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DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE

BME8P1-DESIGN AND FABRICATION PROJECT 2012-2013

A MAJOR- PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

MUKUL KUMAR U09ME112

NIKHIL RANJAN RAJHANS U09ME122

NITESH KUMAR SONI U09ME125

PANKAJ KUMAR U09ME129

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

Of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mrs. S. SUCHIRATHA

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

BHARATH UNIVERSITY CHENNAI-600073

MAY 2013

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BHARTH INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

BHARATH UNIVERSITY CHENNAI-600073

MAY 2013

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE(BME8P1)

Certified that this project report DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF

HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE is the bonafide work of MUKUL KUMAR

(U09ME112), NIKHIL RANJAN RAJHANS (U09ME122), NITESH

KUMAR SONI (U09ME125),PANKAJ KUMAR (U09ME129) who carried

out the project work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

PROF. S. BALAGURU Mrs. S. SUCHIRATHA

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT GUIDE

MECHANNICAL DEPARTMENT ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

BHARATH UNIVERSITY MECHANICAL DEPATMENT

CHENNAI-73 BHARATH UNIVERSITY

CHENNAI-73

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LIST OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE

No.

ABSTRACT 5

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 6

LIST OF SYMBOLS 7

1. Study Of hydraulic crane 8

1.1 Introduction 8

1.2 Parts and Its Description 9

1.3 Different Types of Hydraulic Crane 12

1.4 Advantages of Hydraulic Crane 15

2. Relevant Theory 17

2.1 Design Work 17

2.2 Design Criteria 17

3. Manufacturing Process 19

3.1 Manufacturing 19

3.2 Assembly 19

4. Design Calculations 20

4.1Design Specification 20

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4.2 Design of truck 20

4.3 Hydraulic System 21

5. Bill of Materials 23

6. Assembly Diagram 24

7. Snapshots 26

8. Conclusion 28

9. References 29

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ABSTRACT

In material handling, the cranes play a vital role in modern manufacturing

industries. In our project we aim to fabricate a hydraulic operated floor crane for

handling various kinds of materials. The hydraulic floor crane consists of truck,

hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic tank, hydraulic hoses, DCV, beam and hooks. The

beam one end is fixed to the truck and another end is attached to the hooks. The

hydraulic cylinder is connected to the horizontal arm. The hydraulic tank is

pumping to the hose in upward direction. At the same time material is lifted

with the help of hook and hydraulic cylinder released to the pressure valve so

the material is unloaded. The material from one place goes to the other place

with the help of hydraulic floor crane. The crane reduces the workers fatigue

and increases the overall efficiency of production processes with good safety.

The crane is fabricated with complete clear front, small compact frame, good

reach, high lift and with low center of gravity. The crane has the capacity of

lifting 10 kg with wide spread application in the shop floor. Thus the floor crane

would serve as a safe and versatile model for material handling operations.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all we would like to thank our project guide Mrs. S.SUCHIRATHA,

Assistant Professor, Mechanical engineering Department, Bharath University

who has given valuable support during the course of our project by clarifying

our doubts and guiding us with her novel ideas.

We would like to thank Prof. S. BALAGURU, Head of department,

mechanical engineering, Bharath University.

We extend our sincere thanks to our Dean Dr. T.J.Prabhu Department of

mechanical engineering for giving us this wonderful opportunity to work in

desired area of interest.

We extend our sincere thanks to all teaching staff of mechanical engineering

department, those who helped us in completing this project successfully.

Lastly we also thank the people who directly or indirectly gave us

encouragement and support throughout the project.

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LIST OF SYMBOLS

SERIAL

NO.

SYMBOL DESCRIPTION

1 ID Inner diameter

2 PN Power in kw

3 N Motor speed in rpm

4 Q Discharge in l/min

5 f Frequency in Hz

6 IN Current in ampere

7 l Length of truck

8 b Breadth of truck

9 H Height of truck

10 W Total weight

11 F Fiber stress in bending

12 D Depth of joist

13 L Length of joist

14 Density of fluid at room temp.

15 A Cross sectional area of hose

16 V Velocity of fluid in hoses

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CHAPTER: 1

STUDY OF HYDRAULIC CRANE

1.1 Introduction

A 'crane' is a type of machine, generally equipped with a hoist, wire

ropes or chains, and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and

to move them horizontally. It is mainly used for lifting heavy things and

transporting them to other places. It uses one or more simple machines to create

mechanical advantage and thus move loads beyond the normal capability of a man.

Cranes are commonly employed in the transport industry for the loading and

unloading of freight, in the construction industry for the movement of materials

and in the manufacturing industry for the assembling of heavy equipment. In

material handling, the cranes play a vital role in modern manufacturing industries.

Hydraulic cranes are heavy equipment used primarily for lifting.These Hydraulic

floor Cranes, provide an efficient low cost alternative to other material handling

equipment. Strong, robust, study and built to very standard. Laden, these cranes

are manoeuvrable and loading, unloading and shifting of heavy load. Crane

structure consists of chasis, vertical column, inner boom and outer boom, and the

hydraulic pump with cylinder assembly. The box frame can take heavy loads

effectively, avoids and damage under rough and unskilled handling. Inner and

outer boom is suitably reinefoast the bow structure for better distribution of force.

Inner boom has 3 locking points telescopes into the outer boom with 360 rotating

forged steel hook. Moving on 4 Nos wheels, two wheels are fixed and two wheels

are on swivel castors easy directional movement and all wheels are equipped with

sealed ball bearing / tapper roller bearings for better mobility. 2 Nos screw disc

ground arrested are provided to prevent movement when transfer of load track.

The hydraulic crane was invented in Newcastle by William Armstrong in about

1845 to help load coal into barges at the Quayside.

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1.2 Parts and descriptions of hydraulic floor crane

1. Base plate/ Truck/Pallet

2. Hydraulic tank

3. Hydraulic hoses

4. Direction control valve

5. Vertical column

6. Ball bearings

7. Horizontal arm

8. Secondary horizontal arm

9. Hydraulic cylinder

10. Hook

11. Nuts and Bolts

12. Wheels

1. Base plate/ Truck/Pallet:-

It is a plate that serves as a base or support. It is used for carrying the

overall weight of the project. It is made of mild steel. In this 4 bars are

welded by using Electric Arc Welding to give it a rectangular shape. It is

made up of cast iron.

2. Hydraulic tank:- It is filled with engine oil. It consists of an A.C. Motor

which is having four connections to the outside of the tank for connecting

it to the power supply. The capacity of fuel tank is 4 litre.

3. Hydraulic hose:- These are for carrying the fluid (Engine Oil)

from the hydraulic tank to the cylinder at the time of extending and from

the cylinder to the hydraulic tank at the time of retraction. These can

sustain fluid pressure in ranges from 180 bar 350 bar. These are made

of polymer material with mild steel nuts at the ends to fix it with the

hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic tank. In our project we have four hoses

for various applications. There are separate hoses for suction, pressure,

flow, and return of fluid.

4. Direction control valve:- This is a Lever operated Direction Control

Valve. This is used for controlling the direction of fluid flow in the

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hydraulic hoses from hydraulic tank to hydraulic cylinder and vice-versa

during arm extension and arm retraction simultaneously.

5. Vertical column:- This is mounted on the pallet/base plate/truck in

longitudinal or Y-direction. It consists of a short handle which is welded

to the vertical column for 360 rotation of the column so that the load can

be dropped at the required position. It consists of roller bearing at the

base in the circumferential manner to reduce friction at the time of

rotating the vertical column.

6. Thrust ball bearings:- Ball bearings are called as anti friction bearings.

This is a misnomer because friction is always present in such bearings,

mainly owing to rolling resistance between the balls or rollers and the

race. It carries the vertical thrust and axial load.

7. Horizontal arm:-It is fixed horizontal arm on which our hydraulic

piston and cylinder is mounted. It is fixed with the vertical column with

welded joint which can rotate with the rotating vertical column to 360

rotation.

8. Secondary horizontal arm:-It is horizontal arm which can move in up

and down with the load or without the load. A is fixed to it through which

we can attach the load.

9. Hydraulic cylinder: A Hydraulic cylinder (also called a linear hydraulic

motor) is a mechanical actuator that is used to give a unidirectional force

through a unidirectional stroke. Hydraulic cylinders get their power from

pressurized hydraulic fluid, which is typically oil. The hydraulic cylinder

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consists of a cylinder barrel, in which a piston connected to a piston

rod moves back and forth.

10. Hook: Hook is fixed with the secondary horizontal arm. Hook is used for

attaching the load to secondary horizontal arm which moves up and down

due which the connected loads are lifted and rotates.

11. Nuts and Bolts: Nuts and bolts are the hardware fasteners which are used

to fasten the various different parts .in our project we have used around

20 nut and bolts.

12. Wheels:- A wheel is a circular component that is intended to rotate on an

axial bearing. The wheel is one of the main components of the wheel and

axle which is one of the six simple machines. Wheels, in conjunction with

axles, allow heavy objects to be moved easily facilitating movement or

transportation while supporting a load, or performing labor in machines.

In our project we are using four wheels of diameter 12cm.

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1.3Types of hydraulic crane:-

a. Truck Cranes

b. Crawler-Mounted Cranes

c. Overhead crane

d. Tower Cranes

a. Truck Cranes:-

A crane mounted on a truck carrier provides the mobility for this type of crane.

This crane has two parts: the carrier, often referred to as the Lower, and the

lifting component which includes the boom, referred to as the Upper. These are

mated together through a turntable, allowing the upper to swing from side to

side. These modern hydraulic truck cranes are usually single-engine machines,

with the same engine powering the undercarriage and the crane. The upper is

usually powered via hydraulics run through the turntable from the pump

mounted on the lower. In older model designs of hydraulic truck cranes, there

were two engines. One in the lower pulled the crane down the road and ran a

hydraulic pump for the outriggers and jacks. The one in the upper ran the upper

through a hydraulic pump of its own. Many older operators favor the two-

engine system due to leaking seals in the turntable of aging newer design

cranes.

Generally, these cranes are able to travel on highways, eliminating the need for

special equipment to transport the crane unless weight or other size

constrictions are in place such as local laws. If this is the case, most larger

cranes are equipped with either special trailers to help spread the load over more

axles or are able to disassemble to meet requirements. An example is

counterweights. Often a crane will be followed by another truck hauling the

counterweights that are removed for travel. In addition some cranes are able to

remove the entire upper. However, this is usually only an issue in a large crane

and mostly done with a conventional crane such as a Link-Belt HC-238. When

working on the job site, outriggers are extended horizontally from the chassis

then vertically to level and stabilize the crane while stationary and hoisting.

Many truck cranes have slow-travelling capability (a few miles per hour) while

suspending a load. Great care must be taken not to swing the load sideways

from the direction of travel, as most anti-tipping stability then lies in the

stiffness of the chassis suspension. Most cranes of this type also have moving

counterweights for stabilization beyond that provided by the outriggers. Loads

suspended directly aft are the most stable, since most of the weight of the crane

acts as a counterweight. Factory-calculated charts (or electronic safeguards) are

used by crane operators to determine the maximum safe loads for stationary

(outriggered) work as well as (on-rubber) loads and travelling speeds.

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b. Crawler-Mounted Cranes:-

A crawler is a crane mounted on an undercarriage with a set of tracks (also

called crawlers) that provide stability and mobility. Crawler cranes range in

lifting capacity from about 40 to 3,500 short tons (35.7 to 3,125.0 long tons;

36.3 to 3,175.1 t).

Crawler cranes have both advantages and disadvantages depending on their use.

Their main advantage is that they can move around on site and perform each lift

with little set-up, since the crane is stable on its tracks with no outriggers. In

addition, a crawler crane is capable of traveling with a load. The main

disadvantage is that they are very heavy, and cannot easily be moved from one

job site to another without significant expense. Typically a large crawler must

be disassembled and moved by trucks, rail cars or ships to its next location.

c. Overhead crane

Overhead crane being used in typical machine shop. The hoist is operated via a

wired pushbutton station to move system and the load in any direction.

An overhead crane, also known as a bridge crane, is a type of crane where the

hook-and-line mechanism runs along a horizontal beam that itself runs along

two widely separated rails. Often it is in a long factory building and runs along

rails along the building's two long walls. It is similar to a gantry crane.

Overhead cranes typically consist of either a single beam or a double beam

construction. These can be built using typical steel beams or a more complex

box girder type. Pictured on the right is a single bridge box girder crane with

the hoist and system operated with a control pendant. Double girder bridge are

more typical when needing heavier capacity systems from 10 tons and above.

The advantage of the box girder type configuration results in a system that has a

lower deadweight yet a stronger overall system integrity. Also included would

be a hoist to lift the items, the bridge, which spans the area covered by the

crane, and a trolley to move along the bridge.

The most common overhead crane use is in the steel industry. At every step of

the manufacturing process, until it leaves a factory as a finished product, steel is

handled by an overhead crane. Raw materials are poured into a furnace by

crane, hot steel is stored for cooling by an overhead crane, the finished coils are

lifted and loaded onto trucks and trains by overhead crane, and the fabricator or

stamper uses an overhead crane to handle the steel in his factory.

The automobile industry uses overhead cranes for handling of raw materials.

Smaller workstation cranes handle lighter loads in a work-area, such as CNC

mill or saw.

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Almost all paper mills use bridge cranes for regular maintenance requiring

removal of heavy press rolls and other equipment. The bridge cranes are used in

the initial construction of paper machines because they facilitate installation of

the heavy cast iron paper drying drums and other massive equipment, some

weighing as much as 70 tons.

d. Tower Cranes:-

Tower cranes are a modern form of balance crane that consist of the same basic

parts. Fixed to the ground on a concrete slab (and sometimes attached to the

sides of structures as well), tower cranes often give the best combination of

height and lifting capacity and are used in the construction of tall buildings. The

base is then attached to the mast which gives the crane its height. Further the

mast is attached to the slewing unit (gear and motor) that allows the crane to

rotate. On top of the slewing unit there are three main parts which are: the long

horizontal jib (working arm), shorter counter-jib, and the operators cab. Tower

crane cabin .The long horizontal jib is the part of the crane that carries the load.

The counter-jib carries a counterweight, usually of concrete blocks, while the

jib suspends the load to and from the center of the crane. The crane operator

either sits in a cab at the top of the tower or controls the crane by radio remote

control from the ground. In the first case the operator's cab is most usually

located at the top of the tower attached to the turntable, but can be mounted on

the jib, or partway down the tower. The lifting hook is operated by the crane

operator using electric motors to manipulate wire rope cables through a system

of sheaves. The hook is located on the long horizontal arm to lift the load which

also contains its motor.

A tower crane rotates on its axis before lowering the lifting hook.In order to

hook and unhook the loads, the operator usually works in conjunction with a

signaller (known as a 'dogger', 'rigger' or 'swamper'). They are most often in

radio contact, and always use hand signals. The rigger or dogger directs the

schedule of lifts for the crane, and is responsible for the safety of the rigging

and loads.

The Component of Tower Crane:-

Tower Cranes are used extensively in construction and other industry to hoist

and move materials. There are many types of tower cranes. Although they are

different in type, the main parts are the same, as follows:

1. Mast The mast is the main supporting tower of the crane. It is made of steel

trussed sections that are connected together during installation.

2. Slewing Unit

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The slewing unit sits at the top of the mast. This is the engine that enables the

crane to rotate.

3. Operating Cabin

The operating cabin sits just above the slewing unit. It contains the operating

controls.

4. Jib

The jib, or operating arm, extends horizontally from the crane. A "luffing" jib is

able to move up and down; a fixed jib has a rolling trolley that runs along the

underside to move goods horizontally.

5. Hook

The hook (or hooks) is used to connect the material to the crane. It hangs at the

end of thick steel cables that run along the jib to the motor.

6. Weights

Large concrete counterweights are mounted toward the rear of the mast, to

compensate for the weight of the goods lifted.

A tower crane is usually assembled by a telescopic jib (mobile) crane of greater

reach (also see "self-erecting crane" below) and in the case of tower cranes that

have risen while constructing very tall skyscrapers, a smaller crane (or derrick)

will often be lifted to the roof of the completed tower to dismantle the tower

crane afterwards, which may be more difficult than the installation.

1.4 ADVANTAGES:-

1. Most powerful means of lifting objects:-

It is one of the most powerful means of lifting

objects is with the strength of a hydraulic crane. By harnessing the strength that

liquid under pressure gives, and the ease with which it can be used, it is possible

to transfer a relatively small amount of effort from one place to another, and

hydraulic cranes are amongst the most efficient lifting systems available in the

modern workplace.

2. Extremely stable in use:-

Because the hydraulic cranes use a fixed system of

pipes, constant pressure can be maintained once a part of the system has been

moved into place, and this makes them extremely stable in use, and able to

support relatively large weights.

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3. Very easy to maintain:-

Hydraulic cranes are amongst the simplest systems

that you can use within any industrial process, and are very easy to maintain.

Provided that all the pumps and pistons are regularly checked for any leaks, and

potential stress points where the levers are supported are inspected for damage,

the crane will continue to operate completely reliably for long periods of time.

4. A very versatile tool:-

Most hydraulic cranes are comparatively light weight,

and the ease with which they can be moved from one area to another within the

factory or distribution center, makes them a very versatile tool with lots of uses

on a day to day basis. From simple loading jobs in your loading bay area where

the portable hydraulic cranes can be used to lift objects into a waiting truck to

more complex jobs within the main factory, the lifts will come in very useful.

5. Quite simple Design:-

A hydraulic system works with a system of pumps and

pistons that are filled with a liquid, usually a light oil or water. By moving the

liquid under pressure from the pumps, pistons can be extended or reduced, and

when these pistons are connected to a system of levers, the pistons can be used

to lift surprisingly heavy weights.

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CHAPTER-2

RELEVANT THEORY

2.1 DESIGN WORK

The designing work was carried out using CATIA software. The required

dimensions of the driver and the driven wheels were taken as per the design

equations. CATIA is the most widely used design software's which helps in

designing 2 as well as 3 dimensional models using simplified alphabetical and

numerical commands. Both the driving and the driven wheels were drawn to the

required dimensions using the circle command. A slot was cut on the Geneva

wheel using the trim tool. It was then edited using polyline command and the

remaining slots were constructed using the array tool. The crank pin and the

driving wheel were drawn to the required dimensions

2.2 DESIGN CRITERIA:-

There are three major considerations in the design of cranes.

1. The crane must be able to lift the weight of the load;

2. The crane must not topple;

3. The crane must not rupture.

Lifting capacity:-

The lifting capacity of hydraulic crane mainly depends on following.

1. The lever:- A balance crane contains a horizontal beam (the lever) pivoted

about a point called the fulcrum. The principle of the lever allows a heavy load

attached to the shorter end of the beam to be lifted by a smaller force applied in

the opposite direction to the longer end of the beam. The ratio of the load's

weight to the applied force is equal to the ratio of the lengths of the longer arm

and the shorter arm, and is called the mechanical advantage.

2. The pulley:- A jib crane contains a tilted strut (the jib) that supports a fixed

pulley block. Cables are wrapped multiple times round the fixed block and

round another block attached to the load. When the free end of the cable is

pulled by hand or by a winding machine, the pulley system delivers a force to

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the load that is equal to the applied force multiplied by the number of lengths of

cable passing between the two blocks. This number is the mechanical

advantage.

3. The hydraulic cylinder:- This can be used directly to lift the load or

indirectly to move the jib or beam that carries another lifting device. Cranes,

like all machines, obey the principle of conservation of energy. This means that

the energy delivered to the load cannot exceed the energy put into the machine.

For example, if a pulley system multiplies the applied force by ten, then the load

moves only one tenth as far as the applied force. Since energy is proportional to

force multiplied by distance, the output energy is kept roughly equal to the input

energy (in practice slightly less, because some energy is lost to friction and

other inefficiencies).

The same principle can operate in reverse. In case of some problem, the

combination of heavy load and great height can accelerate small objects to

tremendous speed. Such projectiles can result in severe damage to nearby

structures and people. Cranes can also get in chain reactions; the rupture of one

crane may in turn take out nearby cranes. Cranes need to be watched carefully.

Stability:-

For stability, the sum of all moments about any point such as the base

of the crane must equate to zero. In practice, the magnitude of load that is

permitted to be lifted (called the "rated load" in the US) is some value less than

the load that will cause the crane to tip (providing a safety margin).

Standards for cranes mounted on ships or offshore platforms are somewhat

stricter because of the dynamic load on the crane due to vessel motion.

Additionally, the stability of the vessel or platform must be considered.

For stationary pedestal or kingpost mounted cranes, the moment created by the

boom, jib, and load is resisted by the pedestal base or kingpost. Stress within the

base must be less than the yield stress of the material or the crane will fail.

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CHAPTER: 3

MANUFACTURING PROCESS

3.1 Manufacturing:-

The hydraulic crane which was manufactured has 12 parts. They are Base

plate/ Truck/Pallet, Hydraulic tank, Hydraulic hoses, Direction

control valve, Vertical column, Ball bearings, Horizontal arm,

Secondary horizontal arm, Hydraulic cylinder, Roller, Hook, Nuts and

Bolts, Wheels. Base plates are made of caste iron metal rod. The rods are

cut according to the dimensions and they are welded using metal arc

welding. Then bearing was selected according to the thrust and axial load

and vertical column are fitted on the bearing so that it can rotate to a

360.The fixed horizontal arm is welded. And secondary horizontal arm

was fixed with hook. Hydraulic system are selected according to the

power required and capacity of tank.

3.2 Assembly:-

1. Arrangement of four wheels on the four the base plate.

2. Assembly of fixture for holding the bearing and the vertical column.

3. Assembly of secondary horizontal arm on fixed horizontal arm.

4. Assembly of hydraulic tank on the base plate.

5. Assembly of fixture for directional control valve.

6. Assembly of hydraulic piston on the fixed horizontal arm.

7. Connection of hoses with the piston, directional control valve, and the

fuel tank.

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CHAPTER :4

DESIGN CALAULATIONS

4.1 DESIGN SPECIFICATION:-

1. Polyhose :

Inner diameter(ID)=3/8

Working pressure= 350bar(5000psi)

2. Lever operated Direction Control Valve:

Polyhydron 4DL06 SGS-02.5 12/11

3. Hydraulic Tank:

PN = 0.75 kw UN= 380 Y V

N= 1420 rev/min

IN= 2,2 A

Q= 2.5 l/min f= 50 Hz

4. Wheel:

B Triopines 5 X1 3/16

5. Truck:-

Length of truck=65cm=0.65m

Breadth of truck=45cm=0.45m

Height of vertical column=100cm=1m

4.2 DESIGN OF TRUCK

1. Calculation of floor load :-

Floor load is a measure of pressure on the floor of

truck. It is necessary to avoid the catastrophic failure.

Total weight= 20kg

Length= 65cm= 0.65m

Breadth= 45cm= 0.45m

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Floor load= total weight/total floor area

= W/(l*b)

=20/ (0.65*0.45)

= 68.37kg/m2 or 68.37 N

2. Calculation of floor capacity:-

Beam strength formula:-

Maximum load in the beam= FBD2/9L;

Where:-

F- Fiber stress in bending, usually F=1000 N/m2

B- Breadth of floor= 0.45m

D- Depth of joist= 0.76m

L- Length of joist= 0.16m

Maximum load in beam= (1000*0.45*0.762)/(9*0.16)

= 180.5 N/m2

4.3 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

HYDRAULIC POWER:-

1. Power input

=[speed(rev/min)*pump displacement(cc/rev)

*pressure(bar)*100]/[600*motor efficiency(%)]

=[1420*1*350*100]/[600*90]

=920watt

2. Flow

= [motor speed(rev/min)*pump displacement(cc/rev)]/1000

=1420*1.76/1000

=2.1cc/min

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3. Shaft torque

= [pump displacement (cc/min)*pressure (bar)]/[20*P*I*3.142]

=[1.73*350]/[20*920*3.142]

=53N-m

4. Power out

=[speed(rev/min)*pump displacement(cc/min)*pressure(bar)*100]/600

=[1420*1.73*350*100]/600

=830watt

5 Fluid velocity in hose

Continuity equation:- Q= AV

Q = *(d2/4)*V

V= [(Q*4)/(*d2)]

=[(2.5*4)/(899**0.012)]

= 35.40 m/s

Density of fluid at room temperature = = 899 kg/m3

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CHAPTER : 5

BILL OF MATERIALS

SERIAL

NO.

NAME QUANTITY RATE(Rs.) TOTAL

AMOUNT

1.

HYDRAULIC TANK 1 6000 6000

2.

HYDRAULIC

CYLINDER

1 5000 5000

3.

HYDRAULIC HOSES 4 250 1000

4.

DIRECTION CONTROL

VALVE

1 1000 1000

5.

BALL BEARINGS 1 500 500

6.

WHEELS 4 125 500

7.

WHEEL BEARINGS 4 125 500

8.

WELDING 20 50 1000

9.

LABOUR CHARGE 1 1000 1000

10.

METAL COST(MS) 8KG 50 400

11 TRANSPORTATION 2000 2000

12 NAME PLATE 1 350 350

13 NUTS AND BOLTS 20 25 500

14 ENGINE OIL 5 250 1250

TOTAL AMOUNT SPENT

Rs.21000

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CHAPTERS:6

ASSEMBLY DIAGRAM

ISOMETRIC VIEW OF HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE

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FRONT VIEW OF HYDRAULIC FLOOR CRANE

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CHAPTER: 7

SNAP SHOTS

SNAPSHOTS OF ASSEMBLED VIEW AND INDIVIDUAL PARTS

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SNAPSHOT OF HYRAULIC FLOOR CRANE

SNAPSHOT OF HYDRAULIC PISTON-CYLINDER ASSEMBLY

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CHAPTER: 8

CONCLUSION

The aim of our project was to build a fully functional HYDRAULIC FLOOR

CRANE mechanism which is capable of lifting load up to 10 kg . We accurately

achieved our first goal of lifting the load and 360 rotary motion of the vertical

column .

We feel that our design and fabrication was a great success both in

terms of strength and stiffness. Our project weighed 20kg which is capable of

lifting load up to 10kg using hydraulic power.

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CHAPTER: 9

REFERENCES

1. DR. T. J. PRABHU (2010) A text book of Design of Transmission Elements. 2. Design data book- PSG Collage of Technology 3. www.e4training.com 4. www.freepatentsonline.com 5. www.howstuffworks.com