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Gerunds and InfinitivesExplanation and Rules

Why do we use Gerunds? (verb + ing)

1. We use gerunds after certain verbs

• He enjoys spending time with you.

2. We use gerunds after prepositions

• She visited us after going there

3. We use gerunds to make verbs objects or subject in the sentence

• Learning English is fun.

4. We use gerunds after phrasal verbs

• He is looking forward to seeing you.

Why do we use Infinitives? (to + infinitive)

1. We use in�nitives after certain verbs

• She wants to become an engineer.

2. We use in�nitives after some adjectives

• It is really easy to learn English.

3. We use in�nitives to express a purpose in the sentence

• She went home to do her homework.

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Gerunds List abhor Give up (stop)

acknowledge keep (con�nue) admit keep on advise men�on allow mind (object to) an�cipate miss appreciate necessitate avoid omit be worth permit can’t help picture celebrate postpone confess prac�ce consider prevent defend put off delay recall detest recollect discon�nue recommend discuss report dislike resent dispute resist dread resume endure risk enjoy shirk escape shun evade suggest explain support fancy tolerate fear understand feel like urge feign warrant finish forgive

Infinitive List

agree mean appear need arrange neglect ask offer a�empt pay beg plan can/can’t afford prepare can/can’t wait pretend care profess chance promise choose prove claim refuse come remain consent request dare resolve decide say demand seek deserve seem determine shudder elect strive endeavor struggle expect swear fail tend get threaten grow (up) turn out guarantee venture hesitate volunteer hope wait hurry want incline wish learn would like manage yearn

Verbs followed by a gerund or infinitivebegin can’t bear can’t stand con�nue hate like love prefer propose start

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Infinitive List Verbs followed by a gerund or infinitive (but their meanings change)

forget I forgot to talk to her. (I couldn’t talk to her because I forgot.) I forgot talking to her. (I can’t remember such an event.)

remember I remembered to give him the answers. (I didn’t forget to give answers.) I remember giving him the answers. (I have the memory of giving them.)

stop I stopped to smoke. (I stopped one ac�on to smoke cigare�e.) I stopped smoking. (I gave up smoking.)

try I tried to call you. (I tried it but couldn’t talk to you.) I tried calling you. (It was one of the ways to talk to you.)