from the periphery of ML area. All the data e.g.

production ar e incorporated i n E IA/EMP reports in

Chapter -II. The topographical map showing the 10 km

study area is attached at the end of Chapter-II.

It is a river bed sa nd mining project and no waste wi ll

be generated.

6 Land use o f the s tudy ar ea

delineating f orest area, agr icultural

land, grazing land, wildlife

sanctuary and na tional par k,

migratory r outes o f fauna, w ater

bodies, hum an se ttlements and

other ecological features.

The l anduse de tails are di scussed i n Chapter III, the

landuse map is attached at the end of chapter.

7 Land use pl an of t he m ine l ease

area sh ould be pr epared t o

Total lease area is 32.21 ha and t hrough pre-

operational, operational and post operational stages it


Page 6/I

encompass preoperational,

operational and post operational

phases.

remains a floodplain.

8 Impact of the project on the wildlife

in t he su rrounding and any ot her

protected ar ea a nd acco rdingly

detailed m itigation measures

required should be worked out with

cost implications.

Details regarding wildlife & protected areas and

mitigative m easures are m entioned i n para 3 of

Chapter III and in Chapter IV.

9 The vegetation in t he RF/PF in the

study area, if any.

A detailed study is given in Chapter III.

10 A study shall be got done to

ascertain the i mpact o f t he m ining

project on w ildlife o f t he a rea

including on t he el ephant

population.

Details regarding wildlife & protected areas and

mitigative measures are mentioned in Chapter III and

Chapter IV.

11 Location of N ational P arks,

Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves,

Wildlife Corridors, T iger/Elephant

Reserves ( existing as well as

proposed) within 10 KM of the mine

lease should be cl early indicated. A

location m ap dul y authenticated by

Chief W ildlife W arden should be

provided i n t his regard. Necessary

clearance from t he C hief Wildlife

Warden for operating the mine

within 10 K M of t he N ational

Park/Sanctuary, i f any , sh ould al so

be obtained and furnished.

There i s no N ational Park, S anctuary, B iosphere

Reserve, W ildlife Corridor, Tiger/Elephant Reserve

(existing as well as proposed) within 10 km radius of

the mine lease.

12 A detailed biological study for the

study ar ea [ core z one and bu ffer

zone (10 KM radius of the periphery

A detailed biological study is given in Chapter III.


Page 7/I

of t he mine l ease)] i ncluding t he

aquatic fauna in the riverine system

shall be carried out. Details of flora

and fauna, duly authenticated,

separately for core and buffer zone

should be furnished bas ed on field

survey c learly indicating t he

Schedule of t he fauna present. I n

case o f any sch eduled-I f auna

found in the study area, the

necessary plan for their

conservation should be prepared in

consultation w ith S tate For est and

Wildlife D epartment a nd det ails

furnished. N ecessary al location of

funds for i mplementing t he sa me

should be m ade as part o f t he

project cost.

13 Impact o f t he pr oject on l and use

including ch ange o f r iver co urse, i f

any should be given.

No changes are an ticipated in river course. The f low

of t he r iver depends on t he dy namics of va rious

parameters involved. Sediment deposition is also one

of the parameter. These sediments are deposi ted in

the m ain s tream ch annel bed and al ong the b anks.

Extraction o f deposi ted se diment w ill he lp i n

maintaining t he co urse o f t he r iver. The det ails ar e

covered in Chapter IV.

14 Impact on t opography, dr ainage,

agricultural fields, w ildlife, w ater

logging l eading to w ater borne

diseases, i f any . I t may al so b e

shown whether i t w ill l ead t o

change of water course of the river.

Modeling ex ercise sh ould al so b e

carried out through an expert

agency to show the change in r iver

The impacts have been described in Chapter IV.


Page 8/I

flow dynamics, if any.

15 Collection of one season (non-

monsoon) primary baseline data on

ambient air q uality (PM10, S O2,

and NOx), water quality, noise level,

soil and f lora and f auna. S ite-

specific meteorological dat a sh ould

also be co llected. The location o f

the m onitoring st ations sh ould be

justified. Da te w ise collected

baseline AAQ data should form part

of E IA and E MP r eport. The

mineralogical co mposition o f P M10

particularly for free si lica should be

given. There should be at least one

AAQ m onitoring s tation w ithin 500

m of the mine lease in the pre-

dominant downwind direction.

Baseline data on ambient air quality, water qual ity,

noise level, soil and flora and fauna have been

collected. Site-specific meteorological data have been

collected for non monsoon season from March, 2011

to May, 2011. (Chapter III of EIA report)

Date w ise base line data co llected i s given in

Annexure-II.

The co mposition o f free silica in P M10

Source: GRC India Training & Analytical Laboratory.

is shown in

Chapter III

16 Air q uality m odeling should be

carried ou t for pr ediction of impact

of t he pr oject on t he ai r q uality o f

the ar ea. It sh ould al so t ake i nto

account the impact of movement of

vehicles for transportation o f

mineral. The de tails of t he m odel

used and input parameters used for

modeling sh ould be pr ovided. T he

air quality co ntours may be sh own

on a l ocation map clearly indicating

the location of the site, location of

sensitive r eceptors, i f a ny and t he

habitation. The wind roses showing

pre-dominant wind direction may

also be indicated on the map.

Air q uality m odeling has been ca rried out f or

prediction of impact due to proposed project act ivities

on t he pr esent ai r q uality of t he a rea as shown in

Chapter IV.

The Windrose diagram indicating predominant wind

direction i s shown i n Figure 3. 1 of E IA r eport. T he

required details are given in Chapter -III.


Page 9/I

17 The w ater r equirement for the

project, its availability and source to

be furnished. A detailed water

balance sh ould al so b e provided.

Fresh w ater r equirement for t he

project should also be indicated.

The water requirement for the project is 2.28 KLD

which i ncludes bot h f or dust su ppression an d for

drinking purpose.

18 Necessary clearance f rom t he

Competent A uthority for dr awl of

requisite q uantity of water f or t he

project should be provided.

NOC for drawl of water from the Gram Panchayat has

been obtained and enclosed as an Annexure-VI.

19 Impact of the project on the water

quality should be assessed and

necessary sa feguard measures, i f

any required should be provided.

The p roposed mining will not i ntercept t he ground

water t able. N o f oreign m aterials would be add ed t o

surface water due to mining and hence no water

pollution is predicted.

The detailed impact and control measure w.r.t. the

quality o f water i n the surrounding a rea i s discussed

under Chapter IV,

20 Information on si te el evation,

working depth, g roundwater table

should be pr ovided bot h i n A MSL

and bg l. A schematic diagram may

also be provided for the same.

site elevation Highest- 242 m AMSL

Lowest- 235 m AMSL

working depth 3 m bgl

groundwater table

pre-monsoon

8-15 m bgl

groundwater table

post monsoon

5-10 m bgl

21 Quantity o f so lid w aste g eneration,

if any, to be estimated and details

for its disposal and management be

provided.

No solid waste will be generated.

22 Impact on local transport

infrastructure due t o t he project,

Projected increase in truck traffic as

a result of the project in the present

Vehicular Traffic Density

The co nnecting r oad from t he m ine t o N ational

Highway No . 1 is 10m. This will be reinforced to

facilitate easy and sm ooth m ovement o f heav y duty


Page 10/I

road net work ( including t hose

outside t he pr oject area) and

whether it is capable of handling the

increased l oad. A rrangement for

improving the infrastructure, if

contemplated including action to be

taken by ot her a gencies such as

State Government, if any, should be

covered.

trucks.

On t his Highway 20 t rucks/trolleys ply r egularly and

this can easily accommodate additional 42 PCU per

hour as anticipated for the project.

23 Details of the infrastructure facilities

to be provided for the mine workers.

The si te se rvices like r est shelter, first ai d box ,

drinking water facilities will be provided to workers at

the mine site.

24 Phase-wise pl an of gr eenbelt

development, pl antation and

compensatory a fforestation cl early

indicating t he a rea t o be co vered

under plantation and the species to

be planted.

Plantation will be done a long the road sides and near

civic amenities, which will be al lotted by Government

bodies as it is not feasible to plant trees near the mine

lease area.

25 Occupational health impact of

project sh ould be ant icipated and

prevention m easures i nitiated.

Details in t his regard sh ould be

provided.

The details of Occupational health impact are given in

Chapter VI.

All safety measures prescribed under mining laws will

be followed. All workers will be medically examined in

pre-placement phase and al so per iodically, as per

Rule 29 ( A) and ( B) of M ines Rule 1955 Medical

Examination of Persons Employed or to be employed.

26 Occupational health impact of

project. D etails of p re-placement

medical examination and per iodical

medical examination schedules and

medical facilities proposed to be

provided sh ould be i ncorporated i n

the EMP.

All safety measures prescribed under mining laws as

applicable for the project will be followed. All workers

will be m edically examined i nitially and also

periodically as per Rule 29 ( A) and (B) of Mines Rule

1955- Medical Examination of Persons Employed or to

be employed.


Page 11/I

27 Measures of socio economic

influence to the local community

proposed to be p rovided by project

proponent. As far as possible,

quantitative dimension to be given.

Measures of so cio-economic influence t o t he l ocal

community have been furnished and described under

Chapter VI

• The activity creates employment for local persons

directly and indirectly depending upon their skill.

• Development activities will be taken up in

consultation with local bodies.

• Education, safety and health campaigns will be

carried out in nearby villages. Initial and Periodical

medical ex amination / checking of w orkers w ill be

carried out as per requirement under Mines Rules,

1955.

28 Detailed en vironmental

management plan to mitigate the

environmental i mpacts. S pecific

safeguard m easures to control

PM10 as well as pollution due to

transportation should be given.

Detailed Environmental Management Plan is

discussed under Chapter VIII. The pr oposed p roject

provides for m easures to co ntrol P M10 during

transportation; like covering the vehicles with

tarpaulin, w etting o f sa nd i f need be , r egular water

spray on road, occasional scraping of the road to keep

it levelled to prevent spillage of sand from moving

vehicles and ward off any stagnating dust on road to

the sides.

29 Public hearing points raised and

commitment o f the pr oject

proponent on the same along with

time bound act ion pl an t o

implement the same should b e

provided.

Issues raised i n t he P ublic H earing and t heir

compliance is attached as Annexure-III .The extract of

salient features of the PH are detailed in Chapter VI.

30 Details of l itigation pend ing against

the pr oject, i f any, w ith direction/

order pa ssed by any C ourt o f Law

against the project should be given.

There is no litigation with this project.

31 The cost of the project (capital cost

and r ecurring co st) as well as the

cost t owards implementation o f

Detailed E nvironmental M anagement P lan co st i s

discussed under Chapter VIII.


Page 12/I

EMP should clearly be spelt out.

II. Besides the above, the below mentioned general points will also to be followed:-

a All docu ments to be properly r eferenced w ith

index, pag e num bers and co ntinuous page

numbering.

Complied.

b Where data are presented in the report especially

in t ables, t he per iod i n which t he dat a were

collected and the sources should be indicated.

Complied whenever applicable.

c Where t he do cuments pr ovided i n a language

other t han E nglish, an English t ranslation sh ould

be provided.

Complied.

d The q uestionnaire f or environmental appraisal of

mining pr ojects as devised ear lier by the m inistry

shall also be filled and submitted.

The completed questionnaire is

attached as Appendix.

e Approved mine pl an along w ith co py of t he

approval letter for the proposed capacity should

also be submitted.

The A pproval l etter i s attached as

Annexure IV .

f While preparing the EIA report, the instructions for

the proponents and instructions for the consultants

issued by MoEF vide O .M. N o. J -11013/41/2006-

IA.II(I) dated 4th

The E IA r eport has been prepared

complying w ith t he ci rculars issued by

MoEF vide O.M. No. J-11013/41/2006-

IA.II (I) dated 4 August , 2009, which are available

on the website of this ministry should also be

followed.

th August, 2009.

III. The EIA report should also include surface plan of the

area i ndication co ntours of main t opographic features,

drainage and mining area.

Complied.

(The su rface pl an i s at tached as

Annexure I)

*******

Project Name: Kadiana Sand Mine, Punjab Final EIA/EMP Chapter -II: Project Description

Page 1/II

CHAPTER-II

PROJECT DESCRIPTION INDEX


2.0 GENERAL 2/II

2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 2/II

2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT 2/II

2.3 LOCATION DETAILS 2/II

2.4 LEASE HOLD AREA 3/II

2.5 GEOLOGY 3/II

2.6 RESERVES 3/II

2.7 MINING 4/II

2.8 GENERAL FEATURES 7/II


Page 2/II

2.0 GENERAL The Environmental Impact Assessment report has been prepared in terms of EIA notification of the

MoEF dated 14-9-2006, and the EIA Guideline Manual for Mining of Minerals (Feb, 2010) of MoEF,

Govt. of India, for seeking environmental clearance for mining in the existing area of sand mining

lease measuring 32.21 hectares falling under category “B”.

2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

As per the approved m ining plan, it is proposed extract sand. The estimated project cost is Rs

260.90 l acs. The GM-cum-Mining O fficer has applied for mining l ease i n t he nam e o f sand m ine

over an area of 32.21 ha at Village: Kadiana Taluka: Phillaur, District: Jalandhar, Punjab.

The mining plan of Sand Mine is approved by the competent authority. The proposed production of

the mine is 2, 89,890 Tonnes per year.

2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT

The river ca rries with i t hu ge quantity o f se diment consisting of st ones and sand during ev ery

monsoon. The sediment in the form of river bed material (RBM) deposited from the time immemorial

had changed the shape of the river bed from a mere valley to a raised land. Because of this, every

year during the monsoon, heavy and de vastating floods damage large tracts of land lying on bot h

the banks of the river. Hence, it is necessary to remove the materials so that the river gets

channelized.

2.3 LOCATION DETAILS The mining area i s located i n V illage: Kadiana, District:Jalandhar, Punjab. T he m ining lease /

proposed pr oject ar ea falls in S urvey of I ndia Topo-sheet N o 44M/16. The m ine l ease ar ea i s

located between:

Latitude 31°0'30.63"N to 31°0'49.95"N and

Longitude 75°52'19.52"E to 75°53'2.81"E

Nearest Railway Station Ladhowal Railway Station (about 8 km in SW direction)

Nearest Airport Ludhiana Airport (about 18 km in SSE direction)

Nearest Highway NH-1 (about 7km in SW direction)

A 10 km radius buffer map is attached in the end of this chapter.


Page 3/II

2.4 LEASE HOLD AREA The entire lease hold area of 32.21 ha lies in the river bed of Satluj. The breakup of the land use for

ancillary feature around the mining area is given below: -

S. No. Land type Area in ha

1. Govt. waste land -

2. Agriculture land -

3. Grazing land -

4. Forest land -

5. Others (river bed of Satluj) 32.21

Total 32.21 2.5 GEOLOGY Geomorphology and soils

The district forms a part of Beas sub basin of Indus basin. The district is part of the bits doab tract,

which i s interring al luvial pl ain bet ween Beas and Satluj River. P hysiographical the di strict i s

characterized by two distinct features i.e. vast upland plain and Satluj floodplain. The width of the

floodplain v aries according t o the am ount o f s hift ex perienced by t he r iver. I t i s widest i n t he

Nakodar Tehsil. The district is mainly drained by the river Satluj and its tributaries east (white) and

west (black).

Jalandhar di strict has two t ypes of so ils tropical ar id br own and ar id brown so ils. T ropical br own

soils are f ound on the m ajor par t o f t he di strict w hereas arid br own so ils are f ound i n t he

southwestern part of the district especially in Lohian and part of Shahtok block. Along the river Satluj

fluent type of soil is found.

2.6 RESERVES As much of the lease area is covered with water catchment area only the middle area is considered

for reserve estimation. The sand which is exposed in all the three dimensions (3.0m on an average)

is considered as proved. From the field trials conducted in the sector and information gathered from

the applicant, the bulk density is found to be 1.8 t/cum.

Category wise updated reserves with grade is as follows:

Category wise updated reserves with grade are as follows:

Category Total (in Tonnes) UNFC Code

Proved 8,69,670 tonnes 111


Page 4/II

2.7 MINING Sand Mining The salient features of sand mining method are:

Mining of sand is proposed to be carried out by the excavators. The mining involve following steps-

I. River Bed Mining activities do not involve top soil.

II. Excavation of sand is done by excavators.

III. Drilling and blasting is not require

Working Depth (below ground level) The deposits occur in the middle/bottom of the river. During the entire lease period, the deposit will

be worked from the top su rface to 3 m bgl. The ul timate dept h o f t he open cast pi ts will be 3 m

below ground level.

Process: Refer to Figure 2.1; mining will be started at the centre of cross section of the river bed from the

farthest downstream end, m oving upst ream and t o t he si des alternating i n 3 st eps of 1 m dep th

each.


Page 5/II

Fig. 2.1 Mining Process

Annual sediment deposition at the place of mining: This is accomplished by taking the converted dimensionless ratio flow-duration curve and

multiplying increments/duration of time in days by the sediment yield associated with that flow. The

computations for total annual suspended and bed load sediment yield are given below:

Sediment yield:

Formula

For Q < 2 in:

S = 1280 Q 0.46 [1.43-0.26 log (A)]


Page 6/II

For Q > 2 in:

S = 1965 e -0.055Q [1.43-0.26 log (A)]

Here:

Q (in) = Mean Annual run off =156.63 mm

= 6.17 in

A (mi2) = Catchment area= 23,815.09 km2

= 9195.06 mi2

Sediment yield S= (tons/yr)

S= 1965 e-0.055x6.17

• The mining should be prohibited to distance of 500 m on upstream and downstream from the

high level bridge and 250 m form the other bridges on upstream and down stream

[1.43 - 0.26 log (9195.06)] S = 11, 07,812.51 tonnes/year

Thus, 11, 07,812.51 tonnes/year sediment will be regenerated every year in the catchment area

increasing the mineable reserves.

Restriction of mining:

• If width of the river is less than 120 m the mining will be restricted within the bed of river. If

higher t han 120 m t he mining w ill be r estricted af ter l eaving t he ar ea of 30 m from t he ed ge of

embankment on either side of the river bed.

• The mining will not be allowed below the water table.

• No mining operation will be allowed in forest area.

• Unless benches are formed in accordance w ith r egulation 106 o f Metalliferrous Mine

Regulations, 1961, the max. permissible depth of the quarry pit will be 3 m.

• The contractors will abide by various provisions laid down under Mines Act, 1952, Mines &

Minerals (Regulation and Development) Act, 1957, Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, MMR, 1961.

• The contractor will abide by the provisions of Mines Act, 1952, Interstate Migrant Workman

Act. The co ntractor w ith t he sa tisfaction o f co mpetent au thority w ill pr ovide dr inking w ater, r est

shelter, first aid box, welfare facilities as per Central and State Govt. labor laws

• The contractor will not do any quarry operations within the distance of 75m from railway line,

60m from national highway and 50m from reservoir tank, canal roads, public works or buildings and

in-habitat sites etc.

• The river bed areas dug during one season i.e. other than rainy season will get refilled Sand

deposit in rainy season in which the material so deposited will be available for fresh quarrying.

• The contractors will abide by the State Minor Mineral Concession Rules, Punjab,1964.


Page 7/II

Details of Machinery (per day)

1 Dumper/truck 54

2 Excavator 5

2.8 GENERAL FEATURES Topography The proposed area is a r iver bed which is undulating. The di fference of t he highest & the lowest

elevation of the area is about 6 to 7 meter. The surrounding area is devoid of any thick vegetation

except for patched agricultural lands.

Surface Drainage Pattern It is a river bed mining project. The total lease area is located in the Satluj river catchment/water

shed area.

Vehicular Traffic Density The connecting road from the mine to National Highway No.1 is 10 m wide. These may be

reinforced to facilitate easy and smooth movement of heavy duty trucks.

The National H ighway has traffic densi ty o f 2 0 t rucks per hou r. O n t hese H ighway 20 t onnes

trucks/trolleys ply regularly and these will easily accommodate addition 7 trucks/trolleys per hour. Township Since t his mining is intermittent and l abour e mployed would be mostly from adjoining areas, no

colony is proposed.

Power, Water Supply and other Infrastructure requirement Power All t he act ivities will be ca rried out by se mi-mechanized m ethod i.e. loading the

trucks/trolley/carrying v ehicles manually by t he w orking peopl e, ex cavators will be use d for

excavation. There is no power requirement for the project because excavators will run on diesel.

Water Supply In the river bed mining projects there is as such no need of water to carry out operations, except for

dust suppression. The number of working people is 12 so the water requirement for workers will be

around 1.0 KLD & the total water requirement will be around 2.28 KLD. This water will be supplied

from the nearby area.

Daily Water Demand 2.28 KLD.

Domestic use 1.00 KLD

Dust suppression 1.28 KLD


Page 8/II

Infrastructure: The site services like rest room shelter, first aid box, drinking water & facilities will be provided to

workers at the mine site.

Manpower Requirement: The m anpower r equirement for t he pr oposed pr oject w ill be ar ound 12. This does not i nclude

manpower required for transportation and unloading of Sand in dumpers/trucks/trolleys but includes

the m anpower r equired for l oading t he v ehicles through ex cavators. I t al so does not i nclude t he

unskilled manpower in case the entire loading of vehicles is resorted through manual labour.

Manpower requirement

**************

S. No.

Category Numbers

1. Administrative 1

2. Supervisory 2

3. Skilled 3

4 Semi skilled 3

5 Unskilled 3

TOTAL 12

Project Name: Kadiana Sand Mine, Punjab Final EIA/EMP-Chapter – III Description of Environment

CHAPTER-III

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

INDEX


3.0 INTRODUCTION 2/III

3.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT 2/III

3.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 4/III

3.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT 7/III

3.3 (a) GROUND WATER 7/III

3.3 (b) SURFACE WATER 12/III

3.4 SOIL ENVIRONMENT 16/III

3.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 18/III

3.6 TRAFFFIC STUDY 20/III

3.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 20/III


3.0 INTRODUCTION This section co ntains the descr iption of base line st udies of t he area w ithin 10 K m radius

surrounding the Kadiana S and Mine, Jalandhar, Punjab. The st udy w as undertaken for

prevailing environment in respect of land, air, water (both ground and surface), soil, noise,

biological ( both flora and f auna). The dat a co llected has been use d t o under stand t he

existing env ironment sce nario around t he pr oposed m ining pr oject ag ainst w hich t he

potential impacts of the proposed project can be assessed.

3.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT This section i ncludes the st udy o f na tural features like topography, climate etc. Land use/

Land cover map.

Topography The proposed area is a r iver bed w hich i s undulating. The di fference of t he highest & the

lowest elevation of the area is about 6 to 7 meter. The su rrounding area is devoid of any

thick vegetation except for patched agricultural lands.

Climate: The cl imatic conditions are Semi-arid. The maximum and minimum temperature dur ing the

year varies from 37 0C in summer to 7 0

Land use / Land cover statistics of project study area

C in winter on the basis of past years observations.

The average rainfall in the area is 677 mm per year. Solar radiations are available for about

nine months per year. Average humidity is 40 %.

The land use of the study area is tabulated below:

Serial No.

Description Area in Hectares

Percentage share in

total area

1 Open/Wasteland 1143.38 3.35

2 Agriculture 28666.17 83.86

3 River 217.46 0.61

4 Settlement 2785.5 8.11

5 Vegetation 1368.92 4.00

Total 34181.43 100 The 10 km radius land use map is attached in the end of this section.


3.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT Selection of Air Quality Monitoring Stations Ambient air quality monitoring stations were selected primarily on the basis of surface

influence, dem ographic influence and m eteorological i nfluence. From t he meteorological

data already available at the near-most site the frequency and duration of wind is preliminary

determined, from which the likely wind rose diagram is first drawn. Three monitoring stations

are selected in the direction of the most predominant wind direction; one in the leeward

(downwind) side , one closer to the project site and one i n the windward (upwind)side. Two

more stations are selected across this direction.

24 hourly monitoring was carried out for SO2, NO2 & PM10

twice a week at each station for a

study period of 3 months (March’11, April’11 and May’11)

Wind rose diagram

Figure 3.1: Wind Rose Diagram Observations: The prominent seasonal wind direction is NW & W contributing more than / approximately 25

% of the total.


Methods for monitoring The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has published comprehensive document on

emission t esting r egulations (“Emission R egulations Part-3, 1985”). T hose procedures

relevant to the particulate monitoring are summarized in Table 3.2:

Table 3.2: Methods adopted for PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOX (as NO2

Parameters

)

Technique Technical Protocol

Minimum Detectable Limit

PM Gravimetric method 2.5 US EPA Method

5 (µg/m3)

PM Gravimetric method 10 IS 5182 (Part-XXIII)

5 (µg/m3)

Sulphur Dioxide West and Gaeke IS-5182 (Part-II)

3 (µg/m3)

Nitrogen Oxide Jacob & Hochheiser IS-5182 (Part-VI)

7 (µg/m3)

i. Particulate Matter (PM):- The CPCB method and IS 5182 (Part-XXIII) adopt a very similar approach t o particulate

sampling. There are some differences in the expressions used, but they are generally of no

practical significance. It is recommended that CPCB method is adapted.

ii. Equipment calibration: For accurate testing of emission sources, the components of the sampling train is calibrated

by outsource and supplier (Master Calibrator) standards and solutions are used, calibrated

under certified reference material.

The ambient air quality data were collected to find the existing emissions / conditions. The

data is given in Table No. 3.3 (ii)

Table 3.3 (i) Ambient air quality monitoring stations

S.No. Location Station name Distance and direction

from the lease area (km)

Zone (Core/ Buffer)

1. AQ1 Fatehgarh Lakha W 2.0 Buffer zone

2. AQ2 Sasrali E 0.47 Buffer zone

3. AQ3 Near Chuharwala E 0.5 Core zone

4. AQ4 Selkiana NE 3.5 Buffer zone

5. AQ5 Shujatwala S 3.8 Buffer zone


Fig.3.2 Ambient air quality monitoring at village Kadiana

Project Name: Kadiana Sand Mine, U.P. Final EIA/EMP-Chapter – III Description of Environment

Table 3.3(ii) Ambient Air Quality Status

S.No. Pollutant Location No. of observation Minimum Maximum Average 98th CPCB

Standards Percentile

1. SO(µg/m

2 3

AQ1

) 24

6.5 12.9 8.5 11.9

80.0

AQ2 7.2 15.2 10.1 14.5

AQ3 6.2 13.2 8.9 12.7

AQ4 6.6 14.5 8.8 13.4

AQ5 7.0 13.8 9.0 12.7

2. NO(µg/m

x 3

AQ1

) 24

15.3 26.4 19.3 25.7

80.0

AQ2 15.7 28.0 19.6 27.2

AQ3 13.2 23.1 17.8 22.8

AQ4 14.8 30.4 20.0 29.4

AQ5 15.5 26.3 19.7 25.9

3. PM10 (µg/m3

AQ1

) 24

63.0 83.4 72.6 92.8

100.0

AQ2 72.9 91.2 79.4 90.4

AQ3 62.6 81.0 72.0 80.7

AQ4 63.4 83.5 73.0 82.8

AQ5 64.3 85.6 74.1 84.5

4. PM2.5 (µg/m3 AQ3 ) 24 30.1 42.3 34.1 41.8 60.0

Project Name: Kadiana Sand Mine, U.P. Final EIA/EMP-Chapter – III Description of Environment

Observations: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring reveals that the minimum & maximum concentrations of PM10

for all the 5 AQ monitoring stations were found to be 62.6µg/m3 at AQ3 and 91.2µg/m3

As far as the gaseous pollutants SO

at

AQ2, respectively.

2 and NO2 are concerned, the prescribed CPCB limit of

80µg/m3 for residential and rural areas has never surpassed at any station. The maximum &

minimum concentrations of SO 2 were found to be 15.2µg/m3 at AQ2 & 6.2 µg/m3 at AQ3,

respectively. The maximum & minimum concentrations of NO2 were found to be 28.0µg/m3

at AQ2 & 13.2 µg/m3

at AQ3, respectively.

Free SiO2

Table 3.3 (iii)

:

SiO2 (µg/m3) AQ1 AQ2 AQ3 AQ4 AQ5

Minimum 1.26 1.45 1.25 1.26 1.28

Maximum 1.66 1.82 1.62 1.67 1.71

The standard for Respirable dust is 3 mg/m3

for 8 hour of working period where free silica

content should not exceed 5% as prescribed by Directorate General of Mines Safety.

Observations: The maximum & minimum concentrations of Free Silica were found to be 1.82µg/m3 at AQ2

& 1.25µg/m3

at AQ3 respectively.

3.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT 3.3 (a) Ground Water Three water samples were collected from the study area. The location of sampling points is

shown in Table 3.3 ( iv) and the physico-chemical analysis of the water samples is given in

the Table 3.3 (v).

Table 3.3 (iv) Ground water sampling locations

Station No. Location Direction Distance

(km) Project area/ study area

GW1 Fatehgarh Lakha W 2.0 Buffer zone

GW2 Near

Chuharwala E 0.5 Near Project Site

GW3 Sasrali E 4.7 Buffer zone

Project Name: Kadiana Sand Mine, Punjab Final EIA/EMP-Chapter- III Description of Environment

Table 3.3 (v) Physico-chemical properties of ground water Study Period – March 2011

S. No. Parameter Unit Limit (as per IS:10500) GW1 GW2 GW3

Desirable permissible 1 Colour Hazen 5 25 <2 <2 <2

2 Odour - Un - Un Un Un

3 Taste - Agreeable - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

4 Turbidity NTU 5 10 <1 <1 <1

5 Ph - 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation 7.45 7.62 7.31

6 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l 300 600 175 185 196

7 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 1 0.09 0.11 0.12

8 Chlorides (as Cl) mg/l 250 1000 25 30 34

9 Fluoride (as F ) mg/l 1 1.5 0.5 0.5 0.4

10 TDS mg/l 500 2000 259 290 306

11 Calcium(as Ca2+) mg/l 75 200 42 44 47

12 Magnesium (as Mg2+) mg/l 30 100 17 18 19

13 Copper (as Cu) mg/l 0.05 1.5 0.01 0.01 0.01

14 Manganese(as Mn) mg/l 0.1 0.3 <0.01 0.01 0.01

15 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l 200 400 16 18 23

16 Nitrate(as NO3) mg/l 45 No Relaxation 5 7 6

17 Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l 0.001 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

18 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l 0.001 No Relaxation <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

19 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l 0.01 No Relaxation <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

20 Selenium ( as Se ) mg/l 0.01 No Relaxation <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

21 Arsenic (as As) mg/l 0.01 No Relaxation <0.005 <0.005 <0.005

22 Cyanide (as CN ) mg/l 0.05 No Relaxation <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

23 Lead (as Pb) mg/l 0.05 No Relaxation <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

24 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 5 15 0.06 0.05 0.06

25 Anionic Detergent (as MBAS) mg/l 0.2 1 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

26 Chromium (as Cr6+) mg/l 0.05 No Relaxation <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

27 Mineral oil mg/l 0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

28 Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 200 600 135 148 155

29 Aluminium (as Al) mg/l 0.03 0.2 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02

30 Boron (as B) mg/l 1 5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

Microbiological Parameter

31 Total Coliform MPN/100ml 10 , Max - 2 4 6

32 E.coli E.coli /100ml Absent - Absent Absent Absent

Note: Un- Unobjectionable


Study Period - April 2011






5 Ph - 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation 7.26 7.34 7.21


7 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 1 0.1 0.12 0.11


9 Fluoride (as F ) mg/l 1 1.5 0.6 0.5 0.5

10 TDS mg/l 500 2000 265 302 314

11 Calcium(as Ca2+) mg/l 75 200 44 47 50


13 Copper (as Cu) mg/l 0.05 1.5 0.01 0.01 0.01

14 Manganese(as Mn) mg/l 0.1 0.3 <0.01 <0.01 0.01










24 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 5 15 0.07 0.06 0.07



27 Mineral oil mg/l 0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01



30 Boron (as B) mg/l 1 5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1






Study Period - May 2011






5 Ph - 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation 7.31 7.51 7.46


7 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 1 0.1 0.09 0.1


9 Fluoride (as F ) mg/l 1 1.5 0.6 0.7 0.7

10 TDS mg/l 500 2000 298 311 228

11 Calcium(as Ca2+) mg/l 75 200 51 49 52


13 Copper (as Cu) mg/l 0.05 1.5 0.01 0.01 <0.01

14 Manganese(as Mn) mg/l 0.1 0.3 0.01 <0.01 <0.01










24 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 5 15 0.06 0.05 0.09



27 Mineral oil mg/l 0.01 0.03 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01



30 Boron (as B) mg/l 1 5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1






Observation: Analysis of results of ground water reveals the following: -

• pH varies from 7.21 at GW3 in the month of April, 2011 to 7.51 at GW2 in the month

of May, 2011.

• Total hardness varies from 175 mg/l at GW1 in the month of March, 2011 to 218 mg/l

at GW3 in the month of May, 2011.

• Total di ssolved so lids vary f rom 228 mg/l at GW3 in t he m onth o f May, 2011 to

311mg/l at GW2 in the month of May, 2011.

Results show that t he sample f rom GW1 had m inimum amount o f TDS & T otal Hardness

and on the contrary, samples taken from GW3 have t he m aximum values for m ost o f t he

parameters.

The ground water from al l so urces r emains suitable for dr inking pu rposes as all the

constituents are w ithin t he l imits prescribed by drinking w ater st andards promulgated by

Indian Standards IS: 10500.

Fluorides and nitrates are within the permissible limits.

Fig.3.3 Ground water sampling at village Kadiana


3.3 (b) Surface Water Three surface water samples were co llected from t he s tudy ar ea. The l ocation o f su rface

water samples is given in Table 3.3 (vi). The physico-chemical analysis of these samples is

given in the Table 3.3 (vii).

Fig.3.4 Surface water sampling in the study area.

Table 3.3 (vi)



SW1 Fatehgarh Lakha 2 W Buffer zone

SW2 Site 0.0 - Project Site

SW3 Near Sasrali 4.7 E Buffer zone


Table 3.3 (vii) Physico-chemical properties of surface water (March 2011)

S. No. Parameter Unit

S.W. 1 S.W. 2 S.W. 3

Upstream Centre Downstream

1 pH - 7.62 7.54 7.69

2 Dissolved oxygen mg/l 7.8 7.5 7.2

3 BOD (3 Days at 27°C) mg/l 1 1 1

4 Free Ammonia (as N) mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1

5 Sodium Adsorption Ratio - 0.92 0.86 0.63

6 Boron mg/l 0.1 0.1 0.1

7 Conductivity µmhos/cm 242 226 265

8 Turbidity NTU 5 4 7

9 Magnesium Hardness ( as CaCO3) mg/l 26 24 32

10 Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/l 92 84 112

11 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 10 8 6

12 sulphate (as SO4) mg/l 12 14 11

13 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 1.2 1.6 1.4

14 Fluoride (as F) mg/l 0.5 0.4 0.4

15 Sodium (as Na) mg/l 18 16 14

16 Potassium (as K) mg/l 2.5 2.8 2.6

17 TKN mg/l 0.9 0.8 0.8

18 Total Phosphorous (as P) mg/l 0.26 0.25 0.29

19 COD mg/l 7 6 7

20 Phenollic compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

21 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.39 0.48 0.59

22 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01

23 Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.005 <0.005 <0.005

24 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

25 Total Coliform MPN/100ml 210 300 340

26 Faecal Coliform MPN/100ml 80 110 130


Physico-chemical properties of surface water (April 2011)

S.No. Parameter Unit

S.W. 1 S.W. 2 S.W. 3


1 pH - 7.61 7.55 7.62


3 BOD (3 Days at 27°C) mg/l 1 2 1


5 Sodium Adsorption Ratio - 0.9 0.9 1

6 Boron mg/l 0.1 0.1 0.1



9 Magnessium Hardness ( as CaCO3) mg/l 24 34 36




13 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 1.4 1.5 1.3




17 TKN mg/l 0.9 1.2 1.4


19 COD mg/l 6 10 8


21 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.53 0.46 0.62

22 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01

23 Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.005 <0.005 <0.005

24 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001




Physico-chemical properties of surface water (May 2011)

S.No. Parameter Unit S.W. 1 S.W. 2 S.W. 3


1 pH - 7.54 7.61 7.68


3 BOD (3 Days at 27°C) mg/l 1 2 2


5 Sodium Adsorption Ratio - 1.8 1.8 1.4

6 Boron mg/l 0.1 0.1 0.1



9 Magnesium Hardness ( as CaCO3) mg/l 22 26 32




13 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 1.2 1.5 1.8




17 TKN mg/l 0.9 1.1 1.3


19 COD mg/l 8 10 12


21 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.56 0.63 0.78

22 Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 0.01 0.01 0.01

23 Arsenic (as As) mg/l <0.005 <0.005 <0.005

24 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l <0.001 <0.001 <0.001




Observation: The analysis results indicate that the pH ranges between 7.54 and 7.69.

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) was observed in the range of 7.1 to 7.8 mg/l against the minimum

requirement of 4 mg/l. BOD values were observed to be in the range of 1-2 mg/l.

The chlorides and Sulphates were found to be in the range of 6 mg/l to 20 mg/l and 14mg/l to

22 mg/l respectively.

Bacteriological examination of surface water samples revealed the presence of total coliform in

range of 2700MPN/210 ml to 900 MPN/100 ml.

Based on the results it is evident that most of the parameters of the samples comply with

‘Category ‘C’ st andards of CPCB indicating t heir su itability for Drinking water source af ter

conventional treatment and disinfection.

3.4 SOIL ENVIRONMENT Soil may be defined as a thin layer of earth’s crust, medium for the growth of plants. The soil

characteristics include both phy sical and ch emical pr operties. The s oil survey and so il

samples were carried out / collected to assess the soil characteristics of the study area. Soil

samples were collected from 3 locations (project site, one upstream & one downstream side)

as shown in Table 3.3(viii) and analyzed as per CPCB norms.

The physico-chemical characteristics of these soil samples are given in Table No. 3.3(ix).

. Table No. 3.3 (viii)



SQ1 Fatehgarh Lakha 2.0 W Buffer zone

SQ2 Site - - Project Site

SQ3 Near Sasrali 4.7 E Buffer zone


Table 3.3 (ix) Physico-chemical properties of soil

S.No Parameter Unit SQ-1 SQ-2 SQ-3

1

Texture - Loam Sandy loam Sandy Clay loam

Silt % 28.1 26.78 15.56

clay % 19.27 10.56 27.41

Sand % 52.63 62.66 57.03

2 pH - 7.91 7.65 8.46

3 Electrical Conductivity µmhos/cm 246 108 157

4 Cation exchange capacity meq/100 gm 10.39 8.02 7.58

5 Potassium mg/kg 96.38 78.21 76.9

6 Sodium mg/kg 177.41 156.41 123.41

7 Calcium mg/kg 1635.8 1167.24 1203.74

8 Magnesium mg/kg 143.4 156 102.4

9 Sodium Absorption Ratio - 1.12 1.13 0.91

10 Water Holding Capacity % 24.81 20.8 22.91

11 Porosity % 50.77 58.31 54.75

12 Avl.Phosphorus (as P) mg/kg 11.7 5.8 18.4

13 Avl.Nitrogen mg/kg 61.5 24.3 88.4

14 Total Nitrogen % 0.041 0.035 0.026

15 Carbon % 1.07 0.96 1.12

16 Sulphur % 0.035 0.027 0.045

Observations: Samples collected from identified locations indicate the soil is sandy type and the pH value

ranging from 7.91 to 8.46, which shows that the soil is alkaline in nature. Potassium is found

to be from 76.9 mg/kg to 96.38 mg/kg. The water holding capacity is found between 20.8%

to 24.81%.


Fig.3.5 Soil sampling near village Kadiana

3.5 NOISE ENVIRONNENT The noise levels within the study area were recorded using Sound Level Meter and noi se

monitoring results were compared with the Ambient Noise Quality S tandard not ified under

Environment Protection Act, 1986.


Table 3.3 (x) Noise quality monitoring stations

S.No. Location Station name Distance and direction

from the lease area (km)

Zone (Core/ Buffer)

1. NQ1 Fatehgarh Lakha W 2 Buffer zone

2. NQ2 Selkiana NE 3.5 Buffer zone

3. NQ3 Site - 0.0 Core Zone

4. NQ4 Sasrali E 4.7 Buffer zone

Table No. 3.3 (xi) Noise level status

S.No. PROJECT SITE ZONE

LIMIT (as per CPCB Guidelines), dB(A)

Monitored value, dB(A)

DAY* NIGHT* DAY* NIGHT*

1 NQ1 Industrial zone 75 70 58.6 45.6

2 NQ2 Residential Zone 55 45 56.4 43.9

3 NQ3 Residential Zone 55 45 54.7 44.2

4 NQ4 Silence zone 50 40 49.1 39.3

* Day time dB(A)(6.00AM TO 10.00PM)

Night time dB(A)(10.00PM TO 6.00AM)

Results Noise m onitoring r eveals that t he m aximum & m inimum noi se l evels at day t ime were

recorded as 58.6 dB ( A) a t NQ3 & 49.1 dB(A) at NQ4, r espectively. T he m aximum &

minimum noi se l evels at ni ght time w ere found to be 45.6 dB(A) at NQ3 Village & 39.3

dB(A) at NQ4.

There are several other sources in the 10 km radius of study area, which contributes to the

local noise level of t he area. Traffic activities as well as activities in nearby villages and

agricultural fields add to the ambient noise level of the area.


3.6 THE TRAFFIC STUDY The connecting road from the mine to NH-1 is 10 m wide. This may be reinforced to facilitate

easy and smooth movement of heavy duty trucks.

During mine operation Total Capacity of mine : 2, 89,890 Tonnes per annum

No. of working days : 250 days

Truck Capacity : 20 tonnes

No. of trucks deployed : 54 trucks

Working Hours per day : 8 hours

No. of trucks deployed/hr : 7 trucks

At present the traffic load at highway is 20 trucks per hour, in particular. Due to the proposed

project there will be addition in the existing trucks having the capacity of 20 tonnes load that

is 7trucks/hr, hence the changes will be at small level and will not affect the existing

environment.

3.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Ecological Environment:

The State of Punjab can be divided physiographically in to two broad regions viz. Shivalik

Himalayan region and alluvial plain region. Satluj, Beas, Ravi and Ghagghar are four main

rivers of the State, which after traversing through Shivalik region, irrigate the plain areas and

make t hem fertile. T he S tate i s consisting o f m any f ragile eco systems of i nternational

importance and many Protected and Reserved forests. As far as the study area is concerned

it falls under the alluvial plain regions of Punjab. It mainly comprises of non-forest areas such

as agricultural land, river beds, human settlements and barren land.

Forest cover in Jalandhar district:

The recorded forest area in Punjab State is 3,058 sq km, which constitute about 6.07% of

total geographic area of the State. The Jalandhar district has only 4 km2 forest cover out of

which 2 k m2 is moderately dense f orest and 2 km 2 is open f orest. ( India S tate o f For ests

Report 2009 ). A s far as st udy ar ea i s concerned t here i s no forest a rea at al l. The ar ea

comprises of agricultural land and riverine vegetation. Due to high temperature and humidity

the ar ea comprises of tropical dr y deciduous vegetation. Wild l ife p rotected ar ea declared

protected under “Wildlife Protection Act-1972” located within 10 km radius of the proposed

mining area is nil. However the Mattwara RF, Ludhiana RF are located in t he study area.


Forest occurring in the district is typically topical dry deciduous type. The forest is dominated

by Acacia nilotica, Dalbergia sissoo, Bombax cieba etc.

Methodology for Floral & Faunal study:

Detailed survey was conducted to evaluate f loral and faunal composition of the study area.

Primary data on floral and f aunal composition was recorded during site visit and se condary

data was collected from the Forest department and published relevant literatures. Inventory

of flora and fauna is prepared on the basis of collected data. Forest type and v egetation of

the study area is discussed on the basis of plant species recorded from the area.

General vegetation of the study area:

The study area comprise of tropical dry deciduous vegetation. Several tropical elements can

be se en sca ttered i n t he ar ea. S pecies of Achyranthes, Calotropis, Lantana, Ricinus,

Ziziphus, etc. a re o f co mmon occu rrence. Tree sp ecies viz. Acaccia nilotica, Eucalyptus

umbellata, Populus deltoids, Melia azadirachta, etc. are found planted along the boundary of

the agricultural lands and along the road sides.

Ground v egetation mainly co nsists of grasses and sm all sh rubs. U seful f odder grasses,

Cynodon dactylon, Eleusine indica, Trifolium alexandrinumt, etc. can be seen growing in the

area.

The large w eeds which i nfest uncu ltivated tracts are aak (Calotropis procera), castor

(Ricinus communis), dhatura (Datura metel) and thor (Opnuntia stricta). Other abnoxious

weeds and those which appear in crops are pohli or thistle (Carthamus oxyacantha), shial

kanta (Argemone mexicana), kandyari (Solanum xanthocarpum) and bhang (Cannabis

sativa).

Flora of the Core zone: The co re z one co mprises of Satluj river bed, w here m ining

operation i s proposed. This area co nsists of riparian v egetation i n w hich aq uatic and

marshland plants are the main component. No ecologically sensitive plant species has been

reported from this area. Riparian vegetation is found along the river side. The river Satluj is

full of water throughout the year w ith g reat flow. Acacia sp . Populus ciliate and Dalbergia

sisso grows along the river bank (Fig-3.6 & 3.7).


Fig-3.6 Acacia trees and annual herbs grown

along the river bank

Fig-3.7 Scattered annual g rasses in the

mine area

Flora of the Buffer zone: Buffer zone of t he proposed project i s mainly agricultural land.

The flora of buffer zone comprises of plants growing on the edges of agricultural land, village

woodlots and t rees planted al ong t he roads. Many t ree sp ecies are planted i n t he ar ea

because of their usefulness, economic and aesthetic values. Some tree species observed in

the area are, Aam (Mangifera indica), Jamun (Syzygium cumini), Bail (Aegle marmelos),

Bakain (Melia azedarach), Bargad (Ficus bengalensis), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Peepal

(Ficus religiosa), Popular (Populas dealtoides), Safeda (Eucalyptus umbelatus), Sisam

(Dalbergia sissoo), etc.

In agricultural waste land and along the road side, growth of weeds like Argemone

mexicana, Cannabis sativa, Cenchrus cilitaris, Heteropogon contortus, Lantana camara,

Parthenium hysterosporus, etc. are very common. These weeds are affecting the agricultural

productivity of t he r egion due to fast growth, s hort l ife cy cle and enor mous production of

seeds.

Agricultural crops: The study area is surrounded by agricultural field in which many plants of

agricultural importance are cultivated. Wheat (Triticum aestivum), Rice (Oryza sativa), Maize

(Zea mays), S ugarcane ( Saccharum officinarum), Bajra ( Pennisetum glaucum), S unflower

(Helianthus annuus) are commonly grown crops of this area.

Fauna reported in Core zone:

During the faunal survey in the area no wildlife corridor or movement of animals was

recorded from proposed project area. A list of animals of the study area has been prepared

on the basis of local inquiry from the village people and from the available published

literatures. The animals thus recorded were cross checked with Wildlife Protection Act, 1972

http://www.tropicos.org/Name/25514680�

http://www.tropicos.org/Name/2700851�


for their schedule. No established habitats of any mammals or birds are noticed in river bed

and along the banks.

Fauna reported in Buffer zone:

Mammal: M any dom esticated m ammal sp ecies are r eported from bu ffer z one dur ing t he

field su rvey. Common grazing animals like Buffalo, cow, goat e tc. can be not iced i n open

grass fields. S mall m ammals like Indian pal m s quirrel (Funambulus palmarum) and f ield

mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) ar e not iced i n vicinity of v illage. I nquiry f rom v illage people

regarding wild animals reveals that monkey (Macaca silenus), Indian hare (Lepus nigricollis),

fruits bat (Pteropus conspicillatus), Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus), mongoose (Herpestes

edwardsii), jackal (Canis aureus), etc. are often seen in the area.

Avifauna: Water bi rds like Gadwall (Anas strepera), C ommon t eal ( Anas crecca), W hite

throated kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis), Pied kingfisher (Ceryle rudis), Red wattled lapwing

etc are noticed. House crow (Corvus splendens), House sparrow (Passer domesticus),

Common hi ll M yna ( Gracula religiosa), Red-rumped S wallow (Cecropis daurica), H oopoe

(Upupa epops ceylonensis) are of common occurrence. Reptile: T he r eptilians species commonly reported are Agama ( Laudakia tuberculata) in

settlement ar ea, G arden lizard (Calotes versicolor) and Eutropis macularia along sh ady

places

in agricultural field or where growth of bushes is noticed.

Table 3.4 (i) Flora of the Core zone

S. No. Species Family Habit

1. Ageratum conyzoides L. Asteraceae Herb

2. Amaranthus spinosus L. Amaranthaceae Herb

3. Calotropis procera (Aiton) R.Br. Asclepiadaceae Shrub

4. Cannabis sativa L. Canabaceae Herb

5. Cassia tora L. Caesalpinaceae Herb

6. Cenchrus ciliaris L. Poaceae Herb

7. Chenopodium album L. Chenopodiaceae Herb

8. Datura innoxia Mill. Solanaceae Shrub

9. Hydrolea zeylanica (L.) Vahl Hydrophylaceae Herb


Table 3.4 (ii) Flora of the Buffer zone

10. Ipomoea carnea Jacq. Convolvulaceae Shrub

S. No. Species Family Habit

1. Alternanthera paronychioides A.St.-

Hil.

Amaranthaceae Herb

2. Alternanthera pungens Kunth Amaranthaceae Herb

3. Amaranthus spinosus L. Amaranthaceae Herb

4. Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott Araceae Herb

5. Ageratum conyzoides L. Asteraceae Herb

6. Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir. Asteraceae Herb

7. Parthenium hysterophorus L. Asteraceae Herb

8. Cassia tora L. Caesalpinaceae Herb

9. Cannabis sativa L. Canabaceae Herb

10. Chenopodium album L. Chenopodiaceae Herb

11. Commelina benghalensis L. Commelinaceae Herb

12. Cyperus alopecuroides Rottb. Cyperaceae Herb

13. Cyperus rotundus L. Cyperaceae Herb

14. Fimbristylis aestivalis (Retz.) Vahl. Cyperaceae Herb

15. Scirpus brachyceras Hochst. ex A .

Rich.

Cyperaceae Herb

16. Argemone mexicana L. Papaveraceae Herb

17. Brachiaria ramosa (L.) Stapf. Poaceae Herb

18. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Poaceae Herb

19. Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Poaceae Herb


Willd.

20. Echinochloa colona (L.) Link Poaceae Herb

21. Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Poaceae Herb

22. Eragrostis tenella (L.) R oem. &

Schult.

Poaceae Herb

23. Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv. Poaceae Herb

24. Panicum brevifolium L Poaceae Herb

25. Saccharum spontaneum L. Poaceae Herb

26. Physalis minima L. Solanaceae Herb

27. Calotropis procera (Aiton) R.Br. Asclepiadaceae Shrub

28. Cassia occidentalis L. Caesalpinaceae Shrub

29. Croton bonplandianum Baill. Euphorbiaceae Shrub

30. Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet Malvaceae Shrub

31. Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Nyctaginaceae Shrub

32. Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. Rhamnaceae Shrub

33. Datura innoxia Mill. Solanaceae Shrub

34. Solanum virginianum L. Solanaceae Shrub

35. Lantana camara L. Verbenaceae Shrub

36. Mangifera indica L. Anacardiaceae Tree

37. Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thw. Annonaceae Tree

38. Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. Apocynaceae Tree

39. Cassia fistula L. Caesalpinaceae Tree

40. Ricinus communis L. Euphorbiaceae Tree


41. Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. Fabaceae Tree

42. Bauhinia acuminata L. Fabaceae Tree

43. Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. Fabaceae Tree

44. Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Fabaceae Tree

45. Bombax ceiba L. Malvaceae Tree

46. Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Meliaceae Tree

47. Melia azedarach L. Meliaceae Tree

48. Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile Mimosaceae Tree

49. Ficus benghalensis L. Moraceae Tree

50. Ficus religiosa L. Moraceae Tree

51. Ficus virens Dryand. Moraceae Tree

52. Morus alba L. Moraceae Tree

53. Morus australis Poir. Moraceae Tree

54. Eucalyptus umbellata Dum.Cours. Myrtaceae Tree

55. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Myrtaceae Tree

56. Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa Rutaceae Tree

57. Citrus jambhiri Lush. Rutaceae Tree

58. Populus deltoids Bartram ex

Marshall

Salicaceae Tree

59. Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Simaroubiaceae Tree


Table 3.4 (iii) Fauna of the Core zone:

S.No. Common Name Scientific Name Wildlife schedule

Avian fauna (Bird):

1. Common Myna Acridotheres tristis IV

2. House Crow Corvus splendens IV

3. Drongo Dicrurous adsimilis IV

4. Koel Eudynamys scolopacea IV

5. Sparrow Passer domesticus IV

Mammals

1 Squirrel Funambulus pennant IV

2 Rat Ratthus ratthus V

Amphibians

1 Common Indian tod Bufo melanostictus IV

2 Indian skipper frog Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis IV

3 Indian bull frog Hoplobatrachus tigerinus IV

Fishes

1 Bhangan or Bata Labio bata

2 Chappera or Palla Gudusia chapara

3 Dumra or Dhambra Labio rohita

4 Pari or Battu Notopterus notopterus

5 Theila Catla catla

Mollusca:

1 -- Bellamya benghalensis

2 -- Pila globosa

3 -- Brotia costula

4 -- Angulyara oxytropis

5 -- Lemellidens marginalis


Table 3.4 (iv) Fauna of the Buffer zone:

S. No. Common Name Scientific name Wildlife

Wild Animals (mammals)

1 Squirrel Funambulus pennant Schedule –IV

2 Rat Ratthus ratthus Schedule –V

3 Blue bull Boselaphus tragocamelus Schedule –III

Avians (Birds)

1 Common Myna Acridotheres tristis Schedule -IV

2 King fisher Halcyon smyrnensis Schedule –IV

3 Pond Heron Ardeola grayii Schedule –IV

4 Blue Rock Pigeon Columba livia Schedule -IV

5 House Crow Corvus splendens Schedule -V

6 Cuckoo Cuculus canorus Schedule -IV

7 House Sparrow Passer domesticus Schedule -IV

8 Roseringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri Schedule -IV

9 Pond Heron Ardeola grayii Schedule -IV

10 Grey Horn Bill Ocyceros birostris Schedule -IV

11 Common Babbler Turdoides caudatus Schedule –IV

12 Peacock Schedule –I Pavo cristatus

Reptiles & Amphibians

1 Common Toad Buyo melanostictus Schedule -IV

2 India bull frog Rana tigerina Schedule -IV

3 India tree frog Polypedates maculates Schedule IV

4 Skipping frog Buyo stomaticus Schedule –IV

5 Garden lizard Calotes versicolor Schedule -IV

6 House lizard Hemidactylus sp Schedule -IV

7 Rat snakes Ptyas mucosa Schedule –II

*****************

Project Name: Kadiana Sand Mine, Punjab Final EIA/EMP-Chapter – IV Anticipated Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures

Page 1/IV

CHAPTER-IV

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES INDEX


4.0 GENERAL 2/IV

4.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT 2/IV

4.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT 7/IV

4.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT 8/IV

4.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 11/IV

4.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 12/IV

4.6 TRAFFIC ANALYSIS 16/IV

4.7 STATUTORY 17/IV REQUIREMENTS

4.8 MATRIX FOR EIA 18/IV


Page 2/IV

4.0 GENERAL All development projects are likely to have an impact on the natural set up of the

environment. This impact may be beneficial or adverse, depending on the improvement or

the deterioration it brings about change in the status of air, water, land, ecology, na tural

systems, socio-cultural life styles and economics of the population. Depending on the nature

of activities and baseline environment status, the impacts are assessed for their importance.

On the basis of the impact analysis, the mitigating action and future monitoring requirement

are focused in the Environmental Management plan for countering or minimizing the

impacts.

Keeping i n mind, the e nvironmental base line s cenario as detailed i n Chapter III a nd t he

proposed mining activity described in Chapter II, i t is attempted to assess the likely impact

and i ts extent on various environmental parameters and likely mitigation measures to be

adopted.

4.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT The mining and allied activities involved in river bed mining are creation of temporary haul

roads / transportation track and formation of mined pits inside river, etc. The systematic

removal of sand will not cause bed degradation and will not affect aquatic environment.

This RBM project does not i nvolve any waste gener ation. Thus no w aste dum p si tes are

needed for the project.

IMPACT OF SAND MINING The proposed extraction of streambed materials, mining below the existing streambed, and

alteration of ch annel-bed f orm and shape l eads to se veral i mpacts such a s erosion of

channel bed and bank s, i ncrease i n ch annel sl ope, and ch ange i n ch annel m orphology.

These impacts may cause:

• Undercutting and collapse of river banks.

• Loss of adjacent land and/or structures.

• Upstream er osion as a r esult o f a n i ncrease i n ch annel sl ope and ch anges in flow

velocity.

• Downstream erosion due to increased carrying capacity of the stream

• Downstream changes in patterns of deposition.

• Changes in channel bed and habitat type.


Page 3/IV

Mitigation measures

• Since the project is mainly for sand excavation (soil deficient), no loss of top soil is

involved /anticipated.

• The RB M a ctivity will b e se mi-mechanized, m ost o f t he work i s proposed t o be do ne

manually which w ill avoid ad verse e ffects associated w ith heav y machinery /

equipments / their functioning.

• Sand mining will be restricted down to 3 m below river bed or the water table whichever

less.

• The RBM will be done in unsaturated zone, thus minimising loss to habitat.

• Dredging will not be allowed.

Sand Budget

Determining the sand budget for a particular stream reach requires site-specific topographic,

hydrologic, and hydraulic information. This information is used to determine the amount of

sand that can be removed from the area without causing undue erosion or degradation,

either at the site or at a nearby location, upstream or downstream.

In-channel or near-channel sand-and-gravel mining changes the sediment budget, and may

result i n su bstantial ch anges i n t he ch annel hy draulics. T hese i nterventions can hav e

variable ef fects on aq uatic habitat, dependi ng on t he m agnitude and f requency of the

disturbance, m ining methods, par ticle-size ch aracteristics of t he se diment, t he

characteristics of riparian vegetation, and the magnitude and frequency of hydrologic events

following the disturbance.

Temporal and spatial responses of alluvial river systems are a function of geomorphic

thresholds, feedbacks, l ags, upst ream o r dow nstream t ransmission o f disturbances, and

geologic/physiographic controls. M inimization of t he ne gative e ffects of sa nd-and-gravel

mining r equires a de tailed under standing o f the r esponse o f t he channel t o m ining

disturbances.

Decisions on where to mine, how much and ho w often require the definition of a r eference

state, i .e., a minimally acce ptable o r a greed-upon phy sical and bi ological co ndition o f t he

channel. Present understanding of alluvial systems is generally not sufficient to enable the

prediction o f ch annel r esponses quantitatively and with confidence; t herefore, r eference

states are difficult to determine. Still, a general knowledge of fluvial processes can provide

guidelines to minimize the detrimental effects of mining. Well-documented cases and related

field data are required to properly assess physical, biological, and economic tradeoffs.


Page 4/IV

Mitigation measures Quantities will b e st rictly limited so t hat sand accumulation r ates are sufficient to av oid

extended i mpacts on ch annel m orphology and i nstream habi tat. A lthough co nceptually

simple, annu al sa nd recruitment to a par ticular si te i s hi ghly v ariable and not w ell

understood.

• Flow and sediment transport for most rivers and streams is highly variable from year-to-

year, thus an annual average rate may be meaningless.

• An "annual average deposi tion rate" could bear little relation to the sediment t ransport

regimes in a river in any given year.

Mining will be done as per t he approved m ining plan from the respective State Mining

Department.

The si te se lection was done k eeping t he following points; m inor mineral r eserves, si te

specific problems like flooding, submergence crop lands / fields, need of excavation, rate

of sediment deposition etc.

RBM will be done in responsible manner.

The sand budget calculation and replenishment capacity are given in Table 4.1

a. In whole Satluj basin Table 4.1

Sand budget calculation and replenishment capacity of river

S. No.

Factors Probable Replenishment

1. Total sand budget of mine 8,69,670 Tonnes

2. River Satluj River

3. Runoff 156.63 mm or 6.17 in

4. Catchment area 23,815.09km2 or

9195.06 mi2

5. Drainage density 0.069 km-1

6. Average slope 2.51 %

7. Average rainfall 681 (mm)

8. Vegetation cover factor 0.4

9. *Sediment yield

Formula 11,07,812.51 TPA

sediment w ill b e


Page 5/IV

For Q < 2 in:

S = 1280 Q 0.46 [1.43-0.26 log (A)]

For Q > 2 in:

S = 1965 e -0.055Q [1.43-0.26 log (A)]

Here:

Q (in) = Mean Annual run off =156.63 mm

= 6.17 in

A (mi2) = Catchment area= 23,815.09 km2

= 9195.06 mi2

Sediment yield S= (tons/yr)

S= 1965 e-0.055x6.17

regenerated ev ery year

increasing the mineable

reserves.

[1.43 - 0.26 log (9195.06)] S = 11,07,812.51 tons/year

*source:- Calculation of sediment yield by the Dendy-

Bolton formula

Stability of Structures

Excessive and unscientific Sand mining of instream channels may damage public and

private property. Channel incision caused by mining may undermine bridge piers and expose

buried pipelines and other infrastructure.

The bed degradation caused by Riverbed mining:

(1) Pit excavation

(2) Bar skimming

Bed degradation (channel incision), occurs through two primary processes:

(1) Head cutting

(2)"hungry" water.

Headcutting mobilizes substantial quantities of streambed sediments which are then transported downstream to deposit in the excavated area and locations further downstream. In gr avel-rich st reams, effects on downstream of m ining si tes may be short-lived w hen mining ends , beca use t he bal ance bet ween se diment i nput and t ransport a t a si te ca n reestablish i tself relatively quickly. Effects in gravel-poor st reams may develop rapidly and persist for many y ears after m ining has finished. R egardless of do wnstream e ffects, headcutting in both gravel-rich and gravel-poor streams remains a major concern. Headcuts often move long distances upstream and into tributaries, in some watersheds moving as far as the headwaters or until halted by geologic controls or man-made structures.


Page 6/IV

A se cond f orm o f bed deg radation occu rs when m ineral ex traction increases the flow capacity of t he channel. A pi t excavation locally increases flow depth and a bar skimming operation i ncreases flow w idth. Both conditions produce slower stream f low velocities and lower flow energies, causing sediments arriving from upstream to deposit at the mining site. As stream flow moves beyond the site and flow energies increase in response to the "normal" channel form downstream, the amount of transported sediment leaving the site is now less than t he se diment ca rrying ca pacity o f t he flow. T his sediment-deficient f low or "hungry" w ater pi cks up m ore s ediment from the st ream r each bel ow t he m ining si te, furthering the bed degradation process. This condition continues until the equilibrium between input and output of sediments at the site is reestablished. A si milar ef fect occu rs bel ow dam s, which t rap se diment and r elease " hungry" w ater downstream, where channel incision usually ensues. Riverbed mineral excavation downstream of dams compounds this problem. Although other factors such as levees, bank protection, and al tered flow regimes also promote channel incision, mineral extraction rates in many streams are often orders-of-magnitude in excess of sediment supply from the watershed, suggesting that extraction is largely responsible for observed channel changes. Susceptibility to hungry-water effects would depend on the rate of extraction relative to the rate of replenishment. Gravel-poor streams would be most susceptible to disturbance. Channel i ncision not on ly causes vertical i nstability in t he ch annel be d, but al so ca uses lateral i nstability i n t he f orm o f acce lerated s tream ban k e rosion and channel w idening. Incision i ncreases stream ban k hei ghts, resulting i n b ank failure w hen t he m echanical properties of the bank material cannot sustain the material weight. Channel widening causes shallowing of the streambed as deep pools fill with gravel and ot her sediments. Shallowing and widening of t he ch annel al so increases stream t emperature ex tremes, and ch annel instability i ncreases transport o f se diments downstream. M ining-induced bed deg radation and ot her ch annel ch anges may not dev elop f or se veral y ears until m ajor ch annel-adjustment flows occur, and adjustments may continue long after extraction has ended. Mitigation measures Head cutting will not be allowed.

Sand mining will be restricted up to 3 m below bed / water table whichever is lesser.

The RBM will be done in unsaturated zone.

No m ining w ill be done near to i mportant st ructure l ike b ridges, dam and ot hers t o

prevent bar skimming.


Page 7/IV

No mining will be done nearby the dam and important structure to prevent hungry water

problems.

Mining will not exceed beyond the magnitude.

4.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT

Damage i n t he w ater body, depends on i ts assimilative ca pacity. T o find out assi milative

capacity of receiving water body, water samples were collected from different groundwater

and surface water sources.

Mining of sand from within or near a streambed has a direct impact on the stream’s physical

habitat ch aracteristics. These ch aracteristics include g eometry, bed eva luation, su bstrate

composition and stability, in stream roughness elements, depth, velocity, turbidity, sediment

transport, stream discharge and temperature. Altering these habitat characteristics can have

deleterious impacts on both in stream biota and associated riparian habitat.

The detrimental e ffects, i f any , to bi ota resulting from bed material m ining ar e ca used by

three main processes:

i. alteration of flow patterns resulting from modification of the river bed

ii. an excess of suspended sediment

iii. damage to riparian vegetation and in stream habitat

The disturbance activities can also disrupt the ecological diversity in many ways.

As the pr oject ac tivity i s ca rried o ut i n t he meandering par t o f the river bed, none o f the

project ac tivities affect the water env ironment o r r iparian habi tats. In the pr ojects, i t i s not

proposed to divert or truncate any stream. No proposal is envisaged for pumping of water

either f rom t he r iver or t apping t he ground water. I n the l ean m onths, the pr oposed sa nd

mining will not expose the base flow of the river and hence, there will not be any adverse

impact on surface hydrology and ground water regime due to this project. DIC, GoP w ill

adhere all guidelines and rules for proper and sci entific method of mining during the period

of extracting the sand.

Mitigation measures The deposits occur in the middle/bottom of the river. During the lease period, the deposit will

be worked from the top surface to 3 m bgl. The ultimate depth of the open cast pits will be 3

m below ground level or the ground water table whichever is less.


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4.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT Anticipated impacts and evaluation

Information on ai r quality was studied and v arious modeling techniques predicted that t he

mining activity is not likely to affect the air quality in a significant manner. However, loading

of sand, its transportation and unloading operations may ca use some deterioration in air

quality due to handling dry materials. In the present case, only wet materials will be handled,

thus eliminating problems of fugitive dust . Also, the collection and l ifting of minerals will be

done manually without any blasting. Therefore the dust generated is likely to be insignificant

as compared to mining processes involving drilling, blasting, mechanized loading etc.

Air Modeling

In general, mining oper ations generate su bstantial q uantities of ai rborne r espirable dust ,

which may lead to the development of respirable diseases in mine workers. The increasing

trend o f mining l eads to r elease o f hug e a mount o f dus t. These ai r bo rne dust par ticles,

generally below 100 m icron in size, are nuisance particulates and cause health hazards as

an i ll ef fect o f m ining ac tivities. Extraction act ivities like drilling, blasting, material handl ing

and transport are a potential source of air pollution. Therefore, a detailed study on emission

sources and quantification of pollutant concentration by means of dispersion modeling is

required t o access the environmental impact of a mine. On the basis of the predicted

increments to air pollutant concentrations, an effective mitigation and environmental plan can

be devised for sensitive areas. In case of river bed sand mining, as there is no blasting and

drilling activities, t he impacts may onl y be caused by m aterial handl ing and t ransportation

activities of mostly wet sand and the same are minimal.

FUGITIVE DUST- MODELING

In the present study for a Sand Mine air quality modeling was done using line source model

as published by U SEPA “ Workbook o f D ispersion M odeling” by T urner, for transportation

though roads and the empirical emission factor equations from USEPA. Emission factors to

be used in Line source Dispersion equation is adopted from formula as given below:

E= k * (1.7) * (s/12)*(S/48) * (W/2.7)0.7 * (w/4)0.5 * (365-p/365) kg/VKT

Where

E = Emission Rate (kg/VKT)


Page 9/IV

k= Particle size multiplier = (0.36)

s = Silt Content of the Road surface material (%) = 10%

S = Mean Vehicle Speed (km/hr) = 20 km/hr

W=Mean Vehicle Weight (tonnes) = 20 tonnes

w= Mean number of wheels = 8

p= Number of days with at least 0.254 mm of precipitation per year = 60

f = frequency of Vehicle movement in no per hour = 7 vehicle / hour

Thus using equation (1)

E = 1.00339 kg/VKT

E = 0.0020 g/sec/m Concentration of the fugitive dust was calculated using the empirical equations for unpaved

roads published by USEPA- AP42. The Concentration of the fugitive Dust is given below:

C = (2/π) 1/2 (E / σz υ) Exp- [(h2) / (2 σz2)] x 106 ---------------------------- (2)

Where

C = Concentration in microgram/ m3

E = Emission Rate = 0.0020 g/sec/m

υ = Wind Speed =4 m/s

h = 0m

Modeling w as done f or an i nfinite l ine so urce a ssuming unpav ed r oad. For co nservative

calculation wind was assumed to blow at a velocity of 4 m/s perpendicular to the road. The

results are given in the graph:


Page 10/IV

It is observed that the ground level concentration (GLC) decreases from 14.33µg/m3 at 100

m from the centre line of the road to 3.03µg/m3

• Water sprinkling will be done on the roads regularly. This will reduce dust emission further

by 75%.

at 500 m from the centre line of the road. The

values have been pr edicted for a d ry unpav ed r oad. These v alues are q uite l ow and

decrease fast with the increasing distance from the road.

Mitigation measures

The only air pollution sources are the road transport network of the trucks/dumpers. The dust

suppression measures like the following will be resorted:

• Care will be taken to prevent spillage by covering the carrying vehicles with tarpaulin and

sprinkling of water, if dry.

• Fortnightly scraping o f road in order t o keep the roads almost leveled. This will ensure

smooth flow of vehicles and also prevent spillage.

• Overloading will be kept under check by giving prior awareness.

• Proper Tuning of vehicles to keep the gas emissions under check.

• Plantation of t rees along t he roads to help reduce t he i mpact o f dus t i n t he nea rby

villages.


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4.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT The RBM projects are mainly not noisy as these are mainly semi-mechanized in nature.

Impact on environment At m ines, noi se i s created by m ovement o f machinery & t ransportation vehicles, et c. The

noise l evel i n t he working env ironment ar e co mpared w ith t he st andards prescribed by

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA-USA) which has been adopted and

enforced by the Govt. o f I ndia through model rules framed under Factories Act, 1980 and

CPCB 2000 norms. The summary of the permissible exposures in cases of continuous noise

as per above rules is given below:

Table 4.2 Noise impact

Total time of exposure per day in hour

Sound pressure dB(A)

Remarks

1 2 3

8.0 90 No ex posure in excess of 115

dB(A) is permissible

6.0 92 --

4.0 95 For any period of exposure

falling i n be tween any figure

and lower figure as indicated in

column (1), the per missible

sound i s to be de termined by

extrapolation or pr oportionate

scale.

3.0 97

2.0 100

1 ½ 102

1 105

¾ 107

½ 110

¼ 115

Noise at lower levels (sound pressure) is quite acceptable and does not have any bad effect

on human beings, but when it is abnormally high- it incurs some maleficent effects.

a. Mitigation measures i. On-site

a) Maintenance of Machinery: Regular m aintenance o f machinery w ill k eep t he

generated noise level below the minimum prescribed limit i.e. not exceeding 90 dB (A)

at a distance of 2 m from the machine. All machines will be as per stipulated standards

and will be used at their optimum capacity.


Page 12/IV

b) Trained Operators: Only trained operators will be allowed to oper ate machines

during mining to reduce any chance of safety failures. c) Vegetation: Plantation of trees along the bank will be done t o dampen the noise, if

possible.

d) Hearing Protection: No hearing protection is generally needed for RBM projects.

e) Phasing out the old and worn out trucks.

ii. Off-site The o ff-site receptors are not si gnificantly a ffected as noise g enerated by RBM is

insignificant b ut so me disturbances due to v ehicle m ovement may n ot be av oidable.

However the following measures have been envisaged:

a) The v ehicles will b e m aintained i n good running co ndition so t hat noi se w ill be

reduced to minimum possible level.

b) Awareness will be imparted prior to mining operations that smoke silencers remain in

a good conditions not to generate noise.

c) In addi tion, t rucks drivers will be i nstructed to m ake m inimum use o f hor ns at t he

village area.

4.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

Table 4.3 Anticipated impact and mitigation measures for biological environment:

Impact Predicted Suggestive measure

Disturbance to f ree

movement / living of

wild f auna v iz. B irds,

Reptiles etc.

• If bi rds are not iced cr ossing t he co re zone, t hey will

not be disturbed at all;

• Labourers will not be al lowed t o d iscard f ood,

polythene waste etc., which can attract animals/birds

near the core site;

• Only low polluting vehicles having PUC will be

allowed for carrying mining materials.

• Noise level will be maintained within permissible limit

(silent z one-50dB ( A) d uring day t ime o r residential

zone 55dB (A)) as per Noise Pollution (Regulation

and Control) Rules 2000, CPCB norms

Disturbance o f r iparian • The r iparian eco system or the w etlands will n ot be


Page 13/IV

ecosystem/ wetlands destroyed by the mine owners/workers.

Monitoring of upstream

and dow nstream w ater

quality

• Water quality w ill be m onitored from upst ream and

downstream ar ea t o a ssess the i mpact on w ater

quality and m ining ac tivity will be co ntrolled t o

maintain the clean water conditions.

Ecological Impacts Mining which leads to the removal of channel su bstrate, r e-suspension o f s treambed

sediment and stockpiling on the streambed, will have ecological impacts. These impacts

may hav e an ef fect on the di rect l oss of s tream r eserve habi tat, di sturbances of sp ecies

attached to streambed deposits, reduced light penetration, reduced primary production, and

reduced feeding opportunities.

For thousands of years, sand and gravel have been used in the construction of roads and

buildings. T oday, demand f or sand and gr avel continues to i ncrease. M ining oper ators, i n

conjunction w ith co gnizant r esource ag encies, m ust w ork to ensu re t hat sa nd m ining i s

conducted in a responsible manner.

Excessive and unscientific Riverbed sand mining causes the degradation of rivers. Riverbed

mining lowers the stream bottom, which may lead to bank erosion. Depletion of sand in the

streambed causes the deepening of rivers, and the enlargement of river mouths. Any volume

of sand exported from streambeds is a loss to the system.

Excessive and unsci entific Riverbed sand m ining i s a t hreat t o br idges, r iver bank s and

nearby structures. Sand mining may also affects the groundwater system and the uses that

local people make of the river.

Excessive and unscientific riverbed sand mining r esults i n the destruction of aquatic and

riparian habi tat t hrough l arge ch anges in t he channel m orphology. I mpacts include bed

degradation, bed coarsening, lowered water tables near the streambed, and channel

instability. These physical impacts cause degradation of riparian and aquatic biota and may

lead t o t he under mining of br idges and ot her st ructures. C ontinued ex traction m ay al so

cause the entire streambed to degrade to the depth of excavation.

Sand mining generates ex tra v ehicle t raffic, w hich neg atively impairs the env ironment.

Where access roads cross riparian areas, the local environment may be impacted.


Page 14/IV

Mitigation measures As the proposed mining will be carried out in a scientific manner as mentioned before, not

much si gnificant i mpact i s anticipated, how ever, t he following m itigation m easure w ill be

taken to further minimize it:

1. The activity will mainly be carried out manually to minimize associate loss, as stated

earlier.

2. No mining will be carried out in the vicinity of important structure l ike bridges, dam and

other structures if any.

3. No mining will be carried out during the rainy season to minimize impact on aquatic life.

4. As the mining site has no vegetation, no clearance of vegetation is required.

5. The mining activity will deploy a few dumpers/trucks for transportation of sand from the

mine to desired destination that may cause some loss to riparian habitat. Safe site / site

having l east i mpact w ill be se lected for transportation, al l t he vehicles employed f or

transportation purpose will be PUC certified. On closure of mining operations / during the

rainy season the eroded bank will be restored / reclaimed to minimize negative impacts.

6. No lighting will be allowed in the lease area.

7. No piling of sand will be allowed in the area.

Flora and Fauna of Riparian Habitat If sand mining is done in an unsci entific way, i.e. beyond the replenishment capacity,

riverbed m ining can have adverse e ffects at the m ine si tes. The fertile st reamside land

will be lost gradually and t he wildlife in the riparian areas may start vanishing. Degraded

stream habi tats will r esult i n l oss of f isheries productivity, bi odiversity, and r ecreational

potential. Thus the severely degraded channels may lower the aesthetic value too.

All species require specific habitat conditions to ensure long-term survival. Native species

in streams are uniquely adapted to the habitat conditions that existed before humans

began al terations. These hav e ca used m ajor habitat di sruptions that favored so me

species over others and caused overall declines in biological diversity and productivity. In

most streams and rivers, habitat quality is strongly linked to the stability of channel bed

and banks. Unstable stream channels are inhospitable to most aquatic species.

Factors that increase or decrease sediment supplies often destabilize bed and banks and

result in dramatic channel readjustments. For example, human activities that accelerate

stream ban k erosion, such as riparian forest clearing / R iverbed m ining cause stream

banks t o beco me ne t s ources of sediment t hat o ften hav e se vere co nsequences for

aquatic species. Anthropogenic activities that artificially lower stream bed elevation cause


Page 15/IV

bed i nstabilities that r esult i n a net r elease o f sediment in t he l ocal v icinity. U nstable

sediments simplify and, therefore, degrade stream habitats for many aquatic species.

The most important effects of excessive and unscientific Riverbed sand mining on aquatic

habitats are bed de gradation and se dimentation, w hich ca n hav e su bstantial neg ative

effects on aquatic life. The stability of sand-bed streams depends on a d elicate balance

between stream flow, sediment supplied from the watershed, and channel form. Mining-

induced ch anges in se diment su pply and ch annel f orm di srupt ch annel and habi tat

development processes. Furthermore, movement of unstable substrates results in

downstream sedimentation of habitats. The affected distance depends on the intensity of

mining, particles sizes, stream flows, and channel morphology.

Channel widening causes swallowing of the streambed, producing braided flow or

subsurface i ntersand flow in r iffle ar eas, hi ndering m ovement o f fishes between pool s.

Channel reaches become more uniformly shallow as deep pool s fill with sand and ot her

sediments, r educing ha bitat co mplexity, r iffle-pool st ructure, and nu mbers of l arge

predatory fishes.

All su ch i mpacts ca n be r educed by following scientific mining pr actices and m itigation

measures as restricted.

Mitigation measures Sand extraction operations will be managed to avoid or minimize damage to stream/river

banks and riparian habitats

• Sand extraction in vegetated riparian areas will be avoided.

• Undercut and incised vegetated banks will not be altered.

• Large w oody debr is i n t he r iparian z one will be l eft undi sturbed or r eplaced w hen

moved and not be burnt.

• Sand st ockpiles, ov erburden and/ or v egetative debr is will not be st ored within t he

riparian zone.

• It is essential that overburden is evenly redistributed over exposed areas as soon as

possible after the operation has been completed for faster revegetation.

• Operation and storage of heavy equipment within riparian habitat will be restricted.

• Access roads will not encroach into the riparian zones

No exotic species will be introduced by the RBM project activity & associated persons at

all.

As the mining will not be done beyond the stipulated limit, so the chances of river mouth

widening, bank widening will be negligible.


Page 16/IV

The river channel will get shallowed due to sediment deposition which will lead to

widening of the river channel and inturn cause submergence of the nearby areas. Thus,

mining in a scientific and systematic way will reduce such impending effects.

Thus there is a requirement to es tablish a stable ecosystem w ith both ecological and

economic returns. Minimization of soil erosion and dust pollution enhances the aesthetic

value of the core and the buffer zone. To achieve this, it is advised to have planned

increase i n t he a rea o f gr een co ver o f pl antation and gr een bel ts act ivities, wherever

possible. The basic objectives of plantations are as follows:

• Improvement of Soil quality,

• Quick vegetative cover to check soil erosion,

• Improvement in mining site stability,

• Conservation of biological diversity of plants, birds and animals,

• As dust receptor and dust filter, this is likely to be produced during mining.

4.6 TRAFFIC ANALYSIS

Traffic anal ysis is carried out by under standing the ex isting carrying capacity of t he r oads

near to the project site and the connecting main roads in the area. Then depending on t he

capacity of the mine, the number of trucks that will be added to the present scenario will be

compared to the carrying capacity.

Table 4.4 (i): Existing Traffic Scenario & LOS

Road V C Existing V/C Ratio LOS

Near Village Kadiana 75 300 0.25 B NH-1 intersection 126 700 0.18 A

V= Volume in PCU’s/hr & C= Capacity in PCU’s/ hr

The existing Level of Service is “B” & “A” i.e. Very good & Excellent V/C LOS Performance 0.0 - 0.2 A Excellent 0.2 - 0.4 B Very Good 0.4 - 0.6 C Good / Average / Fair 0.6 - 0.8 D Poor 0.8 - 1.0 E Very Poor


Page 17/IV

Note: Capacity as per IRC: 106-1990 page no 11 table-2 for arterial road/ Highways

During Mine operation Total Capacity of mine : 2, 89,890 Tonnes per annum

No. of working days : 250 days

Truck Capacity : 20 tonnes

No. of trucks deployed : 54 trucks

Working Hours per day : 8 hours

No. of trucks deployed/hr : 7 trucks

Increase in PCU/hr : 42

Table 4.4 (ii): Modified Traffic Scenario & LOS

Road V C Modified V/C Ratio

LOS

Near Village Kadiana 117 300 0.39 B NH-1 intersection 168 700 0.24 B

Results From the above analysis it can be seen that the V/C ratio will get modified to 0.39 and 0.24

with LO S bei ng “B” for both. So the addi tional l oad on the ca rrying ca pacity will not be

affected to a significant level.

4.7 STATUTORY

• The Mines Act, 1952

REQUIREMENTS

It is accepted that effective resource management cannot be done in isolation. The

Department therefore vigorously pursues approaches towards coordination and i ntegration

where possible, so as to lead to coordinated regulatory systems.

A regulatory system consists of both statutory and non-statutory components. In the

Sectoral-specific strategy for prospecting and mining, the Department participates within an

integrated env ironmental m anagement sy stem which i s administered i n t erms of the Acts

and Rules. Other Acts dealing with matters relating to the conservation and protection of the

environment and which a holder of a mining authorization must also take cognizance of

include inter alia, the following:

• The Mines and Mineral (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957

• Mines Rules, 1955


Page 18/IV

• Mineral Concession Rules, 1960

• Mineral Conservation and Development Rules, 1988

• State Minor Mineral Concession Rules, Punjab, 1964

• Metalliferrous Mines Regulations 1961

• Granite Conservation and Development Rule, 1999

• The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

• The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

• The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

• The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980

• The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972

4.8 MATRIX FOR EIA

Table 4.5 (i): Qualitative Matrix

Items Nature of Likely Impacts

Adverse Beneficial

ST LT R IR L ST LT SI N

Air Quality √ √

Surface Water Quality √ √ √

Ground Water * * * * * * * * *

Land Environment √ √ √

Noise √ √

Soil

Forests √

Flora & Fauna √ √ √

Agriculture √

Socio Economic √ √

ST: Short Term LT: Long Term R: Reversible IR: Irreversible

L: Local SI: Significant N: Neutral *: Negligible


Page 19/IV

Table 4.5 (ii): Quantitative Matrix

Items With Project

Without Project With EMP Without EMP

Air Quality -2 -6 -10

Surface Water Quality

-2 -4 0

Ground Water 0 0 0

Land Environment +8 -2 -10

Noise -2 -6 0

Flora +8 -2 -10

Fauna -2 -6 0

Agriculture 0 0 0

Socio Economic +8 +4 0

Total +16 -22 -30

***************

Project Name: KadianaSand Mine, Punjab. Final EIA/EMP Chapter-V: Environmental Monitoring Programme

Page 1/V

CHAPTER-V ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

INDEX


5.0 INTRODUCTION 2/V

5.1 PROPOSED SET UP 2/V

5.2 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS 3/V


Page 2/V

5.0 INTRODUCTION

Success of any post-project env ironmental m onitoring pr ogramme d epends upon the

efficiency of the organizational set up responsible for the implementation of the programme.

Regular monitoring of the various environmental parameters is also necessary to evaluate

the effectiveness of the management programme so that the necessary corrective

measures ca n be t aken i n ca se there ar e some dr awbacks i n t he pr oposed pr ogramme.

Since environmental quality parameters at work zone and surrounding areas are important

for maintaining sound operating practices of the project in line with conformity with

environmental regulations, the post project monitoring work, therefore, forms a part of EMP.

5.1 PROPOSED SET UP Keeping t he ut ility of m onitoring r esults in t he i mplementation o f t he envi ronmental

management pr ogram i n v iew, an or ganizational ch art has been p roposed, headed by

General Manager as shown in Fig. 5.1.

The said team will be responsible for:

a. Collecting w ater and air sa mples from su rrounding a rea and w ork zone

monitoring for pollutants.

b. Analyzing the water and air samples.

c. Implementing the control and protective measures.

d. Co-coordinating the env ironment r elated ac tivities within t he pr oject as w ell as

with outside agencies.

e. Collecting statistics of health of workers and population of surrounding villages.

f. Monitoring t he pr ogress of i mplementation o f env ironmental m anagement

program. Greenbelt development, etc.

The laboratory will be su itably equipped f or sampling/testing for various environmental

pollutants.


Page 3/V

Fig. 5.1 Organization for implementation of Control Measures

5.1 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS Air Quality Monitoring Air Q uality m onitoring is essential f or ev aluation of t he e ffectiveness of aba tement

programmes and to de velop appr opriate co ntrol m easures. The pr oject proponent w ill

monitor a mbient air quality in and ar ound t he pr oposed sand/moram mining project at a

frequency mentioned i n t he monitoring sch edule for v arious parameters and t ake

appropriate air pollution control measures in order to ensure that the concentration of PM10,

SO2 and NO2 are within limits.

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL

Implementation of Control Measures

Review with General Manager

Report submission and correspondence with concerned State/ Central Government

Environmental Monitoring

Environmental Officer

Head Environment

• Liaison with MOEF/SPCB • Implementation of EMP • Allotment of Daily jobs • Field visits

• Analysis of samples-Air, water, soils etc

• Environment Budgets & sanctions

• Review Implementation

Lab assistant

Senior Chemist


Page 4/V

Water Quality monitoring

Water quality monitoring involves periodical assessment of quality of surface water and the

ground water near t he mining p roject. Surface water samples will be a nalyzed f or al l t he

parameters as per EPA, 1986 and ground w ater sa mples will be a nalyzed f or al l t he

parameters as per IS-10500.

Noise Level Monitoring Noise level monitoring will be done for achieving the following objectives:

a) To compare sound levels with the values specified in noise regulations

b) To determine the need and extent of noise control measures of various noise generating

sources

Noise le vel monitoring w ill be done at t he w ork z one t o asse ss the o ccupational noi se

exposure l evels. Noise l evels will al so be m onitored at t he noi se generating sources like

mineral handl ing ar rangements, vehicle movements and also nearby v illages for s tudying

the impact due to higher noise levels for taking necessary control measures at the source.

MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS: Table 5.1 Monitoring Schedule and Parameters

S. No Description of Parameters Schedule and Duration of Monitoring

1 Air Quality: a) In the vicinity of the mine b) In the vicinity of the transportation network

24 hourly samples twice a week for one month in each season except monsoon season

2 Water Quality near or at the site: a) Surface water quality b) Ground water quality

Once a season for 4 seasons in a year

3 Ambient Noise Level Twice a year for two years & then once a year

4 Soil Quality Once in two years on project monitoring area

5 Inventory of Flora(tree plantation, survival etc) & Fauna

Once in two years on project monitoring area

6 Socio-economic condition of local, population, physical survey

Once in 3 years

*********

Project Name: KadianaSand Mine, Punjab. Final EIA/EMP Chapter –VI Additional Studies

Page 1/VI

CHAPTER-VI

ADDITIONAL STUDIES INDEX

S. No CONTENTS Page No.

6.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 2/VI

6.1 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT METHOLODOGY

2/VI

6.2 POTENTIAL HAZARD & ‘ALARP’ CONDITION 6/VI

6.3 RISK PRIORITISATION BASED ON HAZARDS 7/VI

6.4 ADDITIONAL MITIGATION MAJORS TO BRING HAZARDS UNDER “ALARP” ZONE

9/VI

6.5 NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION 10/VI

6.6 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESMENT, REHABILITATION &

RESETTLEMENT (R&R) ACTION PLAN

11/VI

6.7 SUGGESTIONS 26/VI

6.8 CONCLUSIONS 28/VI


Page 2/VI

6.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION

The pu blic consultation for this project w as held on 5th

Sh. Ram Ratan E x Panch, Village Kadiana Distt. Jalandhar.

Aug 2014. The r ecords of t he

proceedings are attached at Annexure III. The questions which were raised, the reply of

the project proponent/panel member and the action plan is given below:

The ban ks of t he r iver m ade Pucca. R oads sh ould be maintained along t he bank s of the river.

The mining sh ould be carried ou t 500 m eter from the ba nks of t he river.

What will you do for the safety and security of the personal property and of the villagers?

S. K .N S harma, r epresentative o f GRC answered that the banks of the river will made Pucca. Roads also be maintained al ong t he b anks o f the river.

S. K .N S harma, r epresentative o f GRC answ ered t hat mining w ill be carried out 500 meter from the banks of the river.

S. K .N S harma, r epresentative o f GRC answ ered t hat sa fety and security o f t he per sonal property w ill be assured.

Sh. Sukhwinder Singh, Village Kadiana Distt. Jalandhar.

Steps regarding l egal sa nd m ining are appreciable by the Govt.

Doors will be open f or unemployed villagers for employment by introducing this project.

Bandhs should be pr ovided al ong the banks of the river.

Illegal m ining has already been carried out.

How much amount should be paid to in case of personal/villager property to the villagers?

All of ficers present i n t he hear ing said thanks.

Sh. K .N S harma, answered t hat through i ntroducing t his mining project unemployed villagers gets job in their own village.

S. K.N Sharma, representative of GRC answered that the Pucca Bandhs will be provided along the bank of the river.

Sh. Surjit Singh Mining Officer, Jalandhar has told that the illegal mining will be stopped.

Sh. Surjit Singh Mining Officer, Jalandhar has told that according to mining rule the 1/3 amount of the royalty should be paid in case of personal/village property to the villagers.


Page 3/VI

Sh. Balwinder Singh, Village Kadiana Distt. Jalandhar.

Bandhs should be pr ovided al ong the banks of the river.

How much amount should be paid to in case of personal/villager property to the villagers?


S. K.N Sharma, representative of GRC answered that the Pucca Bandhs will be provided along the bank of the river.

Sh. S urjit S ingh M ining O fficer, Jalandhar has told t hat acco rding t o mining rule t he 1 /3 a mount o f the royalty sh ould be pai d i n ca se o f personal/village pr operty t o t he villagers.

Illegal mining will be stopped.

Sh. Jai Ram, Panch, Village Kadiana Distt. Jalandhar.


Streets/roads are broken by the transport o f sa nd by t he i llegal mining.

Mining is being ca rried out by heavy noise polluting machinery.

Sh. S urjit S ingh M ining O fficer, Jalandhar has told that t he i llegal mining will be stopped.

S. K .N S harma, r epresentative o f GRC answered that Streets/roads will be r epaired t ime t o time as and when required.

S. K .N S harma, r epresentative o f GRC answ ered t hat Low noi se producing machinery will be use d for mining.

Sh. Gulzar Singh, Village Kadiana Distt. Jalandhar


S. K. N Sh arma, representative o f GRC answered that Streets/roads will be r epaired t ime t o time as and when required.

Sh. Jai Ram, Village Kadiana Distt. Jalandhar


S. K .N S harma, r epresentative o f GRC answered that Streets/roads will be r epaired t ime t o time as and when required.

*The deployment o f semi-mechanised machines may have to be put t o use in case of non-

availability of labour for unforeseen reasons, to overcome the declining trend in production and

to obviate any hurdles in it, to maintain a proper balance of interests of all stakeholders and to

achieve the maximum efficiency in operations. Assuring employment for the local people will

however be one amongst the major objective.


Page 4/VI

6.1HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

A) RISK Risk concerns the de viation of one or more results of one or m ore f uture events from their

expected value.

Tolerable risk: R isk w hich is accepted i n a given c ontext bas ed on the c urrent va lues o f

society

Protective measure: The combination of risk reduction strategies taken to achieve at least the

tolerable risk. Protective measures include risk reduction by inherent safety, protective devices,

and personal protective equipment, information for use and installation and training.

Severity: Severity is used for the degree of something undesirable.

Risk Analysis: A sy stematic use of av ailable i nformation to determine how o ften specified

events may occur and the magnitude of their likely consequences.

The different steps of risk assessment procedure are as given below:

Step I: Hazard Identification

Risk related to the considered hazard

is a “function” of

Severity of the possible harm that can result from the considered hazard

PROBABILITY OF OCCURRENCE OF THE

Frequency and duration of exposure

Probability of occurrence of

hazardous event

Possibility of avoiding or

limiting the harm

https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/Result�

https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/Event_%28probability_theory%29�

https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/Expected_value�


Page 5/VI

The purpose of hazard identification is to identify and develop a list of hazards for each job in the

organization that are reasonably likely to expose people to injury, illness or disease if not

effectively controlled. Workers can then be informed of these hazards and controls put in place

to protect workers prior to them being exposed to the actual hazard.

Step II: Risk Assessment

Risk assessment is the process used to determine the likelihood that people exposed to injury,

illness or disease in the workplace arising from any situation identified during the hazard

identification process prior to consideration or implementation of control measures.

Risk occurs when a per son is exposed to a haza rd. Risk is the l ikelihood that exposure to a

hazard will lead to injury or health issues. It is a measure of probability and potential severity of

harm or loss.

Step III: Risk Control

Risk co ntrol i s the p rocess used to i dentify, de velop, i mplement and continually r eview al l

practicable m easures f or el iminating or r educing t he l ikelihood of a n i njury, illness o r

diseases in the workplace.

Step IV: Implementation of risk controls

All hazards that have been assessed should be dealt in order of priority in one or more of the

following hierarchy of controls

The most effective methods of control are:

i. Elimination of hazards

ii. Substitute something safer

iii. Use engineering/design controls

iv. Use administrative controls such as safe work procedures

v. Protect the workers i.e. By ensuring competence through supervision and training, etc.

Each measure must have a designated person and date assigned for the implementation of

controls. This ensures that all required safety measures will be completed.

Step V: Monitor and Review

Hazard identification, risk assessment and control are an on-going pr ocess. Therefore

regularly r eview t he ef fectiveness of y our haz ard asse ssment and co ntrol m easures. M ake

sure that you undertake a hazard and r isk assessment when there is change to the workplace

including w hen w ork sy stems, tools, m achinery or e quipment changes. P rovide addi tional

supervision when the new employees with reduced skill levels or knowledge are introduced to

the workplace.


Page 6/VI

B) RISK ANALYSIS

The risk assessment portion of the process involves three levels of site evaluation:

a) Initial Site Evaluation,

b) Detailed Site Evaluation,

c) Priority Site Investigations and Recommendations.

The r isk assessment c riteria used f or al l l evels o f s ite evaluation t ake i nto account t wo b asic

factors:

The existing site conditions

The level of the travelling public's exposure to those conditions.

The Initial Site Evaluation and Detailed Site Evaluation both apply weighted criteria to the

existing information and information obtained from one site visit. The Initial Site Evaluation

subdivides the initial inventory listing of sites into 5 risk assessment site groups. The Detailed Site

Evaluation risk assessment is then performed on each of the three highest risk site groups in

order of the group priority level of risk. The result of the Detailed Site Evaluation process is a

prioritized listing of the sites within each of the three highest risk site groups.

Risk analysis is done for:

Forecasting any unwanted situation

Estimating damage potential of such situation

Decision making to control such situation

Evaluating effectiveness of control measures

C) ACCEPTABLE RISK

Risk that is acceptable to regulatory agency and also to the public is called acceptable risk.

There are no formally recognized regulatory criteria for risk to personnel in the mining industry.

Individual organizations have developed criteria for employee risk and t he concepts originally

arising from chemical process industries and oil and gas industries. Because of the

uncertainties linked with probabilistic risk analysis used for quantification of the risk levels the

general g uiding pr inciple i s that the risk be r educed t o a l evel co nsidered As Low as Reasonably Practicable

a. A t olerable r egion where r isk has been sh own t o be ne gligible and co mparable w ith

everyday risks such as travel to work.

(ALARP). The risk acceptability criteria are given in following Table.

It can be seen that there are three tiers:


Page 7/VI

b. A middle level where it is shown the risk has been reduced to As Low As Reasonably

Practicable l evel and t hat further r isk reduction i s either i mpracticable or t he co st i s

grossly disproportionate to the improvement gained. This is referred as the ALARP

region.

c. An intolerable region where risk cannot be justified on any grounds. The ALARP region

is kept sufficiently extensive to allow for flexibility in decision making and allow for the

positive m anagement i nitiatives which m ay n ot be q uantifiable i n t erms of risk

reduction.

The risk acceptability criteria are given in following table:

1 Risk unacceptance and must be reduced. The actions

may i nclude eq uipments and peopl e or pr ocedural

measures. If risk cannot be reduced to ALARP level,

operating phi losophy m ust be fundamentally r eviewed

by the management.

Intolerable Region

2 Efforts must be made to reduce risk further and to as

low as reasonably practicable, without expenditure that

is grossly disproportionate to the benefit gained

ALARP Region (As Low as Reasonably

Practicable)

3 Risk level is so low as to not require actions to reduce

its magnitude further. Tolerable Region

Risk Likelihood Table for Guidance (TABLE -1)

Step 1: Assess the Likelihood Step 2: Assess the Consequences

L1 Happens every

time we operate

Almost

Certain

Common or

repeating

occurrence

C1 Fatality Catastrophic

L2 Happens regularly

(often)

Likely Known t o hav e

occurred " has

happened"

C2 Permanent

disability

Major

L3 Has happened

(occasionally)

Possible Could occu r or

"heard o f i t

happening"

C3 Medical/hospi

tal or lost time

Moderate

L4 Happens Unlikely Not lik ely t o C4 First aid or no Minor


Page 8/VI

A logical systematic process is usually followed during a qualitative risk assessment to identify

the key risk events and to assess the consequences of the events occurring and the likelihood

of their occurrence (TABLE-2)

RISK RATING:

• HIGH RISK 1-6

• MEDIUM RISK 7-15

• LOW RISK 16-25

6.2 POTENTIAL HAZARDS & ‘ALARP’ CONDITION

Mining and al lied activities are associated with several potential hazards and r isk to both the

employees and the public at large. A worker in a mine should be able to work under “ALARP”

conditions (as stated above), which ar e adeq uately sa fe and heal thy. A t t he same time the

environmental co nditions should be su ch as not t o be i mpair hi s working e fficiency. T his is

possible only when there is adequate safety in mines.

6.3 RISK PRIORITISATION BASED ON HAZARDS

irregularly (almost

never)

occur lost time

L5 Improbable

(never)

Rare Practically

impossible

C5 No injury Insignificant

Risk Rank Likelihood x Consequence

L1 Almost certain

L2 Likely

L3 Possible

L4 Unlikely

L5 Rare

C1 Catastrophic

1 2 4 7 11

C2 Major

3 5 8 12 16

C3 Moderate

6 9 13 17 20

C4 Minor

10 14 18 21 23

C5 Insignificant

15 19 22 24 25


Page 9/VI

There are various factors, which can cr eate unsa fe working conditions/hazards in m ining of

minor minerals from river bed.

The k ey risk (hazard x pr obability) ev ent rating

a) Inundation / Flooding (C1 xL3=4)

associated w ith sa nd bed m ining and t o

assess its consequences of such events occurring and the likelihood based on above Table-2

are as:-

The Risk rating of such hazards is as follows:

b) Quick Sand Condition (C2 x L3=8)

c) Drowning.(C5 xL5=25)

d) Accident due to vehicular movement.(C3 xL3=13)

e) Accident during sand loading, transporting and dumping=14.

(i.e., C4 xL2=14)

Accident during sand/mineral loading, transportation and dumping

The risk rating assigned to this activity is assigned as “14 i.e. it is likely event with minor

consequences”, as frequency o f t his operation i s more but the pr edicted/assumed

intensity(Based on experience) is less like minor cuts, abbration, fall due to river bank collapse

& falling of cattles, if not under proper supervision to bring under ALARP ZONE.

a. The minerals are loaded in the trucks using hand shovels. There is possibility of injury

in the hands during loading with shovels.

b. There is possibility that the workers standing on the other side of loading may get injury

due to over thrown sand with pebbles.

c. There is possibility of workers getting injured during opening of side covers to facilitate

loading.

d. There is possibility of riverbank collapse.

e. There are chances of f alling of ca ttle/children i nto pi ts in r iver bed by o verlooking o f

fenced area near worksite or improper supervision.

Accident due to vehicular movement

The risk rating assi gned t o this activity i s assigned a s 13 i .e., it i s possible ev ent w ith

moderate co nsequences as frequency of t his operation i s more but t he pr edicted/assumed

intensity(Based on ex perience) i s less like m inor cu ts, bodi ly i njury due t o rackless or

untrained driver. However, a strict control to be exercised to deploy trained dr ivers with valid


Page 10/VI

driving license with a h elper. A st rict supervision/control t o be ex ercised t o av oid dr unken

driving or driving by unauthorized person to bring under ALARP ZONE.

The minerals loaded in 10-12 T trucks are being sent to through public roads.

a. All possibilities of road accidents are possible due to rash driving.

b. Accident m ay al so occ ur dur ing m ovement i n t he m ine, i n ca se pathway i s not

compacted suitably or movement is at the embankment.

c. There are possibilities that due to overloading. Some pebbles or big boulder may injure

the passerby public. In case Traffic & vehicle load bearing licensed capacity is

neglected.

Inundation/Flooding

The risk rating assigned to this activity is assigned as 4(C1 xL3=4) i.e., it is only possible, if

warnings are ne glected and work s tarted w ithout asse ssment o f the r iver bed co ndition

specially during monsoon season ,the event will be catastrophic with major consequences as

frequency of this operation is possible. However the event has to be brought under ‘ALARP’

Zone by strict supervision based on river water and other metrological data.

a. The possibility of inundation/flooding of the mines are very high during monsoon or

during heavy rains as the mine area lies in the riverbed.

b. There is danger to the trucks and other machineries due to flooding.

c. There is danger to the workers working in the mines.

Inundation or flooding is expected and bene ficial for these mines as during this time only the

mineral reserve gets replenished.

Quick Sand Condition

The risk rating assigned to this activity is assigned as 8 (C2 x L3 =5) i.e., it is likely event with

major co nsequences as frequency o f t his operation i s likely but t he pr edicted/assumed

intensity (Based on experience) is major.

Hence data o f water t able must be co llected and the mining work must be abov e the water

table ( about 1 .5 m abo ve t o br ing unde r A LARP ZO NE.) to av oid dang erous condition t o

vehicles playing over sand dunes.

This condition occu rs when t he working c rosses the water t able at a ce rtain dept h and t he

permeability of the strata is very high. This condition occurs when the effective stress in the

sand becomes zero due to influx of water i.e.

i = icr = y’/yw

Where, i = Hydraulic gradient,

-;


Page 11/VI

icr = Critical Hydraulic gradient,

y’ = submerged unit weight,

yw

6.4 ADDITIONAL MITIGATION MEASURES TO BRING HAZARDS UNDER “ALARP” ZONE

= unit weight of water.

This creates danger condition to the trucks and other machineries plying over the sand dunes

on the river banks.

Drowning

The risk rating assigned t o this activity is assigned as 25 i.e., it is insignificant due to dry

season mining.

There are no possibilities of drowning in the river, since mining operations are carried out only

in the dry seasons. All mining activities will be stopped during the monsoon season.

Measures to Prevent Accidents during Loading

1. The truck should be brought to a l ower level so that the loading operation suits to the

ergonomic condition of the workers.

2. The loading should be done from one side of the truck only.

3. The workers should be provided with gloves and safety shoes during loading.

4. Opening o f t he si de co vers (pattas) sh ould be done ca refully and with w arning t o

prevent injury to the loaders.

5. Operations during daylight only.

6. No foreign material should be al lowed to remain/spill in river bed and ca tchment area,

or no pits/pockets are allowed to be filled with such material.

7. Stockpiling of harvested material on the river bank should be avoided.

Measures to Prevent Accidents during Transportation

1. All t ransportation w ithin t he main w orking sh ould be ca rried ou t di rectly under t he

supervision and control of the management.


Page 12/VI

2. The Vehicles must be maintained in good repairs and checked thoroughly at least once

a week by the competent person authorized for the purpose by the Management.

3. To avoid danger while reversing the t rackless vehicles especially at the embankment

and tipping points, all areas for reversing of lorries should as far as possible be made

man free, and.

4. A statutory provision of the fences, constant education, training etc. will go a long way

in reducing the incidents of such accidents.

5. Generally, overloading should not be permitted.

6. The truck should be covered and maintained to prevent any spillage.

7. The maximum permissible speed limit should be ensured.

8. The truck drivers should have proper driving license.

Measures to prevent Dangerous Incidents during Inundation/Flooding

Inundation o f flooding i s expected and benef icial f or these m ines as during t his time

only the mineral reserve gets replenished.

1. During monsoon months and heavy rains the mining operations are ceased.

2. There should be mechanism/warning system of heavy rains and discharges from the

upstream dams.

Measures to Prevent Quick Sand Condition

1. The only way to avoid quick sand condition is by avoiding mineral lifting below water

table.

2. The critical hydraulic gradient (icr

3. At least 0.5 m sand bed should be left in-situ while harvesting sand from riverbed.

) should be maintained at less than 1 to prevent high

artesian pressure in a coarse sand area.

Measure to Prevent Drowning

1. The mining should be done under strict supervision and only during the dry season.

2. Deep water areas must be identified.

3. No go zones should be clearly marked and made aware to the mine workers.

6.5 NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION Mining at t he concave side of t he river channel should be av oided to prevent bank erosion.

Similarly m eandering segment o f a r iver should be se lected for mining in such a w ay as to

avoid natural eroding banks and to promote mining on naturally building (aggrading) meander

components.


Page 13/VI

6.6 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT (R&R) ACTION PLAN

There i s no r esettlement or r ehabilitation i nvolved in t he pr oject bei ng on m eandering

course o f river. H owever a de tail S ocio E conomic Assessment has b een per formed,

which is given below:

Introduction

In t his se ction o f the report an at tempt ha s been m ade to as sess the i mpact o f t he

proposed river bed mining project at village Kadiana, on Socio-economic aspect of the

study ar ea. The v arious attributes that hav e been t aken i nto acco unt are popul ation

composition, e mployment generation, occu pational sh ift, house hold i ncome,

consumption pattern, ethnic issue and law & order problem.

The objectives of the socio-economic impact assessment are as follows:

a) To study the socio-economic status of the people l iving in the study area of the

proposed mining project.

b) To assess the impact of the project on socio-economic environment in the study

area.

c) To assess the impact of the project on Quality of life of the people in the study

area.

d) To evaluate the community development measures proposed to be t aken up b y

the project proponent, if any.

e) To recommend Community Development measures needs to be taken up in the

study area

Approach & Methodology

a) A mixture of both quantitative and q ualitative approach has been adopted in the

current socio-economic study.

b) The s tudy has been co nducted base d on pr imary and se condary dat a. While

primary dat a has been co llected t hrough a sa mple su rvey of s elected

households, t he se condary dat a has been co llected f rom t he ad ministrative

records of the Government of Punjab, Census 2001, district hand books and from

the Punjab government portal. c) The de tails regarding p opulation composition, number of literates, workers etc

have been collected from secondary sources and analyzed. Also village/city/town


Page 14/VI

wise details regarding amenities available in the study area have been collected

from secondary sources and analyzed.

d) Two stage sampling design has been adopted to select the sampling units. The

first stage units are census villages in the rural areas and towns/cities in urban

areas. The ultimate stage units are households in the selected villages and

towns/cities. Simple Random Sampling without Replacement (SRSWOR) has

been adopted to select the sampling units.

e) Estimation o f v arious parameters has been m ade base d on sample d ata an d

bottom top approach has been adopted.

f) On t he basi s of a pr eliminary r econnaissance survey, t wo q uestionnaires were

developed t o m ake i t su itable t o fulfill t he obj ectives of t he study. The

questionnaires contained both open ended and close ended questions

g) The dat a co llected dur ing t he abov e su rvey was anal yzed t o e valuate the

prevailing socio-economic profile of the area.

h) Based on t he abov e da ta, i mpacts due t o mining ope ration on the co mmunity

have been assessed and recommendations for improvement have been made.

Concept & Definition of terms used

a) Study Area: The study area, also known as impact area has been defined as the

sum total o f co re area and buf fer area with a r adius of 10 K ilometers from the

periphery of the co re a rea. The s tudy ar ea i ncludes all t he l and m arks both

natural and manmade, falling therein.

b) QoL: The Quality of Li fe ( QoL) r efers to degr ee t o w hich a per son enj oys the

important possi bilities of hi s/her l ife. The ‘ Possibilities’ r esult f rom t he

opportunities and l imitations, each per son ha s i n hi s/her l ife and r eflect t he

interaction o f per sonal and en vironmental f actors. E njoyment ha s two

components: the experience of satisfaction and the possession or achievement

of some characteristic.

c) Household: A group of persons who normally live together and take their meals

from a co mmon kitchen ar e ca lled a house hold. P ersons living i n a house hold

may be related or unrelated or a mix of both. However, if a group of related or

unrelated persons live in a house but do not take their meals from the common

kitchen, then they are not par t of a common household. Each su ch person is

treated as a se parate household. There may be one member households, t wo

member households or multi-member households.


Page 15/VI

d) Sex Ratio: Sex ratio is the ratio of females to males in a g iven population. I t is

expressed as 'number of females per 1000 males'.

e) Literates: All persons aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with

understanding in any language are taken as literate. It is not necessary for a

person t o hav e r eceived any formal educa tion or passe d any minimum

educational standard for being treated as literate. People who are blind but can

read in Braille are also treated as literates.

f) Literacy Rate: Literacy r ate o f popul ation i s defined as the per centage o f

literates to the total population aged 7 years and above.

g) Labour Force: The l abour f orce i s the n umber o f peopl e e mployed and

unemployed in a geographical entity. The size of the labour force is the sum total

of per sons employed and unem ployed. An une mployed per son i s defined as a

person not employed but actively seeking work. Normally, the labour force of a

country consists of everyone of working age (commencing from around 14 to 16

years) and below retirement (around 65 years) that are participating workers, that

is people act ively employed or seeking employment. People not counted under

labour force are students, retired persons, stay-at home people, people in

prisons, permanently disabled persons and discouraged workers.

h) Work: Work is defined as participation i n a ny eco nomically pr oductive activity

with or without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical

and/or mental in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes

effective supervision and direction of work. The work may be part time or full time

or unpaid work in a farm, family enterprise or in any other economic activity.

i) Worker: All persons engaged in 'work' are defined as workers. Persons who are

engaged in cu ltivation o r m ilk production even so lely f or domestic consumption

are also treated as workers. j) Main Workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference

period (i.e. 6 months or more in the case of a year) are termed as Main Workers. k) Marginal Workers: Those workers who did not work for the major par t o f the

reference period (i.e. less than 6 months) are termed as Marginal Workers. l) Work participation rate: The work participation rate is the ratio between the

labour force and the overall size of their cohort (national population of the same

age range). I n the pr esent st udy t he w ork par ticipation r ate i s defined as the

percentage of total workers (main and marginal) to total population.


Page 16/VI

Figure 6.1 Socio Economic survey of study area

Findings of the study

Study Area

The field investigation has revealed that the study area of the proposed mining project is

spread over in two districts namely Jalandhar and Ludhiana in Punjab. The Sub-districts

(Tehsils) falling i n t he study ar ea ar e S hahkot, Ja landhar-I a nd P hillaur in Dist rict

Jalandhar and S amrala, Ludhiana (East) and R aikot in District Ludhiana. In study area

there are 39 census villages of which 20 are in Ludhiana and 19 in Jalandhar.


Page 17/VI

The sub-district wise distribution of habitations is provided in the table below:

Table 6.1 Sub-district wise distribution of identified villages in the study area

State/UT District Sub -district Number of

villages

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Punjab

Jalandhar

Shahkot 3

Phillaur 15

Jalandhar I 1

Total for District Jalandhar 19

Ludhiana

Samrala 1

Ludhiana east 18

Raikot 1

Total for District Ludhiana 20

Total for Study Area 39

The Table and Figure below presents Broad Land use pattern in Study Area:

Table 6.2 Land use pattern in Study Area

S. No. Description Estimated Area (in Hectares)

Percentage share in total area

(1) (2) (3) (4)

1 Forest 1227.4 3.91

2

Agriculture

a) Irrigated Area 26329 83.8

b) Un irrigated Area 327 1.0

c) Cultivable waste 104 0.3

Total for Agriculture 26760 85.2

3 Area not available for cultivation 3413 10.9

a) Mining leased area 32.21* 0.1

b) Other Area 3380.79 10.1

Total 31400 100


Page 18/VI

*Actual mine area proposed for lease. Figure 6.2

Broad Land use Pattern in Study Area (%)

Demographic composition

Population

According t o C ensus 2001, t he t otal popul ation of the i dentified v illages in t he st udy

area is 64657. As there is no urban area in the study area the entire population is rural

folk. The densi ty o f po pulation has been w orked out to 396 per sons per s quare

kilometer. Of the total population 13.06 percent belongs to 0-6 age group. Further, of

the total population 52.48 percent are male and the remaining 47.52 percent are

female. The ov erall se x ratio has been w orked out t o 906 females per 1000 m ales,

which is lower than the national average of 933 females per 1000 males. The sex ratio

is lowest ( 766) a t village R awat and hi ghest (1074) at v illage M ajra K hurd.

Furthermore, nearly 42.2 percent o f the total population belongs to S chedule Caste

community. There i s no Schedule T ribe population in t he study area, as per Census

2001.

Number of households and household size

The entire population of the study area has been grouped into 11653 households and

the average household size is 5.6. The household size is highest (6.6) at village

Jamalpur Leli and lowest (4.9) at village Mattewara.

3.89%

83.85%

1.04%

0.33%

0.1%

10.8%

Broad Land use Pattern In Study Area

Forest

Irrigated Area

Un-irrigated Area

Cultivable waste

mining lease area

other area


Page 19/VI

Number of Literates and Literacy rate

The total number of l iterates in the study area has been worked out to 39381, which is

around 60.9 percent of the total population. However, the overall literacy rate increases

to 70. 06 percent when t he population under 6 y ears of ag e i s taken of f from t he t otal

population. The literacy rate of male population has been worked out to 75.3 percent as

against 64.4 percent for female, creating a gender gap of 10.9 percent. The gender gap

in literacy rates vary from a negative gap of 1.2 percent at village Sattowal to a posi tive

gap of 25.07 percent at village Gaunsgarh.

Workers

The total number of workers in the study area is 23202, which is 35.8 percent of the total

population. A mong the total workers 88.3 percent are main workers and the remaining

11.7 percent are marginal workers. The percentage of male in the main workers is 80.4

percent, while it is only 46.7 percent in the case of marginal workers. On the other hand,

the pe rcentage sh are o f female i n the main w orkers i s only 1 9.6 pe rcent; i t i s 53. 3

percent in the case of marginal workers.

The classification of workers based on occupation reveals that around 36 percent of the

total workers are Agricultural workers. However, its share in the total population is only

12.8 per cent. This indicates that peopl e i n t he st udy ar e n ot solely d epended upon

agriculture. There has been an occupational shift of population from agriculture to other

sectors of the economy, without making a negative impact on agricultural production and

its yield rate. Further, among the agricultural workers 57 percent are cultivators and the

remaining 43 percent are agricultural labours who do not possess land but cultivate the

land of big farmers as wage earners. The field investigation has revealed that these

agricultural labours are generally migrants from distant states like Bihar and U.P.

The percentage share of household industrial workers in the total workers is barely four

percent. Though ov er t he y ears industrial dev elopment i n t he s tate has been

spectacular, there exists a declining trend in the number of household industrial workers

in the total work force. Deep probe made during field survey has exposed that low

percentage of household workers in the total workers is due to the fact that industries in

the study area are not confined to household cottage industries but they have swell into

micro, small, medium and large industries due to greater government intervention and

high doses of publ ic and pr ivate investment in industrial sector. It may be added here

that the workers engaged in above four categories of industrial undertakings are not

covered under ‘household industrial workers’ but form part of ‘Other Workers’.


Page 20/VI

The percent share of ‘Other workers’ constitute 60 percent of the total workers in the

study area. This includes white color workers, professional workers, shopkeepers,

traders and businessmen.

Village w ise dat a on num ber o f households, population, se x r atio, l iteracy r ate, m ain

and marginal workers etc. is presented in Annexure IV

Amenities

Various facilities presently available in the study area are described below:

House Structure

The field survey has revealed that 79 percent of the households in the study area have

Semi-Pucca or Pucca structures to live in. Only 21 percent households live in kutcha

houses.

Education facilities

Secondary sources reveal t hat al l t he villages in t he st udy area ar e pr ovided with

educational facilities. These i nclude sch ools, adul t l iteracy ce ntres and ot her

institutions. The project Village is provided with two primary schools. The Table below

indicates number and types of educational institutions located in the study area.

Table 6.3 Type and number of Educational Institutions located in the study area

S. No. Educational Institution Number Percentage

to total

(1) (2) (3) (4)

1 Primary Schools 46 56.1

2 Middle Schools 18 22.0

3 Secondary Schools 10 12.2

4 Senior Secondary

Schools 6 7.3

5 Adult Literacy Centers 1 1.2

6 Others 1 1.2

Total 82 100


Page 21/VI

There is no provision for higher education in the rural area. Hence, students are

compelled to travel to nearby town/city, which generally l ie beyond 10 k ilometres from

their residence village.

Medical Facilities

Secondary data has revealed that Medical facility is available in 88 percent of the

villages in the study area. There are no medical facilities in five villages including the

project village even after the introduction of Centrally Sponsored NRHM Programme in

the state. Other health facilities available in the study area are presented in the Table

below:

Table 6.4 Availability of Health Facilities in the study area and average number people

served

S. No. Health Institution/Health Facilities Number

Average number of people served by the health institution

(1) (2) (3) (4)

1 Allopathic Dispensary 15 4310

2 Ayurvedic Dispensary 1 64657

3 PHC 3 21552

4 Nursing Home 1 64657

5 RMP 34 1902

6 CHW 2 32329

7 PHSC 4 16164

As the area is lacking in medical facilities, people l iving in the area visit district or sub-

district hosp itals or hos pitals/dispensaries located i n t he near by towns/cities during

emergency and for long treatments. Deep probe made during field survey has revealed

that the health institutions located in the villages are not fully equipped with man power,

medicines, equipment and vehicles for carrying patients.

The Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) duly trained and provided with kits is being

increasingly deployed in the v illages in t he study area. She is responsible f or c reating

awareness on heal th an d m obilizes the co mmunity t owards local heal th pl anning and


Page 22/VI

increased ut ilization of t he ex isting heal th se rvices. S he i s a pr omoter o f good heal th

practices and provides a minimum package of curative care as appropriate and feasible

for that level and makes timely referrals.

There i s an ur gent nee d f or gr eater at tention t owards occupational he alth. D ue t o

prolong exposure to sand and dust the workers may face several health hazards. It is

therefore essential that health hazards due to dust and need to be identified on priority

basis and preventive measures be taken.

Drinking water

Drinking water facility is available in all the habitations located in the study area. Hand

Pump is the most common source of dr inking water and 39 v illages are provided w ith

hand pumps. Next to Hand pump comes tap, which is available in 33 vi llages and tube

wells in 22 villages. Hand pump and tank are the sources of drinking water at the Project

village Kadiana. The Table below presents various sources of drinking water facilities in

the study area

Table 6.5

Availability of drinking water facilities in the Study area

S. No. Source of Drinking water Number villages

(1) (2) (3)

1 Tap 33 2 Well 7 3 Tank 2 4 Tube well 22 5 Hand Pump 39

Total 103


Page 23/VI

Figure 6.3 Sources of Drinking Water in the villages in Study Area

Electricity

According to secondary sources electricity has reached all the villages in the study

area. E lectricity i s available f or do mestic lighting and a gricultural ope rations. The

demand for electricity for industrial uses is fast growing due to rapid industrialization. It

will further increase when the proposed mining activities will commence.

Roads

All t he 39 v illages located in t he s tudy area are provided with paved r oads. I n eight

villages mud roads are available along with paved roads. The project village is provided

with both paved roads and mud roads. However, the quarry is connected with Kadiana

village with mud road.

Communication Facilities

The study area is provided with 12 Post offices and 1824 Land line phone connections.

At the project village Kadiana there is one post office and 60 land line phone

connections.

Bus and Railway services

In the study area bus services are available in 33 villages and railway service in one

village. The project village Kadiana has neither bus service nor railway service. To avail

railway service they have to travel to Phillaur which is the nearest town to the project

village.

05

1015202530354045

Handpump Tap Water Tubewell Well Tank

Num

ber o

f vill

ages

Sources of water

Sources of Drinking water in Study area


Page 24/VI

Bank and institutional finance

The study area is served by five each commercial and Co-operative banks. The project

village Kadiana doesn’t have any banking facility.

Social Condition

With the advancement of education and unde r the stresses and s trains of the modern

economic and social se t up, t he j oint family system i n t he s tudy ar ea i s breaking up

very fast. The field survey has revealed that 87.5 percent of the households are nuclear families or co njugal f amilies consisting of a f ather, m other and t heir children. The

remaining 12.5 percent are extended families, also known as consanguineous families

or joint families. Due to increase in population and adoption the new ways of life, there

is a g eneral t endency am ong t he younger generation t o m ove out t o urban ar eas in

search o f j ob and busi ness opportunities. H owever, it ca nnot be co ncluded t hat t he

institution of joint family system has disappeared totally. During the field survey it was

observed that in many cases, the younger people keep their families with their parents

or extend financial help to them at the time of marriages, hospitalization, repaying of

outstanding deb ts, pur chase o f l and and co nstruction o f house s et c. B esides the

above, they often send their families to their parents or keep the parents with them for

a period convenient to both sides. Thus joint family system has not yet completely

broken. T hough many men and w omen have left t heir v illages for higher educa tion,

jobs and busi ness but they st ill hav e cl ose l ink w ith t heir par ents and make regular

visits to them, who have preferred to stay back in the villages.

The condition of women in the study area has considerably improved and they are

competing with men in all walks of life. They receive higher education and do jobs in

schools, colleges and offices. All avenues of life are now open to them. Further, they

are fast becoming economically independent.

It has also been observed that in the study area the caste feeling in the society is in the

wane and the people of different castes and creed mix together quite freely in their

day-to -day life.

Lastly, the study area is somewhat free from poverty as number of BPL Card holders is

only 12.8 percent. Income

The sa mple su rvey in r andomly se lected v illages in the study area co vering 30

households in each v illage hav e r evealed t hat av erage monthly i ncome o f a


Page 25/VI

households from all sources is Rs. 10,754.50 which is nearly three times the national

average of Rs.3874.33 per month during 2009-10.

Consumption Pattern In the study area wheat is the staple food. Other food articles consumed in the area are

rice, pulses & grams, edible oils, milk & milk products, fruits & vegetables, eggs, meat

& m eat pr oducts. The Table below pr esents average weekly consumption of ce reals

and non-cereal items in the study area.

Table 6.6 Weekly Household Consumption Cereal and Non-cereal items

S. No. Items Unit of

measurement Consumption

(1) (2) (3) (4)

1 Wheat Kg. 18.2

2 Rice Kg. 3.8

3 Pulses & Grams Kg. 2.2

4 Edible oi ls & ot her

cooking media Litre 3.02

5 Spices Kg. 1.02

6 Milk Liters 18.6

7 Fruits & Vegetables Kg. 6.1

8 Eggs pieces 11

9 Meat & Meat Products Kg. 4.01

Impact on population composition

The impact of the proposed mining project on popul ation composition will be marginal

as only few skilled and managerial staff will be r ecruited from outside and the rest will

be recruited locally. T he impact will be significant if a large number of people f rom

outside get employed in the project. In that case not only the population of the study

area will go up but also the skewed sex ratio may make permanent social effects like

rise i n exploitation o f women, hi gher c rime rate, an i ncrease i n se xual diseases and

depression among youth.

Impact on Family income

During the field survey an attempt was made to gather information on household

income in the study area. As many as 30 sample households spread over in each


Page 26/VI

sample village were approached for collection of information. Based on the above data

the average monthly income of a household in the study area has been worked out to

Rs. 10, 754.50, w hich i s high i n comparison to national av erage o f R s.3874.33 pe r

month du ring 2009 -10. The i mpact o f t he proposed m ining ac tivity on house hold

income i n t he study ar ea w ill be posi tive si nce i t w ill pr ovide em ployment to l ocal

people. I t i s expected t hat m onthly i ncome of those house holds recruited f or m ining

operation will increase further but for 250 days in a year.

Impact on consumption pattern

The field survey has revealed that people in the study are not poverty ridden. Increased

household income may change the consumption pattern substantially. There may be a

marginal or no i ncrease i n t he consumption o f food ar ticles but consumption o f non -

food items may go up due to increased income.

Impact on road development

Movement of trucks and other vehicles to and fro the quarry site is expected to increase

substantially, when the construction and operation of the mine will commence. The

existing roads connecting the plant site with the national and state highways are narrow

and filled with potholes. There will be t raffic bottleneck if these roads are not widened

and their conditions are not improved. Hence, there is scope for road development in

the area.

Impact on law & Order If local people are employed to run the quarry, there will be no law & order problem.

The m ine w orkers will a ttend t o their dut ies from t heir r esidence and r eturn t o t heir

homes after t he day ’s work i s over. However, t here may cause law & order problem

due to ethnic issues if the workers are migrants and live nearby. Hence, to meet any

untoward incident one pol ice post may be se t up to tackle law & order problem in the

project village.

6.7 Suggestions Provision of First Aid at mining site

Extraction of sand, boulder and bazri from the river bed poses serious health risks due

to dust, quarrying and stone crushing. The effects vary depending on the nature of the

dust particles, silica content in it and t he size of the particle. To meet any emergency

during ex traction of t he m inerals from t he river bed and su bsequent l oading i n t he

transport v ehicles, provision for First Aid should be made by the project proponent.


Page 27/VI

Before the a ffected person i s removed t o a doctor or heal th i nstitution for necessary

medical aid, the miner should be provided with First Aid.

Tie up with the nearest PHC for medical help

To meet the medical needs of the mine workers it is suggested that tie-ups with nearest

hospital or Primary Health Center (PHC) may be m ade. Few beds may be exclusively

reserved for the mine workers in the above health institutions. This will ensure timely

medical aid to the affected persons.

Supply of Mask, Gloves

The m ine w orkers are subject t o r espiratory di seases, m uscular-skeletal and g astro-

intestinal di sorders and s kin di seases. Fo r pr otection from du st i t may be m ade

compulsory for all mine workers to wear masks and gloves while working in the mines.

Regular health checkups

The m iners m ay be e ncouraged to unde rgo health ch eckups at r egular i ntervals in

order to protect themselves from various diseases. The health Department of Punjab

Government must Organize Health Camps at regular intervals preferably in every

quarter. Further, free medical facilities may be made available to the workers and their

family members.

Administration of Anti-venom injections

Provision of Anti-venom therapy must be m ade available at the near health institution.

Anti-venom i njections may be adm inistrated to the m ine w orkers i n ca se o f sn ake,

spider and insect bites, while working in the mines.

Special telephone number

A special t elephone nu mber may be m ade available t o t he m ine workers. In case of

emergency the miners can dial the above number for medical assistance. Vehicle may

be provided to the patients in short duration for shifting to the health institution.

Special Group Insurance Scheme

All the mine workers may be co vered under a Group Insurance Scheme of LIC or any

other Insurance company.


Page 28/VI

6.8 Conclusion

The i mplementation o f the Kadiana sand m ining pr oject w ill g enerate both di rect and

indirect e mployment. B esides, i t w ill pr ovide a ch eck on ex isting sy stem o f mining

operation. S ince the quarries will be al lotted on l ease basis, m ining operation will be

legally valid and it will bring income to the state exchequer. It will also reduce flooding

of r iver banks, destruction of standing crops, land and pr operty to a g reat extent. The

project w ill al so pr ovide i mpetus to i ndustrialization o f the ar ea. Where t ransfer of

boulders into baj ri i s necessary cr ushing uni ts w ill co me up. I t i s expected t hat

intending entrepreneurs will venture to set up micro and small scale units in the near

future making the area a mixed society, dependent on industry, trade and business. At

present a griculture i s the m ain occu pation o f the peopl e as more t han hal f o f the

population depends on it. With the implementation of the proposed mining project the

occupational pat tern o f t he peopl e i n t he ar ea w ill ch ange m aking more peopl e

engaged in industrial and business activities rather in agriculture. Thus there will be a

gradual sh ifting o f pop ulation f rom a griculture t o m ining and i ndustry. Fur ther, t he

mining and industrial activities in the area may lead to rapid increase in population and

thereby ur banization. D ue to ur banization of t he ar ea, em ployment oppor tunities will

further increase.

The s tudy ar ea i s still l acking i n educa tion, health, housi ng, water, el ectricity et c. I t i s

expected that same will improve to a great extent due to proposed mining project and

associated industrial and business activities. I t is therefore suggested that extraction of

minerals should be taken up on r egular basis during the post monsoon period. This will

dredge the river bed on regular basis, regulate the course of the river and check flooding

of the catchment area.

Proposed activities and expenses on Corporate Social Responsibility will be as per CSR

Mandate of the Government.

*******************

Project Name: Kadiana Sand Mine, Punjab Final EIA/EMP Chapter - VII Project benefits

Page 1/VII

CHAPTER-VII

PROJECT BENEFITS INDEX


7.0 GENERAL 2/VII

7.1 BENEFITS OF MINING 2/VII

7.2 EMPLOYMENT 2/VII

7.3 IMPROVEMENTS IN PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 2/VII

7.4 HEALTH 3/VII


Page 2/VII

7.0 GENERAL The execution o f t he pr oject i.e removal of se diments will pr otect against w idening of the

river ch annel and flooding of adj oining ar eas, bring ov erall i mprovement i n the l ocality,

neighbourhood and the S tate by br inging i ndustry, r oads, w ater supply, el ectricity,

employment, living standard and economic growth.

7.1 BENEFITS OF MINING i. Controlling river channel

ii. Protecting river banks

iii. Reducing submergence of adjoining agricultural lands due to flooding.

iv. Reducing aggradation of river level.

v. Generating useful economic resource for construction.

vi. Generating employment

vii. Improvement of socio economic conditions of nearby habitats.

7.2 EMPLOYMENT

The socio-economic conditions of the surrounding villages indicate that employment

generation i s seasonal. T he occu pational act ivities are ag riculture, ca ttle r earing and

employment i n mines but on daily wages. The mining a ctivity w ill pr ovide em ployment t o

local people which will increase socio- economic status of the area.

7.3 IMPROVEMENTS IN PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE The openi ng o f t he proposed pr oject w ill enh ance t he so cio-economic activities in t he

adjoining areas. This will result in following benefits:-

a. Improvements in physical infrastructure.

b. Improvements in Social Infrastructure.

c. Increase in Employment Potential

d. Contribution to the Exchequer.

e. Prevention of illegal mining.

f. During and Post-mining enhancement of green cover.

7.3(a) IMPROVEMENTS IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE The opening of the proposed project will improve the physical infrastructure of the adjoining

areas. This will include the following:-

• Improved road communication due to opening of the proposed project.

• Strengthening of existing community facilities through the Community Development

Programme.


Page 3/VII

• Creation of community assets (infrastructure) like provision for drinking water,

construction of school buildings, village roads/ l inked roads, dispensary & health centre,

community centre, market place etc.

• Awareness program and co mmunity act ivities, l ike heal th ca mps, medical ai ds, f amily

welfare programs, immunization camp sports & cultural activities, plantation etc.

7.3(b) IMPROVEMENTS IN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE There will be some obv ious changes i n various environmental parameters due to mining

activity. T here w ill be p ositive impact i n so cio-economic area due t o i ncreased e conomic

activities, creation of new employment opportunities, infrastructural development and be tter

educational and heal th f acilities. Lessee w ill also undertake aw areness program and

community act ivities like heal th, ca mps, m edical ai ds, family w elfare c amps, A IDS

awareness program etc.

7.3(c) INCREASE IN EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL: - There i s a possi bility of cr eation o f

direct and indirect employment opportunities due to working of this mine.

7.3(d) PREVENTION OF ILLEGAL MINING & CONTRIBUTION TO THE EXCHEQUER: - Since the quarries will be leased out to successful allottees, mining operation in the state will

get legalized and it will fetch income to the state exchequer.

7.3(e) ENHANCEMENT OF GREEN COVER Plantation/afforestation will be done as per program i.e. along the road sides and near civic

amenities, which w ill be al lotted by G overnment bodi es as it i s not feasible t o pl ant t rees

near the mine l ease a rea. P ost pl antation, t he ar ea w ill be r egularly m onitored i n ev ery

season for evaluation of success rate. For selection of plant species local people will also be

involved. The m anagement w ill pr ovide f ree sa plings of fruit and ot her t rees, et c. t o l ocal

during rain for plantation.

7.4 HEALTH Periodic medical ch eckups as per M ines Act/ R ules and ot her so cial dev elopment and

promotional act ivities will be under taken. A ll t his will l ift t he general he alth st atus o f t he

residents of the area around mines.

*********

Project Name: KadianaSand Mine, Punjab. Final EIA/EMP Chapter - VIII Environment Management Plan

Page 1/VIII

CHAPTER-VIII

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

INDEX


8.0 INTRODUCTION 2/VIII

8.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) 2/VIII

8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION 3/VIII

8.3 PROPOSED SET UP 4/VIII

8.4 BUDGET ALLOCATION FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION 4/VIII

8.5 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND ACTIVITIES 5/VIII

8.6 DIVISION OF RESPONSIBILITY OF VARIOUS ACTIVITIES FOR A SAND MINE PROJECT

6/VIII


Page 2/VIII

8.0 INTRODUCTION

To mitigate the adverse impacts which are likely to be caused due to the mining operation and

overall scientific development of local habitat, environmental management plan (EMP) has been

formulated and i ntegrated w ith t he m ine pl anning. The det ails of the an ticipated i mpacts and

mitigative measures have been discussed in Chapter IV of this report, based on the results of

present environmental conditions and environmental impact assessment. The E MP has

therefore been made considering implementation and monitoring of environmental protection

measures during and after mining operations.

The m itigation m easures which r educe t he impact have al ready been identified ear lier i n t his

report. To minimize t he adv erse i mpact, ce rtain additional E MP ar e enum erated bel ow for

implementation.

8.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

Proper environmental management plan are proposed for “Sand” mining project to mitigate the

impact during the mining operation.

a. Care will be taken that no labour camps will be allowed on river bed.

b. Care w ill be t aken t hat no cooking, or bur ning of w oods will be al lowed i n t he

adjoining area.

c. Prior to mining, short awareness program will be co nducted for l abours to make

them aware to way of working.

d. If some causality or injury to animal occurs, it will be informed to forest department

and proper treatment will be given.

e. No tree cutting, chopping, lumbering, uprooting of shrubs and herbs will be allowed.

f. Corridor movement of wild mammals (If exists) will be avoided.

g. Care will be taken that noise produced during vehicles movement for carrying sand

are within the permissible noise level.

h. No pilling of RBM material will be in adjoining area.

i. If wild animals are noticed crossing the river bed, it will not be di sturbed or chased

away, instead the labours will move away from their path.


Page 3/VIII

j. The persons whose standing crops get destroyed/damaged by the wild animals can

approach the DFO, who on investigation can allow a suitable compensation to be

paid.

8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION Environmental Management P lan serves no purpose if it is not implemented with true spirit.

Some l oopholes in t he EMP ca n a lso be det ected a fterwards when i t i s implemented and

monitored. Thus, an implementation and monitoring programme has to be prepared.

The major attributes of environment are not confined to the mining site alone. Implementation of

proposed control measures and monitoring programme has an implication on the surrounding

area as well as for t he region. Therefore, mine management should strengthen the existing

control measures as elaborated earlier in this report and monitor the efficacy of the control

measures implemented within the mining area relating to the following specific areas for eco-

friendly mining plan:

a. Collection of air and water samples at strategic locations with f requency suggested and

by analyzing thereof. If the parameters exceed the permissible tolerance limits, corrective

regulation measure will be taken.

b. Collection of so il samples at s trategic locations once in every year and anal ysis thereof

with regard to deleterious constituents, if any.

c. Measurement of water level fluctuations in the nearby ponds, dug wells and bore wells.

d. Regular v isual ex amination w ill be ca rried out to l ook for e rosion o f river bank s. A ny

abnormal condition, if observed will be taken care of.

e. Measurement o f noi se l evels at m ine si te, s tationary and m obile so urces, and ad jacent

villages will be done twice a year for the first two years and thereafter once a year.

f. Plantation/afforestation as should be done as per program i .e along the road si des and

near civic amenities, which will be allotted by Government bodies as it is not feasible to

plant trees near the mine lease area. Post plantation, the area will be regularly monitored

in every season for evaluation of success rate. For selection of plant species local people

should also be involved.

Mine management will be in regular touch with local surrounding villages to update the various

developmental sch emes m ade by t hem. They w ill a lso co nsider any i mmediate r equirement,

which could be taken care of in near future.

An Environmental Management Cell (EMC) is envisaged which will be responsible for

monitoring EMP and its implementation. EMC members should meet once in a month to assess


Page 4/VIII

the progress and analyze the data collected during the month. The EMC will function as per Fig.

5.1(Chapter V).

EMC will be in regular touch with State Pollution Control Board and Indian Bureau of Mines and

send them annual progress report. Any new regulations considered by State/Central Pollution

Control Board for the industry will be taken care of.

8.3 PROPOSED SET UP Keeping the utility of monitoring results in the implementation of the environmental management

program in view, an organizational chart has been proposed, headed by General Manager as

shown in Fig. 5.1(Chapter V).

The said team will be responsible for:

a. Collecting water and ai r samples from surrounding area and w ork zone monitoring for

pollutants.

b. Analyzing the water and air samples.

c. Implementing the control and protective measures.

d. Co-coordinating t he environment related ac tivities within the project as well as with

outside agencies.

e. Collecting statistics of health of workers and population of surrounding villages.

f. Monitoring t he pr ogress of i mplementation o f environmental m anagement pr ogram.

Greenbelt development, etc.

The laboratory will be su itably equipped f or sampling/testing for various environmental

pollutants.

8.4 BUDGET ALLOCATION FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION Annual budget for EMP is very essential for successful implementation of EMP. As there are no

pollution control systems, no capital cost of Pollution Control systems are envisaged. Costs will

be annual operating costs as given below. The fund allocated will not be diverted for any other

purposes and the top management will be responsible for this. The budget will take into

consideration the following capital and operating expenses:

a. Field cost for monitoring of parameters.

b. Cost of any defined outsourcing

c. Cost of chemicals, consumables and transport for data generation

d. Man power cost for environmental cell

e. Any other cost as per EC condition.


Page 5/VIII

Table 8.1 Cost of EMP

Sl. No Description Cost to be incurred

(in lakhs/annum)

1

Air Quality

a)Monitoring in the vicinity of the mine

b) Monitoring in the vicinity of the transportation network

c) Cost of dust suppression

2.0

2 Water Quality Water quality of surface and groundwater around the site

1.0

3 Ambient Noise Level 0.5

4 Soil Quality 0.5

5 Socio-economic condition of local, population, physical survey 0.12

6 Inventory of Flora(tree plantation, survival etc) & Fauna 0.5

7 Man power cost for environmental cell 0.5

TOTAL 5.12

8.5 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND ACTIVITIES To evaluate the effectiveness of environmental management program regular monitoring of the

important environmental activities to be monitored are shown in Table. 6.1. (Chapter VI).


Page 6/VIII

8.6 DIVISION OF RESPONSIBILITY OF VARIOUS ACTIVITIES FOR A SAND MINE PROJECT

S.No Activity Responsibility of the Project Proponent (Regulator)

Responsibility of the Contractor (Operator)

1 Demarcation of mine area (Outermost boundary)

as per Khasra Numbers of the mine

Regulator

through

revenue dept.

2 Demarcation of Buffer zone on either side of

River/Choe bank

Operator-

Based on the

regulations

passed from

time to time

3 Restriction on Mining : i. The mining is prohibited to a di stance of 500

m bot h on up stream a nd dow nstream from

the hi gh l evel br idge and 250 m form t he

other bridges.

ii. If w idth of the r iver i s less than 120 m the

mining w ill be r estricted within t he bed of

river. If higher than 120 m the mining will be

restricted a fter l eaving t he ar ea w ithin 30 m

from the edge of embankment on either side

of the river bed.

iii. The contractor will not do any quarry

operations within the distance of:

a. 75m from railway line

b. 60m from national highway

c. 50m f rom reservoir t ank, ca nal r oads,

public works or bui ldings and i n-habitat

sites etc.

iv. The mining w ill not be allowed bel ow the

water table.

Operator Operator Operator Operator


Page 7/VIII

v. No mining operation will be allowed in forest

area.

vi. Compliance t o v arious provisions laid do wn

under M ines A ct, 1952, Mines & Minerals

(Regulation and D evelopment) A ct, 1957,

Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, MMR, 1961.

vii. Assuring for t he p rovisions of M ines Act,

1952, I nterstate M igrant Workman A ct and

Central and S tate Govt. labor laws in respect

of following:

a. drinking water

b. rest shelter

c. first aid box

d. welfare facilities

viii. Abiding by t he P unjab M inor Mineral

Concession Rules, 1964 and 2008.

ix. Adherence to the Eco-friendly mine plan for

mining of minor minerals.

x. Compliance to the measures kept in the EMP

Operator Operator Operator Operator Operator Operator

4 Making amenities available : i. Water for Drinking purposes

ii. Water for Sprinkling on roads

iii. Water for wetting of dry sands

iv. Provisions of Portable/Community toilets

and making water available for them.

Operator

5a Mitigation Measures for Land environment: i. Assuring sa nd mining to a dept h o f 3m or

maximum upto ground water table

whichever is minimum

ii. The RBM will be done in unsaturated zone.

iii. No mining will be done near by the dam and

important st ructure to pr event hung ry water

Operator Operator Operator


Page 8/VIII

problem.

iv. Mining will not e xceed bey ond t he

magnitude.

v. The RB M a ctivity will b e se mi-mechanized,

most o f the w ork i s proposed t o be done

manually.

vi. Dredging will not be allowed.

vii. Prohibiting ponding on river bed.

viii. While di sposing i ncidental so lid w astes

generated care taken that it is not disposed

of in meandering course of the river.

Operator Operator- Tyred excavator with bucket capacity of 0.3 cum will only be permitted. Operator

Operator

Operator

5b

In a case, where agricultural land is involved and

after mining the land is to be returned for

agricultural purposes:

Top Soil

i. Earmarking space for piling/keeping top soil

ii. Removal of top soil

iii. Transporting and piling of top soil at the

designated space

iv. Redevelopment of agricultural land:

Spreading, mixing, compacting and leveling

of top soil after mining

Operator

Operator

Operator Operator

5c i. Making minimum number of access roads

with least steepness to river bed.

ii. Avoiding mining during the monsoon season

and at the time of floods.

iii. Synchronizing mining schedule with the river

flow direction and the gradient of the land.

iv. Making haul age r oads par allel to the r iver

Operator Operator- as per the directions of the Regulator Operator Operator


Page 9/VIII

bank.

v. Taking care to ensure that ponds are not

formed in the river bed

Operator

6 Mitigation Measures for Air environment: i. No overloading of dumpers/trucks/trolleys.

ii. Covering the carrying vehicles with tarpaulin

to prevent spillage.

iii. Wetting of sand in case it is dry.

iv. Regular sp rinkling o f w ater on r oads in t he

morning and also at a moment i f observed

that the dust on road is easily getting

airborne.

v. Fortnightly scr aping/bulldozing o f r oad to

prevent accumulation of lose dust on road,

to shift it to sides and to keep roads almost

leveled t o ensu re sm ooth m ovement of

vehicles and al so pr event sp illage, thereby,

minimizing fugitive dust emissions from t he

roads towards the villages.

vi. Prior awareness to explain the Eco-friendly

mine plan.

vii. Proper tuning of vehicles to keep the CO gas

emissions and noise under check.

viii. Plantation of trees at t he pl aces, i f al lowed

by the authorities, to help reduce the impact

of dust in the nearby villages.

Regulator

Operator

Operator Operator Operator Operator Operator Operator

7 Mitigation Measures for Noise environment: a) On site: i. Regular maintenance o f m achinery to k eep

a check on source of noise generation.

ii. Only t rained operators to operate machines

during mining to r educe any ch ance o f

Operator

Operator


Page 10/VIII

safety failures.

iii. Making av ailable g adgets, i n pl aces where

more ex cavators and dum pers/trucks are

involved, f or hear ing protection l ike ea r

muffs/plugs and gas/dust mask.

b) Off-site: i. Phasing ou t the ol d and w orn out v ehicles.

Maintaining v ehicles in g ood r unning

condition

ii. Awareness will be imparted prior t o mining

operations that smoke s ilencers are k ept in

good conditions.

iii. In addition, trucks drivers will be i nstructed

to make m inimum use of pressure horns at

the v illage ar ea and not t o use D J sound

systems.

Operator

Operator

Operator

Operator

8 Provisions/Maintenance of Access road from the nearby main road to the mine:

i. Maintenance of path

ii. Widening of road

iii. Leveling of road

iv. Planting of trees at places decided and

marked for this purpose.

Operator

Operator

Operator

Operator- With

consent from

the respective

department

9 Health & Safety: i. Safety of people and property against

flooding or any calamity and unforeseen circumstances.

ii. Occasional health check iii. Provisions of safety appliances

Operator Operator

Operator

10a Flora & Fauna:

Ecological impacts


Page 11/VIII

i. Carrying the mining activity mostly manually.

ii. No mining activity in the vicinity of important

structure l ike br idges, dam and ot her

structures if any.

iii. No m ining during the rainy se ason to

minimize impact on aquatic life.

iv. Deploying Pollution Under Check (PUC)

certified vehicles for transportation purpose.

v. Restoring/reclaiming t he er oded bank s on

closure o f mining operations just before the

rainy season.

vi. No lighting allowed in the leased area.

vii. No piling of sand allowed in the area except

for the top soil.

Operator

Operator

Operator


10b Flora & Fauna: Riparian habitat:

i. Avoiding Sand extraction in vegetated

riparian areas.

ii. No al teration o f und ercut and i ncised

vegetated banks.

iii. Large w oody debr is in t he r iparian z one

leaving undi sturbed or r eplaced w hen

moved and not burnt.

iv. Sand st ockpiles, o verburden and/ or

vegetative debris will not be stored within the

riparian zone.

v. Restriction on operation and storage of

heavy equipment within riparian habitat.

vi. Access roads not to encroach into the

riparian zones

Operator

Operator

Operator

Operator

Operator

Operator

11 Local labour:


Page 12/VIII

i. Giving employment

ii. Imparting skills

iii. Safety awareness

iv. To maintain hygienic environment conducive

for working

v. Discouraging using horns as far as possible

Operator

Operator

Operator

Operator

Operator

12 General :

A. Erecting a hoarding indicating in English,

Hindi and preferably the local language:

i. The name of the mine

ii. The name of the Lessee

iii. An indicative map of the mine

iv. Production capacity

v. Time of lease period

B. Erecting at all the turns:

a. Safety sign boards

b. Direction indicators

c. Reflectors

C. Preparing and preserving the year round

data on the following to study the pattern of

sedimentation, replenishment and

extraction:

a. Production records of mine

b. Area mined

c. Depth of mining related to defined

axes.

D. Reporting accidents

E. Restriction on entering or working in any

reserved or protected area

Regulator


13 i. Meeting Corporate’s Social responsibility

Regulator in coordination with village


Page 13/VIII

ii. Creating a corpus fund for reclamation and rehabilitation.

authority Operator

14 Compliance to Environment Monitoring & Management Plan:

i. Allocation of Funds

ii. Carrying out environment monitoring

following provisions kept in EMP.

iii. Maintenance of Monitoring Schedule

iv. Meeting administrative & statutory

requirements

v. Management of entire Environment

Programme.

Regulator Regulator- through operator

Operator Operator Operator

15 Compensation to be paid as per Government rules: Paying compensation to the owners whose land is acquired for mining purposes whether;

i. Government ii. Panchayat Land iii. Private

Regulator

16 Compliance to Statutory requirements:

i. The Mines Act, 1952

ii. The Mines and Mineral (Development and

Regulation) Act, 1957

iii. Mines Rules, 1955

iv. Mineral Concession Rules, 1960 framed by

the Central govt.

v. Mineral Conservation and Development

Rules, 1988

vi. Punjab State Minor Mineral Concession

Rules, 1964

vii. Metalliferrous Mines Regulations 1961

Operator


Page 14/VIII

viii. Granite Conservation and Development

Rule, 1999

ix. The Water (Prevention and Control of

Pollution) Act, 1974

x. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)

Act, 1981

xi. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

xii. The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980

xiii. The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972

********

Project Name: Kadiana Sand Mine, Punjab. Final EIA/EMP Chapter – IX: Executive Summary

Page 1/IX

CHAPTER-IX

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

9.1 INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT & PROPONENT

It i s a pr oposed pr oject t o mine sand and t he estimated project cost is Rs 260.90 lacs.

GM-cum-Mining Officer, Ja landhar has applied for mining l ease i n t he name o f Kadiana

sand Mine over an area of 32.21 ha at Village: Kadiana, Tehsil: Phillaur, District:

Jalandhar, Punjab. The proposed mine site on Satluj River bed with approx 8, 69,670 MT

of S and deposi t i n i t, which i s replenishable due t o se diment i nflow. The m ining plan of

sand Mine is approved by competent authority.

It is proposed to collect approximately 2,89,890 tonnes of river bed materials annually. As

per t he M oEF, N ew D elhi G azette da ted 14 th

September 2006 a mended i n D ecember

2009 and April 2011, the proposed mining project is categorized as category ‘B’ and the

EC shall be given by the SEIAA of the state of Punjab

9.2 LOCATION The mining a rea i s located i n V illage: Kadiana, T aluka: Phillaur, D istrict: Ja landhar,

Punjab. The mining lease / proposed project area falls in Survey of India Toposheet No.

44M/16.The mine lease area is located between:

Latitude : 31° 0'30.63"N to 31° 0'49.95"N and

Longitude : 75°52'19.52"E to 75°53'2.81"E

Nearest Railway Station : Ladhowal Railway Station (about 8 km in SW direction)

Nearest Airport : Ludhiana Airport (about 18 km in South direction)

Nearest Highway : NH-1 (about 7 km in SW direction)

9.3 RESERVES

As much of the lease area is covered with water catchment area, only the middle area is

considered for reserve estimation. The sand which is exposed in all the three dimensions

(3.0m on an average) i s considered as pr oved. F rom t he field trials conducted i n t he

sector and i nformation gathered from the appl icant, t he bulk density i s found to be 1. 8

t/cum.


Page 2/IX

Category wise updated reserves with grade are as follows:

Category Total (in Tonnes) UNFC Code

Proved 8, 69,670 Tonnes 111

9.4 MINING Sand Mining The salient features of sand mining method are:

Mining o f sa nd i s pr oposed t o be ca rried out by t he ex cavators. The m ining i nvolve

following steps-

I. River Bed Mining activities do not involve top soil.

II. Excavation of sand is done by excavators.

III. Drilling and blasting is not required.

Working Depth (below ground level) The deposi ts occur in t he middle/bottom of the river. During the entire lease period, t he

deposit will be worked from the top surface to 3 m bgl. The ultimate depth of the open cast

pits will be 3 m bel ow g round l evel or ground water t able whichever i s less. U nder n o

circumstances it will intersect with ground water table.

9.5 WATER SUPPLY In the river bed mining projects there is, as such, no need of water to carry out operations,

except for dust suppression. The number of working people is 12 so t he water

requirement for workers will be ar ound 1 KLD for drinking purpose & 1.28 KLD for dust

suppression the total w ater requirement w ill be ar ound 2.28 KLD. This water w ill be

supplied from the nearby area.

9.6 BASE LINE DATA

This section contains the description of baseline studies of the 10 km radius of the area

surrounding “Kadiana Sand Mine, Jalandhar, Punjab. The data collected has been used to

understand the existing environment scenario around the proposed mining project against

which the potential impacts of the project can be assessed.

Environmental data has been collected in relation to proposed mining for:-


Page 3/IX

(a) Air

(b) Noise

(c) Water

(d) Soil

(e) Ecology and Biodiversity

(f) Socio-economy

Table 9.1 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

Attribute Baseline status

Ambient Air Quality

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring reveals that the minimum & maximum concentrations o f P M10 for al l the 5 A Q monitoring s tations w ere found to be 62.6 µg/m3at AQ3 and 85.6 µg/m3at AQ5, respectively. As far as the g aseous pollutants SO2 and NOx are concerned, t he prescribed CPCB limit of 80µg/m3 for residential and rural areas has never been surpassed at any station.

Noise Levels

Noise monitoring was carried out at four locations. The results of the monitoring p rogram i ndicated t hat bo th the day time and ni ght t ime levels of noise were well within the prescribed limits of NAAQS, at all the four locations monitored.

Water Quality

3 Groundwater samples and 3 surface water samples were analyzed and concluded that: The gr ound water f rom all sources remains suitable f or drinking

purposes as all the constituents are within the limits prescribed by

drinking water standards by Indian Standards IS: 10500.

From the S urface w ater anal ysis it i s evident th at m ost o f th e

parameters o f the sa mples comply w ith ‘Category ‘ C’ st andards of

CPCB indicating t heir su itability f or Drinking w ater source after

conventional treatment and disinfection. Soil Quality

Samples collected from identified locations indicate the soil is sandy type and t he pH value ranging from 7 .91 to 8 .46, which shows that the soil is alkaline in nature.

Ecology and Bio-diversity

There are no Ecologically Sensitive Areas present in the study area, but many reserved forests regions do surround the project area

Socio-economy

The implementation of the Kadiana sand mining project on river Satluj in di strict Ja landhar will t hrow oppor tunities t o l ocal peopl e for bo th direct and indirect employment. The study area is still lacking in education, health, housing, water, electricity etc. It is expected that same will improve to a great extent due t o pr oposed m ining p roject and as sociated i ndustrial and business activities.


Page 4/IX

9.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Flora Core Zone:- The co re z one co mprises of S atluj river bed, w here mining oper ation i s pr oposed. This ar ea

consists of riparian vegetation in which aquatic and marshland plants are the main component.

No ecologically sensitive plant species has been reported from this area. Riparian vegetation is

found along the river side. The river Satluj is full of water throughout the year with great flow.

Acacia sp. Populus ciliate and Dalbergia sisso grows along the river bank

Buffer Zone:- The flora of buffer zone comprises of plants growing on the edges of agricultural land, village

woodlots and trees planted along the roads. Many tree species are planted in the area because

of their use fulness, e conomic and aes thetic v alues. S ome t ree sp ecies observed i n t he ar ea

are, Aam (Mangifera indica), Jamun (Syzygium cumini), Bail (Aegle marmelos), Bakain (Melia

azedarach), Bargad (Ficus bengalensis), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Peepal ( Ficus religiosa),

Popular (Populas dealtoides), Safeda (Eucalyptus umbelatus), Sisam (Dalbergia sissoo), etc.

Forest cover in Jalandhar district:

The recorded forest area in Punjab State is 3,058 sq km, which constitute about 6.07% of total

geographic area of the State. The Jalandhar district has only 4 km2 forest cover out of which 2

km2 is moderately dense forest and 2 km2

Vegetation in and around human settlement

is open forest. (India State of Forests Report 2009).

As far as s tudy ar ea i s concerned there i s no forest ar ea a t al l. The ar ea co mprises of

agricultural l and and r iverine v egetation. D ue t o hi gh temperature a nd hum idity t he ar ea

comprises o f t ropical dr y deci duous vegetation. Wild l ife p rotected ar ea decl ared protected

under “Wildlife Protection Act-1972” located within 10 km radius of the proposed mining area is

nil. However the Mattwara RF, Ludhiana RF are located in the study area. Forest occurring in

the di strict i s typically t opical dr y deci duous type. The forest i s dominated by Acacia nilotica,

Dalbergia sissoo, Bombax cieba etc.

The study area comprise of tropical dry deciduous vegetation. Several tropical elements can be

seen scattered in the area. Species of Achyranthes, Calotropis, Lantana, Ricinus, Ziziphus, etc.

are of common occurrence. Tree species viz. Acaccia nilotica, Eucalyptus umbellata, Populus

deltoids, Melia azadirachta, etc. are found planted along the boundary of the agricultural lands

and along the road sides.


Page 5/IX

Ground vegetation mainly consists of grasses and small shrubs. Useful fodder grasses,

Cynodon dactylon, Eleusine indica, Trifolium alexandrinumt, etc. ca n be se en growing i n t he

area.

Fauna Core zone: During the faunal survey in the area no wildlife corridor or movement of animals was recorded

from proposed project area. A list of animals of the study area has been prepared on the basis

of local inquiry from the village people and from the available published literatures. The animals

thus recorded were cross checked w ith Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 for their sch edule. No

established habitats of any mammals or birds are noticed in river bed and along the banks.

Buffer zone: Mammal: Many dom esticated mammal species are r eported from bu ffer zone dur ing t he field

survey. C ommon grazing ani mals like B uffalo, cow, g oat e tc. ca n be noticed i n open grass

fields. Small m ammals l ike Indian pal m s quirrel ( Funambulus palmarum) and f ield m ouse

(Apodemus sylvaticus) are no ticed i n v icinity of v illage. I nquiry from v illage peopl e r egarding

wild ani mals reveals that m onkey ( Macaca silenus), I ndian hare ( Lepus nigricollis), f ruits bat

(Pteropus conspicillatus), Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus), mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii),

jackal (Canis aureus), etc. are often seen in the area.

Avifauna: Water birds like Gadwall (Anas strepera), Common teal (Anas crecca), White throated

kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis), P ied kingfisher ( Ceryle rudis), R ed w attled l apwing e tc ar e

noticed. House crow (Corvus splendens), House sparrow (Passer domesticus), Common hill

Myna ( Gracula religiosa), Red-rumped S wallow (Cecropis daurica), H oopoe ( Upupa epops

ceylonensis) are of common occurrence. Reptile: The reptilians species commonly reported are Agama (Laudakia tuberculata) in settlement area, Garden lizard (Calotes versicolor) and Eutropis macularia along shady places

in agricultural field or where growth of bushes is noticed.


Page 6/IX

Table 9. 2 Anticipated impact and mitigation measures for biological environment

Impact predicted Suggestive measures

Disturbance t o f ree

movement / living of wild

fauna v iz. B irds,

Reptiles etc.

If birds are noticed crossing the core zone, they will not be

disturbed at all;

Labourers will not be al lowed to discards food, plastic etc.,

which can attract animals/birds near the core site;

Only l ow pol luting v ehicles having P UC w ill be al lowed f or

carrying mining materials.

Noise level will be maintained within permissible limit (silent

zone 50 dB(A) during day time or residential zone 55 dB(A))

as per noi se pol lution (regulation and co ntrol), rules, 2000 ,

of CPCB.

Disturbance o f r iparian

ecosystem/ wetlands The riparian ecosystem or the wetlands will not be destroyed

by the mine owners

Monitoring of up stream

and dow nstream w ater

quality

Water quality w ill be m onitored from ups tream and

downstream area to assess the impact on water quality and

plankton. The mining activity will be controlled to maintain

the clean water conditions.

9.8 LAND ENVIRONMENT

Mining Activity: Harvesting of river bed minerals and other associated activities are the

main so urces of env ironmental de gradations a nd m ost se rious ones a re de tailed her e

under:

a. Damage o f r iver ban k due t o ac cess ramps t o r iver bed, ca using d amage to

vegetation, soil erosion, micro disturbance to ground water, possible inducement of

charged river course.

b. Loss of riparian vegetation standing along the bank due to making roads connecting

successive access to river bed.

c. Contamination o f sa nd aquifer water due to ponding: D ue to uneven r ocky bed of

river, sa nd/moram bed thickness vary co nsiderably and di gging m ore sand from a

pocket where thickness of sand is more may cause ponding. In this stagnant water,

bio-degradable materials especially flora w aste gets a ccumulated ca using

contamination and inducing an unhealthy environment.

d. Surface degradation due to stockpiling and road network.


Page 7/IX

Mitigation measures

i. Minimum number of access roads to river bed for which cutting of river banks will be

avoided and ramps are to be maintained.

ii. Access points to t he river bed w ill be deci ded basing on l east st eepness of river

bank and least human activity.

iii. Mining is avoided during the monsoon season and at the time of floods.

iv. Mining schedule is synchronized with the river flow direction and the gradient of the

land.

v. Haulage roads parallel to the river bank and roads connecting access to river bed

will be made away from the bank

vi. Care will be taken to ensure that ponds are not formed in the river bed

vii. Access roads from public roads and up to r iver bank will be al igned in such a w ay

that it would cause least environmental damage.

viii. Vegetation development is proposed along the road sides of the approach roads, to

arrest so il er osion. While se lecting the pl ant species, pr eference w ill b e g iven f or

planting native species of the area.

9.9 AIR ENVIRONMENT Anticipated impacts and evaluation

Information on air quality was studied and various modelling techniques predicted that the

mining activity will not af fect the air quality in a s ignificant manner. In mining operations,

loading, transportation and unloading operations may cause deterioration in air quality due

to handl ing d ry m aterials. In t he pr esent ca se, only wet m aterials will be handl ed, t hus

eliminating problems of fugitive dust. Also, the collection and lifting of minerals will be

done manually without any blasting. Therefore the dust generated is insignificant as

compared to mining process of o ther hard minerals like the process of drilling, blasting,

mechanized loading etc.

Mitigation measures

The only air pollution sources are the road transport network of the trucks.

i. Water sprinkling will be done on the roads regularly.

ii. Care w ill be t aken t o prevent sp illage by co vering t he ca rrying v ehicles with

tarpaulin and sprinkling of water, if dry.


Page 8/IX

iii. Fortnightly scr aping o f r oad i n or der to keep the r oads al most l eveled. This will

ensure smooth flow of vehicles and also prevent spillage.

iv. Overloading will be kept under check by giving prior awareness.

v. Proper tuning of vehicles to keep the gas emissions under check.

vi. Plantation of trees along the roads to help reduce the impact of dust in the nearby

villages.

9.10 WATER ENVIRONMENT Mining o f sa nd/moram from w ithin or near a streambed has a di rect i mpact on the

stream’s phy sical habi tat ch aracteristics. These ch aracteristics i nclude geometry, bed

evaluation, su bstrate co mposition and s tability, i n st ream roughness elements, dep th,

velocity, t urbidity, sediment t ransport, stream di scharge and t emperature. A ltering t hese

habitat ch aracteristics can have deleterious impacts on both in stream biota and

associated riparian habitat.

The detrimental effects to biota r esulting f rom bed m aterial m ining are caused by t hree

main processes:

i. Alteration of flow patterns resulting from modification of the river bed

ii. An excess of suspended sediment

iii. Damage to riparian vegetation and in stream habitat.

Mitigation measures

The deposits occur in the middle/bottom of the river. During the lease period, the deposit

will be worked from the top surface to 3 m bgl. The ultimate depth will be 3 m below

ground level or the ground water table whichever is less.

9.11 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Anticipated impacts and evaluation As there will be no heavy earth moving machinery there will not be any major impact on

noise level due to the mining and other association activities a detailed noise survey has

been carried out and results are discussed in Section III. Blasting technique is not used for

sand/moram lifting, hence no possibility of land vibration. It was found that the mining

activity will not have any significant impact on the noise env ironment o f t he region. The

only i mpact w ill be due to t ransportation of m aterials by t rucks and movement of small

machinery.


Page 9/IX

a. Mitigation measures i. On-site

a) Maintenance of Machinery: Regular maintenance of m achinery will keep the

generated noise level below the minimum prescribed limit i.e. not exceeding 90 dB (A) at a

distance of 2 m from the machine. All machines will be as per stipulated standards and will

be used at their optimum capacity.

b) Trained Operators: Only trained operators will be allowed to operate machines during

mining to reduce any chance of safety failures. c) Vegetation: Plantation o f trees along the bank will be done t o dampen t he noi se, i f

possible.

d) Hearing Protection: No hearing protection is generally needed for RBM projects.

e) Phasing out the old and worn out trucks.

ii. Off-site The off-site receptors are not significantly affected as noise generated by RBM is insignificant

but some disturbances due to vehicle movement may not be avoidable. However the following

measures have been envisaged:

a) The vehicles will be maintained in good running condition so that noise will be reduced to

minimum possible level.

b) Awareness will be imparted prior to mining operations that smoke silencers remain in a

good conditions not to generate noise.

c) In addition, trucks drivers will be instructed to make minimum use of horns at the village

area.

Mitigation measures As the onl y i mpact i s due to t ransportation of s and to t he construction t hough village r oads,

emphasis will be given on the following points.

• Regular maintenance of machinery will keep the generated noise level below the

minimum prescribed l imit i.e. not exceeding 90 dB (A) at a distance of 2 m from the

machine

• Minimum use of Horns at the village area.

• Timely maintenance of vehicles and their silencers to minimize vibration and sound.

• Phasing out of old and worn out trucks.

• Provision of green belts along the road networks.

• Care will be taken to produce minimum sound during loading.

• Awareness will be imparted prior to mining operations that smoke silencers remain in

a good conditions not to generate noise.


Page 10/IX

9.12 TRAFFIC ANALYSIS From the analysis it has been seen that the V/C ratio will be modified to 0.39 and 0.24 with

LOS being “B” for both. So the additional load on the carrying capacity will not be affected

to any significant level.

9.13 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT The i mplementation o f the Kadiana sand m ining project w ill g enerate both di rect and

indirect employment. Besides, it will provide a check on existing system of mining

operation. S ince t he quarries will be al lotted o n l ease basi s, mining o peration w ill be

legally valid and i t will bring income to the state exchequer. It will also reduce flooding of

river banks, destruction of standing crops, land and property to a great extent. The project

will a lso provide impetus to industrialization of the area. Where transfer o f boulders into

bajri is necessary crushing units will come up. It is expected that intending entrepreneurs

will v enture t o set up m icro and sm all scale uni ts in t he near future making the ar ea a

mixed so ciety, depende nt on i ndustry, trade an d busi ness. A t p resent agriculture i s t he

main occupation of the people as more than half of the population depends on it. With the

implementation o f the p roposed mining p roject the occupational pa ttern of t he people i n

the area will change making more people engaged in industrial and business activities

rather in agriculture. Thus there will be a gradual shifting of population from agriculture to

mining and industry. Further, the mining and i ndustrial ac tivities in t he area may lead to

rapid i ncrease i n popul ation and t hereby ur banization. D ue t o ur banization of t he a rea,

employment opportunities will further increase.

9.14 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

Proper environmental management plan are proposed for “Sand” mining project to

mitigate the impact during the mining operation.

• Care will be taken that no labour camps are allowed on river bed.

• Care w ill be t aken that no co oking, o r bur ning of w oods will be al lowed i n the

adjoining area.

• No lighting will be allowed in the area.

• Prior to mining, short awareness program will be co nducted for l abours to m ake

them aware to way of working.

• If some causality or injury to animal occurs, it will be informed to forest department

and proper treatment will be given.


Page 11/IX

• No t ree cu tting, chopping, l umbering, uprooting o f shrubs and he rbs w ill be

allowed.

• Corridor movement of wild mammals (If exists) will not be disturbed.

• Care will be taken that noise produced during vehicles movement for carrying sand

is within the permissible noise level.

• No pilling of RBM material will be allowed in adjoining area.

• If wild animals are noticed crossing the river bed, they will not be disturbed or

chased away, instead the labours will move away from their path.

9.15 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

Environmental M anagement P lan se rves no p urpose i f i t i s not i mplemented w ith t rue

spirit. Some loopholes in the EMP can also be detected afterwards when it is implanted

and monitored. Thus, an implementation and monitoring programme has to be prepared.

The m ajor at tributes of env ironment a re n ot co nfined t o the mining si te al one.

Implementation o f p roposed co ntrol m easures and m onitoring pr ogramme h as an

implication on t he su rrounding ar ea as well as for t he r egion. Therefore, m ine

management will strengthen the existing control measures as elaborated earlier i n this

report and monitor t he efficacy o f the co ntrol measures i mplemented within t he m ining

area relating to the following specific areas for eco-friendly mining:

a. Collection of ai r and w ater samples at s trategic locations with f requency suggested

and by analyzing thereof. I f the parameters exceed the permissible tolerance l imits,

corrective regulation measure will be taken.

b. Collection of soil samples at strategic locations once in every year and analysis

thereof with regard to deleterious constituents, if any.

c. The e ffectiveness of dr ainage sy stem depends upon pr oper cl eaning of al l dr ains

provided i n t he surrounding o f mine a rea. A ny bl ockage due t o si ltation or l oose

material will be checked at least once in a month.

d. Measurement o f w ater l evel f luctuations in the nearby ponds, du g w ells and bor e

wells.

e. Regular visual examination will be ca rried out to look for erosion of river banks. Any

abnormal condition, if observed will be taken care of.

f. Measurement of noise levels at mine site, stationary and mobile sources, and

adjacent villages will be done in every quarter of the year.

g. Plantation/afforestation as will be done as per program i.e. along the road sides and

near civic amenities, which will be al lotted by Government bodies as it is not feasible


Page 12/IX

to pl ant trees near t he mine l ease ar ea. P ost plantation, the ar ea w ill be r egularly

monitored in every season for evaluation of success rate. For selection of plant

species local people will also be involved.

9.16 BUDGET ALLOCATION FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION Table 9.3 COST OF EMP

Sl. No Description Cost to be incurred

(in lakhs/annum)

1

Air Quality

a)Monitoring in the vicinity of the mine

b) Monitoring in the vicinity of the transportation network

c) Cost of dust suppression

2.0

2 Water Quality Water quality of surface and groundwater around the site

1.0

3 Ambient Noise Level 0.5

4 Soil Quality 0.5

5 Socio-economic condition of local, population, physical survey 0.12

6 Inventory of Flora(tree plantation, survival etc) & Fauna 0.5

7 Man power cost for environmental cell 0.5

TOTAL 5.12


Page 13/IX

9.17 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS:

Table 9.4 Monitoring Schedule and Parameters

Sl No

Description of Parameters Schedule and Duration of Monitoring

1 Air Quality: a) In the vicinity of the mine b) In the vicinity of the transportation network

24 hourly samples twice a week for one month in each season except monsoon season

2 Water Quality near or around the site: a) Surface water quality b) Ground water quality

Once in a season for 4 seasons in a year

3 Ambient Noise Level Twice a year for two years & then once a year

4 Soil Quality Once in two years on project monitoring area

5 Inventory of Flora(tree plantation, survival etc) & Fauna

Once in two years on project monitoring area

6 Socio-economic condition of local, population, physical survey

Once in 3 years

9.18 BENEFITS OF MINING i. Controlling river channel.

ii. Protecting river banks.

iii. Reducing submergence of adjoining agricultural lands.

iv. Reducing aggradations of river level.

v. Generating useful economic resource for construction.

vi. Generating employment.

vii. Improvement in socio economic conditions of the people of the study area.

***********

Project Name: Kadiana Sand Mine, Punjab. Final EIA/EMP Section – IX: Disclosure of Consultant Engaged

1/X

SECTION-X DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED

The E IA/EMP R eport f or Kadiana Sand Mine has been pr epared by Grass Roots Research & Creation India (P) Ltd.

Name of the Consultant Address

Grass Roots Research & Creation India (P) Ltd. F:374- 375, Sector: 63, Noida, India

ISO 9001: 2008 (QMS), 14001:2004 (EMS) & OHSAS 18001: 2007 Certified Co. Accredited by QCI/NABET.

Name of the Laboratory Address

GRC India Training and Analytical Laboratory F- 375, Sector: 63, Noida, India

NABL Accredited Laboratory, Recognized by MoEF under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. A unit of GRC India (P) Ltd.


2/X

The EIA/EMP report has been prepared under the guidance of the following Coordinator & Functional Area Experts:

EIA Coordinator Mr. K D Choudhury

FAE- AP Mr. K D Choudhury

FAE- NV Mr. K D Choudhury

FAE- EB Dr. P R Chaudhari

FAE- WP Dr. P R Chaudhari

FAE- SE Mr. K N Dutta

FAE- Soil Dr. S. R. Maley

FAE- Geology Dr. Tapan Mazumder

FAE- Hydrology Dr. Tapan Mazumder

FAE- RH Dr. Ravindra Kode

FAE- Land Use Mr. P Radhakrishnamoorthy

FAE- SHW Ms. Anasua Nag

FAE- AQM Prof. B Padmanabha Murty

The following team was involved under the guidance of experts for preparation of the report:

Personnel i nvolved i n

Preparation o f E IA/EMP

report as Team Member

Mr. Shahbaz Malik (Project Associate)

Mr. Ashish Verma(FAE)

Dr. P R Chaudhari(EIA-Coordinator)


3/X

Accreditation from Quality Council of India, QCI NABET Grass Roots Research & Creation India (P) Lt d. has got t he Initial accreditation from

QCI N ABET a nd ha s undergone S urveillance A ssessment as well. T he r esult o f

continued accreditation is published on the QCI website as SAAC 69th

As per t he r ecently publ ished Q CI NABET ‘ List o f A ccredited C onsultant

Organizations/Rev. 25/Dec 05, 2014’, listed in as accredited consultant, Category ‘A’ Sl.

No. 72. The l ist o f a ccredited co nsultants is published on Q CI NABET an d M oEF

websites as well.

and subsequent

Minutes of Meeting in the year 2013-14.

For reference, a snapshot of the list where GRC India’s name is listed is pasted below:


4/X

*********

ANNEXURES

85

/16

1

2

10

9

8

7

6

15

14

83

/13

12

11

18

23

24

17

16

23/2

1

2

3

4

7

81

/8

9

10

5

1

2

9

10

6

11 12

14

15 1113

18

20

21

19

22

80

/12

5/2

26

1/2

SURFACE PLAN

N

Scale (1:2000)

1cm=2000

LEGEND

S.noParticulars Symbol

1

2

3

4

5

6

Boundary

Contour line

Agri land

Govt. waste land

Grazing land

Khasra no

River sand

Road

Village :-

Tehsil :-

Dist :-

State :-

SAND MINE

Area :-

63/14

A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

B1

B2

B4

B3

C1 C2

C4

C3

C1

C2

C3

C4

D1 D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

D8

D9

D10

E1

E2

E3

E4

E5E6

E7

E8

E9

E10

E11

E12

E13

E14

kadiana

phillaur

Jalandhar

punjab

32.21 ha

Annexure II

Name of project Kadiana Sand Mine, Punjab Location code AQ-3

S.No Date PM2.5,µg/m3 PM10,µg/m3 SO2

µg/m3 ,

Nox (as NO2)

,µg/m3

USEPA IS:5182:Pt-

23 IS:5182:Pt-

2 IS:5182:Pt-

6 1 04.03.11 33.6 73.6 6.6 14.1 2 07.03.11 32.0 74.7 12.2 18.6 3 11.03.11 30.9 81.0 6.2 13.2 4 14.03.11 32.2 80.5 8.8 18.8 5 18.03.11 39.7 69.8 7.6 16.2 6 21.03.11 30.1 72.2 8.4 17.9 7 25.03.11 31.0 73.7 6.9 14.0 8 28.03.11 32.7 75.2 9.0 19.2 9 02.04.11 34.0 74.3 7.8 17.5

10 05.04.11 35.1 77.2 8.7 18.0 11 09.04.11 33.0 72.6 13.2 21.4 12 12.04.11 34.5 75.9 8.0 17.1 13 16.04.11 38.0 78.3 12.1 16.9 14 19.04.11 36.3 79.0 7.2 15.4 15 23.04.11 35.4 76.1 9.2 17.1 16 26.04.11 32.0 68.8 9.7 20.7 17 02.05.11 31.3 67.3 10.8 23.1 18 05.05.11 41.3 64.1 6.4 15.6 19 09.05.11 31.6 67.9 7.0 16.1 20 12.05.11 31.8 63.9 11.0 20.3 21 16.05.11 42.3 67.0 10.5 22.4 22 19.05.11 35.2 63.9 10.0 21.4 23 23.05.11 32.0 62.6 9.9 17.6 24 26.05.11 31.4 67.5 6.5 14.0

Minimum 30.1 62.6 6.2 13.2

Maximum 42.3 81.0 13.2 23.1

Average 34.1 72.0 8.9 17.8

98 Percentile 41.8 80.7 12.7 22.8 NAAQS (For 24 hrs. except CO) 60 100 80 80


S.No Date PM10,µg/m3 SO2 µg/m3

,

Nox (as NO2)

,µg/m3

IS:5182:Pt-

23 IS:5182:Pt-

2 IS:5182:Pt-

6 1 01.03.11 74.1 6.8 15.8 2 04.03.11 75.2 6.5 16.2 3 08.03.11 81.5 7.9 18.4 4 12.03.11 83.4 8.0 20.0 5 16.03.11 70.3 7.8 18.0 6 20.03.11 72.7 8.6 21.1 7 24.03.11 74.2 9.9 17.4 8 28.03.11 75.7 10.1 23.5 9 01.04.11 74.8 8.8 20.5

10 04.04.11 77.1 8.2 19.1 11 08.04.11 73.0 9.9 23.0 12 12.04.11 76.3 9.6 22.3 13 15.04.11 82.2 12.9 26.4 14 19.04.11 78.5 7.4 17.2 15 23.04.11 76.5 9.1 21.2 16 27.04.11 69.2 7.0 16.3 17 01.05.11 67.7 6.7 15.6 18 05.05.11 64.5 9.5 17.2 19 09.05.11 69.0 7.2 16.7 20 13.05.11 64.3 8.0 18.6 21 16.05.11 68.0 10.7 24.9 22 20.05.11 64.3 8.9 20.7 23 24.05.11 63.0 6.6 15.3 24 28.05.11 67.9 7.7 17.9

Minimum 63.0 6.5 15.3

Maximum 83.4 12.9 26.4

Average 72.6 8.5 19.3

98 Percentile 82.8 11.9 25.7 NAAQS (For 24 hrs. except CO) 100 80 80

Name of project Kadiana Sand Mine, Punjab Location name NEAR SASRALI Location code AQ-2

S.No Date PM10,µg/m3 SO2 µg/m3 , Nox (as NO2)

,µg/m3 IS:5182:Pt-23 IS:5182:Pt-2 IS:5182:Pt-6 1 03.03.11 73.4 8.6 16.3 2 06.03.11 76.9 8.3 15.7 3 10.03.11 73.9 10.8 20.4 4 13.03.11 75.5 8.8 16.6 5 17.03.11 76.4 9.6 18.1 6 20.03.11 78.3 11.8 22.3 7 24.03.11 75.0 8.5 16.1 8 27.03.11 82.6 10.0 18.0 9 01.04.11 81.1 7.9 16.6

10 04.04.11 85.6 8.1 17.0 11 08.04.11 83.5 11.9 19.5 12 11.04.11 85.4 12.0 17.3 13 15.04.11 91.2 15.2 26.3 14 18.04.11 89.4 12.4 28.0 15 22.04.11 87.3 11.0 25.4 16 25.04.11 81.4 9.9 21.0 17 01.05.11 78.1 10.0 22.4 18 04.05.11 77.4 13.6 23.1 19 08.05.11 81.6 9.5 16.6 20 11.05.11 77.1 8.4 17.6 21 15.05.11 73.6 8.2 18.6 22 18.05.11 75.5 11.7 24.6 23 22.05.11 73.0 9.2 17.4 24 25.05.11 72.9 7.2 16.6

Minimum 72.9 7.2 15.7

Maximum 91.2 15.2 28.0

Average 79.4 10.1 19.6




,

Nox (as NO2)

,µg/m3

IS:5182:Pt-

23 IS:5182:Pt-

2 IS:5182:Pt-

6 1 01.03.11 74.7 7.0 15.7 2 05.03.11 75.7 6.7 15.0 3 09.03.11 82.0 6.6 14.8 4 13.03.11 81.5 7.2 16.1 5 17.03.11 70.8 8.0 17.9 6 21.03.11 73.2 8.8 19.7 7 25.03.11 74.6 7.3 16.3 8 29.03.11 76.1 6.8 15.2 9 01.04.11 75.2 8.2 18.3

10 05.04.11 78.1 9.0 20.1 11 09.04.11 73.5 8.7 19.5 12 13.04.11 76.8 9.9 22.1 13 16.04.11 83.5 14.5 30.4 14 20.04.11 78.9 10.5 24.7 15 24.04.11 77.0 11.0 25.9 16 28.04.11 69.7 7.2 16.9 17 02.05.11 68.2 11.6 27.3 18 06.05.11 64.9 12.0 28.2 19 10.05.11 68.8 7.4 17.4 20 14.05.11 64.7 8.2 19.3 21 17.05.11 68.2 10.9 25.6 22 21.05.11 64.7 9.1 21.4 23 25.05.11 63.4 6.8 17.1 24 29.05.11 68.4 6.9 16.2

Minimum 63.4 6.6 14.8

Maximum 83.5 14.5 30.4

Average 73.0 8.8 20.0




,

Nox (as NO2)

,µg/m3

IS:5182:Pt-

23 IS:5182:Pt-

2 IS:5182:Pt-

6 1 03.03.11 75.7 7.4 16.4 2 07.03.11 76.8 8.5 18.8 3 11.03.11 83.3 7.0 15.5 4 15.03.11 82.5 7.6 16.8 5 19.03.11 71.8 8.4 18.6 6 23.03.11 74.2 9.2 20.3 7 27.03.11 75.6 7.7 17.0 8 31.03.11 77.1 10.0 19.7 9 03.04.11 76.1 9.3 20.6

10 07.04.11 79.0 8.8 19.4 11 11.04.11 74.4 9.1 20.1 12 15.04.11 85.6 13.8 26.3 13 18.04.11 81.1 9.9 21.9 14 22.04.11 79.8 8.0 17.7 15 26.04.11 77.8 11.5 25.4 16 30.04.11 70.5 7.6 16.8 17 04.05.11 69.0 10.8 23.9 18 08.05.11 65.8 7.2 15.9 19 12.05.11 69.7 11.0 24.3 20 15.05.11 65.6 8.6 19.0 21 19.05.11 69.0 11.3 25.0 22 23.05.11 65.6 9.5 21.0 23 27.05.11 64.3 7.2 15.9 24 31.05.11 69.2 7.3 16.1

Minimum 64.3 7.0 15.5

Maximum 85.6 13.8 26.3

Average 74.1 9.0 19.7

98 Percentile 84.5 12.7 25.9

NAAQS (For 24 hrs. except CO) 100 80 80

Annexure Data on Population, Literacy rate, Main & Marginal Workers in respect of identified

villages/towns in the Study Area

Sr.No Village/town/city

Name No. of

Households

Population Sex

Ratio SC

Over all Literacy

rate

Gender Gap in Literacy

Rate Total Male Female 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 Apra 1048 5963 3121 2842 911 2517 79.21 10.50 2 Bajra 698 3729 1983 1746 880 1267 77.30 11.98 3 Cheema Kalan 319 1594 821 773 942 578 67.70 7.25 4 Cheema Khurd 210 1059 545 514 943 458 69.76 11.43 5 Chhokran 389 2276 1216 1060 872 1186 79.31 13.63 6 Dheri 202 1155 616 539 875 165 72.36 15.43 7 Dhoula 101 575 316 259 820 384 60.67 22.00 8 Garhi Fazil 81 490 259 231 892 24 55.75 24.40 9 Gaunsgarh 36 188 99 89 899 0 55.33 25.07

10 Jahangirpur 423 2262 1225 1037 847 850 81.32 8.65 11 Jamalpur Leli 204 1353 722 631 874 394 69.06 14.24 12 Kakka 156 909 493 416 844 313 69.54 3.60 13 Kaneja 195 1171 622 549 883 91 58.34 13.76 14 Kang Kalan 238 1255 653 602 922 292 67.28 4.78 15 Kang Khurd 213 1210 621 589 948 607 67.12 9.09 16 Katana 159 839 423 416 983 271 79.43 4.76 17 Khawajke 136 779 441 338 766 476 65.01 9.34 18 Lasara 838 4546 2307 2239 971 1115 73.74 8.75 19 Mandi 439 2185 1105 1080 977 688 76.55 7.79 20 Mangat 402 2223 1180 1043 884 1206 68.70 18.95 21 Mangli Khas 109 594 336 258 768 299 70.40 11.58 22 Masani 300 1665 860 805 936 1233 68.82 10.96 23 Mattewara 274 1356 723 633 876 918 63.36 15.82 24 Mianwal 185 1206 633 573 905 80 57.61 16.78 25 Nagar 521 2940 1537 1403 913 1582 78.60 10.50 26 Nurwala 182 1143 604 539 892 562 73.03 4.17 27 Phalpota 328 1777 917 860 938 957 73.25 9.18 28 Raipur 10 53 28 25 893 0 64.00 21.90 29 Raipur 297 1702 911 791 868 868 66.73 10.47 30 Rasulpur 274 1571 777 794 1022 1062 71.92 6.34 31 Rawat 82 479 231 248 1074 429 20.35 17.23 32 Samrari 404 2061 1106 955 863 752 73.50 8.14 33 Sasrali 377 2259 1228 1031 840 0 61.43 20.23 34 Sattowal 87 459 238 221 929 120 61.52 1.02

35 Sattowal 143 815 434 381 878 177 63.91 -1.16 36 Sirah 277 1501 791 710 898 1135 61.17 17.31 37 Tehang 654 3562 1842 1720 934 1809 71.69 10.73 38 Thala 417 2279 1202 1077 896 1449 78.91 15.19 39 Kariana 245 1474 764 710 929 969 69.48 7.77

Total 11656 64661 33935 30733 - 27291 - -

Annexure (Continued)

Sr.No Village/town/city

Name

Workers Agricultural Workers HH Ind. Workers

Other workers Total Main Marginal Total Cultivators Agri. Labours

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1 Apra 2222 544 498 180 145 35 137 1905 2 Bajra 1135 153 49 354 281 73 39 742 3 Cheema Kalan 687 198 127 481 242 239 50 156 4 Cheema Khurd 292 11 17 174 83 91 9 109 5 Chhokran 729 127 31 218 156 62 3 508 6 Dheri 346 46 67 163 32 131 63 120 7 Dhoula 237 42 6 53 49 4 0 184 8 Garhi Fazil 149 19 0 30 26 4 12 107 9 Gaunsgarh 103 53 0 44 42 2 1 58

10 Jahangirpur 814 141 257 299 129 170 40 475 11 Jamalpur Leli 585 212 3 158 63 95 8 419 12 Kakka 391 105 63 123 59 64 0 268 13 Kaneja 485 166 111 79 46 33 13 393 14 Kang Kalan 408 40 26 288 147 141 3 117 15 Kang Khurd 424 66 81 264 155 109 29 131 16 Katana 424 158 9 115 96 19 10 299 17 Khawajke 340 106 13 152 37 115 2 186 18 Lasara 2164 879 344 688 542 146 26 1450 19 Mandi 658 109 85 254 197 57 35 369 20 Mangat 944 354 3 195 125 70 10 739 21 Mangli Khas 184 5 1 45 20 25 11 128 22 Masani 720 246 109 178 69 109 78 464 23 Mattewara 409 8 28 84 9 75 21 304 24 Mianwal 272 8 31 224 50 174 3 45 25 Nagar 893 114 29 366 198 168 36 491

26 Nurwala 533 193 48 194 133 61 3 336 27 Phalpota 687 166 83 177 136 41 19 491 28 Raipur 21 4 8 12 11 1 1 8 29 Raipur 501 44 10 303 126 177 23 175 30 Rasulpur 507 149 101 101 80 21 1 405 31 Rawat 111 4 4 16 12 4 0 95 32 Samrari 717 92 33 413 211 202 16 288 33 Sasrali 642 59 5 521 234 287 2 119 34 Sattowal 260 121 3 43 43 0 0 217 35 Sattowal 395 168 92 138 96 42 1 256 36 Sirah 546 160 128 176 68 108 2 368 37 Tehang 1067 71 232 368 255 113 59 640 38 Thala 1200 484 459 222 86 136 103 875 39 Kariana 513 88 0 397 216 181 2 114

Total 23726 5725 3207 8304 4720 3601 888 14572

APPENDIX

Q-1

PROFORMA FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL OF MINING PROJECTS

(MINING SECTOR PROJECTS)

1. General Information

1. General information

a Name of the project Kadiana Sand Mine, Jalandhar, Punjab.

I Name of the proponent GM-cum-Mining Officer, Jalandhar Punjab

ii Mailing Address General Manager-cum-Mining Officer,

District Industries Centre,

District Jalandhar

E-mail [email protected]

Telephone +91-9876363311 Fax No.

b Objective of the project River bed mining for sand

c Location of mine

Village Kadiana, H.B. No 168

Tehsil Phillaur

District Jalandhar

State Punjab

Note 1: All i nformation to be given i n t he form o f Annex/s should be pr operly

numbered and form part of reply to this proforma.

Note 2: Please enter √ in appropriate box where answer is Yes / No

Note 3: No abbr eviation t o be used - Not av ailable or Not appl icable should be

clearly mentioned.

Note 4: Core zone is the mining lease area.

Buffer zone in case of ML area up t o 25 ha is to be co nsidered as 5 km all

around the periphery of the core zone and for ML area above 25 ha an area

10 km all around the periphery of the core zone.

Note 5: Adopt Scoping process in carrying out EIA study.

Q-2

d Does the proposal relate to Yes No i New mine √ - ii Expansion - √ iii Increase in ML area - √ iv Increase in annual production - √ v Renewal of ML - √ vi Modernization - √ e Site Information i Geographical Location Latitude 31° 0'30.63"N to 31° 0'49.95"N Longitude 75°52'19.52"E to 75°53'2.81"E Survey of India Topo sheet number 44M/16 Elevation above Mean Sea Level Highest- 242 m

Lowest – 235 m

Total mining lease area (in ha.) 32.21 ha ii Dominant nature of terrain Yes No Flat √ - Undulated - √ Hilly - √

2. Land usage of the mining lease area (in ha.) a Agricultural - b Forest - c Waste land - d Grazing - e Surface water bodies - f Others (River Bed ) 32.21 Total 32.21

3. Indicate the seismic zone in which ML area falls. In case of zone IV & V, details of earth quakes in last 10 years.

Seismic Zone - III

a Severity (Richter Scale) b Impact i.e. Damage to Yes No Life - √ Property - √ Existing mine - √

Q-3

4. Break-up of mining lease area (in ha.) as per approved conceptual plan:

Purpose

Mining Lease Area

Total

Area acquired Area to be acquired

Government Private Government Private Government Private

Forest Others Agri. Others Forest Others Agri. Others Forest Others Agri. Others

1. Area to be excavated - 16.105 - - 16.105

2. Storage for top soil - - - - -

3. Overburden / Dumps - - - - -

4. Mineral storage - - - - -

5. Infrastructure

(Workshop,

Administrative Building)

- 0.001 - - 0.001

6. Roads - - - - -

7. Railways - - - - -

8. Green Belt - - - - -

9.Tailings pond - - - - -

10.Effluent treatment plant - - - - -

11.Coal handling plant /

mineral separation plant

- - - - -

12. Township area - - - - -

13.Other (Safety zone

including road)

- 16.094 - - 16.094

TOTAL - 32.21 - - 32.21

Q-4

5 Township (outside mining lease) Not Applicable a Total area (in ha) - b No. of dwelling units - c Distance from mine site - 6 Distance of water bodies (in km)

Distance from

River Bank * Other Water bodies * Sea / creek / lake / nalla etc.

(specify) Mining lease boundary

It is a river bed mining -

Ancillary facilities

- -

[* From highest flood line / high tide line]

7 For projects falling within the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Whether the mineral to be mined is of rare

nature and not available outside CRZ? Yes - No √

if yes, annex a sca led location m ap showing l ow t ide l ine ( LTL), high t ide l ine ( HTL) dul y demarcated by one of t he aut horized ag encies* [ * Director, S pace A pplication C entre, Ahmedabad: C entre for Earth S ciences S tudies, T hiruvananthapuram: Institute o f R emote Sensing, Anna University, Chennai: Institute of Wetland Management & Ecological Designs, KolKata: N aval H ydrographers’s Office, Dehradun: N ational I nstitute of Oceanography, Panjim, Goa: and N ational I nstitute o f Ocean Technology, C hennai], b oundary of m ining lease area, distance of ML area from LTL and HTL CRZ boundary and CRZ classification of the pr oject ar ea a s per t he appr oved C oastal Zone M anagement P lan, and se ttlements, sand dunes, mangroves, forest land/patches, turtles breeding and nest ing sites etc., if any, in the project area.

8 Indicate aerial distance from the periphery of core zone / area from the periphery of the buffer zone to the boundary of following (up to 10 km):

S. No.

Area Name

Aerial distance from (in km.)

Core Zon

e Buffer Zone

1. National Park / Sanctuary Nil - -

2. Biosphere Reserve / Tiger Reserve / Elephant Reserve / any other Reserve

Nil - -

3. Forest (RF / PF / unclassified)

Mattiwara (RF) Lodhowal (PF) Ludhiana (RF)

9 Km 8 Km 7 Km

4. Habitat for migratory birds Nil - 5. Corridor f or animals of

schedule I & I I o f the Wildlife ( Protection) A ct, 1972

Nil - -

6. Archaeological sites * Notified Nil - -

Q-5

* Others 7.

Defence Installation Nil - -

8. Industries / Thermal Power Plants

Nil - -

9. Other Mines Phillour

Lassara

- About 1 Km in SW direction

About 4 Km in East direction

10. Airport - 11. Railway Lines Ladhowal Railway Station

- About 8 Km in

SW direction 12. National / State Highways NH -1 - About 8 Km in

W direction [* B uffer zone in case of ML area up t o 25 ha. is to be considered as 5 km all around the periphery of t he co re z one and f or M L ar ea ab ove 25 ha. an ar ea 10 km all ar ound t he periphery of the core zone]. 9. Description of flora & fauna separately in the core and buffer zones.* [* Consult the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 as amended subsequently and list species with (1) Common na me ( 2) S cientific name and (3) under w hich sch edule of the Wildlife (Protection) Act the identified species fall. Get the list authenticated by an Expert in the field / credible sci entific institute / U niversity / C hief Wildlife Warden Office. Information t o b e based on field survey List of Flora & Fauna is given in Section III of Draft EIA report.

10 Details of mineral reserves (as per approved Mining Plan)

Quantity (in tonnes)

a Proved 8,69,670 b Indicated - c Inferred - d Mineable reserves 8,69,670

11 Major geological formation / disturbances in the mining lease area

Yes No

a Geological maps submitted √ - b Geological sections submitted - √ c Contour map submitted √ - d Whether the presence, if any, noted of I Faults - √ Ii Dykes - √ Iii Shear Zone - √ Iv Folds - √ V Other weak zones - √ e Source of data (Indicate) Eco- friendly mining plan

12 Production of mineral(s) and life of mine a Rated capacity of mine mineral wise (Tonnes /

annum) 2,89,890TPA

b Life of mine at proposed capacity (Years) - c Lease period (Years) - d Date of expiry of lease (D /M /Y) - e Indicate in case of existing mines -

Q-6

i Date of opening of mine - ii Production in the last 5 years 1st year 5th -

year from year……… to year ……… in million tonnes.

iii Projected production for the next 6th to 10th

- year 5 years from year ……… to year

………..in million tonnes. iv Whether mining was suspended after opening of

the mine? -

v If yes, details thereof including last production figure and reason for the same.

-

f Whether plans & sections provided? - 13 Type and method of mining operations

TYPE METHOD Opencast √ Manual - Underground - Semi-Mechanized √ Both - - -

14 Details of ancillary operations for mineral processing a Existing Not applicable b Additional Not applicable

15 Mine details a Opencast mine i Stripping ratio (mineral in tonnes to over burden in

m3-

) ii Ultimate working depth (in m bgl) 3 m iii Indicate present working depth in case of ex isting

mine (in m bgl) -

iv Thickness of top soil (in m.) - a Minimum - b Maximum -

c Average - v Thickness of overburden (in m.) - a Minimum - b Maximum -

c Average - vi Mining Plan a Height and width of the bench in overburden /

waste. -

b Height & width of the bench in ore body / coal seam.

-

c Proposed inclination / slope of the sides of the opencast mine (separately for overburden, coal / ore and overall slope of the pit sides) both while operating the mine as well as at the time of closure of the mine.

-

d Whether transverse sections across the open cast mine at the end of fifth year and at the end of the life of the mine have been submitted?

-

vii Type of blasting, if any, to be adopted - b Underground mine- Not Applicable

Q-7

i Seam / Ore body Min. Depth (m) - Max. Depth (m) - Avg. thickness (m) - Rate of dip - Direction of dip in degree -

ii Mode of entry into the mine Shaft - Adit - Incline -

iii Details of machinery On surface - At Face - For transportation - Others -

iv Method of stopping (metalliferrous mines) Open - Filled - Shrinkage - Caving - Combination of above - Others (Specify) - v Extraction method Caving - Stowing - Partial extraction -

vi Subsidence Predicted max. subsidence (in m) - Max. value of tensile strain (in mm/m) - Max. slope change (in mm/m) - Whether identified possible subsidence

area(s) superimposed on Surface Plan has been submitted?

-

Major i mpacts on su rface f eatures l ike nat ural drainage pattern, houses, buildings, water bodies, roads, forest, etc.

-

Salient features of subsidence management (monitoring and control).

-

16 Surface drainage pattern at mine site Yes No a Whether the pre-mining surface drainage plan

submitted? √

-

b Do you propose any modification / diversion in the existing natural drainage pattern at any stage? If yes, when. Provide location map indicating contours, dimensions of water body to be diverted, direction of flow of water and proposed route / changes, if any i.e. realignment of river / nallah / any other water body falling within core zone and its impact

- √

Q-8

17 Embankment and / or weir construction a Do you propose, at any stage, construction of i Embankment for protection against flood? No ii Weir for water storage for the mine? No b If so, provide details thereof. - c Impact of embankment on HFL and settlement

around. -

d Impact of weir on downstream users of water - 18 Vehicular traffic density (outside the ML area) Type of vehicles No. of vehicles per hour

a Existing Car, Jeep, Truck 75

b After the proposed activity Car, Jeep, Truck 117

c Whether the existing road network is adequate? Yes If no, provide details of alternative proposal? -

19 Loading, transportation and unloading of mineral and waste rocks on surface

Yes No

a Manual √ - b Tubs, mine cars, etc. - √ c Scraper, shovels, dumpers / trucks √ - d Conveyors (belt, chain, etc.) - √ e Others (specify) - √

20 Mineral(s) transportation outside the ML area Qty. (in TPD) Percentage

(%) Length (in

km)

a Road 1159 100 -

b Rail - - -

c Conveyors - - -

d Rope way - - -

e Water ways - - -

f Pipeline - - -

g Others (Specify) - - -

Total 1159 100

Q-9

21. Baseline Meteorological and Air Quality data (a) Micro-meteorological data

[Continuous monitoring through autographic instrument for one full season other than monsoon] (i) Wind rose pattern for one full season (16 points of compass i.e. N, NNE, NE, ---) based on 24-hourly data. For coastal area also

furnish day-time and night time data. • Day time • Night time • 24 – hours period

(ii) Site specific monitored data

Month

Wind Speed (kmph) Temperature (o Relative Humidity (%) C) Rain Fall * (mm)

Cloud Cover**

(Octas of sky)

Mean Max. % of

calm Mean

(Dry Bulb) Highest Lowest Mean Highest Lowest Total 24-hours

Highest No. of rainy days

Mean

March,11 3 14 1.9 - 31.1 8.6 - - - 11 4 2 -

April,11 3.4 15 1.0 - 39.7 10.8 - - - 21 12 2 -

May,11 4.2 20 0.84 - 42.2 20.8 - - - 25 19 1 -

* 24-hours rainfall should be reported from 08:30 hrs. IST of previous day to 08:30 hrs. IST of the day. * Rainy day is considered when 24 hrs. rainfall is ≥ 2.5 mm. ** Visual observations of cloud cover should be recorded four times a day at regular intervals.

(iii) Indicate name and distance of the nearest IMD meteorological station from which climatological data have been obtained

for reporting in the EIA report, if any.Ludhiana 19 Km SE Direction (b) Ambient air quality data* (RPM, SPM, SO2, and NOx)

[*Monitoring should be carried out covering one full season except monsoon – same season as in 21 (a) (i)]

Q-10

[*Frequency of sampling: Sampling to be done twice a week for the entire season 24 hour ly for SPM & RPM. For gaseous pollutants 24- hourly data be given irrespective of the sampling period. ]

(i) Season and period for which monitoring has been carried out. Pre Monsoon (March-May, 2011) (ii) No. of samples collected at each monitoring station: 24

Name of monitoring equipment

used

PM2.5 (µg/m3 PM) 10 (µg/m3 SO) 2 (µg/m3 No) x (µg/m3 Pb** )

Envirotech FPS – APM 5.50

RDS 460 BL APM 411 attachment with RDS 460 BL

APM 411 attachment with RDS 460 BL

-

Equipment sensitivity

< 0.5 µg/m3 from 0.000 mg to 0.100

mg/ m3

< 0.5 µg/m3 from 0.000 mg to 0.100 mg/ m3

< 0.5 µg/m3 from 0.000 mg to 0.100

mg/ m3

< 0.5 µg/m3 from 0.000 mg to 0.100

mg/ m3

-

Permissible AAQ standard (CPCB) R

I

S

60 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 -

60 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 -

60 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 -

Monitoring Location

No. of Sampl

es Drawn

Category* (R, I, S)

Min. Max. 98%

tile Min. Max. 98% tile Min. Max. 98%

tile Min. Max. 98% tile

Min.

Max.

98% tile

Core zone CA 24

1 I 30.1 42.3 41.8 62.6 81.0 80.7

6.2 13.2 12.7 13.2 23.1 22.8 - - -

Buffer zone BA 24

1 R

- - - 63.0 83.4 92.8 6.5 12.9 11.9 15.3 26.4 25.7 - - -

BA 24 2 R - - - 72.9 91.2 90.4 7.2 15.2 14.5 15.7 28.0 27.2 - - -

BA 24 3 R - - - 63.4 83.5 82.8 6.6 14.5 13.4 14.8 30.4 29.4 - - -

BA 24 4 R - - - 64.3 85.6 84.5 7.0 13.8 12.7 15.5 26.3 25.9 - - -

*R = Residential; I = Industrial; S = Sensitive **Pb for mineral specific sites only. # Annex a location map indicating location of AAQ stations, their direction and distance with respect to project site. (AAQ station location map is attached in Section III)

Q-11

22. Stack and emission details, if any* Not Applicable

S. No.

Process / unit of operation (e.g. DG Set, Boiler)

Height of stack (m)

Internal top dia. (m)

Flue gas exit velocity (m/sec)

Emission rate (kg/hr) Heat emission rate from top of stack (K.cal/hr)

Exhaust / Flue gas

SPM SO NO2 CO x Temp

ODensity

C Specific

Heat Volumetric flow rate (m3/hr.)

23. Details of fugitive emissions during mining operations It is observed that the ground level concentration (GLC) decreases from 14.33 µg/m3 at 100 m from the centre line of the road to 3.03 µg/m3 at

500 m from the centre line of the road. The values have been predicted for a dry unpaved road. These values are quite low and decrease fast

with the increasing distance from the road.

24. Air Quality Impact Prediction (AQIP)* Details Given in Section IV (a) Details of model(s) used for AQIP including grid

size, terrain features, and input meteorological data

(b) Maximum incremental GLC values of pollutants based on prediction exercise

(in μg/m3

S. No. )

Pollutants

Incremental Value Ambient Air Quality Resultant Air Quality

1. SPM 2**. SO 2 3**. NO X

[* Question Number 22, 23 & 24 need not be filled-in for mines having ML area of 25 ha. or less.] [**Information on item no. 2 & 3 to be provided in cases with captive power generation of 500 KVA and above]

Q-12

25. Water requirement (m3

Purpose

/day)

Avg. Demand Peak Demand A. Mine site 1. Mine operation - -

2. Land reclamation - -

3. Dust suppression 1.28 1.28

4. Drinking 1.00 1.00

5. Green Belt - -

6. Beneficiation - -

7. Washeries - -

8. Fire Service - -

9. Others (specify) - -

B. Township 1. Green Belt - -

2. Domestic - -

C. Other (specify) - -

Total 2.28 2.28

26. Source of water supply*

S. No. Source m3/day

1 River (name) -

2 Ground water 2.28 KLD from nearby village

3 Mine water (sump / pit) -

4 Other surface water bodies (specify) -

[*Annex a co py of sanction letter / permission from the concerned authority (Central Ground Water Authority i n case of ground water abst raction i s from not ified ar ea / State Ground Water Board in case of non-notified area / State Irrigation Department for surface water pumping) for drawing water.]

Q-13

27 Lean season flow in case of pumping from river / nalla (cumecs)

Not applicable

28 Ground water potential of the study area 28.1 Ground water availability

a Range of water table (m bgl) - i Pre-monsoon (April/May) Core Zone 8-15 Buffer zone - ii Post-monsoon (November) Core Zone 5-10 Buffer zone -

b Total annual r eplenishable r echarge ( million m 3 - / year)

c By ground water table fluctuation method - d By rainfall infiltration factor method - e Annual draft excluding estimated draft through

mine discharge (million m3-

/ year) f Estimated draft through mine discharge (million m3 - /

year) g Net annual ground water availability (million m3 - /

year) h Stage of ground water development (%) -

28.2. Water demand - Competing users of the water source

S. No. Usage Present Consumption

(m3

Additional proposed as per local plan

(m/day) 3Total

(m/day)

3/day)

Surface Ground Surface Ground Surface Ground 1 Domestic - 1.00 - 1.00 2 Irrigation - - - - 3 Industry - - - - 4 Mining - - - -

5

Others (Dust

suppression)

- 1.28 - 1.28

Total - 2.28 - 2.28 29. Water quality* (a) Annex physico -chemical analysis of water at intake point **

Given in details in Section III (b) In case of existing mine, annex report on quality of water discharge

i.e. complete physico - chemical analysis** [*For non -discharging m ines at l east four gr ound w ater sa mples to be t aken preferably f rom dow nstream di rection o f the mine i n pr e-monsoon and post-

Q-14

monsoon per iods and anal ysed. For di scharging m ines six sa mples are t o be analysed]

**All parameters as per BIS 10500. Indicate name of Methodology, Equipment used for analysis, and Detection Level (DL) for each parameter.

*** Wherever any analytical parameter is below detection level, “BDL” (Below Detection Level) should be written instead of ‘NIL’.

30. Impact on ground water regime / stream / lake / springs due to mine dewatering *

a Radius of influence (in m) [To be estimated based on analysis of pumping test data and application of empirical formula]

-

b Whether saline water ingress will take place? (applicable to coastal areas)

-

c Impact on stream / lake / springs - [* Provide a comprehensive hydro-geological assessment report if the average mine dewatering is more than 100 m3/day and or going below water table in non-monsoon period. The report should be based on preferably latest one year pre-monsoon and post -monsoon base line dat a co vering i nformation on ground w ater situation, aquifer characteristics, water level conditions (April – May and November), estimate of ground water resources, predicted impact of the project on ground w ater r egime a nd det ailed r emedial / conservation m easures su ch as artificial recharge of ground water etc. The report should be based on actual field inventory out of existing wells, at least 30 obse rvation wells in the buffer zone with supplementary i nformation f rom se condary so urces (mention nam e). For estimation** of ground water resource (refer question no. 28 above) be designated study area of the buffer zone may be sub-divided into command and non-command areas, watershed-wise (in case of hard rock / consolidated formations) / block-wise / mandal-wise in case of alluvial / unconsolidated formations)]

[**For est imating ground water r esources in t he ar ea follow t he G round Water

Estimation Committee recommendations of 1997]

31. Waste Water Management Not Applicable a Daily average discharge (m3 /day) from

different sources i Mine water discharge during Lean period Monsoon period ii Workshop iii Domestic (mine site) iv Beneficiation / Washeries v Coal Handling Plant vi Tailings pond vii Others (Specify) Total b Waste water treatment plant; flow sheet for

treatment process attached.

c Quantity of water recycled / reused / to be recycled in

i Percentage

Q-15

ii m3 /day d Point of final discharge Final Point Quantity discharged (in

m3/day) 1 Surface i Agricultural land ii Waste land iii Forest land iv Green belt 2 River / nallah 3 Lake 4 Sea 5 Others (specify) Total e Users of discharge water Yes No i Human ii Livestock iii Irrigation iv Industry v Others (specify) F Details of the river / nalla, if final effluent is /

will be discharged (cumecs)

i Average flow rate ii Lean season flow rate iii Aquatic life iv Analysis of river water 100 meters upstream

and 100 meters downstream of discharge point submitted.

g Township a Waste water generation from township

(m3/day)

b Are you planning to provide sewage treatment plant?

c Usage of treated water 32. Attach water balance statement in the form of a flow diagram

indicating source (s), consumption (Section-wise) and output.

Purpose Demand(KLD) Domestic 1.00 Dust suppression 1.28

Total 2.28

33 Ambient noise level leq dB(A)

Details given in Section III

34 Solid Waste- Not Applicable a Top soil and Solid waste quantity and quality

Name (Lump/fines/slurry/

Sludge/others)

Composition Quantity (m3

Method of disposal /month)

Mining activity*

Q-16

a. Top Soil b. Over burden c. Others (specify) Effluent Treatment

Plant (sludge)

Total [* Annex layout plan indicating the dump sites.]

b (i) Does waste (s) contain any hazardous/toxic substance/radioactive materials or heavy metals?

(ii) If yes, whether details and precautionary measures provided?

c Recovery and recycling possibilities. d Possible user(s) of the solid waste.

e (i) Is the solid waste suitable for backfilling? (ii) If yes, when do you propose to start

backfilling?

Solid waste (s)

Already accumulated

(A)

To be generated

(B)

% of A & B to be backfilled

A B Over burden

Others (specify)

Land reclamation Plan Not Applicable f In case waste is to be dumped on the

ground, indicate

i Associated environmental problems ii Number & type of waste dumps No. of external dumps Max. projected height of dumps (in m) No. of terraces and height of each stage Overall slope of the dump (degree) Proposed reclamation measures

iii Section of the waste dump in relation to the adjacent ground profile attached

35 Fuel / Energy requirements* [*To be furnished for mines having ML area m than 25 ha. or captive power generation of 500KVA and above]

Not Applicable

a Total power requirement (in MW) S. No. Mine Site Township Others (specify) Total

1 Present 2 Proposed

/ additional

Total b Source of power (in MW)

S. No. SEB/Grid* Captive power plant DG Sets 1 Present

Q-17

2 Proposed / additional

Total [* Annex a copy of the sanction letter from the concerned authority]

c Details of fuels S.No. Fuel Daily Consumption

(TPD) Calorific

value (Kcals/kg)

% Ash % Sulphur

Existing Proposed 1 HSD 2 LSHS 3 Other

(specify)

36 Storage of inflammable / explosive materi Not Applicable S.

No. Name Number of

Storages Consumption

(in TPD) Maximum Quantity at

any point of time 1 Fuels 2 Explosives

37 Human Settlement Core Zone Buffer Zone

Population*

- -

No. of villages

- -

Number of households village-wise

- -

[* As per 2001 census record or actual survey] 38. Rehabilitation & Resettlement (R&R) Plan*

[*Provide a co mprehensive r ehabilitation plan, if m ore t han 1000 peopl e ar e l ikely t o be displaced, other-wise a summary plan]

Not Applicable

a Villages falling within the study area Villages Number Name Core zone 500 m from the blasting site (s)

Buffer zone Township site

b Details of village(s) in the core zone S.

No. Village name

Population* Average Annual

Income Tribal Others 1

[*As per 2001 census / actual survey] c Population to be displaced and / or Land

Oustees

Name of village(s) falling within Number of oustees

Q-18

Land (only)

Homestead (only)

Land and Homestead (both)

Mining Lease 1.

Township Site 1.

d Whether R&R package has been finalised? If yes, salient features of R&R plan for oustees.

Not Applicable

i Site details where the people are proposed to be r esettled & facilities existing / t o be created.

ii Funds earmarked for compensation package iii Agency /Authority responsible for their

resettlement.

iv Time of co mmencement of r esettlement of Project Affected People (PAP).

v Period by which resettlement o f PAP will be over.

39 Lease -wise plantation details Not Applicable a Lease area (in ha.) Existing Proposed i. Area broken up - - ii. To be broken up - - iii. Area not to be broken-up - - b Township area (in ha.) - c Area afforested and proposed (in ha.) -

Peripheral Dumps Roads Township Others i Existing ii Proposed

d No. and type of trees planted and proposed i Existing When plantation was started? Month / Year

No.of plant species planted Number saplings (per ha.)

- - Survival rate % Avg. height

ii Proposed No. of plant species to be planted Number of saplings (per

ha.) - -

40 Environmental health and safety a What major health and safety hazards are

anticipated? None

What provisions have been made/proposed to be made to conform to health and safety requirements?

As per Mines Act/ Rules

In case of an existing mine i Comprehensive report on health status

of the workers as under the Mines Act annexed

As per Mines Act/ Rules

Q-19

ii Mineralogical composition of RPM (dust) • Free silica - • Chromium* (Total as well as

Hexavalent) Not applicable

• Lead** [* Only for Chromite mines] [**Only for Base Metal mines]

Not applicable

Information on radiation protection measures, if applicable

Not applicable

41. Environmental Management Plan Salient features of environmental protection measures

S. No.

Environmental issues* Already practiced, if applicable

Proposed

1 Air pollution

- Regular water sprinkling

2 Water pollution - Retaining wall around dump. 3. Water conservation

- General awareness

4. Noise pollution - Preventive maintenance of machines, use of ear plugs.

5. Solid waste / Tailings - Not applicable 6.

Land degradation - Not applicable

7. Erosion & Sediment - Not applicable 8.

Top soil - Not applicable

9.

Ground vibration - Not applicable

10. Wildlife conservation

- Not applicable

11. Forest protection

- Not applicable

12. Others (specify)

- Social training and general awareness

Q-20

[* As applicable]

42 Compliance with environmental safeguards (For existing units)

Yes No

Status of the compliance of conditions of Environmental clearance issued by MoEF, if any, enclosed.

- √

Status of the compliance of ‘Consent to Operate’ issued by SPCB, if any, enclosed.

- √

Latest 'environmental statement' enclosed. - √ 43 Scoping of EIA Whether environmental impact assessment

of the project has been carried out by following scoping process?

Yes

If yes, a copy of scoping of EIA annexed. Details given in Section I 44 Mine closure a Have you planned mine closure? No b Submitted a conceptual mine closure plan. No c If yes, indicate estimated amount for

implementing the same (in Rs. lakhs) No

45 Capital cost of the project (in Rs. Lakh) (Based on latest estimate)

Rs. 260.90

46. Cost of environmental protection measures

(in Rs. Lakh)

S. No.

Capital cost Annual recurring cost

Existing Proposed Existing Proposed

1 Pollution Control (Separately provide break-up)

- - - 0.6

2 Pollution Monitoring (Separately provide break-up)

- - - 3.4

3 Occupational Health - - - 0.12

4 Green Belt • Mine • Township

- - - 0.5

5 Reclamation / Rehabilitation

of mined out area - - - -

6 Others (Man power cost for environmental cell)

- - - 0.5

Total -

-

-

5.12

Q-21

47 Amount earmarked for socio-economic

welfare measures for the nearby villages other than R&R plans.

48 Public Hearing a Date of Advertisement 07/07/2014 b Newspapers in which the advertisement appeared Jagbani & Hindustan Times c Date of public hearing (DD/MM/YYYY) 05/08/2014 d Public Hearing Panel chaired by & members

present Manohar Lal Chauhan Environmental Engineer Punjab Pollution Control Board Regional Office, Jalandhar. Er. Sandeep Kaur Asst. Environmental Engineer Punjab Pollution Control Board Regional Office, Jalandhar Sh. Pritam Singh PCS, ADM, Jalandhar

e No. of people attended the public hearing meeting and number of people from the lease area.

About 100

f Summary/details of public hearing in tabular form. Details are attached in Section VI

49 Whether the following approvals* (wherever

applicable) have been obtained? YES NO

a Site clearance from MoEF - √ b Consent for Establishment’ from the State Pollution

Control Board - √

c NOC from Atomic Mineral Division - √ d Mining plan approval from IBM / Ministry of Coal - √ e In case of existing mines, mining scheme approval

from IBM - √

f Forestry clearance under FCA, 1980 - √ g NOC from Chief Controller of Explosives - √ h Commitment regarding availability / pumping of

water from the concerned Authorities - √

i In case of ML area falling in notified areas of the Central Ground Water Authority, NOC from them.

- √

[* Annex copies of approvals and number them]

50 Was / is there any court case relating to the project or related activities? If so, provide details present status.

NO

Q-22

Verification: The data and information given in this proforma are true to the best of my knowledge and belief.

Date: Signature of the applicant* with full name & address Place: [* Owner or his authorized signatory]

Given under the seal of organisation on behalf of whom the applicant is signing

Documents

GGMMM--cccuuummm---MMiiinnniiinnnggg i …environmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/EIA/26022015H0...(Accredited by NABL & Recognized by MoEF, GoI) A unit of GRC India INDEX Serial