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PRE SENTED B Y ROBERT RO SENBLOOM
RET I R ED DEPUTY C OMMI S S I ONER D J J AND A T TORNEY A T L AW
AS SOC I A T I ON O F C OUNTY
Georgia Juvenile Justice Trends and Legislative Update
A S SOC I A T I ON O F C OUNTY C OMMI S S I ONERS O F G EORG I A
L EG I S L A T I VE L EADERSH I P C ONFERENCE
O C TOBER 3 , 2 0 1 1
Brief History of Juvenile Justice
� First Juvenile Court established in 1899
� Georgia has had current juvenile code since 1976
� State of Georgia and DJJ sued by U.S. D.O.J. in 1998
� Discussions begin on need for juvenile code rewrite � Discussions begin on need for juvenile code rewrite in 2006
� Bill introduced for Code Rewrite in
You Know the Type
� Looking for Trouble
� Start Young Then Watch Out !
� They just keep on � They just keep on coming! (Pop. Projections)
� Everyone knows a troubled kid.
JUST FRIENDS OR CRIMINAL ASSOCIATES ?
Beliefs
� Children can change their behavior when provided the appropriate environment, incentives, and resources.
� Families are the most powerful influence in a child’s life. life.
� Partnerships with parents, local communities, other government agencies, and private citizens create opportunities and conditions necessary for young juvenile offenders to mature into healthy, self-sufficient adults.
Accountability
Balanced and Restorative Justice …
� Is not a program.
� Is a mission or philosophical framework.
� Is a different way of responding to crime in communities and criminal justice systems.
Negative or No Growth
Up to 5% Growth
5% to 10% Growth
Over 10% Growth
Georgia DJJ At-Risk Population growthFY2007 – FY2011
Juvenile Intake and Probation Services
Independent County
DJJ Shares Services
Baldwin
Banks
Barrow
Bartow
Bibb
Burke
Butts
Catoosa
Cha
ttoog
a
Cherokee
Clarke
Columbia
Dad
e
Dawson
Elbert
Fannin
Fayette
Forsyth
Franklin
Gilmer
Greene
Hab
ersh
amHancock
Haralson
Hart
Heard
Jackson
Jasper
Jefferson
JenkinsJohnson
JonesLamar
Lincoln
Lumpkin
Madison
McDuffie
Mer
iwet
her
Monroe
Morgan
Murray
Oconee
Ogl
etho
rpe
Paulding
Pickens
Pike
Polk
Putnam
Rabun
Richmond
Roc
kdal
e
Screven
Stephens
Taliaferro
Towns
UnionWalker
Warren
Washington
White
Wilkes
Wilkinson
Carroll
Douglas
Henry
Newton
Upson
Walton
Cla
yto
n
Cobb
Coweta
Crawford
De Kalb
Floyd
Fulton
Gordon
Gwinnett
Hall
Spalding
Troup
Whi
tfiel
d
Gla
scock
Appling
Atkinson
Bacon
Baker
Ben Hill
Berrien
Bleckley
Brantley
Brooks
Bryan
Bulloch
Calhoun
Camden
Candler
Charlton
Chattahoochee
Clay
Clinch
Coffee
Colquitt Cook
Crisp
Decatur
DodgeDooly
Early
Echols
Effingham
Emanuel
Evans
Grady
Harris
Irwin
Jeff
Dav
is
Johnson
La
nie
r
Laurens
LeeLiberty
Long
Lowndes
MaconMarion
McI
ntos
h
MillerMitchell
Mon
tgom
ery
Mus
coge
e
Pierce
Pulaski
Quitman
Randolph
Schley
Screven
Sem
inol
e
Stewart
Sumter
Talbot
Tattnall
Taylor
Telfair
Terrell
Thomas
Tift
Toom
bs
Treutlen
Turner
Twiggs
Ware
Wayne
Web
ster
Wheeler
Wilcox
Worth
Houston
Chatham
Crawford
Dougherty
Glynn
Peach
What is the Juvenile Code?
� O.C.G.A. Title 15, Chapter 11
� Applies to young people who violate the law or are victims of abuse or neglect.
� Establishes jurisdiction, and sets the rules and � Establishes jurisdiction, and sets the rules and procedures of the juvenile court.
Legal Definitions
� Delinquent child means a child who has committed a crime and is in need of treatment and rehabilitation.
� Delinquent child does not have a criminal record.
� Unruly child or status offender is a child who habitually and without justification is truant, habitually and without justification is truant, disobedient, ungovernable or commits an offense only applicable to children ( curfew violation, smoking, etc.)
The Proposed New Juvenile Code
� The Child Protection and Public Safety Act
� Senate Bill 127 and HB 641
� Senator Hambrick sponsoring in the Senate
� Representative Willard sponsoring in the House� Representative Willard sponsoring in the House
� Supported by Governor Deal and Speaker Ralston
� Vote is expected this legislative session
Why re-write the juvenile code?
� Poor outcomes for children in Georgia: school achievement, graduation rates, pregnancy, employment, and violent deaths compared to youth across the nation.
� Outcomes for those entering the juvenile justice system due to delinquency or deprivation can be even worse.delinquency or deprivation can be even worse.
� Judges and lawyers who use the current code every day describe it as “difficult to use, lacking in clarity, and outdated.”
� The code does not reflect research-based best practices.
Major Issues in the Proposed Juvenile Code
� New approach for status offenders (CHINS)
� Reorganization of Code
How to handle competency issues� How to handle competency issues
� Right to an attorney and costs
� Involvement of Prosecuting Attorney on each case.
� Costs
Issues for Georgia and Counties
� Philosophy
� Impact of Budget Cuts
� Costs to the County and the State
� What can we afford vs. what we want
� Juvenile court’s responsibilities and DJJ � Juvenile court’s responsibilities and DJJ
� What is the potential impact of a new juvenile code
� How to impact juvenile delinquency
� Social and Family issues and the impact
� Use of secure detention
Regional Youth Detention Center Locations (RYDC)Detention Population Issues
Banks
Barrow
Bartow
Butts
Catoosa
Cha
ttoog
a
Cherokee
Clarke
Columbia
Dad
e
Dawson
Elbert
Fannin
Fayette
Forsyth
Franklin
Gilmer
Greene
Hab
ersh
am
Hancock
Haralson
Hart
Heard
Jackson
Jasper
Lincoln
Lumpkin
Madison
McDuffie
Morgan
Murray
Oconee
Ogl
etho
rpe
Paulding
Pickens
Polk
Putnam
Rabun
Richmond
Roc
kdal
e
Stephens
Taliaferro
Towns
UnionWalker
Warren
White
Wilkes
Carroll
Douglas
Henry
Newton
Walton
Cla
yto
n
Cobb
Coweta
DeKalb-2
Floyd
Fulton
Gordon
Gwinnett
Hall
Spalding
Whi
tfiel
d
Gla
scoc
k
� 20 centers
� Serve over 17,000/yr.
� Diverse population
Managing Population
Appling
Atkinson
Bacon
Baker
Baldwin
Ben Hill
Berrien
Bibb
Bleckley
Brantley
Brooks
Bryan
Bulloch
Burke
Calhoun
Camden
Candler
Charlton
Chattahoochee
Clay
Clinch
Coffee
Colquitt Cook
Crisp
Decatur
DodgeDooly
Early
Echols
Effingham
Emanuel
Evans
Grady
Harris
Irwin
Jeff
Dav
is
Jefferson
JenkinsJohnson
JonesLamar
La
nie
r
Laurens
LeeLiberty
Long
Lowndes
MaconMarion
McI
ntos
h
Mer
iwet
her
MillerMitchell
Monroe
Montg
om
ery
Mus
coge
e
Pierce
Pike
Pulaski
Quitman
Randolph
Schley
Screven
Sem
inol
e
Stewart
Sumter
Talbot
Tattnall
Taylor
Telfair
Terrell
Thomas
Tift
Toom
bs
Treutlen
Turner
Twiggs
Ware
Washington
Wayne
Web
ster
Wheeler
Wilcox
Wilkinson
Worth
Houston
Upson
Chatham
Crawford
Dougherty
Glynn
Peach
Troup
Gla
scoc
k
� Managing Population
� Alternatives
Secure Detention Population
� Detention
� Superior Court Cases
� Pre-adjudicated
� STP
� Awaiting Placement
� Competency Status
� Probation Violators
National Initiatives
� Use of assessment instruments
� Less reliance of secure facilitiesfacilities
� Positive Youth Programs
� Restorative Justice
� Community Service Learning
� Evidence Based
CAN’T DEPEND ON LUCK BUT KEEP YOUR FINGERS CROSSED!