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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
GEOTHERMAL IN INDONESIA(OVER VIEW)
Jogjakarta , Mei 2013
Sigit Rahardjo
Operation Director
PT PERTAMINA GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
CHARACTERISTIC OF GEOTHERMAL BUSINESS
1
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
2
INDONESIA HAS THE HIGHEST POTENTIAL FOR GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IN THE WORLD
2
11
1
2
3
1
1 • 5
Mexico
• 113
• 5
Philippines
• 4
• 4
Others1
Iceland
New Zealand1• 3
• 6
Total 102
• 6
• 18
Japan
• 6
1 • 19
U.S.
• 20
• 20
Indonesia
• 20
• 27
• 23
• 28
Conventional geothermal 2010 capacity and
total potential capacity
GW
Resource
Utilization
%
4
13
3
10
33
20
10
16
10
• In spite of its world’s
largest potential of
geothermal resource,
the utilization only
remains 4%
• Geothermal resource
in Indonesia is also
high temperature
resource which
enable more
economical
geothermal
development project
• Installed
• Potential
SOURCE: GEA; DOE; EER; World Geothermal Congress; Energy Information Administration (EIA); interviews
1 Includes mostly South/South-East Asia and Africa
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
3
INDONESIA’S WORLD LEADING GEOTHERMAL PROSPECT
MAGMA
Semarang
Medan
Tanjung Karang
Bandung
Manado
Speculative : 27.141 MW
Probable : 10.253 MW
Bali & NTTSpeculative : 1.676 MWe
Probable * : 871 MWe
JavaSpeculative : 9.471 MWe
Probable * : 3.086 MWe
SumateraSpeculative : 13.258 MWe
Probable * : 5.433 MWe SulawesiSpeculative : 1.907 MWe
Probable * : 721 MWe
Geothermal location
MalukuSpeculative : 734 MWe
Probable * : 142 MWe
BorneoSpeculative : 45 MWe
Probable * : - MWe
PapuaSpeculative : 50 MWe
Probable * : - MWe
Current Installed Capacity : 1,337 MW
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
(GSDM, 2010, Update Jan 2013)
Current Condition
2006
852 MW
(Production)
2008 2012 2016 2020
2000 MW 3442 MW 5171 MW 7788 MW 12332 MW(Target baru )
1148 MW
Existing WKP
1442 MW
Existing WKP
3977 MW
Existing WKP +
New WKP
2617 MW
New WKP
4544 MW
New WKP
2025
1.337 MW
2014
Plus The second 10,000 MW fast track program
5171 MW
Ministry decree MEMRNo. 15/2010
4600 MW *9500 MW *
*) Road Map 2007
(Based on President Decree No. 5/2006 on National Energy Policy; Modified by MEMR.REG. No. 15/2010)
GEOTHERMAL ROAD MAP
Under the second 10,000 MW fast-track plan, 34% of energy
development come from geothermal energy.
4
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY5
PERTAMINA AIMS TO BE A LEADER IN GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT
0.4
1.2
1.2
0.5
0.4
1.2
New Zealand 0.7
0.3
Iceland 0.60.1
Mexico 0
Philippines 2.00.8
Indonesia 1.30.9
SOE 1 PrivateShare of SOE
%
23
61
100
84
54
State-owned Enterprise energy companies developed more than 50%
of geothermal energy in respective markets
• SOURCE: company websites
Geothermal development by operator type
Capacity
GW
1 State Owned Enterprise
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
6
PGE’s WORKING AREA
TOTAL PGE’S INSTALLED CAPACITY: 402 MW
3
5
4
6
79
10
12
13
8
11
1
2
Ref. Ministerial Decree MEMR
No 2067K/30/MEM/2012
1. Sibayak-Sinabung
2. Sibual-buali
3. Sungai Penuh
4. Hululais
5. Lumut Balai &
Margabayur
6. Gunung Waypanas
7. Cibeureum Parabakti
8. Pangalengan
9. Kamojang/Drajat
10. Karaha Cakrabuana
11. Gn. Iyang Argopuro
12. Tabanan
13. Kotamobago
14. Lahendong
14
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
7
GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT
TE
CH
NIC
AL
AS
PE
CT
GG
GR
, O
PE
RA
TIO
NA
L,
MA
INT
EN
AN
CE
LE
GA
L A
SP
EC
TS
LA
W,
RE
GU
LA
TIO
N,
PE
RM
IT
BU
SIN
ES
S P
OR
TF
OL
IO
EC
ON
OM
IC A
PP
RO
AC
H
IMP
LE
ME
NTA
TIO
N
PR
OJ
EC
T M
AN
AG
EM
EN
T,
RIS
K A
SS
ES
SM
EN
T,
EN
V M
GT
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY DEVELOPMENT POLICY(PRES DECREE No. 5 / 2006; GOV’T REGULATION No. 3/2005 – No. 70/2010 : PERMEN ESDM. No. 5 / 2009; No. 2/2011;
PERPRES No. 4/2010 : PERPRES No. 10/2011)
1000 MW :42.250 BOEPD
6.1 JT TON CER”S/YEAR
TO SUPPORT ACCELERATION OF GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENTIN LINE WITH 10,000 MW POLICY STAGE II –
EBTKE’S VISION 25/25 (5 % ENERGY MIX / 12.332 MW - 2025)
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
8
IDEAL GEOTHERMAL BUSINESS PROCESS IN INDONESIA
INVENTORY WKP
EXPLORATION
EXPLOITATION
EPC
FEED
COD
US$
• AMDAL / UKL / UPL
(EIA/Environment Management
Effort/Environment Monitoring
Effort)
• Location Permit
• Permit of Land usage for
Exploration Activities – Forestry
Minister
• SIPPA (Surface Water Usage
Permit)
• IMB (Construction Permit)
HEAD OF AGREEMENTPRICE AND CONTRACT
NEGOTIATION
Notice Of Resorces ConfirmationNotice Of Intend to
Develop
• AMDAL (EIA)
• Location Permit
• Land Usage Permit
• SIPPA (Surface Water Usage
Permit)
• IMB (Construction Permit)
2 Years 3 Years
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY9
Pertamina aspires to achieve by 2015
9
2,5052,4452,2952,0901,508
823610
•2018•17•16•15•14•13•2012
•Steam
Availability
•Oil
equivalent
•MW
122119112102
73
4030
•2018•2017•2016•2015•2014•2013•2012
•K Boepd
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
KEY BARRIERS TO GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
Uncertain
economics
Uncertain
environ-
ment
High upfront
capital
requirement
Uncertainty
on pricing
Regulatory
uncertainty
Other risks
Description
• Higher capital expenditure compared with other power
generation technologies
• Cost of USD 35-50 Mn for preliminary studies including
exploration wells to prove the reserves without any
external financing
• Development and exploration costs are solely borne
by geothermal company and are not reimbursed by
government unlike the practice in oil & gas industry
• Implementation of MEMR Decree on Feed In Tariff
requires further negotiation with PLN as a single buyer
• Most of the geothermal reserves are located in
protected forests and geothermal activities are not
allowed to carry out in forest conservation areas
• Overlapping jurisdictions increases lead time and
complexity as local authorities often block the projects
approved by the central government
• Tariff agreement with PLN often comes back for the
renegotiation, hence no guarantee on the price
• PLN off take is not guaranteed by government
All these together
mean that under
the current
environment,
geothermal
development
projects are
potentially high
risk, especially for
smaller operators
10
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
PGE PRODUCTION FIELD - OWN OPERATION
KAMOJANG GEOTHERMAL FIELDS SIBAYAK GEOTHERMAL FIELD
LAHENDONG GEOTHERMAL FIELDS
POWER PLANT UNIT-1
POWER PLANT UNIT – 4 ( 60 MW ) POWER PLANT UNIT 1,2 & 3
(30; 2 x 55 MW)
PRODUCTION
CLUSTER UNIT-2
11
POWER PLANT UNIT-4
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
WAYANG-WINDU GEOTHERMAL FIELDS (JOC-STAR ENERGY)
PLTP 1x110 MW & 1x117 MW
DARAJAT GEOTHERMAL FIELD (JOC-CHEVRON)
PLTP 1x55 MW, 1x95 MW & 1x121 MW
PGE GEOTHERMAL FIELDS UNDER JOC SCHEME
SALAK GEOTHERMAL FIELD (JOC-CHEVRON)
PLTP 3x60 MW & 3x65 MW
12
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
No Project Name Location Capacity (MW) Project Type
1 Lumutbalai Unit 1&2, Sumatera Selatan 2 x 55 MW Total Project
2 Lumutbalai Unit 3&4, Sumatera Selatan 2 x 55 MW Total Project
3 Ulubelu Unit 3&4, Lampung 2 x 55 MW Total Project
4 Kamojang Unit 5 Jawa Barat 30 MW Total Project
5 Lahendong Unit 5&6 Sulawesi Utara 2x20 MW Total Project
6 Kotamobagu Unit 1&2 Sulawesi Utara 2 x 20 MW Steam Supply
7 Hululais Unit 1&2 Bengkulu 2 x 55 MW Steam Supply
8 Sungai Penuh Unit 1 Jambi 55 MW Steam Supply
9 Karaha Jawa Barat 30 MW Total Project
PGE’S GEOTHERMAL ONGOING PROJECTS
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
14
UPCOMING GREENFIELDS DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Name of Prospect AreaIns. Capacity
(MW)
Sumatera Island
1 WKP Sungai Penuh
1. Semurup 40
2 WKP Hululais – Tambang
Sawah
1.Tambang Sawah
2.Bukit Daun
70
110
3 WKP Lumut Balai
1. Margabayur 75
4 WKP Ulubelu – Way Panas
1. Way Panas 120
Java Island
5 WKP Kamojang
1.G. Masigit Guntur
2.Ciharus
50
30
6 WKP Iyang Argopuro
1. Iyang Argopuro 55
Sulawesi Island
7 WKP Kotamobago
1. Kotamobago
60
MAGMASemarang
Medan
Tanjung Karang
Bandung
Manado
Way Panas
Kotamobagu
Tambang SawahBukit Daun
Margabayur
Ciharus
Iyang Argopuro
Masigit-Guntur
Sumurup
Sinabung
Key Indicators:• New Geothermal Power Generation
Capacity : ± 610 MW
• Additional Power Generation (kWh per
year) : ± 4800 million
• Avoided CO2 : ± 4,5 million tonnes per
Year
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Bekerja dan ibadah
adalah energi kami
Semoga semua upaya
menghasilkan manfaat
Insya Allah!
THANK YOU
15
