GCSE PE

INJURY Treatment

Injury TreatmentYou should be able to:

(a) describe and explain the basic signs and symptoms of, and how to treat simple injuries which can occur in games, (winding, cuts/grazes, blisters, muscle, tendon and ligament injuries, RICE, dehydration, exhaustion and concussion);(b) describe and explain in which activities these injuries are most likelyto be seen.

GCSE PE

Play the Card Game

Can you match the correct cards together under the following headings (in the following order)?Type of Injury How it might

happenDescription How it is

treated

Blisters

Simple/closed fracture

Open/compound fracture

Concussion

Dehydration

Exhaustion

Cuts & Grazes

Strains

Sprains

Tears

GCSE PE

Blisters

Skin repeatedly rubs against another surface

and causes friction

A tear occurs between the upper layers of the skin, the outer surface

remains unbroken, fluid seeps in to the space

immediately beneath it.

Cover with a protective pad or cotton wool and take a short break from

activity.

GCSE PE

Simple/closed fracture

A serve fall or very hard contact with a

hard surface.

A break or crack in a bone where the skin is

not damaged. Hear/feel a snap.Pain & tenderness

around injury. Loss of movement.

Swelling & bruising.Deformity of limb.

Dial 999Do not move casualty

Support limbSling – arm

Splint-leg (if a first aider)

GCSE PE

Open/compound fracture

A serve fall or veryhard contact with a

hard surface.

Same as simple/closedfracture but skin isdamaged too. Bone

maybe sticking out of skin

Dial 999Do not move casualty

Support limbSling – arm

Splint-leg (if a first aider)

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Concussion

A severe blow to the head

Blow to the head causes jarring of the brain against the inside of the skull and a

swelling of the brains surface.

Subject may be unconscious, appear pale and be breathing in short

breaths. May appear drowsy if conscious.

Medical attention must be sought as a matter of urgency. Keep injured

person warm, do not offer any drinks.

GCSE PE

Dehydration

Caused by excessive perspiration, combined with inadequate fluid

intake.

Loss of fluid. Performer looks exhausted and may be unsteady on

their feet. Dry and tacky feel in the mouth,

dizziness, weakness, sickness and a difficulty in maintaining balance

and co-ordination.

Sensible and immediate fluid intake. If no

improvement results medical assistance should be sought

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Exhaustion

Related to extreme heat or cold.

Extreme difficulty in co-ordinating movement.

Low temperature. Dilated pupils. Weak

pulse. Pale, moist skin. Fainting spells. May also complain of headaches, sickness/ dizziness and

extreme physical weakness.

Rap in blankets or additional clothing to

maintain body warmth. Or cool them by

loosening clothing, fanning and applying lukewarm cloths to

head, armpit and groin areas. Electrolyte drinks

can be given. But not drinks containing alcohol

or caffeine

GCSE PE

Cuts and Grazes

Falling and sliding across a surface or sharp object

Graze: Top layer of skin is scraped off

Cut: The skin is cut open and blood is lost.

In both cases pain is felt from the damaged area

Cover with an antiseptic dressing

In the case of deep cuts there is the potential for

damage to muscles, tendons or internal organs. In this case

medical help should be sought.

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Strains

Caused by overuse, excessive force or

stretching Joint is over stretched Treat with R.I.C.E

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Sprains

Injury to wrist or ankle caused by a wrench or twist

Often affect ankle, knee, or wrist. Causes

swelling and pain. Treat with R.I.C.E

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Tears

Tendons are over stretched by a

violent movement

Muscle fibres are torn away

Treat with R.I.C.E

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R.I.C.E Used to treat strains, sprains and tears

RestIceCompressionElevation

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REST

Stop exercising immediately to prevent any further damage

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ICE

•Increase circulation

•Help reduce swelling

•Helps numb pain

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Compression

•Reduces swelling

•Immobilises damaged joint

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Elevation

•Allows for excess fluid to drain away more easily

•Reduces swelling

So can you remember how to reduce the number of accidents and injuries

during sport?

Work in pairs to brainstorm ideas and come up with at least 5 different ideas.

Preventing InjuryRecognise personal limitations

Don’t take drugs to disguise injuriesDon’t over-train

High levels of concentrationbehave

Good healthBalanced diet

Being fit for that activityWorking at appropriate levels of participation/competition (within your ability)

Warming upCooling down

Practice/TrainingKnow and obey the rules

Pay attention to advice from coaches/referees and other playersWear the right kit (esp. footwear)

Wear protective clothing - mouth guards, shin padsRemove jewellery, tie back long hair, cut fingernails

Make sure all equipment is in good conditionLift large or heavy equipment in the correct way

Hazards on playing area (glass, wet floor)Weather – frost, thunder, heavy rain

First aid is availableSessions are planned and supervised