3/10/2015 Geography: Some Important Lines/International Borders

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TUESDAY, AUGUST 17, 2010

Some Important Lines/International Borders

The Radcliffe Line became the border between India and Pakistan on 17 August 1947 after the Partition of

India. The line was decided by the Border Commissions chaired by Sir Cyril Radcliffe, who was to divide

equitably 175,000 square miles (450,000 km2) of territory with 88 million people.

The Durand Line refers to the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan, which is poorly marked and

approximately 2,640 kilometers (1,610 miles) long. It was established after the 1893 Durand Line

Agreement between the Government of colonial British India (Pakistan was part of the British Indian

empire) and Afghan Amir Abdur Rahman Khan for fixing the limit of their respective spheres of influence. It is

named afterHenry Mortimer Durand, the Foreign Secretary of British India at the time.

The McMahon Line is a line agreed to by Great Britain and Tibet as part of Simla Accord, a treaty signed

in 1914. Although its legal status is disputed, it is the effective boundary between China and India.

The Curzon Line was a demarcation line between the Second Polish Republic and Bolshevik Russia, first

proposed on December 8, 1919 at the Allied Supreme Council declaration.

The Oder-Neisse line is the border between Germany and Poland which was drawn in the aftermath

ofWorld War II.

The Molotov Line was a system of fortifications built by the Soviet Union in the years 19401941, along its

new western border after it annexed the Baltic States, Eastern Poland and Bessarabia.

The Stalin Line was a line of fortifications along the western border of the Soviet Union. Work began on the

system in the 1920s to protect the USSR against attacks from the West. The line was made up of

concrete bunkers and gun emplacements, somewhat similar but less elaborate than the Maginot Line. It

was not a continuous line of defenses along the entire border but rather a network of fortified regions, meant

to channel the potential invaders along certain corridors.

The Maginot Line , named after French Minister of Defense Andr Maginot, was a line of

concrete fortifications, tank obstacles, artillery casemates, machine gun posts, and other defenses,

which France constructed along its borders with Germany and Italy, in the light of experience from World

War I, and in the run-up to World War II. Generally the term describes only the defenses facing Germany,

while the term Alpine Line is used for the Franco-Italian defenses.

The Alpine Line or Little Maginot Line was the component of the Maginot Line that defended the

southeastern portion of France.

Radcliffe Line Durand Line McMahon Line

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