FSD3001 EVA Survey on Finnish Values and Attitudes 2015 · EVA Survey on Finnish Values and Attitudes 2015 [codebook]. Finnish Social Science Data Archive [producer and distributor],

FSD3001

EVA Survey on Finnish Values andAttitudes 2015

Codebook

FINNISH SOCIAL SCIENCE DATA ARCHIVE

The bibliographic citation for this codebook:

EVA Survey on Finnish Values and Attitudes 2015 [codebook]. Finnish Social Science DataArchive [producer and distributor], 2018.

This codebook has been generated from the version 1.0 (18.3.2015) of the data.

Finnish Social Science Data ArchiveFIN-33014 University of Tampere

FSD User Services:[email protected]+358 40 190 1442

Aila Data Service Portal:https://services.fsd.uta.fi/

Finnish Social Science Data Archivehttp://www.fsd.uta.fi/en/

$ Koodikirjoitin.py v36 @ 2018-07-20 14:34:43.336000 $

To the reader

This codebook is part of the data FSD3001 archived at the FSD (Finnish Social Science DataArchive).The dataset has been described in as much detail as possible in Finnish and English.Variable frequencies, variable and value labels, and missing values have been checked. If neces-sary, the data have been anonymised. The data and its creators shall be cited in all publicationsand presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in theform suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication. The bibliographiccitation suggested by the archive:

Finnish Business and Policy Forum (EVA): EVA Survey on Finnish Values andAttitudes 2015 [dataset]. Version 1.0 (2015-03-18). Finnish Social Science DataArchive [distributor]. http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3001

The user shall notify the archive of all publications where she or he has used the data. Theoriginal data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretationsarising from the reuse of the data.

The codebook contains information on data content, structure and data collection, and includesa list of publications wholly or in part based on the data, according to publication informa-tion received by the FSD. The second part of the codebook contains information on variables:question texts, response options, and frequencies. The third part contains indexes.

Variable distributions presented in this codebook have been generated from the SPSS files. Dis-tribution tables present variable values, frequencies (n), frequency percentages (%), and validpercentages (v. %) which take into account missing data. All distributions are unweighted. If thedata contain weight variables, these will be found at the end of the variables list. In some casesfrequency distributions have been substituted by descriptive statistics. Categorised responsesto open-ended questions are not always included in the codebook. Distributions may containmissing data. The note "System missing (SYSMIS)" refers to missing observations (e.g. a re-spondent has not answered all questions) whereas "Missing (User missing)" refers to data theuser has defined as missing. For example, the user may decide to code answer alternatives ’don’twant to say’ or ’can’t say’ as missing data.

The codebook may contain attached files, the most common one being the questionnaire.

Contents

1 Study description 1

1.1 Titles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.2 Subject description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.3 Structure and collection of the data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1.4 Use of data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2 Variables 5

3 Indexes 91

3.1 Variables in the order of occurrence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

3.2 Variables in alphabetical order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

A Questionnaire in Finnish 111

i

Chapter 1

Study description

1.1 Titles

Titles and data version: EVA Survey on Finnish Values and Attitudes 2015

Titles and data version in Finnish: EVAn kansallinen asennetutkimus 2015

This codebook has been generated from the version 1.0 (18.3.2015) of the data.

1.2 Subject description

Authoring entity

Finnish Business and Policy Forum (EVA)

Copyright statement for the data

According to the agreement between FSD and the depositor.

Depositor

Haavisto, Ilkka (Finnish Business and Policy Forum)

Date of deposit

11.2.2015

Keywords

businesses; decision making; European integration; health services; leadership; occupationallife; parliamentary elections; safety and security; taxation; well-being

1

1. Study description

Topic Classification

Fields of Science Classification: social sciences

CESSDA Classification: economic systems and development; political behaviour and atti-tudes; social behaviour and attitudes

Series description

The data belong to the series:

EVA Surveys on Finnish Values and Attitudes

Since 1984, the Finnish Business and Policy Forum (EVA) has conducted biennial surveysstudying changes in Finnish attitudes, values, and perceptions of the present and the future. Theseries, formerly known as Finnish National Attitudes, aims at measuring and analysing citizens’views on Finnish society. The data allow a detailed empirical analysis and systematic follow-upof change in public opinion. Each dataset contains both new themes and recurring themes withquestions repeated over the years.

Themes covered include democracy, market economy, welfare, environment, society and poli-tics, Finland’s international position, economic depression, economic growth, Finnish identity,and views on the future. The surveys are funded by EVA and have usually been carried outby Yhdyskuntatutkimus. The FSD collections also include surveys on values and attitudes ofcorporate executives (for example, FSD1091), in which some of the questions presented in thisseries have been repeated.

Abstract

The main themes of the survey were leadership, work, taxation and security of Finland.

First, the respondents were asked to what extent they agreed with a number of statements relat-ing to, for instance, political parties and the political system, science and technology, employ-ment, economic growth, taxation, changes in society, health care, environment, entrepreneur-ship, public services, Finland’s foreign relations, NATO membership, regulation of alcohol,social services, national debt, etc.

Regarding the parliamentary elections of 2015, the respondents were asked what the new gov-ernment should focus on (e.g. lowering taxation, increasing funding for education, crime pre-vention, cutting public expenditure) and how well certain characteristics and descriptions (e.g."patriotic, always promotes Finland’s interests") applied to the four prime minister candidates(Antti Rinne, Juha Sipilä, Timo Soini, Alexander Stubb). Opinions were charted on why Fin-land’s capacity for decision-making has been poor. Reasons mentioned included, for instance,the inexperience of decision-makers, politicians’ fear of media reaction and negative publicity,shift of decision-making to the EU, and the strong role of bureaucracy.

Regarding taxation, the respondents’ opinions were surveyed on statements about tax policy(e.g. "On the whole, taxation in Finland is too high", "Taxation should not be lowered if it leadsto weakening social security and public services") and which taxes should be increased and

2

1.3. Structure and collection of the data

decreased. Views on the likelihood of certain future developments in occupational life wereinvestigated. The respondents were also asked which ways of increasing the amount of workdone in Finland they regarded acceptable in order to finance the welfare state (e.g. increasingweekly working hours, raising retirement age). Self-perceived health status and use of privateand public health services were surveyed as well as opinions on the quality of health services inFinland.

The respondents were asked how well certain characteristics/descriptions applied to Russia (e.g."good neighbour and associate", "centralised dictatorship"). Relating to the European Union,opinions were charted on Finland’s EU membership and the currency change to euro. The re-spondents were also asked whether the EMU membership and the euro were advantageous ordisadvantageous to Finland in the economic situation at the time of the survey, and whether theywould have voted for or against Finland’s EU membership if a referendum had been held at thetime of responding.

Background variables included the respondent’s gender, year of birth, region of residence (NUTS3),basic and vocational education, economic activity and occupational status, industry of employ-ment, political party choice if parliamentary elections were held at the time of survey, member-ship in a trade union, self-perceived social class, and number of inhabitants in the municipalityof residence.

1.3 Structure and collection of the data

Country: Finland

Geographic coverage: Finland

Analysis or observation unit type: Individual

Universe: People aged between 18 and 70 living in Finland, excluding the Åland Islands

Collection date: 9.1.2015 – 22.1.2015

Data collector(s): Taloustutkimus

Mode of data collection: Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)

Type of research instrument: Structured questionnaire

Time period covered: 2015

Time method of the data collection: Longitudinal: Trend/Repeated cross-section

Response rate: 23%

Number of variables and cases: The data contain 189 variables and 2056 cases.

Sampling procedure: Probability: Multistage

The Internet panel of Taloustutkimus, randomly drawn from Finland’s population register, con-sists of people aged 15-79 who have entered their demographic and sociographic informationwhen registering to the panel and have given their consent to Taloustutkimus to invite them toparticipate in different surveys. Answering any survey is voluntary and participants can leavethe panel any time they want.

The sample for this study was drawn from among the Taloustutkimus panel members, to be rep-

3

1. Study description

resentative of the 18-70-year-old Finnish population (excluding the Åland Islands) in terms ofage, gender, province of residence, education, economic activity and occupational status, indus-try of employment, and political party allegiance (what party would vote for in parliamentaryelections). The participants completed an interactive online questionnaire using a secure con-nection provided by Taloustutkimus. Reminder e-mails were sent twice to selected groups ofnon-respondents and to persons who had completed only a part of the questionnaire. The origi-nal survey population was supplemented by sending survey invitations to an additional sampleselected from the panel. The total number of respondents was 2,056 persons.

1.4 Use of data

Related publications

Apunen, Matti & Haavisto, Ilkka & Sipola, Johanna & Toivonen, Sarianna (2015). Ken onmaassa jämäkin? EVAn Arvo- ja asennetutkimus 2015. EVA Raportti 1/2015. Helsinki: Talousti-eto.

Erola, Marko & Haavisto, Ilkka & Hokkanen, Eveliina & Kauhanen, Antti & Koskinen, Seppo& Malm Lindberg, Henrik & Makkula, Janne & Vihriälä, Vesa (2018) [verkkodokumentti].Työn uudet ehdot raportti. Miten avaamme työmarkkinoiden umpisolmut? Helsinki: Elinkei-noelämän valtuuskunta. EVA Raportti. https://www.eva.fi/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/eva_raportti_tyon_uudet_ehdot.pdf[viitattu 29.6.2018]

Häkkinen, Sini (2016). Pakko-ottoja vai avain sivistykseen. Suomalaisten mielipiteet verotuksenoikeudenmukaisuudesta. Turku: Turun yliopisto. Valtio-opin kandidaatintutkielma.

Penttilä, Katariina (2017). Ympäristöhuolen muutos ja sukupuolittuneisuus Suomessa 1986 -2013. Tampere: Tampereen yliopisto. Sosiologian kandidaatin tutkielma.

Updated list of publications in the study description at

https://services.fsd.uta.fi/catalogue/FSD3001?lang=en&study_language=en

Location of the data collection

Finnish Social Science Data Archive

Weighting

The data contain a weight variable with which the data can be weighted to represent the Finnishpopulation aged 18-70 in terms of age, gender, province of residence, education, economicactivity and occupational status, industry of employment and political party allegiance.

Restrictions

The dataset is (B) available for research, teaching and study.

4

Chapter 2

Variables

[FSD_NO] FSD study number

Question

FSD study number

Descriptive statistics

statistic valuenumber of valid cases 2056minimum 3001.00maximum 3001.00mean 3001.00standard deviation 0.00

[FSD_VR] FSD edition number

Question

FSD edition number



5

2. Variables

[FSD_ID] FSD case id

Question

FSD case id



[Q1_1] No party promotes issues that are important to me

Question

No party promotes issues that are important to me

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Strongly agree 1 157 7.6 7.6Agree to some extent 2 576 28.0 28.0Difficult to say 3 449 21.8 21.8Disagree to some extent 4 673 32.7 32.7Strongly disagree 5 201 9.8 9.8

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_2] Finland has gone too far into globalisation; from now on we shouldreturn our focus to national economy and politics

Question

Finland has gone too far into globalisation; from now on we should return our focus to nationaleconomy and politics

Frequencies

6

Q1_4


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_3] Finland’s ageing and diminishing population means that Finlandneeds to make immigration easier

Question

Finland’s ageing and diminishing population means that Finland needs to make immigrationeasier

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_4] Climate change is the biggest environmental threat of our time. Inorder to prevent it, every country must take immediate and effective mea-sures

Question

Climate change is the biggest environmental threat of our time. In order to prevent it, everycountry must take immediate and effective measures

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Strongly agree 1 625 30.4 30.4Agree to some extent 2 773 37.6 37.6Difficult to say 3 303 14.7 14.7Disagree to some extent 4 249 12.1 12.1

(continued on next page)

7

2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. %Strongly disagree 5 106 5.2 5.2

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_5] Replacing people with machines and automation will cause perma-nent mass unemployment

Question

Replacing people with machines and automation will cause permanent mass unemployment

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_6] If Finns had a more positive attitude to entrepreneurship, the wholesociety would benefit

Question

If Finns had a more positive attitude to entrepreneurship, the whole society would benefit

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

8

Q1_9

[Q1_7] Politicians and political parties should inform citizens much moreclearly than they do now of the kind of policies they would adopt after beingelected

Question

Politicians and political parties should inform citizens much more clearly than they do now ofthe kind of policies they would adopt after being elected

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_8] I would be willing to accept a lower wage, if working hours wereshortened and I had more leisure time

Question

I would be willing to accept a lower wage, if working hours were shortened and I had moreleisure time

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_9] Economic growth is the only way to continuous well-being

Question

Economic growth is the only way to continuous well-being

9

2. Variables

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_10] In Finland, the interests of employees and employers are largelyconvergent

Question

In Finland, the interests of employees and employers are largely convergent

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_11] Finland has to take quick measures to reduce its rapidly growingnational debt, whatever cuts in benefits and welfare it may require

Question

Finland has to take quick measures to reduce its rapidly growing national debt, whatever cutsin benefits and welfare it may require

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Strongly agree 1 312 15.2 15.2Agree to some extent 2 667 32.4 32.4Difficult to say 3 429 20.9 20.9


10

Q1_13


label value n % v. %Disagree to some extent 4 498 24.2 24.2Strongly disagree 5 150 7.3 7.3

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_12] High income tax reduces my willingness to work

Question

High income tax reduces my willingness to work

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_13] Finland should increasingly manage its relationship with Russiathrough the EU, not directly

Question

Finland should increasingly manage its relationship with Russia through the EU, not directly

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

11

2. Variables

[Q1_14] Income disparity between different population groups has growntoo large in our country

Question

Income disparity between different population groups has grown too large in our country

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_15] It is likely that I will have to learn a new trade in the near futuredue to structural change

Question

It is likely that I will have to learn a new trade in the near future due to structural change

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_16] Alcohol problems are glossed over and downplayed at Finnishworkplaces and generally in society

Question

Alcohol problems are glossed over and downplayed at Finnish workplaces and generally insociety

Frequencies

12

Q1_18


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_17] Finland needs strong leaders who can restore order, discipline andrespect for proper values

Question

Finland needs strong leaders who can restore order, discipline and respect for proper values

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_18] Interest groups have too much influence on Finland’s political de-cision making

Question

Interest groups have too much influence on Finland’s political decision making

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

13

2. Variables

[Q1_19] It doesn’t make a difference which parties form the governmentafter the next parliamentary elections, the present policy is not going tochange

Question

It doesn’t make a difference which parties form the government after the next parliamentaryelections, the present policy is not going to change

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_20] Finland should participate in international tax competition more,and lower income, corporation and capital taxes considerably

Question

Finland should participate in international tax competition more, and lower income, corpora-tion and capital taxes considerably

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

14

Q1_23

[Q1_21] It would be good if the party system in Finland developed towardsa two-party system (a system of two leading parties, for example, a ’bour-geois’/conservative party and a ’leftist’ party)

Question

It would be good if the party system in Finland developed towards a two-party system (a systemof two leading parties, for example, a ’bourgeois’/conservative party and a ’leftist’ party)

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_22] It is fair that the foreign top experts persuaded to move to Finlandpay a lower income tax than ordinary Finnish citizens

Question

It is fair that the foreign top experts persuaded to move to Finland pay a lower income tax thanordinary Finnish citizens

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_23] Even though comprehensive social security and public services arecostly, Finnish welfare state is always good value for money

Question

Even though comprehensive social security and public services are costly, Finnish welfare stateis always good value for money

15

2. Variables

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_24] If taxes were lowered, I would be willing to give up some of theservices I receive from the state and municipalities

Question

If taxes were lowered, I would be willing to give up some of the services I receive from the stateand municipalities

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_25] Personally, I would be glad to pay more taxes than I do at themoment

Question

Personally, I would be glad to pay more taxes than I do at the moment

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Strongly agree 1 69 3.4 3.4Agree to some extent 2 244 11.9 11.9Difficult to say 3 404 19.6 19.6


16

Q1_27


label value n % v. %Disagree to some extent 4 717 34.9 34.9Strongly disagree 5 622 30.3 30.3

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_26] Instead of constantly raising taxes, the efficiency of the public sec-tor should be improved

Question

Instead of constantly raising taxes, the efficiency of the public sector should be improved

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_27] Being an entrepreneur in Finland entails so high payments andrisks that ’only a madman’ would want to become an entrepreneur infavour of a steady paid job

Question

Being an entrepreneur in Finland entails so high payments and risks that ’only a madman’would want to become an entrepreneur in favour of a steady paid job

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

17

2. Variables

[Q1_28] A model based on freedom of choice should be adopted in publicprimary health care, where citizens can choose their place of treatment outof municipal health centres and private health care units

Question

A model based on freedom of choice should be adopted in public primary health care, wherecitizens can choose their place of treatment out of municipal health centres and private healthcare units

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_29] In the current financial situation, introducing tax cuts would dis-play a lack of solidarity because they would mainly benefit people withaverage and high income

Question

In the current financial situation, introducing tax cuts would display a lack of solidarity becausethey would mainly benefit people with average and high income

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

18

Q1_32

[Q1_30] Unless the organisation and activities of the trade union movementare rebuilt on a totally new basis, it will not be able to promote the interestsof its members in the future

Question

Unless the organisation and activities of the trade union movement are rebuilt on a totally newbasis, it will not be able to promote the interests of its members in the future

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_31] I would be willing to take any job going rather than be unemployed

Question

I would be willing to take any job going rather than be unemployed

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_32] Even if taxation in Finland were to increase somewhat from itscurrent level, it would not cause significant harm to the economy and in-vestments

Question

Even if taxation in Finland were to increase somewhat from its current level, it would not causesignificant harm to the economy and investments

19

2. Variables

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_33] Recent events in the Middle East (e.g. ISIS) have increased thethreat of terrorism also in Finland

Question

Recent events in the Middle East (e.g. ISIS) have increased the threat of terrorism also in Fin-land

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_34] Even though Russia has its own problems, Finns have no reason totake a negative attitude to this big neighbour

Question

Even though Russia has its own problems, Finns have no reason to take a negative attitude tothis big neighbour

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Strongly agree 1 273 13.3 13.3Agree to some extent 2 655 31.9 31.9


20

Q1_36


label value n % v. %Difficult to say 3 396 19.3 19.3Disagree to some extent 4 536 26.1 26.1Strongly disagree 5 196 9.5 9.5

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_35] Finland has a responsibility to participate in international crisismanagement operations all over the world

Question

Finland has a responsibility to participate in international crisis management operations allover the world

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_36] I am interested in politics and follow it actively

Question

I am interested in politics and follow it actively

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

21

2. Variables

[Q1_37] What is essential in public services is their availability to all citi-zens, not who provides them

Question

What is essential in public services is their availability to all citizens, not who provides them

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_38] I am so attached to my own region of residence that I would notmove anywhere else even to get a job

Question

I am so attached to my own region of residence that I would not move anywhere else even to geta job

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_39] Increased threat of Russia has already led to a growth in ’Finlan-disation’

Question

Increased threat of Russia has already led to a growth in ’Finlandisation’

Frequencies

22

Q1_41


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_40] It is good that right-wing and left-wing parties can be in the samegovernment in Finland

Question

It is good that right-wing and left-wing parties can be in the same government in Finland

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_41] It is fair that top professionals are significantly better paid thanothers, even if it increases income inequality

Question

It is fair that top professionals are significantly better paid than others, even if it increasesincome inequality

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

23

2. Variables

[Q1_42] Basic income or the so-called citizen’s income is a bad idea, be-cause ’free’ money eliminates people’s willingness to work

Question

Basic income or the so-called citizen’s income is a bad idea, because ’free’ money eliminatespeople’s willingness to work

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_43] It would be fair if people who take good care of their health wereprovided incentives, such as tax deductions

Question

It would be fair if people who take good care of their health were provided incentives, such astax deductions

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_44] Finland should join NATO

Question

Finland should join NATO

Frequencies

24

Q1_46


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_45] The crisis in Ukraine and Russia’s increased military operationshave made my attitude towards Finland’s potential NATO membershipmore positive than before

Question

The crisis in Ukraine and Russia’s increased military operations have made my attitude towardsFinland’s potential NATO membership more positive than before

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_46] Taxation should be lowered so that highly skilled people and own-ers / big shareholders would not move away from Finland

Question

Taxation should be lowered so that highly skilled people and owners / big shareholders wouldnot move away from Finland

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Strongly agree 1 363 17.7 17.7Agree to some extent 2 683 33.2 33.2Difficult to say 3 445 21.6 21.6Disagree to some extent 4 411 20.0 20.0


25

2. Variables


label value n % v. %Strongly disagree 5 154 7.5 7.5

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_47] In the future, Finland’s pension systems will collapse and the pay-ment of even ’already earned’ pensions will become impossible

Question

In the future, Finland’s pension systems will collapse and the payment of even ’already earned’pensions will become impossible

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q1_48] Limiting the availability or advertising of alcohol will not fix thealcohol problems in Finland

Question

Limiting the availability or advertising of alcohol will not fix the alcohol problems in Finland

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

26

Q2_2

[Q2_1] Which issues do you think the future government should emphasisein its actions: Improving employment/reducing unemployment

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Improvingemployment/reducing unemployment

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Should be emphasised much more 1 1417 68.9 68.9Should be emphasised more 2 491 23.9 23.9Same emphasis as now 3 113 5.5 5.5Should be emphasised less 4 5 0.2 0.2Should be emphasised a lot less 5 2 0.1 0.1Can’t say 6 28 1.4 1.4

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q2_2] Which issues do you think the future government should emphasisein its actions: Preventing the growth of national debt

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Preventingthe growth of national debt

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

27

2. Variables

[Q2_3] Which issues do you think the future government should emphasisein its actions: Lowering taxes

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Loweringtaxes

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q2_4] Which issues do you think the future government should emphasisein its actions: Improving the level of social security benefits

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Improving thelevel of social security benefits

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

28

Q2_6

[Q2_5] Which issues do you think the future government should emphasisein its actions: Promoting Finland’s NATO membership

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: PromotingFinland’s NATO membership

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q2_6] Which issues do you think the future government should emphasisein its actions: Increasing freedom of choice in health care

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Increasingfreedom of choice in health care

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

29

2. Variables

[Q2_7] Which issues do you think the future government should emphasisein its actions: Increasing the funding of education

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Increasingthe funding of education

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q2_8] Which issues do you think the future government should emphasisein its actions: Stricter environmental laws

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Stricter envi-ronmental laws

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

30

Q2_10

[Q2_9] Which issues do you think the future government should emphasisein its actions: Increasing labour market flexibility

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Increasinglabour market flexibility

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q2_10] Which issues do you think the future government should empha-sise in its actions: Reducing the problems of growth centres

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Reducing theproblems of growth centres

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

31

2. Variables

[Q2_11] Which issues do you think the future government should empha-sise in its actions: Reducing the problems of rural and remote areas

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Reducing theproblems of rural and remote areas

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q2_12] Which issues do you think the future government should empha-sise in its actions: Preventing crime

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Preventingcrime

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

32

Q2_14

[Q2_13] Which issues do you think the future government should empha-sise in its actions: Promoting immigration

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Promotingimmigration

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q2_14] Which issues do you think the future government should empha-sise in its actions: Promoting economic competition

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Promotingeconomic competition

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

33

2. Variables

[Q2_15] Which issues do you think the future government should empha-sise in its actions: EU issues, taking a more active role in developing theUnion

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: EU issues,taking a more active role in developing the Union

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q2_16] Which issues do you think the future government should empha-sise in its actions: Foreign relations, being active in foreign policy issues

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Foreign rela-tions, being active in foreign policy issues

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

34

Q2_18

[Q2_17] Which issues do you think the future government should empha-sise in its actions: Development cooperation, helping developing countries

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Developmentcooperation, helping developing countries

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q2_18] Which issues do you think the future government should empha-sise in its actions: Advancing economic growth

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Advancingeconomic growth

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

35

2. Variables

[Q2_19] Which issues do you think the future government should empha-sise in its actions: Cutting public spending

Question

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Cutting publicspending

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3A_1] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAntti Rinne: Skilled in economics, creator of new jobs and growth

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Skilled in eco-nomics, creator of new jobs and growth

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Very well 1 80 3.9 3.9Quite well 2 645 31.4 31.4Not very well 3 608 29.6 29.6Not at all well 4 241 11.7 11.7Can’t say 5 482 23.4 23.4

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3A_2] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAntti Rinne: Unites the nation, builds peace

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Unites the nation,builds peace

36

Q3A_4

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3A_3] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAntti Rinne: Patriotic, has always Finland’s best interest in mind

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Patriotic, hasalways Finland’s best interest in mind

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3A_4] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAntti Rinne: Trustworthy leader, does not falter in difficult situations

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Trustworthyleader, does not falter in difficult situations

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Very well 1 66 3.2 3.2Quite well 2 510 24.8 24.8


37

2. Variables


label value n % v. %Not very well 3 604 29.4 29.4Not at all well 4 250 12.2 12.2Can’t say 5 626 30.4 30.4

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3A_5] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAntti Rinne: Skilled in foreign and security policy

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Skilled in foreignand security policy

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3A_6] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAntti Rinne: Independent of interest groups and ’cliques’

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Independent ofinterest groups and ’cliques’

Frequencies



38

Q3A_8


label value n % v. %2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3A_7] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAntti Rinne: Able to represent Finland, even by international standards

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Able to representFinland, even by international standards

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3A_8] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAntti Rinne: Understands the everyday life of ordinary Finns

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Understands theeveryday life of ordinary Finns

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

39

2. Variables

[Q3A_9] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAntti Rinne: Fair and just, able to see all the different sides of an issue

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Fair and just,able to see all the different sides of an issue

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3A_10] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAntti Rinne: Stands up for the weak and oppressed

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Stands up for theweak and oppressed

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3B_1] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateJuha Sipilä: Skilled in economics, creator of new jobs and growth

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Skilled in eco-nomics, creator of new jobs and growth

40

Q3B_3

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3B_2] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateJuha Sipilä: Unites the nation, builds peace

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Unites the nation,builds peace

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3B_3] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateJuha Sipilä: Patriotic, has always Finland’s best interest in mind

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Patriotic, hasalways Finland’s best interest in mind

Frequencies



41

2. Variables



2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3B_4] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateJuha Sipilä: Trustworthy leader, does not falter in difficult situations

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Trustworthyleader, does not falter in difficult situations

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3B_5] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateJuha Sipilä: Skilled in foreign and security policy

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Skilled in foreignand security policy

Frequencies



42

Q3B_7


label value n % v. %2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3B_6] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateJuha Sipilä: Independent of interest groups and ’cliques’

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Independent ofinterest groups and ’cliques’

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3B_7] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateJuha Sipilä: Able to represent Finland, even by international standards

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Able to representFinland, even by international standards

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

43

2. Variables

[Q3B_8] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateJuha Sipilä: Understands the everyday life of ordinary Finns

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Understands theeveryday life of ordinary Finns

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3B_9] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateJuha Sipilä: Fair and just, able to see all the different sides of an issue

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Fair and just,able to see all the different sides of an issue

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3B_10] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateJuha Sipilä: Stands up for the weak and oppressed

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Stands up for theweak and oppressed

44

Q3C_2

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3C_1] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateTimo Soini: Skilled in economics, creator of new jobs and growth

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Skilled in eco-nomics, creator of new jobs and growth

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3C_2] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateTimo Soini: Unites the nation, builds peace

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Unites the nation,builds peace

Frequencies



45

2. Variables



2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3C_3] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateTimo Soini: Patriotic, has always Finland’s best interest in mind

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Patriotic, hasalways Finland’s best interest in mind

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3C_4] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateTimo Soini: Trustworthy leader, does not falter in difficult situations

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Trustworthyleader, does not falter in difficult situations

Frequencies



46

Q3C_6


label value n % v. %2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3C_5] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateTimo Soini: Skilled in foreign and security policy

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Skilled in foreignand security policy

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3C_6] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateTimo Soini: Independent of interest groups and ’cliques’

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Independent ofinterest groups and ’cliques’

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

47

2. Variables

[Q3C_7] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateTimo Soini: Able to represent Finland, even by international standards

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Able to representFinland, even by international standards

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3C_8] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateTimo Soini: Understands the everyday life of ordinary Finns

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Understands theeveryday life of ordinary Finns

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3C_9] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateTimo Soini: Fair and just, able to see all the different sides of an issue

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Fair and just,able to see all the different sides of an issue

48

Q3D_1

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3C_10] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateTimo Soini: Stands up for the weak and oppressed

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Stands up for theweak and oppressed

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3D_1] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAlexander Stubb: Skilled in economics, creator of new jobs and growth

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Skilled ineconomics, creator of new jobs and growth

Frequencies



49

2. Variables



2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3D_2] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAlexander Stubb: Unites the nation, builds peace

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Unites thenation, builds peace

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3D_3] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAlexander Stubb: Patriotic, has always Finland’s best interest in mind

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Patriotic,has always Finland’s best interest in mind

Frequencies



50

Q3D_5


label value n % v. %2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3D_4] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAlexander Stubb: Trustworthy leader, does not falter in difficult situations

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Trustworthyleader, does not falter in difficult situations

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3D_5] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAlexander Stubb: Skilled in foreign and security policy

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Skilled inforeign and security policy

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

51

2. Variables

[Q3D_6] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAlexander Stubb: Independent of interest groups and ’cliques’

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Independentof interest groups and ’cliques’

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3D_7] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAlexander Stubb: Able to represent Finland, even by international stan-dards

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Able torepresent Finland, even by international standards

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3D_8] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAlexander Stubb: Understands the everyday life of ordinary Finns

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Under-stands the everyday life of ordinary Finns

52

Q3D_10

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3D_9] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAlexander Stubb: Fair and just, able to see all the different sides of an issue

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Fair andjust, able to see all the different sides of an issue

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q3D_10] How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidateAlexander Stubb: Stands up for the weak and oppressed

Question

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Stands upfor the weak and oppressed

Frequencies



53

2. Variables



2056 100.0 100.0

[Q4_1] To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the fol-lowing: Decision-makers are too inexperienced

Question

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Decision-makers aretoo inexperienced

Frequencies

label value n % v. %To a very large extent 1 507 24.7 24.7To quite a large extent 2 822 40.0 40.0Difficult to say 3 372 18.1 18.1To quite a small extent 4 322 15.7 15.7Not at all 5 33 1.6 1.6

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q4_2] To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the fol-lowing: Politicians are guided too much by self-interest

Question

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Politicians are guidedtoo much by self-interest

Frequencies



54

Q4_4


label value n % v. %2056 100.0 100.0

[Q4_3] To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the fol-lowing: There are too many political parties with diverging goals in Finland

Question

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: There are too manypolitical parties with diverging goals in Finland

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q4_4] To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the fol-lowing: Politicians are afraid of polls, of being judged by the people

Question

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Politicians are afraidof polls, of being judged by the people

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

55

2. Variables

[Q4_5] To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the fol-lowing: Decision-makers have become alienated from the everyday life ofFinns

Question

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Decision-makershave become alienated from the everyday life of Finns

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q4_6] To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the fol-lowing: Politicians are afraid of media reaction and negative publicity

Question

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Politicians are afraidof media reaction and negative publicity

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q4_7] To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the fol-lowing: Decision-making has shifted too much to the EU

Question

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Decision-making hasshifted too much to the EU

56

Q4_9

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q4_8] To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the fol-lowing: The position of the Prime Minister is too weak

Question

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: The position of thePrime Minister is too weak

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q4_9] To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the fol-lowing: Politicians attempt to secure populist ’quick wins’

Question

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Politicians attemptto secure populist ’quick wins’

Frequencies

label value n % v. %To a very large extent 1 782 38.0 38.0To quite a large extent 2 837 40.7 40.7


57

2. Variables


label value n % v. %Difficult to say 3 333 16.2 16.2To quite a small extent 4 87 4.2 4.2Not at all 5 17 0.8 0.8

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q4_10] To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by thefollowing: The role of bureaucracy is too strong

Question

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: The role of bureau-cracy is too strong

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q5_1] Taxation in Finland is too severe

Question

Taxation in Finland is too severe

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Agree 1 1157 56.3 56.3Difficult to say 2 392 19.1 19.1Disagree 3 507 24.7 24.7

2056 100.0 100.0

58

Q5_4

[Q5_2] Stricter income taxation of high income earners (progressive taxa-tion) is fair nowadays

Question

Stricter income taxation of high income earners (progressive taxation) is fair nowadays

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q5_3] Differences in financial circumstances between population groupsare evened out too much through taxation

Question

Differences in financial circumstances between population groups are evened out too muchthrough taxation

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q5_4] Labour taxation should be lowered and the tax burden on consump-tion increased

Question

Labour taxation should be lowered and the tax burden on consumption increased

Frequencies

59

2. Variables


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q5_5] Tax cuts would increase tax revenue, as economic activity wouldincrease

Question

Tax cuts would increase tax revenue, as economic activity would increase

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q5_6] Taxation should not be lowered if it leads to the weakening of socialsecurity and public services

Question

Taxation should not be lowered if it leads to the weakening of social security and public services

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q5_7] I feel my taxes are unfairly high

Question

I feel my taxes are unfairly high

Frequencies

60

Q6_2


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q6_1] Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Earnedincome (wages and pensions) taxes should be...

Question

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Earned income (wages and pen-sions) taxes should be...

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Raised a lot 1 7 0.3 0.3Raised a little 2 145 7.1 7.1Kept at present level 3 843 41.0 41.0Lowered a little 4 684 33.3 33.3Lowered a lot 5 308 15.0 15.0Can’t say 6 69 3.4 3.4

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q6_2] Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Cor-porate income taxes should be...

Question

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Corporate income taxes shouldbe...

Frequencies



61

2. Variables


label value n % v. %2056 100.0 100.0

[Q6_3] Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Cap-ital income (investment income) taxes should be...

Question

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Capital income (investment in-come) taxes should be...

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q6_4] Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? In-heritance and gift taxes should be...

Question

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Inheritance and gift taxes shouldbe...

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

62

Q6_6

[Q6_5] Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Im-movable property (real estate) taxes should be...

Question

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Immovable property (real estate)taxes should be...

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q6_6] Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? En-ergy taxes and excise duties on fuels should be...

Question

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Energy taxes and excise dutieson fuels should be...

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

63

2. Variables

[Q6_7] Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Ex-cise duties on alcoholic beverages should be...

Question

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Excise duties on alcoholic bev-erages should be...

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q6_8] Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Con-sumption taxes (value-added tax, VAT) should be...

Question

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Consumption taxes (value-addedtax, VAT) should be...

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q6_9] Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? VATon food should be...

Question

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? VAT on food should be...

64

Q7_1

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q6_10] Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? To-tal tax rate, that is, collected total tax revenues, should be...

Question

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Total tax rate, that is, collectedtotal tax revenues, should be...

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q7_1] How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnishworking life over the next few years: Terms and conditions of employmentwill be agreed locally/at company level

Question

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over the nextfew years: Terms and conditions of employment will be agreed locally/at company level

Frequencies

65

2. Variables

label value n % v. %Very likely 1 335 16.3 16.3Fairly likely 2 912 44.4 44.4Difficult to say 3 399 19.4 19.4Not very likely 4 348 16.9 16.9Unlikely 5 62 3.0 3.0

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q7_2] How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnishworking life over the next few years: Casual work and project-length con-tracts will increase

Question

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over the nextfew years: Casual work and project-length contracts will increase

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q7_3] How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnishworking life over the next few years: An increasing number of people willbecome entrepreneurs/self-employed instead of being employees

Question

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over the nextfew years: An increasing number of people will become entrepreneurs/self-employed instead ofbeing employees

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Very likely 1 284 13.8 13.8


66

Q7_5


label value n % v. %Fairly likely 2 918 44.6 44.6Difficult to say 3 457 22.2 22.2Not very likely 4 340 16.5 16.5Unlikely 5 57 2.8 2.8

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q7_4] How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnishworking life over the next few years: People will learn to accept insecurejobs

Question

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over the nextfew years: People will learn to accept insecure jobs

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q7_5] How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnishworking life over the next few years: There will be better possibilities tochoose what one’s duties at work are

Question

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over the nextfew years: There will be better possibilities to choose what one’s duties at work are

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Very likely 1 75 3.6 3.6


67

2. Variables


label value n % v. %Fairly likely 2 345 16.8 16.8Difficult to say 3 543 26.4 26.4Not very likely 4 882 42.9 42.9Unlikely 5 211 10.3 10.3

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q7_6] How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnishworking life over the next few years: Ageing people will carry on workingto a significantly higher age than they do nowadays

Question

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over thenext few years: Ageing people will carry on working to a significantly higher age than they donowadays

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q8_1] How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to makeFinns work more/longer: Increasing weekly working hours

Question

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Increasing weekly working hours

Frequencies

label value n % v. %A very good way 1 87 4.2 4.2A fairly good way 2 428 20.8 20.8


68

Q8_3


label value n % v. %A fairly bad way 3 814 39.6 39.6A very bad way 4 649 31.6 31.6Can’t say 5 78 3.8 3.8

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q8_2] How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to makeFinns work more/longer: Making it more difficult to take early retirementor get disability pension

Question

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Making it more difficult to take early retirement or get disability pension

Frequencies

label value n % v. %A very good way 1 95 4.6 4.6A fairly good way 2 433 21.1 21.1A fairly bad way 3 851 41.4 41.4A very bad way 4 579 28.2 28.2Can’t say 5 98 4.8 4.8

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q8_3] How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to makeFinns work more/longer: Raising old-age pension age to make people worklonger

Question

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Raising old-age pension age to make people work longer

Frequencies

label value n % v. %A very good way 1 98 4.8 4.8A fairly good way 2 536 26.1 26.1


69

2. Variables


label value n % v. %A fairly bad way 3 781 38.0 38.0A very bad way 4 548 26.7 26.7Can’t say 5 93 4.5 4.5

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q8_4] How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to makeFinns work more/longer: Reducing the duration of full-time education tomake young people graduate sooner, increasing working careers from thebeginning

Question

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Reducing the duration of full-time education to make young people graduate sooner, increasingworking careers from the beginning

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q8_5] How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to makeFinns work more/longer: Providing new financial incentives for older peo-ple willing to work longer

Question

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Providing new financial incentives for older people willing to work longer

Frequencies


70

Q8_7


label value n % v. %


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q8_6] How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to makeFinns work more/longer: Increasing annual working hours by shorteningannual leave entitlement

Question

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Increasing annual working hours by shortening annual leave entitlement

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q8_7] How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to makeFinns work more/longer: Increasing the working age population by pro-moting immigration to Finland

Question

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Increasing the working age population by promoting immigration to Finland

Frequencies

71

2. Variables


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q8_8] How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to makeFinns work more/longer: Making it more difficult to get unemploymentbenefits

Question

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Making it more difficult to get unemployment benefits

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q9_1] In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowa-days in the following: Waiting time to get a doctor’s appointment in munic-ipal health centres

Question

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Wait-ing time to get a doctor’s appointment in municipal health centres

Frequencies



72

Q9_3


label value n % v. %Quite poorly 3 656 31.9 31.9Very poorly 4 390 19.0 19.0Can’t say 5 175 8.5 8.5

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q9_2] In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowa-days in the following: Prevention of health problems, early intervention

Question

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Pre-vention of health problems, early intervention

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Very well 1 34 1.7 1.7Quite well 2 415 20.2 20.2Quite poorly 3 932 45.3 45.3Very poorly 4 497 24.2 24.2Can’t say 5 178 8.7 8.7

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q9_3] In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowa-days in the following: Equality between citizens in health care

Question

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Equal-ity between citizens in health care

Frequencies



73

2. Variables


label value n % v. %2056 100.0 100.0

[Q9_4] In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowa-days in the following: Waiting times for surgery and other kinds of sec-ondary care

Question

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Wait-ing times for surgery and other kinds of secondary care

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q9_5] In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowa-days in the following: Rehabilitation therapy after treatment

Question

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Re-habilitation therapy after treatment

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

74

Q9_8

[Q9_6] In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowa-days in the following: Paying attention to customers’ concerns and opinions

Question

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Payingattention to customers’ concerns and opinions

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q9_7] In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowa-days in the following: Freedom of choice, possibility for citizens to choosewhere and by whom they are to be treated

Question

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Free-dom of choice, possibility for citizens to choose where and by whom they are to be treated

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q9_8] In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowa-days in the following: Services are located close enough

Question

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Ser-vices are located close enough

75

2. Variables

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q10A] Which health services do you primarily use? Do you use...

Question

Which health services do you primarily use? Do you use...

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Municipal health care services 1 1072 52.1 52.1Occupational health care services 2 722 35.1 35.1Private health care services 3 262 12.7 12.7

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q10B] How healthy do you feel nowadays? Do you feel...

Question

How healthy do you feel nowadays? Do you feel...

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Very healthy 1 504 24.5 24.5Fairly healthy 2 1156 56.2 56.2Not very healthy 3 292 14.2 14.2Not at all healthy 4 88 4.3 4.3Can’t/Don’t want to say 5 16 0.8 0.8

2056 100.0 100.0

76

Q11_3

[Q11_1] How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your ownviews of the country: Good neighbour and cooperation partner

Question

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Goodneighbour and cooperation partner

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Very well 1 88 4.3 4.3Fairly well 2 645 31.4 31.4Difficult to say 3 515 25.0 25.0Not very well 4 706 34.3 34.3Not at all 5 102 5.0 5.0

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q11_2] How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your ownviews of the country: Major military threat

Question

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Majormilitary threat

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q11_3] How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your ownviews of the country: Developing democracy

Question

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Devel-oping democracy

77

2. Variables

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q11_4] How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your ownviews of the country: Dictatorship with a strong central control

Question

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Dicta-torship with a strong central control

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q11_5] How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your ownviews of the country: Unstable and unpredictable

Question

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Unstableand unpredictable

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Very well 1 765 37.2 37.2Fairly well 2 935 45.5 45.5


78

Q11_7


label value n % v. %Difficult to say 3 217 10.6 10.6Not very well 4 113 5.5 5.5Not at all 5 26 1.3 1.3

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q11_6] How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your ownviews of the country: Important business partner

Question

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Impor-tant business partner

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q11_7] How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your ownviews of the country: Unreliable contracting party

Question

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Unreli-able contracting party

Frequencies



79

2. Variables


label value n % v. %2056 100.0 100.0

[Q11_8] How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your ownviews of the country: Russian citizens are pleasant people

Question

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Russiancitizens are pleasant people

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q11_9] How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your ownviews of the country: Developing quickly and becoming rapidly more afflu-ent

Question

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Devel-oping quickly and becoming rapidly more affluent

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

80

Q12A

[Q11_10] How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your ownviews of the country: Unequal, wide income and welfare disparity

Question

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Unequal,wide income and welfare disparity

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q11_11] How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your ownviews of the country: Part of the European cultural sphere

Question

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Part ofthe European cultural sphere

Frequencies


2056 100.0 100.0

[Q12A] What is your attitude towards Finland’s EU membership at present?

Question

What is your attitude towards Finland’s EU membership at present?

Frequencies

81

2. Variables

label value n % v. %Very positive 1 326 15.9 15.9Fairly positive 2 529 25.7 25.7Neutral 3 595 28.9 28.9Fairly negative 4 392 19.1 19.1Very negative 5 183 8.9 8.9Can’t say 6 31 1.5 1.5

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q12B] And what is your attitude towards the fact that our currency waschanged from the Finnish mark to euro?

Question

And what is your attitude towards the fact that our currency was changed from the Finnish markto euro?

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Very positive 1 499 24.3 24.3Fairly positive 2 477 23.2 23.2Neutral 3 477 23.2 23.2Fairly negative 4 303 14.7 14.7Very negative 5 257 12.5 12.5Can’t say 6 43 2.1 2.1

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q12C] Do you think that the euro and EMU membership are an advantageor disadvantage to Finland in the current economic situation?

Question

Do you think that the euro and EMU membership are an advantage or disadvantage to Finlandin the current economic situation?

Frequencies

label value n % v. %A great advantage 1 220 10.7 10.7An advantage to some extent 2 563 27.4 27.4Neither an advantage nor disadvantage 3 284 13.8 13.8


82

PSVUOSI


label value n % v. %A disadvantage to some extent 4 449 21.8 21.8A great disadvantage 5 255 12.4 12.4Can’t say 6 285 13.9 13.9

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q12D] If the referendum on Finland’s EU membership was held now,would you be in favour of the membership or against it?

Question

If the referendum on Finland’s EU membership was held now, would you be in favour of themembership or against it?

Frequencies

label value n % v. %In favour 1 970 47.2 47.2Can’t say 2 364 17.7 17.7Against 3 722 35.1 35.1

2056 100.0 100.0

[PSUKUP] The respondent’s gender

Question

The respondent’s gender

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Male 1 1193 58.0 58.0Female 2 863 42.0 42.0

2056 100.0 100.0

[PSVUOSI] The respondent’s year of birth

Question

The respondent’s year of birth

83

2. Variables



[PMAAK] The respondent’s region of residence (NUTS3)

Question

The respondent’s region of residence (NUTS3)

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Uusimaa 1 670 32.6 32.6Finland proper (Varsinais-Suomi) 2 200 9.7 9.7Eastern Uusimaa (Itä-Uusimaa) 3 0 0.0 0.0Satakunta 4 84 4.1 4.1Tavastia proper (Kanta-Häme) 5 82 4.0 4.0Pirkanmaa 6 212 10.3 10.3Päijänne Tavastia (Päijät-Häme) 7 72 3.5 3.5Kymenlaakso 8 55 2.7 2.7South Karelia (Etelä-Karjala) 9 53 2.6 2.6Southern Savonia (Etelä-Savo) 10 46 2.2 2.2Northern Savonia (Pohjois-Savo) 11 90 4.4 4.4North Karelia (Pohjois-Karjala) 12 56 2.7 2.7Central Finland (Keski-Suomi) 13 115 5.6 5.6Southern Ostrobothnia (Etelä-Pohjanmaa) 14 66 3.2 3.2Ostrobothnia (Pohjanmaa) 15 28 1.4 1.4Central Ostrobothnia (Keski-Pohjanmaa) 16 28 1.4 1.4Northern Ostrobothnia (Pohjois-Pohjanmaa) 17 126 6.1 6.1Kainuu 18 26 1.3 1.3Lapland (Lappi) 19 47 2.3 2.3

2056 100.0 100.0

[T3] Number of inhabitants in the respondent’s municipality of residence

Question

Number of inhabitants in the respondent’s municipality of residence

84

T5

Frequencies

label value n % v. %4,000 inhabitants 1 74 3.6 3.64,000 - 8,000 inhabitants 2 149 7.2 7.28,001 - 30,000 inhabitants 3 463 22.5 22.530,001 - 80,000 inhabitants 4 429 20.9 20.9More than 80 000 inhabitants 5 941 45.8 45.8

2056 100.0 100.0

[T4] The respondent’s basic education

Question

The respondent’s basic education

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Primary education (pre-1972) 1 251 12.2 12.2Lower secondary school (pre-1972) or comprehensiveschool

2 874 42.5 42.5

Upper secondary education (general) 3 931 45.3 45.32056 100.0 100.0

[T5] The respondent’s vocational education

Question

The respondent’s vocational education

Frequencies

label value n % v. %No vocational education 1 244 11.9 11.9Vocational course, other short vocational training 2 204 9.9 9.9Upper secondary level vocational education 3 501 24.4 24.4College level vocational education 4 466 22.7 22.7Polytechnic/university of applied sciences degree 5 204 9.9 9.9University or other higher education 6 437 21.3 21.3

2056 100.0 100.0

85

2. Variables

[T6] The respondent’s economic activity and occupational status

Question

The respondent’s economic activity and occupational status

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Higher managerial employee 1 56 2.7 2.7Lower managerial/professional employee 2 218 10.6 10.6Intermediate level employee (clerical, technical, ad-ministrative)

3 229 11.1 11.1

Worker 4 479 23.3 23.3Entrepreneur, self-employed, own account worker 5 140 6.8 6.8Farmer, agricultural entrepreneur (including forestry,horticulture, fishing etc.)

6 37 1.8 1.8

Student 7 146 7.1 7.1Pensioner/retired 8 538 26.2 26.2Housewife/house husband, homemaker 9 20 1.0 1.0Unemployed 10 154 7.5 7.5Other 11 39 1.9 1.9

2056 100.0 100.0

[T7] The respondent’s current or most recent industry of employment

Question

The respondent’s current or most recent industry of employment

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Agriculture and forestry 1 88 4.3 4.3Industry and manufacturing 2 472 23.0 23.0Private services 3 755 36.7 36.7Public services 4 701 34.1 34.1Not in employment 5 40 1.9 1.9

2056 100.0 100.0

86

T14A

[T8] If parliamentary elections were held now, which political party orgroup would you vote for?

Question

If parliamentary elections were held now, which political party or group would you vote for?

Frequencies

label value n % v. %National Coalition Party (KOK) 1 262 12.7 12.7Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) 2 223 10.8 10.8Finns Party (PS) 3 281 13.7 13.7Centre Party of Finland (KESK) 4 337 16.4 16.4Left Alliance (VAS) 5 161 7.8 7.8Green League (VIHR) 6 165 8.0 8.0Swedish People’s Party in Finland (RKP) 7 36 1.8 1.8Christian Democrats (KD) 8 32 1.6 1.6Other party or group 9 34 1.7 1.7I would not vote at all 10 117 5.7 5.7Can’t say 11 344 16.7 16.7Don’t want to say 12 64 3.1 3.1

2056 100.0 100.0

[T14] Are you a member of a federation of trade unions/professional or-ganisations?

Question

Are you a member of a federation of trade unions/professional organisations?

Frequencies

label value n % v. %No 1 1039 50.5 50.5Yes 2 1017 49.5 49.5

2056 100.0 100.0

[T14A] Which federation of trade unions/professional organisations areyou a member of?

Question

Which federation of trade unions/professional organisations are you a member of?

87

2. Variables

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions (SAK) 1 336 16.3 33.0Finnish Confederation of Professionals (STTK) 2 157 7.6 15.4Confederation of Unions for Academic Professionals(Akava)

3 307 14.9 30.2

Central Union of Agricultural Producers and ForestOwners (MTK)

4 32 1.6 3.1

Don’t know 5 185 9.0 18.2System missing (SYSMIS) . 1039 50.5 –

2056 100.0 100.0

[Q15] Which social class do you feel you primarily belong to?

Question

Which social class do you feel you primarily belong to?

Frequencies

label value n % v. %Working class 1 470 22.9 22.9Lower middle class 2 273 13.3 13.3Middle class 3 708 34.4 34.4Upper middle class 4 225 10.9 10.9Upper class 5 21 1.0 1.0Do not consider myself as belonging to any class 6 359 17.5 17.5

2056 100.0 100.0

[PAINO] Weight variable

Question

Weight variable


statistic valuenumber of valid cases 2056minimum 0.28maximum 29.77


88

PAINO


statistic valuemean 1.80standard deviation 2.02

89

Chapter 3

Indexes

3.1 Variables in the order of occurrence

FSD study number [FSD_NO] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

FSD edition number [FSD_VR] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

FSD case id [FSD_ID] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

No party promotes issues that are important to me [Q1_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Finland has gone too far into globalisation; from now on we should return our focus to nationaleconomy and politics [Q1_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Finland’s ageing and diminishing population means that Finland needs to make immigrationeasier [Q1_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Climate change is the biggest environmental threat of our time. In order to prevent it, everycountry must take immediate and effective measures [Q1_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Replacing people with machines and automation will cause permanent mass unemployment[Q1_5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

If Finns had a more positive attitude to entrepreneurship, the whole society would benefit[Q1_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Politicians and political parties should inform citizens much more clearly than they do now ofthe kind of policies they would adopt after being elected [Q1_7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

I would be willing to accept a lower wage, if working hours were shortened and I had moreleisure time [Q1_8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Economic growth is the only way to continuous well-being [Q1_9] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

In Finland, the interests of employees and employers are largely convergent [Q1_10] . . . . . . 10

Finland has to take quick measures to reduce its rapidly growing national debt, whatever cuts inbenefits and welfare it may require [Q1_11] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

High income tax reduces my willingness to work [Q1_12] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Finland should increasingly manage its relationship with Russia through the EU, not directly[Q1_13] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

91

3. Indexes

Income disparity between different population groups has grown too large in our country [Q1_14]12

It is likely that I will have to learn a new trade in the near future due to structural change [Q1_15]12

Alcohol problems are glossed over and downplayed at Finnish workplaces and generally insociety [Q1_16] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Finland needs strong leaders who can restore order, discipline and respect for proper values[Q1_17] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Interest groups have too much influence on Finland’s political decision making [Q1_18] . . . 13

It doesn’t make a difference which parties form the government after the next parliamentaryelections, the present policy is not going to change [Q1_19] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Finland should participate in international tax competition more, and lower income, corporationand capital taxes considerably [Q1_20] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

It would be good if the party system in Finland developed towards a two-party system (a sys-tem of two leading parties, for example, a ’bourgeois’/conservative party and a ’leftist’ party)[Q1_21] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

It is fair that the foreign top experts persuaded to move to Finland pay a lower income tax thanordinary Finnish citizens [Q1_22] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Even though comprehensive social security and public services are costly, Finnish welfare stateis always good value for money [Q1_23] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

If taxes were lowered, I would be willing to give up some of the services I receive from the stateand municipalities [Q1_24] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Personally, I would be glad to pay more taxes than I do at the moment [Q1_25] . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Instead of constantly raising taxes, the efficiency of the public sector should be improved[Q1_26] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Being an entrepreneur in Finland entails so high payments and risks that ’only a madman’ wouldwant to become an entrepreneur in favour of a steady paid job [Q1_27] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

A model based on freedom of choice should be adopted in public primary health care, wherecitizens can choose their place of treatment out of municipal health centres and private healthcare units [Q1_28] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

In the current financial situation, introducing tax cuts would display a lack of solidarity becausethey would mainly benefit people with average and high income [Q1_29] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Unless the organisation and activities of the trade union movement are rebuilt on a totally newbasis, it will not be able to promote the interests of its members in the future [Q1_30] . . . . . 19

I would be willing to take any job going rather than be unemployed [Q1_31] . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Even if taxation in Finland were to increase somewhat from its current level, it would not causesignificant harm to the economy and investments [Q1_32] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Recent events in the Middle East (e.g. ISIS) have increased the threat of terrorism also in Finland[Q1_33] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Even though Russia has its own problems, Finns have no reason to take a negative attitude to

92

3.1. Variables in the order of occurrence

this big neighbour [Q1_34] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Finland has a responsibility to participate in international crisis management operations all overthe world [Q1_35] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

I am interested in politics and follow it actively [Q1_36] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

What is essential in public services is their availability to all citizens, not who provides them[Q1_37] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

I am so attached to my own region of residence that I would not move anywhere else even toget a job [Q1_38] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Increased threat of Russia has already led to a growth in ’Finlandisation’ [Q1_39] . . . . . . . . . 22

It is good that right-wing and left-wing parties can be in the same government in Finland[Q1_40] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

It is fair that top professionals are significantly better paid than others, even if it increasesincome inequality [Q1_41] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Basic income or the so-called citizen’s income is a bad idea, because ’free’ money eliminatespeople’s willingness to work [Q1_42] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

It would be fair if people who take good care of their health were provided incentives, such astax deductions [Q1_43] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Finland should join NATO [Q1_44] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

The crisis in Ukraine and Russia’s increased military operations have made my attitude towardsFinland’s potential NATO membership more positive than before [Q1_45] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Taxation should be lowered so that highly skilled people and owners / big shareholders wouldnot move away from Finland [Q1_46] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

In the future, Finland’s pension systems will collapse and the payment of even ’already earned’pensions will become impossible [Q1_47] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Limiting the availability or advertising of alcohol will not fix the alcohol problems in Finland[Q1_48] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Improvingemployment/reducing unemployment [Q2_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Preventingthe growth of national debt [Q2_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Loweringtaxes [Q2_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Improvingthe level of social security benefits [Q2_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: PromotingFinland’s NATO membership [Q2_5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Increasingfreedom of choice in health care [Q2_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Increasing

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the funding of education [Q2_7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Stricter envi-ronmental laws [Q2_8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Increasinglabour market flexibility [Q2_9] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Reducing theproblems of growth centres [Q2_10] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Reducing theproblems of rural and remote areas [Q2_11] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Preventingcrime [Q2_12] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Promotingimmigration [Q2_13] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Promotingeconomic competition [Q2_14] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: EU issues,taking a more active role in developing the Union [Q2_15] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Foreignrelations, being active in foreign policy issues [Q2_16] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Developmentcooperation, helping developing countries [Q2_17] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Advancingeconomic growth [Q2_18] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Cutting publicspending [Q2_19] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Skilled in eco-nomics, creator of new jobs and growth [Q3A_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Unites the nation,builds peace [Q3A_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Patriotic, hasalways Finland’s best interest in mind [Q3A_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Trustworthyleader, does not falter in difficult situations [Q3A_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Skilled in foreignand security policy [Q3A_5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Independent ofinterest groups and ’cliques’ [Q3A_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Able to representFinland, even by international standards [Q3A_7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Understands the

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everyday life of ordinary Finns [Q3A_8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Fair and just,able to see all the different sides of an issue [Q3A_9] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Stands up forthe weak and oppressed [Q3A_10] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Skilled in eco-nomics, creator of new jobs and growth [Q3B_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Unites the nation,builds peace [Q3B_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Patriotic, hasalways Finland’s best interest in mind [Q3B_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Trustworthyleader, does not falter in difficult situations [Q3B_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Skilled in foreignand security policy [Q3B_5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Independent ofinterest groups and ’cliques’ [Q3B_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Able to representFinland, even by international standards [Q3B_7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Understands theeveryday life of ordinary Finns [Q3B_8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Fair and just, ableto see all the different sides of an issue [Q3B_9] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Stands up for theweak and oppressed [Q3B_10] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Skilled in eco-nomics, creator of new jobs and growth [Q3C_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Unites the nation,builds peace [Q3C_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Patriotic, hasalways Finland’s best interest in mind [Q3C_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Trustworthyleader, does not falter in difficult situations [Q3C_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Skilled in foreignand security policy [Q3C_5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Independent ofinterest groups and ’cliques’ [Q3C_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Able to representFinland, even by international standards [Q3C_7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Understands the

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everyday life of ordinary Finns [Q3C_8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Fair and just,able to see all the different sides of an issue [Q3C_9] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Stands up for theweak and oppressed [Q3C_10] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Skilled ineconomics, creator of new jobs and growth [Q3D_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Unites thenation, builds peace [Q3D_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Patriotic,has always Finland’s best interest in mind [Q3D_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Trustworthyleader, does not falter in difficult situations [Q3D_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Skilled inforeign and security policy [Q3D_5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Independentof interest groups and ’cliques’ [Q3D_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Able torepresent Finland, even by international standards [Q3D_7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Understandsthe everyday life of ordinary Finns [Q3D_8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Fair andjust, able to see all the different sides of an issue [Q3D_9] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Stands upfor the weak and oppressed [Q3D_10] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Decision-makers aretoo inexperienced [Q4_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Politicians are guidedtoo much by self-interest [Q4_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: There are too manypolitical parties with diverging goals in Finland [Q4_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Politicians are afraidof polls, of being judged by the people [Q4_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Decision-makershave become alienated from the everyday life of Finns [Q4_5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Politicians are afraidof media reaction and negative publicity [Q4_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Decision-making hasshifted too much to the EU [Q4_7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: The position of the

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Prime Minister is too weak [Q4_8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Politicians attemptto secure populist ’quick wins’ [Q4_9] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: The role of bureau-cracy is too strong [Q4_10] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Taxation in Finland is too severe [Q5_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Stricter income taxation of high income earners (progressive taxation) is fair nowadays [Q5_2]59

Differences in financial circumstances between population groups are evened out too muchthrough taxation [Q5_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Labour taxation should be lowered and the tax burden on consumption increased [Q5_4] . . 59

Tax cuts would increase tax revenue, as economic activity would increase [Q5_5] . . . . . . . . . 60

Taxation should not be lowered if it leads to the weakening of social security and public services[Q5_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

I feel my taxes are unfairly high [Q5_7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Earned income (wages and pen-sions) taxes should be... [Q6_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Corporate income taxes shouldbe... [Q6_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Capital income (investment in-come) taxes should be... [Q6_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Inheritance and gift taxes shouldbe... [Q6_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Immovable property (real estate)taxes should be... [Q6_5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Energy taxes and excise dutieson fuels should be... [Q6_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Excise duties on alcoholic bev-erages should be... [Q6_7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Consumption taxes (value-addedtax, VAT) should be... [Q6_8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? VAT on food should be... [Q6_9]64

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Total tax rate, that is, collectedtotal tax revenues, should be... [Q6_10] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over thenext few years: Terms and conditions of employment will be agreed locally/at company level[Q7_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over the

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next few years: Casual work and project-length contracts will increase [Q7_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over the nextfew years: An increasing number of people will become entrepreneurs/self-employed instead ofbeing employees [Q7_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over thenext few years: People will learn to accept insecure jobs [Q7_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over thenext few years: There will be better possibilities to choose what one’s duties at work are [Q7_5]67

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over thenext few years: Ageing people will carry on working to a significantly higher age than they donowadays [Q7_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Increasing weekly working hours [Q8_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Making it more difficult to take early retirement or get disability pension [Q8_2] . . . . . . . . . . 69

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Raising old-age pension age to make people work longer [Q8_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Reducing the duration of full-time education to make young people graduate sooner, increasingworking careers from the beginning [Q8_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Providing new financial incentives for older people willing to work longer [Q8_5] . . . . . . . . 70

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Increasing annual working hours by shortening annual leave entitlement [Q8_6] . . . . . . . . . . 71

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Increasing the working age population by promoting immigration to Finland [Q8_7] . . . . . . 71

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Making it more difficult to get unemployment benefits [Q8_8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Wait-ing time to get a doctor’s appointment in municipal health centres [Q9_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Pre-vention of health problems, early intervention [Q9_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Equal-ity between citizens in health care [Q9_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Wait-ing times for surgery and other kinds of secondary care [Q9_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Re-habilitation therapy after treatment [Q9_5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Payingattention to customers’ concerns and opinions [Q9_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

98


In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Free-dom of choice, possibility for citizens to choose where and by whom they are to be treated[Q9_7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Ser-vices are located close enough [Q9_8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Which health services do you primarily use? Do you use... [Q10A] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

How healthy do you feel nowadays? Do you feel... [Q10B] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Goodneighbour and cooperation partner [Q11_1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Majormilitary threat [Q11_2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Devel-oping democracy [Q11_3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Dicta-torship with a strong central control [Q11_4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Unstableand unpredictable [Q11_5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Impor-tant business partner [Q11_6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Unreli-able contracting party [Q11_7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Russiancitizens are pleasant people [Q11_8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Devel-oping quickly and becoming rapidly more affluent [Q11_9] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Unequal,wide income and welfare disparity [Q11_10] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Part ofthe European cultural sphere [Q11_11] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

What is your attitude towards Finland’s EU membership at present? [Q12A] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

And what is your attitude towards the fact that our currency was changed from the Finnish markto euro? [Q12B] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Do you think that the euro and EMU membership are an advantage or disadvantage to Finlandin the current economic situation? [Q12C] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

If the referendum on Finland’s EU membership was held now, would you be in favour of themembership or against it? [Q12D] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

The respondent’s gender [PSUKUP] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

The respondent’s year of birth [PSVUOSI] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

The respondent’s region of residence (NUTS3) [PMAAK] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

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3. Indexes

Number of inhabitants in the respondent’s municipality of residence [T3] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

The respondent’s basic education [T4] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

The respondent’s vocational education [T5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

The respondent’s economic activity and occupational status [T6] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

The respondent’s current or most recent industry of employment [T7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

If parliamentary elections were held now, which political party or group would you vote for?[T8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Are you a member of a federation of trade unions/professional organisations? [T14] . . . . . . . 87

Which federation of trade unions/professional organisations are you a member of? [T14A] . 87

Which social class do you feel you primarily belong to? [Q15] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Weight variable [PAINO] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

100

3.2. Variables in alphabetical order

3.2 Variables in alphabetical order

A model based on freedom of choice should be adopted in public primary health care, wherecitizens can choose their place of treatment out of municipal health centres and private healthcare units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Alcohol problems are glossed over and downplayed at Finnish workplaces and generally insociety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

And what is your attitude towards the fact that our currency was changed from the Finnish markto euro? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Are you a member of a federation of trade unions/professional organisations? . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Basic income or the so-called citizen’s income is a bad idea, because ’free’ money eliminatespeople’s willingness to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Being an entrepreneur in Finland entails so high payments and risks that ’only a madman’ wouldwant to become an entrepreneur in favour of a steady paid job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Climate change is the biggest environmental threat of our time. In order to prevent it, everycountry must take immediate and effective measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Differences in financial circumstances between population groups are evened out too muchthrough taxation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Do you think that the euro and EMU membership are an advantage or disadvantage to Finlandin the current economic situation? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Economic growth is the only way to continuous well-being . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Even if taxation in Finland were to increase somewhat from its current level, it would not causesignificant harm to the economy and investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Even though comprehensive social security and public services are costly, Finnish welfare stateis always good value for money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Even though Russia has its own problems, Finns have no reason to take a negative attitude tothis big neighbour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Finland has a responsibility to participate in international crisis management operations all overthe world . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Finland has gone too far into globalisation; from now on we should return our focus to nationaleconomy and politics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Finland has to take quick measures to reduce its rapidly growing national debt, whatever cuts inbenefits and welfare it may require . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Finland needs strong leaders who can restore order, discipline and respect for proper values 13

Finland should increasingly manage its relationship with Russia through the EU, not directly 11

Finland should join NATO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Finland should participate in international tax competition more, and lower income, corporationand capital taxes considerably . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Finland’s ageing and diminishing population means that Finland needs to make immigrationeasier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

101

3. Indexes

FSD case id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

FSD edition number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

FSD study number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

High income tax reduces my willingness to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Devel-oping democracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Devel-oping quickly and becoming rapidly more affluent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Dicta-torship with a strong central control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Goodneighbour and cooperation partner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Impor-tant business partner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Majormilitary threat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Part ofthe European cultural sphere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Russiancitizens are pleasant people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Unequal,wide income and welfare disparity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Unreli-able contracting party . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

How does this characterisation of Russia coincide with your own views of the country: Unstableand unpredictable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Increasing annual working hours by shortening annual leave entitlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Increasing the working age population by promoting immigration to Finland . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Increasing weekly working hours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Making it more difficult to get unemployment benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Making it more difficult to take early retirement or get disability pension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Providing new financial incentives for older people willing to work longer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:

102


Raising old-age pension age to make people work longer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

How good or bad a way do you consider the following to be to make Finns work more/longer:Reducing the duration of full-time education to make young people graduate sooner, increasingworking careers from the beginning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

How healthy do you feel nowadays? Do you feel... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over thenext few years: Ageing people will carry on working to a significantly higher age than they donowadays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over the nextfew years: An increasing number of people will become entrepreneurs/self-employed instead ofbeing employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over thenext few years: Casual work and project-length contracts will increase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over thenext few years: People will learn to accept insecure jobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over thenext few years: Terms and conditions of employment will be agreed locally/at company level65

How likely do you consider the following developments in the Finnish working life over thenext few years: There will be better possibilities to choose what one’s duties at work are . . . 67

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Able torepresent Finland, even by international standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Fair andjust, able to see all the different sides of an issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Independentof interest groups and ’cliques’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Patriotic,has always Finland’s best interest in mind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Skilled ineconomics, creator of new jobs and growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Skilled inforeign and security policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Stands upfor the weak and oppressed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Trustworthyleader, does not falter in difficult situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Understandsthe everyday life of ordinary Finns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Alexander Stubb: Unites thenation, builds peace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

103

3. Indexes

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Able to representFinland, even by international standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Fair and just,able to see all the different sides of an issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Independent ofinterest groups and ’cliques’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Patriotic, hasalways Finland’s best interest in mind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Skilled in eco-nomics, creator of new jobs and growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Skilled in foreignand security policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Stands up forthe weak and oppressed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Trustworthyleader, does not falter in difficult situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Understands theeveryday life of ordinary Finns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Antti Rinne: Unites the nation,builds peace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Able to representFinland, even by international standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Fair and just, ableto see all the different sides of an issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Independent ofinterest groups and ’cliques’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Patriotic, hasalways Finland’s best interest in mind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Skilled in eco-nomics, creator of new jobs and growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Skilled in foreignand security policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Stands up for theweak and oppressed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Trustworthyleader, does not falter in difficult situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Understands theeveryday life of ordinary Finns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Juha Sipilä: Unites the nation,builds peace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

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How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Able to representFinland, even by international standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Fair and just,able to see all the different sides of an issue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Independent ofinterest groups and ’cliques’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Patriotic, hasalways Finland’s best interest in mind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Skilled in eco-nomics, creator of new jobs and growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Skilled in foreignand security policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Stands up for theweak and oppressed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Trustworthyleader, does not falter in difficult situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Understands theeveryday life of ordinary Finns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

How well do the following describe the Prime Minister candidate Timo Soini: Unites the nation,builds peace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

I am interested in politics and follow it actively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

I am so attached to my own region of residence that I would not move anywhere else even toget a job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

I feel my taxes are unfairly high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

I would be willing to accept a lower wage, if working hours were shortened and I had moreleisure time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

I would be willing to take any job going rather than be unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

If Finns had a more positive attitude to entrepreneurship, the whole society would benefit . . . 8

If parliamentary elections were held now, which political party or group would you vote for? 87

If taxes were lowered, I would be willing to give up some of the services I receive from the stateand municipalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

If the referendum on Finland’s EU membership was held now, would you be in favour of themembership or against it? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

In Finland, the interests of employees and employers are largely convergent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

In the current financial situation, introducing tax cuts would display a lack of solidarity becausethey would mainly benefit people with average and high income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

In the future, Finland’s pension systems will collapse and the payment of even ’already earned’pensions will become impossible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Equal-

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ity between citizens in health care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Free-dom of choice, possibility for citizens to choose where and by whom they are to be treated75

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Payingattention to customers’ concerns and opinions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Pre-vention of health problems, early intervention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Re-habilitation therapy after treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Ser-vices are located close enough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Wait-ing time to get a doctor’s appointment in municipal health centres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

In your opinion, how well or poorly does health care function nowadays in the following: Wait-ing times for surgery and other kinds of secondary care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Income disparity between different population groups has grown too large in our country . . 12

Increased threat of Russia has already led to a growth in ’Finlandisation’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Instead of constantly raising taxes, the efficiency of the public sector should be improved . . 17

Interest groups have too much influence on Finland’s political decision making . . . . . . . . . . . 13

It doesn’t make a difference which parties form the government after the next parliamentaryelections, the present policy is not going to change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

It is fair that the foreign top experts persuaded to move to Finland pay a lower income tax thanordinary Finnish citizens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

It is fair that top professionals are significantly better paid than others, even if it increasesincome inequality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

It is good that right-wing and left-wing parties can be in the same government in Finland . . 23

It is likely that I will have to learn a new trade in the near future due to structural change . . .12

It would be fair if people who take good care of their health were provided incentives, such astax deductions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

It would be good if the party system in Finland developed towards a two-party system (a systemof two leading parties, for example, a ’bourgeois’/conservative party and a ’leftist’ party) . . 15

Labour taxation should be lowered and the tax burden on consumption increased . . . . . . . . . .59

Limiting the availability or advertising of alcohol will not fix the alcohol problems in Finland26

No party promotes issues that are important to me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Number of inhabitants in the respondent’s municipality of residence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Personally, I would be glad to pay more taxes than I do at the moment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

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Politicians and political parties should inform citizens much more clearly than they do now ofthe kind of policies they would adopt after being elected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Recent events in the Middle East (e.g. ISIS) have increased the threat of terrorism also in Finland20

Replacing people with machines and automation will cause permanent mass unemployment .8

Stricter income taxation of high income earners (progressive taxation) is fair nowadays . . . . 59

Tax cuts would increase tax revenue, as economic activity would increase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Taxation in Finland is too severe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Taxation should be lowered so that highly skilled people and owners / big shareholders wouldnot move away from Finland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Taxation should not be lowered if it leads to the weakening of social security and public services60

The crisis in Ukraine and Russia’s increased military operations have made my attitude towardsFinland’s potential NATO membership more positive than before . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

The respondent’s basic education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

The respondent’s current or most recent industry of employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

The respondent’s economic activity and occupational status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

The respondent’s gender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

The respondent’s region of residence (NUTS3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

The respondent’s vocational education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

The respondent’s year of birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Decision-makers aretoo inexperienced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Decision-makershave become alienated from the everyday life of Finns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Decision-making hasshifted too much to the EU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Politicians are afraidof media reaction and negative publicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Politicians are afraidof polls, of being judged by the people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Politicians are guidedtoo much by self-interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: Politicians attemptto secure populist ’quick wins’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: The position of thePrime Minister is too weak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: The role of bureau-

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cracy is too strong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

To what extent is the so-called lack of leadership caused by the following: There are too manypolitical parties with diverging goals in Finland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Unless the organisation and activities of the trade union movement are rebuilt on a totally newbasis, it will not be able to promote the interests of its members in the future . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Weight variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88

What is essential in public services is their availability to all citizens, not who provides them 22

What is your attitude towards Finland’s EU membership at present? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Which federation of trade unions/professional organisations are you a member of? . . . . . . . . 87

Which health services do you primarily use? Do you use... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Advancingeconomic growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Cutting publicspending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Developmentcooperation, helping developing countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: EU issues,taking a more active role in developing the Union . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Foreignrelations, being active in foreign policy issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Improvingemployment/reducing unemployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Improvingthe level of social security benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Increasingfreedom of choice in health care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Increasinglabour market flexibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Increasingthe funding of education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Loweringtaxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Preventingcrime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Preventingthe growth of national debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Promotingeconomic competition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Promoting

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Finland’s NATO membership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Promotingimmigration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Reducing theproblems of growth centres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Reducing theproblems of rural and remote areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Which issues do you think the future government should emphasise in its actions: Stricter envi-ronmental laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Which social class do you feel you primarily belong to? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Capital income (investment in-come) taxes should be... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Consumption taxes (value-addedtax, VAT) should be... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Corporate income taxes shouldbe... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Earned income (wages and pen-sions) taxes should be... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Energy taxes and excise dutieson fuels should be... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Excise duties on alcoholic bev-erages should be... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Immovable property (real estate)taxes should be... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Inheritance and gift taxes shouldbe... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? Total tax rate, that is, collectedtotal tax revenues, should be... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Would you want to change Finland’s present taxation system? VAT on food should be... . . . 64

109

Appendix A

Questionnaire in Finnish

111

KYSELYLOMAKE: FSD3001 EVAN KANSALLINEN ASENNETUTKIMUS 2015

QUESTIONNAIRE: FSD3001 EVA SURVEY ON FINNISH VALUES AND ATTITUDES 2015

Tämä kyselylomake on osa yllä mainittua Yhteiskuntatieteelliseen tietoarkistoon arkistoituatutkimusaineistoa.

Kyselylomaketta hyödyntävien tulee viitata siihen asianmukaisesti lähdeviitteellä.

Lisätiedot: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

This questionnaire forms a part of the above mentioned dataset, archived at the Finnish SocialScience Data Archive.

If the questionnaire is used or referred to in any way, the source must be acknowledged bymeans of an appropriate bibliographic citation.

More information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

Detta frågeformulär utgör en del av den ovannämda datamängden, arkiverad på Finlands sam-hällsvetenskapliga dataarkiv.

Om frågeformuläret är utnyttjat eller refererat till måste källan anges i form av bibliografiskreferens.

Mer information: http://www.fsd.uta.fi/

1.Jokseen-kin samaa

mieltä

Jokseen-kin erimieltä

Täysineri

mieltä

Täysinsamaamieltä

Mitä mieltä olette seuraavista väittämistä?

Mikään puolue ei aja juuri minulle tärkeitä asioita

Vai-kea

sanoa

Poliitikkojen ja puolueiden tulisi kertoa kansalle paljon nykyistä selkeämmin, millaista politiikkaa he harjoittaisivat tultuaan valituksi

Olisin valmis tinkimään palkastani, mikäli työaikaa lyhennettäisiin ja saisin enemmän vapaa-aikaa

Ihmisten hyvinvoinnin jatkuminen voi perustua vain taloudelliseen kasvuun

Korkea tulovero vähentää työhalujani

Suomen kannattaisi hoitaa Venäjä-suhteitaan enenevästi EUn kautta eikä kahdenvälisesti

Tuloerot väestöryhmien välillä ovat kasvaneet maassamme liian suuriksi

On todennäköistä että lähitulevaisuudessa joudun rakennemuutoksen vuoksi opettelemaan uuden ammatin

On samantekevää mitkä puolueet istuvat kevään eduskuntavaalien jälkeisessä hallituksessa, asiat/harjoitettava politiikka ei siitä muutu

Olisi hyvä, jos Suomen puoluekenttä kehittyisi kohti kaksipuoluejärjestelmää (kah-den johtavan puolueen järjestelmää, esim. 'porvaripuolue' ja 'vasemmistopuolue')

On oikein, että Suomeen houkutellut ulkomaalaiset huippuosaajat maksavat pienempää tuloveroa kuin tavalliset suomalaiset

Etujärjestöillä on maassamme aivan liian paljon vaikutusvaltaa poliittisessa päätöksenteossa

08 ........ 28 ........ 23 ........ 33 ........ 08

15 ........ 34 ........ 17 ........ 26 ........ 08

05 ........ 24 ........ 22 ........ 33 ........ 16

30 ........ 38 ........ 14 ........ 12 ........ 05

14 ........ 34 ........ 18 ........ 27 ........ 07

44 ........ 39 ........ 13 ........ 04 ........ 01

58 ........ 33 ........ 07 ........ 01 ........ 00

12 ........ 28 ........ 26 ........ 21 ........ 13

09 ........ 29 ........ 23 ........ 29 ........ 10

14 ........ 33 ........ 20 ........ 26 ........ 07

04 ........ 22 ........ 27 ........ 34 ........ 13

15 ........ 27 ........ 17 ........ 28 ........ 13

05 ........ 16 ........ 32 ........ 36 ........ 11

33 ........ 36 ........ 15 ........ 13 ........ 04

05 ........ 13 ........ 25 ........ 28 ........ 29

24 ........ 34 ........ 19 ........ 20 ........ 04

32 ........ 38 ........ 10 ........ 14 ........ 05

19 ........ 37 ........ 24 ........ 17 ........ 04

18 ........ 34 ........ 14 ........ 23 ........ 11

16 ........ 30 ........ 25 ........ 20 ........ 08

04 ........ 13 ........ 29 ........ 28 ........ 26

02 ........ 07 ........ 10 ........ 39 ........ 42

29 ........ 41 ........ 13 ........ 14 ........ 03

12 ........ 35 ........ 22 ........ 20 ........ 10

Kysymykset ja vastausten suorat jakaumat Arvo‐ ja asennetutkimus 2015 / EVA

Suomi on mennyt liian pitkälle mukaan globalisaatioon, jatkossa maamme pitäisi palata kohti kansallisempaa taloutta ja politiikkaa

Maamme väestön ikääntyminen ja uhkaava vähentyminen edellyttävät ulkomaalaisten Suomeen muuton helpottamista

Ilmastonmuutos on aikamme suurin ympäristöuhka, jonka torjumiseksi on nopeasti ryhdyttävä tehokkaisiin toimiin kaikissa maissa

Mikäli maassamme suhtauduttaisiin myönteisemmin yrittämiseen, siitä hyötyisi koko yhteiskunta

Työntekijöiden ja työnantajien edut ovat Suomessa nykyään pitkälti yhteneväiset

Maamme kaipaa vahvoja johtajia, jotka kykenevät palauttamaan yhteis-kuntaamme kurin ja järjestyksen sekä oikeiden arvojen kunnioituksen

Suomen pitäisi osallistua nykyistä voimakkaammin kansainväliseen verokil-pailuun ja alentaa niin palkka-, yritys- kuin pääomaverotustaankin tuntuvasti

Vaikka hyvän sosiaaliturvan ja muiden julkisten palvelujen ylläpitäminen maksaa paljon, suomalainen hyvinvointivaltio on aina hintansa arvoinen

Jos veroja alennettaisiin, olisin valmis luopumaan joistakin valtiolta ja kunnilta saamistani palveluista

Ihmistyön korvaaminen koneilla ja automaatiolla johtaa pysyvään suur-työttömyyteen

Maamme nopeasti kasvanut valtionvelka on pakko saada pikaisesti kuriin riippumatta siitä millaisia etujen etujen ja hyvinvoinnin leikkauksia siitä kansalaisille seuraa

Alkoholiongelmia hyssytellään suomalaisilla työpaikoilla ja laajemminkin yhteiskunnassa

Kysymystekstit on purettu tiedonkeruussa käytetystä sähköisestä lomakesivustosta (Ohjelmoitu lomake T13694, Taloustutkimus Oy). Sisältö on taitettu graafisesti tiiviimpään, kirjallisen kyselylomakkeen kaltaiseen muotoon. Vastausvaihtoehtojen numeeristen koodien tilalle on merkitty niiden saamat prosenttiosuudet.

Jokseen-kin samaa

mieltä

Jokseen-kin erimieltä

Täysineri

mieltä

Vai-kea

sanoa

Täysinsamaamieltä

(jatkuu...)

Maksaisin henkilökohtaisesti mielelläni nykyistä enemmän veroja

Veronalennukset olisivat epäsolidaarisia nykyisessä taloustilanteessa, koska niistä hyötyisivät pääasiassa keski- ja hyvätuloiset

Ellei ammattiyhdistysliikkeen organisaatiota ja toimintaa rakenneta kokonaan uudelle pohjalle, se ei kykene enää tulevaisuudessa ajamaan jäsentensä etuja

Vaikka verotus Suomessa kiristyisikin hieman nykytasoltaan, se ei aiheuttaisi merkittävää haittaa taloudelle ja investoinneille

Viimeaikaiset tapahtumat Lähi-idässä (mm. ISIS) ovat lisänneet terrorismin uhkaa Suomessakin

Suomella on velvollisuus osallistua kansainvälisiin kriisinhallintatehtäviin eri puolilla maailmaa

Olen kiinnostunut politiikasta ja seuraan sitä aktiivisesti

Olen kiinnittynyt omaan asuinseutuuni niin, etten edes työtä saadakseni muuttaisi mihinkään muualle

Kasvanut Venäjän uhka on jo johtanut maassamme lisääntyneeseen 'suomettumiseen'

On hyvä asia, että Suomessa porvarilliset puolueet ja vasemmistopuolueet mahtuvat istumaan samassa hallituksessa

Perustulo tai ns. kansalaispalkka on huono ajatus, sillä 'ilmainen' raha vie ihmisiltä työhalut

Suomen tulisi liittyä NATOon

Verotusta pitäisi alentaa, etteivät osaajat ja omistajat muuttaisi pois Suomesta

03 ........ 13 ........ 19 ........ 36 ........ 29

40 ........ 39 ........ 16 ........ 04 ........ 01

25 ........ 38 ........ 20 ........ 14 ........ 04

24 ........ 36 ........ 19 ........ 16 ........ 05

15 ........ 31 ........ 28 ........ 18 ........ 07

13 ........ 30 ........ 41 ........ 13 ........ 04

17 ........ 35 ........ 18 ........ 19 ........ 11

06 ........ 26 ........ 28 ........ 30 ........ 11

23 ........ 44 ........ 17 ........ 13 ........ 03

11 ........ 32 ........ 19 ........ 28 ........ 09

09 ........ 36 ........ 17 ........ 28 ........ 10

19 ........ 41 ........ 11 ........ 20 ........ 09

30 ........ 47 ........ 07 ........ 13 ........ 02

13 ........ 22 ........ 18 ........ 27 ........ 21

05 ........ 24 ........ 37 ........ 28 ........ 06

21 ........ 43 ........ 20 ........ 11 ........ 04

16 ........ 37 ........ 16 ........ 23 ........ 07

23 ........ 27 ........ 17 ........ 21 ........ 12

14 ........ 27 ........ 23 ........ 23 ........ 12

12 ........ 14 ........ 32 ........ 16 ........ 27

12 ........ 30 ........ 21 ........ 16 ........ 20

18 ........ 36 ........ 21 ........ 18 ........ 07

14 ........ 32 ........ 30 ........ 17 ........ 07

66 ........ 21 ........ 05 ........ 05 ........ 03Alkoholin saatavuuden tai mainonnan rajoittaminen ei korjaa Suomen alkoholiongelmia

Tulevaisuudessa maamme eläkejärjestelmät romahtavat eikä edes 'jo ansaittuja' eläkkeitä kyetä maksamaan

Vaikka Venäjällä on omat ongelmansa, suomalaisilla ei ole nykyisin mitään syytä suhtautua suureen naapuriinsa kielteisesti

Julkisessa perusterveydenhuollossa pitäisi siirtyä valinnanvapausmalliin, jossa kansalaiset voivat valita hoitopaikkansa vapaasti kunnallisista ter-veyskeskuksista tai yksityisistä lääkäriasemista

Yrittäjänä toimimiseen liittyy Suomessa niin suuria maksuja ja riskejä, että 'vain hullu' ryhtyy turvallisen palkkatyön sijasta yrittäjäksi

Verotuksen jatkuvan kiristämisen sijaan julkisen talouden toimintaa pitäisi tehostaa

On oikein, että huippuosaajille maksetaan työstään selvästi parempaa palkkaa, vaikka se kasvattaisikin tuloeroja

Olisi oikein, jos terveydestään hyvin huolehtivat saisivat kannustimia, esim. verovähennyksiä

Ukrainan kriisi ja Venäjän lisääntyneet sotilaalliset toimet ovat muutta-neet suhtautumistani maamme mahdolliseen Nato-jäsenyyteen aiempaa myönteisemmäksi

Olisin valmis ottamaan vastaan mitä tahansa työtä, jos vaihtoehtona olisi työttömyys

Olennaista julkisissa palveluissa ei ole se, kuka ne tuottaa, vaan se että ne ovat kaikkien saatavilla

Tulisi painottua nykyistä...

Kutennykyi-

sin

Hiemanvähem-

män

Enosaa

sanoa

Paljon enem-

män

Hiemanenem-män

Paljonvähem-

män

2.

Työllisyyden parantaminen, työttömyyden vähentäminen 65 ....... 27 ....... 06 ....... 00 ....... 00 01Valtion velkaantumisen pysäyttäminen 46 ....... 34 ....... 14 ....... 03 ....... 01 03

Verotuksen alentaminen 19 ....... 31 ....... 29 ....... 11 ....... 06 03Sosiaalietuuksien tason korottaminen 07 ....... 17 ....... 38 ....... 18 ....... 15 05

Maamme NATO-jäsenyyden edistäminen 10 ....... 13 ....... 29 ....... 12 ....... 28 08Valinnanvapauden lisääminen terveydenhuollossa 15 ....... 36 ....... 30 ....... 09 ....... 06 05

Koulutuksen rahoituksen lisääminen 13 ....... 37 ....... 38 ....... 06 ....... 02 04Ympäristösuojelusäädösten tiukentaminen 12 ....... 24 ....... 31 ....... 15 ....... 15 03Työmarkkinoiden joustavuuden lisääminen 22 ....... 40 ....... 24 ....... 05 ....... 03 05Kasvukeskusten ongelmien helpottaminen 08 ....... 32 ....... 41 ....... 09 ....... 03 07

Maaseudun ja syrjä-alueiden ongelmien helpottaminen 27 ....... 37 ....... 25 ....... 05 ....... 03 03Rikollisuuden torjunta 32 ....... 33 ....... 29 ....... 02 ....... 01 02

Maahanmuuton edistäminen 03 ....... 12 ....... 35 ....... 18 ....... 29 04Markkinaehtoisuuden ja kilpailun edistäminen 12 ....... 30 ....... 38 ....... 09 ....... 04 07

EU-asiat, aktiivisuus unionin kehittämisessä 06 ....... 23 ....... 43 ....... 14 ....... 09 05Ulkosuhteiden hoito, aktiivisuus ulkopolitiikassa 08 ....... 29 ....... 50 ....... 06 ....... 02 04

Kehitysyhteistyö, kehitysmaiden auttaminen 04 ....... 11 ....... 37 ....... 21 ....... 23 03Talouskasvun kiihdyttäminen 24 ....... 38 ....... 23 ....... 07 ....... 03 05

Julkisten menojen leikkaaminen 21 ....... 26 ....... 26 ....... 14 ....... 08 05

Erittäin hyvin

Melko hyvin

3.

Talouden osaaja, uusien työpaikkojen ja kasvun luoja 04 ........ 31 ........ 26 ........ 12 27Kansan eheyttäjä ja sovun rakentaja 02 ........ 26 ........ 31 ........ 12 29

Isänmaallinen, ajaa aina Suomen etua 04 ........ 40 ........ 18 ........ 08 31Luotettava johtaja, ei horju vaikeissakaan tilanteissa 02 ........ 24 ........ 28 ........ 12 34

Ulko- ja turvallisuuspolitiikan vahva osaaja 01 ........ 06 ........ 36 ........ 23 34Eri etupiireistä ja 'klikeistä' riippumaton 01 ........ 10 ........ 31 ........ 28 30

Edustava kansainvälistenkin mittojen mukaan 01 ........ 14 ........ 37 ........ 21 27Ymmärtää tavallisen suomalaisen arkea 09 ........ 40 ........ 17 ........ 08 26

Oikeudenmukainen, näkee asioiden eri puolet 05 ........ 33 ........ 22 ........ 09 32Puolustaa yhteiskunnan heikkoja ja sorrettuja 08 ........ 39 ........ 17 ........ 07 29

Kevään eduskuntavaalien jälkeen maahamme muodostetaan uusi hallitus. Miten seuraavien asioiden tulisi mie-lestänne painottua tulevan hallituksen toiminnassa verrattuna maassamme viime vuosina harjoitettuun politiik-kaan?

Suomen seuraava pääministeri tulee näillä näkymin olemaan Antti Rinne, Juha Sipilä, Timo Soini tai Alexander Stubb. Kuinka hyvin seuraavat kuvaukset tai ominaisuudet sopivat mielestänne kuvaamaan kutakin heistä?

Melko huonosti

Erittäin huonosti

En osaasanoa






Erittäin hyvin

Melko hyvin

Melko huonosti

Erittäin huonosti

En osaasanoab) JUHA SIPILÄ

(jatkuu...)

a) ANTTI RINNE

Erittäin hyvin

Melko hyvin

Melko huonosti

Erittäin huonosti

En osaasanoa

Talouden osaaja, uusien työpaikkojen ja kasvun luoja 03 ....... 23 ......... 40 ........ 16 17Kansan eheyttäjä ja sovun rakentaja 03 ........ 17 ........ 36 ........ 33 10





(jatkuu...)

Erittäin hyvin

Melko hyvin

Melko huonosti

Erittäin huonosti

En osaasanoa






d) ALEXANDER STUBB

c) TIMO SOINI

4. Suomen on viime aikoina sanottu kärsivän heikosta päätöksentekokyvystä. Missä määrin tämä niin sanottu johtajuusvaje nähdäksenne johtuu seuraavista tekijöistä?

Melko paljon

Melko vähän

Hyvin paljon

Vaikea sanoa

Vaikeasanoa

Samaamieltä

Erimieltä

5.

Päättäjät ovat liian kokemattomia 21 ........ 38 ........ 20 ........ 19 ........ 02Poliitikot tavoittelevat liiaksi omaa etuaan 45 ........ 37 ........ 11 ........ 07 ........ 00Suomen puoluekenttä on liian hajanainen 23 ........ 36 ........ 25 ........ 14 ........ 02

Poliitikot pelkäävät gallupeja, kansan tuomiota 36 ........ 41 ........ 15 ........ 07 ........ 01Päätöksentekijät ovat vieraantuneet suomalaisten arjesta 47 ........ 36 ........ 10 ........ 06 ........ 00

Poliitikot pelkäävät median reaktioita ja kielteistä julkisuutta 43 ........ 38 ........ 14 ........ 05 ........ 00Päätöksenteosta liian suuri osa on siirtynyt EUhun 27 ........ 33 ........ 19 ........ 18 ........ 03

Pääministerin asema on liian heikko 09 ........ 20 ........ 37 ........ 27 ........ 07Poliitikot hakevat populistisia pikavoittoja 36 ........ 42 ........ 17 ........ 04 ........ 01

Byrokratian asema on liian vahva 38 ........ 33 ........ 21 ........ 07 ........ 01

Verotus Suomessa on kaiken kaikkiaan liian ankaraa 56 ....... 17 ....... 27Suurituloisten kireämpi palkkaverotus (veroprogressio) on nykyisin oikeudenmukaista 56 ....... 23 ....... 21

Verotuksen kautta tasataan liian paljon väestöryhmien välisiä toimeentuloeroja 27 ....... 30 ....... 43Verotuksen painopistettä tulisi siirtää työn verottamisesta kuluttamisen verottamiseen 42 ....... 33 ....... 25

Veronalennukset lisäisivät verotuloja, kun taloudellinen toimeliaisuus kasvaisi 52 ....... 34 ....... 14Verotusta ei tule alentaa, jos se johtaa sosiaaliturvan ja julkisten palveluiden heikkenemiseen 54 ....... 23 ....... 23

Koen oman verotukseni epäoikeudenmukaisen korkeaksi 26 ....... 27 ....... 47

Kysymys verotuksesta ja sen muutostarpeista tulee olemaan yksi kevään eduskuntavaalien keskustelunaiheis-ta. Miten seuraavat veropoliittiset väitteet ja uudistusehdotukset vastaavat Teidän henkilökohtaista mielipidet-tänne?

Ei lain-kaan

Hiemankorot-

taa

Pitäänykyi-

sellään

Hiemanalen-taa

Tuntu-vasti

alentaa

Veroa tulisi...

Tuntu-vasti

korottaa

Enosaa

sanoa

6. Entä muuttaisitteko nykyistä verojärjestelmäämme jollakin tavoin seuraavien veromuotojen osalta?

Ansiotulojen (työ- ja eläketulojen) verotus 00 ....... 08 ....... 41 ....... 32 ....... 15 03Yhteisöverotus (yritysten tulovero) 03 ....... 18 ....... 39 ....... 25 ....... 06 09

Pääomatulojen verotus 18 ....... 36 ....... 26 ....... 11 ....... 04 06Perintö- ja lahjaverotus 03 ....... 10 ....... 28 ....... 27 ....... 29 03

Kiinteistöverotus 01 ....... 10 ....... 47 ....... 24 ....... 10 08Energia- ja polttoaineverotus 03 ....... 14 ....... 34 ....... 30 ....... 15 04

Alkoholiverotus 22 ....... 27 ....... 26 ....... 13 ....... 11 02Kulutuksen verotus yleensä (yleinen arvolisäverokanta) 02 ....... 19 ....... 42 ....... 25 ....... 09 04

Ruuan arvonlisäverotus 01 ....... 05 ....... 28 ....... 40 ....... 23 03Kokonaisveroaste eli kerättävät verot kokonaisuudessaan 00 ....... 19 ....... 38 ....... 29 ....... 07 08

7.

Hyvin toden-

näköistä

Ei kovin toden-

näköistä

Epä-toden-

näköistä

Melko toden-

näköistä

Enosaa

sanoa

Erittäinhyväkeino

Melkohyväkeino

Erittäinhuonokeino

Melkohuonokeino

8.

Kuinka todennäköisenä Te pidätte seuraavien työtä ja työelämää koskevien kehitysilmiöiden etenemistä maas-samme lähivuosien aikana?

Työehdoista aletaan sopia paikallisesti/yrityskohtaisesti 15 ........ 45 ........ 19 ........ 18 ........ 03Keikka- ja projektiluonteiset työsuhteet yleistyvät 35 ........ 58 ........ 05 ........ 01 ........ 00

Yrittäjyydestä tulee yhä useamman vaihtoehto palkkatyölle 14 ........ 44 ........ 22 ........ 17 ........ 04Ihmiset oppivat hyväksymään epävarmuuden työn jatkuvuudesta 17 ........ 46 ........ 17 ........ 15 ........ 04

Mahdollisuudet valita omat työtehtävät kasvavat 04 ........ 18 ........ 25 ........ 43 ........ 10Ikääntyneet jatkavat työelämässä merkittävästi nykyistä pidempään 16 ........ 43 ........ 14 ........ 20 ........ 07

Hyvinvointivaltion rahoituksen on sanottu edellyttävän, että Suomessa on jatkossa tehtävä nykyistä enemmän työtä. Jos oletetaan tämän olevan totta, kuinka hyvinä tai huonoina pidätte seuraavia keinoja kyseisen tavoitteen saavuttamiseksi?

Viikoittaisen työajan pidentäminen 04 ........ 20 ........ 38 ........ 34 04Varhais- tai työkyvyttömyyseläkkeelle pääsyn rajoittaminen 04 ........ 23 ........ 40 ........ 27 06

Vanhuuseläkeiän nostaminen työurien pidentämiseksi 05 ........ 24 ........ 39 ........ 27 04Nuorten opintojen vauhdittaminen, työurien pidentäminen alkupäästä 33 ........ 45 ........ 14 ........ 04 04

Uusien taloudellisten kannustimien tarjoaminen työuriaan jatkaville iäkkäille 22 ........ 50 ........ 15 ........ 07 05Vuosittaisen työajan pidentäminen lomia lyhentämällä 03 ........ 12 ........ 34 ........ 47 04

Työikäisen väestön lisääminen maahanmuuttoa edistämällä 07 ........ 27 ........ 23 ........ 33 09Työttömyyskorvausten saannin ehtojen tiukentaminen 16 ........ 29 ........ 27 ........ 21 07

Vai-kea

sanoa

9. Suomalainen sosiaali- ja terveydenhuolto on keskellä suuria muutoksia. Kuinka hyvin tai huonosti terveyden-huolto Teidän mielestänne nykyisin toimii seuraavien asioiden suhteen?

10a. 10b.Mitä terveyspalveluita käytätte ensisijaisesti? Käytättekö lähinnä…

Kuinka terveeksi koette itsenne nykyisin? Pidättekö itseänne…

Lääkäriin pääsyn nopeus kuntien terveyskeskuksissa 04 ........ 37 ........ 32 ........ 17 10Terveysongelmien ennaltaehkäisy, varhainen puuttuminen 02 ........ 18 ........ 46 ........ 24 10

Kansalaisten tasa-arvoisuus terveydenhuollossa 05 ........ 28 ........ 34 ........ 23 10Jonotusajat leikkauksiin ja muuhun erikoissairaanhoitoon 02 ........ 22 ........ 37 ........ 22 17Kuntoutus, toimintakyvyn palauttaminen hoitojen jälkeen 02 ........ 29 ........ 28 ........ 14 27

Asiakkaiden kuuntelu ja mielipiteiden huomioiminen palveluissa 02 ........ 26 ........ 40 ........ 18 14Valinnanvapaus, mahdollisuus itse valita hoitopaikka ja hoitava taho 03 ........ 27 ........ 40 ........ 16 15

Palvelut ovat riittävän lähellä 12 ........ 53 ........ 22 ........ 08 05

46 Kunnallisia terveyspalveluita 42 Työterveydenhuollon palveluita 12 Yksityisiä terveyspalveluita

29 Hyvin terveenä 55 Melko terveenä 12 En kovin terveenä 03 En lainkaan terveenä01 En osaa/halua sanoa

Vaikeasanoa

11. Kysymys Venäjästä, sen luonteesta ja merkityksestä maallemme on aina jakanut suomalaisten mielipiteitä. Miten seuraavat väitteet ja luonnehdinnat vastaavat sitä kuvaa, joka Teillä on nykyisestä Venäjästä?

Erittäin hyvin

Melko hyvin

Vastaa omaa näkemystä Venäjästä...

Hyvä naapuri ja yhteistyökumppani 03 ........ 32 ........ 27 ........ 33 ........ 05Merkittävä sotilaallinen uhka 14 ........ 36 ........ 26 ........ 19 ........ 04

Kehittyvä demokratia 01 ........ 05 ........ 19 ........ 53 ........ 22Keskusjohtoinen diktatuuri 42 ........ 40 ........ 12 ........ 05 ........ 01

Epävakaa ja arvaamaton 35 ........ 48 ........ 11 ........ 05 ........ 01Tärkeä kauppakumppani 38 ........ 49 ........ 09 ........ 03 ........ 01

Epäluotettava sopimuskumppani 13 ........ 34 ........ 36 ........ 15 ........ 02Kansalaiset ihmisinä miellyttäviä 15 ........ 39 ........ 27 ........ 15 ........ 04Nopeasti kehittyvä ja vaurastuva 01 ........ 13 ........ 32 ........ 47 ........ 07

Eriarvoinen, suuret tulo- ja hyvinvointierot 60 ........ 28 ........ 09 ........ 03 ........ 01Osa eurooppalaista kulttuuripiiriä 05 ........ 20 ........ 21 ........ 42 ........ 12

Melko huonosti

Ei lain-kaan

12a. 12b. Entä siihen, että rahayksikkömme vaihdettiin markasta euroksi?

15 Erittäin myönteisesti27 Melko myönteisesti29 Neutraalisti19 Melko kielteisesti08 Erittäin kielteisesti02 En osaa sanoa

24 Erittäin myönteisesti22 Melko myönteisesti25 Neutraalisti16 Melko kielteisesti10 Erittäin kielteisesti02 En osaa sanoa

Miten Te suhtaudutte nykyisin maamme EU-jäsenyyteen?

Erittäin hyvin

Melko hyvin

Melko huonosti

Erittäin huonosti

En osaasanoa

Sukupuoli1 Mies2 Nainen

Millainen peruskoulutus Teillä on?

1 Kansakoulu2 Keski- tai peruskoulu3 Ylioppilastutkinto

Millainen ammatillinen koulutus Teillä on?

TAUSTATIEDOT AINEISTON TILASTOLLISTA RYHMITTELYÄ VARTEN

1 Johtavassa asemassa toisen palv. 2 Ylempi toimihenkilö 3 Alempi toimihenkilö 4 Työntekijä 5 Yrittäjä tai yksityinen ammatinharj. 6 Maatalousyrittäjä 7 Opiskelija 8 Eläkeläinen 9 Kotiäiti/koti-isä10 Työtön11 Muu

Ikäryhmä1 18 - 25 vuotta2 26 - 35 vuotta3 36 - 45 vuotta4 46 - 55 vuotta5 56 - 65 vuotta6 Yli 65 vuotta

1 Ei ammatillista koulutusta2 Ammattikurssi, muu lyhyt ammattikoulutus3 Ammattikoulu, ammatillinen perustutkinto4 Opistotasoinen ammattikoulutus5 Ammattikorkeakoulututkinto6 Yliopisto- tai korkeakoulututkinto

Maakunta, jonka alueella asutte

Jos eduskuntavaalit pidettäisiin nyt, minkäpuolueen ehdokasta äänestäisitte?

1 KOK 2 SDP 3 Perussuomalaiset 4 KESK 5 Vasemmistoliitto 6 Vihreät 7 RKP 8 KD 9 Jokin muu puolue tai ryhmittymä10 En äänestäisi lainkaan11 En osaa sanoa12 En halua sanoa

Toimiala, jolla työskentelette tai viimeksityöskentelitte?

1 En kuulu2 Kyllä kuulun

1 SAK2 STTK3 Akava4 MTK

Kuulutteko johonkin ammatilliseen keskusjärjestöön?

Mihin ammatilliseen keskusjärjestöön kuulut-te? (voi jättää tyhjäksi)

1 Työväenluokkaan2 Alempaan keskiluokkaan3 Keskiluokkaan4 Ylempään keskiluokkaan5 Yläluokkaan6 En katso kuuluvani mihinkään luokkaan

Mihin yhteiskuntaluokkaan katsotte lähinnä kuuluvanne?

Asuinkunnan koko

1 Alle 4 000 asukasta2 4 000 - 8 000 asukasta3 8 000 - 30 000 asukasta4 30 000 - 80 000 asukasta5 Yli 80 000 asukasta

1 Uusimaa 2 Varsinais-Suomi 4 Satakunta 5 Häme 6 Pirkanmaa 7 Päijät-Häme 8 Kymenlaakso 9 Etelä-Karjala10 Etelä-Savo11 Pohjois-Savo12 Pohjois-Karjala13 Keski-Suomi14 Etelä-Pohjanmaa15 Pohjanmaa (Vaasan r.)16 Keski-Pohjanmaa17 Pohjois-Pohjanmaa18 Kainuu19 Lappi

Ammattiryhmä, johon katsotte tällähetkellä kuuluvanne

Jos kansanäänestys Suomen EU-jäsenyydes-tä järjestettäisiin nyt, äänestäisittekö jäse-nyyden puolesta vai sitä vastaan?

12c. 12d.

10 Paljon hyötyä28 Jonkin verran hyötyä14 Ei hyötyä eikä haittaa21 Jonkin verran haittaa12 Paljon haittaa16 En osaa sanoa

47 Puolesta19 En osaa sanoa34 Vastaan

Onko eurosta ja EMU-jäsenyydestä hyötyä vai haittaa Suomelle nykyisessä taloustilanteessa?

1 Maa- ja metsätalous2 Teollisuus ja rakennustoiminta3 Yksityiset palvelut4 Julkiset palvelut5 En ole ollut mukana työelämässä

Documents

FSD3001 EVA Survey on Finnish Values and Attitudes 2015 · EVA Survey on Finnish Values and Attitudes 2015 [codebook]. Finnish Social Science Data Archive [producer and distributor],