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06.10.2003
Fuel Cell Vehicle Program
September 30, 2003
International Conference on Innovation in Energy Technologies
Why FC ?Independenceof Oil
Efficiency
Emissions
Noise
Comfort
Low CO2
ModularStructure
Less movingparts
HighPerformance
Power Source
Fuel Cells offer improvements over ICE
Innovation- Potential of a ‘Personal Power Unit’
e-
Distributed computing power lead to individualized communication and information systems
Distributed electrical power may lead to individualized working patterns and locations
DaimlerChrysler Fuel Cell Strategy - Phases 1 - 4.
Market Preparation “Fit for Daily Use” Commercialization “Ramp-Up” P
rod
uct
ion
vo
lum
e
time 2003 2007 starting 2010
30 Citaros
60 F-Cells
DaimlerChrysler‘s fuel cell strategy is based on a four phase plan.
20 Concept cars from 1994 - 2002.
Sprinter, 2001
Nebus, 1997
Necar 1, 1994 Necar 2, 1996 Necar 4, 1999 Necar 4 adv., 2000
Necar 3, 1997Jeep Commander, 2000 Necar 5, 2000
Buses
Vans
Cars
Hyd
rog
enM
ethan
ol
DaimlerChrysler Fuel Cell Vehicles
Natrium, 2001
Citaro, 2002
F-Cell, 2002
Phase 1Feasibility & Market Preparation
Phase 2Fit for Daily Use
Fuel Cell Van- 1994
Mercedes-Benz FC-van using compressed hydrogen
Necar II
• Fuel Cell System Power: 50 kWPower density: 167 W/kg
• Fueling system Fuel: HydrogenStorage: compressed
• Vehicle Max. Speed: 110 km/hRange: >250 km
Compact car with normal range
Necar 4
• Fuel Cell System Power: 70 kWPower density: 200 W/kg
• Fuelling system Fuel: HydrogenStorage: liquid
• Vehicle Max. Speed: 145 km/hRange: 450 km
Compressed hydrogen storage in a compact car
Necar 4 adv
• Fuel Cell System Power: 75 kWPower density: 210W/kg
• Fuelling system Fuel: HydrogenStorage: compressed
• Vehicle Max. Speed: 145 km/hRange: 180 km
A methanol reforming FC-system
Necar 5
• Fuel Cell System Power: 75 kWPower density: 235W/kg
• Fuelling system Fuel: MethanolStorage: liquid
• Vehicle Max. Speed: 150 km/hRange: 450+ km
NECAR 5 Coast to coast: San Francisco – Washington D.C.
May, 20th – June, 4th 2002
May, 21May, 21stst 20022002Grass Valley Grass Valley ––ElkoElko
May, 22May, 22ndnd 20022002Elko Elko ––
Salt Lake CitySalt Lake City
May, 23May, 23rdrd 20022002Salt Lake City Salt Lake City ––
RawlinsRawlins
May, 24May, 24thth 20022002Rawlins Rawlins ––
OgallalaOgallala
May, 25May, 25thth 20022002Ogallala Ogallala ––
OmahaOmaha
May, 26May, 26thth 20022002Omaha Omaha ––DavenportDavenport
May, 27May, 27thth 20022002Davenport Davenport ––
ChicagoChicago
May, 29May, 29th th 20022002Chicago Chicago –– LansingLansing
May, 31May, 31stst 20022002Detroit Detroit –– YoungstownYoungstown
June, 1June, 1stst 20022002Youngstown Youngstown ––Washington D.C.Washington D.C.
May, 20May, 20thth 20022002San Francisco San Francisco ––Grass ValleyGrass Valley
May, 30May, 30thth 20022002Lansing Lansing –– DetroitDetroit
Washington D.C.Washington D.C.
Customer Vehicle –Sprinter Delivery Van, 2001
First fuel cell vehicle in everyday testing at the customer
Results
6,000 Customers supplied
Total kilometer performance > 25,000 km
Max. speed 140 km/h
Range 150 km
First Mercedes-Benz fuel cell bus
Nebus
• Fuel Cell System Power: 250 kWPower density: 178 W/kg
• Fueling system Fuel: HydrogenStorage: compressed
• Vehicle Max. Speed: 80 km/hRange: 250 km
Providing a heavy-duty truck with power for accessories without idling the engine
FreightlinerAPU
• Fuel Cell System Power: 1.4 kWVoltage: 120 VAC / 12 VDCStack: PEM
• Fueling system Fuel: HydrogenStorage:
• Commercialization Market Entry: 2003-2005
Plant to supply DaimlerChrysler plant in Tuscaloosa, ALstarted in 2002
Stationaryapplications
(MTU)
• Fuel Cell System Power: 250 kWStack: MCFC
• Fuelling system Fuel: Natural Gas• Dimensions Weight : 15 t • Commercialization Market Entry: 2002
„Good products win ... Eventually, when something decidedly better comes along, there is a transition to the new product.“S.J. Liebowitz, S. E. Margolis
The world’s first fueling station
Fuel Cell Alliance.
Strategic partners and partnerships
Clean Energy Partnership
California Fuel Cell Partnership- Fueling Station
• DoE Program
• FreedomCAR (R&D)
• NextEnergy, MI
• California Fuel Cell Partnership
• Clean Energy Partnership (GER)
•Sinergy-EDB Fuel Cell Program Singapore
Fuel Cell Passenger Cars
60 F-Cell vehicles in 4 regions.
Sacramento
Berlin, Stuttgart
• Fuel Cell Commercialization Conference of Japan (FCCJ)
• Japan Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Demonstration Project
(JHFC)
Singapore
Tokio
Fuel cell systemPower: 72 kW
Fueling systemFuel: hydrogenStorage: compressed,
(350 bar)
VehicleMax. speed: 140 km/hRange: 150 km
F-Cell, 2003
Technical Data
First series production fuel cell passenger car. Real operations in customer hands.
European Bus Project CUTE, 2003-2005.
30 buses in 10 European citiesin daily passenger service.
ReykjavikStockholmLondonAmsterdamHamburgLuxembourgStuttgartPortoBarcelonaMadrid
Electrolysis- Green Energy- Wind Energy- Hydro Energy- Solar Power
Steam Reformer
Trucked-in- Compressed Hydrogen- Liquid Hydrogen
• high efficiency• zero/ultra low emissions• low noise• high driving comfort• performance,
package and weight• use of alternative fuels• new innovative vehicle
concept• basic demonstration of
customer benefits
• cost
• weight
• reliability and lifetime
• infrastructure
• codes and standards
1994
2003
Achievements and Challenges.
Significant improvements in 9 years. Joint efforts to master the challenges.