Slide 1

Getting to California ____________ - created to deal with the energy crisis the nation was facing in the late 1970s due to extreme weather and dependency on foreign nations for oil. ____________ - Niagara Falls, NY neighborhood that was a dumping ground for toxic waste ____________ - power plant in Pennsylvania that experienced a radiation leak heightening the fear of nuclear energy ____________ - In an attempt to get peace in the Middle East, Egypt becomes the first Arab nation to recognize Israels right to exist due to negotiations organized by Carter ____________ - due to the Soviet Unions invasion of this nation, Jimmy Carter ordered that the US boycotted the 1980 Summer Olympics that were to be held in Moscow ____________ - Americans are held hostage for 444 days due to Carter allowing the shah of Iran to get medical treatment in the United States. Nightly protests of Iranian students led by the Ayatollah Khomeini and a failed rescue attempt paralyze Carters presidency. Ch 27 Sec 3.2: Jimmy Carter Slide 2 Intro 2 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Textbook Assignment (pp.820-22/pp.846-47) 1)What tipped off the residents of Love Canal that something was wrong with their neighborhood and what did they expect the government to do about it? 2)How did the accident at Three Mile Island have an impact on nuclear energy in this country? Ch 26 Sec 4: The Environmental Movement Ch 27 Sec 3: Carter Battles the Economic Crisis 1)What appealed American voters to Jimmy Carter in the 1976 Presidential election? 2)What were some of the circumstances that led to an energy crisis during the Carter Administration? Slide 3 Intro 4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Chapter Objectives Section 3: Carter Battles the Economic Crisis Explain the reasons for economic troubles in the United States during the 1970s. Discuss Jimmy Carters domestic and foreign policies. Slide 4 Section 3-1 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Guide to Reading During the late 1970s, President Jimmy Carter attempted to lead the United States through both domestic and foreign crises. Department of Energy Main Idea Key Terms and Names blizzard Love Canal Three Mile Island Slide 5 Section 3-15 The Bicentennial Election Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Carter was a one term governor of Georgia and former peanut farmer who promised to restore honesty and morality to the federal government. (pages 846847) After winning the Presidency and taking the oath of office, Carter demonstrated that he was a man of the people by walking from the Capitol to the White House. Slide 6 FYI 4-1 For the first time in American history, the Presidents family become part of pop culture, with Carters brother Billy being an admitted redneck and using his new fame to make some money for himself. "Beer is not a good cocktail-party drink, especially in a home where you don't know where the bathroom is." All in the Family Slide 7 Section 3-15 Carter Battles the Economic Crisis Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. President Carter focused most of his attention on the energy crisis. His efforts were unsuccessful. Carter proposed a national energy program to conserve oil and to promote the use of coal and renewable energy sources. He had Congress create the Department of Energy. Slide 8 Section 3-15 Carter Battles the Economic Crisis Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. He asked Americans to reduce energy consumption, which most Americans ignored. Slide 9 FYI 4-1 When President Carter entered the office not only did he have to face the energy crisis but he also had to deal with two of the coldest winters in United States history with the Blizzards of 1977 and 1978. Carter vs. Mother Nature Slide 10 Section 4-12 Residents at a local housing development near Niagara Falls, New York, known as Love Canal, began noticing a high incidence of health problems within their community. Carters Environmental Challenges Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 820822) Slide 11 Section 4-12 It was discovered that the community was on a toxic waste dump. Carters Environmental Challenges Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 820822) Slide 12 Section 4-12 Through dramatic community activism, the state permanently relocated 200 families. President Jimmy Carter later relocated the remaining 600 families. Carters Environmental Challenges Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 820822) Slide 13 Section 4-13 Issues regarding nuclear energy were debated. Supporters of nuclear energy claimed it was cleaner and less expensive than fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, or natural gas, which have a limited supply. Opponents warned of risks, including consequences of an accidental radiation release. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 820822) Carters Environmental Challenges Slide 14 Section 4-14 On March 28, 1979, one of the reactors at the Three Mile Island nuclear facility overheated, causing low levels of radiation to escape. Although the plant was eventually declared safe, the incident left the public in doubt about the safety of nuclear energy. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 820822) Carters Environmental Challenges Slide 15 Section 3-16 Scholars have suggested that Carters difficulties in solving the nations economic and environmental problems were the result of his lack of leadership and inability to work with Congress. Carter Battles the Economic Crisis Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 846847) Slide 16 Time Notebook 8 Its clear that the true problems of our nation are much deeper -- deeper than gasoline lines or energy shortages, deeper even than inflation or recession. And I realize more than ever that as President I need your help.. The erosion of our confidence in the future is threatening to destroy the social and the political fabric of America. President Jimmy Carter July 20 th, 1979 This feature is found on pages 730731 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Slide 17 Section 3-16 A 1979 public opinion poll showed that Carters popularity had dropped lower than President Nixons rating during Watergate. Carter Battles the Economic Crisis Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 846847) Slide 18 Section 3-18 Carters Foreign Policy Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. President Carters foreign policy focused on human rights. He wanted a Morality in Diplomacy Carter won Senate ratification of two Panama Canal treaties, which transferred control of the canal to Panama on December 31, 1999. (pages 847849) Slide 19 Section 3-20 In 1978 Carter helped get a historic peace treaty, known as the Camp David Accords, signed between Israel and Egypt. Most Arab nations in the region opposed the treaty, but it marked the first step toward peace in the Middle East. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 847849) Slide 20 Section 3-19 President Carter singled out the Soviet Union as a violator of human rights because of its practice of imprisoning people who protested against the government. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 847849) Slide 21 Section 3-19 Tensions deepened as the Soviet Union invaded the Central Asian nation of Afghanistan in December 1979. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 847849) Slide 22 Section 3-19 Carter responded with an embargo on grain to the Soviet Union and a boycott of the Summer Olympic Games in Moscow. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 847849) Slide 23 FYI 2-1 With the Soviets invading Afghanistan and being a threat to oil reserves in the Middle East, in the 1980s the United States government looked for the help of Afghanistan rebels against the Soviet Union. New Alliances for the 80s Slide 24 Section 3-21 Since 1953, Mohammed Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran had historically been supported by the United States due to his pro- western philosophy and the security of Iranian oil reserves (60% of Irans oil went to the U.S.). Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 847849) Slide 25 Section 3-21 In January 1979, the Shah, was forced to flee due to his pro-western views and his secret police actions against those that did not follow him. As a result, an Islamic republic was declared. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 847849) Slide 26 Section 3-21 February 1 st, 1979 - Muslim fundamentalist leader Ayatollah Khomeini returns to Iran after 15 years in exile in Paris He distrusted the United States due to its past support for the Shah. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 847849) Slide 27 Section 3-21 The Shah who is living in exile and wanted by the current Iranian government for crimes against their people is diagnosed with cancer and asks for permission to come to the United States for treatment. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 847849) Slide 28 Section 3-21 October 22, 1979 Jimmy Carter gives the Shah permission to enter the United States for treatment. The Ayatollah declares that America is The Great Satan and An Enemy of Islam. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 847849) Slide 29 Section 3-21 November 4 th, 1979 400 student revolutionaries entered the American embassy in Tehran and take 66 Americans hostage. The Iranians demand that the Shah is returned to stand trial for his crimes against the Iranian people. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. (pages 847849) Slide 30 FYI 2-1 Some historians argue that one of the students that was involved in the embassy takeover was current Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Although he has denied any personal involvement in the taking of the embassy, some photographic evidence suggests that he may of in fact been there. Current President of Iran involved? Slide 31 Section 3-22 November 19 th, 1979 The Iranians release 13 of the hostages because they were either women or African Americans. One other hostage was released because he was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) (pages 847849) Slide 32 FYI 2-1 The initial takeover plan was to hold the embassy for only a few hours, but it soon changed. Khomeini made no comment on the occupation for several days, and due to his silence and lack of condemnation, the students held it longer. The Ayatollah never ordered the takeover, he only asked for the students to display their anger towards United States and Israeli interests. Yet once Carter did not make an immediate military strike (as many feared) the crisis continued. This was only to last a few hours Slide 33 Section 3-22 Dec 15, 1979 - The Shah, still ill, leaves the United States and flies to what is called temporary exile in Panama. Panama is the only nation willing to help Carter, largely due to his canal deal with them earlier. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) (pages 847849) Slide 34 FYI 2-1 The ABC News television show Nightline was originally put on the air as a nightly update of the Iranian hostage crisis. Every night after the local news they would give updates on the situation. The birth of Slide 35 Section 3-22 March 23, 1980 - The United States is preparing to extradite the Shah back to Iran but before they can he leaves Panama for Cairo, accepting an invitation for medical treatment and sanctuary by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) (pages 847849) Slide 36 Section 3-22 April 25, 1980 A U.S. military mission to rescue the hostages by force (Operation Eagle Claw) is cancelled in the desert outside of Tehran due to weather concerns as two helicopters crash into one another killing eight U.S. servicemen. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) (pages 847849) Slide 37 Section 3-22 July 27, 1980 The Shah of Iran dies of cancer in Egypt. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) (pages 847849) Slide 38 Section 3-22 September 22, 1980 Knowing that the hostage crisis in Iran is leaving them diplomatically isolated, Iraq invades Iran sparking a war which will last the rest of the decade. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) (pages 847849) Slide 39 FYI 2-1 Knowing that a war with Iraq will help us against Iran as well as guarantee secured oil supplies, the United States builds relations by selling weapons to Iraq during the war. The U.S. will also later on sell weapons to the Ayatollah in Iran to help negotiate the release of hostages during the Iran- Contra controversy. New Alliances for the 80s Slide 40 Section 3-22 The Iranian hostage crisis will leave the Carter presidency paralyzed for the rest of his term. With the poor economy and various foreign policy disasters, the American spirit is wounded by 1980 and his reelection is looked at as very unlikely. Carters Foreign Policy (cont.) (pages 847849) Slide 41 End of Section 3