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8/3/2019 Function Based Design
1/18
PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Interdisciplinary Capstone DesignWeek 10
:
Function-Based Design
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
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PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Function-based design Overview
A structured and systematic approach to engineeringdesign (Pahl & Beitz)
Conceptual design < Solution neutral term
Feature/Geometry < Functionality
Hierarchy Various levels of function-abstraction
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
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PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
What is Function?
What the product must do
Logical flows of energy, material, or informationbetween objects or the change of state of an objectcaused by one or more of the flows
Function/Flow of energy: type of energy and action
Function/Flow of materials: through-flow, divergingflow, converging flow
Function/Information flow: mechanical/electricalsignals, software
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
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PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Function Analysis Overview
Express the overall function withthe conversion of inputs into outputs
Break down the overall function intosub-functions
Draw a block diagram showing the interactionsbetween sub-functions
Draw system boundary
Search for appropriate components to performsub-functions and interactions
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
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PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Function Analysis - Procedure
Step 1: Express overall function Black box representation in terms of inputs and outputs
As broad as possible at first narrowed down later
BLACK BOX
Inputs Outputs
Function
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
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PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Function Analysis - Procedure
Step 2: Break down overall function Create a set of essential sub-functions
Express with a statement of a verb and a noun
As specific as possible
Inputs/outputs of sub-functions compatibility
Overall function Sub-function 3
Sub-function 2
Sub-function n
Sub-function 1
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
7/18PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Function Analysis - Procedure
Step 3: Draw a block diagram Order and link sub-functions appropriately
Black box Transparent box
Different convention for different types of I/O flows;energy, materials, information
Sub-function
Sub-function
Sub-function
Sub-function
Inputs
Function
Transparent box
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
8/18PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Function Analysis - Procedure
Step 4: Draw the system boundary Define precise extent and location of the system
boundary
Possibly narrow the boundary to define a feasibleproduct
Depends on management policy and client requirements
Step 5: Search for suitable components
Depends on nature of product or device to be designed Consider many alternative components
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
9/18PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Function Analysis - Example
Black box model of a power screwdriver
Overall function Inputs Outputs
Design example: Power screwdriver Step1: Express overall function
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
10/18PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Function Analysis - Example
Step2 & 3 & 4
Functional model of a power screwdriver
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
11/18PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Functional Basis Approach
Definition ofFunctional Basis A standard taxonomy of function and flow in an attempt
to formalize the representation of functional abstraction
Objectives
To develop universal design language allowing designers
to communicate product function efficiently
Impact
Product architecture development, Systematic functionstructure generation, Archival and transmittal of designinformation, Comparison of product functionality,Creativity in concept generation, Product metrics,robustness, and benchmarks
Proposed by Stone & Wood (1999)
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12/18PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Reconciled Functional Basis Flow Set
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
13/18PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Reconciled Functional Basis Function Set
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
14/18PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Case Study: Tree Tagger
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
15/18PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Case Study: Humidifier
Black-box Model
humidifyroom
Electricity Noise, Heat
Water Vapor
On/Off Humidity
Energy flow Material flow Signal flow
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16/18PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Case Study: Humidifier
Functional basis modeling
importelectricity
convert EEto TEee
ee
on/off
dissipateAE
ae
importliquidwater
storeliquidwater
guideliquidwater
transmitTE
water
te
convertliquid to gas
water
te
guidegas
vapor
dissipateTE
te
exportgasvapor
vapor
humidity
heat
noise
8/3/2019 Function Based Design
17/18PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Case Study: Gripper
Black-box Model
Energy flow Material flow Signal flow
graspobject
Electricity Noise, Heat
Object Object
On/Off
Position/Orientation Position/Orientation
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18/18PProductroduct DDesign andesign and PProductionroduction SSystemsystems LLaboratoryaboratory
Case Study: Gripper
Functional basis modeling
importelectricity
convert EEto MEee
ee
on/off
dissipateAEae noise
coupleTRE & RE
tre
re
allowDOFtre+re
importsolidobject
positionsolid
object
pos./orient.
transmitTRE + RE
tre+re
object
pos./orient.
secureobject
meobject
pos./orient.
object
pos./orient.
dissipateTEte
heat