TO-INFINITVE OR GERUND?

To-infinitive or gerund (verb+ing)?

It is important to know how to choose between the to-infinitive and the

gerund of the verb.

Change the verbs below to the appropriate form.

1. 2.

4. 3.

6

5.

.

Use gerund Use the to-infinitive

1. 1.

2. 2.

3.

Use the gerund or the to

infinitive ___________________

1.

I’m worried aboutlose my money.

I plan go around the world .

I enjoy go to strange places.

It’s important go with someone.

Stay in hotels is exciting.I like visit museums.

PRACTICE

Read the letter and underline the correct verb form.

VERB PATTERNS

PRACTICE

Complete the following text with the gerund or to-infinitive form of the verbs in parentheses.

“I’ll have a Big Mac, a large fries and a medium soda.” The language may change, but you can expect ____________ (hear) this order in more than 100 countries all over the world. Fast food has become almost synonymous with McDonald’s, the best known of all multinational fast-food restaurant chains. At the moment, Antarctica is the only continent that doesn’t (yet!) have a McDonald’s. And the numbers keep ____________________ (grow). In the United States alone, most McDonald’s customers need ___________ (travel) less than four minutes to arrive at the next golden arch.

___________ (dine) on fast food has become a way of life for millions and millions of people, from Illinois, U.S.A. (the first McDonald’s location) to Colombo, Sri Lanka (a more recent opening). What is it about ___________ (eat) on the run that so many people find appealing? Of course, the most obvious answer is that, true to its name, fast food is fast. In today’s hectic society, people don’t want ____________ (waste) time. But apart from the speed of ____________ (order) and ______________ (get) served, satisfied customers talk about convenience, price, and, yes, even good taste.

Many people also like the familiarity and reliability that fast-food chains provide. You can be sure of __________ (get) the same thing every time, every place.

To-infinitive or gerund?

Underline the verb form which you need to use..

1. when the verb is the subject gerund / to-infinitive 2. after prepositions gerund / to-infinitive 3. after certain adjectives

(such as easy and important) gerund / to-infinitive 4. after phrasal verbs gerund / to-infinitive

After the verbs 5. Recommend gerund / to-infinitive 6. Warn gerund / to-infinitive 7. Would like gerund / to-infinitive 8. Enjoy gerund / to-infinitive 9. Love gerund / to-infinitive 10. Plan gerund / to-infinitive 11. Advise gerund / to-infinitive 12. Start gerund / to-infinitive

13. Finish gerund / to-infinitive 14. Can’t stand gerund / to-infinitive 15. Stop gerund / to-infinitive 16. Keep gerund / to-infinitive 17. Hope gerund / to-infinitive 18. Need gerund / to-infinitive 19. Ask gerund / to-infinitive 20. Require gerund / to-infinitive

Food for thoughtComplete the statements with the correct form of the verbs in

parentheses. Use the bar graph to find the number of calories.

1. ____Ordering_____ (order) a Big Mac will ‘cost’ you about ___560___

calories.

2. ____________ (have) a Taco Bell is much less fattening. It has only

about _____calories.

3. If you want _____________ (lose) weight, you should probably avoid

___________ (eat) an Arny’s giant roast beef sandwich. It contains

around_____ calories.

4. You’re likely ______________ (gain) weight if you eat half of a medium

pepperoni pizza. A single slice at Pizza Hut has about _____ calories.

5. Stop _________________ (consume) so many french fries! An order at

Wendy’s contains about _____ calories.

6. Think about _______________ (choose) an eggroll instead of fries.

Leeann Chin’s has

just a little over _______ calories.

7. Nutritionists advise people ______________ (stay away) from fried

chicken. A two-piece order at KFC’s contains about ________ calories.

MATCHING

1. It’s dangerous.. a. ..to interrupt when someone is talking.

2. It’s easy.. b. ..to finish doing the grammar exercises.

3. It’s impolite.. c. ..to encourage students to use a dictionary.

4. It’s wrong.. d. ..to put off doing things all the time.

5. It’s a good idea.. e. ..to give up smoking.6. It’s very difficult.. f. ..to walk alone late at night.7. It’s a bad idea.. g. ..to visit new places.8. It takes a lot of time.. h. ..to ask someone to lie for

you.9. It’s fun.. i. ..to forget new words.

PRACTICEComplete the sentences with to-infinitive forms of appropriate verbs.

1. I was glad to get a letter from you.

2. I was relieved to find out that I had passed the exam.

3. Sue is lucky _________ alive after the accident.

4. The soldiers were prepared ______________ .

5. The children are anxious _____________ to the circus.

6. Dick didn’t feel like going anywhere. He was content ___________ home

and _____________ a book.

7. The teacher is always willing _____________ us.

8. The students are motivated ______________ English.

9. Be careful not _________________ on the icy sidewalks!

10.Tom was hesitant _____________ home alone on the dark street.

11.Sall is afraid _____________ home alone.

12.Ann is proud _________________ the top student in her class.

13.I was surprised ______________ Mr. Yamamoto at the meeting.

14.We were sorry _____________ the bad news.

Verbs that can be followed by either to-infinitive or gerund,with a change of meaning.Some verbs can be followed by to-infinitive or gerund, but there is a change in meaning.Complete the rules by circling the correct word in bold font italics.

We use remember or forget + gerundwhen we remember or forget somethingbefore/after we do it. (it’s a memory)Example: I remember ______ (go) to Lima and I’ll never forget ______ (see) it.

We use remember or forget + to-infinitiveWhen we remember or forget somethingbefore/after we have to do it. (its a duty/something you have to do)Example: I remembered _____ (go) to Lima to get my visa done - I didn’t forget ____ (do) it!

We use regret + gerundto say we regret something we have already done/we have to do now.Example: I regret ________ (spend) all my money.

We use regret + to-infinitiveTo say we regret something we have already done/we have to do now.Example: I regret _____ (tell) you that I can’t come.

We use try + gerund/to-infinitiveto mean ‘make an experiment’ – do something and try different methods to see what happens.Example: I couldn’t sleep so I tried ______ (read)

We use try + gerund/to-infinitiveTo mean ‘make an effort’ – see if you can do something.Example: I tried ______ (sleep) but it was too noisy.

We use stop + gerundto talk about something we do before we stop/why we stop.Example: I’m a vegetarian. I stopped ______ (eat) meat 2 years ago.

We use stop + to-infinitiveto talk about something we do before we stop/why we stop.Example: After working for 2 hours, I stopped _________ (have) lunch.

PRACTICE

Complete the sentences with the correct form(s) of the verbs in parentheses.

1. I always remember (turn) _______________ off all the lights before I leave

my house.

2. I can remember (be) ___________________ very proud and happy when I

graduated.

3. Did you remember (give) _______________ Jake my message?

4. I remember (play) _____________________ with dolls when I was a child.

5. What do you remember (do) _____________ before you leave for class

every day?

6. What did you forget (do) ________________ before you left for class this

morning?

7. I’ll never forget (carry) _________________ my wife over the threshold.

8. I can’t ever forget (watch) _______________ our team score the winning

goal in the last

seconds of the game to capture the national championship.

9. Don’t forget (do) ______________________ your homework tonight!

10.I regret (inform) _______________________ you that your loan application

wasn’t approved.

11.I regret (listen, not) ____________________ to my father’s advice. He was

right.

12. When a student asks a question, the teacher always tries (explain)

_____________ clearly.