Friday, December 19 Ch. 14 Test Learning Target: Explain the characteristics of the psychodynamic approach

Friday, December 19

Ch. 14 Test

Learning Target: Explain the characteristics of the psychodynamic approach

Thursday, December 18Collect Defense Mechanism WorksheetDiscuss Freud’s Psychosexual Stages Discuss the Three Levels of the MindComplete Discussion of Freud ReviewCh. 14 Test: Fri., Dec. 19

Learning Target: Explain the characteristics of the psychodynamic approach

Wednesday, December 17

Return Ch. 6 Tests

Discuss Defense Mechanisms

Defense Mechanism Worksheet: Due Thursday, December 18

Learning Target: Identify which defense mechanism is used in various examples

Tuesday, December 16Introduce PersonalityDiscuss Three Parts of the PersonalityPsychology PlayhouseLearning Target:

• Analyze people’s personality in terms of which part of the personality is most dominant

• Define personality and explain the characteristics of the psychoanalytic approach

Thursday, December 19

Collect Defense Mechanism Worksheet

Discuss Psychosexual Stages

Defense Mechanism BINGO

Learning Target: Explain the characteristics of each of the psychosexual stages.


Complete Discussion of Defense Mechanisms

Analyze the “Cat in the Hat”

Homework: Defense Mechanism Worksheet

(this is MANDATORY) Due: tomorrow 12/19

Learning Target: Analyze which part of the personality the characters in the “Cat in the Hat”

exemplify


Collect Personality Key Concepts and Terms (OPTIONAL)

Review Jeopardy

Ch. 14 Test: Tomorrow: 12/20

Chapter 14: Personality

Personality: An individual’s unique, consistent, patterned methods of behaving in relation to the environment

What words are important in that definition?

• Unique

• Consistent

• Pattern

2) The Psychoanalytic Approach

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) Background

• Victorian Era• Prim and Proper

• Position

• View on sex


Id, Ego, Superego (three parts of the personality)


ID

Ego

Superego

Freud believed that the 3 parts of the personality overlapped and should not be separated and analyzed separately. He believed one was an outgrowth of the other.


Id: The part of the personality that emerges first. When we are an infant we are almost all Id• Pleasure Principle: the Id is hedonistic.

It seeks pleasure and avoids pain

• Energy Source: the Id is the major source for all psychological energy


Id• Drives and Instincts: basic inborn needs

• Libido: the sex drive

• Aggression:

• Thanatos: the death instinct

• Eros: love for life


Id• Primary Process: the need for

immediate and instant gratification

2) The Psychoanalytic ApproachEgo: the second part of the personality to emerge. It is more logical and practical than the id• Reality Principle: the ego’s awareness of the external world

• Secondary Process: the ability to delay gratification

2) The Psychoanalytic ApproachSuper Ego: The sense of morality• Morality Principle• Ego Ideal: the child’s perception of what they think their parents think is morally good• Conscience: the child’s perception of what they think their parents think is morally bad

Defense Mechanisms

See Handout

Defense Mechanisms

Definitions• The Ego’s way of satisfying the id without

overstepping the bounds of the superego

• The Ego’s unconscious attempt to defend against our anxiety

Defense Mechanisms

Four aspects of all defense mechanisms• They are all unconscious

• They all involve self-deception

• They all give us time to get over anxiety producing events in our life

• They are all normal methods of dealing with our anxiety if……

NAME OF DEFENSE MECHANISM

DEFINITION EXAMPLE

RATIONALIZATIONSweet LemonsSour Grapes

We give ourselves false reassurances about an anxiety producing experience in order to reduce our anxiety.What we have we love and think is greatWhat we can’t have we tell ourselves we didn’t want anyway.

REACTION FORMATION

We act in a manner that is completely opposite of how we are truly feeling.

REPRESSION Unconsciously blocking unpleasant or anxiety producing thoughts from consciousness.

*SUPPRESSION When we consciously avoid thinking about something.

NAME OF DEFENSE

MECHANISM

DEFINITION EXAMPLE

PROJECTION The tendency to see in others the undesirable traits and qualities that we possess.

IDENTIFICATION Identifying with a group by taking on some of their behaviors.

DISPLACEMENT Taking our anxiety out on other, safer objects.

SUBLIMATION We find socially acceptable ways to fulfill socially unacceptable urges.

REGRESSION Returning to earlier modes of dealing with anxiety.

FANTASY/DREAMS/ESCAPE

Avoiding anxiety by escaping into a fantasy/dream world

UNDOING Reducing anxiety by making amends for unethical thoughts or deeds.

COMPENSATION We pursue success in one area to reduce our anxiety about our failure in another.

DENIAL Defending against anxiety-producing realities by failing to perceive or recognize them.


Stages of Development: Freud believed that an individual develops through a series of five Psychosexual Stages. Each of these stages was associated with the part of the body that gave the individual the most pleasure at that time.


Oral Stage (Birth – 18 months)

Pleasure comes from the

mouth—sucking, biting,

chewing


Anal Stage (18 months-3 years old):

Pleasure focuses on bowel

and bladder function;

the child must cope with

demands for control


Fixation: Being stuck in a psychosexual stages.

Fixation can occur because of either too much or too little pleasure in a stage.

2) The Psychoanalytic ApproachAnal Retentive: The anal retentive person is neat, orderly, organized, and overly concerned with CONTROL

This is caused by too strict of toilet training resulting in a lack of pleasure

Anal Expulsive: The anal expulsive person is messy, disorganized,

It is caused by too lax toilet training resulting in too much pleasure


Phallic Stage (3-6 years):

The pleasure zone is

the genitals; the

child must cope with

incestuous feelings


Oedipus Complex:

A pattern described by Freud

in which a boy has sexual

desire for his mother and

wants to eliminate his

father’s competition for

her attention


Latency Stage (6 years old-puberty):

During this stage sexual impulses stay in the background as the child focuses on education, same-sex

peer play, and the

development of social

skills


Genital Stage (Puberty- )

It is during this stages that sexual impulses appear at the conscious level


Three Levels of the Mind


Conscious:

All our thoughts and perceptions of which we are currently aware

2) The Psychoanalytic ApproachPreconscious: A level of mental activity that is not currently conscious but of which we can easily become conscious

Examples: memories, stored knowledge


Unconscious: Region of the mind that is a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, desires, feelings, and painful memories

Examples: immoral urges, violent motives, shameful experiences, selfish needs, fears, drives, etc.

3) Humanistic ApproachMaslow’s Humanistic

PsychologyIf you want a healthy psychology, study healthy people. If you want a sick psychology, study sick people

3) Humanistic Approach

Deficiency Orientation: A preoccupation with a perceived need for

material things.

People coming to perceive life as disappointing and boring


Growth Orientation:

People with a growth

orientation do not focus

on what is missing,

instead they are satisfied

with what they have, are,

and can do



Characteristics of a Self-Actualized Person

• Accepting of self & reality• Spontaneous• Creative• Has quality relationships• Lives in the moment• Takes calculated risks

Food Shelter Water Clothing Sleep

Protection Law & Order

Limits Stability Financial Security

Family Affection Relationships Work Groups

Teams

Achievement Status Responsibility Reputation Confidence

Personal Growth

Fulfillment Self-sufficiency

Authenticity “Becoming all you can

be”

Documents

Friday, December 19 Ch. 14 Test Learning Target: Explain the characteristics of the psychodynamic approach