From “Shelter” to New SafeConfinement

7/31/2019 From Shelter to New SafeConfinement

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From Shelter to New Safe

Confinement

A. Gora

Deputy General Director for PersonnelManagement

SSE Chernobyl NPP, Ukraine


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ChNPPStrategicPlanningService2

CommissioningCommissioning

DevelopmentofestablishedChNPPcapacities:September26,1977

Unit1

wascommissioned

December21,1978

Unit2

wascommissionedDecember3,

1981

Unit3

wascommissioned

December21,1983 Unit4

wascommissioned

Turbine HallSight on

turbogenerators

TG-1,2


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ChNPPStrategicPlanningService3 3

Accident of Apr il 26, 1986Accident of Apr il 26, 1986

Accident at Chernobyl NPPUnit 4 occurred on April,26, 1986 at 01:23:40 a.m.(Moscow time)

It was possible to stopactive release of radioactivesubstances from destroyedreactor only in the end of

May, 1986


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Accident of Apr il 26, 1986Accident of Apr il 26, 1986

The rate of gamma-radiation dose

was up to 2,000 R/h

(20 Sv/h) and

mainly was determined by

radiation from reactor breakdown

itself, inside of which measurable

values of dose rate amounted to

50,000 R/h

(500 Sv/h).


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Creat ion of Shelt er Obj ectCreat ion of Shelt er Obj ect

Designing of protective sarcophagus(Shelter) commenced on May 20,

1986;

Construction lasted 206 days andnights from June to November 1986.


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New Safe Confinement Creation (NSC)New Safe Confinement Creation (NSC)

In 2012 it is planned to start production of steelconstructions of NSC Arch.

Milestones for NSC creation:

Foundations construction completion

May,

2013.

Main Arch construction assembly November, 2014. NSC Commissioning

October,

2015.



7

ChNPP Units shutdownChNPP Units shutdown

Chernobyl NPP Unit 3 was finally shutdown on December 15,

2000 at 13:17 according to the Decree of the President ofUkraine. Plant stopped power generation.



8

Before the accident Chernobyl NPP generated 150.2 billion kW/h .After the accident 158.6 billion kW/h.In total it was generated 308.8 billion kW/h.

Unit 1Unit 2Unit 3ShelterObject

1977 19961978 19911981 20001983 1986

Chernobyl NPP site from satellite

ChNPP Units shutdownChNPP Units shutdown



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STRESS-TESTSTRESS-TEST

In 2011 the Chernobyl NPP, the first among Ukrainian NPPs, performedthe targeted unscheduled safety assessment of ChNPP nuclear facilities

by its own forces taking into consideration the events at Fukushima 1 NPP

(stress-test).

The full-scale emergency trainings including personnel actions in case ofaccident and examination of the capabilities of emergency response units

were conducted.

Safety Improvement Plan for ChNPP facilities was developed:

control, collection and return system for ISF-1 leakages was created;

conditions enabling to connect a mobile diesel generator for ISF-1

consumers were created, tests were carried out;

it is planned to conduct psychological training of personnel aimed at

increasing resistance to psychological stress, development of endurance,

self-control, mutual supportiveness and interaction;

system of psychological selection and training of persons involved in

managing the accidents with severe consequences is being developed

(similar to system of operational personnel selection).



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Spent Nuclear Fuel Management (SNF)Spent Nuclear Fuel Management (SNF)

At the moment reactors of Units 1, 2 and 3 arecompletely released from nuclear fuel.

Fuel is only in cooling pools of Units 1 and 2.

To reduce risks during New Safe Confinementconstruction, spent nuclear fuel was transferred fromcooling pools of Unit 3 to Interim Spent Fuel StorageFacility (ISF-1).

In order to improve nuclear safety, it was proposed totransport SNF from Units 1 and 2 to ISF-1 for storage.

In November 2011, the State Nuclear RegulatoryInspectorate of Ukraine agreed the Decision to placeall conditioned SNF from Units 1, 2 and 3 to ISF-1.

Works on spent nuclear fuel transportation fromcooling pools of Units 1 and 2 to ISF-1 werecommenced.



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The Final State ofDecommissioning NPP can be changed

The Final State ofDecommissioning NPP can be changed

"Green field" status

"Brown spot" status

Developedindustrial site

ChNPP is located at the territory of Exclusion

Zone contaminated with radioactive

substances as a result of accident in 1986.

Thats why decommissioning of Chernobyl

NPP up to the "green field" status is

unreasonable.

A brown spot is a condition of ChNPP industrial

site when its territory and buildings can berestricted released from the regulating control.

Reuse of ChNPP site as National operator of

NPP units decommissioning, SNF and RAW

management is the most desirable final state: a fast and cheap way to reach decommissioning

objectives

using financial and technical resources and

qualified staff of ChNPP more effectively;

solving problems of nuclear industry.


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SSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness

System SSE ChNPP Emergency PreparednessSSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness

SystemSystem

The Main Tasks of ChNPP Emergency

Preparedness and Response System

Assurance of preparedness to eliminate accidentsand emergencies at SSE Chernobyl NPP facilities; Response to accidents and emergencies at the SSEChernobyl NPP facilities;

Implementation of measures on protecting the NPP

personnel and environment.


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SSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness

System SSE ChNPP Emergency PreparednessSSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness

SystemSystem

Emergency organizational structures of SSE Chernobyl NPP includes:

Emergency Manager at industrial sites of SSE Chernobyl NPP

facilities

(EMS);

Coordination and Management Body

EMS Staff Office or SSE Chernobyl

NPP

Commission on the Issues of Emergencies (as a synonym);

Standing Management Body

Emergency Preparedness and Response

Department (EP&RD);

SSE Chernobyl NPP

emergency teams and units:

Radiation control unit; Dosimetric survey unit;

Physical protection assurance unit;

Personnel sanitary treatment unit;

Transport unit, etc.;

Teams for elimination of equipmentfailures.


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SSE ChNPP Emergency UnitsSSE ChNPP Emergency UnitsSSE ChNPP Emergency Units

The Main Tasks of NPP Emergency Units are:

Actions on preventing beyond-design-basis accidents and

eliminating their consequences;

Measures on personnel protection;

Recommendations on population protection.

A General Director is an Emergency Manager at the ChNPP

industrial site.


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SSE ChNPP Emergency UnitsSSE ChNPP Emergency UnitsSSE ChNPP Emergency Units

The Main Functions of EMS:

Primary and subsequent classification of an accident;

Notification of personnel and external organizations;

Initiation of Emergency Plan;

Management of actions on accident containment and elimination;

Coordination of actions of external organizations involved into

emergency and rescue operations;

Provision of information to a Ministry of Emergencies management,

regulatory body, authorities and mass media;

Decision-making on Emergency Plans ending.

The SSE ChNPP personnel is contained in protective shelters

having -radiation dose rate 0,5 mSv/h.

The SSE ChNPP personnel is evacuated having -radiation dose

rate 1 mSv/h.


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Thank you for attention!

Documents

From “Shelter” to New SafeConfinement